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... Rickettsiales (Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Rickettsia spp.) are regarded as potentially emerging tick-borne pathogens and may change in abundance in response to global climate change. However, continuous monitoring on their prevalence in questing ticks is only available for the northern German city of Hanover. In the presented follow-up of this long-term study, 2100 questing ticks of the Ixodes ...
... (1) Background: Fine roots (≤2 mm in diameter) play a critical role in forest ecosystem ecological processes and has been widely identified as a major research topic. This study aimed to synthesize the global literature based on the Web of Science Core Collection scientific database from 1992 to 2020 and summarize the research trends and prospects on research of fine roots in forest ecosystems. A ...
... Our objective was to assess the effect of changes in rainfall amount and distribution on CO₂ emissions and dissolved organic C (DOC) leaching. We manipulated soil moisture, using a roof constructed below the canopy of a 65-yr-old Norway spruce plantation [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] at Solling, Germany. We simulated two scenarios: a prolonged summer drought of 172 d followed by a rewetting period of ...
Caroline Hallin; Jacobus L. A. Hofstede; Grit Martinez; Jürgen Jensen; Nina Baron; Thorsten Heimann; Aart Kroon; Arne Arns; Björn Almström; Per Sørensen; Magnus Larson
... From November 12th to 13th in 1872, an extreme coastal flood event occurred in the south Baltic Sea. An unusual combination of winds created a storm surge reaching up to 3.5 m above mean sea level, which is more than a meter higher than all other observations over the past 200 years. On the Danish, German, and Swedish coasts, about 300 people lost their lives. The consequences of the storm in Denm ...
European Union; climate change; electricity; energy costs; exports; fuels; issues and policy; markets; monitoring; planning; power generation; power plants; primary energy; solar collectors; solar farms; China; Germany; United States
Abstract:
... To combat climate change and fulfill the national target of having 15% of primary energy from non-fossil fuels by 2020, China's central government is making every effort to promote PV generation, especially in the context of deteriorating export markets for China's PV industry, resulting from anti-dumping and anti-subsidy campaigns launched by United States and European Union. PV generation PV gen ...
... The number of severe storm events has increased in recent decades due to climate change. These storms are one of the main causes for timber loss in European forests and damaged areas are prone to further degradation by, for example, bark beetle infestations. Usually, manual mapping of damaged areas based on aerial photographs is conducted by forest departments. This is very time-consuming and ther ...
... Among the parameters of global climate change the increases of the atmospheric CO2 concentration and of temperature, both of which affect plant growth and development, are of prime importance. However, with respect to the importance of these climate changes for global food security little is known on the possible interactions of these prominent changes on crop growth. This is holds also true for a ...
climate change; hydrologic models; model validation; rivers; simulation models; water; water management; Germany
Abstract:
... This study introduces a holistic approach for the hydrological modelling of peak flows for the major Bavarian river basins, referred to as Hydrological Bavaria. This approach, intended to develop a robust modelling framework to support water resources management under climate change conditions, comprises a regionalized parameterization of the water balance simulation model (WaSiM) for 98 catchment ...
Steffen Zacharias; Heye Bogena; Luis Samaniego; Matthias Mauder; Roland Fuß; Thomas Pütz; Mark Frenzel; Mike Schwank; Cornelia Baessler; Klaus Butterbach-Bahl; Oliver Bens; Erik Borg; Achim Brauer; Peter Dietrich; Irena Hajnsek; Gerhard Helle; Ralf Kiese; Harald Kunstmann; Stefan Klotz; Jean Charles Munch; Hans Papen; Eckart Priesack; Hans Peter Schmid; Rainer Steinbrecher; Ulrike Rosenbaum; Georg Teutsch; Harry Vereecken
... Multicompartment and multiscale long-term observation and research are important prerequisites to tackling the scientific challenges resulting from climate and global change. Long-term monitoring programs are cost intensive and require high analytical standards, however, and the gain of knowledge often requires longer observation times. Nevertheless, several environmental research networks have be ...
Census of Agriculture; autocorrelation; climate change; climate models; equations; income; soil quality; spring; temperature; weather stations; Germany
Abstract:
... Based on a Ricardian analysis accounting for spatial autocorrelation and relying on recent climate change forecasts at a low spatial scale, this study assesses the impact of climate change on German agriculture. Given the limited availability of data (e.g., the unknown average soil quality at the district level), a spatial error model is used in order to obtain unbiased marginal effects. The Ricar ...
agricultural industry; case studies; climate change; energy conservation; food security; greenhouses; horticulture; interviews; natural resources; supply chain; Germany
Abstract:
... To meet worldwide challenges such as restricted natural resources, climate change, food-security or higher consumer demands, innovative solutions in agriculture and its subsectors are required. In order to make agricultural innovation systems more effective, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms of innovation processes. Nonetheless, innovation research has been marginalized by horticultural ...
Enchytraeidae; European Union; application rate; climate change; ecosystems; environmental factors; pyrimethanil; soil solution; soil water; Germany; Portugal
Abstract:
... Today’s ecosystems are influenced by different factors that could evolve into stressors. Effects of pesticides, especially in agricultural areas, may interact with environmental factors, such as soil moisture fluctuation caused by global climate change. In this contribution, two semi-field studies conducted in Germany and Portugal with terrestrial model ecosystems are presented. Their aim was to a ...
Fagus sylvatica subsp. sylvatica; climate; climate change; deciduous forests; forest trees; genes; genetic markers; histones; probability; seedlings; single nucleotide polymorphism; Central European region; Germany
Abstract:
... European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) is one of the most important deciduous forest tree species in Central Europe. Nevertheless, its adaptation potential to climate change is controversially discussed, and little is known about the molecular basis of climate change-relevant traits like bud burst. Here, we directly observed bud burst of beech seedlings originating from six different populations in N ...
... Markgrafenheide-Hütelmoor covers a total area of 1000 ha (about 490 ha are coastal moor) and a coastline of about 6 km. This touristy area belongs to the city of Rostock in Germany. As response to sea level rise and heavy coastal erosion, the small seaside resort Markgrafenheide received a comprehensive storm surge protection until 2006. Subsequently, the adjacent Hütelmoor was flooded with the ai ...
... In this study we investigate pollen and oxygen isotopes of moss cellulose from the peat bog ‘Dürres Maar’ in the Eifel low mountain range, Germany (450 m a.s.l.) to quantitatively infer mid-Holocene climate change for the period between ~7000 and 3800 cal. BP. Pollen was analysed on the same samples from which Sphagnum leaves were isolated to extract cellulose for the determination of its oxygen i ...
accounting; carbon; carbon dioxide; climate; climate change; economic structure; ecosystem services; emissions; exports; imports; international trade; issues and policy; models; Germany; Hungary; Netherlands; United Kingdom
Abstract:
... In recent years there has been growing concern about the emission trade balances of countries. This is due to the fact that countries with an open economy are active players in international trade. Trade is not only a major factor in forging a country's economic structure, but contributes to the movement of embodied emissions beyond country borders. This issue is especially relevant from the carbo ...
D.E. Bowler; P. Haase; I. Kröncke; O. Tackenberg; H.G. Bauer; C. Brendel; R.W. Brooker; M. Gerisch; K. Henle; T. Hickler; C. Hof; S. Klotz; I. Kühn; S. Matesanz; R. O‘Hara; D. Russell; O. Schweiger; F. Valladares; E. Welk; M. Wiemers; K. Böhning-Gaese
Carabidae; Chiroptera; Collembola; birds; butterflies; climate change; data collection; ecosystems; grasslands; interspecific variation; microhabitats; natural resources conservation; niches; phenology; temperature; Central European region; Germany
Abstract:
... Advances in phenology and pole- and up-ward shifts in geographic ranges are well-documented signs that species are responding to climate change. A deeper understanding of such responses across ecologically different species groups will help to assess future consequences for entire ecosystems. A less well-studied pattern linked with climate change is increases in abundances of warm-adapted species ...
European Union; climate change; energy; issues and policy; quality of life; sustainable development; Czech Republic; Germany; Greece; Hungary; Ireland; Sweden
Abstract:
... Sustainable development as a concept that aims to enhance the quality of life without affecting environment has been in focus in European policies since the last decade of 20th century. The objectives of EU Sustainable Development Strategy (EU SDS) are grouped into ten thematic areas, where almost each theme has at least one headline and several operational sustainable development indicators (SDIs ...
climate change; electricity; households; information processing; lifestyle; models; prices; psychology; renewable energy sources; surveys; Germany
Abstract:
... Green energy, i.e. electricity stemming from renewable resources, can help mitigate climate change. This paper presents a social simulation (or agent-based model) that aims going one step in validating a dynamic psychological decision micro-theory that has been developed to include goals, deliberative decisions as well as status quo bias, social milieus, communication over personal networks, and s ...
Picea abies; climate; climate change; environmental factors; forest growth; forest management; forest stands; forests; growing season; models; nitrogen; prediction; site index; temperature; temporal variation; time series analysis; weather; Germany
Abstract:
... Accurate and reliable predictions of the future development of forest site productivity are crucial for the effective management of forest stands. Static models which simply extrapolate productivity into the future are inappropriate under conditions of environmental change since they lack a close link between fundamental environmental drivers and forest growth processes. Here we present a dynamic ...
Bernhard Schuldt; Allan Buras; Matthias Arend; Yann Vitasse; Carl Beierkuhnlein; Alexander Damm; Mana Gharun; Thorsten E.E. Grams; Markus Hauck; Peter Hajek; Henrik Hartmann; Erika Hiltbrunner; Günter Hoch; Meisha Holloway-Phillips; Christian Körner; Elena Larysch; Torben Lübbe; Daniel B. Nelson; Anja Rammig; Andreas Rigling; Laura Rose; Nadine K. Ruehr; Katja Schumann; Frank Weiser; Christiane Werner; Thomas Wohlgemuth; Christian S. Zang; Ansgar Kahmen
air temperature; climate change; drought; environmental impact; forest ecosystems; forest trees; growing season; heat; plant stress; plant-water relations; remote sensing; signs and symptoms (plants); summer; temperate forests; tree mortality; water stress; xylem; Austria; Central European region; Germany; Switzerland
Abstract:
... In 2018, Central Europe experienced one of the most severe and long-lasting summer drought and heat wave ever recorded. Before 2018, the 2003 millennial drought was often invoked as the example of a “hotter drought”, and was classified as the most severe event in Europe for the last 500 years. First insights now confirm that the 2018 drought event was climatically more extreme and had a greater im ...
... Climate change has been recognized as a main driver in the increasing occurrence of extreme weather. Weather indices (WIs) are used to assess extreme weather conditions regarding its impact on crop yields. Designing WIs is challenging, since complex and dynamic crop-climate relationships have to be considered. As a consequence, geodata for WI calculations have to represent both the spatio-temporal ...
cities; climate; climate change; decision making; funding; guidelines; human resources; issues and policy; laws and regulations; stakeholders; urban planning; Germany; Tanzania
Abstract:
... Cities are key actors in reducing both the causes of climate change (mitigation) and its impact (adaptation), and many have developed separate mitigation and adaptation strategies and measures. However, in order to maximize outcomes, both scholars and practitioners are increasingly calling for more integrated and synergetic approaches. Unfortunately, related research remains scarce and fragmented, ...
European Union; climate; climate change; climate models; exports; imports; international trade; labor productivity; temperature; uncertainty; Germany; Middle East; South East Asia
Abstract:
... We investigate climate change impacts transferred via foreign trade to Germany, a country that is heavily engaged in international trade. Specifically, we look at temperature changes and the associated labour productivity losses at a global scale until 2050. We assess the effects on Germany’s imports and exports by means of a global computable general equilibrium (CGE) model. To address uncertaint ...
... Participatory modeling approaches provide opportunities for collective action responding to challenges of community resource limitations. In the context of climate change, challenges arise from the potential limitations of water availability and resulting conflicts within the agricultural sector. Northeast Lower Saxony is the region with the highest irrigation intensity in Germany due to the sandy ...
agricultural land; bioenergy; case studies; climate change; crop production; crop rotation; crops; decision support systems; ecosystem services; expert opinion; funding; land degradation; land use planning; models; organic production; risk; rural development; soil erosion; tillage; Germany
Abstract:
... Regarding increasing pressures by global societal and climate change, the assessment of the impact of land use and land management practices on land degradation and the related decrease in sustainable provision of ecosystem services gains increasing interest. Existing approaches to assess agricultural practices focus on the assessment of single crops or statistical data because spatially explicit ...
animal husbandry; anthropogenic activities; climate; climate change; lakes; land use change; landscapes; paleoclimatology; palynology; sediments; socioeconomics; woodlands; Germany
Abstract:
... Annually laminated sediments of Lake Woserin in north-eastern Germany are investigated using sedimentological and palynological methods. They facilitate high-resolution reconstruction of environmental and land-use change during ca. 7000–4000 cal. BP. Between 6100 and 5800 cal. BP, changes in woodland composition and structure are evident which coincide with a change in subsistence strategy, that i ...
Parus major; air temperature; birds; climate; climate change; climate models; greenhouse gas emissions; greenhouse gases; oviposition; photoperiod; Germany
Abstract:
... The aim of this study was to select a phenological model that is able to calculate the beginning of egg laying of Great Tit (Parus major) for both current and future climate conditions. Four models (M1–M4) were optimised on long-term phenological observations from the Ecological Research Centre Schlüchtern (Hessen/Germany). Model M1 was a common thermal time model that accumulates growing degree d ...
... 1. Precise models for the phenology of different species are essential for predicting the potential effects of any temporal mismatch of life cycles with environmental parameters under different climate change scenarios. Here we investigated the effects of ambient water temperature on the onset and synchrony of emergence for a widespread European riverine dragonfly, Gomphus vulgatissimus. 2. Long-t ...
... Increasing anthropogenic pressures such as pollution, climate change or invasive species can have multiple impacts on ecosystems and the services (ES) they provide. To address the potential effects on ES provision, we propose a geospatial framework to identify and analyze the cumulative effects on terrestrial and freshwater ES. The framework includs an impact chain analysis based on ten pressures ...
Landsat; cities; climate change; green infrastructure; land cover; land use and land cover maps; landscapes; latitude; normalized difference vegetation index; remote sensing; residential areas; spatial data; urban areas; urban planning; urbanization; vegetation cover; Germany
Abstract:
... With global changes such as climate change and urbanization, land cover is prone to changing rapidly in cities around the globe. Urban management and planning is challenged with development pressure to house increasing numbers of people. Most up-to date continuous land use and land cover change data are needed to make informed decisions on where to develop new residential areas while ensuring suff ...
algae; algal blooms; algorithms; case studies; climate change; decision support systems; ecological value; ecosystems; filters; invasive species; littoral zone; monitoring; pollution; radar; radiometry; remote sensing; risk; salt marshes; seagrasses; sediments; shellfish; spectral analysis; texture; vector data; vegetation; vegetation index; water content; water quality; Germany; North Sea
Abstract:
... The tidal flats of the Wadden Sea are a highly dynamic and largely natural ecosystem with high economic and ecological value but which are also at risk due to climate change, rising sea levels, algae blooms, invasive species and marine pollution. There is a need for the detection of emerging changes and the potential loss of the natural or semi-natural ecosystems accompanied by a decrease in water ...
... We present a multi-trait approach to identify potentially vulnerable species of Ephemeroptera (mayflies), Plecoptera (stoneflies) and Trichoptera (caddisflies), collectively referred to as EPT, to the impacts of climate change (CC). The “climate change vulnerability score” (CCVS) is an aggregation of six autecological traits that are known to be associated with vulnerability to CC: endemism, micro ...
climate change; drought; equations; evapotranspiration; gas exchange; hops; irrigation scheduling; leaf area; meteorological data; prediction; transpiration; Czech Republic; Germany; United States
Abstract:
... More frequent drought spells, such as those during 2003 and 2015, and predictions of climate change raise the question of whether supplementary irrigation is needed in the hop-growing regions of Germany. For hop-growing regions such as the Yakima valley in the United States and Saaz in the Czech Republic, it is well established that irrigation stabilizes and increases the yield and quality of hop. ...
Bärbel Tiemeyer; Annette Freibauer; Elisa Albiac Borraz; Jürgen Augustin; Michel Bechtold; Sascha Beetz; Colja Beyer; Martin Ebli; Tim Eickenscheidt; Sabine Fiedler; Christoph Förster; Andreas Gensior; Michael Giebels; Stephan Glatzel; Jan Heinichen; Mathias Hoffmann; Heinrich Höper; Gerald Jurasinski; Andreas Laggner; Katharina Leiber-Sauheitl; Mandy Peichl-Brak; Matthias Drösler
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change; carbon dioxide; climate change; data collection; dissolved organic carbon; drainage; forestry; frequency distribution; greenhouse gases; greenhouses; inventories; land use change; methane; models; nitrous oxide; uncertainty; water table; Germany
Abstract:
... Drained organic soils are large sources of anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHG) in many European and Asian countries. Therefore, these soils urgently need to be considered and adequately accounted for when attempting to decrease emissions from the Agriculture and Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) sectors. Here, we describe the methodology, data and results of the German approach for ...
... The roles of forest management and the use of timber for energy in the global carbon cycle are discussed. Recent studies assert that past forest management has been accelerating climate change, for example in Europe. In addition, the increasing tendency to burn timber is an international concern. Here, we show a new way of carbon accounting considering the use of timber as a carbon neutral transfe ...
climate change; data collection; issues and policy; local government; models; Canada; France; Germany; Netherlands; United Kingdom
Abstract:
... Comparative research on climate change adaptation policy struggles with robust conceptualization and measurement of adaptation policy. Using a policy mixes approach to address this challenge, we characterize adaptation policy based on a general model of how governments govern issues of societal interest. We argue that this approach allows for context-sensitive measurement of adaptation policy, whi ...
... Climate is a major determinant of the world's distribution of biodiversity and species ranges are expected to shift as the climate changes. For conservation policies to be cost-effective in the long run these changes need to be taken into account. To some extent, policies can be adapted over time, but transaction costs, lock-in effects and path dependence limit the extent to which such adaptation ...
case studies; climate change; developed countries; floods; land use; planning; risk; risk reduction; Germany
Abstract:
... Damage due to floods has increased during the last few decades, and further increases are expected in several regions due to climate change and growing vulnerability. To address the projected increase in flood risk, a combination of structural and non-structural flood risk mitigation measures is considered as a promising adaptation strategy. Such a combination takes into account that flood defence ...
... In the context of global climate change, greenhouse gas emissions have become increasingly serious. Steel companies make a great contribution to the annual CO₂ emissions, making this industry one of the key contributors to climate change. Many countries are paying high attention to the emission reduction technologies in the steel industry, and a trend has been established focusing on the reform an ...
Andreas Koutsodendris; Jörg Pross; Ulrich C. Müller; Achim Brauer; William J. Fletcher; Norbert Kühl; Emiliya Kirilova; Florence T.M. Verhagen; Andreas Lücke; André F. Lotter
... To gain insights into the mechanisms of abrupt climate change within interglacials, we have examined the characteristics and spatial extent of a prominent, climatically induced vegetation setback during the Holsteinian interglacial (Marine Isotope Stage 11c). Based on analyses of pollen and varves of lake sediments from Dethlingen (northern Germany), this climatic oscillation, here termed the “Old ...
bioeconomics; case studies; climate change; decision making; forests; governance; industry; issues and policy; sustainable forestry; uncertainty; wood; wood utilization; Germany
Abstract:
... Sustainable forestry and wood utilisation can play an important role in strengthening a renewable resource-based bioeconomy. Governing associated structural change processes is a complex task; it involves handling multiple demands on forests in a changing climate and the creation and perpetuation of innovation-friendly framework conditions in a variety of sectors and industries. In Germany, the Ch ...
... Accurately predicting future low flows offers an important basis for water management and environmental policy. However, given the considerable degree of uncertainty involved in current climate prognoses, alternative sources of information should also be taken into account. Accordingly, an innovative three-pillar approach was developed in the context of the interdisciplinary research project Clima ...
Lycaena; animals; butterflies; climate change; cold; host plants; land use change; landscapes; microclimate; microhabitats; mountains; summer; vegetation structure; Central European region; Germany
Abstract:
... The decline of butterflies exceeds those of many other animal taxa due to their high sensitivity to habitat alterations driven by land‐use change. Moreover, cold‐adapted species frequently suffer severe range retractions due to rising temperatures at their trailing‐edge range margins. In this study, we aim to identify drivers of occupancy of the post‐glacial relict species Lycaena helle at three s ...
Curculionidae; body size; climate change; forest ecosystems; forest insects; forests; host range; hosts; least squares; linear models; monitoring; pests; phylogeny; roots; trade; traps; variance; Czech Republic; France; Germany
Abstract:
... Scolytids have been studied more than any other group of forest insects, but most investigations have been restricted to only a few pest species. This bias hampers our understanding of variation in abundance and pest status. Even the simple question whether the abundance of scolytids can predicted by the same independent variables as their pest status is still a matter of debate. To explore this i ...
... BACKGROUND: Understanding the abundance of adverse environmental conditions e.g. frost, drought, and heat during critical crop growth stages, which are assumed to be altered by climate change, is crucial for an accurate risk assessment for cropping systems. While a lengthening of the vegetation period may be beneficial, higher frequencies of heat or frost events and drought spells are generally re ...
climate; climate change; ecosystems; forest dynamics; forest inventory; forestry development; landscapes; national parks; species diversity; stand development; temperature; trees; Alps region; Germany
Abstract:
... Climate change alters forest development pathways, with consequences for ecosystem services and biodiversity. As the rate of warming increases, ecosystem change is expected to accelerate. However, ecosystem dynamics can have many causes unrelated to climate (for example, disturbance and stand development legacies). The compound effects of multiple drivers remain largely unclear. Here, we assessed ...
... PURPOSE: This study examines the inter-annual variability of production data in an organic dairy farm and its effect on the estimation of product-related greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) using a detailed material flow model. It is believed that the examination of only one production year may not adequately reflect temporal representativeness and may therefore lead to unreliable results. The current ...
... Based on farm census data, we explore the climate‐dependent incidence of six farm types and the climate‐induced impacts on land rental prices in Germany. We apply a structural Ricardian approach by modeling the dominant farm type at 9,684 communities as depending on temperature, precipitation and other geographic variables. Rents per farm type are then modeled as depending on climate and other con ...
climate change; decision making; emissions; federal government; issues and policy; opportunity costs; temperature; uncertainty; Germany
Abstract:
... Windows delineating tolerable or "acceptable" conditions associated with climate change can be defined in terms of a variety of parameters; a preliminary window offered by the Scientific Advisory Council on Global Change of the Federal Government of Germany sets limits on temperature change and the rate of temperature change. Investment in adaptation can alter the size and shape of these windows, ...
planning; management systems; urban areas; European Union; model uncertainty; scientists; sea level; climate models; hydrologic models; climate; land use change; water management; climate change; stakeholders; landscapes; floods; vision; Scandinavia; North Sea; Germany; Netherlands; Belgium; Atlantic Ocean; Great Britain
Abstract:
... The climate scenarios of the IPCC suggest that adaptation to future climate change will be required. The North Sea Region, a marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean between Great Britain, Scandinavia, Germany, the Netherlands and Belgium, is particularly affected due to rising sea level and a changing water balance. Water management plays a key role in sustainable management of natural and societal res ...
climate; climate change; decision making; interviews; issues and policy; local government; meteorological data; planning; risk; uncertainty; England; Germany
Abstract:
... Planning for adaptation to climate change is often regarded to be a local imperative and considered to be more effective if grounded on a solid evidence base and recognisant of relevant climate projections. Research has already documented some of the challenges of making climate information usable in decision-making but has not yet sufficiently reflected on the role of the wider institutional and ...
drought; model uncertainty; altitude; forests; genetic factors; planting; issues and policy; climate; models; uncertainty analysis; climate change; provenance; growth performance; temperature; reforestation; seed orchards; Pseudotsuga menziesii; stand basal area; Western European region; Germany; Austria; Central European region; North America
Abstract:
... Recommendations on suitable seed sources for reforestation are usually model based and include uncertainties arising from model assumptions, parameter estimation, and future climate scenarios. Due to the long-lived nature of forests, such uncertainties need to be considered when developing guidance for managers and policy makers. We evaluate the uncertainties and apply our recently developed genet ...
European Union; biodiversity; case studies; climate change; funding; managers; planning; politics; risk management; uncertainty; Germany
Abstract:
... Conservation actions need to account for global climate change and adapt to it. The body of the literature on adaptation options is growing rapidly, but their feasibility and current state of implementation are rarely assessed. We discussed the practicability of adaptation options with conservation managers analysing three fields of action: reducing the vulnerability of conservation management, re ...
... This paper looks at climate adaptation from the perspective of institutional economics, focusing on local administrations and exploring their role as bureaucratic organizations dealing with nature-related systems where climate change is creating new interdependencies. The central aim is to reveal under what circumstances such adaptation takes place in a coordinated fashion, as opposed to adaptatio ...
Picea abies; adaptive management; climate; climate change; conifers; dieback; forest types; landscapes; models; spatial variation; species diversity; timber production; Central European region; Germany
Abstract:
... Developing adaptive forest management strategies is essential to maintain the provisioning of forest goods and services (FGS) under future climate change. We assessed how climate change and forest management affect forest development and FGS for a diverse case‐study landscape in Central Europe. Using a process‐based forest model (LandClim) we simulated forest dynamics and FGS under a range of clim ...
Mehmet Cüneyd Demirel; Alparslan Özen; Selen Orta; Emir Toker; Hatice Kübra Demir; Ömer Ekmekcioğlu; Hüsamettin Tayşi; Sinan Eruçar; Ahmet Bilal Sağ; Ömer Sarı; Ecem Tuncer; Hayrettin Hancı; Türkan İrem Özcan; Hilal Erdem; Mehmet Melih Koşucu; Eyyup Ensar Başakın; Kamal Ahmed; Awat Anwar; Muhammet Bahattin Avcuoğlu; Ömer Vanlı; Simon Stisen; Martijn J. Booij
... Although the complexity of physically-based models continues to increase, they still need to be calibrated. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in using new satellite technologies and products with high resolution in model evaluations and decision-making. The aim of this study is to investigate the value of different remote sensing products and groundwater level measurements in ...
Water Erosion Prediction Project; climate change; climate models; climatic factors; energy; forests; infrastructure; model validation; rain; time series analysis; Germany
Abstract:
... To estimate the impact of highly erosive precipitation on existing and planned forest infrastructure we deem the Forest Service WEPP Interfaces, based on the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP), feasible.As a first step towards testing WEPP and especially the implemented weather generator CLIGEN for conditions in Germany we evaluated the application of CLIGEN to calculate rain erosivities from ...
... Research highlights: The admixture of fir to pure European beech hardly affected soil-atmosphere CH4 and N2O fluxes but increased soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks at a site in the Black Forest, Southern Germany. Background and objectives: Admixing deep-rooting silver fir has been proposed as a measure to increase the resilience of beech forests towards intensified drying-wett ...
climate change; data collection; empirical research; energy conversion; environment; fossil fuels; innovation adoption; markets; pollution; trade liberalization; Germany
Abstract:
... Energy market liberalisation, concerns about environmental pollution and climate change, and the dependence on fossil fuel imports render the adoption and diffusion of distributed generation technologies a field of research increasingly recognised as important. This paper contains a brief overview of both commercially available and close-to-market distributed co-generation (CHP) technologies and f ...
Capreolus capreolus; climate change; climatic factors; herbivores; parturition; phenology; plasticity; spring; time series analysis; variance; vegetation; Germany
Abstract:
... In temperate habitats, the vegetation onset in spring affects the life cycle activities of large herbivores. For one species of large herbivore, roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), parturition is tied to peak resource availability. However, recent long‐term studies of the parturition date of roe deer found only limited support for its earlier occurrence with an earlier onset of spring. In this study, ...
climate change; data collection; meteorological data; models; risk; rivers; Germany; United Kingdom
Abstract:
... Flood hazard maps at trans‐national scale have potential for a large number of applications ranging from climate change studies, reinsurance products, aid to emergency operations for major flood crisis, among others. However, at continental scales, only few products are available, due to the difficulty of retrieving large consistent data sets. Moreover, these are produced at relatively coarse grid ...
Nymphalidae; climate change; entomology; estivation; flight; mark-recapture studies; migratory behavior; oviposition; phenology; summer; Central European region; Germany
Abstract:
... 1. Climate change has forced species to shift distribution, alter migration behaviour, or change phenology. One of these adaptation strategies is aestivation to overcome hot, dry summers. For example, the abundance of the Great Banded Grayling Brintesia circe Fabricius (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae) in Southern Germany used to show one flight peak between June and August, while now, a bimodal phenolog ...
Cydia pomonella; Venturia inaequalis; Vitis; agrometeorology; climate; climate change; fruit growing; fungi; hail; irrigation scheduling; meteorological data; probability; soil water; storms; sunburn; ultraviolet radiation; water shortages; water temperature; winter; Germany
Abstract:
... The agricultural meteorology station in Oppenheim recorded weather data since 1946 in this grapevine growing climate in the Southwest of Germany with an annual average of 10.4°C. This data analysis showed a 0.5°C increase in annual temperature over the last 60 years - similar to the 0.8°C averaged over all of Rheinland-Pfalz, but less than the 1.4°C in cooler fruit growing regions in Germany like ...
cities; climate; climate change; governance; issues and policy; local government; water management; Germany
Abstract:
... A growing number of cities in different world regions are forming transnational networks in order to mitigate and adapt to climate change. In this study, we are interested in the nexus between climate change and urban water management. How do transnational city networks for climate action perceive urban water management? What kind of activities do they adopt for improving urban water management? H ...
agronomy; alfalfa; case studies; climate change; composts; drought; issues and policy; microbial activity; risk perception; subsoil; water storage; Germany
Abstract:
... The subsoil, commonly defined as horizons below the working depth of 30 cm, often receives little attention in farming practice. Yet plants extract between 10 and 80% of their nutrient and water requirements from the subsoil. Recent research indicates that subsoil amelioration measures, which enhance water storage capacity, root penetration and microbial activity, could contribute to stabilizing y ...
... Despite climate change mitigation and sustainability agendas, road transport systems in Germany and the resulting environmental burden are growing. Road transport is a significant source of emissions in urban areas and the infrastructure has a significant impact on the urban form. Nevertheless, mobility is a fundamental requirement for the satisfaction of the human desire to socially and economica ...
Michael L. Zettler; Jan Beermann; Jennifer Dannheim; Brigitte Ebbe; Michael Grotjahn; Carmen-Pia Günther; Manuela Gusky; Britta Kind; Ingrid Kröncke; Ralph Kuhlenkamp; Claus Orendt; Eike Rachor; Anja Schanz; Alexander Schröder; Lisa Schüler; Jan Witt
... The present compilation is the first attempt to generate a comprehensive list of all macrozoobenthic species recorded at least once in the German regions of the North Sea and Baltic Sea including non-indigenous species and freshwater species which occurred in brackish waters (estuaries, bays, fjords etc.). Based on the data of several research institutes and consultancies, the macrozoobenthic spec ...
climate; climate change; evapotranspiration; groundwater recharge; lowlands; models; oxygen; rivers; summer; time series analysis; water quality; water temperature; watersheds; Germany
Abstract:
... Future climate changes might have some impacts on the discharge regime of rivers in Germany regarding, e.g., longer low-flow periods in summer months due to a decreased precipitation and increased evapotranspiration. During such low-flow periods, water temperature increases leading to a reduced oxygen concentration and a decrease in water quality. An assessment of such impacts is required to deriv ...
... Whereas the rise in temperature during the past 30-40 years has already had clear impacts on the phenology of fruit trees and pathogenic insects, there is a lack of such correlations for fungal pathogens. An examination of fruit rots indicates that pathogenic fungi react differentially to climate change due to their complex infection biology. The appearance of the black rot fungus Diplodia seriata ...
... An integrated approach for assessing the availability of groundwater under conditions of ‘global-change' is presented. The approach is embedded in the DANUBIA system developed by the interdisciplinary GLOWA-Danube Project to simulate the interaction of natural and socio-economic processes within the Upper Danube Catchment (UDC, 77,000 km² and located in parts of Germany, Austria, Switzerland and I ...
anthropogenic activities; climate change; drainage; floods; rivers; summer; time series analysis; variance; watersheds; winter; Czech Republic; Germany; Slovakia; Switzerland
Abstract:
... Annual and seasonal maximum daily discharge time series for 55 stations in central Europe (Germany, Switzerland, Czech Republic, and Slovakia) are used to examine flood frequency from a regional perspective. In this study we examine temporal nonstationarities in the flood peak records, and characterize upper tail and scaling properties of the flood peak distributions. There is a marked seasonality ...
... In this study, we explore the determinants of forest enterprises’ timber storage accumulation after severe storm events. The explanatory power of variables reflecting economic, institutional and tree species-related factors is tested via econometric analyses. Timber storage accumulation is assessed conducting a weighted multiple linear regression analysis. In addition, the moderating effect of tim ...
... Headwaters represent a significant fraction of the global stream length and are important for streamflow quality and quantity. Since climate change is predicted to affect runoff generation processes fundamentally, it is essential to understand potential consequences for the water availability in headwater catchments. The Lehstenbach catchment, located in the Fichtel Mountains (Germany), represents ...
air temperature; climate; climate change; climate models; cooling; cooling systems; heat; model validation; power plants; river water; Germany
Abstract:
... The majority of thermal power plants of more than 300 MW use river water for cooling purposes. Increasing water and air temperatures due to climate change can significantly impact the efficiency and the power production of these power plants. In this paper we analyse these impacts by modelling selected German thermal power plant units and their respective cooling systems through dynamic simulation ...
aquatic communities; basins; climate; climate change; climate models; greenhouse gas emissions; risk management; statistical analysis; stream flow; summer; time series analysis; watersheds; Germany
Abstract:
... Understanding and quantifying the effects of future climate change is currently one of the most pressing challenges in science and of high relevance for society. Most future climate change studies consider changes between arbitrary time periods. We specify these time periods by splitting climate-change impacted streamflow time series at instances of highest change, by using statistical tests. We u ...
... Climate change impact assessments form the basis for the development of suitable climate change adaptation strategies. For this purpose, ensembles consisting of stepwise coupled models are generally used [emission scenario → global circulation model → downscaling approach (DA) → bias correction → impact model (hydrological model)], in which every item is affected by considerable uncertainty. The a ...
... Providing consumers with groceries generates large quantities of waste at various supply-chain stages. Packaging-free supermarkets like “Original Unverpackt” (OU) in Berlin (Germany) aim to reduce this waste and the associated negative environmental impacts. To date, there have been no studies with comprehensive, quantitative environmental data for packaging-free supermarkets. In analyzing the OU ...
European Union; climate change; energy; energy conservation; energy policy; environmental markets; environmental protection; prices; renewable energy sources; sustainable development; Austria; Belgium; Denmark; Finland; France; Germany; Greece; Ireland; Italy; Luxembourg; Netherlands; Portugal; Spain; Sweden; United Kingdom
Abstract:
... In the last decades, sustainable development has been one of the key guiding principles in the European Union policies. It is based on a three-pillar framework – economic development, social development and environmental protection – that are interdependent and mutually reinforcing. As energy appears to be the cornerstone of economic growth, Europe 2020 strategy emphasizes the importance to make E ...
... The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of Rickettsiales (A. phagocytophilum and Rickettsia spp.) in 2100 I. ricinus ticks collected at 10 different sampling sites every month during the tick season 2010 in the city of Hanover, northern Germany. At the same time, the results served as a fifth-year-follow-up study to monitor whether changes or stagnation of tick infection rates – possib ...
Didem Ambarlı; Nadja K. Simons; Katja Wehner; Wiebke Kämper; Martin M. Gossner; Thomas Nauss; Felix Neff; Sebastian Seibold; Wolfgang Weisser; Nico Blüthgen
... Decomposition, vegetation regeneration, and biological control are essential ecosystem functions, and animals are involved in the underlying processes, such as dung removal, seed removal, herbivory, and predation. Despite evidence for declines of animal diversity and abundance due to climate change and land-use intensification, we poorly understand how animal-mediated processes respond to these gl ...
... Early plant selection for desirable traits is important in tree improvement programs and sustainable forest management. In this study, we demonstrate the use of image based high-throughput plant phenotyping (HTPP, LemnaTec 3D Scanalyzer, Germany), with Red, Green, Blue (RGB), and hyperspectral cameras, to quantify Quercus bicolor and Quercus prinoides seedlings growth and development [plant height ...
European Union; biodiversity; climate change; climatic zones; cold; ecoregions; ecosystems; environmental assessment; freshwater; laws and regulations; macroinvertebrates; pyrimethanil; risk; risk assessment; toxicity testing; Germany; Portugal
Abstract:
... At present, the European Union legislation facilitates the use of similar pesticides among European Member States, thereby assuming that biodiversity and ecosystems have equal sensitivities to contaminants throughout the whole of Europe. However, with this assumption, fundamental environmental and biological differences between climatic zones are being ignored in Environmental Risk Assessment. Suc ...
El Nino; aquifers; climate change; groundwater; monitoring; prediction; time series analysis; water supply; water table; wavelet; wells; Denmark; Germany; Netherlands; United Kingdom
Abstract:
... Groundwater is an important resource for drinking water supply, and is subject to natural variation as well as climate change effects. It has been shown that long-term natural variations of groundwater levels can often be attributed to climatic oscillations. Long-term groundwater level records are rare, but of special importance for the detection of longer, decadal to multi-decadal periodicities, ...
Internet; climate change; data collection; development policy; energy efficiency; energy policy; income; landscapes; markets; prices; urban development; Germany
Abstract:
... To address climate change, the decarbonisation of Germany’s existing building stock urgently needs to be prioritised. However, the rate and depth of refurbishment has lagged behind official targets for years. This is a particular problem in the rental sector, where the costs and benefits of energy efficiency measures tend to be unevenly distributed between landlords and tenants (the so-called ‘lan ...
European Union; carbon; climate change; empirical research; energy; energy policy; France; Germany; Italy; Spain; United Kingdom
Abstract:
... The European Green Deal has established a 2050 net-zero emissions target to tackle climate change. The manufacturing and energy sectors account for at least 40% of European emissions and are central in the transition to a low-carbon economy. Thus, devising suitable strategies for reaching net-zero emissions requires a comprehensive analysis of emissions reductions achieved by the two sectors. This ...
... It is crucial to define and quantify possible impacts of climate change on wildlife in order to be able to pre-adapt management strategies for nature conservation. Thus, it is necessary to assess which species might be affected by climatic changes, especially at the regional scale. We present a novel approach to estimate possible climate change induced turnovers in bird communities and apply this ...
Japan; Russia; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change; climate change; environmental policy; greenhouse gas emissions; pollution control; socioeconomic status; socioeconomics; sustainable development; Germany; India; Indonesia; Mexico
Abstract:
... Based on the announced (Intended) Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs), parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) have introduced greenhouse gas emission reduction goals. These goals are based on the country-specific long-term climate policy. However, these goals do not necessarily match the countries’ socio-economic statuses and environmental performance ...
... BACKGROUND: Forest management faces a climate induced shift in growth potential and increasing current and emerging new risks. Vulnerability analysis provides decision support based on projections of natural resources taking risks and uncertainties into account. In this paper we (1) characterize differences in forest dynamics under three management scenarios, (2) analyse the effects of the three s ...
Soil and Water Assessment Tool model; algorithms; climate change; climate models; evapotranspiration; planning; rivers; stream flow; temperature; watersheds; Germany
Abstract:
... The aim of this study was to assess the potential impacts of future climate change on the hydrological response in the upper reach of the Spree River catchment using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The model was calibrated for ten years (1997–2006) and validated with the data from four years (2007–2010) using average monthly stream flow. The impact of future climate change on precipitat ...
... Reducing overall household energy consumption through the application of information and communication technologies (ICT) can play an important role in the transformation towards sustainable consumption patterns, e.g. through the optimisation of energy-consuming processes. The challenge in the environmental assessment of ICT applications is to also consider their use-specific environmental effects ...
Hucho; Oncorhynchus mykiss; Salmo trutta; Thymallus; air temperature; bioclimatology; climate; climate change; economic valuation; fauna; fish communities; habitats; hydrobiology; models; risk; rivers; salmon; sport fishing; summer; water temperature
Abstract:
... This study assesses the impact of a changing climate on fish fauna by comparing the past mean state of fish assemblage to a possible future mean state. It is based on (1) local scale observations along an Inner-Alpine river called Mur, (2) an IPCC emission scenario (IS92a), implemented by atmosphere-ocean global circulation model (AOGCM) ECHAM4/OPYC3, and (3) a model-chain that links climate resea ...
... Climate change is assumed to have a regionally specific impact on the soil moisture regime. The impact of climate change on soil moisture can be expected to depend on the soil texture. Because soil moisture observations are not available operationally, models can be used to predict these changes. In this study, a soil vegetation atmosphere transfer scheme (SVAT) was applied to virtual soil columns ...
Landsat; biodiversity; climate change; data collection; food security; geospatial science and technology; land cover; planning; water quality; wetlands; China; Germany
Abstract:
... Global land cover (LC) maps have been widely employed as the base layer for a number of applications including climate change, food security, water quality, biodiversity, change detection, and environmental planning. Due to the importance of LC, there is a pressing need to increase the temporal and spatial resolution of global LC maps. A recent advance in this direction has been the GlobeLand30 da ...
climate; climate change; climate models; data collection; model validation; temperature; troposphere; water management; Brazil; Germany; Ukraine
Abstract:
... This study presents an assessment of global climate model (GCM) performances for the regions Arabian Peninsula, Brazil and Ukraine, all facing problems related to water availability as well as quality and so are the focus regions for investigations within the Integrated Water Resources Management Project ‘International Water Research Alliance Saxony’. Results from the model performance assessment ...
climate change; environmental impact; rivers; stream flow; Germany; Rhine River
Abstract:
... In light of recent anthropogenic-induced climate change, a burning question at present is how these changes influence the water regime of rivers, which are of vital importance for humans as well as for biota. In this study, we investigate the changes in the hydrologic regime of two major German rivers, Elbe and Rhine, after the middle of the 20th century. Here, we use the widely adopted Range of V ...
dairy cattle; dairy farming; organic production; environmental impact; animal welfare; milk quality; milk yield; grasslands; intensive livestock farming; farm surveys; pastures; feed rations; energy use and consumption; climate change; land use; ammonia; gas emissions; soil fertility; nitrate nitrogen; leaching; biodiversity; Germany
Abstract:
... Within the organic dairy farming sector in Germany, traditional mixed farms with relatively low yearly milk yields of around 6000kg per cow exist beside highly specialised grassland based farms with more than 9000kg milk yield per cow and year. Specialisation and intensification are discussed critically within the organic sector as negative environmental effects are expected. In this study the pot ...
European Union; biomass; climate change; electricity; electricity generation; energy industry; equipment; principal component analysis; wind; Austria; Finland; France; Germany; Ireland; Spain
Abstract:
... Renewable energy is the key pillar and plays an important role in the energy systems of European Union member states and in mitigating climate change. It is supporting the transition towards a greener, resource-efficient and more competitive, low-carbon European Union economy. Above-average, average and below-average values of monitored indicators in member states of the European Union in 2009–201 ...
Vicia faba; amplified fragment length polymorphism; betaine; chlorophyll; climate change; cold stress; cold tolerance; crop rotation; drought; faba beans; freezing; genetic improvement; genetic markers; genome-wide association study; glycine (amino acid); growth chambers; inbred lines; juveniles; leaves; phenotypic variation; proline; quantitative trait loci; regrowth; single nucleotide polymorphism; sugars; water content; water stress; Central European region; Germany
Abstract:
... In parts of Central Europe, such as Germany, climate change will lead to increasing area utilization for winter types of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) with improved tolerance to drought and freezing. Here, we present the first genome-wide association analysis focusing on drought and freezing stress in a set of 189 German winter faba bean lines. We assessed proline, glycine betaine, soluble sugars, wat ...