Subject term: Europe and Picea abies / Text availability: Citation in PubAg

1. Changes of tree stem biomass in European forests since 1950

Author:: Aleksandr Lebedev; Valery Kuzmichev
Source:: Journal of Forest Science v.68 no.3 pp. 107-115
ISSN:: 1212-4834
Subject:: Betula pendula; Picea abies; bark; biomass; carbon sequestration; forests; trees; wood; wood density; wood volume; Europe
Abstract:: ... Based on the measurements of the biomass of the stems of 3 699 trees of Scots pine, Norway spruce, and silver birch in Europe since 1950, it has been shown that these tree species show a reduction in biomass and wood density. These results contradict the fact that the volume of wood is directly converted to biomass using the historical values of the conversion rates. From 1950 to 2020 the biomass ...
DOI:: 10.17221/135/2021-jfs
: https://doi.org/10.17221/135/2021-jfs

2. Temperature effect on size distributions in spruce-fir-beech mixed stands across Europe

Author:: Sonia Condés; Miren del Río; David I. Forrester; Admir Avdagić; Kamil Bielak; Andrej Bončina; Michal Bosela; Torben Hilmers; Aida Ibrahimspahić; Stanisław Drozdowski; Andrzej Jaworski; Thomas A. Nagel; Zuzana Sitková; Jerzy Skrzyszewski; Roberto Tognetti; Giustino Tonon; Tzvetan Zlatanov; Hans Pretzsch
Source:: Forest ecology and management 2022 v.504 pp. 119819
ISSN:: 0378-1127
Subject:: Abies alba; Fagus sylvatica subsp. sylvatica; Picea abies; administrative management; climate change; climatic factors; forest ecology; models; socioeconomics; stand basal area; temperature; trees; Europe
Abstract:: ... Forest composed of Picea abiesL., Abies alba Mill. and Fagus sylvatica L. cover a large area in the European mountain regions and have a high ecological and socio-economic importance as they supply many ecosystems services. Because of climate change, these forests are exposed to warming, and this effect increases with elevation, which may impact their delivery of goods and services. Previous studi ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119819
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119819

3. Effectiveness of new molecules against widespread moulds for food-safe hardwood and softwood packaging

Author:: Luana Giordano; Paolo Gonthier; Francesco Negro; Roberto Zanuttini; Corrado Cremonini
Source:: European journal of wood and wood products 2021 v.79 no.1 pp. 227-236
ISSN:: 0018-3768
Subject:: Fagus sylvatica subsp. sylvatica; Penicillium; Picea abies; Pinus strobus; Populus; Trichoderma; conidia; food industry; fungi; hardwood; morphs; mycelium; potassium sorbate; raw fruit; softwood; sporulation; supply chain; Europe
Abstract:: ... Wood packaging materials (WPMs) are widely used for collecting, storing and trading a wide range of products, including fresh fruit, vegetables and grains. The occurrence of moulds on WPMs used in the food industry must be avoided at every stage of the supply chain. This study aimed at (1) characterising fungal mould populations developing on fresh boards of hardwoods (European beech and poplar) a ...
DOI:: 10.1007/s00107-020-01626-6
: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-020-01626-6

4. Historical mixed-severity disturbances shape current diameter distributions of primary temperate Norway spruce mountain forests in Europe

Author:: Ruffy Rodrigo; Joseph L. Pettit; Radim Matula; Daniel Kozák; Radek Bače; Jakob Pavlin; Pavel Janda; Martin Mikoláš; Thomas A. Nagel; Jonathan Schurman; Volodymyr Trotsiuk; Ondřej Vostarek; Michal Frankovič; Jessika M. Pettit; Arne Buechling; Vojtěch Čada; Krešimir Begovič; Oleh Chaskovskyy; Marius Teodosiu; Mélanie Saulnier; Martin Dušátko; Tomáš Kníř; Ondrej Kameniar; Jakub Málek; Michal Synek; Rhiannon Gloor; Miroslav Svoboda
Source:: Forest ecology and management 2022 v.503 pp. 119772
ISSN:: 0378-1127
Subject:: Picea abies; administrative management; biomass; data collection; dendroecology; forest dynamics; global change; trees; Europe
Abstract:: ... Natural disturbances strongly influence forest structural dynamics, and subsequently stand structural heterogeneity, biomass, and forest functioning. The impact of disturbance legacies on current forest structure can greatly influence how we interpret drivers of forest dynamics. However, without clear insight into forest history, many studies default to coarse assumptions about forest structure, f ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119772
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119772

5. Mixing effects on Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) productivity along a climatic gradient across Europe

Author:: Ricardo Ruiz-Peinado; Hans Pretzsch; Magnus Löf; Michael Heym; Kamil Bielak; Jorge Aldea; Ignacio Barbeito; Gediminas Brazaitis; Lars Drössler; Kšištof Godvod; Aksel Granhus; Stig-Olof Holm; Aris Jansons; Ekaterina Makrickienė; Marek Metslaid; Sandra Metslaid; Arne Nothdurft; Ditlev Otto Juel Reventlow; Roman Sitko; Gintarė Stankevičienė; Miren del Río
Source:: Forest ecology and management 2021 v.482 pp. 118834
ISSN:: 0378-1127
Subject:: Picea abies; Pinus sylvestris; administrative management; forest ecology; stand structure; tree and stand measurements; Europe
Abstract:: ... Mixed-species stands have been found to be more productive than would be expected from the performance of their component species in monocultures due to facilitation and complementarity between species, although these interactions depend on the combination of species present. Our study focuses on monospecific and mixed-species stands of Scots pine and Norway spruce using 20 triplets established in ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118834
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118834

6. Molecular and Chemical Screening for Inherent Disease Resistance Factors of Norway Spruce (Picea abies) Clones Against Conifer Stem Rot Pathogen Heterobasidion parviporum

Author:: Mengxia Liu; Kai Wang; Rajendra P. Ghimire; Matti Haapanen; Minna Kivimäenpää; Fred O. Asiegbu
Source:: Phytopathology 2022 v.112 no.4 pp. 872-880
ISSN:: 0031-949X
Subject:: Heterobasidion annosum; Picea abies; biomarkers; biosynthesis; conifers; disease resistance; flavonoids; lignin; monoterpenoids; pathogens; plant pathology; sesquiterpenoids; stem rot; transcription (genetics); Europe
Abstract:: ... Root and stem rot of conifer trees caused by Heterobasidion annosum species complex leads to huge economic losses in Europe, yet not much is known about the molecular and chemical basis for host resistance. To identify inherent chemical or molecular markers in clones found to be either resistant or susceptible, we sampled needle tissues of all the clones before pathogen inoculation. We conducted a ...
DOI:: 10.1094/PHYTO-09-21-0379-R
: https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-09-21-0379-R

7. Non-native Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) in Central Europe: Ecology, performance and nature conservation

Author:: Frank M. Thomas; Andreas Rzepecki; Willy Werner
Source:: Forest ecology and management 2022 v.506 pp. 119956
ISSN:: 0378-1127
Subject:: Picea abies; Pseudotsuga menziesii; aluminum; animals; carbon; climate change; decision making; drought tolerance; fauna; forest management; forest trees; forests; introduced species; natural resources conservation; nitrates; nitrification; nitrogen; nutrient uptake; nutrient use efficiency; silviculture; soil; soil acidification; species diversity; water stress; water use efficiency; Central European region; Europe; North America
Abstract:: ... Against the background of the ongoing climate change, forest science and Central-European forest management need information about tree species that are suitable of forming resistant and resilient multispecific and multipurpose forest stands. Non-native species are also considered for this purpose. One of these species may be the Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), which has been introduced from ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119956
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119956

8. The spatio-temporal pattern of release signals and tree growth in Fagus-Abies-Picea old-growth forests reveals unsteady gap-phase dynamics

Author:: Rafał Jastrzębski; Jarosław Paluch
Source:: Forest ecology and management 2022 v.503 pp. 119743
ISSN:: 0378-1127
Subject:: Abies alba; Fagus sylvatica; Picea abies; administrative management; growth rings; models; species diversity; stand density; stand development; tree growth; trees; Carpathian region; Central European region; Europe
Abstract:: ... Disturbances have been recognized as a key factor shaping the species composition, structure and dynamics of natural forest ecosystems. In Europe, where forests driven by spontaneous processes have survived in relic form, knowledge about natural disturbance regimes is still fragmentary. To expand this knowledge, we reconstructed stand-level growth and analyzed the spatio-temporal pattern of releas ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119743
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119743

9. Tree growth as affected by stem and crown structure

Author:: Hans Pretzsch
Source:: Trees 2021 v.35 no.3 pp. 947-960
ISSN:: 0931-1890
Subject:: Fagus sylvatica subsp. sylvatica; Picea abies; Pinus sylvestris; Quercus petraea; allometry; forest restoration; forests; growth rings; models; prediction; stand density; stem elongation; tree age; tree growth; trees; Europe
Abstract:: ... KEY MESSAGE: Prediction of tree growth based on size or mass as proposed by the Metabolic Scaling Theory is an over-simplification and can be significantly improved by consideration of stem and crown morphology. Tree growth and metabolic scaling theory, as well as corresponding growth equations, use tree volume or mass as predictors for growth. However, this may be an over-simplification, as the f ...
DOI:: 10.1007/s00468-021-02092-0
: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-021-02092-0

10. Variation in Downed Deadwood Density, Biomass, and Moisture during Decomposition in a Natural Temperate Forest

Author:: Tomáš Přívětivý; Pavel Šamonil
Source:: Forests 2021 v.12 no.10 pp. -
ISSN:: 1999-4907
Subject:: Abies alba; Fagus sylvatica; Picea abies; biodiversity; biomass; carbon; dead wood; death; dendrochronology; models; prediction; regression analysis; sapwood; temperate forests; topographic slope; trees; water content; wood density; Central European region; Europe
Abstract:: ... Deadwood is a resource of water, nutrients, and carbon, as well as an important driving factor of spatial pedocomplexity and hillslope processes in forested landscapes. The applicability of existing relevant studies in mountain forests in Central Europe is limited by the low number of data, absence of precise dating, and short time periods studied. Here, we aimed to assess the decomposition pathwa ...
DOI:: 10.3390/f12101352
: https://doi.org/10.3390/f12101352

11. Integrative taxonomy reveals overlooked cryptic diversity in the conifer feeding Batrachedra pinicolella (Zeller, 1839) (Lepidoptera, Batrachedridae)

Author:: Kai Berggren; Leif Aarvik; Peter Huemer; Kyung Min Lee; Marko Mutanen
Source:: ZooKeys 2022 v.1085 pp. 165-182
ISSN:: 1313-2970
Subject:: DNA barcoding; Lepidoptera; Picea abies; Pinus sylvestris; conifers; host plants; lectotypes; Canada; Central European region; Europe
Abstract:: ... AbstractDuring efforts to generate DNA barcodes for all European Lepidoptera, Batrachedra pinicolella (Zeller, 1839) was found to comprise two genetically distinct clusters. Morphological investigation and results from two nuclear markers and ddRAD sequencing furthermore support the existence of two distinct taxa which we treat as two separate species, B. pinicolella and B. confusella sp. nov. A ...
DOI:: 10.3897/zookeys.1085.76853
: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1085.76853

12. Asynchrony and Time-Lag between Primary and Secondary Growth of Norway Spruce Growing in Different Elevations

Author:: Ondřej Nezval; Jan Krejza; Michal Bellan; Jan Světlík
Source:: Forests 2021 v.12 no.5 pp. -
ISSN:: 1999-4907
Subject:: Picea abies; apical meristems; dendrometers; forests; health status; microclimate; mortality; phenology; temperature; weather; Europe
Abstract:: ... Norway spruce is one of the most economically important coniferous species in Europe, but it has faced high mortality rates in the last few decades due to the increasing frequency of extreme weather events. Primary and secondary growth development may be affected by these non-optimal conditions. In this study, we aimed to analyze the timing, possible asynchrony and time-lag between the growth proc ...
DOI:: 10.3390/f12050627
: https://doi.org/10.3390/f12050627

13. Bark stripping, the crucial factor affecting stem rot development and timber production of Norway spruce forests in Central Europe

Author:: Zdeněk Vacek; Jan Cukor; Rostislav Linda; Stanislav Vacek; Václav Šimůnek; Jakub Brichta; Josef Gallo; Anna Prokůpková
Source:: Forest ecology and management 2020 v.474 pp. 118360
ISSN:: 0378-1127
Subject:: Cervus elaphus; Cervus nippon; Picea abies; administrative management; air temperature; bark; climate change; decayed wood; deer; forests; stem rot; timber production; tree age; trees; wildlife damage management; Central European region; Europe
Abstract:: ... Bark stripping damage and the resultant stem rot to Norway spruce (Picea abies [L]. Karst), one of the most important tree species, poses a serious problem for forest management in Europe. Our research objective was to determine the effect of bark stripping, the subsequent rot decay and the impact of climatic factors in young (42–49 years) spruce stands. Moreover, we compared the differences betwe ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118360
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118360

14. Chlorophyll pigment and needle macronutrient responses and interactions to soil moisture and atmospheric CO2 treatments of eight pine and spruce species

Author:: John E. Major; Alex Mosseler
Source:: Trees 2021 v.35 no.6 pp. 2069-2085
ISSN:: 0931-1890
Subject:: Picea abies; Pinus strobus; biomass; carbon dioxide; carotenoids; chlorophyll; drought; photosynthesis; reforestation; soil water; trees; Europe; North America
Abstract:: ... KEY MESSAGE: Large differences were detected between genera and among species in chlorophyll pigment and macronutrient concentrations. Pines have greater variances than spruces and showed less downregulation of chlorophyll pigment concentrations than spruces in response to eCO₂ and DRT. There was strong genetic control of chlorophyll pigments and most macronutrients. Chlorophyll pigment and needle ...
DOI:: 10.1007/s00468-021-02173-0
: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-021-02173-0

15. Development of a highly efficient 50K single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping array for the large and complex genome of Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst) by whole genome resequencing and its transferability to other spruce species

Author:: Carolina Bernhardsson; Yanjun Zan; Zhiqiang Chen; Pär K. Ingvarsson; Harry X. Wu
Source:: Molecular ecology resources 2021 v.21 no.3 pp. 880-896
ISSN:: 1755-098X
Subject:: Picea abies; Picea glauca; Picea mariana; Picea sitchensis; conifers; ecology; environmental impact; forest trees; genes; genome assembly; genomics; genotype; genotyping; haploidy; marker-assisted selection; single nucleotide polymorphism; single nucleotide polymorphism arrays; Europe; Northern European region
Abstract:: ... Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst) is one of the most important forest tree species with significant economic and ecological impact in Europe. For decades, genomic and genetic studies on Norway spruce have been challenging due to the large and repetitive genome (19.6 Gb with more than 70% being repetitive). To accelerate genomic studies, including population genetics, genome‐wide association stu ...
DOI:: 10.1111/1755-0998.13292
: https://doi.org/10.1111/1755-0998.13292

16. Disturbance history is a key driver of tree life span in temperate primary forests

Author:: Jakob Pavlin; Thomas A. Nagel; Marek Svitok; Joseph L. Pettit; Krešimir Begović; Stjepan Mikac; Abdulla Dikku; Elvin Toromani; Momchil Panayotov; Tzvetan Zlatanov; Ovidiu Haruta; Sorin Dorog; Oleh Chaskovskyy; Martin Mikoláš; Pavel Janda; Michal Frankovič; Ruffy Rodrigo; Ondřej Vostarek; Michal Synek; Martin Dušátko; Tomáš Kníř; Daniel Kozák; Ondrej Kameniar; Radek Bače; Vojtěch Čada; Volodymyr Trotsiuk; Jonathan S. Schurman; Mélanie Saulnier; Arne Buechling; Miroslav Svoboda
Source:: Journal of vegetation science 2021 v.32 no.5 pp. e13069
ISSN:: 1100-9233
Subject:: Abies alba; Acer pseudoplatanus; Fagus sylvatica; Picea abies; forest dynamics; global change; growth rings; life history; longevity; temperature; trees; Europe
Abstract:: ... AIMS: We examined differences in life span among the dominant tree species (spruce, Picea abies; fir, Abies alba; beech, Fagus sylvatica; and maple, Acer pseudoplatanus) across primary mountain forests of Europe. We asked how disturbance history, lifetime growth patterns, and environmental factors influence life span. LOCATIONS: Balkan Mountains, Carpathian Mountains, Dinaric Mountains. METHODS: A ...
DOI:: 10.1111/jvs.13069
: https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.13069

17. Ecology versus society: Impacts of bark beetle infestations on biodiversity and restorativeness in protected areas of Central Europe

Author:: Mareike Kortmann; Jörg C. Müller; Roland Baier; Claus Bässler; Jörn Buse; Olga Cholewińska; Marc I. Förschler; Kostadin B. Georgiev; Jacek Hilszczański; Bogdan Jaroszewicz; Tomasz Jaworski; Stefan Kaufmann; Dries Kuijper; Janina Lorz; Annette Lotz; Anna Łubek; Marius Mayer; Simone Mayerhofer; Stefan Meyer; Jérôme Morinière; Flavius Popa; Hannah Reith; Nicolas Roth; Sebastian Seibold; Rupert Seidl; Elisa Stengel; Grzegorz J. Wolski; Simon Thorn
Source:: Biological conservation 2021 v.254 pp. 108931
ISSN:: 0006-3207
Subject:: Picea abies; arthropods; bark beetle infestations; bark beetles; biomass; cognition; forests; humans; landscapes; society; species richness; Central European region; Europe
Abstract:: ... Protected areas worldwide are important to maintaining biodiversity and providing recreational opportunities to society. However, many protected areas are affected by unprecedented, large and severe natural disturbances, like bark beetle outbreaks. Due to the contrasting responses of different taxonomic groups to disturbance events and largely negative human perceptions of disturbed landscapes, th ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108931
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108931

18. Effects of heat on the dispersal performance of Ips typographus

Author:: Jonas Hinze; Reinhold John
Source:: Journal of applied entomology 2020 v.144 no.1-2 pp. 144-151
ISSN:: 0931-2048
Subject:: Ips typographus; Picea abies; air; air temperature; bark; bark beetles; climate change; entomology; flight; heat; surveys; weather; Europe
Abstract:: ... Under present climate conditions, Ips typographus (L.) is Europe's most critical disturbance agent for mature Norway spruce (Picea abies). With ongoing climate change, the bark beetle will most probably become more prominent as a pest. The aim of this study was to analyse the dispersal performance of I. typographus under various weather conditions, especially hot days with a maximum air temperatur ...
DOI:: 10.1111/jen.12718
: https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.12718

19. Evidence of elevation-specific growth changes of spruce, fir, and beech in European mixed mountain forests during the last three centuries

Author:: Hans Pretzsch; Torben Hilmers; Peter Biber; Admir Avdagić; Franz Binder; Andrej Bončina; Michal Bosela; Laura Dobor; David I. Forrester; Mathieu Lévesque; Aida Ibrahimspahić; Thomas A. Nagel; Miren del Río; Zuzana Sitkova; Gerhard Schütze; Branko Stajić; Dejan Stojanović; Enno Uhl; Tzvetan Zlatanov; Roberto Tognetti
Source:: Canadian journal of forest research 2020 v.50 no.7 pp. 689-703
ISSN:: 1208-6037
Subject:: Abies alba; Fagus sylvatica subsp. sylvatica; Picea abies; climate; ecosystems; growth rings; interspecific competition; research; Europe
Abstract:: ... In Europe, mixed mountain forests, primarily comprised of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.), silver fir (Abies alba Mill.), and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), cover about 10 × 10⁶ ha at elevations between ∼600 and 1600 m a.s.l. These forests provide invaluable ecosystem services. However, the growth of these forests and the competition among their main species are expected to be strong ...
DOI:: 10.1139/cjfr-2019-0368
: https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2019-0368

20. Fire‐ and herbivory‐driven consumer control in a savanna‐like temperate wood‐pasture: An experimental approach

Author:: Karin Amsten; Joris P. G. M. Cromsigt; Dries P. J. Kuijper; Jenny M. Loberg; Marcin Churski; Mats Niklasson
Source:: journal of ecology 2021 v.109 no.12 pp. 4103-4114
ISSN:: 0022-0477
Subject:: Betula pendula; Picea abies; Pinus sylvestris; Quercus robur; Tilia cordata; herbivores; species diversity; Europe
Abstract:: ... Fire and herbivory are fundamental top‐down processes, structuring grass–tree ratios in ecosystems across a diversity of climates. Both are plant consumers that can strongly control the recruitment of woody seedlings and saplings to taller height classes. Without consumer control, many grass‐dominated ecosystems would convert into woodlands or forests. While extensively studied in savannas, few ha ...
DOI:: 10.1111/1365-2745.13783
: https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.13783

21. Modelling the Material Resistance of Wood—Part 1: Utilizing Durability Test Data Based on Different Reference Wood Species

Author:: Gry Alfredsen; Christian Brischke; Brendan N. Marais; Robert F. A. Stein; Katrin Zimmer; Miha Humar
Source:: Forests 2021 v.12 no.5 pp. -
ISSN:: 1999-4907
Subject:: Coriolus versicolor; Fagus sylvatica subsp. sylvatica; Picea abies; Pinus sylvestris; Rhodonia placenta; durability; growth rings; prediction; sapwood; wood; Europe
Abstract:: ... To evaluate the performance of new wood-based products, reference wood species with known performances are included in laboratory and field trials. However, different wood species vary in their durability performance, and there will also be a within-species variation. The primary aim of this paper was to compare the material resistance against decay fungi and moisture performance of three European ...
DOI:: 10.3390/f12050558
: https://doi.org/10.3390/f12050558

22. Numerical study on the effects of macro climate and detailing on the relative decay hazard of Norway spruce

Author:: Jonas Niklewski; Christian Brischke; Eva Frühwald Hansson
Source:: Wood material science and engineering 2021 v.16 no.1 pp. 12-20
ISSN:: 1748-0280
Subject:: Picea abies; climate; durability; materials science; models; prediction; relative humidity; risk; wood; Europe
Abstract:: ... The durability of wood depends on its in-use environmental conditions. The aim of this study was to estimate the effects associated with macro climate and detail design as well as their interdependence. A numerical moisture model and two different decay prediction models were utilized for assessing the decay risk of a horizontal member and a joint exposed at 300 sites scattered across Europe. In g ...
DOI:: 10.1080/17480272.2019.1608296
: https://doi.org/10.1080/17480272.2019.1608296

23. Raman imaging reveals in-situ microchemistry of cuticle and epidermis of spruce needles

Author:: Nadia Sasani; Peter Bock; Martin Felhofer; Notburga Gierlinger
Source:: Plant methods 2021 v.17 no.1 pp. 17
ISSN:: 1746-4811
Subject:: Picea abies; Raman imaging; algorithms; calcium oxalate; cell walls; cluster analysis; coumaric acids; data collection; electron microscopy; flavonoids; lipids; microstructure; multivariate analysis; Europe
Abstract:: ... BACKGROUND: The cuticle is a protective layer playing an important role in plant defense against biotic and abiotic stresses. So far cuticle structure and chemistry was mainly studied by electron microscopy and chemical extraction. Thus, analysing composition involved sample destruction and the link between chemistry and microstructure remained unclear. In the last decade, Raman imaging showed hig ...
DOI:: 10.1186/s13007-021-00717-6
: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13007-021-00717-6

24. Root Rot Resistance Locus PaLAR3 Is Delivered by Somatic Embryogenesis (SE) Pipeline in Norway Spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.)

Author:: Jaanika Edesi; Mikko Tikkinen; Malin Elfstrand; Åke Olson; Saila Varis; Ulrika Egertsdotter; Tuija Aronen
Source:: Forests 2021 v.12 no.2 pp. -
ISSN:: 1999-4907
Subject:: Heterobasidion; Picea abies; alleles; forest pathogens; forests; heterozygosity; homozygosity; loci; plus trees; resistance genes; root rot; somatic embryogenesis; viability; Europe
Abstract:: ... Research Highlights: The Norway spruce somatic embryogenesis (SE) pipeline is suitable for multiplication of material with root rot resistance traits. Background and Objectives: Heterobasidion root rot is the economically most severe forest pathogen in Europe, reducing the benefit of planting elite forest material. In this study, the SE-propagation ability of elite Norway spruce material carrying ...
DOI:: 10.3390/f12020193
: https://doi.org/10.3390/f12020193

25. Simulating conversion of even-aged Norway spruce into uneven-aged mixed forest: effects of different scenarios on production, economy and heterogeneity

Author:: D. O. J. Reventlow; T. Nord-Larsen; P. Biber; T. Hilmers; H. Pretzsch
Source:: European journal of forest research 2021 v.140 no.4 pp. 1005-1027
ISSN:: 1612-4669
Subject:: Abies alba; Fagus sylvatica subsp. sylvatica; Picea abies; climate; discount rate; income; mean annual increment; mixed forests; research; shelterwood systems; stand age; trees; Europe
Abstract:: ... Despite a general lack of knowledge on the effects of different strategies, conversion of even-aged stands to uneven-aged forest is ongoing across Europe. Conversion of Bavarian Norway spruce stands under the present climate scenario was simulated using the individual tree simulator SILVA. Three conversion strategies initiated at two different stand ages, 30 and 60 years, were simulated to develop ...
DOI:: 10.1007/s10342-021-01381-0
: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-021-01381-0

26. Species stratification and weather conditions drive tree growth in Scots pine and Norway spruce mixed stands along Europe

Author:: Jorge Aldea; Ricardo Ruiz-Peinado; Miren del Río; Hans Pretzsch; Michael Heym; Gediminas Brazaitis; Aris Jansons; Marek Metslaid; Ignacio Barbeito; Kamil Bielak; Aksel Granhus; Stig-Olof Holm; Arne Nothdurft; Roman Sitko; Magnus Löf
Source:: Forest ecology and management 2021 v.481 pp. 118697
ISSN:: 0378-1127
Subject:: Picea abies; Pinus sylvestris; administrative management; canopy; climate change; cold; drought; ecological value; forest ecology; forest inventory; forest management; interspecific competition; statistical models; temperature; tree growth; trees; Europe
Abstract:: ... Mixed forests are suggested as a strategic adaptation of forest management to climate change. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) are tree species of high economic and ecological value for European forestry. Both species coexist naturally in a large part of their distributions but there is a lack of knowledge on the ecological functioning of mixtures of the ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118697
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118697

27. The GenTree Leaf Collection: Inter‐ and intraspecific leaf variation in seven forest tree species in Europe

Author:: Raquel Benavides; Bárbara Carvalho; Cristina C. Bastias; David López‐Quiroga; Antonio Mas; Stephen Cavers; Alan Gray; Audrey Albet; Ricardo Alía; Olivier Ambrosio; Filippos Aravanopoulos; Francisco Auñón; Camilla Avanzi; Evangelia V. Avramidou; Francesca Bagnoli; Eduardo Ballesteros; Evangelos Barbas; Catherine Bastien; Frédéric Bernier; Henry Bignalet; Damien Bouic; William Brunetto; Jurata Buchovska; Ana M. Cabanillas‐Saldaña; Nicolas Cheval; José M. Climent; Marianne Correard; Eva Cremer; Darius Danusevičius; Benjamin Dauphin; Fernando Del Caño; Jean‐Luc Denou; Bernard Dokhelar; Rémi Dourthe; Anna‐Maria Farsakoglou; Andreas Fera; Patrick Fonti; Ioannis Ganopoulos; José M. García del Barrio; Olivier Gilg; Santiago C. González‐Martínez; René Graf; Delphine Grivet; Felix Gugerli; Christoph Hartleitner; Katrin Heer; Enja Hollenbach; Agathe Hurel; Bernard Issehuth; Florence Jean; Veronique Jorge; Arnaud Jouineau; Jan‐Philipp Kappner; Katri Kärkkäinen; Robert Kesälahti; Florian Knutzen; Sonja T. Kujala; Timo Kumpula; Mariaceleste Labriola; Celine Lalanne; Johannes Lambertz; Martin Lascoux; Gregoire Le Provost; Mirko Liesebach; Ermioni Malliarou; Jérémy Marchon; Nicolas Mariotte; Elisabet Martínez‐Sancho; Silvia Matesanz; Helge Meischner; Célia Michotey; Pascal Milesi; Sandro Morganti; Tor Myking; Anne E. Nilsen; Eduardo Notivol; Lars Opgenoorth; Geir Østreng; Birte Pakull; Andrea Piotti; Christophe Plomion; Nicolas Poinot; Mehdi Pringarbe; Luc Puzos; Tanja Pyhäjärvi; Annie Raffin; José A. Ramírez‐Valiente; Christian Rellstab; Sebastian Richter; Juan J. Robledo‐Arnuncio; Sergio San Segundo; Outi Savolainen; Volker Schneck; Silvio Schueler; Ivan Scotti; Vladimir Semerikov; Jørn Henrik Sønstebø; Ilaria Spanu; Jean Thevenet; Mari Mette Tollefsrud; Norbert Turion; Giovanni Giuseppe Vendramin; Marc Villar; Johan Westin; Bruno Fady; Fernando Valladares
Source:: Global ecology and biogeography 2021 v.30 no.3 pp. 590-597
ISSN:: 1466-822X
Subject:: Betula pendula; Fagus sylvatica; Picea abies; Pinus pinaster; Pinus sylvestris; Populus nigra; Quercus petraea; biogeography; carbon; computer software; data collection; ecosystems; forest trees; forests; leaf area; leaves; nitrogen content; phenotypic variation; specific leaf area; stable isotopes; Europe
Abstract:: ... MOTIVATION: Trait variation within species can reveal plastic and/or genetic responses to environmental gradients, and may indicate where local adaptation has occurred. Here, we present a dataset of rangewide variation in leaf traits from seven of the most ecologically and economically important tree species in Europe. Sample collection and trait assessment are embedded in the GenTree project (EU‐ ...
DOI:: 10.1111/geb.13239
: https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13239

28. Tree diversity reduces the risk of bark beetle infestation for preferred conifer species, but increases the risk for less preferred hosts

Author:: Sylvie Berthelot; Tobias Frühbrodt; Peter Hajek; Charles A. Nock; Carsten F. Dormann; Jürgen Bauhus; Jochen Fründ
Source:: journal of ecology 2021 v.109 no.7 pp. 2649-2661
ISSN:: 0022-0477
Subject:: Larix decidua; Picea abies; Pinus; Pityogenes chalcographus; bark beetle infestations; bark beetles; conifers; drought; geographical distribution; risk; risk reduction; species richness; summer; trees; Europe; North America
Abstract:: ... In recent decades, European temperate forests have repeatedly suffered from severe droughts. Drought‐weakened forests have often become more susceptible to pest outbreaks such as bark beetle infestations. Tree species diversity is expected to increase resistance to drought and pests, but evidence for a positive tree diversity effect on insect pest reduction is largely circumstantial. Here we teste ...
DOI:: 10.1111/1365-2745.13672
: https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.13672

29. Using associational effects of European beech on Norway spruce to mitigate damage by a forest regeneration pest, the pine weevil Hylobius abietis

Author:: Amelia Tudoran; Helena Bylund; Göran Nordlander; Ion Oltean; Adriana Puentes
Source:: Forest ecology and management 2021 v.486 pp. 118980
ISSN:: 0378-1127
Subject:: Fagus sylvatica subsp. sylvatica; Hylobius abietis; Picea abies; administrative management; conifers; forest ecology; forest regeneration; insects; pests; seedlings; Europe
Abstract:: ... Forest regeneration can be compromised by insect damage to newly-planted conifer seedlings, with the pine weevil, Hylobius abietis, being the most economically important pest in Europe. Seedling protection strategies include physical barriers, silvicultural measures and insecticides, while the potential benefits of Associational Effects (AE) have been little explored. Associational Resistance (AR) ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.foreco.2021.118980
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.118980

30. Assessing transformation scenarios from pure Norway spruce to mixed uneven-aged forests in mountain areas

Author:: Torben Hilmers; Peter Biber; Thomas Knoke; Hans Pretzsch
Source:: European journal of forest research 2020 v.139 no.4 pp. 567-584
ISSN:: 1612-4669
Subject:: Abies alba; Fagus sylvatica subsp. sylvatica; Picea abies; biodiversity; carbon sequestration; clearcutting; climate; forest growth; research; rockfalls; shelterwood systems; Europe
Abstract:: ... Mixed mountain forests, primarily made up of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.), silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), cover about 10 × 10⁶ ha of submontane–subalpine altitudes in Europe. They provide invaluable ecosystem services, e.g. protection against avalanches, landslides or rockfall. However, pure Norway spruce stands have, since mediaeval times, been h ...
DOI:: 10.1007/s10342-020-01270-y
: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-020-01270-y

31. Association genetics identifies a specifically regulated Norway spruce laccase gene, PaLAC5, linked to Heterobasidion parviporum resistance

Author:: Malin Elfstrand; John Baison; Karl Lundén; Linghua Zhou; Ingrid Vos; Hernan Dario Capador; Matilda Stein Åslund; Zhiqiang Chen; Rajiv Chaudhary; Åke Olson; Harry X. Wu; Bo Karlsson; Jan Stenlid; María Rosario García‐Gil
Source:: Plant, cell and environment 2020 v.43 no.7 pp. 1779-1791
ISSN:: 0140-7791
Subject:: Heterobasidion; Picea abies; bark; computer simulation; conifers; disease resistance; environment; forest industries; fungi; genes; laccase; pathogens; phenotypic variation; quantitative traits; root rot; sapwood; trees; Europe
Abstract:: ... It is important to improve the understanding of the interactions between the trees and pathogens and integrate this knowledge about disease resistance into tree breeding programs. The conifer Norway spruce (Picea abies) is an important species for the forest industry in Europe. Its major pathogen is Heterobasidion parviporum, causing stem and root rot. In this study, we identified 11 Norway spruce ...
DOI:: 10.1111/pce.13768
: https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.13768

32. Changes of Norway Spruce Health in the Białowieża Forest (CE Europe) in 2013–2019 during a Bark Beetle Infestation, Studied with Landsat Imagery

Author:: Maja Bryk; Beata Kołodziej; Radosław Pliszka
Source:: Forests 2020 v.12 no.1 pp. -
ISSN:: 1999-4907
Subject:: Coleoptera; Landsat; Picea abies; bark; bark beetle infestations; bark beetles; forest damage; forests; landscapes; sustainable forestry; vector data; weather; Europe
Abstract:: ... Among the largest disturbances affecting the health of spruce forests is the large-scale appearance of bark beetles. Knowledge on the spatial distribution of infected-spruce areas is vital for effective and sustainable forest management. Medium-spatial-resolution (20–30 m) satellite images are well-suited for spruce forest disturbance monitoring at a landscape and regional scale following bark bee ...
DOI:: 10.3390/f12010034
: https://doi.org/10.3390/f12010034

33. Growth of Phlebiopsis gigantea in wood of seven conifer species

Author:: Astra Zaluma; Lauma Bruna; Darta Klavina; Natalija Burnevica; Kristine Kenigsvalde; Andis Lazdins; Talis Gaitnieks
Source:: Forest pathology 2019 v.49 no.6 pp. e12555
ISSN:: 1437-4781
Subject:: Heterobasidion annosum; Larix sibirica; Phlebia gigantea; Picea abies; Picea sitchensis; Pinus contorta var. latifolia; Pinus sylvestris; Pseudotsuga menziesii; biological control agents; conifers; fungi; pathogens; root rot; spores; stumps; wood; Europe
Abstract:: ... Heterobasidion parviporum and Heterobasidion annosum are widely distributed root‐rot fungi that infect conifers throughout Europe. Infection of conifer stumps by spores of these pathogens can be controlled by treating fresh stumps with a competing non‐pathogenic fungus, Phlebiopsis gigantea. In this study, growth of three Latvian strains of P. gigantea and the biological control agent ‘Rotstop’ st ...
DOI:: 10.1111/efp.12555
: https://doi.org/10.1111/efp.12555

34. Identifying European Old-Growth Forests using Remote Sensing: A Study in the Ukrainian Carpathians

Author:: Benedict D. Spracklen; Dominick V. Spracklen
Source:: Forests 2019 v.10 no.2 pp. -
ISSN:: 1999-4907
Subject:: Fagus; Picea abies; autumn; forest management; forest types; habitats; mixed forests; models; old-growth forests; remote sensing; standard deviation; summer; texture; trees; vegetation index; Europe
Abstract:: ... Old-growth forests are an important, rare and endangered habitat in Europe. The ability to identify old-growth forests through remote sensing would be helpful for both conservation and forest management. We used data on beech, Norway spruce and mountain pine old-growth forests in the Ukrainian Carpathians to test whether Sentinel-2 satellite images could be used to correctly identify these forests ...
DOI:: 10.3390/f10020127
: https://doi.org/10.3390/f10020127

35. Interactive effects of water and CO₂ on light response efficiency and gas exchange traits in pine (Pinus) and spruce (Picea) species

Author:: John E. Major; Alex Mosseler
Source:: Canadian journal of forest research 2020 v.50 no.11 pp. 1194-1205
ISSN:: 1208-6037
Subject:: Picea abies; Pinus; biomass; carbon dioxide; drought; forest management; forests; gas exchange; nitrogen; photosynthesis; research; soil water; water use efficiency; Europe; North America
Abstract:: ... Photosynthetic light response curves were parameterized for eight species in two genera, Pinus and Picea, grown in a 2 × 2 factorial of atmospheric CO₂ and soil moisture treatments. Four of the pines and three of the spruces are native to eastern North America, and the fourth spruce, Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.), is native to Europe. There was a significant genus × CO₂ interaction in ap ...
DOI:: 10.1139/cjfr-2019-0437
: https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2019-0437

36. Moderate- to High-Severity Disturbances Shaped the Structure of Primary Picea Abies (L.) Karst. Forest in the Southern Carpathians

Author:: Andreea Petronela Spînu; Ion Catălin Petrițan; Martin Mikoláš; Pavel Janda; Ondřej Vostarek; Vojtěch Čada; Miroslav Svoboda
Source:: Forests 2020 v.11 no.12 pp. -
ISSN:: 1999-4907
Subject:: Picea abies; area; bark beetles; canopy; conservation areas; dead wood; dendrochronology; forest dynamics; forest ecosystems; forestry; history; karsts; knowledge; landscapes; mountains; objectives; primary forests; research; salvage logging; seedlings; shape; temporal variation; variability; Carpathian region; Eastern European region; Europe
Abstract:: ... Research Highlights: Past disturbances occurred naturally in primary forests in the Southern Carpathians. High- and moderate-severity disturbances shaped the present structure of these ecosystems, which regenerated successfully without forestry interventions. Background and Objectives: Windstorms and bark beetle outbreaks have recently affected large forest areas across the globe, causing concerns ...
DOI:: 10.3390/f11121315
: https://doi.org/10.3390/f11121315

37. Nitrogen deposition is the most important environmental driver of growth of pure, even-aged and managed European forests

Author:: Sophia Etzold; Marco Ferretti; Gert Jan Reinds; Svein Solberg; Arthur Gessler; Peter Waldner; Marcus Schaub; David Simpson; Sue Benham; Karin Hansen; Morten Ingerslev; Mathieu Jonard; Per Erik Karlsson; Antti-Jussi Lindroos; Aldo Marchetto; Miklos Manninger; Henning Meesenburg; Päivi Merilä; Pekka Nöjd; Pasi Rautio; Tanja G.M. Sanders; Walter Seidling; Mitja Skudnik; Anne Thimonier; Arne Verstraeten; Lars Vesterdal; Monika Vejpustkova; Wim de Vries
Source:: Forest ecology and management 2020 v.458 pp. 117762
ISSN:: 0378-1127
Subject:: Fagus; Picea abies; air; broadleaved trees; carbon sequestration; climate change; climatic factors; forest ecosystems; forest growth; forest stands; forests; models; nitrogen; ozone; stand density; structural equation modeling; temperature; Europe
Abstract:: ... Changing environmental conditions may substantially interact with site quality and forest stand characteristics, and impact forest growth and carbon sequestration. Understanding the impact of the various drivers of forest growth is therefore critical to predict how forest ecosystems can respond to climate change. We conducted a continental-scale analysis of recent (1995–2010) forest volume increme ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117762
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117762

38. Non‐pesticide alternatives for reducing feeding damage caused by the large pine weevil (Hylobius abietis L.)

Author:: Michal Lalík; Juraj Galko; Christo Nikolov; Slavomír Rell; Andrej Kunca; Roman Modlinger; Jaroslav Holuša
Source:: Annals of applied biology 2020 v.177 no.1 pp. 132-142
ISSN:: 0003-4746
Subject:: Hylobius abietis; Picea abies; Pseudotsuga menziesii; bark; cypermethrin; forests; insecticide application; pests; root crown; Europe
Abstract:: ... The large pine weevil (Hylobius abietis L.) is an important pest of young forest stands in Europe. Larvae develop under the bark of freshly cut pine and spruce stumps, but maturing weevils feed on the bark of coniferous seedlings. Such seedlings frequently die because of bark consumption near the root collar. We tested the effect of three treatments (the insecticide alpha cypermethrin, a wax coati ...
DOI:: 10.1111/aab.12594
: https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12594

39. The course of tree growth. Theory and reality

Author:: Hans Pretzsch
Source:: Forest ecology and management 2020 v.478 pp. 118508
ISSN:: 0378-1127
Subject:: Fagus sylvatica subsp. sylvatica; Picea abies; Pinus sylvestris; Quercus petraea; administrative management; data collection; ecosystems; elderly; forest ecology; site index; stand structure; tree growth; trees; Europe
Abstract:: ... The course of tree growth, especially the level and persistence until advanced age, indicates the competitivenes and fitness of trees and determines stand structure and dynamics. The velocity of size growth and aging affects many other plants and animals living at and from trees. Thus forestry and many ecosystem functions and services are depending on the course of tree growth.First, novel empiric ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118508
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118508

40. Tree Damage by Ice Accumulation in Norway Spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) Stands Regarding Stand Characteristics

Author:: Silva Šēnhofa; Juris Katrevičs; Andis Adamovičs; Kārlis Bičkovskis; Endijs Bāders; Jānis Donis; Āris Jansons
Source:: Forests 2020 v.11 no.6 pp. -
ISSN:: 1999-4907
Subject:: Picea abies; freezing; ice; overstory; probability; rain; stand density; tree and stand measurements; tree damage; tree height; trees; Europe
Abstract:: ... Freezing rain is a frequently occurring, but relatively rarely studied disturbance in Europe, although ice accumulation may occasionally cause severe damage for forestry. We aimed to characterize ice-accumulation damage to overstory trees in spruce stands, assess the probability of damage based on the stand and individual tree parameters, and define the most significant parameters that affect the ...
DOI:: 10.3390/f11060679
: https://doi.org/10.3390/f11060679

41. Alternative tree species under climate warming in managed European forests

Author:: Eric Andreas Thurm; Laura Hernandez; Andri Baltensweiler; Szegin Ayan; Ervin Rasztovits; Kamil Bielak; Tzvetan Mladenov Zlatanov; David Hladnik; Besim Balic; Alexandra Freudenschuss; Richard Büchsenmeister; Wolfgang Falk
Source:: Forest ecology and management 2018 v.430 pp. 485-497
ISSN:: 0378-1127
Subject:: Fagus sylvatica; Picea abies; Quercus cerris; Quercus rubra; Robinia pseudoacacia; Ulmus; biogeography; climate models; climatic factors; environmental impact; forest inventory; global warming; growth performance; issues and policy; national forests; site index; socioeconomics; soil; species diversity; temperate forests; trees; Europe
Abstract:: ... This study estimates the present and future distribution potential of 12 thermophilic and rare tree species for Europe based on climate-soil sensitive species distribution models (SDMs), and compares them to the two major temperate and boreal tree species (Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies).We used European national forest inventory data with 1.3 million plots to predict the distribution of the 12 + ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.foreco.2018.08.028
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2018.08.028

42. Ant and Earthworm Bioturbation in Cold-Temperate Ecosystems

Author:: A. R. Taylor; L. Lenoir; B. Vegerfors; T. Persson
Source:: Ecosystems 2019 v.22 no.5 pp. 981-994
ISSN:: 1432-9840
Subject:: Formicidae; Picea abies; Pinus sylvestris; acid soils; bioturbation; burrowing; calcareous soils; cold zones; deciduous forests; earthworms; ecotypes; forest soils; grasslands; nests; population density; soil pH; soil temperature; statistical models; temperate zones; terrestrial ecosystems; Europe; Northern European region
Abstract:: ... In temperate ecosystems, earthworms and ants are the most important organisms for bioturbation. Little is known about how these groups contribute to bioturbation in different environments and to what extent overall bioturbation depends on their diversity. We developed a formula that allows quantification of annual earthworm bioturbation, thereby taking differences between earthworm ecotypes into a ...
DOI:: 10.1007/s10021-018-0317-2
: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-018-0317-2

43. Chilling and forcing temperatures interact to predict the onset of wood formation in Northern Hemisphere conifers

Author:: Nicolas Delpierre; Ségolène Lireux; Florian Hartig; Jesus Julio Camarero; Alissar Cheaib; Katarina Čufar; Henri Cuny; Annie Deslauriers; Patrick Fonti; Jožica Gričar; Jian‐Guo Huang; Cornelia Krause; Guohua Liu; Martin de Luis; Harri Mäkinen; Edurne Martinez del Castillo; Hubert Morin; Pekka Nöjd; Walter Oberhuber; Peter Prislan; Sergio Rossi; Seyedeh Masoumeh Saderi; Vaclav Treml; Hanus Vavrick; Cyrille B. K. Rathgeber
Source:: Global change biology 2019 v.25 no.3 pp. 1089-1105
ISSN:: 1354-1013
Subject:: Bayesian theory; Larix decidua; Picea abies; Picea mariana; Pinus sylvestris; cell growth; climate change; cold treatment; conifers; data collection; ecophysiology; empirical models; leaves; phenology; prediction; spring; temperature; threshold models; trees; wood; xylem; Canada; Europe
Abstract:: ... The phenology of wood formation is a critical process to consider for predicting how trees from the temperate and boreal zones may react to climate change. Compared to leaf phenology, however, the determinism of wood phenology is still poorly known. Here, we compared for the first time three alternative ecophysiological model classes (threshold models, heat‐sum models and chilling‐influenced heat‐ ...
DOI:: 10.1111/gcb.14539
: https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14539

44. Comparison of Genetic Diversity in Naturally Regenerated Norway Spruce Stands and Seed Orchard Progeny Trials

Author:: Dainis Ruņģis; Solveiga Luguza; Endijs Bāders; Vilnis Šķipars; Āris Jansons
Source:: Forests 2019 v.10 no.10 pp. -
ISSN:: 1999-4907
Subject:: Picea abies; alleles; disasters; forest ecosystems; forest stands; forests; genetic variation; genotyping; germplasm; landscapes; loci; microsatellite repeats; national parks; progeny; risk; seed orchards; temperature; windthrow; wood quality; Europe
Abstract:: ... Forest ecosystems in Europe are expected to experience changes in temperature and water regimes associated with increased risks of extreme environmental events and disasters. Genetic diversity and relatedness has been linked to resilience of forest stands and landscapes. Genetic diversity indicators were compared between a Norway spruce population naturally regenerated after extensive windthrow an ...
DOI:: 10.3390/f10100926
: https://doi.org/10.3390/f10100926

45. Correlating phosphorus extracted by simple soil extraction methods with foliar phosphorus concentrations of Picea abies (L.) H. Karst. and Fagus sylvatica (L.)

Author:: Hadi Manghabati; Michael Kohlpaintner; Rasmus Ettl; Karl Mellert; Uwe Blum; Axel Göttlein
Source:: Zeitschrift für Pflanzenernährung und Bodenkunde 2018 v.181 no.4 pp. 547-556
ISSN:: 1436-8730
Subject:: Fagus sylvatica; Picea abies; acid soils; alkaline soils; citric acid; forest soils; forest trees; forests; inventories; leaves; mineral soils; models; national forests; nutritional status; phosphorus; regression analysis; sodium bicarbonate; soil depth; soil pH; soil sampling; sustainable forestry; Europe
Abstract:: ... Phosphorus (P) concentrations in needles and leaves of forest trees are declining in the last years in Europe. For a sustainable forest management the knowledge of site specific P nutrition/availability in forest soils is vital, but we are lacking verified simple methods for the estimation of plant available P. Within this study, four soil P extraction methods [water (P H2 O), double‐lactate (Pₗₐc ...
DOI:: 10.1002/jpln.201700536
: https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.201700536

46. Crossing borders – European forest reproductive material moving in trade

Author:: Simon Jansen; Heino Konrad; Thomas Geburek
Source:: Journal of environmental management 2019 v.233 pp. 308-320
ISSN:: 0301-4797
Subject:: Fagus sylvatica; Fraxinus excelsior; Picea abies; Pinus pinaster; Pinus sylvestris; Quercus petraea; Quercus robur; Quercus rubra; compliance; data collection; forestry; forests; laws and regulations; models; seedlings; seeds; sustainable forestry; trade; trade statistics; trees; Baltic States; Central European region; Europe
Abstract:: ... Forest reproductive material (FRM) is constantly traded between European countries, but bilateral trade statistics on a European scale are limited. For the first time we analysed national datasets according Council Directiv 1999/105/EC for the tree species Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris, P. pinaster, Fagus sylvatica, Fraxinus excelsior, Quercus robur, Q. rubra, and Q. petraea. Based on the period 2 ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.11.079
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.11.079

47. Growth-climate responses indicate shifts in the competitive ability of European beech and Norway spruce under recent climate warming in East-Central Europe

Author:: Denisa Sedmáková; Róbert Sedmák; Michal Bosela; Marek Ježík; Miroslav Blaženec; Tomáš Hlásny; Róbert Marušák
Source:: Dendrochronologia 2019 pp. -
ISSN:: 1125-7865
Subject:: Fagus sylvatica subsp. sylvatica; Picea abies; altitude; climate; drying; geographical distribution; global warming; landscapes; temperature; tree growth; vegetation; Carpathian region; Europe
Abstract:: ... Long-term changes in climate substantially affect the tree growth and species distribution in Europe. In the presented study, the radial growth of Fagus sylvatica (L.) and Picea abies ((L.) Karst.) has been studied along an altitudinal gradient covering six vegetation formations characteristic for sub-montane, montane and high-montane conditions of the western Carpathians. Tree growth responses to ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.dendro.2019.02.001
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dendro.2019.02.001

48. Impact of weather cues and resource dynamics on mast occurrence in the main forest tree species in Europe

Author:: Anita Nussbaumer; Peter Waldner; Vladislav Apuhtin; Fatih Aytar; Sue Benham; Filippo Bussotti; Johannes Eichhorn; Nadine Eickenscheidt; Petr Fabianek; Lutz Falkenried; Stefan Leca; Martti Lindgren; María José Manzano Serrano; Stefan Neagu; Seppo Nevalainen; Jozef Pajtik; Nenad Potočić; Pasi Rautio; Geert Sioen; Vidas Stakėnas; Celal Tasdemir; Iben Margrete Thomsen; Volkmar Timmermann; Liisa Ukonmaanaho; Arne Verstraeten; Sören Wulff; Arthur Gessler
Source:: Forest ecology and management 2018 v.429 pp. 336-350
ISSN:: 0378-1127
Subject:: Fagus sylvatica; Picea abies; Pinus sylvestris; Quercus petraea; Quercus robur; air pollution; ecoregions; forest trees; forests; fruiting; models; monitoring; regression analysis; seeds; sowing; spring; summer; temperature; weather; Europe
Abstract:: ... Mast seeding, the synchronised occurrence of large amounts of fruits and seeds at irregular intervals, is a reproductive strategy in many wind-pollinated species. Although a series of studies have investigated mast year (MY) patterns in European forest tree species at the regional scale, there are few recent evaluations at a European scale on the impact of weather variables (weather cues) and reso ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.foreco.2018.07.011
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2018.07.011

49. Infection Levels of the Microsporidium Larssoniella duplicati in Populations of the Invasive Bark Beetle Ips duplicatus: From Native to New Outbreak Areas

Author:: Soňa Zimová; Karolina Resnerová; Hana Vanická; Jakub Horák; Jiří Trombik; Magdalena Kacprzyk; Åke Lindelöw; Mihai-Leonard Duduman; Jaroslav Holuša
Source:: Forests 2019 v.10 no.2 pp. -
ISSN:: 1999-4907
Subject:: Ips; Picea abies; altitude; bark beetles; entomopathogens; natural enemies; Europe
Abstract:: ... The microsporidium Larssoniella duplicati (Weiser, Holuša, Žižka, 2006) is a specific pathogen of the bark beetle Ips duplicatus (C.R. Sahlberg, 1836), which is a serious pest of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst) in Europe. From 2011 to 2016, infection levels of L. duplicati and other pathogens in I. duplicatus populations were assessed along a gradient, ranging from areas in the no ...
DOI:: 10.3390/f10020131
: https://doi.org/10.3390/f10020131

50. Prediction of bending strength of thermally modified timber using high-resolution scanning of fibre direction

Author:: Joran van Blokland; Anders Olsson; Jan Oscarsson; Stergios Adamopoulos
Source:: European journal of wood and wood products 2019 v.77 no.3 pp. 327-340
ISSN:: 0018-3768
Subject:: Picea abies; bending strength; heat treatment; knots; market share; modulus of elasticity; nondestructive methods; prediction; sawing; wood; Europe
Abstract:: ... The market share of thermally modified wood (TMW) has increased in Europe during the past few years as an environmentally friendly and durable building product. However, TMW products of today are not permitted for use in structural applications, because the reduction in strength that is caused by thermal treatment cannot be accounted for. The purpose of this paper was to investigate the bending pr ...
DOI:: 10.1007/s00107-019-01388-w
: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-019-01388-w

51. Range expansion of the small spruce bark beetle Ips amitinus: a newcomer in northern Europe

Author:: Bjørn Økland; Daniel Flø; Martin Schroeder; Peter Zach; Dragos Cocos; Petri Martikainen; Juha Siitonen; Michail Y. Mandelshtam; Dmitry L. Musolin; Seppo Neuvonen; Jozef Vakula; Christo Nikolov; Åke Lindelöw; Kaljo Voolma
Source:: Agricultural and forest entomology 2019 v.21 no.3 pp. 286-298
ISSN:: 1461-9555
Subject:: Allee effect; Ips; Picea abies; bark beetles; bogs; climate; conifers; forest pests; forests; habitat fragmentation; lowlands; models; mountains; population size; refuge habitats; Central European region; Europe; Northern European region
Abstract:: ... Ips amitinus arrived in Northern Europe at the beginning of 1900s, although its recent expansions to the northernmost conifers have been rapid. Analyses of recent records, MaxEnt models and regional population size estimates are used to discuss its peculiar range shifts and potential as a forest pest in Northern Europe. Ips amitinus was probably absent in northern glacial refugia for Norway spruce ...
DOI:: 10.1111/afe.12331
: https://doi.org/10.1111/afe.12331

52. Successful reproduction and pheromone production by the spruce bark beetle in evolutionary naïve spruce hosts with familiar terpenoid defences

Author:: Daniel Flø; Hans Ragnar Norli; Bjørn Økland; Paal Krokene
Source:: Agricultural and forest entomology 2018 v.20 no.4 pp. 476-486
ISSN:: 1461-9555
Subject:: Ips typographus; Picea abies; Picea glauca; Picea sitchensis; aggregation pheromones; bark; bark beetles; breeding; chemical composition; forests; hosts; plantations; progeny; terpenoids; trees; Europe; North America; Northern European region
Abstract:: ... The European spruce bark beetle Ips typographus is a damaging pest on spruce in Europe. Beetle interactions with tree species originating outside the natural range of the beetle are largely unknown and may be unpredictable because trees without a co‐evolutionary history with the beetle may lack effective defences. The terpenoid composition and breeding suitability for I. typographus of the histori ...
DOI:: 10.1111/afe.12280
: https://doi.org/10.1111/afe.12280

53. Tree differences in primary and secondary growth drive convergent scaling in leaf area to sapwood area across Europe

Author:: Giai Petit; Georg von Arx; Natasa Kiorapostolou; Silvia Lechthaler; Angela Luisa Prendin; Tommaso Anfodillo; Maria C. Caldeira; Hervé Cochard; Paul Copini; Alan Crivellaro; Sylvain Delzon; Roman Gebauer; Jožica Gričar; Leila Grönholm; Teemu Hölttä; Tuula Jyske; Martina Lavrič; Anna Lintunen; Raquel Lobo‐do‐Vale; Mikko Peltoniemi; Richard L. Peters; Elisabeth M. R. Robert; Sílvia Roig Juan; Martin Senfeldr; Kathy Steppe; Josef Urban; Janne Van Camp; Frank Sterck
Source:: new phytologist 2018 v.218 no.4 pp. 1383-1392
ISSN:: 0028-646X
Subject:: Betula pendula; Picea abies; Pinus sylvestris; Populus tremula; branches; carbon; climate; conifers; dry matter partitioning; leaf area; leaves; sapwood; transpiration; trees; Alabama; Europe
Abstract:: ... Trees scale leaf (AL) and xylem (AX) areas to couple leaf transpiration and carbon gain with xylem water transport. Some species are known to acclimate in AL : AX balance in response to climate conditions, but whether trees of different species acclimate in AL : AX in similar ways over their entire (continental) distributions is unknown. We analyzed the species and climate effects on the scaling o ...
DOI:: 10.1111/nph.15118
: https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.15118

54. Carbon Pools in a Hemiboreal Over-Mature Norway Spruce Stands

Author:: Laura Ķēniņa; Didzis Elferts; Endijs Bāders; Āris Jansons
Source:: Forests 2018 v.9 no.7 pp. -
ISSN:: 1999-4907
Subject:: Picea abies; biomass; boreal forests; carbon; carbon sequestration; carbon sinks; dead wood; ecosystems; mineral soils; stand composition; trees; Europe
Abstract:: ... Old unmanaged forests are commonly assumed to be carbon neutral; however, there is still a lack of reference studies available to increase the recognition of carbon stock changes in these forests. Studies of old forest carbon storage from hemiboreal regions are very rare compared to temperate and boreal forests in Europe; therefore, the aim of this study was to quantify the carbon stock in hemibor ...
DOI:: 10.3390/f9070435
: https://doi.org/10.3390/f9070435

55. Direct seeding of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) to convert Norway spruce (Picea Abies L.) forests in Europe: A review

Author:: Franka Huth; Alexandra Wehnert; Katharina Tiebel; Sven Wagner
Source:: Forest ecology and management 2017 v.403 pp. 61-78
ISSN:: 0378-1127
Subject:: Abies alba; Picea abies; artificial regeneration; decision making; direct seeding; environmental factors; forest stands; forests; harvesting; natural regeneration; overstory; planting; seedbed preparation; soil; trees; Central European region; Europe
Abstract:: ... The direct seeding method of artificial regeneration has a long tradition in silvicultural management. The main application of the direct seeding of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) today occurs in the context of the conversion of Norway spruce stands in central Europe. Although direct seeding is often considered to closely resemble natural regeneration in many respects, tree planting is currently mo ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.foreco.2017.08.017
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2017.08.017

56. Genetic variability and health of Norway spruce stands in the Regional Directorate of the State Forests in Krosno

Author:: Justyna Gutkowska; Małgorzata Borys; Anna Tereba; Miłosz Tkaczyk; Tomasz Oszako; Justyna Anna Nowakowska
Source:: Leśne prace badawcze 2017 v.78 no.1 pp. 56-66
ISSN:: 2082-8926
Subject:: Picea abies; forests; genetic analysis; genetic markers; genetic similarity; genetic variation; governance; haplotypes; health status; heterozygosity; mitochondria; mitochondrial DNA; mitochondrial genes; national parks; nuclear genome; provenance; state forests; trees; Europe
Abstract:: ... The study was conducted in 2015 in six spruce stands situated in different forest districts administratively belonging to the Regional Directorate of State Forests in Krosno. Each spruce population was represented by 30 trees and assessed in terms of their current health status. Genetic analyses were performed on shoot samples from each tree using nine nuclear DNA markers and one mitochondrial DNA ...
DOI:: 10.1515/frp-2017-0006
: https://doi.org/10.1515/frp-2017-0006

57. Gut microbiota of the pine weevil degrades conifer diterpenes and increases insect fitness

Author:: Aileen Berasategui; Hassan Salem; Christian Paetz; Maricel Santoro; Jonathan Gershenzon; Martin Kaltenpoth; Axel Schmidt
Source:: Molecular ecology 2017 v.26 no.15 pp. 4099-4110
ISSN:: 0962-1083
Subject:: Hylobius abietis; Picea abies; antibiotics; artificial diets; bacterial communities; bark; cambium; coniferous forests; conifers; digestive system; diterpenoids; eggs; hatching; insects; intestinal microorganisms; metagenomics; multigene family; nutritive value; pests; rearing; resins; surveys; symbionts; toxicity; Europe
Abstract:: ... The pine weevil (Hylobius abietis), a major pest of conifer forests throughout Europe, feeds on the bark and cambium, tissues rich in terpenoid resins that are toxic to many insect herbivores. Here, we report the ability of the pine weevil gut microbiota to degrade the diterpene acids of Norway spruce. The diterpene acid levels present in ingested bark were substantially reduced on passage through ...
DOI:: 10.1111/mec.14186
: https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.14186

58. Large‐scale disturbance legacies and the climate sensitivity of primary Picea abies forests

Author:: Jonathan S. Schurman; Volodymyr Trotsiuk; Radek Bače; Vojtěch Čada; Shawn Fraver; Pavel Janda; Dominik Kulakowski; Jana Labusova; Martin Mikoláš; Thomas A. Nagel; Rupert Seidl; Michal Synek; Kristýna Svobodová; Oleh Chaskovskyy; Marius Teodosiu; Miroslav Svoboda
Source:: Global change biology 2018 v.24 no.5 pp. 2169-2181
ISSN:: 1354-1013
Subject:: Landsat; Picea abies; canopy; climate; climate change; drought; forest damage; forest dynamics; forests; habitat fragmentation; inventories; landscapes; stand structure; tree age; trees; Carpathian region; Central European region; Europe
Abstract:: ... Determining the drivers of shifting forest disturbance rates remains a pressing global change issue. Large‐scale forest dynamics are commonly assumed to be climate driven, but appropriately scaled disturbance histories are rarely available to assess how disturbance legacies alter subsequent disturbance rates and the climate sensitivity of disturbance. We compiled multiple tree ring‐based disturban ...
DOI:: 10.1111/gcb.14041
: https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14041

59. Over- and Underyielding in Time and Space in Experiments with Mixed Stands of Scots Pine and Norway Spruce

Author:: Lars Drössler; Eric Agestam; Kamil Bielak; Małgorzata Dudzinska; Julia Koricheva; Mateusz Liziniewicz; Magnus Löf; Bill Mason; Hans Pretzsch; Sauli Valkonen; Klaas Wellhausen
Source:: Forests 2018 v.9 no.8 pp. -
ISSN:: 1999-4907
Subject:: Picea abies; Pinus sylvestris; forest types; latitude; mixed forests; mixed stands; mixing; stand age; trees; wood; Europe
Abstract:: ... Pine-spruce forests are one of the commonest mixed forest types in Europe and both tree species are very important for wood supply. This study summarized nine European studies with Scots pine and Norway spruce where a mixed-species stand and both monocultures were located in an experimental set-up. Overyielding (where growth of a mixed stand was greater than the average of both monocultures) was r ...
DOI:: 10.3390/f9080495
: https://doi.org/10.3390/f9080495

60. Oxygen isotopes in tree rings are less sensitive to changes in tree size and relative canopy position than carbon isotopes

Author:: Stefan Klesse; Rosemarie Weigt; Kerstin Treydte; Matthias Saurer; Lola Schmid; Rolf T.W. Siegwolf; David C. Frank
Source:: Plant, cell and environment 2018 v.41 no.12 pp. 2899-2914
ISSN:: 0140-7791
Subject:: Fagus sylvatica; Picea abies; canopy; carbon isotopes; growth rings; oxygen; paleoclimatology; shade tolerance; stable isotopes; temperate forests; temperate zones; tree age; trees; Europe
Abstract:: ... Stable isotope ratios in tree rings have become an important proxy for palaeoclimatology, particularly in temperate regions. Yet temperate forests are often characterized by heterogeneous stand structures, and the effects of stand dynamics on carbon (δ¹³C) and oxygen isotope ratios (δ¹⁸O) in tree rings are not well explored. In this study, we investigated long‐term trends and offsets in δ¹⁸O and δ ...
DOI:: 10.1111/pce.13424
: https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.13424

61. The extent of historic translocation of Norway spruce forest reproductive material in Europe

Author:: Simon Jansen; Heino Konrad; Thomas Geburek
Source:: Annals of forest science 2017 v.74 no.3 pp. 56
ISSN:: 1286-4560
Subject:: Picea abies; forest trees; forestry; forests; gene flow; geographical distribution; germplasm conservation; historical records; population structure; seed exchange; seeds; sustainable forestry; Europe
Abstract:: ... KEY MESSAGE : Norway spruce seed has been traded extensively for at least three centuries throughout the natural distribution range in Europe and beyond. However, our knowledge about these transfers is limited. Historic data are essential tools to trace back human-mediated gene flow and for interpretation of recent genetic studies. CONTEXT: Human-mediated gene flow can potentially have a major imp ...
DOI:: 10.1007/s13595-017-0644-z
: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-017-0644-z

62. Adaptive root foraging strategies along a boreal–temperate forest gradient

Author:: Ivika Ostonen; Marika Truu; Heljä‐Sisko Helmisaari; Martin Lukac; Werner Borken; Elena Vanguelova; Douglas L. Godbold; Krista Lõhmus; Ulrich Zang; Leho Tedersoo; Jens‐Konrad Preem; Katrin Rosenvald; Jürgen Aosaar; Kęstutis Armolaitis; Jane Frey; Naima Kabral; Mai Kukumägi; Jaana Leppälammi‐Kujansuu; Antti‐Jussi Lindroos; Päivi Merilä; Ülle Napa; Pekka Nöjd; Kaarin Parts; Veiko Uri; Mats Varik; Jaak Truu
Source:: new phytologist 2017 v.215 no.3 pp. 977-991
ISSN:: 0028-646X
Subject:: root tips; boreal forests; trees; carbon; rhizosphere; nitrogen content; stand basal area; Picea abies; bacterial communities; mycelium; climate; community structure; soil; rhizosphere bacteria; Betula pendula; Pinus sylvestris; biomass; ectomycorrhizae; root systems; nitrogen; fine roots; latitude; foraging; fungi; Europe
Abstract:: ... The tree root–mycorhizosphere plays a key role in resource uptake, but also in the adaptation of forests to changing environments. The adaptive foraging mechanisms of ectomycorrhizal (EcM) and fine roots of Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris and Betula pendula were evaluated along a gradient from temperate to subarctic boreal forest (38 sites between latitudes 48°N and 69°N) in Europe. Variables descri ...
DOI:: 10.1111/nph.14643
: https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.14643

63. Climate drivers of bark beetle outbreak dynamics in Norway spruce forests

Author:: Lorenzo Marini; Bjørn Økland; Anna Maria Jönsson; Barbara Bentz; Allan Carroll; Beat Forster; Jean‐Claude Grégoire; Rainer Hurling; Louis Michel Nageleisen; Sigrid Netherer; Hans Peter Ravn; Aaron Weed; Martin Schroeder
Source:: Ecography 2017 v.40 no.12 pp. 1426-1435
ISSN:: 0906-7590
Subject:: Ips typographus; Picea abies; bark beetles; breeding; climate change; climatic factors; forest resources; forests; population dynamics; population size; probability; rain; storms; summer; synergism; temperature; time series analysis; trees; wood; Europe
Abstract:: ... Bark beetles are among the most devastating biotic agents affecting forests globally and several species are expected to be favored by climate change. Given the potential interactions of insect outbreaks with other biotic and abiotic disturbances, and the potentially strong impact of changing disturbance regimes on forest resources, investigating climatic drivers of destructive bark beetle outbrea ...
DOI:: 10.1111/ecog.02769
: https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.02769

64. Conversion of Norway spruce forests in the face of climate change: a case study in Central Europe

Author:: Tomáš Hlásny; Ivan Barka; Joerg Roessiger; Ladislav Kulla; Jiří Trombik; Zuzana Sarvašová; Tomáš Bucha; Miroslav Kovalčík; Tomáš Čihák
Source:: European journal of forest research 2017 v.136 no.5-6 pp. 1013-1028
ISSN:: 1612-4669
Subject:: Picea abies; biodiversity; biomass production; case studies; climate change; ecosystems; forest damage; forests; management systems; managers; models; researchers; salvage logging; stakeholders; stand structure; timber production; Central European region; Europe
Abstract:: ... Steadily increasing damage to Norway spruce forests in Europe has caused researchers and managers to consider whether these forests can be converted to more stable ecosystems. In a central European mountain region, we investigated whether management systems (MSs) specified by regional stakeholders provide sound alternatives to the currently applied management. We used the forest model Sibyla to ex ...
DOI:: 10.1007/s10342-017-1028-5
: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-017-1028-5

65. Deadwood in Norway spruce dominated mountain forest reserves is characterized by large dimensions and advanced decomposition stages

Author:: Andrina Rimle; Caroline Heiri; Harald Bugmann
Source:: Forest ecology and management 2017 v.404 pp. 174-183
ISSN:: 0378-1127
Subject:: Picea abies; biodiversity; coniferous forests; dead wood; forest reserves; habitats; mortality; trees; virgin forests; wind; Europe
Abstract:: ... Deadwood provides key habitats for a variety of forest species. Thereby, not only deadwood quantity, but also its quality (dimensions and decay stages) as well as its spatial distribution is of importance for the presence of specific species, but assessments of these properties are rare. We provide a comprehensive analysis of deadwood characteristics in seven Norway spruce (Picea abies) dominated ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.foreco.2017.08.036
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2017.08.036

66. Effects of single sewage sludge application on soil phytoremediation

Author:: A. Grobelak; A. Placek; A. Grosser; Bal Ram Singh; Åsgeir R. Almås; A. Napora; M. Kacprzak
Source:: Journal of cleaner production 2017 v.155 pp. 189-197
ISSN:: 0959-6526
Subject:: Betula; European Union; Picea abies; Pinus sylvestris; Quercus robur; agricultural land; cadmium; carbon; eutrophication; field experimentation; food industry; food processing wastes; geomorphology; grasses; groundwater; growth and development; heavy metals; leaching; lead; nutrients; phytomass; phytoremediation; plant development; polluted soils; roots; runoff; sewage sludge; soil degradation; soil fertility; soil organic matter; soil treatment; surface water; topsoil; trees; water holding capacity; zinc; Europe
Abstract:: ... In European Union countries, disposal sewage sludge on agricultural lands is restricted by directives. Large-area degradation of surface soils in Europe is a major challenge to maintain and remediate due to their size and geomorphology, different historical uses and current biogeochemical conditions. These sites are often degraded with a mixture of contaminants mostly lacking a biologically active ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.10.005
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.10.005

67. Growth trends and climate responses of Norway spruce along elevational gradients in East-Central Europe

Author:: Tereza Ponocná; Barbara Spyt; Ryszard Kaczka; Ulf Büntgen; Václav Treml
Source:: Trees 2016 v.30 no.5 pp. 1633-1646
ISSN:: 0931-1890
Subject:: Picea abies; age structure; altitude; autumn; climate; climate change; drought; ecosystems; forest management; forest trees; growth rings; montane forests; prediction; provenance; temperature; tree growth; treeline; Europe
Abstract:: ... KEY MESSAGE : Decadal growth variability of Norway spruce increases with elevation. Recent temperature sensitivity and growth enhancement are limited to trees growing in the zone adjacent to timberline. Growth trends and climate responses of forest trees along elevational gradients are not fully understood. A deeper insight is, however, fundamental for predicting ecosystem functioning and producti ...
DOI:: 10.1007/s00468-016-1396-3
: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-016-1396-3

68. Recent similarity in distribution ranges does not mean a similar postglacial history: a phylogeographical study of the boreal tree species Alnus incana based on microsatellite and chloroplast DNA variation

Author:: Bohumil Mandák; Alena Havrdová; Karol Krak; Věroslava Hadincová; Petr Vít; Petr Zákravský; Jan Douda
Source:: new phytologist 2016 v.210 no.4 pp. 1395-1407
ISSN:: 0028-646X
Subject:: Alnus incana; Picea abies; chloroplast DNA; haplotypes; microsatellite repeats; models; phylogeography; refuge habitats; trees; Central European region; Eastern European region; Europe; Scandinavia
Abstract:: ... We reconstructed the historical pattern of postglacial biogeographic range expansion of the boreal tree species Alnus incana in Europe. To assess population genetic structure and diversity, we performed a combined analysis of nuclear microsatellite loci and chloroplast DNA sequences (65 populations, 1004 individuals). Analysis of haplotype and microsatellite diversity revealed that southeastern re ...
DOI:: 10.1111/nph.13848
: https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13848

69. Specific leaf area and leaf area index in developing stands of Fagus sylvatica L. and Picea abies Karst.

Author:: Bohdan Konôpka; Jozef Pajtík; Róbert Marušák; Michal Bošeľa; Martin Lukac
Source:: Forest ecology and management 2016 v.364 pp. 52-59
ISSN:: 0378-1127
Subject:: Fagus sylvatica subsp. sylvatica; Picea abies; biomass; canopy; forest trees; leaf area index; leaves; pure stands; shade; tree growth; Europe
Abstract:: ... European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.) are two of the most ecologically and economically important forest tree species in Europe. These two species co-occur in many locations in Europe, leading to direct competition for canopy space. Foliage characteristics of two naturally regenerated pure stands of beech and spruce with fully closed canopies were contrasted to ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.12.005
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2015.12.005

70. Two centuries of masting data for European beech and Norway spruce across the European continent

Author:: Davide Ascoli; Janet Maringer; Andy Hacket‐Pain; Marco Conedera; Igor Drobyshev; Renzo Motta; Mara Cirolli; Władysław Kantorowicz; Christian Zang; Silvio Schueler; Luc Croisé; Pietro Piussi; Roberta Berretti; Ciprian Palaghianu; Marjana Westergren; Jonathan G. A. Lageard; Anton Burkart; Regula Gehrig Bichsel; Peter A. Thomas; Burkhard Beudert; Rolf Övergaard; Giorgio Vacchiano
Source:: Ecology 2017 v.98 no.5 pp. 1473
ISSN:: 0012-9658
Subject:: Fagus sylvatica subsp. sylvatica; Picea abies; animals; data collection; databases; dendrochronology; ecosystem services; flowers; forests; human health; models; pests; pollen; population density; statistics; surveys; temporal variation; trees; Europe
Abstract:: ... Tree masting is one of the most intensively studied ecological processes. It affects nutrient fluxes of trees, regeneration dynamics in forests, animal population densities, and ultimately influences ecosystem services. Despite a large volume of research focused on masting, its evolutionary ecology, spatial and temporal variability, and environmental drivers are still matter of debate. Understandi ...
DOI:: 10.1002/ecy.1785
: https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.1785

71. Comparison of carbon estimation methods for European forests

Author:: Mathias Neumann; Adam Moreno; Volker Mues; Sanna Härkönen; Matteo Mura; Olivier Bouriaud; Mait Lang; Wouter M.J. Achten; Alain Thivolle-Cazat; Karol Bronisz; Ján Merganič; Mathieu Decuyper; Iciar Alberdi; Rasmus Astrup; Frits Mohren; Hubert Hasenauer
Source:: Forest ecology and management 2016 v.361 pp. 397-420
ISSN:: 0378-1127
Subject:: Betula pendula; Fagus sylvatica; Picea abies; Pinus sylvestris; Quercus robur; allometry; biomass; carbon; carbon sinks; data collection; forest inventory; forests; models; trees; Europe
Abstract:: ... National and international carbon reporting systems require information on carbon stocks of forests. For this purpose, terrestrial assessment systems such as forest inventory data in combination with carbon estimation methods are often used. In this study we analyze and compare terrestrial carbon estimation methods from 12 European countries. The country-specific methods are applied to five Europe ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.11.016
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2015.11.016

72. Effects of simulated long-term N deposition on Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris growth in boreal forest

Author:: F. From; T. Lundmark; T. Mörling; A. Pommerening; A. Nordin
Source:: Canadian journal of forest research = 2016 v.46 no.11 pp. 1396-1403
ISSN:: 0045-5067
Subject:: Picea abies; Pinus sylvestris; boreal forests; carbon sequestration; eutrophication; forest growth; long term experiments; models; nitrogen; regression analysis; tree growth; Europe
Abstract:: ... Modelling studies have suggested that atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition will increase forest carbon sequestration by stimulating tree growth. However, few long-term experiments studying N deposition effects on tree growth in boreal forests have been reported. This study empirically explores the relation between application rates of N, simulating levels of N deposition relevant for Europe, and th ...
DOI:: 10.1139/cjfr-2016-0201
: https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2016-0201

73. Past and future evolution of Abies alba forests in Europe – comparison of a dynamic vegetation model with palaeo data and observations

Author:: Melanie Ruosch; Renato Spahni; Fortunat Joos; Paul D. Henne; Willem O. Knaap; Willy Tinner
Source:: Global change biology 2016 v.22 no.2 pp. 727-740
ISSN:: 1354-1013
Subject:: Abies alba; Fagus sylvatica; Picea abies; anthropogenic activities; carbon sequestration; climate; climatology; cold; ecosystem services; evolution; forests; global warming; infrastructure; models; paleoecology; planning; pollen; trees; Central European region; Europe; Southern European region
Abstract:: ... Information on how species distributions and ecosystem services are impacted by anthropogenic climate change is important for adaptation planning. Palaeo data suggest that Abies alba formed forests under significantly warmer‐than‐present conditions in Europe and might be a native substitute for widespread drought‐sensitive temperate and boreal tree species such as beech (Fagus sylvatica) and spruc ...
DOI:: 10.1111/gcb.13075
: https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13075

74. The disturbance regime of Norway spruce forests in Bulgaria1

Author:: Momchil Panayotov; Peter Bebi; Nickolay Tsvetanov; Neno Alexandrov; Lucinda Laranjeiro; Dominik Kulakowski
Source:: Canadian journal of forest research = 2015 v.45 no.9 pp. 1143-1153
ISSN:: 1208-6037
Subject:: Ips typographus; Picea abies; bark beetles; ecosystems; forest reserves; landscapes; old-growth forests; tree and stand measurements; trees; wind; Bulgaria; Southern European region
Abstract:: ... Natural disturbances are among the most important factors that shape forest dynamics and forest landscapes. However, the natural disturbance regime of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) forests in Europe is not well understood. We studied the disturbance regimes in three forest reserves in Bulgaria (Parangalitsa, Bistrishko branishte, and Beglika), which are representative of the range of con ...
DOI:: 10.1139/cjfr-2014-0505
: https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2014-0505

75. Tree species mixing can increase maximum stand density1

Author:: Hans Pretzsch; Peter Biber
Source:: Canadian journal of forest research = 2016 v.46 no.10 pp. 1179-1193
ISSN:: 1208-6037
Subject:: Fagus sylvatica subsp. sylvatica; Larix decidua; Picea abies; Pinus sylvestris; carrying capacity; forests; inventories; mixed stands; models; pure stands; silviculture; stand density; trees; Europe
Abstract:: ... Mixed-species stands are on the advance in Europe. They fulfil many functions better than monocultures. Recent papers show that mixed stands can have higher yields, but it remains open whether mixed stands simply grow faster along the same self-thinning lines as pure stands or have higher maximum stand densities. We analyzed the effect of species mixing on maximum density based on triplets of pure ...
DOI:: 10.1139/cjfr-2015-0413
: https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2015-0413

76. Creep Testing of One-Component Polyurethane and Emulsion Polymer Isocyanate Adhesives for Structural Timber Bonding

Author:: Simon Aicher; Zachary Christian; Gordian Stapf
Source:: Forest products journal 2015 v.65 no.1-2 pp. 60-71
ISSN:: 0015-7473
Subject:: Picea abies; adhesives; emulsions; market share; polyurethanes; Europe
Abstract:: ... Moisture hardening one-component polyurethane (PU) adhesives and emulsion polymer isocyanate (EPI) adhesives have recently gained a considerable market share in structural timber gluing, especially in Europe. The creep behavior of bond lines between solid timber adherends with said adhesives, specifically nine PU and five EPI products, along with two phenolic resorcinol-formaldehyde (PRF) adhesive ...
DOI:: 10.13073/FPJ-D-14-00040
: https://doi.org/10.13073/FPJ-D-14-00040

77. Detection of the edible ectomycorrhizal fungus Lyophyllum shimeji colonising seedlings of cultivated conifer species in New Zealand

Author:: Sandra B. Visnovsky; Nicholas Cummings; Alexis Guerin-Laguette; Yun Wang; Akiyoshi Yamada; Hisayasu Kobayashi; Masataka Kawai; Andrew R. Pitman
Source:: Mycorrhiza 2014 v.24 no.6 pp. 453-463
ISSN:: 0940-6360
Subject:: Lyophyllum; Picea abies; Pinus pinaster; Tricholoma matsutake; conifers; consumer demand; ectomycorrhizae; fruiting; fruiting bodies; genes; inoculum; intergenic DNA; internal transcribed spacers; mushrooms; phylogeny; polymerase chain reaction; prices; seedlings; taste; Europe; Japan; New Zealand
Abstract:: ... Lyophyllum shimeji is an edible ectomycorrhizal fungus that is widely distributed in East Asia and also present in the northern regions of Europe. In Japan, L. shimeji is a culinary delicacy, considered amongst all edible mushrooms to have the best taste and to be second only to Tricholoma matsutake in price. Traditionally, fruiting bodies of L. shimeji have been collected from the wild but fruiti ...
DOI:: 10.1007/s00572-013-0552-5
PubMed:: 24445577
: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-013-0552-5

78. Diel behaviour and time budget of the adult pine weevil Hylobius abietis

Author:: Frauke Fedderwitz; Niklas Björklund; Velemir Ninkovic; Göran Nordlander
Source:: Physiological entomology 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 103-110
ISSN:: 0307-6962
Subject:: Hylobius abietis; Picea abies; adults; egg production; females; forest regeneration; girdling; locomotion; males; plant response; seedlings; Europe
Abstract:: ... The pine weevil [Hylobius abietis (L.); Coleoptera: Curculionidae] has a high economic impact on forest regeneration in Europe. The general biology of the pine weevil has received considerable attention, although there is insufficient knowledge about its diel behaviour and time budget. Therefore, in the present study, the feeding and locomotion behaviour of individual adult weevils on Norway spruc ...
DOI:: 10.1111/phen.12053
: https://doi.org/10.1111/phen.12053

79. Dynamics of spruce bark beetle infestation spots: Importance of local population size and landscape characteristics after a storm disturbance

Author:: Simon Kärvemo; Björn Rogell; Martin Schroeder
Source:: Forest ecology and management 2014 v.334 pp. 232-240
ISSN:: 0378-1127
Subject:: reproductive success; beetle infestations; forest trees; bark beetles; landscapes; tree mortality; breeding; models; Picea abies; storms; summer; population size; stand basal area; Ips typographus; prediction; forests; Europe
Abstract:: ... The European spruce bark beetle Ips typographus (L.) is one of the most important pests of mature Norway spruce in Europe. Outbreaks are often triggered by large-scale storm disturbances, which provide the beetles with a large surplus of suitable breeding material in the form of wind-felled spruces in storm gaps. Due to high reproductive success in storm-felled trees beetle populations may become ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.09.011
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2014.09.011

80. Impact of soil drainage to the radial stem growth of Norway spruce (Picea Abies L. Karst.) in peatland forests

Author:: Barbora Klempířová; Lukáš Dragoun; Róbert Marušák
Source:: Lesnicky casopis 2014 v.59 no.4 pp. 240-247
ISSN:: 0323-1046
Subject:: Picea abies; dendrochronology; drainage; ecosystems; forest stands; forest trees; forests; mining; natural resources conservation; peat; peatlands; soil; stem elongation; t-test; Europe
Abstract:: ... Peatland Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) forests represent very valuable ecosystems with considerable importance for nature conservation. However, a lot of peatland forests have been drained or used for opencast mining of peat. Since dendrochronological and dendroecological studies on trees growing on peatlands in Europe are not many, this study aimed to reconstruct the impact of drainage to ...
DOI:: 10.2478/v10114-011-0031-x
: https://doi.org/10.2478/v10114-011-0031-x

81. Piceacecis (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), a New Genus for a Non-Native Pest of Norway Spruce from Europe and its North American Relative

Author:: Gagné Raymond J.; Graney Lorraine
Source:: Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 2014 v.116 no.4 pp. 378-393
ISSN:: 0013-8797
Subject:: Dasineura; Mayetiola; Picea abies; Picea glauca; adults; branches; burrows; eggs; galls; larvae; new combination; new genus; pests; planting; shoots; spring; trees; Europe; North America
Abstract:: ... Dasineura abietiperda (Henschel), a European pest of Norway spruce, Picea abies (Pinaceae), is reported as new to northeastern North America where the tree is widely planted and valued as an ornamental. Adult gall midges emerge in early spring, mate and deposit eggs on twigs or new shoots. The larvae burrow into tissue causing swellings to form under bud scales and less frequently along shoots or ...
DOI:: 10.4289/0013-8797.116.4.378
: https://doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797.116.4.378

82. Projections of regional changes in forest net primary productivity for different tree species in Europe driven by climate change and carbon dioxide

Author:: Christopher Reyer; Petra Lasch-Born; Felicitas Suckow; Martin Gutsch; Aline Murawski; Tobias Pilz
Source:: Annals of forest science 2014 v.71 no.2 pp. 211-225
ISSN:: 1286-4560
Subject:: Fagus; Picea abies; Pinus sylvestris; carbon dioxide; climate; climate change; climate models; environmental factors; forest growth; forest management; forests; growth models; physiological response; planning; primary productivity; trees; Central European region; Europe; Northern European region; Southern European region
Abstract:: ... • CONTEXT : Projecting changes in forest productivity in Europe is crucial for adapting forest management to changing environmental conditions. • AIMS : The objective of this paper is to project forest productivity changes under different climate change scenarios at a large number of sites in Europe with a stand-scale process-based model. • METHODS : We applied the process-based forest growth mode ...
DOI:: 10.1007/s13595-013-0306-8
: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-013-0306-8

83. Allocation of five macroelements and quality of fuels derived from Norway spruce wood obtained by thinning operations

Author:: Leonardo Cerasino; Nicola La Porta
Source:: Biomass and bioenergy 2014 v.70 pp. 553-556
ISSN:: 0961-9534
Subject:: Picea abies; air quality; biomass; branches; calcium; combustion; emissions; environmental sustainability; forests; fuelwood; harvesting; leaves; magnesium; markets; mineral content; nitrogen; nitrogen oxides; ozone; phosphorus; plant tissues; potassium; tree age; trees; whole tree harvesting; wood chips; wood quality; Europe
Abstract:: ... The use of forest biomass for energy production is growing in Europe and biomass energy plants market is constantly increasing. However, there is the need to define the environmental sustainability issues dealing with the emerging renewable energy scenario. In particular, the polluting emissions (i.e. PMx, NOx and ozone) caused by the biomass combustion heavily impact on the air quality. In this c ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2014.08.006
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2014.08.006

84. Converting probabilistic tree species range shift projections into meaningful classes for management

Author:: Marc Hanewinkel; Dominik A. Cullmann; Hans-Gerd Michiels; Gerald Kändler
Source:: Journal of environmental management 2014 v.134 pp. 153-165
ISSN:: 0301-4797
Subject:: Fagus sylvatica subsp. sylvatica; General Circulation Models; Picea abies; algorithms; climatic factors; data collection; forest inventory; forests; linear models; meteorological data; niches; population structure; risk; trees; uncertainty; Europe
Abstract:: ... The paper deals with the management problem how to decide on tree species suitability under changing environmental conditions. It presents an algorithm that classifies the output of a range shift model for major tree species in Europe into multiple classes that can be linked to qualities characterizing the ecological niche of the species. The classes: i) Core distribution area, ii) Extended distri ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.01.010
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.01.010

85. Ecological consequences of Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) cultivation in Europe

Author:: Max Schmid; Marco Pautasso; Ottmar Holdenrieder
Source:: European journal of forest research 2014 v.133 no.1 pp. 13-29
ISSN:: 1612-4669
Subject:: Abies alba; Ailanthus altissima; Fagus sylvatica subsp. sylvatica; Picea abies; Pinus; Prunus serotina; Pseudotsuga menziesii; Robinia pseudoacacia; arthropod communities; arthropods; birds; conifers; environmental impact; forests; fungi; ground vegetation; microclimate; pests; planting; soil chemistry; trees; winter; Europe; North America; South Africa
Abstract:: ... Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) was first introduced to Europe from North America more than 150 years ago, was then planted on a large scale and is now the economically most important exotic tree species in European forests. This literature review summarizes the current knowledge on the effects of Douglas fir on soil chemistry, plants, arthropods and fungi. Douglas fir shapes it ...
DOI:: 10.1007/s10342-013-0745-7
: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-013-0745-7

86. Einfluss des Querschnitts und der Bestimmung der Ästigkeit auf die Festigkeit von visuell sortierter Fichte

Author:: Peter Stapel; Jan-Willem G. van de Kuilen
Source:: European Journal of Wood and Wood Products 2014 v.72 no.2 pp. 213-227
ISSN:: 0018-3768
Subject:: Picea abies; knots; wood quality; Europe
Abstract:: ... The strength of graded timber is determined by a multitude of parameters. Properties of interest are the shape of the cross-section and the wood quality. With regard to strength, wood quality is primarily expressed in terms of knots and knot clusters which, together with the cross-section of the timber, are used to calculate knot ratios. By applying the visual grading rules as given in the German ...
DOI:: 10.1007/s00107-013-0771-7
: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-013-0771-7

87. Hydraulic and biomechanical optimization in norway spruce trunkwood – a review

Author:: Sabine Rosner
Source:: IAWA journal v.34 no.4 pp. 365-390
ISSN:: 0928-1541
Subject:: Picea abies; biomechanics; drought; forest trees; foresters; global warming; lumber; mechanical properties; nutrients; provenance; screening; secondary xylem; structure-activity relationships; tree trunk; wood; wood properties; woody plants; Europe
Abstract:: ... Secondary xylem (wood) fulfills many of the functions required for tree survival, such as transport of water and nutrients, storage of water and assimilates, and mechanical support. The evolutionary process has optimized tree structure to maximize survival of the species, but has not necessarily optimized the wood properties needed for lumber. Under the impact of global warming, knowledge about st ...
DOI:: 10.1163/22941932-00000031
: https://doi.org/10.1163/22941932-00000031

88. Influence of the substrate and ecosystem attributes on the decomposition rates of coarse woody debris in European boreal forests

Author:: Ekaterina Shorohova; Ekaterina Kapitsa
Source:: Forest ecology and management 2014 v.315 pp. 173-184
ISSN:: 0378-1127
Subject:: Abies sibirica; Betula pendula; Betula pubescens; Picea abies; Picea obovata; Pinus sibirica; Pinus sylvestris; Populus tremula; biodiversity; boreal forests; carbon; chronosequences; climatic factors; coarse woody debris; forest ecosystems; forest stands; snags; stumps; temperature; tree mortality; trees; uncertainty; Europe
Abstract:: ... Narrowing the uncertainties in coarse woody debris (CWD) decomposition rates depending on the ecosystem and substrate attributes can improve our understanding of biodiversity patterns and carbon dynamics in forest ecosystems. We estimated decomposition rates of aboveground CWD, represented by fallen and leaning logs, stumps and snags >8cm in diameter sampled at eight sites in European boreal fores ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.12.025
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2013.12.025

89. Modelling height to diameter ratio – an opportunity to increase Norway spruce stand stability in the Western Carpathians

Author:: Michal Bošeľa; Bohdan Konôpka; Vladimír Šebeň; Jozef Vladovič; Brian Tobin
Source:: Lesnicky casopis 2014 v.60 no.2 pp. 71-80
ISSN:: 0323-1046
Subject:: Picea abies; altitude; forest inventory; forests; managers; models; site index; stand density; storm damage; storms; trees; windthrow; Carpathian region; Europe
Abstract:: ... Norway spruce is one of the most widespread and economically important coniferous species in Europe and is also one of the tree species most mechanically sensitive to windthrow and consequently, is frequently damaged by storms. As height-to-diameter (HD) ratio has long been identified as an indicator of stand static stability, the main factors affecting the ratio in Norway spruce stands in the Wes ...
DOI:: 10.2478/forj-2014-0007
: https://doi.org/10.2478/forj-2014-0007

90. Modelling the Holocene migrational dynamics of Fagus sylvatica L. and Picea abies (L.) H. Karst

Author:: Doerte Lehsten; Stefan Dullinger; Karl Hülber; Guy Schurgers; Rachid Cheddadi; Henri Laborde; Veiko Lehsten; Louis François; Marie Dury; Martin T. Sykes
Source:: Global ecology and biogeography 2014 v.23 no.6 pp. 658-668
ISSN:: 1466-822X
Subject:: Fagus sylvatica subsp. sylvatica; Picea abies; climate; fecundity; hybrids; models; trees; vegetation; Europe
Abstract:: ... AIM: Vegetation dynamics and the competitive interactions involved are assumed to restrict the ability of species to migrate. But in most migration modelling approaches disturbance‐driven succession and competition processes are reduced to simple assumptions or are even missing. The aim of this study was to test a combination of a migration model and a dynamic vegetation model to estimate the migr ...
DOI:: 10.1111/geb.12145
: https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12145

91. Optical properties of leaves and needles for boreal tree species in Europe

Author:: Petr Lukeš; Pauline Stenberg; Miina Rautiainen; Matti Mõttus; Kalle M. Vanhatalo
Source:: Remote sensing letters 2013 v.4 no.7 pp. 667-676
ISSN:: 2150-7058
Subject:: Betula pendula; Picea abies; Pinus sylvestris; canopy; chlorophyll; conifers; leaf area; leaves; models; nitrogen; photosynthesis; radiative transfer; reflectance; remote sensing; spectral analysis; tissues; transmittance; trees; Europe
Abstract:: ... Reliable information on the optical properties of leaves and needles is needed for parameterization of radiative transfer models and interpretation of remotely sensed data. The optical properties also convey information about the structure and biochemical constituents of the leaf or needle tissues, and can be linked to the photosynthetic processes of plants. Currently, very little is known about t ...
DOI:: 10.1080/2150704X.2013.782112
: https://doi.org/10.1080/2150704X.2013.782112

92. A density management diagram for Norway spruce in the temperate European montane region

Author:: Giorgio Vacchiano; R. Justin Derose; John D. Shaw; Miroslav Svoboda; Renzo Motta
Source:: European journal of forest research 2013 v.132 no.3 pp. 535-549
ISSN:: 1612-4669
Subject:: silvicultural practices; managers; roads; recreation; allometry; afforestation; forest yields; models; mountains; Picea abies; forest stands; trees; even-aged stands; conifers; habitats; avalanches; forests; Europe
Abstract:: ... Norway spruce is one of the most important conifer tree species in Europe, paramount for timber provision, habitat, recreation, and protection of mountain roads and settlements from natural hazards. Although natural Norway spruce forests exhibit diverse structures, even-aged stands can arise after disturbance or as the result of common silvicultural practice, including off-site afforestation. Many ...
DOI:: 10.1007/s10342-013-0694-1
: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-013-0694-1

93. A new phylogeny for the genus Picea from plastid, mitochondrial, and nuclear sequences

Author:: Jared D. Lockwood; Jelena M. Aleksić; Jiabin Zou; Jing Wang; Jianquan Liu; Susanne S. Renner
Source:: Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 2013 v.69 no.3 pp. 717-727
ISSN:: 1055-7903
Subject:: Picea abies; conifers; fossils; genomics; introgression; introns; models; monophyly; plastid DNA; population size; refuge habitats; Asia; Europe; North America
Abstract:: ... Studies over the past ten years have shown that the crown groups of most conifer genera are only about 15–25Ma old. The genus Picea (spruces, Pinaceae), with around 35 species, appears to be no exception. In addition, molecular studies of co-existing spruce species have demonstrated frequent introgression. Perhaps not surprisingly therefore previous phylogenetic studies of species relationships in ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.ympev.2013.07.004
PubMed:: 23871916
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2013.07.004

94. Bioincising of Norway spruce wood using wood inhabiting fungi

Author:: N. Thaler; B. Lesar; M. Kariž; M. Humar
Source:: International biodeterioration & biodegradation 2012 v.68 no. pp. 51-55
ISSN:: 0964-8305
Subject:: Antrodia vaillantii; Hypoxylon; Picea abies; Sclerophoma; durability; heartwood; mechanical properties; permeability; pretreatment; stain fungi; wood; Europe
Abstract:: ... Norway spruce (Picea abies) is one of the most important wood species in Europe. Its wood is frequently used for commercial applications. More extensive use is limited due to insufficient durability and low permeability. Particularly heartwood is difficult to impregnate. The aim of this preliminary study was to use wood inhabiting fungi for pre-treatment of spruce wood prior to impregnation. There ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2011.11.014
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2011.11.014

95. Characterization of fungal communities associated with the bark beetle Ips typographus varies depending on detection method, location, and beetle population levels

Author:: Luana Giordano; Matteo Garbelotto; Giovanni Nicolotti; Paolo Gonthier
Source:: Mycological progress 2013 v.12 no.1 pp. 127-140
ISSN:: 1617-416X
Subject:: Basidiomycota; Ips typographus; Ophiostoma; Picea abies; airborne microorganisms; bark; bark beetles; endophytes; forests; fungal communities; internal transcribed spacers; transcription (genetics); trees; wood; yeasts; Alps region; Europe
Abstract:: ... The Eurasian spruce bark beetle Ips typographus and their fungal associates can cause severe damage to Norway spruce forests. In this paper, by using both molecular and cultural methods, we compared fungal assemblages on bark beetles from different locations, characterized by different beetle population levels. Ips typographus was trapped in the western Alps in two outbreak and in two control area ...
DOI:: 10.1007/s11557-012-0822-1
: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-012-0822-1

96. Performance of a pellet boiler fired with agricultural fuels

Author:: Lara Carvalho; Elisabeth Wopienka; Christian Pointner; Joakim Lundgren; Vijay Kumar Verma; Walter Haslinger; Christoph Schmidl
Source:: Applied energy 2013 v.104 no. pp. 286-296
ISSN:: 0306-2619
Subject:: Miscanthus; Picea abies; Sorghum bicolor; Triticum aestivum; Vitis vinifera; Zea mays; biofuels; biomass; chemical composition; cleaning; combustion; corn; dust emissions; environmental performance; hay; heat exchangers; heat production; prices; pruning; rye flour; straw; vineyards; wheat bran; wood; Europe
Abstract:: ... The increasing demand for woody biomass increases the price of this limited resource, motivating the growing interest in using woody materials of lower quality as well as non-woody biomass fuels for heat production in Europe. The challenges in using non-woody biomass as fuels are related to the variability of the chemical composition and in certain fuel properties that may induce problems during c ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.10.058
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.10.058

97. Persisting bark beetle outbreak indicates the unsustainability of secondary Norway spruce forests: case study from Central Europe

Author:: Tomáš Hlásny; Marek Turčáni
Source:: Annals of forest science 2013 v.70 no.5 pp. 481-491
ISSN:: 1286-4560
Subject:: Ips typographus; Picea abies; bark beetles; case studies; climate; ecosystems; felling; forest management; forests; kriging; models; species diversity; trees; Central European region; Europe
Abstract:: ... • CONTEXT: Secondary Norway spruce forests in the Western Beskids are among the most damaged forests in Europe. Although spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus) has been recently causing large-scale damage to these forests, our understanding of I. typographus dynamics in this environment is inadequate for evaluating forest sustainability. • AIM: This study aims to evaluate the patterns of damage caus ...
DOI:: 10.1007/s13595-013-0279-7
: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-013-0279-7

98. The impact of Norway spruce planting on herb vegetation in the mountain beech forests on two bedrock types

Author:: František Máliš; Karol Ujházy; Anna Vodálová; Ivan Barka; Vladimír Čaboun; Zuzana Sitková
Source:: European journal of forest research 2012 v.131 no.5 pp. 1551-1569
ISSN:: 1612-4669
Subject:: Picea abies; bedrock; canopy; carbonate rocks; carbonates; dolomite; ground cover plants; ground vegetation; herbs; montane forests; planting; soil; species diversity; trees; understory; Europe
Abstract:: ... Planting of spruce on the sites of natural beech forests is very common across Europe. Its effect on ground vegetation is assumed to be strong on poorly buffered soils. We investigate associated patterns of herb layer composition and diversity on crystalline and carbonate parent rock in the Western Carpathians. We analysed a series of vegetation plots with respect to the partial relationship of sp ...
DOI:: 10.1007/s10342-012-0624-7
: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-012-0624-7

99. The primary module in Norway spruce defence signalling against H. annosum s.l. seems to be jasmonate-mediated signalling without antagonism of salicylate-mediated signalling

Author:: Jenny Arnerup; Miguel Nemesio-Gorriz; Karl Lundén; Frederick O. Asiegbu; Jan Stenlid; Malin Elfstrand
Source:: Planta 2013 v.237 no.4 pp. 1037-1045
ISSN:: 0032-0935
Subject:: Heterobasidion; Phlebia gigantea; Picea abies; bark; biological control; ethylene; forest industries; forest trees; fungi; gene expression; gene induction; genes; jasmonic acid; karsts; phenylalanine ammonia-lyase; polymerase chain reaction; salicylic acid; seedlings; stems; Europe
Abstract:: ... A key tree species for the forest industry in Europe is Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.]. One of its major diseases is stem and butt rot caused by Heterobasidion parviporum (Fr.) Niemelä & Korhonen, which causes extensive revenue losses every year. In this study, we investigated the parallel induction of Norway spruce genes presumably associated with salicylic acid- and jasmonic acid/ethyle ...
DOI:: 10.1007/s00425-012-1822-8
PubMed:: 23223898
: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-012-1822-8

100. Diversity of wood-decaying fungi under different disturbance regimesâa case study from spruce mountain forests

Author:: Claus BÃ¤ssler; JÃ¶rg MÃ¼ller; Miroslav Svoboda; Anna LepÅ¡ovÃ¡; Christoph Hahn; Heinrich Holzer; VÃ¡clav Pouska
Source:: Biodiversity and conservation 2012 v.21 no.1 pp. 33-49
ISSN:: 0960-3115
Subject:: Antrodiella; Picea abies; bark beetles; biodiversity; case studies; conservation areas; decay fungi; decayed wood; forest reserves; forest stands; guidelines; habitat destruction; managers; montane forests; old-growth forests; salvage logging; screening; tree mortality; trees; Europe
Abstract:: ... Rapid destruction of forest habitats has led to the establishment of protected areas in formerly managed forests with the aim of restoring biodiversity. Conservation in spruce-dominated reserves is often contradicted by salvage logging after insect outbreaks. Here we study the community characteristics of wood decaying fungi in a high montane Norway Spruce forest with three different management ty ...
DOI:: 10.1007/s10531-011-0159-0
: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-011-0159-0

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1. Changes of tree stem biomass in European forests since 1950

2. Temperature effect on size distributions in spruce-fir-beech mixed stands across Europe

3. Effectiveness of new molecules against widespread moulds for food-safe hardwood and softwood packaging

4. Historical mixed-severity disturbances shape current diameter distributions of primary temperate Norway spruce mountain forests in Europe

5. Mixing effects on Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) productivity along a climatic gradient across Europe

6. Molecular and Chemical Screening for Inherent Disease Resistance Factors of Norway Spruce (Picea abies) Clones Against Conifer Stem Rot Pathogen Heterobasidion parviporum

7. Non-native Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) in Central Europe: Ecology, performance and nature conservation

8. The spatio-temporal pattern of release signals and tree growth in Fagus-Abies-Picea old-growth forests reveals unsteady gap-phase dynamics

9. Tree growth as affected by stem and crown structure

10. Variation in Downed Deadwood Density, Biomass, and Moisture during Decomposition in a Natural Temperate Forest

11. ﻿Integrative taxonomy reveals overlooked cryptic diversity in the conifer feeding Batrachedra pinicolella (Zeller, 1839) (Lepidoptera, Batrachedridae)

12. Asynchrony and Time-Lag between Primary and Secondary Growth of Norway Spruce Growing in Different Elevations

13. Bark stripping, the crucial factor affecting stem rot development and timber production of Norway spruce forests in Central Europe

14. Chlorophyll pigment and needle macronutrient responses and interactions to soil moisture and atmospheric CO2 treatments of eight pine and spruce species

15. Development of a highly efficient 50K single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping array for the large and complex genome of Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst) by whole genome resequencing and its transferability to other spruce species

16. Disturbance history is a key driver of tree life span in temperate primary forests

17. Ecology versus society: Impacts of bark beetle infestations on biodiversity and restorativeness in protected areas of Central Europe

18. Effects of heat on the dispersal performance of Ips typographus

19. Evidence of elevation-specific growth changes of spruce, fir, and beech in European mixed mountain forests during the last three centuries

20. Fire‐ and herbivory‐driven consumer control in a savanna‐like temperate wood‐pasture: An experimental approach

21. Modelling the Material Resistance of Wood—Part 1: Utilizing Durability Test Data Based on Different Reference Wood Species

22. Numerical study on the effects of macro climate and detailing on the relative decay hazard of Norway spruce

23. Raman imaging reveals in-situ microchemistry of cuticle and epidermis of spruce needles

24. Root Rot Resistance Locus PaLAR3 Is Delivered by Somatic Embryogenesis (SE) Pipeline in Norway Spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.)

25. Simulating conversion of even-aged Norway spruce into uneven-aged mixed forest: effects of different scenarios on production, economy and heterogeneity

26. Species stratification and weather conditions drive tree growth in Scots pine and Norway spruce mixed stands along Europe

27. The GenTree Leaf Collection: Inter‐ and intraspecific leaf variation in seven forest tree species in Europe

28. Tree diversity reduces the risk of bark beetle infestation for preferred conifer species, but increases the risk for less preferred hosts

29. Using associational effects of European beech on Norway spruce to mitigate damage by a forest regeneration pest, the pine weevil Hylobius abietis

30. Assessing transformation scenarios from pure Norway spruce to mixed uneven-aged forests in mountain areas

31. Association genetics identifies a specifically regulated Norway spruce laccase gene, PaLAC5, linked to Heterobasidion parviporum resistance

32. Changes of Norway Spruce Health in the Białowieża Forest (CE Europe) in 2013–2019 during a Bark Beetle Infestation, Studied with Landsat Imagery

33. Growth of Phlebiopsis gigantea in wood of seven conifer species

34. Identifying European Old-Growth Forests using Remote Sensing: A Study in the Ukrainian Carpathians

35. Interactive effects of water and CO₂ on light response efficiency and gas exchange traits in pine (Pinus) and spruce (Picea) species

36. Moderate- to High-Severity Disturbances Shaped the Structure of Primary Picea Abies (L.) Karst. Forest in the Southern Carpathians

37. Nitrogen deposition is the most important environmental driver of growth of pure, even-aged and managed European forests

38. Non‐pesticide alternatives for reducing feeding damage caused by the large pine weevil (Hylobius abietis L.)

39. The course of tree growth. Theory and reality

40. Tree Damage by Ice Accumulation in Norway Spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) Stands Regarding Stand Characteristics

41. Alternative tree species under climate warming in managed European forests

42. Ant and Earthworm Bioturbation in Cold-Temperate Ecosystems

43. Chilling and forcing temperatures interact to predict the onset of wood formation in Northern Hemisphere conifers

44. Comparison of Genetic Diversity in Naturally Regenerated Norway Spruce Stands and Seed Orchard Progeny Trials

45. Correlating phosphorus extracted by simple soil extraction methods with foliar phosphorus concentrations of Picea abies (L.) H. Karst. and Fagus sylvatica (L.)

46. Crossing borders – European forest reproductive material moving in trade

47. Growth-climate responses indicate shifts in the competitive ability of European beech and Norway spruce under recent climate warming in East-Central Europe

48. Impact of weather cues and resource dynamics on mast occurrence in the main forest tree species in Europe

49. Infection Levels of the Microsporidium Larssoniella duplicati in Populations of the Invasive Bark Beetle Ips duplicatus: From Native to New Outbreak Areas

50. Prediction of bending strength of thermally modified timber using high-resolution scanning of fibre direction

51. Range expansion of the small spruce bark beetle Ips amitinus: a newcomer in northern Europe

52. Successful reproduction and pheromone production by the spruce bark beetle in evolutionary naïve spruce hosts with familiar terpenoid defences

53. Tree differences in primary and secondary growth drive convergent scaling in leaf area to sapwood area across Europe

54. Carbon Pools in a Hemiboreal Over-Mature Norway Spruce Stands

55. Direct seeding of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) to convert Norway spruce (Picea Abies L.) forests in Europe: A review

56. Genetic variability and health of Norway spruce stands in the Regional Directorate of the State Forests in Krosno

57. Gut microbiota of the pine weevil degrades conifer diterpenes and increases insect fitness

58. Large‐scale disturbance legacies and the climate sensitivity of primary Picea abies forests

59. Over- and Underyielding in Time and Space in Experiments with Mixed Stands of Scots Pine and Norway Spruce

60. Oxygen isotopes in tree rings are less sensitive to changes in tree size and relative canopy position than carbon isotopes

61. The extent of historic translocation of Norway spruce forest reproductive material in Europe

62. Adaptive root foraging strategies along a boreal–temperate forest gradient

63. Climate drivers of bark beetle outbreak dynamics in Norway spruce forests

64. Conversion of Norway spruce forests in the face of climate change: a case study in Central Europe

65. Deadwood in Norway spruce dominated mountain forest reserves is characterized by large dimensions and advanced decomposition stages

66. Effects of single sewage sludge application on soil phytoremediation

67. Growth trends and climate responses of Norway spruce along elevational gradients in East-Central Europe

68. Recent similarity in distribution ranges does not mean a similar postglacial history: a phylogeographical study of the boreal tree species Alnus incana based on microsatellite and chloroplast DNA variation

69. Specific leaf area and leaf area index in developing stands of Fagus sylvatica L. and Picea abies Karst.

70. Two centuries of masting data for European beech and Norway spruce across the European continent

11. Integrative taxonomy reveals overlooked cryptic diversity in the conifer feeding Batrachedra pinicolella (Zeller, 1839) (Lepidoptera, Batrachedridae)

100. Diversity of wood-decaying fungi under different disturbance regimesâa case study from spruce mountain forests