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You searched for: Subject term DNA methylation Remove constraint Subject term: DNA methylation Subject term demethylation Remove constraint Subject term: demethylation
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1. DNA methylation and the promotion of flowering by vernalization

Author:
Finnegan, E.J.; Genger, R.K.; Kovac, K.; Peacock, W.J.; Dennis, E.S.
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1998 v.95 no.10 pp. 5824-5829
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
Arabidopsis thaliana; flowering; DNA methylation; loci; antisense DNA; transgenic plants; phenotype; vernalization; early development; mutants; transferases; cold
Abstract:
... We have tested the hypothesis that the promotion of flowering by prolonged exposure to low temperatures (vernalization) is mediated by DNA demethylation [Burn, J. E., Bagnall, D. J., Metzger, J. M., Dennis, E. S. & Peacock, W. J. (1993) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 287-291]. Arabidopsis plants that have reduced levels of DNA methylation because of the presence of a methyltransferase (METI) antis ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.95.10.5824
PubMed:
9576969
PubMed Central:
PMC20464

2. Analysis of the expression pattern of the defensin gene in the lepidopteran Mamestra

Author:
F Borsatti; L Casarini; M Mandrioli
Source:
Invertebrate survival journal 2004 v.1 no.1 pp. 34-37
ISSN:
1824-307X
Subject:
DNA; DNA methylation; Mamestra brassicae; demethylation; digestion; genes; invertebrates; promoter regions
Abstract:
... Southern blotting experiments performed on Mamestra brassicae genomic DNA after digestion withmethylation-sensitive restriction enzymes indicated that defensin gene is methylated at CpG targets inthe promoter region. However, defensin gene is actively transcribed despite the presence ofmethylation. Experiments performed by genome demethylation indicated that demethylated defensingene resulted in a ...

3. Role of the Arabidopsis DNA glycosylase/lyase ROS1 in active DNA demethylation

Author:
Agius, F.; Kapoor, A.; Zhu, J.K.
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2006 v.103 no.31 pp. 11796-11801
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
Arabidopsis thaliana; N-glycoside hydrolases; enzyme activity; DNA; DNA methylation; cytosine
Abstract:
... DNA methylation is a stable epigenetic mark for transcriptional gene silencing in diverse organisms including plants and many animals. In contrast to the well characterized mechanism of DNA methylation by methyltransferases, the mechanisms and function of active DNA demethylation have been controversial. Genetic evidence suggested that the DNA glycosylase domain-containing protein ROS1 of Arabidop ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0603563103
PubMed:
16864782
PubMed Central:
PMC1544249

4. RNA Silencing Systems and Their Relevance to Allele-Specific DNA Methylation in Plants

Author:
Hiroshi SHIBA; Seiji TAKAYAMA
Source:
Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry 2007 v.71 no.11 pp. 2632-2646
ISSN:
1347-6947
Subject:
Brassica; DNA methylation; RNA; allelic variation; biotechnology; demethylation; evolution; gene expression; genomics; meiosis; mitosis; phenotype; transcription (genetics)
Abstract:
... In many organisms, allelic diversity generates phenotypic variations and contributes to many events, such as development, adaptation to changing environment, and genome evolution. Allelic diversity is generally defined by the difference in nucleotide sequences that code for a gene. However, a heritable epigenetic modification, in which the modification is attributable to the degree of methylation ...
DOI:
10.1271/bbb.70339

5. Expression of the Human Sda β-1,4-N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferase II Gene is Dependent on the Promoter Methylation Status

Author:
Wang, Hou-Ren; Hsieh, Chuang-Yi; Twu, Yuh-Ching; Yu, Lung-Chih
Source:
Glycobiology 2008 v.18 no.1 pp. 104-113
ISSN:
0959-6658
Subject:
DNA methylation; antigens; cell lines; colon; colorectal neoplasms; demethylation; exons; galactosyltransferases; gene expression; genomic islands; humans; messenger RNA; metastasis; neoplasm cells; promoter regions; stomach neoplasms; tissues
Abstract:
... It has been noted that the expression of Sda, including its antigenic structure, the β-1,4-N-acetylgalactosyltransferase II (β4GalNAcT-II) activity responsible for its formation, and the Sda β4GalNAcT-II mRNA transcript, is drastically reduced in oncogenetic processes in gastrointestinal tissues. Markedly reduced metastatic potential has been demonstrated in colon and gastric cancer cells transfec ...
DOI:
10.1093/glycob/cwm120

6. Alterations in inheritance pattern and level of cytosine DNA methylation, and their relationship with heterosis in rice

Author:
Sakthivel, K.; Girishkumar, K.; Ramkumar, G.; Shenoy, V. V.; Kajjidoni, S. T.; Salimath, P. M.
Source:
Euphytica 2010 v.175 no.3 pp. 303-314
ISSN:
0014-2336
Subject:
Oryza sativa; rice; inheritance (genetics); DNA methylation; cytosine; heterosis; hybridization; hybrids; epigenetics; leaves; developmental stages; genetic polymorphism; genetic techniques and protocols; loci; plant proteins; grain yield
Abstract:
... Novel hybrid-specific/heterotic gene expression patterns observed from expression studies suggest the need to characterize the underlying regulatory mechanism(s) to reveal the biological basis of heterosis in crop plants. To gain an insight into the molecular basis of heterosis in rice, we investigated the inheritance pattern and level of cytosine methylation, a major epigenetic regulatory mechani ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10681-010-0167-2

7. RNA-mediated epigenetic modifications of an endogenous gene targeted by a viral vector : A potent gene silencing system to produce a plant that does not carry a transgene but has altered traits

Author:
Akira Kanazawa; Jun-ichi Inaba; Megumi Kasai; Hanako Shimura; Chikara Masuta
Source:
Plant signaling & behavior 2011 v.6 no.8 pp. 1090-1093
ISSN:
1559-2324
Subject:
Arabidopsis; Cucumber mosaic virus; DNA methylation; RNA interference; Solanum lycopersicum; demethylation; double-stranded RNA; epigenetics; gene expression; messenger RNA; phenotypic plasticity; plant diseases and disorders; plant viruses; small interfering RNA; tomatoes; transcription (genetics); transgenes
Abstract:
... Nucleotide-sequence-specific interactions mediated by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) can induce gene silencing. Gene silencing through transcriptional repression can be induced by dsRNA targeted to a gene promoter. However, until recently, no plant has been produced that harbors an endogenous gene that remains silenced in the absence of promoter-targeting dsRNA. We have reported for the first time th ...
DOI:
10.4161/psb.6.8.16046
PubMed:
21772121
PubMed Central:
PMC3260699

8. 5-Carboxylcytosine is localized to euchromatic regions in the nuclei of follicular cells in axolotl ovary

Author:
Anthony Alioui; Lee M. Wheldon; Abdulkadir Abakir; Zoltan Ferjentsik; Andrew D. Johnson; Alexey Ruzov
Source:
Nucleus 2012 v.3 no.6 pp. 565-569
ISSN:
1949-1042
Subject:
5-methylcytosine; demethylation; epigenetics; genes; mice
Abstract:
... 5-Methylcytosine (5-mC) is an epigenetic modification associated with gene repression. Recent studies demonstrated that 5-mC can be enzymatically oxidised into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and further into 5-formylcytosine (5-fC) and 5-carboxylcytsine (5-caC). 5-caC has been found in embryonic stem cells and in mouse pre-implantation embryos but no detectable levels of this modification have been repor ...
DOI:
10.4161/nucl.22799
PubMed:
23138778
PubMed Central:
PMC3515539

9. Epigenetic stability, adaptability, and reversibility in human embryonic stem cells

Author:
Joshua D. Tompkins; Christine Hall; Vincent Chang-yi Chen; Arthur Xuejun Li; Xiwei Wu; David Hsu; Larry A. Couture; Arthur D. Riggs
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2012 v.109 no.31 pp. 12544-12549
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
DNA methylation; embryonic stem cells; epigenetics; genes; humans; transcription (genetics)
Abstract:
... The stability of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) is of critical importance for both experimental and clinical applications. We find that as an initial response to altered culture conditions, hESCs change their transcription profile for hundreds of genes and their DNA methylation profiles for several genes outside the core pluripotency network. After adaption to conditions of feeder-free defined ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.1209620109
PubMed:
22802633
PubMed Central:
PMC3411986

10. Selenium and spermine alleviate cadmium induced toxicity in the red seaweed Gracilaria dura by regulating antioxidants and DNA methylation

Author:
Manoj Kumar; A.J. Bijo; Ravi S. Baghel; C.R.K. Reddy; Bhavanath Jha
Source:
Plant physiology and biochemistry 2012 v.51 no. pp. 129-138
ISSN:
0981-9428
Subject:
DNA; DNA methylation; Gracilaria; algae; cadmium; culture media; cytosine; demethylation; glutathione peroxidase; glutathione-disulfide reductase; lipoxygenases; malondialdehyde; omega-6 fatty acids; oxidative stress; phycobiliprotein; phytochelatins; plant physiology; protective effect; putrescine; selenium; spermine; superoxide dismutase; toxicity
Abstract:
... The protective role of exogenously supplied selenium (Se) and polyamines (PAs) such as putrescine (Put) and spermine (Spm) in detoxifying the cadmium (Cd) induced toxicity was studied in the marine red alga Gracilaria dura in laboratory conditions. The Cd exposure (0.4 mM) impede the growth of alga while triggering the reactive oxygen species (ROS viz. O₂ •⁻ and H₂O₂) generation, inhibition of ant ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.plaphy.2011.10.016

11. Establishing epigenetic variation during genome reprogramming

Author:
Filipe Borges; Robert A. Martienssen
Source:
RNA biology 2013 v.10 no.4 pp. 490-494
ISSN:
1555-8584
Subject:
Arabidopsis thaliana; DNA methylation; RNA; alleles; demethylation; epigenetics; gene silencing; germ cells; inbred lines; inheritance (genetics); males; mutation; phenotypic variation; pollen; transcription (genetics); transposons
Abstract:
... Transgenerational reprogramming of DNA methylation is important for transposon silencing and epigenetic inheritance. A stochastic regulation of methylation states in the germline may lead to epigenetic variation and the formation of epialleles that contribute to phenotypic variation. In Arabidopsis thaliana inbred lines, the frequency of single base variation of DNA methylation is much higher than ...
DOI:
10.4161/rna.24085
PubMed:
23774895
PubMed Central:
PMC3710355

12. Oxygen, epigenetic signaling, and the evolution of early life

Author:
Albert Jeltsch
Source:
Trends in biochemical sciences 2013 v.38 pp. 172-176
ISSN:
0968-0004
Subject:
Animalia; DNA; DNA methylation; animals; cell differentiation; epigenetics; evolution; histones; lysine; oxygen; oxygenases
Abstract:
... After approximately 3 billion years of unicellular life on Earth, multicellular animals appeared some 600 million years ago, followed by the rapid emergence of most animal phyla during the Cambrian radiation. This evolutionary jump was paralleled by an increase in atmospheric oxygen, which I propose allowed the generation of epigenetic signaling systems that are essential for cellular differentiat ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tibs.2013.02.001

13. Altered chromatin condensation of heat-stressed spermatozoa perturbs the dynamics of DNA methylation reprogramming in the paternal genome after in vitro fertilisation in cattle

Author:
Mohammad Bozlur Rahman; Md. Mostofa Kamal; Tom Rijsselaere; Leen Vandaele; Mohammed Shamsuddin; Ann Van Soom
Source:
Reproduction, fertility, and development 2014 v.26 no.8 pp. 1107-1116
ISSN:
1031-3613
Subject:
insemination; pronucleus; DNA methylation; fluorescence; DNA; cattle; genome; zygote; spermatozoa; chromatin; oocytes; in vitro fertilization
Abstract:
... Shortly after penetration of the oocyte, sperm DNA is actively demethylated, which is required for totipotent zygotic development. Aberrant DNA methylation is thought to be associated with altered chromatin condensation of spermatozoa. The objectives of this study were to investigate the dynamics of DNA methylation reprogramming in the paternal pronucleus and subsequent fertilisation potential of ...
DOI:
10.1071/RD13218
PubMed:
24041366

14. Changes in DNA Methylation and Chromatin Structure of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines Stimulated by LPS in Broiler Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

Author:
Jing Shen; Yanli Liu; Xiaochun Ren; Kang Gao; Yulong Li; Shizhao Li; Junhu Yao; Xiaojun Yang
Source:
Poultry science 2016 v.95 no.7 pp. 1636-1645
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
DNA; DNA methylation; autoimmune diseases; chromatin; demethylation; epigenetics; gene expression; genes; histone acetyltransferase; histone deacetylase; inflammation; interleukin-1beta; interleukin-6; lipopolysaccharides; messenger RNA; methyltransferases; mononuclear leukocytes; promoter regions; tumor necrosis factor-alpha
Abstract:
... The pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α mediate inflammation, which is a protective response by body to ensure removal of detrimental stimuli, as well as a healing process for repairing damaged tissue. The overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines can induce autoimmune diseases and can be fatal. The aim of this study was to investigate epigenetic mechanisms ...
DOI:
10.3382/ps/pew086

15. Genistein Prevents BRCA1 CpG Methylation and Proliferation in Human Breast Cancer Cells with Activated Aromatic Hydrocarbon Receptor

Author:
Donato F Romagnolo; Micah G Donovan; Andreas J Papoutsis; Tom C Doetschman; Ornella I Selmin
Source:
Current developments in nutrition 2017 v.1 no.6 pp. -
ISSN:
2475-2991
Subject:
DNA; DNA methylation; agonists; antagonists; breast neoplasms; cell growth; cell proliferation; cyclins; cytochrome P-450; demethylation; epigallocatechin gallate; estrogen receptors; estrogens; etiology; flavones; gene expression; genistein; human cell lines; messenger RNA; methyltransferases; neoplasm cells; protein synthesis; prototypes; tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin; tumor suppressor proteins
Abstract:
... Background: Previous studies have suggested a causative role for agonists of the aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in the etiology of breast cancer 1, early-onset (BRCA-1)–silenced breast tumors, for which prospects for treatment remain poor. Objectives: We investigated the regulation of BRCA1 by the soy isoflavone genistein (GEN) in human estrogen receptor α (ERα)–positive Michigan Cancer Found ...
DOI:
10.3945/cdn.117.000562
PubMed:
29955703
PubMed Central:
PMC5998349

16. Genome-wide analysis of cytosine DNA methylation revealed salicylic acid promotes defense pathways over seedling development in pearl millet

Author:
Baba Ngom; Ibrahima Sarr; Josphert Kimatu; Edward Mamati; Ndjido Ardo Kane
Source:
Plant signaling & behavior 2017 v.12 no.9 pp. e1356967
ISSN:
1559-2324
Subject:
DNA; DNA methylation; Pennisetum glaucum; abiotic stress; cytosine; demethylation; epigenetics; gene expression; gene expression regulation; genes; genome-wide association study; genotype; pathogens; pests; photosensitivity; phytophagous insects; root growth; salicylic acid; seedlings
Abstract:
... Cytosine DNA methylation is an epigenetic regulatory system used by plants to control gene expression. Methylation pattern always changes after abiotic stresses, pathogens and pest infections or after a treatment with salicylic acid (SA). The latter is a key player in plant development and defense against insect herbivores, pathogens, and abiotic stresses. The roles of SA on the methylation patter ...
DOI:
10.1080/15592324.2017.1356967
PubMed:
28758879
PubMed Central:
PMC5640191

17. Reactivation of development-related genes by the DNA methylation inhibitor 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine in chicken embryo fibroblasts

Author:
Shihao Chen; Xuming Hu; Wenqi Zhu; Chongxin Jia; Xiao Han; Junting Yuan; Zhen Sun; Zhe Yang; Tuoyu Geng; Hengmi Cui
Source:
Poultry science 2017 v.96 no.4 pp. 1007-1014
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
DNA demethylation; DNA methylation; DNA methyltransferase; RNA; blood; cell differentiation; chick embryos; chickens; cluster analysis; fibroblasts; gene expression regulation; mesenchymal stromal cells
Abstract:
... It has been clearly demonstrated that DNA methyltransferase inhibition can induce embryonic stem cells to differentiate into cells of specific tissues by altering the genes expression. Chicken embryonic fibroblasts (CEFs) are mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-like multipotent progenitor cells and can both self-renew and undergo differentiation. In this study, we hypothesize that DNA demethylation may le ...
DOI:
10.3382/ps/pew378

18. The chemistries and consequences of DNA and RNA methylation and demethylation

Author:
Franziska R. Traube; Thomas Carell
Source:
RNA biology 2017 v.14 no.9 pp. 1099-1107
ISSN:
1555-8584
Subject:
DNA; DNA methylation; RNA; adenine; antibiotics; bacteria; cytosine; demethylation; gene expression; genes; neoplasms; promoter regions; translation (genetics)
Abstract:
... Chemical modification of nucleobases plays an important role for the control of gene expression on different levels. That includes the modulation of translation by modified tRNA-bases or silencing and reactivation of genes by methylation and demethylation of cytosine in promoter regions. Especially dynamic methylation of adenine and cytosine is essential for cells to adapt to their environment or ...
DOI:
10.1080/15476286.2017.1318241
PubMed:
28440690
PubMed Central:
PMC5699545

19. Analysis of sulphur and chlorine induced DNA cytosine methylation alterations in fresh corn (Zea mays L. saccharata and rugosa) leaf tissues by methylation sensitive amplification polymorphism (MSAP) approach

Author:
Tinashe Zenda; Songtao Liu; Daxuan Yao; Huijun Duan
Source:
Genes & genomics 2018 v.40 no.9 pp. 913-925
ISSN:
1976-9571
Subject:
DNA; DNA methylation; Zea mays; abiotic stress; chlorine; corn; crops; cultivars; cytosine; demethylation; filling period; genome; hybrids; leaves; loci; oligodeoxyribonucleotides; photosynthates; soil fertility; stress response; sulfur; tissues
Abstract:
... DNA (cytosine) methylation mechanism is another way through which plants respond to various cues including soil fertility amendments and abiotic stresses, and the mechanism has been used to infer some physiological, biochemical or adaptation processes. Despite numerous studies on global DNA methylation profiling in various crop species, however, researches on fresh corn (Zea mays L. saccharata or ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13258-018-0685-1

20. Bisphenol A: What lies beneath its induced diabetes and the epigenetic modulation?

Author:
Soheila Rahmani; Nazila Pour Khalili; Fazlullah Khan; Shokoufeh Hassani; Elmira Ghafour-Boroujerdi; Mohammad Abdollahi
Source:
Life sciences 2018 v.214 pp. 136-144
ISSN:
0024-3205
Subject:
DNA methylation; adipocytes; animals; bisphenol A; demethylation; endocrine-disrupting chemicals; epigenetics; estrogenic properties; fatty liver; genes; glucose; histones; homeostasis; insulin; islets of Langerhans; lipids; liver; microRNA; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; obesity; pollution; skeletal muscle; toxicity
Abstract:
... Nowadays, endocrine disrupting chemical pollution has become one of the major concerns due to the potential role of these chemicals in provoking endocrine disorders especially type 2 diabetes. As a widespread endocrine disrupting chemical, Bisphenol A, with modest estrogenic activity can exert its detrimental effects in the different organs involved in type 2 diabetes such as pancreas, liver, adip ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.lfs.2018.10.044