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plant diseases and disorders; signs and symptoms (plants); Badnavirus; Ficus carica; Closterovirus; Orthotospovirus; figs; leaves
Abstract:
... Mosaic is the most widespread viral disease of fig, affecting the crop wherever it is grown. The causal agent of the disease was poorly characterized and until recently it was considered a virus-like agent with double membrane bound semispherical bodies transmitted by eriophyid mites. During the molecular characterization of the Fig mosaic virus we discovered two new closteroviruses and a new badn ...
Ficus carica; stone fruits; Carpophilus hemipterus; aggregation pheromones; insect traps; surveys; California
Abstract:
... The aggregation pheromone of Carpophilus hemipterus (a mixture of (2E,4E,6E,8E)-3,5,7-trimethyl-2,4,6,8-decatetraene, (2E,4E,6E,8E)-3,5,7-trimethyl-2,4,6,8-undecadecatetraene, (2E,4E,6E,8E)-7-ethyl-3,5-dimethyl-2,4,6,8-decatetraene and (2E,4E,6E,8E)-7-ethyl-3,5-dimethyl-2,4,6,8-undecatetraene) was field-tested in California. A 4-day preliminary study in plantings of figs and stone fruits was follo ...
... In the mutualism between figs (Ficus spp., Moraceae) and their species-specific fig wasp pollinators (Hymenoptera: Agaonidae), location of a receptive host tree by the adult insect is a critical step. The adult female wasp lives only a few days, and must usually fly to a different tree than her natal tree to locate receptive figs. Trees in receptive phase often occur at very low densities. Reprodu ...
... Abiotic and biotic factors and their effects on germination of fig drupelets were studied. The drupelets germinated between 10oC and 30oC.Constant humidity was necessary for germination and frequent drying out of the substrate was unfavourable. Total darkness for the whole duration of the experiments had a slighly negative effect on germination. The fastest germination occurred at constant humidit ...
... Although 23 different Aspergillus spp. decayed figs in California orchards, only A. niger occurred in more than 0.2% of the figs. The black-spored Aspergillus isolates that caused the disease fig smut were classified as A. niger var. niger, A. niger var. awamori, A. japonicus, and A. carbonarius. Different fungi differed in their association with Aspergillus Section Nigri (causal agents of fig smu ...
... Boron is generally considered to be phloem immobile or to have only limited phloem mobility in higher plants. Evidence suggests, however, that B may be mobile in some species within the Pyrus, Malus and Prunus genera. These genera utilize sorbitol as a primary translocated photosynthate and it has been clearly demonstrated that B forms stable complexes with sorbitol in vitro. In the research prese ...
... Flower fragrances are important stimuli in attracting insect pollinators. Different odours attract different pollinators and can, in some cases, achieve specific relationships. Among highly specific pollination systems, the genus Ficus (Moraceae) represents one extreme example, as each Ficus is pollinated by its specific wasp species. The identification of a receptive fig occurs in two steps and c ...
... A reliable procedure for multiple-shoot induction and plantlet regeneration was developed with apical buds collected from 7- to 8-year-old trees of Ficus carica L. using Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine and 0.2 mg/l 1-naphthaleneacetic acid. The in-vitro-regenerated shoots were further multiplied on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l 6-benzylaminop ...
... Fig trees (Ficus carica L. cv. Pellejo Duro) were sampled during four consecutive years (1992-95). Nutrient element concentrations, fruit yield, and optimal ranges for the nutrient elements and physiological parameters were determined. ...
... Pollination of the edible fig (Ficus carica cv. Calimyrna) is mediated by a small symbiotic wasp, Blastophaga psenes, that inhabits the syconium cavity of the spring crop of fig pollinator trees (caprifigs). These fig wasps also carry propagules, mainly of Fusarium verticillioides (formerly F. moniliforme) and other Fusarium spp., which cause endosepsis, from pollinator figs to the edible Calimyrn ...
... The role of the common raven (Corvus corax; Corvidae) as a seed dispersal agent for plants in the Canary Islands was studied by analysing 2672 pellets collected from all islands of the archipelago. Seeds of 16 species of phanerogams were found (four endemic to the Canaries, three endemic to the Macaronesian islands, six not endemic, and three introduced by man). Vegetation in this archipelago is h ...