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1. Host phenotype and microbiome vary with infection status, parasite genotype, and parasite microbiome composition

Author:
Megan A. Hahn; Agnes Piecyk; Fátima Jorge; Robert Cerrato; Martin Kalbe; Nolwenn M. Dheilly
Source:
Molecular ecology 2022 v.31 no.5 pp. 1577-1594
ISSN:
0962-1083
Subject:
Schistocephalus; gene expression; genotype; helminths; immune response; immunomodulation; intestinal microorganisms; microbiome; phenotype
Abstract:
... A growing literature demonstrates the impact of helminths on their host gut microbiome. We investigated whether the stickleback host microbiome depends on ecoevolutionary variables by testing the impact of exposure to the cestode parasite Schistocephalus solidus with respect to infection success, host genotype, parasite genotype, and parasite microbiome composition. We observed constitutive differ ...
DOI:
10.1111/mec.16344

2. How cunning is the puppet-master? Cestode-infected fish appear generally fearless

Author:
P. Andreas Svensson; Ramin Eghbal; Ramona Eriksson; Emelie Nilsson
Source:
Parasitology research 2022 v.121 no.5 pp. 1305-1315
ISSN:
0932-0113
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; antipredatory behavior; fearfulness; fish; hunger; odors; parasites; parasitology; predation; research; vigor
Abstract:
... Trophically transmitted parasites have life cycles that require the infected host to be eaten by the correct type of predator. Such parasites should benefit from an ability to suppress the host’s fear of predators, but if the manipulation is imprecise the consequence may be increased predation by non-hosts, to the detriment of the parasite. Three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) infect ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00436-022-07470-2

3. Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Spirometra Tapeworms from Snakes in Hunan Province

Author:
Shu-Yu Chen; Teng-Fang Gong; Jun-Lin He; Fen Li; Wen-Chao Li; Li-Xing Xie; Xin-Rui Xie; Yi-Song Liu; Ying-Fang Zhou; Wei Liu
Source:
Veterinary sciences 2022 v.9 no.2 pp. -
ISSN:
2306-7381
Subject:
Diphyllobothrium; Ligula; Schistocephalus; Spirometra; algorithms; genetic variation; parasitoses; phylogeny; population genetics; ribosomal DNA; statistical analysis; Australia; China; Vietnam
Abstract:
... Sparganosis is a neglected zoonotic parasitic disease that poses huge threats to humans worldwide. Snakes play an important role in sparganosis transmission because they are the most common second intermediate hosts for Spirometra parasites. However, the population genetics of Spirometra isolates from snakes is currently not well studied in China. The present study was performed to explore the mol ...
DOI:
10.3390/vetsci9020062

4. No strong associations between temperature and the host–parasite interaction in wild stickleback

Author:
Hanna M. V. Granroth‐Wilding; Ulrika Candolin
Source:
Journal of fish biology 2022 v.101 no.3 pp. 453-463
ISSN:
0022-1112
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; climate change; demography; fish; host-parasite relationships; parasites; temperature; thermal stress; Baltic Sea
Abstract:
... As climate change progresses, thermal stress is expected to alter the way that host organisms respond to infections by pathogens and parasites, with consequences for the fitness and therefore population processes of both host and parasite. The authors used a correlational natural experiment to examine how temperature differences shape the impact of the cestode parasite Schistocephalus solidus on i ...
DOI:
10.1111/jfb.15107

5. Stickleback mass occurrence driven by spatially uneven parasite pressure? Insights into infection dynamics, host mortality, and epizootic variability

Author:
Jan Baer; Sarah M. Gugele; Samuel Roch; Alexander Brinker
Source:
Parasitology research 2022 v.121 no.6 pp. 1607-1619
ISSN:
0932-0113
Subject:
Coregonus; Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; epizootic diseases; habitats; littoral zone; mortality; parasites; parasitology; pelagic fish; reproduction; research; risk; Lake Constance
Abstract:
... Since 2012, a massive invasion of the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) has taken place into the pelagic area of Lake Constance. This species, which had previously been restricted to the littoral zone, is now the dominant pelagic fish and the previously dominant whitefish (Coregonus wartmanni) has suffered severe reductions in growth and recruitment. In this study, in total, 2871 s ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00436-022-07517-4

6. The timing and development of infections in a fish–cestode host–parasite system

Author:
Anika M. Wohlleben; Natalie C. Steinel; Néva P. Meyer; John A. Baker; Susan A. Foster
Source:
Parasitology 2022 v.149 no.9 pp. 1173-1178
ISSN:
1469-8161
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; freshwater; host-parasite relationships; parasites; parasitology; young of the year
Abstract:
... The cestode Schistocephalus solidus is a common parasite in freshwater threespine stickleback populations, imposing strong fitness costs on their hosts. Given this, it is surprising how little is known about the timing and development of infections in natural stickleback populations. Previous work showed that young-of-year stickleback can get infected shortly after hatching. We extended this obser ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0031182022000567

7. Climate change facilitates a parasite’s host exploitation via temperature‐mediated immunometabolic processes

Author:
Jörn P. Scharsack; Bartholomäus Wieczorek; Alexander Schmidt‐Drewello; Janine Büscher; Frederik Franke; Andrew Moore; Antoine Branca; Anika Witten; Monika Stoll; Erich Bornberg‐Bauer; Susann Wicke; Joachim Kurtz
Source:
Global change biology 2021 v.27 no.1 pp. 94-107
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; biochemical pathways; birds; body condition; climate change; ectothermy; gene expression; immune system; immunity; intermediate hosts; liver; metabolism; parasites; pathogenicity; progeny; temperature; transcriptome
Abstract:
... Global climate change can influence organismic interactions like those between hosts and parasites. Rising temperatures may exacerbate the exploitation of hosts by parasites, especially in ectothermic systems. The metabolic activity of ectotherms is strongly linked to temperature and generally increases when temperatures rise. We hypothesized that temperature change in combination with parasite in ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.15402

8. DNA barcoding reveals different cestode helminth species in northern European marine and freshwater ringed seals

Author:
Tommi Nyman; Elena Papadopoulou; Eeva Ylinen; Saskia Wutke; Craig T. Michell; Ludmila Sromek; Tuula Sinisalo; Elena Andrievskaya; Vyacheslav Alexeev; Mervi Kunnasranta
Source:
International journal for parasitology 2021 v.15 pp. 255-261
ISSN:
2213-2244
Subject:
DNA barcoding; Ligula intestinalis; Pusa hispida; Russia; Schistocephalus; fish; freshwater; helminths; hosts; lakes; parasitology; seals; Baltic Sea; Finland
Abstract:
... Three subspecies of the ringed seal (Pusa hispida) are found in northeastern Europe: P. h. botnica in the Baltic Sea, P. h saimensis in Lake Saimaa in Finland, and P. h. ladogensis in Lake Ladoga in Russia. We investigated the poorly-known cestode helminth communities of these closely related but ecologically divergent subspecies using COI barcode data. Our results show that, while cestodes from t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijppaw.2021.06.004

9. Evolutionary transitions in broad tapeworms (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidea) revealed by mitogenome and nuclear ribosomal operon phylogenetics

Author:
Natalia Fraija-Fernández; Andrea Waeschenbach; Andrew G. Briscoe; Suzanne Hocking; Roman Kuchta; Tommi Nyman; D. Timothy J. Littlewood
Source:
Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 2021 v.163 pp. 107262
ISSN:
1055-7903
Subject:
Schistocephalus; conspecificity; definitive hosts; freshwater; habitat preferences; habitats; mitochondrial genome; operon; phylogeny; seals
Abstract:
... Broad tapeworms (Diphyllobothriidea) are parasites whose adults are capable of infecting a wide range of freshwater, marine and terrestrial tetrapods including humans. Previous works examining the evolution of habitat and host use in this group have been hampered by the lack of a well-resolved phylogeny. In order to produce a robust phylogenetic framework for diphyllobothriideans, we sequenced the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107262

10. Parasite infection impairs the shoaling behaviour of uninfected shoal members under predator attack

Author:
Nicolle Demandt; David Bierbach; Ralf H. J. M. Kurvers; Jens Krause; Joachim Kurtz; Jörn P. Scharsack
Source:
Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 2021 v.75 no.11 pp. 148
ISSN:
0340-5443
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; birds; fish; group behavior; parasites; predation; risk; sociobiology
Abstract:
... A key benefit of sociality is a reduction in predation risk. Cohesive group behaviour and rapid collective decision making are essential for reducing predation risk in groups. Parasite infection might reduce an individuals’ grouping behaviours and thereby change the behaviour of the group as a whole. To investigate the relationship between parasite infection and grouping behaviours, we studied gro ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00265-021-03080-7

11. Systematic examination of the cardiopulmonary, urogenital, muscular and gastrointestinal parasites of the Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) in Denmark, a protected species recovering from a dramatic decline

Author:
N. Takeuchi-Storm; M.N.S. Al-Sabi; Mariann Chriel; H.L. Enemark
Source:
Parasitology international 2021 v.84 pp. 102418
ISSN:
1383-5769
Subject:
Acanthocephala; Cryptosporidium; Eimeria; Giardia; Lutra lutra; Molineus; Physaloptera; Plagiorchis; Schistocephalus; Strongyloides; fauna; fluorescent antibody technique; gastrointestinal system; helminths; muscles; parasitology; protected species; Denmark
Abstract:
... The Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) is a protected species in Denmark and at present, the population is recovering due to conservation efforts. The Danish otters are mainly found in the continental part of Denmark (Jutland), but establishment in the main islands (Fyn and Zealand) has been observed. While there is a lack of systematic studies on the parasite fauna of otters in Denmark, this study aims ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.parint.2021.102418

12. The parasite Schistocephalus solidus secretes proteins with putative host manipulation functions

Author:
Chloé Suzanne Berger; Jérôme Laroche; Halim Maaroufi; Hélène Martin; Kyung-Mee Moon; Christian R. Landry; Leonard J. Foster; Nadia Aubin-Horth
Source:
Parasites & vectors 2021 v.14 no.1 pp. 436
ISSN:
1756-3305
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; cell communication; fish; genes; nucleotide sequences; parasites; prediction; proteinases; proteome; proteomics
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Manipulative parasites are thought to liberate molecules in their external environment, acting as manipulation factors with biological functions implicated in their host’s physiological and behavioural alterations. These manipulation factors are part of a complex mixture called the secretome. While the secretomes of various parasites have been described, there is very little data for a ...
DOI:
10.1186/s13071-021-04933-w

13. Are solo infections of the diphyllobothriidean cestode Schistocephalus solidus more virulent than multiple infections?

Author:
David C. Heins; Kristine N. Moody; Sophia Miller
Source:
Parasitology 2019 v.146 no.1 pp. 97-104
ISSN:
1469-8161
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; body condition; clutch size; eggs; fish; helminths; intermediate hosts; lakes; larvae; life history; prediction; spawning; virulence; Alaska
Abstract:
... We performed a long-term natural experiment investigating the impact of the diphyllobotriidean cestode Schistocephalus solidus on the body condition and clutch size (CS) of threespine stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus, its second intermediate host, and the growth of larval parasites in host fish. We tested the hypothesis that single S. solidus infections were more virulent than multiple infection ...
DOI:
10.1017/S003118201800094X
PubMed:
29921332

14. Consequences of divergent temperature optima in a host–parasite system

Author:
Frederik Franke; Nadja Raifarth; Joachim Kurtz; Jörn P. Scharsack
Source:
Oikos 2019 v.128 no.6 pp. 869-880
ISSN:
0030-1299
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; ectothermy; egg production; fish; global warming; hatching; host-parasite relationships; hosts; immunity; progeny; reproductive performance; sexual maturity; tapeworms; temperature; Germany; Iceland; Spain
Abstract:
... It was suggested that parasite infections become more severe with rising temperature, as expected during global warming. In ectothermic systems, the growth of a parasite and therefore its reproductive capacity is expected to increase with temperature. However, the outcome of the interaction depends on the temperature optima of both host and parasite. Here we used experimental infections of three‐s ...
DOI:
10.1111/oik.05864

15. Crowding in the first intermediate host does not affect infection probability in the second host in two helminths

Author:
D.P. Benesh
Source:
Journal of helminthology 2019 v.93 no.2 pp. 172-176
ISSN:
1475-2697
Subject:
Camallanus; Copepoda; Gasterosteidae; Schistocephalus; fish; helminths; intermediate hosts; larvae; probability
Abstract:
... When many worms co-infect the same host, their average size is often reduced. This negative density-dependent growth is called the crowding effect. Crowding has been reported many times for worms in their intermediate hosts, but rarely have the fitness consequences of crowding been examined. This study tested whether larval crowding reduces establishment success in the next host for two parasites ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0022149X1800007X
PubMed:
29441842

16. Estimating effective population size for a cestode parasite infecting three-spined sticklebacks

Author:
Hannah M. Strobel; Sara J. Hays; Kristine N. Moody; Michael J. Blum; David C. Heins
Source:
Parasitology 2019 v.146 no.7 pp. 883-896
ISSN:
1469-8161
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; body length; effective population size; evolution; genetic variation; host-parasite relationships; hosts; lakes; microsatellite repeats; parasites; population genetics; population structure; Alaska
Abstract:
... Remarkably few attempts have been made to estimate contemporary effective population size (Nₑ) for parasitic species, despite the valuable perspectives it can offer on the tempo and pace of parasite evolution as well as coevolutionary dynamics of host–parasite interactions. In this study, we utilized multi-locus microsatellite data to derive single-sample and temporal estimates of contemporary Nₑ ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0031182018002226
PubMed:
30720409 30720409

17. Examining the role of parasites in limiting unidirectional gene flow between lake and river sticklebacks

Author:
Noémie I. Erin; Daniel P. Benesh; Tina Henrich; Irene E. Samonte; Per J. Jakobsen; Martin Kalbe
Source:
journal of animal ecology 2019 v.88 no.12 pp. 1986-1997
ISSN:
0021-8790
Subject:
Diplostomum; Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; animal ecology; colonizing ability; fish; gene flow; genetic structure; genetic variation; geographical distribution; host specificity; immunocompetence; lakes; parasites; parentage; reproductive isolation; rivers
Abstract:
... Parasites are important selective agents with the potential to limit gene flow between host populations by shaping local host immunocompetence. We report on a contact zone between lake and river three‐spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) that offers the ideal biogeographic setting to explore the role of parasite‐mediated selection on reproductive isolation. A waterfall acts as a natural ba ...
DOI:
10.1111/1365-2656.13080

18. In vitro effects of the neuroactive substances serotonin and γ-aminobutyric acid on leucocytes from sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus)

Author:
Ivan A. Kutyrev; Frederik Franke; Joachim Kurtz; Jörn P. Scharsack
Source:
Fish & shellfish immunology 2019 v.87 pp. 286-296
ISSN:
1050-4648
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; anthelmintics; antigens; cell viability; cell-mediated immunity; chemiluminescence; fish; flow cytometry; gamma-aminobutyric acid; helminths; host-parasite relationships; hosts; immune response; immunomodulators; kidneys; lymphocytes; neurons; reactive oxygen species; receptors; serotonin; shellfish
Abstract:
... The majority of parasites have evolved strategies to evade the immune responses of their hosts. Neuroactive substances produced by cestodes are possible candidate molecules for regulating host immune responses. The neurons of helminths can synthesize a wide range of molecules that are identical to the ones functioning in their host organisms, and host lymphocytes have receptors for these neuroacti ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fsi.2019.01.022

19. The right response at the right time: Exploring helminth immune modulation in sticklebacks by experimental coinfection

Author:
Agnes Piecyk; Marc Ritter; Martin Kalbe
Source:
Molecular ecology 2019 v.28 no.10 pp. 2668-2680
ISSN:
0962-1083
Subject:
Diplostomum; Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; T-lymphocytes; complement; eyes; flukes; gene expression; genes; helminthiasis; host-parasite relationships; hosts; immune response; immunomodulation; mixed infection; models
Abstract:
... Parasites are one of the strongest selective agents in nature. They select for hosts that evolve counter‐adaptive strategies to cope with infection. Helminth parasites are special because they can modulate their hosts’ immune responses. This phenomenon is important in epidemiological contexts, where coinfections may be affected. How different types of hosts and helminths interact with each other i ...
DOI:
10.1111/mec.15106
PubMed:
30993799
PubMed Central:
PMC6852435

20. Comparative morphology of surface ultrastructure of diphyllobothriidean tapeworms (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidea)

Author:
Aneta Yoneva; Tomáš Scholz; Roman Kuchta
Source:
Invertebrate biology 2018 v.137 no.1 pp. 38-48
ISSN:
1077-8306
Subject:
Ligula intestinalis; Schistocephalus; anatomy and morphology; biogeography; birds; cytoplasm; definitive hosts; frogs; lizards; mammals; parasitism; snakes; tapeworms; transmission electron microscopy; ultrastructure
Abstract:
... Microtriches on the scolices and adjacent strobila of seven species of diphyllobothriidean cestodes (Bothridium pithonis, Cephalochlamys namaquensis, Dibothriocephalus latus, Duthiersia expansa, D. fimbriata, Ligula intestinalis, and Schistocephalus solidus) from different hosts (frogs, snakes, lizards, birds, and mammals) and biogeographic areas were examined using scanning and transmission elect ...
DOI:
10.1111/ivb.12202