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1. Host phenotype and microbiome vary with infection status, parasite genotype, and parasite microbiome composition

Author:
Megan A. Hahn; Agnes Piecyk; Fátima Jorge; Robert Cerrato; Martin Kalbe; Nolwenn M. Dheilly
Source:
Molecular ecology 2022 v.31 no.5 pp. 1577-1594
ISSN:
0962-1083
Subject:
Schistocephalus; gene expression; genotype; helminths; immune response; immunomodulation; intestinal microorganisms; microbiome; phenotype
Abstract:
... A growing literature demonstrates the impact of helminths on their host gut microbiome. We investigated whether the stickleback host microbiome depends on ecoevolutionary variables by testing the impact of exposure to the cestode parasite Schistocephalus solidus with respect to infection success, host genotype, parasite genotype, and parasite microbiome composition. We observed constitutive differ ...
DOI:
10.1111/mec.16344

2. How cunning is the puppet-master? Cestode-infected fish appear generally fearless

Author:
P. Andreas Svensson; Ramin Eghbal; Ramona Eriksson; Emelie Nilsson
Source:
Parasitology research 2022 v.121 no.5 pp. 1305-1315
ISSN:
0932-0113
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; antipredatory behavior; fearfulness; fish; hunger; odors; parasites; parasitology; predation; research; vigor
Abstract:
... Trophically transmitted parasites have life cycles that require the infected host to be eaten by the correct type of predator. Such parasites should benefit from an ability to suppress the host’s fear of predators, but if the manipulation is imprecise the consequence may be increased predation by non-hosts, to the detriment of the parasite. Three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) infect ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00436-022-07470-2

3. Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Spirometra Tapeworms from Snakes in Hunan Province

Author:
Shu-Yu Chen; Teng-Fang Gong; Jun-Lin He; Fen Li; Wen-Chao Li; Li-Xing Xie; Xin-Rui Xie; Yi-Song Liu; Ying-Fang Zhou; Wei Liu
Source:
Veterinary sciences 2022 v.9 no.2 pp. -
ISSN:
2306-7381
Subject:
Diphyllobothrium; Ligula; Schistocephalus; Spirometra; algorithms; genetic variation; parasitoses; phylogeny; population genetics; ribosomal DNA; statistical analysis; Australia; China; Vietnam
Abstract:
... Sparganosis is a neglected zoonotic parasitic disease that poses huge threats to humans worldwide. Snakes play an important role in sparganosis transmission because they are the most common second intermediate hosts for Spirometra parasites. However, the population genetics of Spirometra isolates from snakes is currently not well studied in China. The present study was performed to explore the mol ...
DOI:
10.3390/vetsci9020062

4. Stickleback mass occurrence driven by spatially uneven parasite pressure? Insights into infection dynamics, host mortality, and epizootic variability

Author:
Jan Baer; Sarah M. Gugele; Samuel Roch; Alexander Brinker
Source:
Parasitology research 2022 v.121 no.6 pp. 1607-1619
ISSN:
0932-0113
Subject:
Coregonus; Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; epizootic diseases; habitats; littoral zone; mortality; parasites; parasitology; pelagic fish; reproduction; research; risk; Lake Constance
Abstract:
... Since 2012, a massive invasion of the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) has taken place into the pelagic area of Lake Constance. This species, which had previously been restricted to the littoral zone, is now the dominant pelagic fish and the previously dominant whitefish (Coregonus wartmanni) has suffered severe reductions in growth and recruitment. In this study, in total, 2871 s ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00436-022-07517-4

5. Climate change facilitates a parasite’s host exploitation via temperature‐mediated immunometabolic processes

Author:
Jörn P. Scharsack; Bartholomäus Wieczorek; Alexander Schmidt‐Drewello; Janine Büscher; Frederik Franke; Andrew Moore; Antoine Branca; Anika Witten; Monika Stoll; Erich Bornberg‐Bauer; Susann Wicke; Joachim Kurtz
Source:
Global change biology 2021 v.27 no.1 pp. 94-107
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; biochemical pathways; birds; body condition; climate change; ectothermy; gene expression; immune system; immunity; intermediate hosts; liver; metabolism; parasites; pathogenicity; progeny; temperature; transcriptome
Abstract:
... Global climate change can influence organismic interactions like those between hosts and parasites. Rising temperatures may exacerbate the exploitation of hosts by parasites, especially in ectothermic systems. The metabolic activity of ectotherms is strongly linked to temperature and generally increases when temperatures rise. We hypothesized that temperature change in combination with parasite in ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.15402

6. DNA barcoding reveals different cestode helminth species in northern European marine and freshwater ringed seals

Author:
Tommi Nyman; Elena Papadopoulou; Eeva Ylinen; Saskia Wutke; Craig T. Michell; Ludmila Sromek; Tuula Sinisalo; Elena Andrievskaya; Vyacheslav Alexeev; Mervi Kunnasranta
Source:
International journal for parasitology 2021 v.15 pp. 255-261
ISSN:
2213-2244
Subject:
DNA barcoding; Ligula intestinalis; Pusa hispida; Russia; Schistocephalus; fish; freshwater; helminths; hosts; lakes; parasitology; seals; Baltic Sea; Finland
Abstract:
... Three subspecies of the ringed seal (Pusa hispida) are found in northeastern Europe: P. h. botnica in the Baltic Sea, P. h saimensis in Lake Saimaa in Finland, and P. h. ladogensis in Lake Ladoga in Russia. We investigated the poorly-known cestode helminth communities of these closely related but ecologically divergent subspecies using COI barcode data. Our results show that, while cestodes from t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijppaw.2021.06.004

7. Evolutionary transitions in broad tapeworms (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidea) revealed by mitogenome and nuclear ribosomal operon phylogenetics

Author:
Natalia Fraija-Fernández; Andrea Waeschenbach; Andrew G. Briscoe; Suzanne Hocking; Roman Kuchta; Tommi Nyman; D. Timothy J. Littlewood
Source:
Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 2021 v.163 pp. 107262
ISSN:
1055-7903
Subject:
Schistocephalus; conspecificity; definitive hosts; freshwater; habitat preferences; habitats; mitochondrial genome; operon; phylogeny; seals
Abstract:
... Broad tapeworms (Diphyllobothriidea) are parasites whose adults are capable of infecting a wide range of freshwater, marine and terrestrial tetrapods including humans. Previous works examining the evolution of habitat and host use in this group have been hampered by the lack of a well-resolved phylogeny. In order to produce a robust phylogenetic framework for diphyllobothriideans, we sequenced the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107262

8. Parasite infection impairs the shoaling behaviour of uninfected shoal members under predator attack

Author:
Nicolle Demandt; David Bierbach; Ralf H. J. M. Kurvers; Jens Krause; Joachim Kurtz; Jörn P. Scharsack
Source:
Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 2021 v.75 no.11 pp. 148
ISSN:
0340-5443
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; birds; fish; group behavior; parasites; predation; risk; sociobiology
Abstract:
... A key benefit of sociality is a reduction in predation risk. Cohesive group behaviour and rapid collective decision making are essential for reducing predation risk in groups. Parasite infection might reduce an individuals’ grouping behaviours and thereby change the behaviour of the group as a whole. To investigate the relationship between parasite infection and grouping behaviours, we studied gro ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00265-021-03080-7

9. Systematic examination of the cardiopulmonary, urogenital, muscular and gastrointestinal parasites of the Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) in Denmark, a protected species recovering from a dramatic decline

Author:
N. Takeuchi-Storm; M.N.S. Al-Sabi; Mariann Chriel; H.L. Enemark
Source:
Parasitology international 2021 v.84 pp. 102418
ISSN:
1383-5769
Subject:
Acanthocephala; Cryptosporidium; Eimeria; Giardia; Lutra lutra; Molineus; Physaloptera; Plagiorchis; Schistocephalus; Strongyloides; fauna; fluorescent antibody technique; gastrointestinal system; helminths; muscles; parasitology; protected species; Denmark
Abstract:
... The Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) is a protected species in Denmark and at present, the population is recovering due to conservation efforts. The Danish otters are mainly found in the continental part of Denmark (Jutland), but establishment in the main islands (Fyn and Zealand) has been observed. While there is a lack of systematic studies on the parasite fauna of otters in Denmark, this study aims ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.parint.2021.102418

10. The parasite Schistocephalus solidus secretes proteins with putative host manipulation functions

Author:
Chloé Suzanne Berger; Jérôme Laroche; Halim Maaroufi; Hélène Martin; Kyung-Mee Moon; Christian R. Landry; Leonard J. Foster; Nadia Aubin-Horth
Source:
Parasites & vectors 2021 v.14 no.1 pp. 436
ISSN:
1756-3305
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; cell communication; fish; genes; nucleotide sequences; parasites; prediction; proteinases; proteome; proteomics
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Manipulative parasites are thought to liberate molecules in their external environment, acting as manipulation factors with biological functions implicated in their host’s physiological and behavioural alterations. These manipulation factors are part of a complex mixture called the secretome. While the secretomes of various parasites have been described, there is very little data for a ...
DOI:
10.1186/s13071-021-04933-w

11. Are solo infections of the diphyllobothriidean cestode Schistocephalus solidus more virulent than multiple infections?

Author:
David C. Heins; Kristine N. Moody; Sophia Miller
Source:
Parasitology 2019 v.146 no.1 pp. 97-104
ISSN:
1469-8161
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; body condition; clutch size; eggs; fish; helminths; intermediate hosts; lakes; larvae; life history; prediction; spawning; virulence; Alaska
Abstract:
... We performed a long-term natural experiment investigating the impact of the diphyllobotriidean cestode Schistocephalus solidus on the body condition and clutch size (CS) of threespine stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus, its second intermediate host, and the growth of larval parasites in host fish. We tested the hypothesis that single S. solidus infections were more virulent than multiple infection ...
DOI:
10.1017/S003118201800094X
PubMed:
29921332

12. Consequences of divergent temperature optima in a host–parasite system

Author:
Frederik Franke; Nadja Raifarth; Joachim Kurtz; Jörn P. Scharsack
Source:
Oikos 2019 v.128 no.6 pp. 869-880
ISSN:
0030-1299
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; ectothermy; egg production; fish; global warming; hatching; host-parasite relationships; hosts; immunity; progeny; reproductive performance; sexual maturity; tapeworms; temperature; Germany; Iceland; Spain
Abstract:
... It was suggested that parasite infections become more severe with rising temperature, as expected during global warming. In ectothermic systems, the growth of a parasite and therefore its reproductive capacity is expected to increase with temperature. However, the outcome of the interaction depends on the temperature optima of both host and parasite. Here we used experimental infections of three‐s ...
DOI:
10.1111/oik.05864

13. Crowding in the first intermediate host does not affect infection probability in the second host in two helminths

Author:
D.P. Benesh
Source:
Journal of helminthology 2019 v.93 no.2 pp. 172-176
ISSN:
1475-2697
Subject:
Camallanus; Copepoda; Gasterosteidae; Schistocephalus; fish; helminths; intermediate hosts; larvae; probability
Abstract:
... When many worms co-infect the same host, their average size is often reduced. This negative density-dependent growth is called the crowding effect. Crowding has been reported many times for worms in their intermediate hosts, but rarely have the fitness consequences of crowding been examined. This study tested whether larval crowding reduces establishment success in the next host for two parasites ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0022149X1800007X
PubMed:
29441842

14. Estimating effective population size for a cestode parasite infecting three-spined sticklebacks

Author:
Hannah M. Strobel; Sara J. Hays; Kristine N. Moody; Michael J. Blum; David C. Heins
Source:
Parasitology 2019 v.146 no.7 pp. 883-896
ISSN:
1469-8161
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; body length; effective population size; evolution; genetic variation; host-parasite relationships; hosts; lakes; microsatellite repeats; parasites; population genetics; population structure; Alaska
Abstract:
... Remarkably few attempts have been made to estimate contemporary effective population size (Nₑ) for parasitic species, despite the valuable perspectives it can offer on the tempo and pace of parasite evolution as well as coevolutionary dynamics of host–parasite interactions. In this study, we utilized multi-locus microsatellite data to derive single-sample and temporal estimates of contemporary Nₑ ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0031182018002226
PubMed:
30720409 30720409

15. Examining the role of parasites in limiting unidirectional gene flow between lake and river sticklebacks

Author:
Noémie I. Erin; Daniel P. Benesh; Tina Henrich; Irene E. Samonte; Per J. Jakobsen; Martin Kalbe
Source:
journal of animal ecology 2019 v.88 no.12 pp. 1986-1997
ISSN:
0021-8790
Subject:
Diplostomum; Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; animal ecology; colonizing ability; fish; gene flow; genetic structure; genetic variation; geographical distribution; host specificity; immunocompetence; lakes; parasites; parentage; reproductive isolation; rivers
Abstract:
... Parasites are important selective agents with the potential to limit gene flow between host populations by shaping local host immunocompetence. We report on a contact zone between lake and river three‐spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) that offers the ideal biogeographic setting to explore the role of parasite‐mediated selection on reproductive isolation. A waterfall acts as a natural ba ...
DOI:
10.1111/1365-2656.13080

16. In vitro effects of the neuroactive substances serotonin and γ-aminobutyric acid on leucocytes from sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus)

Author:
Ivan A. Kutyrev; Frederik Franke; Joachim Kurtz; Jörn P. Scharsack
Source:
Fish & shellfish immunology 2019 v.87 pp. 286-296
ISSN:
1050-4648
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; anthelmintics; antigens; cell viability; cell-mediated immunity; chemiluminescence; fish; flow cytometry; gamma-aminobutyric acid; helminths; host-parasite relationships; hosts; immune response; immunomodulators; kidneys; lymphocytes; neurons; reactive oxygen species; receptors; serotonin; shellfish
Abstract:
... The majority of parasites have evolved strategies to evade the immune responses of their hosts. Neuroactive substances produced by cestodes are possible candidate molecules for regulating host immune responses. The neurons of helminths can synthesize a wide range of molecules that are identical to the ones functioning in their host organisms, and host lymphocytes have receptors for these neuroacti ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fsi.2019.01.022

17. The right response at the right time: Exploring helminth immune modulation in sticklebacks by experimental coinfection

Author:
Agnes Piecyk; Marc Ritter; Martin Kalbe
Source:
Molecular ecology 2019 v.28 no.10 pp. 2668-2680
ISSN:
0962-1083
Subject:
Diplostomum; Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; T-lymphocytes; complement; eyes; flukes; gene expression; genes; helminthiasis; host-parasite relationships; hosts; immune response; immunomodulation; mixed infection; models
Abstract:
... Parasites are one of the strongest selective agents in nature. They select for hosts that evolve counter‐adaptive strategies to cope with infection. Helminth parasites are special because they can modulate their hosts’ immune responses. This phenomenon is important in epidemiological contexts, where coinfections may be affected. How different types of hosts and helminths interact with each other i ...
DOI:
10.1111/mec.15106
PubMed:
30993799
PubMed Central:
PMC6852435

18. A novel progesterone receptor membrane component (PGRMC) in the human and swine parasite Taenia solium: implications to the host-parasite relationship

Author:
Hugo Aguilar-Díaz; Karen E. Nava-Castro; Galileo Escobedo; Lenin Domínguez-Ramírez; Martín García-Varela; Víctor H. del Río-Araiza; Margarita I. Palacios-Arreola; Jorge Morales-Montor
Source:
Parasites & vectors 2018 v.11 no.1 pp. 161
ISSN:
1756-3305
Subject:
Schistocephalus; Schistosoma haematobium; Taenia solium; coevolution; computers; confocal microscopy; cysticerci; electrophoresis; estradiol; flow cytometry; genome; host-parasite relationships; humans; molecular models; new drugs; parasites; phylogeny; progesterone; progesterone receptors; sequence alignment; steroid hormones; swine; testosterone
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: We have previously reported that progesterone (P₄) has a direct in vitro effect on the scolex evagination and growth of Taenia solium cysticerci. Here, we explored the hypothesis that the P₄ direct effect on T. solium might be mediated by a novel steroid-binding parasite protein. METHODS: By way of using immunofluorescent confocal microscopy, flow cytometry analysis, double-dimension e ...
DOI:
10.1186/s13071-018-2703-1
PubMed:
29523160
PubMed Central:
PMC5845172

19. Comparative morphology of surface ultrastructure of diphyllobothriidean tapeworms (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidea)

Author:
Aneta Yoneva; Tomáš Scholz; Roman Kuchta
Source:
Invertebrate biology 2018 v.137 no.1 pp. 38-48
ISSN:
1077-8306
Subject:
Ligula intestinalis; Schistocephalus; anatomy and morphology; biogeography; birds; cytoplasm; definitive hosts; frogs; lizards; mammals; parasitism; snakes; tapeworms; transmission electron microscopy; ultrastructure
Abstract:
... Microtriches on the scolices and adjacent strobila of seven species of diphyllobothriidean cestodes (Bothridium pithonis, Cephalochlamys namaquensis, Dibothriocephalus latus, Duthiersia expansa, D. fimbriata, Ligula intestinalis, and Schistocephalus solidus) from different hosts (frogs, snakes, lizards, birds, and mammals) and biogeographic areas were examined using scanning and transmission elect ...
DOI:
10.1111/ivb.12202

20. Differences between populations in host manipulation by the tapeworm Schistocephalus solidus – is there local adaptation?

Author:
Nina Hafer
Source:
Parasitology 2018 v.145 no.6 pp. 762-769
ISSN:
1469-8161
Subject:
Copepoda; Schistocephalus; host-parasite relationships; hosts; pathogenicity; predation; tapeworms
Abstract:
... Host manipulation whereby a parasite increases its transmission to a subsequent host by altering the behaviour of its current host is very far spread. It also occurs in host–parasite systems that are widely distributed. This offers the potential for local adaptation. The tapeworm Schistocephalus solidus modifies its first intermediate copepod host's predation susceptibility to suit its own needs b ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0031182017001792
PubMed:
29113596

21. Early stages of infection of three‐spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) with the cestode Schistocephalus solidus

Author:
Anika Marie Wohlleben; Frederik Franke; Madeleine Hamley; Joachim Kurtz; Jörn Peter Scharsack
Source:
Journal of fish diseases 2018 v.41 no.11 pp. 1701-1708
ISSN:
0140-7775
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; body cavities; fish; helminths; intermediate hosts; kidneys; leukocytes; lymphocyte proliferation; respiratory burst
Abstract:
... Parasitic helminths have evolved strategies to evade their host's immune systems. Particularly, the early time of interactions between helminths and their hosts might be decisive for their infection success. We used the cestode Schistocephalus solidus, and its highly specific second intermediate host, the three‐spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) to investigate parasite infection and host ...
DOI:
10.1111/jfd.12876

22. Schistocephalus solidus parasite prevalence and biomass intensity in threespine stickleback vary by habitat and diet in boreal lakes

Author:
Martin C. Arostegui; Rachel A. Hovel; Thomas P. Quinn
Source:
Environmental biology of fishes 2018 v.101 no.3 pp. 501-514
ISSN:
0378-1909
Subject:
Copepoda; Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; biomass; diet; ecosystems; euphotic zone; fish; habitats; intermediate hosts; invertebrates; lakes; littoral zone; models; mortality; multivariate analysis; parasites; prediction; prey species; principal component analysis; stomach; zooplankton; Alaska
Abstract:
... Trophically-transmitted parasites can affect intermediate host behaviors, resulting in spatial differences in parasite prevalence and distribution that shape the dynamics of hosts and their ecosystems. This variability may arise through differences in physical habitats or biological interactions between parasites and their hosts, and may occur on very fine spatial scales. Using a pseudophyllidean ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10641-018-0719-1

23. An experimental approach to the immuno-modulatory basis of host-parasite local adaptation in tapeworm-infected sticklebacks

Author:
Madeleine Hamley; Frederik Franke; Joachim Kurtz; Jörn Peter Scharsack
Source:
Experimental parasitology 2017 pp. -
ISSN:
0014-4894
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; adaptive immunity; allopatry; coevolution; excretory-secretory products; host-parasite relationships; hosts; leukocytes; sympatry; tapeworms; virulence; Germany; Iceland; Spain
Abstract:
... The evolutionary arms race of hosts and parasites often results in adaptations, which may differ between populations. Investigation of such local adaptation becomes increasingly important to understand dynamics of host-parasite interactions and co-evolution. To this end we performed an infection experiment involving pairs of three-spined sticklebacks and their tapeworm parasite Schistocephalus sol ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.exppara.2017.03.004

24. Cannibalism facilitates gigantism in a nine‐spined stickleback (Pungitius pungitius) population

Author:
Juha Merilä; Antti P. Eloranta
Source:
Ecology of freshwater fish 2017 v.26 no.4 pp. 686-694
ISSN:
0906-6691
Subject:
Pungitius pungitius; Schistocephalus; aquatic communities; cannibalism; castration; diet; eggs; fish; fish communities; invertebrates; nitrogen; ontogeny; parasites; parasitoses; predation; reproduction; stable isotopes; starvation; stomach
Abstract:
... Cannibalism is a taxonomically widespread phenomenon that can fundamentally affect the structure and stability of aquatic communities, including the emergence of a bimodal size distribution (“dwarfs” and “giants”) in fish populations. Emergence of giants could also be driven or facilitated by parasites that divert host resources from reproduction to growth. We studied the trophic ecology of giant ...
DOI:
10.1111/eff.12316

25. Environmental temperature variation influences fitness trade-offs and tolerance in a fish-tapeworm association

Author:
Frederik Franke; Sophie A. O. Armitage; Megan A. M. Kutzer; Joachim Kurtz; Jörn P. Scharsack
Source:
Parasites & vectors 2017 v.10 no.1 pp. 252
ISSN:
1756-3305
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; allopatry; ambient temperature; host-parasite relationships; hosts; immune response; lakes; sympatry; tapeworms
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Increasing temperatures are predicted to strongly impact host-parasite interactions, but empirical tests are rare. Host species that are naturally exposed to a broad temperature spectrum offer the possibility to investigate the effects of elevated temperatures on hosts and parasites. Using three-spined sticklebacks, Gasterosteus aculeatus L., and tapeworms, Schistocephalus solidus (Mül ...
DOI:
10.1186/s13071-017-2192-7
PubMed:
28571568
PubMed Central:
PMC5455083

26. Intestinal helminths of the white stork (Ciconia ciconia Linnaeus 1758) from an inter-route site in Turkey

Author:
Ahmet Onur Girisgin; Sezen Birlik; Bayram Senlik; Hikmet Sami Yildirimhan
Source:
Acta veterinaria Hungarica 2017 v.65 no.2 pp. 221-233
ISSN:
1588-2705
Subject:
Ciconia ciconia; Echinoparyphium; Schistocephalus; birds; gastrointestinal system; helminths; necropsy; swamps; Turkey (country)
Abstract:
... In Turkey, a study was conducted during the years 2009–2015 to detect the gastrointestinal helminth species of 18 white storks (Ciconia ciconia Linnaeus, 1758 (Aves: Ciconiiformes) sampled from aquatic or swamp areas of Bursa Province, one of the inter-route sites where storks intensely stay. The results of postmortem examination revealed that 17 (94.44%) white storks harboured one or more helmint ...
DOI:
10.1556/004.2017.022

27. Major host transitions are modulated through transcriptome‐wide reprogramming events in Schistocephalus solidus, a threespine stickleback parasite

Author:
François Olivier Hébert; Stephan Grambauer; Iain Barber; Christian R. Landry; Nadia Aubin‐Horth
Source:
Molecular ecology 2017 v.26 no.4 pp. 1118-1130
ISSN:
0962-1083
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; birds; developmental stages; fish; gene expression regulation; genes; intermediate hosts; neural pathways; niches; parasites; pathogenicity; phenotype; sensation; sexual maturity; transcription (genetics); transcriptomics
Abstract:
... Parasites with complex life cycles have developed numerous phenotypic strategies, closely associated with developmental events, to enable the exploitation of different ecological niches and facilitate transmission between hosts. How these environmental shifts are regulated from a metabolic and physiological standpoint, however, still remain to be fully elucidated. We examined the transcriptomic re ...
DOI:
10.1111/mec.13970

28. New earthworms from Madagascar with key to the Kynotus species (Oligochaeta: Kynotidae)

Author:
Malalatiana Razafindrakoto; Csaba Csuzdi; Samuel James; Eric Blanchart
Source:
Zoologischer Anzeiger 2017 v.268 pp. 126-135
ISSN:
0044-5231
Subject:
DNA barcoding; Oligochaeta; Schistocephalus; biodiversity; earthworms; new species; taxonomic keys; Madagascar
Abstract:
... Investigation of earthworms collected in Madagascar resulted in the discovery of two new species belonging to the endemic family Kynotidae: Kynotus sihanakus and Kynotus sakafotsy spp. nov. In addition to the description of both new species, Kynotus voeltzkowi Michaelsen, 1897 and Kynotus schistocephalus Michaelsen, 1897 were recorded for the first time after the original description. DNA barcodin ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcz.2016.08.001

29. Specific manipulation or systemic impairment? Behavioural changes of three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) infected with the tapeworm Schistocephalus solidus

Author:
Manuel Talarico; Franziska Seifert; Josef Lange; Norbert Sachser; Joachim Kurtz; Jörn P. Scharsack
Source:
Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 2017 v.71 no.2 pp. 36
ISSN:
0340-5443
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; adverse effects; behavior change; birds; body condition; escape behavior; fish; foraging; hosts; predation; predator avoidance; tapeworms
Abstract:
... Manipulation of host behaviour by parasites to enhance transmission to the next host is a fascinating yet controversial phenomenon. This is because it is often hard to discriminate specific manipulation from unspecific side effects of the infection, i.e. a systemic impairment that could be due to a weakened general body condition. When infected with the tapeworm Schistocephalus solidus, sticklebac ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00265-017-2265-9

30. The cestode parasite Schistocephalus pungitii: castrator or nutrient thief of ninespine stickleback fish?

Author:
DAVID C. HEINS
Source:
Parasitology 2017 v.144 no.6 pp. 834-840
ISSN:
1469-8161
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Pungitius pungitius; Schistocephalus; adults; clutch size; egg masses; eggs; females; fish; host-parasite relationships; lakes; parasites; reproductive performance; Alaska
Abstract:
... In this investigation, the host–parasite relationship of ninespine stickleback fish Pungitius pungitius and the cestode parasite Schistocephalus pungitii was studied using samples from Dog Bone Lake, Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, to test the hypothesis that S. pungitii is a castrator of ninespine stickleback. Infected, adult females of all sizes (ages) were capable of producing clutches of eggs. S. pun ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0031182016002596
PubMed:
28073385

31. Using the small subunit of nuclear ribosomal DNA to reveal the phylogenetic position of the plerocercoid larvae of Spirometra tapeworms

Author:
Xi Zhang; Jiang Yang Duan; Zhong Quan Wang; Peng Jiang; Ruo Dan Liu; Jing Cui
Source:
Experimental parasitology 2017 pp. -
ISSN:
0014-4894
Subject:
Bayesian theory; Diphyllobothrium; Ligula; Schistocephalus; Spirometra; frogs; genes; genetic markers; larvae; models; nucleotide sequences; phylogeny; ribosomal DNA; sequence diversity; tapeworms; topology; China
Abstract:
... Although medically important, the systematics of Spirometra and the taxonomic position of S. erinaceieuropaei remain unclear. In this study, the 18S rDNA gene of S. erinaceieuropaei sparganum from naturally infected frogs caught in 14 geographical locations of China was sequenced. In addition, all available 18S sequences of the family Diphyllobothriidae in the Genbank database were included to rec ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.exppara.2017.01.006

32. Virulence in the three-spined stickleback specific parasite Schistocephalus solidus is inherited additively

Author:
Marc Ritter; Martin Kalbe; Tina Henrich
Source:
Experimental parasitology 2017 pp. -
ISSN:
0014-4894
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; fish; host-parasite relationships; hybrids; inheritance (genetics); progeny; reproductive success; tapeworms; virulence
Abstract:
... Parasite virulence is a key trait in host-parasite interactions and plays a crucial role in infection dynamics. Our study system offers the rare opportunity to study the virulence of an individual macroparasite (Schistocephalus solidus) in its vertebrate fish host (Gasterosteus aculeatus). The size of the tapeworm in the fish can be regarded as a good proxy for individual parasite virulence, as pa ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.exppara.2017.02.016

33. Experimental parasite community ecology: intraspecific variation in a large tapeworm affects community assembly

Author:
Daniel P. Benesh; Martin Kalbe
Source:
journal of animal ecology 2016 v.85 no.4 pp. 1004-1013
ISSN:
0021-8790
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; Trematoda; cages; community structure; cross immunity; energy; field experimentation; fish; foraging; immune response; interspecific competition; intraspecific variation; lakes; tapeworms
Abstract:
... Non‐random species associations occur in naturally sampled parasite communities. The processes resulting in predictable community structure (e.g. particular host behaviours, cross‐immunity, interspecific competition) could be affected by traits that vary within a parasite species, like growth or antigenicity. We experimentally infected three‐spined sticklebacks with a large tapeworm (Schistocephal ...
DOI:
10.1111/1365-2656.12527

34. Geographic and host‐mediated population genetic structure in a cestode parasite of the three‐spined stickleback

Author:
Hannah M. Strobel; Fernando Alda; C. Grace Sprehn; Michael J. Blum; David C. Heins
Source:
Biological journal of the Linnean Society 2016 v.119 no.2 pp. 381-396
ISSN:
0024-4066
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; cluster analysis; cytochrome b; gene flow; genes; genetic variation; geography; haplotypes; host range; host-parasite relationships; hosts; microsatellite repeats; mitochondria; parasites; population structure
Abstract:
... Comparative studies of genetic diversity and population structure can shed light on the ecological and evolutionary factors that influence host–parasite interactions. Here we examined whether geography, time and genetic variation in Alaskan three‐spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus Linneaus) hosts shape the population genetic structure of the diphyllobothridean cestode parasite Schistocepha ...
DOI:
10.1111/bij.12826

35. Oestrogenic pollutants promote the growth of a parasite in male sticklebacks

Author:
Vicki Macnab; Ioanna Katsiadaki; Ceinwen A. Tilley; Iain Barber
Source:
Aquatic toxicology 2016 v.174 pp. 92-100
ISSN:
0166-445X
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; aquatic environment; bioactive properties; biomarkers; body condition; correlation; data collection; endocrine-disrupting chemicals; environmental impact; females; fish; host-parasite relationships; hosts; males; parasites; phenotype; pollutants; vitellogenin
Abstract:
... Aquatic environments are especially susceptible to anthropogenic chemical pollution. Yet although knowledge on the biological effects of pollutants on aquatic organisms is increasing, far less is known about how ecologically-important interspecific interactions are affected by chemicals. In particular, the consequences of anthropogenic pollution for the interaction of hosts and parasites are poorl ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.02.010
PubMed:
26922400
PubMed Central:
PMC4827130

36. Reciprocal cross infection of sticklebacks with the diphyllobothriidean cestode Schistocephalus solidus reveals consistent population differences in parasite growth and host resistance

Author:
Martin Kalbe; Christophe Eizaguirre; Jörn P. Scharsack; Per J. Jakobsen
Source:
Parasites & vectors 2016 v.9 no.1 pp. 130
ISSN:
1756-3305
Subject:
Gasterosteidae; Schistocephalus; antagonists; coevolution; cross infection; hosts; hybrids; nitric oxide; phenotype; population size; reciprocal crosses; sympatry; tapeworms; virulence
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: In host-parasite evolutionary arms races, parasites are generally expected to adapt more rapidly, due to their large population sizes and short generation times. There exist systems, though, where parasites cannot outpace their hosts because of similar generation times in both antagonists. In those cases concomitant adaptation is expected. METHODS: We tested this hypothesis in the thre ...
DOI:
10.1186/s13071-016-1419-3
PubMed:
26951744
PubMed Central:
PMC4782366

37. Solo Schistocephalus solidus tapeworms are nasty

Author:
JARLE TRYTI NORDEIDE; FELIPE MATOS
Source:
Parasitology 2016 v.143 no.10 pp. 1301-1309
ISSN:
1469-8161
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; body condition; energy; intermediate hosts; latitude; tapeworms; virulence
Abstract:
... Trophically transmitted parasites must trade-off own growth on one hand and energy drain from the intermediate host on the other hand, since killing the host before transmission to the next host is a dead end for both parasites and hosts. This challenge becomes especially intriguing when multiple parasites find themselves within the same individual host. The tapeworm Schistocephalus solidus may ga ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0031182016000676
PubMed:
27221770

38. The Effect of Salinity on Egg Development and Viability of Schistocephalus solidus (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidea)

Author:
Simmonds Natalie E.; Barber Iain
Source:
Journal of parasitology 2016 v.102 no.1 pp. 42-46
ISSN:
0022-3395
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; coasts; eggs; freshwater; hatching; in vitro culture; plerocercoids; salinity; salt tolerance; viability
Abstract:
... Schistocephalus solidus plerocercoids commonly infect three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus populations in brackish and freshwaters, but infections are typically absent from marine populations. Here we provide an experimental test of the salinity tolerance of S. solidus eggs, to determine the role of salinity in limiting the distribution of infection in coastal zones. We find that S. sol ...
DOI:
10.1645/14-701

39. Timing of Infections in the Threespine Stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) by Schistocephalus solidus in Alaska

Author:
Heins D. C.; Eidam D. M.; Baker J. A.
Source:
Journal of parasitology 2016 v.102 no.2 pp. 286-289
ISSN:
0022-3395
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; autumn; fish; hatching; hosts; ice; lakes; parasites; summer; winter; Alaska
Abstract:
... This study provides direct evidence for the timing of infections by Schistocephalus solidus in the threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) of south-central Alaska. Young-of-the-year fish in Cheney Lake were infected during their first summer within a few months after hatching in May–June. Infections appear to continue under ice cover on the lake during the subsequent fall and winter. Few, ...
DOI:
10.1645/14-675

40. Human-induced eutrophication maintains high parasite prevalence in breeding threespine stickleback populations

Author:
ALEXANDRE BUDRIA; ULRIKA CANDOLIN
Source:
Parasitology 2015 v.142 no.5 pp. 719-727
ISSN:
1469-8161
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; anthropogenic activities; birds; breeding; breeding season; coasts; eutrophication; fish; food availability; habitats; piscivores; predation; tapeworms; viability; Finland
Abstract:
... Anthropogenic activities are having profound impacts on species interactions, with further consequences for populations and communities. We investigated the influence that anthropogenic eutrophication has on the prevalence of the parasitic tapeworm Schistocephalus solidus in threespine stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus populations. We caught stickleback from four areas along the coast of Finland, ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0031182014001814
PubMed:
25498372

41. Identification of candidate mimicry proteins involved in parasite-driven phenotypic changes

Author:
Francois Olivier Hebert; Luke Phelps; Irene Samonte; Mahesh Panchal; Stephan Grambauer; Iain Barber; Martin Kalbe; Christian R Landry; Nadia Aubin-Horth
Source:
Parasites & vectors 2015 v.8 no.1 pp. 225
ISSN:
1756-3305
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; developmental stages; genes; ion transport; membrane proteins; molecular mimicry; niches; peptides; phenotype; proteome; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; sequence homology; tapeworms
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Endoparasites with complex life cycles are faced with several biological challenges, as they need to occupy various ecological niches throughout their development. Host phenotypes that increase the parasite’s transmission rate to the next host have been extensively described, but few mechanistic explanations have been proposed to describe their proximate causes. In this study we explor ...
DOI:
10.1186/s13071-015-0834-1
PubMed:
25888917
PubMed Central:
PMC4407394

42. Parasite communities of two three-spined stickleback populations in subarctic Norway—effects of a small spatial-scale host introduction

Author:
Jesper A. Kuhn; Roar Kristoffersen; Rune Knudsen; Jonas Jakobsen; David J. Marcogliese; Sean A. Locke; Raul Primicerio; Per-Arne Amundsen
Source:
Parasitology research 2015 v.114 no.4 pp. 1327-1339
ISSN:
0932-0113
Subject:
Apatemon; Crepidostomum; DNA barcoding; Diphyllobothrium; Diplostomum; Eubothrium; Gasterosteus aculeatus; Gyrodactylus; Nematoda; Proteocephalus; Salmonidae; Schistocephalus; aquatic habitat; cytochrome-c oxidase; host specificity; intermediate hosts; lakes; metacercariae; parasites; Norway
Abstract:
... Co-introduction and colonization of parasites with the introduction of new host species into aquatic habitats may depend on the host specificity and dispersal capabilities of the parasites. We compared the metazoan parasite community of an introduced three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) population with that of the nearby source population in subarctic Norway. As expected from a small ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00436-015-4309-2

43. Vitellogenesis of diphyllobothriidean cestodes (Platyhelminthes)

Author:
Aneta Yoneva; Tomáš Scholz; Magdaléna Bruňanská; Roman Kuchta
Source:
Comptes rendus 2015 v.338 no.3 pp. 169-179
ISSN:
1631-0691
Subject:
Schistocephalus; Varanus; Xenopus; birds; developmental stages; droplets; endoplasmic reticulum; frogs; glycogen; keratinosomes; lipids; mitochondria; tapeworms; transmission electron microscopy; vitellogenesis
Abstract:
... The recently erected cestode order Diphyllobothriidea is unique among all tapeworm orders in that its species infect all major groups of tetrapods, including man. In the present paper, the vitellogenesis of representatives of all three currently recognized families of this order was evaluated, based on ultrastructural (transmission electron microscopy) and cytochemical (detection of glycogen) obse ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.crvi.2015.01.001

44. Consistency of host responses to parasitic infection in the three‐spined stickleback fish infected by the diphyllobothriidean cestode Schistocephalus solidus

Author:
David C. Heins; Kelly A. Barry; Laura A. Petrauskas
Source:
Biological journal of the Linnean Society 2014 v.113 no.4 pp. 958-968
ISSN:
0024-4066
Subject:
Gasterosteidae; Schistocephalus; adverse effects; clutch size; eggs; environmental factors; fecundity; females; fish; lakes; ova; parasites; parasitism; spawning; Alaska
Abstract:
... Among populations of the three‐spined stickleback fish in Alaska, females appear to show two forms of sterility tolerance to infection by the diphyllobothriidean cestode Schistocephalus solidus. In contrast to sticklebacks in other regions of the northern hemisphere, female fish are capable of producing clutches of eggs despite supporting large parasite burdens. Nonetheless, nutrient loss to the p ...
DOI:
10.1111/bij.12392

45. Copulation order, density cues and variance in fertilization success in a cestode

Author:
D. ANDREOU; D. P. BENESH
Source:
Parasitology 2014 v.141 no.7 pp. 934-939
ISSN:
1469-8161
Subject:
Schistocephalus; copulation; eggs; environmental factors; females; fish; hermaphroditism; intermediate hosts; males; paternity; reproductive success; sperm competition; variance
Abstract:
... Simultaneous hermaphrodites maximize their fitness by optimizing their investment into male or female functions. Allocation of resources to male function (tissues, traits, and/or behaviours increasing paternity) is predicted to increase as density, and the associated level of sperm competition, increases. We tested whether the simultaneous hermaphroditic cestode Schistocephalus solidus uses cues o ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0031182014000043
PubMed:
24560286

46. Fecundity compensation and fecundity reduction among populations of the three-spined stickleback infected by Schistocephalus solidus in Alaska

Author:
DAVID C. HEINS; JOHN A. BAKER
Source:
Parasitology 2014 v.141 no.8 pp. 1088-1096
ISSN:
1469-8161
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; adverse effects; clutch size; egg masses; fecundity; females; ova; parasites; parasitism; Alaska
Abstract:
... We surveyed nine populations of the three-spined stickleback infected by the diphyllobothriidean cestode Schistocephalus solidus from south-central Alaska for two apparent forms of tolerance to infection in females capable of producing egg clutches notwithstanding large parasite burdens. Seven populations exhibited fecundity reduction, whereas two populations showed fecundity compensation. Our dat ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0031182014000535
PubMed:
24773729

47. In vitro effects of prostaglandin E2 on leucocytes from sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) infected and not infected with the cestode Schistocephalus solidus

Author:
Ivan A. Kutyrev; Frederik Franke; Janine Büscher; Joachim Kurtz; Jörn P. Scharsack
Source:
Fish & shellfish immunology 2014 v.41 no.2 pp. 473-481
ISSN:
1050-4648
Subject:
Gasterosteus aculeatus; Schistocephalus; anthelmintics; cell viability; chemiluminescence; fish; flow cytometry; granulocytes; host-parasite relationships; hosts; immune response; immunomodulation; immunomodulators; in vitro culture; kidneys; lipopolysaccharides; lymphocytes; mammals; prostaglandins; reactive oxygen species; tapeworms
Abstract:
... Many helminth parasites have evolved strategies to evade the immune response of their hosts, which includes immunomodulation. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is one of the best-described immunomodulators in mammalian helminth parasite infections. We hypothesized that also in teleost fish anti-helminthic immune responses are regulated via PGE2. We used a model system consisting of the tapeworm Schistocepha ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fsi.2014.09.031

48. In vitro leukocyte response of three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) to helminth parasite antigens

Author:
Frederik Franke; Anna K. Rahn; Janine Dittmar; Noémie Erin; Jennifer K. Rieger; David Haase; Irene E. Samonte-Padilla; Joseph Lange; Per J. Jakobsen; Miguel Hermida; Carlos Fernández; Joachim Kurtz; Theo C.M. Bakker; Thorsten B.H. Reusch; Martin Kalbe; Jörn P. Scharsack
Source:
Fish & shellfish immunology 2014 v.36 no.1 pp. 130-140
ISSN:
1050-4648
Subject:
Cyprinidae; Diplostomum; Gasterosteus aculeatus; Ligula intestinalis; Schistocephalus; Triaenophorus; birds; chemiluminescence; experimental design; fish; flow cytometry; gene flow; helminth antigens; helminths; host range; immune response; intermediate hosts; kidneys; leukocytes; sympatry
Abstract:
... Helminth parasites of teleost fish have evolved strategies to evade and manipulate the immune responses of their hosts. Responsiveness of fish host immunity to helminth antigens may therefore vary depending on the degree of host-parasite counter-adaptation. Generalist parasites, infective for a number of host species, might be unable to adapt optimally to the immune system of a certain host specie ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fsi.2013.10.019

49. Making the in vitro breeding of Schistocephalus solidus more flexible

Author:
Friederike Weinreich; Martin Kalbe; Daniel P. Benesh
Source:
Experimental parasitology 2014 v.139 pp. 1-5
ISSN:
0014-4894
Subject:
Schistocephalus; adults; cutting; eggs; hatching; outcrossing; parents; plerocercoids; progeny; reproductive performance; tapeworms
Abstract:
... Schistocephalus solidus is one of the few cestodes that can be bred in vitro. Worms have typically been bred in pairs, so the parents of each offspring can clearly be assigned. From a genetic perspective, it would be useful to be able to mate an individual worm to multiple partners while still being able to distinguish among different parents. As each adult S. solidus possesses numerous reproducti ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.exppara.2014.02.002

50. Bullhead (Cottus gobio L.) invasion in the Utsjoki River (Northern Finland): Parasitological aspects

Author:
E. P. Ieshko; B. S. Shul’man; D. I. Lebedeva; Yu. Yu. Barskaya; E. Niemela
Source:
Russian journal of biological invasions 2013 v.4 no.1 pp. 17-23
ISSN:
2075-1117
Subject:
Apatemon; Cottus gobio; Diplostomum; Salmo salar; Schistocephalus; animal communities; helminths; larvae; metacercariae; parr; plerocercoids; rivers; species diversity; Finland
Abstract:
... The bullhead (Cottus gobio L.) was for the first time recorded in the Utsjoki River (70° N, 27° E), a large tributary of the Teno River (Northern Finland), in 1979 and in subsequent years spread widely within this lake-river system. The studies of 1993 and 2007 allowed the general trends of changes in the bullhead mass parasitic species composition and incidence over the examined time period to be ...
DOI:
10.1134/S2075111713010049