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... 1. Crop improvement which is concerned with disease resistance must take into consideration: (a) The possible existence of physiologic forms of the pathogenic organism, (b) the need of a survey to determine the prevalence and distribution of the various forms, (c) the varietal reactions of the host to particular forms, (d) the reactions between host and parasite as definite genetic characters, and ...
... The inheritance of the three stem-rust reactions, i.e., near immunity, resistance, and susceptibility, has been studied in hybrids. Earlier data on crosses of Hope X Marquis and Hope X Reliance were interpreted to show that they were controlled by two genetic factor pairs. Data on an H-44 X Ceres cross showed a segregation similar to that previously obtained in the crosses of Hope X Marquis and Ho ...
... The inheritance of the three stem-rust reactions near-immunity, resistance, and susceptibility--has been further studied in hybrids. Earlier crosses were interpreted as showing that Hope has a single dominant inhibiting factor for near-immunity, that Marquis and Reliance have a major dominant factor for susceptibility, that H-44 carries both of these dominant factors, and that the resistant Ceres ...
hybrids; fungal diseases of plants; Puccinia graminis; crossing; disease resistance; Avena sativa; Ustilago segetum var. avenae; strains; artificial selection; Iowa
Abstract:
... Since the resistant selections considered in the foregoing were subjected in both greenhouse and field to epiphytotics of rust and smut much more severe than those ordinarily occurring under field conditions, it is believed that they will continue to be resistant to natural epiphytotics of these diseases unless some major change occurs in the physiologic-form flora of the corn belt region. These s ...
... SynopsisMerion bluegrass grown in solution culture produced lower yields of foliage under low levels of nitrogen and high levels of osmotic pressure than when treated with high nitrogen and low osmotic pressures. Turf was resistant to inoculation with Puccinia graminis Pers. at all treatment combinations. Numbers of Helminthosporium sativum Pammel, King, and Bakke lesions per leaf blade and averag ...
... Seedling resistance to physiologic race 111 (culture 111-SS2) of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici was conditioned by two and three independent genes, respectively, in the durum wheat P.I. 94701 and the common wheat Reliance. The infection type was lower when P.I. 94701 genes for resistance were combined in a single plant than when they occurred singly. One of the P.I. 94701 genes also conditioned ...
... Pathological and genetic studies involving ‘Chinese Spring’ substitution lines showed that the varieties ‘Kenya Farmer’ and ‘Sapporo No. I’ both carry the Sr7a gene for resistance to Puccinia graminis tritici on chromosome 4B (VIII). ‘Hope’ carries a different allele, Sr7b. The presence of the resistance gene Srll on chromosome 6B (X) of both ‘Timstein’ and Kenya Farmer was confirmed, as was the e ...
Puccinia graminis; Triticum aestivum; bacterial leaf streak; chromosomes; crossing; disease resistance; genotype; hard red spring wheat; major genes; monosomics; stem rust; temperature
Abstract:
... Reactions to “black chaff,” a physiologic disease, and to race 15B of stem rust (Puccinia graminis Pers.f.sp. tritici Eriks. & E. Henn.) were controlled by single partially dominant major genes in several crosses with Conley hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. en. Thell.). Resistance to stem rust was associated with susceptibility to “black chaff” with apparent linkage values ranging from ...
... We treated seeds of ‘Little Club’ wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) and tested M. seedlings for reaction to stem rust (Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Eriks. & E. Henn.). Mutants resistant to races 111, 15B, and 32 of stem rust were recovered. Every resistant plant in the mutant family was light green in color; whereas, every susceptible plant was normal dark gr ...
... We studied the inheritance of resistance to culture 111-SS2 of Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Eriks. & E. Henri. in six tetraploid wheats (Triticum turgidum L.). Seedling reaction was determined in the backcross-F₂ and F₃ from crosses of six resistant wheats with the susceptible cultivar ‘Marruecos 9623.’ Three dominant genes conditioned resistance in each of the strains ‘C.I. 7805,’ ‘Acme ...
... We determined the chromosomal locations of genes for resistance to culture 111-SS2 of Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Eriks. & E. Henn. in Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell ssp. vulgare (Vill., Host) Mac Kay ‘Marquis’ and ‘Reliance’. Six wheat lines, Mq-A, Mq-B, Mq-C, R1-A, R1-B, and R1-C, which have monogenic resistance derived from Marquis/T. aestivum L. em. Thell ssp. compactum (Host) Mac K ...
... Tests of lines of ‘Chinese Spring‘ wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with single pairs of chromosomes substituted from ‘Thatcher’ had indicated that chromosomes 2B and 3B carried similar genes for resistance to the stem-rust organism. Results of crosses between near-isogenic lines derived from the substitution lines show that the resistance gene in the 3B substitution line is Srl6, which is located on ...
... Wheat (Triticum aestivum) line ISr9d-Ra, having a gene (Sr9d) for resistance to stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) from ‘Hope,2019; was crossed with ISr9a-Ra, having a gene (Sr9a) for resistance from ‘Red Egyptian.’ The purpose of the cross was to investigate the linkage or allelic relations between the two genes. The F₂ and F₃ were inoculated simultaneously with a culture of stem rust r ...
... Resistance of the Russian wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar ‘Skorospelka 3b’ to culture 111-SS2 of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici is conditioned by two dominant independent genes, tentatively designated SrSo1 and SrSo2. The relation of SrSol and SrSo2 to genes with permanent designations in the Sr series was not established. The two genes are independent of a single gene for resistance to cu ...
... The presence of genes for resistance to stem rust (Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Eriks. & E. Henn.) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.) was detected in entries of the 4th International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery by use of 18 isolates of rust previously characterized for virulence on 12 genes. Several varieties appeared to have one or two genes in common³. The test isolates det ...
... We determined the allelic and linkage relations among genes for stem rust (Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Eriks. & E. Henn.) resistance in wheat lines designated Mq-A, Mq-B, Mq-C, and Rl-B-1, which were derived from crosses of ‘Little Club’ with ‘Marquis’ or ‘Reliance’ wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.). The four derived lines were crossed with 14 tester lines having genes for resistan ...
Aegilops longissima; Puccinia graminis; Triticum; computers; genetics; wheat; Israel
Abstract:
... Bulk and single-plant accessions of Aegilops longissima Schweinf. and Muschl. and Ae. sharonensis Eig from Israel were tested for reaction to Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Erikss. and E. Henn. Forty-four lines from these accessions and 23 wheat (Triticum sp.) lines monogenie for different Sr genes were inoculated with 20 cultures of P. graminis tritici. Data were recorded as infection typ ...
... Inheritance of seedling resistance to stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici Eriks. & E. Henri.) in ‘Webster’ wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was studied in testcrosses and in crosses with the ‘Chinese Spring’ monosomics. Studies in Canada and Australia showed that its resistance to several North American and Australian races of stem rust is controlled by the same nearly recessive gene, which is ...
Avena fatua; Avena sativa; Barley yellow dwarf virus; Oulema melanopus; Puccinia graminis; amino acid composition; disease incidence; germplasm; oats; protein content; screening; stem rust; virulence; Midwestern United States
Abstract:
... More than 2,200 samples of the wild oat (Avena fatua L.) were collected from western North Central U.S. as part of a program to preserve natural variant populations of this species and to further evaluate its potential as a germplasm source for the improvement of cultivated oats (A. sativa L.). This report summarizes the results of screening these samples for tolerance to barley yellow dwarf virus ...
... ‘Hand’ wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is immune from leaf rust (Puccinia recondita Rob. ex. Desm. f. sp. tritici) and stem rust (P. graminis f. sp. tritici Eriks. and Henn.), high in seed protein, and of excellent baking and dough handling properties, though weak-strawed and medium in yield. The putative pedigree of Hand is in doubt. To determine the inheritance of Hand's valuable characteristics, c ...
... ‘Hand’ wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is high in protein, has excellent baking and dough handling properties, and is resistant to leaf rust (Puccinia recondita Rob. ex. Desm. f. sp. tritici) and stem rust (P. graminis f. sp. tritici Eriks. and Henn.). The pedigree of Hand is uncertain. However, it possesses a single gene, SrTt1, for resistance to stem rust as determined by an F2 analysis of crosses ...
... The wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar ‘McNair 701’ (CI 15288) was considered universally susceptible to wheat stem rust (Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici) until tested with isolate SBC (72-45-1212B). With this isolate, an infection type 2= (IT2=) was produced. Twelve entries of the Fourth International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery gave a similar infection type with the same isolate. ...
Health and Pathology; host plants; Puccinia graminis
Abstract:
... The objective was to determine allelic and linkage relations among genes for resistance to stem rust (Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Eriks. & E. Henn) in 13 lines of tetraploid wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) derived from crosses of susceptible ‘Marruecos 9623’ with resistant ‘Mindum’ (three lines), ‘Acme’ selection (three lines), ‘Khapli’ emmer (four lines), and ‘Palestine’ (three lines). Ea ...
... The hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar ‘Waldron’ is resistant to North American strains of stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici). The inheritance of resistance in a selection of Waldron (Wdr-sel) was studied to determine the number of genes affecting reaction to 15 cultures of the stem rust fungus. F₂ plants from Wdr-sell/‘Little Club’ were progeny tested by inoculating f ...
... Eight cultivars or lines of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) that were thought to have adult plant or field resistance to stem rust (Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Eriks. and E. Henn.) were selected—‘Hope’, ‘Hopps’, ‘Marquillo’, ‘Thatcher’, ‘Bonza’, ‘Chris’, Minnesota 11-50- 17 and MRFY. The eight were crossed to produce four double crosses with the objective of combining genes for fiel ...
... Stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) development was studied in six F₃-derived F₃ wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) lines selected from a cross of ‘Era’ (stem rust resistant) and ‘Morocco’ (stem rust susceptible). In previous tests for susceptiblity to stem rust race 15-B(TLM), two of the lines had been classified as slowrusting, two as moderate-rusting, and two as fast-rusting. The objectives ...
... Seven wheat cultivars of infection types 0, 1, 2 and 4 were inoculated with wheat stem rust, Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici race 32. Net photosynthesis activity was measured polarographically with an oxygen sensor during the first ten days of pathogenesis. With the exception of highly resistant cultivars, which showed only small changes in assimilation activity, oxygen evolution in infected plant ...
... The inheritance of seedling reaction in the greenhouse to cultures GB121, 111‐SS2, and 72.00 of Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Eriks. & E. Henn. was studied in the F₂, F₃, backcross‐F₁, and backcross‐F₂ from resistant wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. Estanzuela Dakuru crossed with susceptible ‘Little Club’ (LC) and ‘BH 1146’. The purpose was to determine the number and type of action of ge ...
... Three wheat cultivars susceptible to either stem rust or stripe rust were evaluated to determine the association of stripe rust and radiometric leaf reflectance to rust development and yield. Four vegetative indices based on these measurements were used to detect differences between healthy and diseased plants. Vegetation index differences between inoculated and control plants became progressively ...
... New sources of resistance to Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Erikss. and Henn. in barley(Hordeum vulgare L.) should be identified and incorporated into breeding programs to ensure the continued resistance of barley to this pathogen. The objective of this study was to identify resistance to stem rust in barley accessions from the USDA Wiebe collection and determine the relationship of this r ...
... Near‐isogenic lines of the wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar Prelude, currying either the sr5 gene for susceptibility or the Sr5 allele for resistance to stem rust (Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Erics. & E. Henn.) were inoculated with race 32 of the fungus which possesses the P5 gene for avirulence. Enzyme extracts prepared at different times after inoculation were separated by non‐de ...
... Near-isogenic lines (NILs) of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cartying single genes for resistance to stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici Eriks. & Henn.) are useful in genetical, plant pathological, and physiological studies. A stem rust susceptible, day-length insensitive genotype was developed for use as a recurrent parent in the production of NILs. Thirty-eight NILs were produced and teste ...
... A survey of spelt wheat accessions (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta L.) was made to characterize their reactions to stem rust (Puccinia graminis Rob. ex Desm. f. sp. tritici). Spelt wheat genotypes cross readily with bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and could be used as donor parents in bread wheat breeding programs. Because of the paucity of information on their reaction to stem rust in the liter ...