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1. Crop production comparison under various irrigation systems

Author:
Colaizzi, P.D.; Lamm, F.R.; Howell, T.A.; Evett, S.R.
Source:
Proceedings for the 2006 Central Plains Irrigation Conference, Colby, Kansas, Feb 21-22 pp. -
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; subsurface irrigation; Gossypium hirsutum; grain yield; Triticum aestivum; Zea mays; Glycine max; corn; center pivot irrigation; irrigated farming; winter wheat; cotton; grain sorghum; soybeans; microirrigation; irrigation rates; Sorghum bicolor; Kansas; Texas
Handle:
10113/2980

2. Evaluation of Caffeine and Garlic Oil as Bird Repellents

Author:
Linz, G.M.; Homan, H.J.; Penry, L.B.; Primus, T.M.; Goodall, M.J.
Source:
Proceedings / Sunflower Research Workshop pp. -
Subject:
chemical concentration; aerial application; caffeine; antifeeding activity; Helianthus annuus; bird repellents; garlic; plant fats and oils; bird control; Agelaius phoeniceus; vertebrate pests; helicopters; spraying
Handle:
10113/6254

3. Movements of house sparrows captured at an experimental grain station in Fargo, North Dakota

Author:
Montplaisir, Lisa M.; Linz, George M.; Tomanek, Debra; Penry, Linda B.; Bergman, David L.; Homan, H. Jeffrey
Source:
Proceedings of the 20th North American Prairie Conference : prairie invaders : held July 23-26, 2006, University of Nebraska at Kearney, Kearney, Nebraska / Joseph T. Springer and Elaine C. Springer, editors pp. -
Subject:
Passer domesticus; wild birds; vertebrate pests; population distribution; wildlife damage management; pest management; grain crops; Helianthus annuus; North Dakota
Abstract:
... From 2 August through 1 October 1993 we banded and leg flagged 362 house sparrows (126 adults, 236 juveniles) captured in a decoy trap at an experimental grain station on the campus of North Dakota State University, Fargo (NDSU). We documented sightings of leg-flagged birds between 3 August 1993 and 14 December 1994. Over this period, 56 (66%) of the total 76 observations of leg-flagged birds were ...
Handle:
10113/46111

4. Comparative values of sunflower silages made from plants cut at different stages of maturity, and the effect of salt on the palatability of the silage

Author:
Schoth, H.A.
Source:
Agronomy journal 1923 v.15 no.11 pp. 438-442
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; silage making; harvesting
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1923.00021962001500110002x

5. Yield and Mineral Composition of Alfalfa and Sunflowers as Influenced by the Degree of Reaction of Calcium Carbonate with Two Acid Soils

Author:
Aaron Baker; N. C. Brady
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1954 v.18 no.4 pp. 404-408
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; acid soils; alfalfa; application rate; calcium; calcium carbonate; manganese; mineral content; nutrient uptake; pH; plant analysis; planting; silt
Abstract:
... The comparative effects of reacted and unreacted CaCO₃ in two acid soils on the growth and nutrient uptake of alfalfa and sunflowers were determined. The soils, both Mardin silt loams, had pH values of 4.6 and 5.5 respectively, and CaCO₃ was applied at the rate of 1.35 tons per 2 × 10⁶ lbs. Reaction of CaCO₃ with the more acid soil increased the yields and calcium contents of both alfalfa and sunf ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1954.03615995001800040013x

6. An Evaluation of Permanent-Wilting Percentage, 15-Atmosphere Moisture Percentage, and Hygroscopic Coefficient of Three Soils in Eastern Nebraska

Author:
Scott A. Miller; A. P. Mazurak
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1955 v.19 no.3 pp. 260-263
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; field methods; plastic film; prediction; sandy loam soils; silt loam soils; silty clay loam soils; soil water; stems; subhumid zones; subsoil; Nebraska
Abstract:
... Permanent-wilting percentage, 15-atm. moisture percentage, and hygroscopic coefficient frequently have been used as indirect measures of the lower limit of readily available moisture for soils in situ. These three methods were evaluated by comparison with a field method for determining the lower limit of moisture readily available to sunflowers growing in Dickinson sandy loam, Wabash silt loam, an ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1955.03615995001900030003x

7. Effect of Douglas-Fir Sawdust Mulches and Incorporations on Soil Microbial Activities and Plant Growth

Author:
W. B. Bollen; K. C. Lu
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1957 v.21 no.1 pp. 35-41
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Alnus rubra; Helianthus annuus; Pinus ponderosa; Pseudotsuga menziesii; Thuja plicata; bark; carbon; carbon dioxide; carbon dioxide production; carbon nitrogen ratio; corn; crops; glucose; greenhouses; lignin; microbial activity; microorganisms; mulches; nitrogen; nitrogen fertilizers; organic matter; plant growth; resins; sawdust; soil pH; soil respiration; strawberries; toxicity; wheat straw; wood
Abstract:
... Sawdust and other wood wastes applied to soil may retard plant growth by inducing nitrogen deficiency but these effects with Douglas-fir are less pronounced than with many other residues of wide C:N ratio. While Douglas-fir wood is extremely low in nitrogen it is low also in available carbon. The predominating lignin-cellulose complex is resistant and only slowly metabolized, enabling a minimum am ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1957.03615995002100010009x

8. Relationships of Particle and Pore Sizes to the Growth of Sunflowers

Author:
Scott A. Miller; A. P. Mazurak
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1958 v.22 no.4 pp. 275-278
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; aeration; air; compacted soils; nutrient solutions; porosity; root growth; shoots; soil separates; stem elongation; water content
Abstract:
... Sunflowers (Helianthus annuus, L.) were grown in 20 compacted soil separates, ranging in diameters from 4,760 to 2.31µ, which contained pores of diameters between 529 to 2.23µ. Two moisture levels, 20-cm. water tension and moisture content at “flex point,” were imposed on the 20 separates. Nutrient solution was applied to the separates. Noticeably different growth rates of sunflowers were measured ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1958.03615995002200040001x

9. A Comparison of Several Methods for Evaluating the Potassium Status of Some Mississippi Soils

Author:
L. E. Nelson
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1959 v.23 no.4 pp. 313-316
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; NPK fertilizers; ammonium acetate; ammonium chloride; boiling; exchangeable potassium; greenhouse soils; greenhouses; heat; highlands; hydrochloric acid; nitric acid; nutrient solutions; photoperiod; potassium; sandy loam soils; temperature; Mississippi
Abstract:
... Potassium was extracted from soils by growing five sunflower plants (Helianthus annuus L. Var. Mammoth Russian) in 500 g. of soil in the greenhouse for 10 weeks. Adequate fertility was provided by adding periodically in small aliquots 1,400 ml. of a nutrient solution complete except for K. In preliminary experiments the effects of length of cropping period, addition of fertilizer K, and day length ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1959.03615995002300040026x

10. Effects of Aluminum on Sunflower Growth and Uptake of Boron and Calcium from Nutrient Solution

Author:
Charles C. Hortenstine; J. G. A. Fiskell
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1961 v.25 no.4 pp. 304-307
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; aluminum; boron; calcium; greenhouse production; nutrient solutions; plant height; roots
Abstract:
... The effects of aluminum in solution cultures on growth of sunflower plants and uptake of boron and calcium were determined under greenhouse conditions. Measurements were made of plant height and weights of roots and tops. Total amounts of aluminum, boron, and calcium in the roots and tops were determined. Aluminum in concentrations above 4 ppm. drastically reduced heights of plants and weights of ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1961.03615995002500040022x

11. Effect of Duration and Timing of Low Soil Oxygen Content on Shoot and Root Growth

Author:
J. Letey; L. H. Stolzy; G. B. Blank
Source:
Agronomy journal 1962 v.54 no.1 pp. 34-37
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; agronomy; cotton; nitrogen; oxygen; root growth; soil
Abstract:
... SynopsisShoot growth was critically damaged when soil containers were placed in nitrogen at early stages of growth before roots became well established. Root growth essentially ceased when placed in the nitrogen atmosphere and there was a time lag in recovery when placed in a “normal” atmosphere. All species studied, cotton, sunflower, and green beans, showed similar results. ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1962.00021962005400010011x

12. Influence of Oxygen Diffusion Rate on Sunflower Growth at Various Soil and Air Temperatures

Author:
J. Letey; L. H. Stolzy; N. Valoras; T. E. Szuszkiewicz
Source:
Agronomy journal 1962 v.54 no.4 pp. 316-319
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; agronomy; air; oxygen; root growth; soil temperature
Abstract:
... SynopsisOxygen diffusion rates increased 1.8% per degree centigrade rise in soil temperature for a given surface oxygen concentration. When diffusion rates are low, higher soil or aerial temperatures are more detrimental to shoot growth than lower temperatures. Regardless of temperature, roots did not grow when oxygen diffusion rates were less than 20 ✕ 10⁻⁸ g. cm.⁻² min.⁻¹. A higher diffusion rat ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1962.00021962005400040011x

13. Selenium Uptake and Conversion by Certain Crop Plants

Author:
J. W. Hamilton; O. A. Beath
Source:
Agronomy journal 1963 v.55 no.6 pp. 528-531
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; agronomy; linseed; plant tissues; safflower seed; selenium; soil; sugars; toxicity
Abstract:
... SynopsisAll plants studied possess the ability to absorb selenium from the soil. This selenium is metabolized and stored in the plant tissue in sufficient quantities to render the plant material capable of producing toxic effects when eaten by animals. All plants and, in some instances, their seeds or grains contained both organic and inorganic selenium. Flaxseed, safflower seed, and the root port ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1963.00021962005500060008x

14. Effect of Soil Water Content on the Growth of Adventitious Roots of Sunflower

Author:
D. S. Stevenson; L. Boersma
Source:
Agronomy journal 1964 v.56 no.5 pp. 509-512
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; absorption; agronomy; clay loam soils; root growth; sandy loam soils; soil water; soil water content; water content; water supply
Abstract:
... SynopsisRoot growth was not dependent upon the water content of a sandy loam, but was markedly increased by increased initial water contents in a clay loam. The relationship was slightly curvilinear. Root growth as a result of water content or soil moisture suction treatments should be accounted for whenever the effects of water supply on absorption processes are under investigation. A technique i ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1964.00021962005600050020x

15. Water Losses From Soil and Rubidium Uptake by Adventitious Roots of Sunflower as Related to the Water Content of Soil

Author:
D. S. Stevenson; L. Boersma
Source:
Agronomy journal 1964 v.56 no.5 pp. 512-514
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; active transport; agronomy; root growth; rubidium; soil water content
Abstract:
... SynopsisWater losses were closely related to the amount of root growth, which in turn was increased almost linearly by increased water contents. Rubidium uptake was not consistently affected by the initial water contents to which the roots were exposed, nor was it related to the amount of root growth. There was some evidence that the uptake of the rubidium may be linked to the active transport of ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1964.00021962005600050021x

16. Influence of Anions on the Uptake of Calcium and Magnesium by Plants and on Calcium and Magnesium Movement in Soils

Author:
J. T. Gillingham; N. R. Page
Source:
Agronomy journal 1965 v.57 no.1 pp. 83-88
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; anions; calcium; greenhouse production; leachates; lysimeters; magnesium; nitrates; soil; solubility; sulfates
Abstract:
... SynopsisThe influence of Cl, NO₃, SO₄, and PO₄ on the uptake of Ca and Mg by sunflowers were studied under greenhouse conditions. Calcium uptake was increased only by Cl and NO₃. Magnesium uptake was increased by all anions except Cl. In a lysimeter experiment, the vertical movement of Ca and Mg through the profile and into the leachate by the various anions was in the order of their solubility: N ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1965.00021962005700010027x

17. Sunflower-Soybean and Grain Sorghum-Corn Rotations Versus Monoculture

Author:
R. G. Robinson
Source:
Agronomy journal 1966 v.58 no.5 pp. 475-477
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; Verticillium albo-atrum; agronomy; corn; disease control; fertilizers; grain sorghum; inoculum; insects; soil pH; tillage; Minnesota
Abstract:
... Crop alternation was compared with continuous cropping for sunflowers and soybeans and for grain sorghum and corn at Rosemount, Minnesota. No fertilizer was used in order that full effect of crop removal could be observed. Yields from crop alternations of corn-sorghum or sunflower-soybeans exceeded those from continuous cropping. Sunflower-soybean alternation was superior to continuous sunflower i ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1966.00021962005800050004x

18. Caloric Values of Seeds From Four Range Sites in Northeastern Kansas

Author:
Stephen R. Johnson; Robert J. Robel
Source:
Ecology 1968 v.49 no.5 pp. 956-961
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Ambrosia trifida; Bromus japonicus; Cornus; Helianthus annuus; Rhus aromatica; Setaria pumila subsp. pumila; Solanum rostratum; Symphoricarpos; energy content; energy metabolism; granivores; intraspecific variation; seeds; Kansas
Abstract:
... Important in the bioenergetics of granivores is the difference in energy content of seeds from plants grown on different areas within the organism's normal environment. To determine possible differences in energy content, seeds of nine species of plants (Solanum rostratum, Helianthus annuus, Rhus aromatica, R. glabra, Ambrosia trifida, Cornus drummondi, Symphoricarpos orbiculatus, Setaria lutescen ...
DOI:
10.2307/1936546

19. A Rapid Method of Determining the Hull Content of Safflower and Sunflower Seeds

Author:
Idris Mohmd Nur
Source:
Agronomy journal 1969 v.61 no.2 pp. 336-338
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Carthamus tinctorius; Helianthus annuus; agronomy; hydrogen peroxide; rapid methods
Abstract:
... Five safflower varieties and five sunflower varieties were subjected to three methods of hull determination. The standard method of germinating the seed in distilled water was compared with two other methods: germinating the seed in hydrogen peroxide and using a seed-cutter manufactured locally. The seed-cutter technique for hull determination was found to be rapid and accurate for safflower and s ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1969.00021962006100020052x

20. Survival of Plants under Prolonged Flooded Conditions

Author:
Peter T. Yu; L. H. Stolzy; J. Letey
Source:
Agronomy journal 1969 v.61 no.6 pp. 844-847
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; Hordeum vulgare; Solanum lycopersicum var. lycopersicum; Triticum; Zea mays; aeration; barley; corn; flooded conditions; greenhouse production; plant growth; porosity; pot culture; root systems; tomatoes; wheat
Abstract:
... Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), corn (Zea mays L.), sunflower (Helianthus annus L.), tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum L.), and ‘Pato’ and ‘Inia’ varieties of wheat (Triticum vulgate L.) were grown in Krilium-stabilized Yolo loam in pot culture under greenhouse conditions until the root systems were well established. The plants were then subjected to full-flooded, half-flooded, and temporarily-flooded ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1969.00021962006100060005x

21. The “Donnan Theory” in Development of Plant Growth Media from Ion-Exchange Resins

Author:
Earl O. Skogley
Source:
Agronomy journal 1969 v.61 no.2 pp. 317-322
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; Solanum lycopersicum var. lycopersicum; Triticum aestivum; agronomy; carbonates; cations; ion exchange; nutrient content; plant growth; tomatoes; wheat
Abstract:
... Synthetic ion-exchange resins were prepared to serve as plant growth media. The resin was considered as an exchanger phase present for the purpose of controlling the solution phase composition within a range known to be satisfactory for plant growth. The “Donnan Theory”, an assumed Ca⁺⁺ concentration of the solution phase based on the carbonate equilibrium, and known desirable solution phase conce ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1969.00021962006100020042x

22. Eisen- und manganhaltige Verbindungen in Blutungssaft von Helianthus annuus

Author:
Hofner, W.
Source:
Physiologia plantarum 1970 v.23 no.4 pp. 673-677
ISSN:
0031-9317
Subject:
Helianthus annuus
DOI:
10.1111/j.1399-3054.1970.tb06460.x

23. Head Size of Sunflower as an Indicator of Plot Yields

Author:
Robert E. Burns
Source:
Agronomy journal 1970 v.62 no.1 pp. 112-113
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; agronomy; birds; head; predation
Abstract:
... The accuracy of plot yields of sunflower is often reduced by bird depredation. To find a substitute for harvested yields of plots, the head size of two varieties of sunflower was correlated with yield per head. The high correlation obtained (r = 0.95) indicates that, in plots which have considerable bird damage, yield estimates based on head size would be more accurate than actual seed weights. ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1970.00021962006200010035x

24. Management of Land Diverted from Crop Production. II. Annual Cover Crops and Fallow

Author:
R. G. Robinson
Source:
Agronomy journal 1970 v.62 no.6 pp. 770-772
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Brassicaceae; Helianthus annuus; Zea mays; annual weeds; corn; cover crops; crop yield; fallow; growth retardation; land management; leaves; legumes; summer; weed control
Abstract:
... Cover crops belonging to the Cruciferae, Gramineae, and Leguminoseae families, summer fallow, and annual weed cover were compared in weed control and effect on the next year's corn (Zea mays L.) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) crops. Corn yields were increased if legumes were present in the cover crop. Some grass-legume mixtures gave more weed control at lower seed costs than pure legumes, an ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1970.00021962006200060026x

25. Population Ecology of Desert Rodent Communities: Body Size and Seed‐Husking as Bases for Heteromyid Coexistence

Author:
Michael L. Rosenzweig; Philip W. Sterner
Source:
Ecology 1970 v.51 no.2 pp. 217-224
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; body size; body weight; habitats; hulling; population ecology; pumpkins; resource allocation; rodents; seeds; spinach; squashes
Abstract:
... Seven species of heteromyid rodents varying in size from 8 to 114 g were studied in the laboratory. Starved rodents husked four kinds of large seeds (spinach, sunflower, squash and pumpkin) and were timed at the task. Geometric mean husking times varied from 3.1 to 70.1 seconds, depending on the seed and the rodent. Husking time was inversely proportional to an animal's body size. However, despite ...
DOI:
10.2307/1933657

26. Energy Levels of Water in a Community of Plants as Influenced by Soil Moisture

Author:
J. W. Cary
Source:
Ecology 1971 v.52 no.4 pp. 710-715
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Bassia (Amaranthaceae); Helianthus annuus; annuals; drought tolerance; energy; root systems; roots; silt loam soils; soil water; sugar beet; water potential
Abstract:
... Free energy levels of plant water were measured during July and August in two communities of annual plants. One set of plants was irrigated, while the other grew on a silt loam soil that became increasingly drier. The different species of plants had widely varying levels of water potential on both the moist and dry soils. The more drought—tolerant plants on the dry soil had the lowest afternoon pl ...
DOI:
10.2307/1934162

27. Light Intensity and Sunfleck-size Distributions in Plant Canopies

Author:
J. M. Norman; E. E. Miller; C. B. Tanner
Source:
Agronomy journal 1971 v.63 no.5 pp. 743-748
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; Rhus typhina; canopy; leaves; light intensity; mathematical theory; prediction; wavelengths
Abstract:
... A theory predicting the gap-size distribution of a canopy of horizontal, azimuthally symmetric, randomly located, flat leaves of any shape is compared to measurements in sumac (Rhus typhina L.), sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), and an artificial canopy. Light intensity distributions of the solar beam component on a horizontal surface below these canopies are predicted by combining the gap-size di ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1971.00021962006300050026x

28. Autecology of Atriplex Polycarpa from California

Author:
Mohamed Nazir Sankary; Michael G. Barbour
Source:
Ecology 1972 v.53 no.6 pp. 1155-1162
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Atriplex; Haloxylon; Helianthus annuus; Polycarpa; Salsola vermiculata; annuals; biomass; calcium carbonate; drought; flowering; fruits; germination; growing season; juveniles; overgrazing; photoperiod; population ecology; seedlings; seeds; shrubs; soil water; temperature; water potential; wilting; California
Abstract:
... Atriplex polycarpa (Torr.) Wats. was a dominant, palatable shrub of the xeric Atripleto—Brometum disclimax in the San Joaquin valley of California. Overgrazing and agriculture during the past 100 years have restricted its present distribution to saline or fenced areas. Optimal germination temperatures (9—15°C) are close to those that prevail in nature in November, the month of utricle dispersal. G ...
DOI:
10.2307/1935429

29. Downy Mildew Resistance in Cultivated Sunflower and Its Inheritance

Author:
D.E. Zimmer; M.L. Kinman
Source:
Crop science 1972 v.12 no.6 pp. 749-751
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; Plasmopara halstedii; dominant genes; downy mildew; virulence; France; Romania
Abstract:
... Resistance in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) to the widely virulent Red River race of downy mildew, incited by Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) Berl. et de Toni, was discovered in three inbred lines selected from the cross 953-88-3 ✕ ‘Armavirsky 2497.’ All other breeding lines, sunflower introductions, and varieties, including AD 66, CM 90RR, and S-37-388RR, which were reported to be resistant in te ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1972.0011183X001200060009x

30. Effect of Artificial Defoliation on Sunflower Yields and Other Characteristics

Author:
B. J. Johnson
Source:
Agronomy journal 1972 v.64 no.5 pp. 688-689
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; crop losses; defoliation; flowering; leaves; seed weight; seed yield; sunflower oil; sunflower seed; Georgia
Abstract:
... Leaf removal studies were conducted on sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.) from 1969 through 1971 at Experiment, Georgia, to evaluate the amount of leaf damage sunflower plants can tolerate without yield losses. Leaves from sunflower plants were artificially removed at levels ranging from none to all prior to flowering. Sunflower seed yields were significantly reduced as a result of partial or compl ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1972.00021962006400050041x

31. Effect of Planting Date on Sunflower Yield, Oil, and Plant Characteristics

Author:
R. J. Johnson; M. D. Jellum
Source:
Agronomy journal 1972 v.64 no.6 pp. 747-748
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; fatty acid composition; plant characteristics; planting date; seed yield; seeds; sunflower oil; Georgia
Abstract:
... Planting date studies were conducted on sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.) from 1969 through 1971 at Experiment, Ga. to evaluate the optimum time of planting on seed yield, oil percentage, oil composition, and other plant characteristics. Seeds of ‘Peredovik’ and ‘Krasnodarets’ varieties were planted at each date ranging from March 11 to July, 22. Highest seed yields and oil percentage of seeds wer ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1972.00021962006400060011x

32. Effects of Herbicides Applied Postemergence on Weeds and Sunflowers

Author:
B. J. Johnson
Source:
Crop science 1972 v.12 no.5 pp. 695-697
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; achenes; cotyledons; crops; developmental stages; herbicides; leaves; oils; pesticide application; weed control; weeds; Georgia
Abstract:
... Herbicides were applied as postemergence treatments either as early over-the-top spray or late-directed spray to sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.) for weed control and crop tolerance determinations at Experiment, Ga. Treatments of RP 17623 (2-tertiobutyl-4-(2,4-dichloro-5- isopropyloxyphenyl)-5-oxo-l,3,4-oxadiazoline) were applied to sunflowers in the cotyledon, first leaf, and second leaf growth ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1972.0011183X001200050044x

33. Effects of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Plant Density on Sunflower

Author:
J. C. Zubriski; D. C. Zimmerman
Source:
Agronomy journal 1974 v.66 no.6 pp. 798-801
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; crops; cultivars; fertilizer rates; nitrate nitrogen; nitrogen; nitrogen fertilizers; oils; phosphorus; phosphorus fertilizers; plant density; planting date; seed size; seed yield; seeds; soil depth; sweets; North Dakota
Abstract:
... It is generally recognized that appropriate plant density and appropriate fertilizer application to deficient soil are necessary for optimum yield of crops. These variables also affect the quality of some crops. There is limited research data on the effects of these variables on yield and quality factors of oil and confectionery cultivars of sunflower (Helianthus annum L.) grown in North Dakota. T ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1974.00021962006600060024x

34. Responses of Sunflower Genotypes to Aluminum in Acid Soil and Nutrient Solution

Author:
C. D. Foy; R. G. Orellana; J. W. Schwartz; A. L. Fleming
Source:
Agronomy journal 1974 v.66 no.2 pp. 293-296
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; aluminum; toxicity; acid soils; genotype-environment interaction; chlorosis; nutrient deficiencies
Abstract:
... The overall objective of this research is to develop plant genotypes for better adaptation to acid soil stress factors, such as Al toxicity in subsoils, which cannot be economically corrected by conventional means. The specific objective of the work reported here was to determine the range of A1 tolerance available within the sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) species. Thirteen sunflower genotypes w ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1974.00021962006600020031x

35. Sunflower Performance Relative to Size and Weight of Achenes Planted

Author:
R. G. Robinson
Source:
Crop science 1974 v.14 no.5 pp. 616-618
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; achenes; foods; oils; oilseeds; pericarp; seed size; seedlings; wind
Abstract:
... The research was undertaken in response to a common concern of sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) researchers and seedsmen as to whether various achene-size fractions of a seed lot will produce crops differing in performance. The objective was to compare crops produced from large, medium, small, heavy, and ungraded achenes in yield and quality. Twelve seed lots of the major types of sunflower were se ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1974.0011183X001400050003x

36. Wind Turbulence in a Soybean Field Sheltered by Four Types of Wind Barriers

Author:
J. K. Radke; R. T. Hagstrom
Source:
Agronomy journal 1974 v.66 no.2 pp. 273-278
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; Zea mays; canopy; computer analysis; corn; crop yield; leaves; microclimate; plant-water relations; snow fences; soybeans; turbulent flow; wind speed
Abstract:
... Crop yields and quality are frequently improved when the crop is sheltered by temporary, field wind barriers. To better understand the influence of temporary wind barriers on the microclimate, plant-water relations, and crop yield, it is necessary to understand the effect of wind barriers on wind structure and turbulence. Several mathematical and statistical functions characterizing wind turbulenc ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1974.00021962006600020027x

37. Amino Acid and Elemental Composition of Sunflower and Pumpkin Seeds

Author:
R. G. Robinson
Source:
Agronomy journal 1975 v.67 no.4 pp. 541-544
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Calciaquolls; Cucurbita pepo; Hapludolls; Helianthus annuus; Kjeldahl method; amino acids; calcium; crops; cultivars; elemental composition; nitrogen; nutritive value; oils; pericarp; protein content; proteins; pumpkins; seeds; snacks; sodium; sunflower seed; Minnesota
Abstract:
... The research was undertaken because knowledge of the amino acid and elemental composition of sunflower (Helianthus annnus L.) and pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L) seeds is meager and incomplete. Yet, in contrast to their present use as snacks, both species are widely-adapted crops of potential use for staple human food. Seeds of the two species were evaluated as foods, to meet major protein and mineral ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1975.00021962006700040022x

38. Dynamics of Rehydration in Leaf Disks

Author:
Fred J. Molz; Bryan Truelove; Curt M. Peterson
Source:
Agronomy journal 1975 v.67 no.4 pp. 511-515
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; computers; diffusivity; equations; leaves; rehydration; water potential; water uptake
Abstract:
... The time course of rehydration by living tissue appears to occur in two distinct phases. Phase I is associated with passive recovery from a water deficit while phase II is associated with the resumption of growth-related water uptake. However, experimental efforts have been unable to clearly separate the two water absorption mechanisms, and much controversy exists concerning when phase II begins, ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1975.00021962006700040014x

39. Effect of Row Direction on Sunflowers

Author:
R. G. Robinson
Source:
Agronomy journal 1975 v.67 no.1 pp. 93-94
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; achenes; flowering; lodging; oils; Minnesota
Abstract:
... The effect of row direction on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) performance was researched because young sunflowers are phototropic and after flowering ceases most heads face the east. Sunflowers planted in east-west and north-south rows in large, rectangular plots were compared in 1972 and 1973 at Rosemount, MN. Wheel-spoke plant alignments in circular plantings were used to evaluate row directio ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1975.00021962006700010027x

40. Intercultivar Competition in Sunflower Test Plots

Author:
G. N. Fick; C. M. Swallers
Source:
Agronomy journal 1975 v.67 no.6 pp. 743-745
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; achenes; cultivars; flowering; plant height; seed oils; seed yield
Abstract:
... The use of single-row test plots would greatly facilitate evaluation of experimental sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivars, particularly when the number of entries is large and seed or land area is limited. The objectives of our study were to obtain information on intercultivar competition, and to determine whether single-row plots will provide reliable performance data. Eight sunflower culti ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1975.00021962006700060003x

41. Effect of Fertilizer-N and Herbicides on the Growth and N Content of Sunflower

Author:
A. M. Sameni; M. Maftoun; S. M. Hojjati; B. Sheibany
Source:
Agronomy journal 1976 v.68 no.2 pp. 285-288
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; chlorophyll; chlorosis; dry matter accumulation; greenhouses; leaf chlorophyll content; mineral content; nitrogen; nitrogen content; nitrogen fertilizers; plant height; prometryn; seedlings; soil; terbutryn; trifluralin
Abstract:
... Little is known about herbicide-N fertilizer combinations with respect to the growth and mineral composition of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of prometryn (2,4-bis(isopropylamino)-6-(methylthio)-s-triazine), terbutryn (2-(tert-butylamino)-4-(ethylamino)-6-(methylthio)-striazine), trifluralin (a,a,a-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-tol ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1976.00021962006800020020x

42. Excision Effects on Leaf Water Potential of Five Herbaceous Species

Author:
J. W. Baughn; C. B. Tanner
Source:
Crop science 1976 v.16 no.2 pp. 184-190
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Avena sativa; Capsicum annuum; Glycine max; Helianthus annuus; Solanum tuberosum; dewpoint; drying; hygrometers; leaf water potential; leaves; oats; pepper; potatoes; soybeans
Abstract:
... Dewpoint hygrometers were used to compare the in situ water potential of a leaf with the potential of a tissue piece excised from the same leaf and measured either by a hygrometer or psychrometer. Excised tissue potential was found to average 1.0 to 3.0 bars lower (drier), depending on species and water potential range, than the in situ potential for potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), sunflower (Helia ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1976.0011183X001600020005x

43. Leaf Conductance Response to Humidity and Water Transport in Plants

Author:
Anthony E. Hall; Glenn J. Hoffman
Source:
Agronomy journal 1976 v.68 no.6 pp. 876-881
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; Phaseolus vulgaris; air; humidity; leaf conductance; leaf water potential; photosynthesis; pinto beans; prediction; roots; solutes; stomata; stomatal movement; vapor pressure; water supply
Abstract:
... Stomatal response to humidity is a potentially important adaptive characteristic. The possibility that stomata may respond to humidity independently of changes in bulk leaf water status was tested. Also the basis for reported differences in leaf water potential response to transpiration was investigated. Simultaneous measurements of in situ leaf water potential, transpiration, and net photosynthes ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1976.00021962006800060010x

44. Leaf Water Potential: Comparison of Pressure Chamber and in situ Hygrometer on Five Herbaceous Species

Author:
J. W. Baughn; C. B. Tanner
Source:
Crop science 1976 v.16 no.2 pp. 181-184
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Avena sativa; Capsicum annuum; Glycine max; Helianthus annuus; Solanum tuberosum; dewpoint; excision; herbaceous plants; hygrometers; leaf water potential; leaves; oats; pepper; potatoes; soybeans
Abstract:
... Leaf water potential was measured on the same leaf with an in situ dewpoint hygrometer of the Neumann-Thurtell design and with a pressure chamber, for potato (Solarium tuberosum ‘Russet Burbank’), sunflower (Helianthus annuus ‘Russian Mammoth’), pepper (Capsicum annuum ‘California Wonder’), soybean (Glycine max ‘Wells’), and oat (Avena sativa ‘Lodi’). On the average the pressure chamber measuremen ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1976.0011183X001600020004x

45. Longitudinal and lateral transport of [3, 4‐3h‐] gibberelling a1 and 3‐indolyl (acetic acid‐2‐14c) in upright and geo‐tropically responding green internode segments from helanthus annuus

Author:
I. D. J. PHILLIPS; W. HARTUNG
Source:
new phytologist 1976 v.76 no.1 pp. 1-9
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; Zea mays; agar; carbon; coleoptiles; etiolation; gibberellic acid; gravity; hormones; indole acetic acid; internodes; radionuclides; seedlings; tissues; tritium
Abstract:
... Distribution of radioactivity from [³H] GA₁ and [¹⁴C] IAA within the tissues of isolated 2.5 or 3 cm long segments cut from the first internodes of sunflower seedlings was unaffected by displacement from a vertical to horizontal position. This was true whether the agar donor blocks were applied uniformly across the apical cut end of the segments, or where asymmetric donors were used. Neither downw ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1469-8137.1976.tb01432.x

46. Characterization of Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase Activity in Sunflower Callus

Author:
JUNKER, S.; VERBEEK‐WYNDAELE, R.; TRUELSEN, T.A.
Source:
Physiologia plantarum 1977 pp. 45-50
ISSN:
0031-9317
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; adenosine monophosphate; adenosine triphosphate; caffeine; callus; cyclic AMP; enzyme activity; enzymes; metal ions; pH; plant age; plant growth substances; sodium fluoride; theophylline
Abstract:
... A membrane‐bound and a soluble cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase from sunflower callus has been examined. Kinetic studies showed Km‐values in the range of 2.5‐5.0 mM with cyclic adenosine 3′,5′‐monophosphate (3′, 5′‐cAMP) as the substrate. The soluble cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase was characterized further: Optimal activity was at pH 6.5‐7.0 and at 40°C. The enzyme did not require divalent ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1399-3054.1977.tb09283.x

47. Control of Weeds in Narrow-Row Soybeans

Author:
O. C. Burnside; R. S. Moomaw
Source:
Agronomy journal 1977 v.69 no.5 pp. 793-796
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Abutilon theophrasti; Argiudolls; Glycine max; Helianthus annuus; Persicaria pensylvanica; application rate; broadleaf weeds; crop yield; grass weeds; herbicides; postemergent weed control; production costs; silty clay loam soils; soybeans; water erosion; wind; Nebraska
Abstract:
... Improved weed control systems in the absence of row cultivation were researched in order to take advantage of higher yields of soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] grown in narrow rows. Weed control systems, utilizing 13 pre-emergence and two postemergence herbicides or herbicide combinations and the rotary hoe, were devised for the production of narrow-row soybeans at two locations in eastern Nebras ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1977.00021962006900050015x

48. A Light Interception Method for Measuring Row Crop Ground Cover

Author:
J. E. Adams; G. F. Arkin
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1977 v.41 no.4 pp. 789-792
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Glycine max; Gossypium hirsutum; Helianthus annuus; Sorghum bicolor; Zea mays; canopy; corn; cotton; cropping systems; evapotranspiration; grain sorghum; leaf area index; leaves; photographs; photography; photosensitivity; photosynthesis; rain; rowcrops; runoff; soil; solar radiation; soybeans
Abstract:
... Ground cover determined by light interception is the percentage of the soil surface shaded by the plant canopy; i.e., it is a measure of the shadow projected by the plant canopy. The best time to measure ground cover is near solar noon when changes in solar angle result in the least change in ground cover. Measurements of ground covered by canopy foliage are used to evaluate the effectiveness of s ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1977.03615995004100040037x

49. Potential of Sunflowers for Silage in Double-Cropping Systems Following Small Grains

Author:
C. C. Sheaffer; J. H. McNemar; N. A. Clark
Source:
Agronomy journal 1977 v.69 no.4 pp. 543-546
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Hapludults; Helianthus annuus; Hordeum vulgare; NPK fertilizers; Sorghum bicolor; Zea mays; agricultural machinery and equipment; application rate; barley; corn; cultivars; double cropping; drought tolerance; dry matter accumulation; fertilizer application; field experimentation; forage quality; lodging; no-tillage; oils; silage; silt loam soils; stubble; sweets
Abstract:
... Sunflowers (Helianthus annus L.) are a drought tolerant and high dry matter producing crop. Due to these properties, sunflowers might find use as a silage crop in double-cropping systems where moisture supplies are limited. The objective of this study was to evaluate cultural practices and sunflower cultivars which would enhance forage quality and yield. Oil and confectionary sunflower cultivars w ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1977.00021962006900040005x

50. Sunflower Moth Damage and Inheritance of the Phytomelanin Layer in Sunflower Achenes

Author:
A. L. Johnson; B. H. Beard
Source:
Crop science 1977 v.17 no.3 pp. 369-372
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; Homoeosoma electellum; achenes; alleles; larvae; loci; pollination; seed damage
Abstract:
... Inheritance of the phytomelanin layer in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) achenes was studied in association with resistance to the sunflower moth (Homoeosoma electellum Hulst.). The F₂ and F₃ populations of four crosses between resistant lines with the layer and a susceptible line without were evaluated for presence of the layer and moth-damaged seeds. Segregation ratios for the layer indicated a ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1977.0011183X001700030007x

51. Sunflower Yield and Water Use as Influenced by Planting Date, Population, and Row Spacing

Author:
J. Alessi; J. F. Power; D. C. Zimmerman
Source:
Agronomy journal 1977 v.69 no.3 pp. 465-469
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; sowing date; dry environmental conditions; plant density; oil crops; correlation; yields; chemical concentration; seeds; row spacing; air temperature; seed oils; dryland farming; climatic factors; evapotranspiration; water use efficiency; growing season; Great Plains region; North Dakota
Abstract:
... Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) has only recently been grown commercially as an oilseed crop in the drier regions of the Northern Great Plains. This study was conducted to acquire preliminary information on seed yield, oil concentration, and water use for oil-type sunflower as affected by planting date, plant population, and row spacing; and to obtain an indication how these results were affected ...
Handle:
10113/16810
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1977.00021962006900030033x

52. Transpiration Effects on Leaching Fractions

Author:
A. Meiri; Josephine Kamburov; J. Shalhevet
Source:
Agronomy journal 1977 v.69 no.5 pp. 779-782
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; calcium chloride; drainage; evapotranspiration; irrigation; leaching; plastic bags; soil water; soil water deficit; topsoil; transpiration; water uptake
Abstract:
... Water uptake by plants during the processes of infiltration and redistribution may introduce considerable errors in actual leaching when calculations are based on pre-irrigation soil water deficit. The objective of the study reported here was to measure and demonstrate the importance of this water uptake in causing a reduction in the actual leaching. Experiments were conducted with sunflower plant ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1977.00021962006900050011x

53. Chemical and Morphological Characteristics of Seeds of Some Sunflower Species

Author:
D. G. Dorrell; E. D. P. Whelan
Source:
Crop science 1978 v.18 no.6 pp. 969-971
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; Helianthus giganteus; Helianthus pauciflorus subsp. pauciflorus; Helianthus petiolaris; Helianthus tuberosus; agronomic traits; annuals; chlorogenic acid; cultivars; diploidy; hexaploidy; linoleic acid; lipid content; oils; palmitic acid; perennials; seeds; stearic acid; Great Plains region; Manitoba
Abstract:
... Six species of wild sunflower (Helianthus), including the diploid annuals, H. annuus L. and H. petiolaris Nutt., the diploid perennials, H. giganteus L. and H. maximiliani Schrad., and the hexaploid perennials H. rigidus L. and H. tuberosus L. which are native to southwestern Manitoba and the north central Great Plains, were analyzed. The latter four species were characterized by small seed which ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1978.0011183X001800060015x

54. Control by Tillage and Persistence of Volunteer Sunflower and Annual Weeds

Author:
Robert G. Robinson
Source:
Agronomy journal 1978 v.70 no.6 pp. 1053-1056
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; Phaseolus vulgaris; annual weeds; crop rotation; no-tillage; pinto beans; planting; plowing; plows; rotary tillage; soil; spring; Minnesota
Abstract:
... Volunteer sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is a major problem in crop rotations which include sunflower. This research was conducted to determine if the problem persists beyond the crop following sunflower and to learn if tillage methods affect populations of volunteer sunflower and annual weeds. Sunflower fields were harvested with a combine in 1973 and 1974 at Rosemount, Minn. Volunteer sunflowe ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1978.00021962007000060038x

55. Effects of Planting Date on Seed, Oil, and Forage Yields of Irrigated Sunflowers

Author:
W. M. Murphy
Source:
Agronomy journal 1978 v.70 no.2 pp. 360-362
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; Zea mays; climate; corn; crop rotation; cultivars; energy requirements; forage; forage crops; forage yield; frost; frost injury; growing season; irrigation; livestock; oils; planting date; risk; seed yield; silage; Oregon
Abstract:
... Cool climates with short growing seasons of high intermountain areas, such as Central Oregon, limit the kinds of crops that can be grown. A wider choice of crops is needed for crop rotations and production changes. A substitute for corn (Zea mays L.) silage to supplement livestock energy requirements is also needed. Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is a short season plant potentially useful for se ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1978.00021962007000020036x

56. Effects of drying on sunflower seed oil quality and germination

Author:
Morrison, W.H. III.; Robertson, J.A.
Source:
Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 1978 v.55 no.2 pp. 272-274
ISSN:
0003-021X
Subject:
water content; Helianthus annuus; sunflower oil; food quality; sunflower seed; seed germination; drying; fatty acid composition; free fatty acids; peroxides; batch dryers; heat treatment
Abstract:
... Sunflower seed (SunGro 380) were harvested 101 to 121 days after planting, and their moisture levels were between 43 and 15%. The seed were dried at 35, 53, 72, and 88 C to a final moisture level of 10% or below. Drying air flow was 2000 m3/hr./m3 seed. Temperature had no effect on peroxide values, total oil, or fatty acid composition. Free fatty acids increased as initial moisture decreased. For ...
Handle:
10113/32514
DOI:
10.1007/BF02676940

57. Flavor and chemical evaluation of potato chips fried in sunflower, cottonseed and palm oils

Author:
J. A. ROBERTSON; W. H. MORRISON III; B. G. L YON; R. L. SHAW
Source:
Journal of food science 1978 v.43 no.2 pp. 420-423
ISSN:
0022-1147
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; cottonseed; flavor; frying oil; palm oils; potato chips; United States
Abstract:
... Oil from sunflowers grown in southern U.S. was compared with cottonseed and palm oils for frying potato chips. Chips fried in each oil were evaluated by chemical and sensory methods at 2‐wk intervals during 10 wk storage at 31°C. At each evaluation interval, sensory scores did not differ markedly among chips fried in the three oils. Flavor of chips from all oils decreased in quality during storage ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2621.1978.tb02319.x

58. Non-destructive Leaf Area Estimation in Sunflower

Author:
A. A. Schneiter
Source:
Agronomy journal 1978 v.70 no.1 pp. 141-142
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; clay; environmental factors; flowering; flowers; leaf area; leaf length; leaves; nondestructive methods; oilseeds
Abstract:
... An accurate, easy rapid, non-destructive method for leaf area determination in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is needed. This study was designed to determine the feasibility of using different leaf parameters, or their combinations, to estimate leaf area. The study was conducted in the field with both oilseed and non-oilseed sunflower which had been sown on Fargo clay (Vertic Haplaquolls). Plant ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1978.00021962007000010034x

59. Relation of days after flowering to chemical composition and physiological maturity of sunflower seed

Author:
Robertson, J.A.; Chapman, G.W. Jr.; Wilson, R.L. Jr.
Source:
Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 1978 v.55 no.2 pp. 266-269
ISSN:
0003-021X
Subject:
lipid content; Helianthus annuus; flowering; fatty acid composition; sunflower seed; free fatty acids; plant fats and oils; water content; chemical constituents of plants; seed maturation
Abstract:
... Hybrid sunflower seed (achene) were collected from plants at 7-day intervals after the initiation of flowering which occurred 58 days after planting. The seed were analyzed for moisture, total oil, free fatty acids, lipid classes, and fatty acid composition. Seed dry weight, oil and triglyceride contents were maximum 35 days after the initiation of flowering (DAF) when the seed moisture content wa ...
Handle:
10113/35335
DOI:
10.1007/BF02676938

60. Relationships Between B Deficiency Symptoms in Sunflowers and the B and Ca/B Status of Plant Tissues

Author:
F. P. C. Blamey; Diana Mould; K. Nathanson
Source:
Agronomy journal 1978 v.70 no.3 pp. 376-380
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; Ultisols; abnormal development; borax; boron; boron fertilizers; calcium; fertilizer application; fertilizer requirements; field experimentation; flowering; leaves; nutritional status; plant tissues; sandy loam soils; seed set; seed yield; seedlings
Abstract:
... Sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.) have an apparently high boron requirement but little information exists on the quantity of B necessary in plant tissues, particularly in a field-grown crop. ‘Smena’ sunflowers grown in a field trial on an Avalon medium sandy loam (an Ultisol) showed symptoms of B deficiency in the absence of B fertilization, the most severe symptom being a malformation of the capi ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1978.00021962007000030004x

61. Feeding preference for diseased and wilted sunflower in the grasshopper, melanoplus differentialis

Author:
LEWIS, A.C.
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 1979 v.26 no.2 pp. 202-207
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; Melanoplus differentialis; Puccinia; chemical defenses; feeding preferences; grasshoppers; leaves; plant biochemistry; plant pathogenic fungi; rust diseases
Abstract:
... Field observations indicate that the polyphagous grasshopper Melanoplus differentialis (Thomas) prefers sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) leaf tissue that (1) has been damaged by previous feeding of other insects, (2) is infected with rust fungus, Puccinia helianthii, and (3) is wilted, to healthy tissue from the same plant. Laboratory and field tests on M. differentialis preference for diseased an ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1570-7458.1979.tb02918.x

62. Inheritance of “Chaffy Head” in Sunflower

Author:
Raymond D. Brigham; J. Keith Young
Source:
Crop science 1979 v.19 no.4 pp. 561-562
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; achenes; florets; recessive genes; Turkey (country)
Abstract:
... A sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) line that produces some plants with heads of vegetative tissue was studied. These completely sterile heads have a massive proliferation of chaffy vegetative tissue where disk florets, and later achenes, usually form. The resulting head is revolute, extremely contorted, more or less globular, and usually splits in the center of the disk early in development. Ray f ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1979.0011183X001900040032x

63. Neutral sugars of hemicellulose fractions of pith from stalks of selected plants

Author:
Jones, R.W.; Krull, L.H.; Blessin, C.W.; Inglett, G.E.
Source:
Cereal chemistry 1979 v.106 no.3 pp. 441-445
ISSN:
0009-0352
Subject:
corn; sugarcane; crop residues; Zea mays; Saccharum; Helianthus annuus; stems; hemicellulose; carbohydrate composition; sugars; gas chromatography; liquid chromatography; Sorghum bicolor
Abstract:
... Values are tabulated for ash, cellulose and neutral sugars in the delignified hemicellulose fractions of pith from maize, sweet sorghum, sugarcane and sunflower. Pith constitutes 25 to 50% by weight of the plants and the soft, white, finely divided holocellulose is a potential food component or starting material for production of sugars such as xylose which can be converted to xylitol, a sugar sub ...
Handle:
10113/26045

64. Researches on the resistance of certain plants by measuring germ tolerance

Author:
Leon Sorin MUNTEAN
Source:
Notulae botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 1979 v.10 no.1 pp. 121-126
ISSN:
1842-4309
Subject:
Beta vulgaris; Carthamus tinctorius; Cicer arietinum; Helianthus annuus; Hordeum vulgare; Medicago sativa; Melilotus officinalis; Onobrychis; Secale cereale; Sorghum bicolor subsp. bicolor; germination; pH; salinity; salt tolerance; seedlings; soil salinity; vegetation
Abstract:
...

The behaviour of certain plants in young stage concerning their resistance to soil salinity was measured. The plants involved were the following: Secale cereale, Hordeum vulgare, Sorghum vulgare, Medicago sativa, Melilotus officinalis, Onobrychis viciaefolia, Cicer arietinum, Helianthus annuus, Carthamus tinctorius and Beta vulgaris. The measurements were don ...

DOI:
10.15835/nbha101351

65. Sunflower plant drying and machine harvest efficiency--Southern Plains

Author:
Allen, R.R.; Wiese, A.F.; Hudspeth, E.B. Jr.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 1979 v.22 no.5 pp. 992-996
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
water content; Helianthus annuus; irrigated farming; preharvest treatment; paraquat; desiccation (plant physiology); mechanical harvesting; drying; seeds; combine harvesters; Texas
Abstract:
... Research was undertaken to determine the effect of chemical desiccation on plant drying and the efficiency of a modified small grain combine header for harvesting oilseed sunflower. Preharvest plant and seed drying patterns with and without a chemical desiccant (paraquat) were evaluated. After plants reached physiological maturity, seed in untreated plants dried to the safe threshing and moisture ...
Handle:
10113/445

66. A Temperate Region Plant‐Ant‐Seed Predator System: Consequences of Extra Floral Nectar Secretion by Helianthella Quinquenervis

Author:
David W. Inouye; Orley R. Taylor Jr.
Source:
Ecology 1979 v.60 no.1 pp. 1-7
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Formicidae; Helianthus annuus; Lepidoptera; Tephritidae; amino acids; bracts; females; flowering; flowers; granivores; habitats; insects; larvae; mammals; nectar; nectar secretion; oviposition; ovules; plant damage; seed predation; seeds; temperate zones
Abstract:
... Helianthella quinquenervis (Asteraceae), the aspen sunflower, secretes sugar and amino acid rich nectar from involucral bracts during bud and flowering stages. The nectar is usually collected by ants as fast as it is secreted. H. quinquenervis is subject to predispersal seed predation by larvae of several insect species, primarily tephritid flies, an agromyzid fly, and 3 Lepidoptera. When present, ...
DOI:
10.2307/1936460

67. Analysis of neutral carbohydrates in agricultural residues by gas-liquid chromatography

Author:
Krull, L.H.; Inglett, G.E.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1980 v.28 no.5 pp. 917-919
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
Zea mays; Helianthus annuus; sugars; xylan; kenaf; stems; corn cobs; wheat straw; peanut hulls; Hibiscus cannabinus; mass spectrometry; gas chromatography; biomass; sugar content
DOI:
10.1021/jf60231a013
PubMed:
7462519

68. Artifact Autogamy in Sunflower

Author:
R. G. Robinson
Source:
Crop science 1980 v.20 no.6 pp. 814-815
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; Hymenoptera; achenes; autogamy; cross pollination; cultivars; oils
Abstract:
... Prior to the development of autogamous cultivars, cross-pollination was required for high yields of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). This research was undertaken to identify highly autogamous cultivars and to compare cloth and mesh bags in measuring autogamy for yield, achene weight, and achene oil percentage. Sixty-two cultivars in 1978 and 75 in 1979 were planted at Rosemount, Minn. Cloth or me ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1980.0011183X002000060036x

69. Planting Date Effects on Growth, Yield, and Oil of Irrigated Sunflower

Author:
Paul W. Unger
Source:
Agronomy journal 1980 v.72 no.6 pp. 914-916
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; planting date; plant growth; plant development; soil temperature; crop yield; sunflower oil; fatty acid composition; linoleic acid; oleic acid; irrigated farming; Texas
Abstract:
... Interest in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) as an oilseed crop has greatly increased in the Southern Great Plains since 1974. To effectively manage sunflower for oil production and oil quality, information is needed concerning the effect of various agronomic practices. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of planting date on growth, yield, oil percent, and oil fatty acid con ...
Handle:
10113/494
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1980.00021962007200060012x

70. Response of Sunflower to Plant Population

Author:
R. G. Robinson; J. H. Ford; W. E. Luenschen; D. L. Rabas; L. J. Smith; D. D. Warnes; J. V. Wiersma
Source:
Agronomy journal 1980 v.72 no.6 pp. 869-871
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Calciaquolls; Helianthus annuus; cultivars; desiccants; drying; harvest date; oils; oilseeds; planting; population growth; rain; row spacing; sandy soils; seed quality; seeds; soil water; temperature; Minnesota
Abstract:
... The cost of hybrid sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seed provides an incentive for reducing planting rates which, in turn, reduce plant populations. This research was undertaken to determine minimum populations needed for maximum yield and their effect on seed quality and head drying. Populations of oilseed and nonoilseed cultivars of 17, 25, 37, 49, and 62 thousand plants/ha were established at s ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1980.00021962007200060003x

71. Transfer of nitrogen and carbon from a mature sunflower leaf—¹⁵NO₂ and ¹³CO₂ feeding studies

Author:
Tadakatsu Yoneyama; Kunio Arai; Tsumugu Totsuka
Source:
Plant & cell physiology 1980 v.21 no.8 pp. 1367-1381
ISSN:
0032-0781
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; carbon; carbon dioxide; flowers; isotope labeling; leaves; nitrogen; nitrogen dioxide; photosynthates; roots; stable isotopes; stems
Abstract:
... To investigate the long-distance transport of nitrogen and carbon from mature leaves, two stable isotopes, ¹⁵N and ¹³C, were introduced to a single mature sunflower leaf for less than 2 hr in the forms of NO ₂ and CO ₂, and the fate of ¹⁵N and ¹³C in plants was followed. In the first experiment, about 4 ppm ¹⁵NO ₂ was applied to a mature sunflower leaf for 65 min in light, and the fate of ¹⁵N was ...
DOI:
10.1093/pcp/21.8.1367

72. Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Helianthus giganteus L. × H. annuus L. Interspecific Hybrids

Author:
Ernest D. P. Whelan
Source:
Crop science 1981 v.21 no.6 pp. 855-858
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; pollen germination
Abstract:
... A potential new source of male-sterile cytoplasm was successfully produced using interspecific hybridization of Helianthus spp. A partial substitution of the nucleus of cultivated sunflower [H. annuus L. (2n ⁵ 34; x = 17)] into the cytoplasm of the perennial H. giganteus L. (2n = 34) was obtained by hybridizing H. giganteus with wild H. annuus, and then backcrossing four times, using the open-poll ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1981.0011183X002100060014x

73. Intervention de l'oxygene atmospherique sur l'absorption d'eau chez Helianthus annuus

Author:
Lasceve, G.; Couchat, P.
Source:
Physiologia plantarum 1981 v.52 no.1 pp. 47-52
ISSN:
0031-9317
Subject:
Helianthus annuus
DOI:
10.1111/j.1399-3054.1981.tb06033.x

74. Protein, Oil, and Energy Yields of Sunflower as Affected by N and P Fertilization

Author:
F. P. C. Blamey; J. Chapman
Source:
Agronomy journal 1981 v.73 no.4 pp. 583-587
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; Rhodustults; agronomy; energy; nitrogen; nitrogen fertilizers; oils; protein content; seed yield
Abstract:
... Relatively little information exists on the N and P needs of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) on infertile soils in non-traditional production areas. The effects of four levels each of N (0 to 180 kg/ha) and P (0 to 60 kg/ha) applied to a thermic Typic Rhodustult were evaluated over three seasons. In all seasons there were highly significant seed yield responses to N and P a plied. The nature of t ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1981.00021962007300040004x

75. Sunflower Cultivar Performance as Influenced by Soil Water and Plant Population

Author:
Lyle Prunty
Source:
Agronomy journal 1981 v.73 no.2 pp. 257-260
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; arid lands; cultivars; irrigation; population density; rhizosphere; seed yield; soil water; soil water potential; tensiometers; North Dakota
Abstract:
... Information on the yield performance of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) as related to a range of soil water potential in the near-optimum range has not previously been reported. Previous studies of sunflower plant population density effects on yield have lacked agreement. In this study three sunflower cultivars (‘Peredovic’, ‘894’, and ‘Northrup King 212’) were tested for response to soil water p ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1981.00021962007300020004x

76. Tillage Effects on Wheat and Sunflower Grown in Rotation

Author:
Paul W. Unger
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1981 v.45 no.5 pp. 941-945
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; Sorghum bicolor; Triticum aestivum; arid lands; continuous cropping; crop rotation; cropping sequence; crops; discing; fallow; grain sorghum; grain yield; irrigation; no-tillage; planting; residual effects; seed yield; soil water; soil water content; soil water storage; sunflower seed; wheat; Great Plains region
Abstract:
... Methods of fallowing commonly used in the Southern Great Plains are relatively ineffective for increasing soil water contents, and subsequent crop yields on a total area basis are less with fallow than with continuous cropping. Consequently, improved cropping practices are needed that increase soil water storage during fallow or that decrease the total time devoted to fallow in a cropping sequence ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1981.03615995004500050024x

77. Compensatory Response of Sunflower to Stand Reduction Applied at Different Plant Growth Stages

Author:
J. F. Miller; W. W. Roath
Source:
Agronomy journal 1982 v.74 no.1 pp. 119-121
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; breeding lines; flowering; oils; plant growth; plant height; seed weight; seed yield; seeds
Abstract:
... Differential plant populations occurring among plots in yield trials can be critical in evaluating potential worth of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids or breeding lines. The objective of this study was to determine degree of loss in seed yield when stand is reduced at various growth stages of plant development and to identify the nature of plant compensation for stand loss in sunflower. No ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1982.00021962007400010030x

78. Control of leaf expansion by nitrogen nutrition in sunflower plants. Role of hydraulic conductivity and turgor

Author:
Radin, J.W.; Boyer, J.S.
Source:
Plant physiology 1982 v.69 no.4 pp. 771-775
ISSN:
0032-0889
Subject:
Helianthus annuus
Abstract:
... Nitrogen nutrition strongly affected the growth rate of young sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) leaves. When plants were grown from seed on either of two levels of N availability, a 33% decrease in tissue N of expanding leaves was associated with a 75% overall inhibition of leaf growth. Almost all of the growth inhibition resulted from a depression of the daytime growth rate. Measurements of pressu ...
Handle:
10113/3757
DOI:
10.1104/pp.69.4.771
PubMed:
16662294
PubMed Central:
PMC426303

79. Corn and Soybean Response to Allelopathic Effects of Weed and Crop Residues

Author:
P. C. Bhowmik; J. D. Doll
Source:
Agronomy journal 1982 v.74 no.4 pp. 601-606
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Abutilon theophrasti; Amaranthus retroflexus; Ambrosia artemisiifolia; Chenopodium album; Echinochloa crus-galli; Glycine max; Helianthus annuus; Panicum dichotomiflorum; Setaria faberi; Setaria pumila subsp. pumila; Setaria viridis; Zea mays; aboveground biomass; allelochemicals; allelopathy; annual weeds; coleoptiles; corn; crop residues; crop yield; crops; greenhouses; hypocotyls; perennial weeds; quartz; silt loam soils; soybeans
Abstract:
... Many crop plants and perennial weed species have been known for their allelopathic effects. The question of whether annual weed species can be allelopathic remains unanswered. Consequently, studies were conducted in laboratory, greenhouse, and in the field to determine the allelopathic potential of weed and crop residues (above ground biomass) on corn (Zea mays L.) and soybeans [Glycine max (L.) M ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1982.00021962007400040005x

80. Interrelationships of Morphological and Economic Characters of Sunflower

Author:
Benjamin H. Beard; Shu Geng
Source:
Crop science 1982 v.22 no.4 pp. 817-822
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; cultivars; cytoplasmic male sterility; oils; open pollination
Abstract:
... Two phenotypically dissimilar open pollinated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivars, ‘Peredovik’ and ‘Tchernianka’, and two hybrids, ‘Romsun 52’ and ‘Seedtec 304’ (produced by genetic and cytoplasmic male sterile systems, respectively), were sown at different dates and seeding rates for two years. The four cultivars were planted as a 4 × 4 latin square. Within each of the four replications, d ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1982.0011183X002200040028x

81. Planting Date Effects on Sunflower Head and Seed Development

Author:
Paul W. Unger; Tommy E. Thompson
Source:
Agronomy journal 1982 v.74 no.2 pp. 389-395
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
planting date; linoleic acid; Helianthus annuus; flowering; solar radiation; fatty acid composition; air temperature; environmental factors; yield components; oleic acid; desiccation (plant physiology); seed development; Texas
Abstract:
... The effects of environmental conditions during sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seed development and maturation on the final oil percent of seed and composition of the oil have been studied extensively but little is known about the sequential changes that occur in seed and oil during seed development and maturation. A better understanding of these changes could lead to improved management of sunfl ...
Handle:
10113/514
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1982.00021962007400020031x

82. Registration of Helianthus germplasm Pools I and II

Author:
Beard, B.H.
Source:
Crop science 1982 v.22 no.6 pp. 1276
ISSN:
1435-0653
Subject:
Helianthus annuus
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1982.0011183X002200060081x

83. Registration of Helianthus germplasm pools III and IV

Author:
Beard, B.H.
Source:
Crop science 1982 v.22 no.6 pp. 1276-1277
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Helianthus annuus
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1982.0011183X002200060082x

84. Response of Sunflower to Uniformity of Plant Spacing

Author:
R. G. Robinson; J. H. Ford; W. E. Lueschen; D. L. Rabas; D. D. Warnes; J. V. Wiersma
Source:
Agronomy journal 1982 v.74 no.2 pp. 363-365
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Calciaquolls; Helianthus annuus; cultivars; lodging; oils; plant growth; population distribution; row spacing; seed quality; seed yield; sunflower seed; Minnesota
Abstract:
... Plant spacing in the row is variable in most sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) fields. The amount of yield loss from moderately uneven stands of sunflower should be known before undertaking expensive techniques to increase uniformity of plant distribution. The objective of this research was to measure the effects of uniformity of plant distribution on sunflower seed yield, plant growth, and seed qu ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1982.00021962007400020024x

85. Sunflower Nutrient Uptake, Growth, and Yield as Affected by Nitrogen or Manure, and Plant Population

Author:
A. C. Mathers; B. A. Stewart
Source:
Agronomy journal 1982 v.74 no.5 pp. 911-915
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; Paleustolls; agronomy; clay loam soils; irrigation systems; nitrogen; nitrogen fertilizers; nutrient uptake; oils; seed yield
Abstract:
... Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is a new crop in the Southern High Plains. It was grown on Pullman clay loam (Torrertic Paleustoll) in an experiment designed to determine the effects of N, plant population, and row spacing on growth, yield, and nutrient uptake. Fertility treatments were 0, 84, and 168 kg N/ha and residue from three annual applications of 22 and 67 metric tons of manure/ha (wet wt ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1982.00021962007400050033x

86. Time and Frequency of Irrigation Effects on Sunflower Production and Water Use

Author:
Paul W. Unger
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1982 v.46 no.5 pp. 1072-1076
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; irrigation rates; irrigation scheduling; late flowering; linoleic acid; oils; oleic acid; seed yield; water supply; water use efficiency; Great Plains region
Abstract:
... Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) production has greatly increased in the U. S. in recent years, with some being produced under irrigation in the Southern Great Plains. However, because of limited water supplies in the Southern Great Plains, sunflower usually is not fully irrigated. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of limited irrigation on sunflower growth, seed yield and ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1982.03615995004600050037x

87. Adaptation and functional balance between shoot and root activity of sunflower plants grown at different root temperatures

Author:
Szaniawski, R.K.
Source:
Annals of botany 1983 v.51 no.4 pp. 453-459
ISSN:
0305-7364
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; air temperature; energy; leaves; nutrient solutions; photosynthates; roots; shoots; thermodynamics
Abstract:
... Helianthus annuus L. plants were grown with the shoots at normal air temperature and with the roots in nutrient solution at 10, 20 or 30 °C. The higher the root temperature the greater the growth of the leaves, resulting in higher production of photosynthates. Irrespective of growth conditions an equilibrium was established between the maintenance respiratory activity of shoot and roots. A constan ...
DOI:
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a086490

88. Conditions climatiques necessaires a la contamination du tournesol par Sclerotinia sclerotiorum; prevision des epidemies locales

Author:
Lamarque, C.
Source:
Bulletin OEPP 1983 v.13 no.2 pp. 75-78
ISSN:
0250-8052
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; France
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2338.1983.tb01580.x

89. Control of plant growth by nitrogen: differences between cereals and broadleaf species

Author:
Radin, J.W.
Source:
Plant, cell and environment 1983 v.6 no.1 pp. 65-68
ISSN:
1365-3040
Subject:
Triticum aestivum; wheat; Hordeum vulgare; barley; Zea mays; corn; Sorghum bicolor; Helianthus annuus; Gossypium hirsutum; cotton; Glycine max; soybeans; Raphanus sativus; radishes; leaves; photosynthesis; net assimilation rate; plant growth; diurnal variation; nitrogen; dose response; plant nutrition; nutrient requirements; nutrient deficiencies; transpiration; dry matter accumulation
Abstract:
... In four dicotyledonous species low levels of N strongly inhibited leaf expansion during the day but had little or no effect at night. In contrast, daytime and night-time expansion were equally affected in four cereal species. The results support the general concept that in dicotyledons, N controls leaf expansion through its effects on hydraulic conductivity. In such N-limited plants, water deficit ...
Handle:
10113/3677
DOI:
10.1111/1365-3040.ep11580537

90. Differential Response of Sunflower Hybrids to Planting Date

Author:
D. F. Owen
Source:
Agronomy journal 1983 v.75 no.2 pp. 259-262
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; Paleustolls; clay loam soils; cultivars; frost injury; linoleic acid; oils; oilseeds; oleic acid; planting date; risk; Texas
Abstract:
... Date of planting studies are often conducted using only one cultivar as a measure of performance. When different cultivars do not respond alike to differing planting dates then results of planting date studies in which only one cultivar is used may lead to false conclusions. In an effort to determine if different sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids responded alike to varying planting dates, f ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1983.00021962007500020024x

91. Effect of Genotype, Flowering Date, and Environment on Oil Content and Oil Quality of Wild Sunflower Seed

Author:
Gerald J. Seiler
Source:
Crop science 1983 v.23 no.6 pp. 1063-1068
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Helianthus annuus
Abstract:
... The effects of environmental conditions during sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seed development and maturation on the final oil content of seed and composition of the oil have been studied extensively in commercial sunflower, but very little is known about the wild sunflower (H. annuus L.). Neither is there much known about the sequential changes that occur in seed and oil during seed development ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1983.0011183X002300060010x

92. Irrigation effect on sunflower growth, development, and water use

Author:
Unger, P.W.
Source:
Field crops research 1983 v.7 no.3 pp. 181-194
ISSN:
0378-4290
Subject:
plant growth; linoleic acid; Helianthus annuus; flowering; seeds; stems; fatty acid composition; oleic acid; dry matter accumulation; plant-water relations; crop yield; leaves; irrigation scheduling; water uptake; leaf development; Texas
Abstract:
... Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) production in the U.S.A. has greatly increased in recent years. Some are irrigated in the southern Great Plains, but because of declining water supplies, limited irrigation is often used. To better manage available water for sunflower production, a knowledge of sunflower response to applied water is needed. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of ...
Handle:
10113/501

93. Soil Water and Population Influence on Hybrid Sunflower Yield and Uniformity of Stand

Author:
Lyle Prunty
Source:
Agronomy journal 1983 v.75 no.5 pp. 745-749
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Calciaquolls; Helianthus annuus; arid lands; crop yield; environmental factors; guidelines; hybrids; intraspecific competition; irrigation scheduling; irrigation water; motivation; oilseeds; soil water; soil water potential; tensiometers; North Dakota
Abstract:
... Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids do not respond identically to agronomic and environmental variables. The present study was conducted to quantify the influence of soil water potential and plant population on oilseed sunflower hybrids ‘Dahlgren 704’, ‘USDA 894’, and ‘Interstate 907’. Desire to refine knowledge of yield relationships was one motivation for the study, but a deeper stimulus wa ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1983.00021962007500050007x

94. Sunflower planting and emergence with coated seed

Author:
Allen, R.R.; Hollingsworth, L.D.; Thomas, J.D.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 1983 v.26 no.3 pp. 665-668
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
meters (equipment); planters; Helianthus annuus; sowing; seeds; coatings; clay; seedling emergence; imbibition
Abstract:
... Air-disk, plate, and plateless drill metering were compared for sunflower seeding accuracy at varying speeds and with different sizes of graded (non-pelleted) seed and pelleted seed. When drill speeds with plate metering were increased from 6.4 to 8.0 km/h, the seeding rate decreased by 15 and 35%, respectively, for pelleted and graded seed. There was no speed effect with air-disk metering. Platel ...
Handle:
10113/564

95. Adventitious Rooting in ‘Hopi’ Sunflower: Function and Anatomy

Author:
C. E. Rogers; P. W. Unger; G. L. Kreitner
Source:
Agronomy journal 1984 v.76 no.3 pp. 429-434
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
cortex; Helianthus annuus; developmental stages; adventitious roots; rooting; root growth; xylem
Abstract:
... The ‘Hopi’ sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is a primitive openpollinated variety that produces numerous adventitious buds (nodules) on exposed lower stalks under greenhouse conditions. Similar conditions do not induce such budding in more advanced hybrids. The root buds remain dormant when exposed to air, but begin rapid growth into adventitious roots when covered with damp soil. Objectives of th ...
Handle:
10113/503
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1984.00021962007600030015x

96. Changes in the ability of plants to alter the pH of the flooding medium as an early symptom of flooding stress in Helianthus annuus

Author:
Drakeford, D.R.; Reid, D.M.
Source:
Canadian journal of botany 1984 v.62 no.11 pp. 2417-2422
ISSN:
0008-4026
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; roots; plant-water relations; pH; acidification
DOI:
10.1139/b84-330

97. Effect of plant density on the agronomic performance of sunflower on dryland

Author:
Holt, N.W.; Campbell, S.J.
Source:
Canadian journal of plant science 1984 v.64 no.3 pp. 599-605
ISSN:
0008-4220
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; agronomic traits; plant density; prairies; semiarid zones; Canada
DOI:
10.4141/cjps84-084

98. The Effects of Texture on the Resistance to Water Movement within the Rhizosphere

Author:
K. L. Bristow; G. S. Campbell; C. Calissendorff
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1984 v.48 no.2 pp. 266-270
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; drying; growth chambers; models; rhizosphere; rooting; soil texture; texture; transpiration; water content; xylem water potential
Abstract:
... A growth chamber study was designed to investigate the relative importance of the resistances involved in water movement within the rhizosphere. The components considered are the soil, the soil-root interface, and the root itself. The plant species used was sunflower (Helianthus annus L.), grown in three soils of different texture. After several weeks of growth all water application was stopped an ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1984.03615995004800020007x

99. Effects of planting date and irrigation on wax content of sunflower-seed oil

Author:
Morrison, W.H. III.; Sojka, R.E.; Unger, P.W.
Source:
Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 1984 v.61 no.7 pp. 1242-1245
ISSN:
0003-021X
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; sunflower seed; seed oils; hulls; chemical composition; planting date; irrigation
Abstract:
... Seed from sunflower grown at Bushland, TX, in 1980 and 1981 and at Florence, SC, in 1982 were evaluated for the influence of date of planting and irrigation on wax production. Wax content of the hull and oil was found to be ca. 10% lower in samples from irrigated than from nonirrigated sunflowers; however, none of the sunflower planted on different dates were under severe moisture stress from bloo ...
Handle:
10113/15887
DOI:
10.1007/BF02636262

100. Inheritance of Boron Status in Sunflower

Author:
F. P. C. Blamey; W. J. Vermeulen; J. Chapman
Source:
Crop science 1984 v.24 no.1 pp. 43-46
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Helianthus annuus
Abstract:
... The breeding of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivars adapted to soils low in available boron (B) may have particular relevance since this crop has a high B requirement and B deficiency is widespread in certain sunflower-producing areas. A field study was carried out on a Doveton clay loam (thermic Typic Rhodustult) in which six sunflower inbreds and their 15 hybrids (excluding reciprocals) w ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1984.0011183X002400010010x