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... Indian citrus ringspot virus (ICRSV) is a devastating pathogen that has a particularly deleterious effect on the ‘Kinnow mandarin’, a commercial citrus crop cultivated in the northwest of India. ICRSV belongs to the Mandarivirus genus within the family of Alphaflexiviridae and has a positive sense single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) genome consisting of six open reading frames (ORFs). Severe cases of ICRS ...
... We developed a SYBR green I–based reverse-transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assay for bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV). Analytical sensitivity of the assay was ~ 100 times higher than conventional RT-PCR. The precision of the RT-qPCR established for RNA standards was high, with intra-assay and inter-assay coefficients of variation of 0.23–0.89% and 0.23–1.02%, respectively. The test was ...
... A comparative challenge study of six marine isolates representing subtypes 1-6 of salmonid alphavirus (salmon pancreas disease virus, Genus Alphavirus, Family Togaviridae) was conducted in Atlantic salmon in a fresh water cohabitation trial. Histopathological lesions typical of pancreas disease were observed with all subtypes, and virus was re-isolated from serum of cohabitant fish in each case. U ...
... Bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) is a serious disease affecting feedlot cattle in China and likely other places worldwide. Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (BPIV3) are principally responsible for causing BRDC, and are a major strain to the industrial economy. Eradication of these viruses/disease requires swift viral identification and treatment. Hen ...
... BACKGROUND: JC polyomavirus (JCV) is the causative agent of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system in immunosuppressed patients. PML usually has a poor prognosis. Detection and quantification of the JCV genome in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is an efficacious tool for the diagnosis and management of PML, for which proper therapeutic int ...
... BACKGROUND: Classical swine fever (CSF) is a highly contagious fatal infectious disease caused by classical swine fever virus (CSFV). A better understanding of CSFV replication is important for the study of pathogenic mechanism of CSF. With the development of novel RNA in situ Hybridization method, quantitatively localization and visualization of the virus RNA molecular in cultured cell or tissue ...
... A new genotype of yellow head virus (YHV), designated as YHV‐8, was found in farmed shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis suffering suspectedly from EMS/AHPNS (early mortality disease/acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease) in China in 2012. In this study, a one‐step, real‐time reverse‐transcription loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (rRT‐LAMP) assay was developed for better detection of both genot ...
... Six reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) primers designed against conserved regions of segment 6 (s6) gene were used for the detection of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella reovirus (GCRV) HZ08 subtype. The entire amplification could be completed within 40 min at 62·3◦ C. The RT-LAMP showed higher sensitivity than reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (R ...
... The existing CRISPR-mediated diagnostic tests require a two-step procedure (DNA or RNA amplification followed by CRISPR-mediated sequence-specific detection) for nucleic acid detection, which increases complexity and the risk of sample cross-contamination. Here, we report a new CRISPR-mediated test, called CRISPR-top (CRISPR-mediated testing in one-pot), which integrates simultaneous target pre-am ...
DNA; RNA; Trypanosoma cruzi; West Nile virus; animal health; cross reaction; monitoring; pathogens; public health; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; reverse transcription; viruses
Abstract:
... Vector-borne pathogens, such as Bourbon virus (BRBV), Heartland virus (HRTV), West Nile virus (WNV), and Trypanosoma cruzi (TCZ) are a great threat to public health and animal health. We developed a panel of TaqMan real-time PCR assays for pathogen surveillance. PCR targets were selected based on nucleic acid sequences deposited in GenBank. Primers and probes were either designed de novo or select ...
... Cats are susceptible to infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Whilst a number of studies have been performed worldwide on owned cats, limited data are available on stray, colony or shelter cats. We investigated SARS-CoV-2 infection in a stray cat population before and during human outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 in cities in the Lombardy region in northern Italy, a h ...
... In order to adapt port rapid detection of food borne norovirus, presently we developed a new typed detection method based on F₀F₁-ATPase molecular motor biosensor. A specific probe was encompassed the conservative region of norovirus and F₀F₁-ATPase within chromatophore was constructed as a molecular motor biosensor through the “ε-subunit antibody-streptomycin-biotin-probe” system. Norovirus was c ...
Eliana De Luca; Paolo Emidio Crisi; Marco Di Domenico; Daniela Malatesta; Giacomo Vincifori; Morena Di Tommaso; Giovanni Di Guardo; Gabriella Di Francesco; Antonio Petrini; Giovanni Savini; Andrea Boari; Alessio Lorusso
... The aim of this study was to develop a real-time RT-PCR to detect and quantitate feline morbillivirus (FeMV) RNA in biological samples. Primers and probe were targeted on a conserved region of FeMV P/V/C gene. To validate the assay with field samples, a total number of specimens of cats have been recruited including 264 urine and blood samples and compared with a generic RT-PCR targeting the L pro ...
... Strawberry mottle virus (SMoV) is one of the most important viruses infecting strawberry all over the world, seriously affecting the yield and quality of strawberry especially in the occasion of compound infection. Loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) as a new method of nucleic acid amplification has the advantages of rapid detection, simple operation and high sensitivity. Therefore, four ...
COVID-19 infection; CRISPR-Cas systems; Pseudoviridae; RNA; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; biosensors; color; cross reaction; detection limit; diagnostic techniques; genes; mobile telephones; nanogold; pandemic; single-stranded DNA
Abstract:
... The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) resulted from novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a worldwide concern. It is imperative to develop rapid, sensitive, and specific biosensing methods. Herein, we developed a CRISPR-Cas12a powered visual biosensor with a smartphone readout for ultrasensitive and selective detection of SARS-CoV-2. Simply, th ...
... The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a two-tube multiplex real-time RT-PCR assay for the detection and identification of four viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF) pathogens, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), Hantaan virus (HTNV), Seoul virus (SEOV), and dengue virus (DENV), from human clinical samples. The two-tube multiplex real-time RT-PCR assay we developed has a ...
... SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) contain several single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) at key sites in the receptor-binding region (RBD) that enhance infectivity and transmission, as well as cause immune escape, resulting in an aggravation of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Emerging VOCs have sparked the need for a diagnostic method capable of simultaneously monitoring these SNV ...
Luca Ferrari; Paolo Martelli; Roberta Saleri; Elena De Angelis; Giulia Ferrarini; Valeria Cavalli; Benedetta Passeri; Gianluca Bazzoli; Giulia Ogno; Walter Magliani; Paolo Borghetti
... This study evaluated the early modulation of the phenotype and cytokine secretion in swine immune cells treated with an engineered killer peptide (KP) based on an anti-idiotypic antibody functionally mimicking a yeast killer toxin. The influence of KP on specific immunity was investigated using porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) as ex v ...
... RNA silencing is a defense mechanism exploited by plants against viruses. Upon infection, viral genomes and their transcripts are processed by Dicer-like (DCL) ribonucleases into viral small interfering RNAs (vsRNAs) of 21–24 nucleotides that further guide silencing of viral transcripts. To get an insight into the molecular interaction between tomato and the monopartite phloem-limited begomovirus ...
... Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral diseases of cloven-hoofed animals, caused by FMD virus, a single molecule of linear positive sense, with single stranded RNA of size 7.2– 8.4 kb. Antigenic variation is one of the striking characters of FMD virus. It is a process by which an infectious organism alters its surface proteins in order to evade a host immune response and is asso ...
... A complementary DNA (cDNA) macroarray was developed for simultaneous detection of 12 different potato viruses. A suitable region in the viral genome for each was selected for Alfalfa mosaic virus, Cucumber mosaic virus, Potato aucuba mosaic virus, Potato leafroll virus, Potato mop-top virus, Potato virus A, Potato virus M, Potato virus S, Potato virus X, Potato virus Y, Tomato ringspot virus, and ...
... Aspergillus species are the paramount ubiquitous fungi that contaminate various food substrates and produce biochemicals known as mycotoxins. Aflatoxins (AFTs), ochratoxin A (OTA), patulin (PAT), citrinin (CIT), aflatrem (AT), secalonic acids (SA), cyclopiazonic acid (CPA), terrein (TR), sterigmatocystin (ST) and gliotoxin (GT), and other toxins produced by species of Aspergillus plays a major rol ...
Bluetongue virus; Holstein; RNA; blood; bluetongue; calves; cross immunity; cross reaction; hosts; males; necropsy; neutralizing antibodies; serotypes; signs and symptoms (animals and humans); vaccination; vaccines; veterinary medicine; viruses; Europe
Abstract:
... Bluetongue disease is caused by bluetongue virus (BTV) and BTV serotype 8 (BTV8) caused great economic damage in Europe during the last decade. From 1998 to 2007, in addition to BTV8, Europe had to face the emergence of BTV1, 2, 4, 9, and 16, spreading in countries where the virus has never been detected before. These unprecedented outbreaks trigger the need to evaluate and compare the clinical, v ...
... BACKGROUND: Protection against infection by Newcastle disease virus (NDV), also designated as avian paramyxovirus subtype-1 (APMV-1), is mediated by immune responses to the two surface glycoproteins, hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) and fusion (F) protein. Thus, a chimeric APMV-1 based vaccine that encodes APMV-8 HN- and F-proteins and expresses the hemagglutinin of avian influenza virus (AIV) H5N ...
... Detection of SARS-CoV-2 infections relies on the use of sensitive, accurate and high throughput RT-PCR assays.We assessed the analytical performance of the Abbott RealTime SARS-CoV-2 (RT-SARS), Alinity m SARS-CoV-2 (AlinSARS) assays and compared the clinical performance of the RT-SARS, AlinSARS, and Alinity m Resp-4-Plex (Alin4Plex) assays to the Seegene Allplex assay (Allplex) and an inhouse test ...
... Shellfish allergy is a prevalent, long-lasting disorder usually persisting throughout life. However, the allergen information is incomprehensive in crab. This study aimed to identify a novel allergen in crab, show its potential in diagnosis and reduce the allergenicity by food processing. A 21-kDa protein was purified from Scylla paramamosain and confirmed as sarcoplasmic calcium binding protein ( ...
... Background: Endothelin-1 (ET-1, “mature ET-1”) is a potent vasoconstrictor peptide that is made along with “big ET-1” from its precursor, preproET-1. Increased plasma concentrations of ET-1 and big ET-1 occur with various forms of cardiovascular disease in humans. Our laboratory is investigating plasma endothelins as diagnostic tests of cardiovascular disease in dogs and cats; however, commercial ...
COVID-19 infection; RNA; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; biosecurity; blood serum; cross reaction; human population; humans; humoral immunity; immunogenicity; monitoring; neutralization; neutralization tests; viruses; China
Abstract:
... A newly identified coronavirus, named SARS-CoV-2, emerged in December 2019 in Hubei Province, China, and quickly spread throughout the world; so far, it has caused more than 49.7 million cases of disease and 1,2 million deaths. The diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection is currently based on the detection of viral RNA in nasopharyngeal swabs by means of molecular-based assays, such as real-time RT-PCR. ...
... RT-PCR assays for detection of BRSV, based on four different sets of primers were optimized and evaluated for their sensitivity and specificity. Primers used in this study were specific for genes encoding three BRSV proteins, nucleoprotein N and glycoproteins F and G. Our results indicated that RT-PCR with primers B7:B8 for G protein was the most efficient in detecting BRSV. Starters B7:B8 reacted ...
COVID-19 infection; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; DNA; Orthomyxoviridae; RNA; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; aerosols; biosensors; cross reaction; fluorescence; mobile telephones; point-of-care systems; China
Abstract:
... The outbreaks of the infectious disease COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 seriously threatened the life of humans. A rapid, reliable and specific detection method was urgently needed. Herein, we reported a contamination-free visual detection method for SARS-CoV-2 with LAMP and CRISPR/Cas12a technology. CRISPR/Cas12a reagents were pre-added on the inner wall of the tube lid. After LAMP reaction, CRISPR ...
... Dengue virus (DENV) is one of the most important mosquito-borne viruses in tropical and subtropical regions. Development of severe forms of dengue viral infection such as dengue fever (DF) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) has claimed many lives. The standard methods for detecting dengue virus are time consuming, laborious, and require skilful personnel. In this study, we propose a method whereby ...
... A real-time, reverse transcription-PCR (RT-qPCR) assay was developed to differentiate the four genogroups of male-specific ssRNA coliphages (FRNA) (family Leviviridae). As FRNA display a trend of source-specificity (human sewage or animal waste) at the genogroup level, this assay provides a tool to help identify the origin of fecal contamination. Primers and probes were designed using complete gen ...
Cintia H. Okino; Daiane Voss-Rech; Fátima R. F. Jaenisch; Iara M. Trevisol; Raquel Rebelatto; Arlei Coldebella; Marcos A. Z. Mores; Rodrigo Giglioti; Clarissa S. L. Vaz
... Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is an immunosuppressive viral disease of chickens, associated with severe economic losses and major threats to poultry production worldwide. Disease prevention programs rely on unequivocal identification of the pathogen, as well as vaccination programs. This study developed a sensitive, one-step, real-time, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reactio ...
... Outbreaks of hepatitis A in Thailand have been reported continuely and associated with water supply. However, the genetic analysis of hepatitis A virus (HAV) in water is limited. This study described the application of virus concentration method and reverse transcriptase-nested polymerase chain reaction (RT-nested PCR) to detect HAV RNA and analyse the genetic sequence of the virus in environmenta ...
... Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is the most common clinical infectious disease threatening the safety of human life. Herein, we provided a sensitive and specific method for detection and differentiation of RSV subgroups A (RSVA) and B (RSVB) with colorimetric toehold switch sensors in a paper-based cell-free system. In this method, we applied the toehold switch, an RNA-based riboswitch ...
... Aichi virus (AiV) is an emerging single-stranded, positive-sense, non-enveloped RNA virus in the Picornaviridae that causes acute gastroenteritis in humans. The first case of AiV infection in Taiwan was diagnosed in a human neonate with enterovirus-associated symptoms; the virus was successfully isolated and propagated. To establish a method to detect AiV, we analyzed the antigen epitope and gener ...
... A ribonucleic acid (RNA) hybridization assay to identify cattle infected by bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is described. The RNA probe was derived from the coding region at the 3′ end of the genome of the NADL strain of BVDV. Total RNA from infected cell cultures or peripheral blood leukocytes from suspect animals was extracted and applied to nylon membranes with a slot blot apparatus. Periphe ...
DNA primers; Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus; RNA; World Health Organization; cross reaction; diagnostic techniques; disease diagnosis; humans; loop-mediated isothermal amplification; microbial detection; monitoring; nucleocapsid proteins; pathogens; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; reverse transcription; temperature; viruses; Saudi Arabia
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: The first documented case of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) occurred in 2012, and outbreaks have continued ever since, mainly in Saudi Arabia. MERS-CoV is primarily diagnosed using a real-time RT-PCR assay, with at least two different genomic targets required for a positive diagnosis according to the case definition of The World Health Organization (WHO) as of ...
... BACKGROUND: Efficient monitoring and control of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) require access to diagnostic tests, and serological diagnostic testing is desirable. In the current study, antibodies were investigated in patients recently diagnosed with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. METHODS: Cross-sectional data were obtained from 245 patients in whom SA ...
... A conserved nucleic acid fragment of the nucleocapsid gene of Swine Transmissible Gastroenteritis Coronavirus (TGEV) was chosen as the target, six special primers were designed successfully. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) was developed to detect the TGEV by incubation at 60°C for 1 h and the product specificity was confirmed by Hph I digestion. Standard curves with high accuracy for ...
G-proteins; RNA; adverse effects; allergens; carrots; celery; cross reaction; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; foods; hypersensitivity; monoclonal antibodies; protein sources; protein synthesis
Abstract:
... Among food allergens, celery is a frequent cause for adverse food reactions in allergic patients. In this study, the celery allergen protein Api g 1.01 RNA was amplified by RT-PCR and cloned into the pET-32a expression vector. The recombinant plasmid was transformed into E.coli BL21(DE3) pLys for the expression of protein Api g 1.01. Monoclonal antibodies were prepared against the expressed purifi ...
... The marine diatom genus Pseudo-nitzschia includes species that produce domoic acid, a neurotoxin responsible for illness and mortality in both humans and marine wildlife. Because of the expertise and time required for the microscopic discrimination of species, molecular methods that monitor environmental concentrations of Pseudo-nitzschia provide a rapid alternative for the early detection of bloo ...
... A reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay was developed for detection of rotavirus. Four primers were designed to recognize six distinct regions based on a highly conserved sequence in the VP7 region of the rotavirus genome. The optimal conditions for the LAMP assay were determined to 62 °C for 60 min with 8.0 mM MgSO4, 0.2 M betaine, 0.8 mM dNTPs, 0.2 μM each ...
... BACKGROUND: Murine norovirus (MNV) is recognized as the most prevalent viral pathogen in captive mouse colonies. The rapid detection assay for MNV would be a useful tool for monitoring and preventing MNV infection. A recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) assay was established in this study to provide a solution for rapid and sensitive detection of MNV. RESULTS: The detection limit of the RT-R ...
... As of Aug 25, 2017, 17 incidences of human infection and 6 deaths due to the novel H5N6 virus have been reported in China. Genetic analysis of the viral genome revealed that this reassortant virus is highly pathogenic to poultry, and that the virus has a risk of transmission to humans. Accordingly, the development of a rapid, sensitive, and specific molecular diagnostic assay is critical for publi ...
... Salmon alphavirus (SAV) is a widespread virus that infects Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Europe. It has a fatality rate of ≤48% and can cause pancreatic and sleeping disease. With the frequent exchange of salmon farming trade, it may become a global pathogen; therefore, a sensitive, effective, and high-throughput detection method is necessary. The serolog ...
... The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic is posing a great threat to global health and economy. Due to the lack of broad diagnostic setup, consistent reagent supply lines, and access to laboratory instruments and equipment, it is undoubtedly an enormous burden for developing countries to face the crisis. To develop a cost-effective, reliable and sensit ...
... Rabies virus (RABV) remains one of the most important global zoonotic pathogens. RABV causes rabies, an acute encephalomyelitis associated with a high rate of mortality in humans and animals and affecting different parts of the world, particularly in Asia and Africa. Confirmation of rabies diagnosis relies on laboratory diagnosis, in which molecular techniques such as detection of viral RNA by rev ...
... African swine fever (ASF) is an infectious disease caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV) with clinical symptoms of high fever, hemorrhages and high mortality rate, posing a threat to the global swine industry and food security. Quarantine and control of ASFV is crucial for preventing swine industry from ASFV infection. In this study, a recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA)-CRISPR-based n ...
... We developed and evaluated RNA aptamers to analyze their potential for use in detecting Salmonella Enteritidis. The selected aptamer was observed to specifically bind to Salmonella Enteritidis without any cross-reactivity to other Salmonella serovars. Thus, this study suggests that aptamers specific to Salmonella Enteritidis have a high potential for use in presumptive presumptive screening method ...