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1. Effect of 3-Indolebutyric Acid on Shoot Development and Rooting of Several Bermudagrasses

Author:
C. S. Hoveland
Source:
Agronomy journal 1963 v.55 no.1 pp. 49-50
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Cynodon; agronomy; indole butyric acid; Bermuda
Abstract:
... SynopsisShoot and root development of Coastal Bermuda rhizomes was superior to that of Suwanee bermuda. IBA (3-indolebutyric acid) improved shoot development and rooting of Suwanee. IBA increased rooting of Coastal but had no effect on shoot development of Coastal or Midland bermuda. ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1963.00021962005500010018x

2. Minimal Herbicide Treatments on the Establishment of Four Turfgrasses

Author:
B. J. Johnson
Source:
Agronomy journal 1975 v.67 no.6 pp. 786-789
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Cynodon; Eremochloa ophiuroides; Hapludults; Zoysia japonica; Zoysia tenuifolia; benefin; bensulide; chlorthal-dimethyl; crop-weed competition; grass weeds; growing season; lawns and turf; pronamide; sandy clay loam soils; terbutol; turf grasses; weed control
Abstract:
... Establishment of newly planted grasses for turf is influenced by weed competition. Since herbicides may reduce weed competition during the establishment period, an experiment was initiated to determine the effects of minimal vs. no herbicide treatment during the establishment of four turfgrass varieties and species. Herbicides as preemergence treatments were applied immediately after sprigging to ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1975.00021962006700060015x

3. Subtropical Grass Species Response to Different Irrigation and Harvest Regimes

Author:
P. Mislevy; P. H. Everett
Source:
Agronomy journal 1981 v.73 no.4 pp. 601-604
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Brachiaria; Cynodon; Paspalum; altitude; crude protein; dry matter accumulation; forage production; forage quality; frost injury; irrigation; livestock; perennial grasses; sand; soil; stubble; subtropical grasses; summer; temperature; winter; Florida
Abstract:
... Perennial grasses can be grown in subtropical areas of the world having little frost damage, but, in many areas low temperatures (1 to 10 C) at higher elevations and lack of moisture may restrict growth of most subtropical forages and create critical feed shortages for livestock. A study of the seasonal distribution of forage production of subtropical grasses was conducted to determine production ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1981.00021962007300040008x

4. Yield and Quality of Herbage Harvested Under Various Rainy−Season and Dry−Season Managements

Author:
C. P. E. Omaliko; F. C. Obioha
Source:
Agronomy journal 1981 v.73 no.6 pp. 1081-1083
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Cenchrus purpureus; Cynodon; Megathyrsus maximus; acid detergent fiber; crude fiber; crude protein; dry matter accumulation; dry season; forage; grasses; harvesting; interspecific variation; lignification; livestock production; sandy loam soils; soil water; sward; wet season
Abstract:
... Livestock production potentials in tropical areas are often unattainable because of limited availability of good quality herbage. Rates of herbage growth and lignification are high resulting in production of poor quality herbage during the rainy season and severe herbage scarcity during the dry season. Factors other than depleted soil moisture, which may contribute to the decreased production in t ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1981.00021962007300060042x

5. Response to Vertical Mowing and Ethofumesate Treatments for Annual Bluegrass Control in Bermudagrass Turf

Author:
B. J. Johnson
Source:
Agronomy journal 1986 v.78 no.3 pp. 495-498
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Cynodon; Lolium perenne; Poa annua; weed control; ethofumesate; pesticide application; mowing; lawns and turf; golf courses; Georgia
Abstract:
... Annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) is a major weed in bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) golf greens overseeded with cool-season grasses. Herbicides are often ineffective or may injure the overseeded grass. This study was initiated to determine the effects of sequential vertical mowing and ethofumesate [(±)-2-ethoxy-2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl- 5-benzofuranyl methanesulfonate)] treatments on a bermudagrass gre ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1986.00021962007800030021x

6. Near Infrared Reflectance Analysis of Total Nonstructural Carbohydrate Concentration in Tropical Grasses

Author:
W. F. Brown; C. K. Piacitelli; P. Mislevy
Source:
Crop science 1987 v.27 no.4 pp. 786-788
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Cynodon; Hemarthria altissima; Digitaria eriantha; Paspalum notatum; carbohydrates; roots; stems; stubble; infrared spectroscopy; tropics; Florida
Abstract:
... Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) has been used for the rapid chemical analysis of feed. This research investigated the use of NIRS to analyze total nonstructural carbohydrate (TNC) concentration in stem bases and roots of Cynodon, Hemarthria, Digitaria, and Paspalum tropical grasses from six experiments. Conventional TNC analysis was conducted and NIRS equations were developed from se ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1987.0011183X002700040036x

7. Registration of 'Tifton 78' bermudagrass

Author:
Burton, G.W.; Monson, W.G.
Source:
Crop science 1988 v.28 no.1 pp. 187-188
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Cynodon; cultivars; agronomic traits; Georgia
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1988.0011183X002800010047x

8. Bermudagrass Response to Chilling Temperatures as Influenced by Iron and Benzyladenine

Author:
R. H. White; R. E. Schmidt
Source:
Crop science 1989 v.29 no.3 pp. 768-773
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
foliar spraying; carbon dioxide; hybrids; carbohydrate metabolism; crop quality; pigmentation; Cynodon dactylon; gas exchange; cooling; iron; ambient temperature; stress response; benzyladenine; color; amylases; enzyme activity; chlorophyll
Abstract:
... Chilling temperatures (10 to 15 °C down to 0 °C) disrupt photosynthesis, reduce growth, and discolor bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) turf. We studied the effects of chilling in controlled environments on the CO₂ exchange rate (CER), total nonstructural carbohydrate (TNC) content, amylolytic enzyme activity (AEA), chlorophyll content, and turf color in two bermudagrasses to determine the influence of i ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1989.0011183X002900030046x

9. Vital Staining of Root Hairs in 12 Warm-Season Perennial Grasses

Author:
Marianne J. Oprisko; Robert L. Green; James B. Beard; Charles E. Gates
Source:
Crop science 1990 v.30 no.4 pp. 947-950
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Eremochloa ophiuroides; viability; research methods; Zoysia japonica; hybrids; perennials; Cynodon transvaalensis; Cynodon dactylon; Paspalum vaginatum; drought tolerance; root hairs; Stenotaphrum secundatum; accuracy; Zoysia tenuifolia; Paspalum notatum
Abstract:
... Root hairs have been shown to absorb water and nutrients; thus, it may be important to characterize their quantity, size, and viability when studying components of drought resistance. The first objective was to find the most effective and precise vital stain for root hairs of warm-season perennial grasses. Sprigs of 12 genotypes representing six species were grown in sand culture in the greenhouse ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1990.0011183X003000040039x

10. Control of the African armyworm Spodoptera exempta Walker (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Kenyan fields with highly effective strains of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner

Author:
Broza, M.; Brownbridge, M.; Hamal, M.; Sneh, B.
Source:
Biocontrol science and technology 1991 v.1 no.2 pp. 127-135
ISSN:
0958-3157
Subject:
Zea mays; Triticum; Cynodon; millets; Spodoptera exempta; insect control; larvae; biological control; Bacillus thuringiensis; strains; biological control agents; spraying
DOI:
10.1080/09583159109355192

11. Regrowth of Bermudagrass Infected with Spring Dead Spot Following Low Temperature Exposure

Author:
Lambert B. McCarty; Joseph M. DiPaola; Leon T. Lucas
Source:
Crop science 1991 v.31 no.1 pp. 182-184
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
cold injury; Cynodon dactylon; carbohydrates; cold stress; leaf spot; regrowth; Gaeumannomyces graminis var. graminis; leaves; shoots
Abstract:
... Spring dead spot (SDS) (Gaeumannomyces graminis (Sate.) Arx & Olivier var. graminis) is a serious disease of intensively managed bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) turf throughout much of the world. Research was undertaken in North Carolina to determine (i) if exposure of previously G. graminis infected turf to low temperatures would result in the reduced bermudagrass regrowth; and (ii) if shoot regrowth ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1991.0011183X003100010041x

12. Starch Gel Electrophoresis Used for Identification of Turf-type Cynodon Genotypes

Author:
P. H. Vermeulen; J. B. Beard; M. A. Hussey; R. L. Green
Source:
Crop science 1991 v.31 no.1 pp. 223-227
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
cultivars; Cynodon transvaalensis; Cynodon dactylon; enzyme polymorphism; starch; gels; genotype; cultivar identification; electrophoresis; isozymes
Abstract:
... A reliable technique is needed to facilitate the identification of cultivars of turf-type Cynodon species because of difficulties encountered using morphological traits alone. This study was conducted to determine the potential for using starch gel electrophoresis to identify 21 Cynodon genotypes. Six enzyme systems (aconitase, alcohol dehydrogenase, phosphoglucomutase, phosphoglucoisomerase, shik ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1991.0011183X003100010049x

13. Turf Response to Triazine Carriers as Influenced by Pseudomonas Inoculant

Author:
Charles H. Peacock; Joseph M. DiPaola
Source:
Agronomy journal 1992 v.84 no.4 pp. 583-585
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
crop quality; hybrids; soil bacteria; Cynodon dactylon; Pseudomonas; nutrient availability; lawns and turf; melamine; urea; fertilizer carriers; biodegradation; microbial activity; nitrogen fertilizers; North Carolina
Abstract:
... Triazines have potential for use as slow-release N fertilizers. Their degradation by microbial activity and subsequent N mineralization rate is reduced in less microbially active soils. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of Pseudomonas inoculant on the efficacy of triazine fertilizers. Turf response to ammeline (4,5-diamino-1,3,5-triazin-2(lH)-one) and melamine (1,3,4-triaz ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1992.00021962008400040008x

14. Dry Matter Concentration as an Index of in Vitro Dry Matter Disappearance in Bermudagrass

Author:
N. R. Degenhart; G. W. Burton
Source:
Crop science 1993 v.33 no.4 pp. 862-864
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Cynodon; in vitro digestibility; dry matter accumulation; prediction; crop quality; forage
Abstract:
... Simple and cost-effective procedures for predicting forage quality are needed. The objective of this study was to determine if dry matter concentration (DMC) could be used as an index of in vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD)in bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.). Data were from two bermudagrass trials at Tifton, GA. The 1983 and 1985 trials contained 32 and 28 entries replicated five times. Plots were ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1993.0011183X003300040045x

15. Gauging Turfgrass Salinity Responses in Whole-Plant Microculture and Solution Culture

Author:
Mary Ann L. Smith; Jeffrey E. Meyer; Sharon L. Knight; G. Stanley Chen
Source:
Crop science 1993 v.33 no.3 pp. 566-572
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Cynodon; Agrostis stolonifera var. palustris; Stenotaphrum secundatum; lawns and turf; salt tolerance; screening; nutrient solutions; salinity; culture media; sodium chloride; in vitro culture; cultivars; germplasm
Abstract:
... New methods for assessing salinity responses of turfgrass lines are required to identify selections for use on marginal sites. This study was conducted to quantify whole turfgrass plant responses to salt in solution-culture and microculture test environments, and to evaluate the latter as an alternative system for identifying salt-resistance characteristics. Paired cultivars of bermudagrass (Cynod ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1993.0011183X003300030029x

16. Registration of 'Tifton 85' bermudagrass

Author:
Burton, G.W.; Gates, R.N.; Hill, G.M.
Source:
Crop science 1993 v.33 no.3 pp. 644-645
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Cynodon; cultivars; pasture plants; forage; crop quality; agronomic traits; parentage; Georgia
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1993.0011183X003300030045x

17. Fenarimol Tolerance of Roughstalk Bluegrass Overseeded in Bermudagrass Greens

Author:
B. Jack Johnson
Source:
Agronomy journal 1994 v.86 no.3 pp. 519-522
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Cynodon; hybrids; lawns and turf; Poa trivialis; weed control; Poa annua; chemical control; fenarimol; phytotoxicity; application rate; athletic fields; golf courses; split application; Georgia
Abstract:
... Bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) putting greens are overseeded with cool-season grasses in the fall to maintain a high-quality putting turf throughout the southern USA. Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) has been the predominant grass used for overseeding until recently, when roughstalk (Poa trivialis L.) has been increasingly used for overseeding. Annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) is a problem winte ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1994.00021962008600030012x

18. ‘Tifgreen’ Bermudagrass Response to Late-Season Application of Nitrogen and Potassium

Author:
J. M. Goatley; V. Maddox; D. J. Lang; K. K. Crouse
Source:
Agronomy journal 1994 v.86 no.1 pp. 7-10
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
potassium fertilizers; hybrids; crop quality; application timing; Cynodon transvaalensis; Cynodon dactylon; nitrogen; chemical constituents of plants; carbohydrates; lawns and turf; potassium; color; rhizomes; phosphorus; application rate; leaves; nitrogen fertilizers
Abstract:
... Late-season application of N to bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon x transvaalensis Burtt-Davey) putting greens are often made in an attempt to extend turfgrass growth and color. Research was conducted to evaluate the physiological and morphological response of bermudagrass to late-seasoanp plicatioonf N and K. Application of 0, 4.9, and 9.8 g Nm⁻¹ in factorial combination with 0, 4.1, or 8.2 g Km⁻¹ w ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1994.00021962008600010002x

19. DNA amplification fingerprinting analysis of bermudagrass (Cynodon): genetic relationships between species and interspecific crosses

Author:
Caetano-Anolles, G.; Callahan, I.M.; Williams, P.E.; Weaver, K.R.; Gresshoff, P.M.
Source:
Theoretical and applied genetics 1995 v.91 no.2 pp. 228-235
ISSN:
0040-5752
Subject:
cultivars; hybrids; Cynodon transvaalensis; Cynodon dactylon; interspecific hybridization; capillary electrophoresis; DNA fingerprinting; genetic variation; cultivar identification
Abstract:
... We have used DNA amplification fingerprinting (DAF) to study the genetic variation of bermudagrass (Cynodon) species and cultivars of interspecific crosses that exhibit leaf-blade textural characteristics ranging from coarse to fine. Arbitrary octamer primers produced complex and reproducible amplification profiles with high levels of polymorphic DNA. Phylogenetic analysis using parsimony (PAUP) a ...
DOI:
10.1007/BF00220882
PubMed:
24169768

20. Diversity and Vulnerability of Bermuda Turfgrass Species

Author:
C. M. Taliaferro
Source:
Crop science 1995 v.35 no.2 pp. 327-332
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
cytogenetics; taxonomy; Cynodon; hybrids; cultivars; geographical distribution; genetic variation; plant genetic resources; gene banks; pest resistance; disease resistance
Abstract:
... Widespread use of relatively few clonally-propagated turf bermudagrass (Cynodon spp. Rich.) cultivars in the USA creates a high risk for extensive damage from new pests. Knowledge of the genetic diversity within Cynodon, and access to that diversity would be important in counteracting pest epidemics. This paper reviews information on the distribution and cytotaxonomic diversity of Cynodon turfgras ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1995.0011183X003500020006x

21. Drought Resistance Aspects of Turfgrasses in the Southeast: Evapotranspiration and Crop Coefficients

Author:
Robert N. Carrow
Source:
Crop science 1995 v.35 no.6 pp. 1685-1690
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Eremochloa ophiuroides; estimation; cultivars; hybrids; Zoysia japonica; Festuca arundinacea; evapotranspiration; Cynodon dactylon; humid zones; drought tolerance; meteorological parameters; Stenotaphrum secundatum; irrigation scheduling; irrigation requirement; Georgia
Abstract:
... Water-use data obtained under the climatic and soil conditions typical of the southeastern USA are very limited. Seven of the most commonly used turfgrasses in the Piedmont region of the humid Southeast were evaluated in a field study under edaphic stresses common to the region for seasonal evapotranspiration (ET) and development of Class A weather pan coefficients (kp) and FAO Penman crop coeffic ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1995.0011183X003500060029x

22. Basal Growth Temperatures and Growth Rate Constants of Warm-Season Turfgrass Species

Author:
J. B. Unruh; R. E. Gaussoin; S. C. Wiest
Source:
Crop science 1996 v.36 no.4 pp. 997-999
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Eremochloa ophiuroides; cultivars; Zoysia japonica; Cynodon transvaalensis; Cynodon dactylon; Bouteloua dactyloides; ambient temperature; growth models; Stenotaphrum secundatum; accuracy
Abstract:
... Degree-day modeling applications in turfgrass management have recently seen increased interest. The predictive capacity of any degree day model is dependent on an accurate determination of the basal growth temperatures for the species under consideration. The objective of this study was to determine basal growth temperatures and growth rate constants for eight warm season turfgrasses (five species ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1996.0011183X0036000400030x

23. Bermudagrass Carbohydrate Levels as Influenced by Potassium Fertilization and Cultivar

Author:
Grady L. Miller; Ray Dickens
Source:
Crop science 1996 v.36 no.5 pp. 1283-1289
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
potassium fertilizers; hybrids; cultivars; correlation; application rate; Cynodon dactylon; chemical constituents of plants; Cynodon transvaalensis; stolons; carbohydrates; air temperature; seasonal variation; rhizomes; roots; shoots; Alabama
Abstract:
... Stored nonstructural carbohydrates are a primary source of reserve energy in vegetative organs of warm-season grasses. Research is needed concerning the influence of potassium on carbohydrate levels in turfgrasses. Four K rates ranging from 24 to 390 kg ha⁻¹ per growing month were applied twice monthly from 1992 to 1994 to ‘Tifdwarf’ and ‘Tifway’ bermudagrasses [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. × C. tr ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1996.0011183X003600050035x

24. A Cold-Regulated Protein from Bermudagrass Crowns Is a Chitinase

Author:
M. J. Gatschet; C. M. Taliaferro; D. R. Porter; M. P. Anderson; J. A. Anderson; K. W. Jackson
Source:
Crop science 1996 v.36 no.3 pp. 712-718
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
hybrids; protein synthesis; Cynodon transvaalensis; Cynodon dactylon; acclimation; chitinase; cold tolerance; cold; shoots
Abstract:
... Sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and fluorography of in vivo radiolabeled proteins has revealed that protein synthesis in crowns of ‘Midiron’ and ‘Tifgreen’ bermudagrasses (Cynodon dactylon L. Pers. × C. transvaalensis Burtt-Davy) is altered in association with cold acclimation (CA). Increased synthesis of some proteins in association with CA in Midiron crowns ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1996.0011183X003600030032x

25. Drought Resistance Aspects of Turfgrasses in the Southeast: Root-Shoot Responses

Author:
Robert N. Carrow
Source:
Crop science 1996 v.36 no.3 pp. 687-694
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Eremochloa ophiuroides; wilting; hybrids; Zoysia japonica; Festuca arundinacea; crop quality; Cynodon dactylon; Cynodon transvaalensis; spatial distribution; drought tolerance; lawns and turf; chlorosis; Stenotaphrum secundatum; roots; shoots; Southeastern United States
Abstract:
... Knowledge of relative drought resistance is important for selecting turfgrasses that persist during drought stress. Seven of the most commonly used turfgrasses in the Piedmont region of the humid Southeastern USA were evaluated in a field study under edaphic stresses common to the region for drought resistance and spatial rooting responses as a component of drought avoidance. Grasses were ‘Tifway’ ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1996.0011183X003600030028x

26. Potassium Fertilization Related to Cold Resistance in Bermudagrass

Author:
Grady L. Miller; Ray Dickens
Source:
Crop science 1996 v.36 no.5 pp. 1290-1295
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
winter hardiness; hybrids; cultivars; potassium fertilizers; sandy soils; Cynodon dactylon; peat; nutrient availability; application rate; chemical constituents of plants; Cynodon transvaalensis; growing media; potassium; sand; leaves; Alabama
Abstract:
... Applications of high rates of potassium are often made in an attempt to increase winter hardiness of bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] turfs. Research was conducted to evaluate two bermudagrass cultivars field-grown on a high sand based soil mix and a native soil for the influence of applied K on cold resistance. A field study with six K rates ranging from 0 to 390 kg ha⁻¹ growing month⁻¹ ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1996.0011183X003600050036x

27. DNA amplification variation within cultivars of turf-type couch grasses (Cynodon spp.)

Author:
Ho, C.Y.; McMaugh, S.J.; Wilton, A.N.; McFarlane, I.J.; Mackinlay, A.G.
Source:
Plant cell reports 1997 v.16 no.11 pp. 797-801
ISSN:
0721-7714
Subject:
Cynodon; genetic distance; nucleotide sequences; DNA fingerprinting; cultivar identification; genetic polymorphism; Australia
Abstract:
... Arbitrary primed polymorphic DNA was employed to investigate relationships among 18 Cynodon cultivars available in Australia. Thirteen out of the 20 random primers screened gave reproducible banding patterns for all samples. The cultivars showed a high level of polymorphism. Each cultivar was readily distinguishable with a combination of primers. One primer was able to discriminate between all the ...
DOI:
10.1007/s002990050323

28. The Origin of Bermudagrass (Cynodon) Off-Types Inferred by DNA Amplification Fingerprinting

Author:
Gustavo Caetano-Anollés; Lloyd M. Callahan; Peter M. Gresshoff
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.1 pp. 81-87
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Cynodon; cultivars; hybrids; clonal variation; ancestry; lawns and turf; genetic stability; DNA fingerprinting; interspecific hybridization
Abstract:
... DNA amplification fingerprinting (DAF) with arbitrary oligonucleotide primers can specify genetic relationships between closely related plant accessions. In this study, DAF was used to characterize bermudagrass (Cynodon) species and cultivars of interspecific crosses, evaluate genetic diversity and origin of bermudagrass off-types, and certify authenticity of cultivar stocks. Arbitrary octamer pri ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700010013x

29. Registration of 'Tift 94' bermudagrass

Author:
Hanna, W.W.; Carrow, R.N.; Powell, A.J.
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.3 pp. 1012
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
cultivars; hybrids; Cynodon transvaalensis; Cynodon dactylon; agronomic traits; pest resistance; Georgia
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700030066x

30. Rooting and Drought Avoidance of Warm-Season Turfgrasses and Tall Fescue in Kansas

Author:
Y. L. Qian; J. D. Fry; W. S. Upham
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.3 pp. 905-910
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Cynodon; wilting; Zoysia japonica; hybrids; Festuca arundinacea; root systems; Bouteloua dactyloides; drought tolerance; drought; rooting; soil water; rain; root shoot ratio
Abstract:
... Rooting characteristics of ‘Midlawn’ bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. × C. transvaalensis Burtt-Davy], ‘Prairie’ buffalograss [Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm.], ‘Meyer’ zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.), and ‘Mustang’ tall rescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) are not well documented, but likely contribute to drought avoidance. Experiments were conducted between 1993 and 1995 to det ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700030034x

31. Softening and Loss of Subterranean Clover Hard Seed under Sod and Bare Ground Environments

Author:
T. E. Fairbrother
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.3 pp. 839-844
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
seed germination; seeds; soil temperature; Cynodon dactylon; hardness; sowing; cutting; rain; Trifolium subterraneum
Abstract:
... Natural reseeding of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) grown with a warm-season grass in the southern USA depends on the proper softening rate of hard seed. Three experiments were each conducted over 2 yr to determine (i) the rate of seed softening, (ii) the cause of reduction in seed softening over time, and (iii) the effect of clipping management on seed softening. In all experimen ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700030024x

32. Turfgrass Response to Slow-Release Nitrogen Fertilizers

Author:
Robert N. Carrow
Source:
Agronomy journal 1997 v.89 no.3 pp. 491-496
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
solar radiation; Cynodon transvaalensis; soil temperature; coatings; Cynodon dactylon; mowing; shoots; sulfur-coated urea; urea formaldehyde; particle size; air temperature; rain; wind speed; NPK fertilizers; Georgia
Abstract:
... New polymer coatings have been developed and used to coat sulfurcoated urea (SCU) and other core N materials. These polymer-coated S-coated ureas (PCSCU) and polymer-coated S-coated N-P-K fertilizers (PCSCF) require evaluation for their N-release properties turfgrass culture. Also, N carriers from three different classes of N sources were included: polymer-coated urea (PCU), ureaformaldehyde (UF) ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1997.00021962008900030020x

33. Bermudagrass resistance to spring dead spot caused by Ophiosphaerella herpotricha

Author:
Baird, J.H.; Martin, D.L.; Taliaferro, C.M.; Payton, M.E.; Tisserat, N.A.
Source:
Plant disease 1998 v.82 no.7 pp. 771-774
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
weight; cultivars; hybrids; Cynodon transvaalensis; Cynodon dactylon; area; fungal diseases of plants; greenhouse production; virulence; frost injury; disease resistance; color; field experimentation; Dothideales; roots; shoots; Kansas
Abstract:
... Field and greenhouse studies were conducted to evaluate the resistance of seed- and vegetatively propagated bermudagrass entries (Cynodon spp.) to spring dead spot caused by Ophiosphaerella herpotricha. In Kansas greenhouse studies, O. herpotricha caused root discoloration and root weight reductions in all entries tested. However, in Kansas field plots, root weight reductions were not different am ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS.1998.82.7.771

34. Natural history of the spittlebug Prosapia nr. bicincta (Homoptera: Cercopidae) in association with dairy pastures of Costa Rica

Author:
Peck, D.C.
Source:
Annals of the Entomological Society of America 1998 v.91 no.4 pp. 435-444
ISSN:
0013-8746
Subject:
sexual behavior; oviposition; Pennisetum clandestinum; Cercopidae; pastures; reproductive behavior; instars; anatomy and morphology; oviposition sites; Cynodon nlemfuensis; Costa Rica
DOI:
10.1093/aesa/91.4.435

35. Registration of 'FloraDwarf' bermudagrass

Author:
Dudeck, A.E.; Murdoch, C.L.
Source:
Crop science 1998 v.38 no.2 pp. 538
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Cynodon; mutants; hybrids; lawns and turf; density; cultivars; agronomic traits; golf courses; Florida
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1998.0011183X003800020055x

36. Diversity among Cynodon accessions and taxa based on DNA amplification fingerprinting

Author:
Assefa, S.; Taliaferro, C.M.; Anderson, M.P.; Reyes, B.G. de los.; Edwards, R.M.
Source:
Genome = 1999 v.42 no.3 pp. 465-474
ISSN:
0831-2796
Subject:
germplasm; interspecific variation; Cynodon; loci; geographical variation; phylogeny; genetic distance; plant genetic resources; nucleotide sequences; DNA fingerprinting; genetic variation; genetic polymorphism
Abstract:
... The genus Cynodon (Gramineae), comprised of 9 species, is geographically widely distributed and genetically diverse. Information on the amounts of molecular genetic variation among and within Cynodon taxa is needed to enhance understanding of phylogenetic relations and facilitate germplasm management and breeding improvement efforts. Genetic relatedness among 62 Cynodon accessions, representing ei ...
DOI:
10.1139/g98-152
PubMed:
10382294

37. High genome-wide mutation rates in vegetatively propagated bermudagrass

Author:
Caetano-Anolles, G.
Source:
Molecular ecology 1999 v.8 no.7 pp. 1211-1221
ISSN:
0962-1083
Subject:
Cynodon; cultivars; hybrids; genome; vegetative propagation; genetic stability; mutants; genomics; DNA fingerprinting; irradiation; gamma radiation; genetic polymorphism; population; vegetative growth
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-294x.1999.00702.x

38. Registration of 'Florakirk' bermudagrass

Author:
Mislevy, P.; Brown, W.F.; Kalmbacher, R.S.; Dunavin, L.S.; Judd, W.S.; Kucharek, T.A.; Ruelke, O.C.; Noling, J.W.; Sonoda, R.M.; Stanley, R.L. Jr.
Source:
Crop science 1999 v.39 no.2 pp. 587
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Cynodon; drought tolerance; water stress; regrowth; cold tolerance; forage; cultivars; agronomic traits; crop yield; biomass production; Florida
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1999.0011183X003900020055x

39. Relationship of Multispectral Radiometry Data to Qualitative Data in Turfgrass Research

Author:
L. E. Trenholm; R. N. Carrow; R. R. Duncan
Source:
Crop science 1999 v.39 no.3 pp. 763-769
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Cynodon transvaalensis; Cynodon dactylon; Paspalum vaginatum; shoots; radiometry; light intensity; leaf area index; plant density; measurement; color; wavelengths; abiotic stress; photosynthesis; qualitative analysis; reflectance; vegetation; density; Georgia
Abstract:
... Multispectral radiometry provides a method for assessing plant light reflectance in the visible and near-infrared ranges. Reflectance of narrow wavelength ranges as well as ratios of different ranges have been highly correlated with absorbency of photosynthetically active radiation, leaf area index (LAI), and plant response to stresses. The objectives of this research were to determine if data obt ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1999.0011183X003900030025x

40. Wear Tolerance, Shoot Performance, and Spectral Reflectance of Seashore Paspalum and Bermudagrass

Author:
L. E. Trenholm; R. R. Duncan; R. N. Carrow
Source:
Crop science 1999 v.39 no.4 pp. 1147-1152
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
hybrids; Cynodon transvaalensis; Cynodon dactylon; ecotypes; Paspalum vaginatum; plant density; spectral analysis; field experimentation; genetic variation; reflectance; shoots; Georgia
Abstract:
... Seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum Swartz) displays wide intraspecific diversity and exhibits tolerance to numerous abiotic stresses. In addition, comparatively low fertility requirements and high quality growth characteristics of many ecotypes render this grass a prospective candidate for use on golf courses, athletic fields, and landscaped areas in warm climates worldwide. The objectives of t ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1999.0011183X003900040033x

41. Mechanisms of wear tolerance in seashore paspalum and bermudagrass

Author:
Trenholm, L.E.; Carrow, R.N.; Duncan, R.R.
Source:
Crop science 2000 v.40 no.5 pp. 1350-1357
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
manganese; turgor; hybrids; lignocellulose; hemicellulose; Cynodon transvaalensis; Cynodon dactylon; Paspalum vaginatum; cellulose; magnesium; mechanical damage; water content; potassium; field experimentation; chemical constituents of plants; traffic; lignin; shoots; Georgia
Abstract:
... Traffic causes shoot injury to turfgrass, with resulting inhibition of growth and reduction of quality. Turfgrasses in high traffic venues are generally selected for tolerance to traffic or for an ability to quickly outgrow the injury. However, limited knowledge exists on the mechanisms that impart wear tolerance to turfgrass, particularly for warm-season grasses. This field research was undertake ...

42. Nitrogen/potassium fertilization ratios for bermudagrass turf

Author:
Snyder, G.H.; Cisar, J.L.
Source:
Crop science 2000 v.40 no.6 pp. 1719-1723
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
weight; potassium fertilizers; application rate; Cynodon transvaalensis; Cynodon dactylon; nitrogen; nutrient deficiencies; potassium; disease resistance; roots; nitrogen fertilizers
Abstract:
... Turfgrass fertilizers often contain approximately one-half as much potassium (K) as nitrogen (N), on a weight basis. Since K fertilization has been shown to be very beneficial for turfgrass appearance and growth, higher rates of K fertilization, relative to N, have been suggested. The effect of K/N fertilization ratios on 'Tifgreen' bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. X C. transvaalensis Bur ...

43. Tissue production and quality of 'Tifway' bermudagrass as affected by seasonal application patterns of trinexapac-ethyl

Author:
Fagerness, M.J.; Yelverton, F.H.
Source:
Crop science 2000 v.40 no.2 pp. 493-497
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
application timing; Cynodon transvaalensis; Cynodon dactylon; gibberellic acid; split application; seasonal variation; biomass production; dormancy; North Carolina
Abstract:
... Research on the gibberellic acid (GA)-inhibiting plant-growth regulator (PGR) trinexapac-ethyl (TE) regarding seasonal effects of single vs. multiple applications of this product on turfgrass quality and tissue production has not been reported. Research was conducted at North Carolina State University on 'Tifway' bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. X Cynodon transvaalensis (Burtt-Davy)] to c ...

44. Bermudagrass dead spot: a new disease of bermudagrass caused by Ophiosphaerella agrostis

Author:
Krausz, J.P.; White, R.H.; Tisserat, N.A.; Dernoeden, P.H.
Source:
Plant disease 2001 v.85 no.12 pp. 1286
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Cynodon transvaalensis; Cynodon dactylon; necrosis; stolons; fungal diseases of plants; hyphae; new host records; Poa trivialis; root rot; pathogenicity; plant pathogenic fungi; Dothideales; roots; mortality; leaves; Texas
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS.2001.85.12.1286B

45. Comparative DNA profiling of U-3 turf bermudagrass strains

Author:
Anderson, M.P.; Taliaferro, C.M.; Martin, D.L.; Anderson, C.S.
Source:
Crop science 2001 v.41 no.4 pp. 1184-1189
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
cultivars; Cynodon transvaalensis; seeds; Cynodon dactylon; DNA; mutation; clones; DNA fingerprinting; genetic variation; cultivar identification; Oklahoma
Abstract:
... Long-term maintenance of genetic fidelity of clonally propagated bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) cultivars is difficult. Contamination may arise through mechanical mixtures, the presence of viable seed, and somatic mutations. DNA amplification fingerprinting (DAF) was used to compare genetically putative 'U-3' bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L). Pers.] selected in the early 1930s with bermudagrass cur ...

46. Penman Monteith crop coefficients for use with desert turf systems

Author:
Brown, P.W.; Mancino, C.F.; Young, M.H.; Thompson, T.L.; Wierenga, P.J.; Kopec, D.M.
Source:
Crop science 2001 v.41 no.4 pp. 1197-1206
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
mathematical models; evapotranspiration; solar radiation; sowing date; Cynodon transvaalensis; Cynodon dactylon; irrigation requirement; Lolium perenne; leaf area index; seasonal variation; crop management; Lolium multiflorum; Arizona
Abstract:
... Irrigation scheduling systems which estimate actual evapotranspiration (ETa) by adjusting reference evapotranspiration (ETo) with crop coefficients (K(c)s) have been suggested as a means of improving irrigation management of turfgrass in the desert southwest. The objective of this study was to develop turfgrass K(c)s for use with ETo computed by the Penman Monteith Equation recommended by the Unit ...

47. Removal of perennial ryegrass from overseeded bermudagrass using cultural methods

Author:
Horgan, B.P.; Yelverton, F.H.
Source:
Crop science 2001 v.41 no.1 pp. 118-126
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
cultivars; application timing; Cynodon transvaalensis; Cynodon dactylon; relative humidity; mowing; Lolium perenne; air temperature; heat; seasonal variation; propyzamide; plant competition; field experimentation; golf courses; density; ammonium nitrate; mortality; North Carolina
Abstract:
... Turfgrass managers in the southeastern United States often overseed 'Tifway' bermudagrass [Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt-Davey x C. dactylon (L.) Pers.] with perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) to provide a dense green turf during winter months. Although overseeding provides benefits, the spring transition from perennial ryegrass to bermudagrass can be troublesome and inconsistent. Perennial rye ...

48. Fate and transport of nitrogen applied to six warm-season turfgrasses

Author:
Bowman, D.C.; Cherney, C.T.; Rufty, T.W. Jr.
Source:
Crop science 2002 v.42 no.3 pp. 833-841
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Eremochloa ophiuroides; interspecific variation; Zoysia japonica; ammonium nitrogen; Cynodon transvaalensis; Cynodon dactylon; nitrate nitrogen; leaching; length; density; ammonium nitrate; stable isotopes; roots; Zoysia tenuifolia
Abstract:
... A greenhouse study compared six warm season turfgrasses [common bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.], 'Tifway' hybrid bermudagrass (C. dactylon x transvaalensis), centipedegrass (Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack.), 'Raleigh' St. Augustinegrass [Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walter) Kuntze], 'Meyer' zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.), and 'Emerald' zoysiagrass (Z. japonica x tenuifolia)] for ...

49. Freeze tolerance of bermudagrasses

Author:
Jeff Anderson; Charles Taliaferro; Dennis Martin
Source:
Crop science 2002 v.42 no.3 pp. 975-977
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Cynodon; cold injury; cold season; cold tolerance; cultivars; genotype; golf courses; turf grasses; vegetative propagation; winter; Yukon Territory
Abstract:
... Bermudagrasses, Cynodon spp., periodically sustain winter injury in the transition zone between warm- and cool-season turfgrasses. Our objective was to determine relative freeze tolerance levels of advanced lines, recently released cultivars, and standard varieties by means of laboratory-based methodology. Freeze tolerance evaluations were divided into three groups on the basis of intended use. Th ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2002.9750

50. Freeze tolerance of bermudagrasses: vegetatively propagated cultivars intended for fairway and putting green use, and seed-propagated cultivars

Author:
Anderson, J.; Taliaferro, C.; Martin, D.
Source:
Crop science 2002 v.42 no.3 pp. 975-977
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Cynodon; cultivars; seeds; vegetative propagation; frost resistance; sexual reproduction; genotype
Abstract:
... Bermudagrasses, Cynodon spp., periodically sustain winter injury in the transition zone between warm- and cool-season turfgrasses. Our objective was to determine relative freeze tolerance levels of advanced lines, recently released cultivars, and standard varieties by means of laboratory-based methodology. Freeze tolerance evaluations were divided into three groups on the basis of intended use. Th ...