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You searched for: Subject term Scotland Remove constraint Subject term: Scotland Subject term agricultural land Remove constraint Subject term: agricultural land
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1. Distribution and prevalence of the predatory planarian Artioposthia triangulata (Dendy) (Tricladida: Terricola) in Scotland

Author:
Boag, B.; Palmer, L.F.; Neilson, R.; Chambers, S.J.
Source:
Annals of applied biology 1994 v.124 no.1 pp. 165-171
ISSN:
0003-4746
Subject:
Planaria; predators; earthworms; agricultural land; population distribution; Scotland
DOI:
10.1111/j.1744-7348.1994.tb04124.x

2. Sewage sludge application to land--a preliminary assessment of the sensitivity of Scottish soils to heavy metal inputs

Author:
Towers, W.; Paterson, E.
Source:
Soil use and management 1997 v.13 no.3 pp. 149-155
ISSN:
0266-0032
Subject:
agricultural land; sewage sludge; land application; heavy metals; groundwater contamination; soil pH; buffering capacity; risk; Scotland
Abstract:
... The projected increase in sewage sludge used on land within many countries in the European Community will provide a major source of entry for several heavy metals into the soil. Although the application rate of sewage sludge to agricultural land is constrained by maximum annual additions of heavy metals, there is a need to know the sensitivity of those soils to heavy metal inputs which are physica ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1475-2743.1997.tb00576.x

3. Soil and land use effects on phosphorus in six streams draining small agricultural catchments in Scotland

Author:
Hooda, P.S.; Moynagh, M.; Svoboda, I.F.; Thurlow, M.; Stewart, M.; Thomson, M.; Anderson, H.A.
Source:
Soil use and management 1997 v.13 no.4 pp. 196-204
ISSN:
0266-0032
Subject:
agricultural land; watersheds; phosphorus; losses from soil; land use; soil types; streams; eutrophication; Scotland
Abstract:
... Phosphorus concentrations and outputs have been compared and contrasted in six small agricultural catchments in the west and northeast of Scotland. The loss of P from soils to stream waters was more from catchments with intensive dairy cattle farming in the west than from the less intensively stocked/arable catchments in the northeast, with striking differences being seen between the two regions. ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1475-2743.1997.tb00586.x

4. Changes in fertilizer and manurial practices during 1960-1990: implications for N and P inputs to the Ythan catchment, N.E. Scotland

Author:
Domburg, P.; Edwards, A.C.; Sinclair, A.H.; Wright, G.G.; Ferrier, R.C.
Source:
Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 1998 v.52 no.1 pp. 19-29
ISSN:
1385-1314
Subject:
water pollution; history; application rate; animal manures; nitrogen; agricultural land; algae; nitrate nitrogen; watersheds; swine; eutrophication; crop management; land use; grasslands; estuaries; poultry; phosphorus; Scotland; Northern Ireland
Abstract:
... A suggested increase in the growth of macrophytic algae within the Ythan estuary (N.E. Scotland) over recent years has been linked to the increased amounts of nitrogen in the form of NO3-N entering the estuary from the river. The increased NO3 concentration in the river has been associated with recent changes in farming practices in this predominantly agricultural catchment. Terrestrially derived ...

5. Comparison of N2O emissions from soils at three temperate agricultural sites: simulations of year-round measurements by four models

Author:
Frolking, S.E.; Mosier, A.R.; Ojima, D.S.; Li, C.; Parton, W.J.; Potter, C.S.; Priesack, E.; Stenger, R.; Haberbosch, C.; Dorsch, P.
Source:
Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 1998 v.52 no.2/3 pp. 77-105
ISSN:
1385-1314
Subject:
ammonia; seasonal variation; field experimentation; measurement; grasslands; biogeochemical cycles; nitrates; fields; degradation; simulation models; soil bacteria; biological activity in soil; emissions; denitrification; nitrous oxide; rangelands; nitric oxide; nitrogen; soil physical properties; urea; thawing; Germany; Colorado; Scotland
Abstract:
... Nitrous oxide (N2O) flux simulations by four models were compared with year-round field measurements from five temperate agricultural sites in three countries. The field sites included an unfertilized, semi-arid rangeland with low N2O fluxes in eastern Colorado, USA; two fertilizer treatments (urea and nitrate) on a fertilized grass ley cut for silage in Scotland; and two fertilized, cultivated cr ...

6. The Greenland white‐fronted goose Anser albifrons flavirostris in Ireland and Britain 1982/83–1994/95: Population change under conservation legislation

Author:
Anthony D. Fox; David W. Norriss; David A. Stroud; H. John Wilson; Oscar J. Merne
Source:
Wildlife biology 1998 v.4 no.1 pp. 1-12
ISSN:
0909-6396
Subject:
Anser albifrons; adults; agricultural land; census data; extinction; flocks; geese; latitude; laws and regulations; multivariate analysis; nestlings; population growth; spring; surveys; survival rate; wintering grounds; Greenland; Ireland; Scotland
Abstract:
... After protection from hunting on the wintering range in 1982/83, complete surveys of Greenland white‐fronted geese at all known Irish and British wintering resorts have been carried out annually. These showed that this population increased by 5.0% per annum from 16,541 in spring 1983 to 30,459 in spring 1995, characterised by a 6.6% annual increase during 1982/83–1991/92, followed by a less rapid ...
DOI:
10.2981/wlb.1998.010

7. Predicting Water and Chloride Transport in Drained Soils Derived from Glacial Till

Author:
A. J. A. Vinten
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1999 v.28 no.3 pp. 980-987
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
agricultural land; arable soils; autumn; clay; clay loam soils; drainage; glacial till; hydrologic models; leaching; nitrates; prediction; sandy loam soils; solutes; surface water; water pollution; Scotland
Abstract:
... Field-scale predictions of nitrate (NO₃) leaching from farmland are needed to enable zones vulnerable to ground or surface water pollution with NO₃ to be identified. Use of simple water, solute transport, and N dynamics models is one way of making these predictions. In this paper, linked water and solute transport models (WATBAL/TRANSOL) are calibrated for two important arable soil types in Scotla ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1999.00472425002800030031x

8. Assessing nitrogen and phosphorus efficiency at farm and catchment scale using nutrient budgets

Author:
Domburg, P.; Edwards, A.C.; Sinclair, A.H.; Chalmers, N.A.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2000 v.80 no.13 pp. 1946-1952
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
nutrient content; farm inputs; watersheds; phosphorus; application rate; grasslands; farms; nutrient uptake; losses from soil; crop production; agricultural land; cattle; cattle production; nitrogen fertilizers; chickens; grain crops; nitrogen; sheep; phosphorus fertilizers; Scotland
Abstract:
... Farm nutrient budgets related to 1994 were calculated for seven farm types, accounting for approximately 90% of the agricultural land in the River Ythan catchment, NE Scotland. The magnitude of fluxes of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) at the catchment scale in relation to these farm types was also assessed. Positive budgets were calculated for all farm types, with the largest surpluses estimated ...
DOI:
10.1002/1097-0010(200010)80:13<1946::AID-JSFA736>3.0.CO;2-Q

9. Identifying trends in groundwater quality using residence time indicators: an example from the Permian aquifer of Dumfries, Scotland

Author:
Alan M. MacDonald; W. George Darling; Derek F. Ball; Harald Oster
Source:
Hydrogeology journal 2003 v.11 no.4 pp. 504-517
ISSN:
1431-2174
Subject:
Permian period; agricultural land; aquifers; basins; chlorofluorocarbons; groundwater; groundwater flow; hydrogeochemistry; industry; mixing; nitrate nitrogen; nitrates; pH; rain; sandstone; stable isotopes; sulfur hexafluoride; water quality; Scotland
Abstract:
... The Permian sandstone and breccia aquifer of Dumfries has an important role in supplying water to the principal town in southwest Scotland. The area comprises mainly pastoral farmland with some industry and fish farming. Ongoing development of the aquifer has revealed the existence of complex groundwater flow through fractures and increasing nitrate concentrations. To further investigate these iss ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10040-003-0275-3

10. Prediction of plant diversity response to land-use change on Scottish agricultural land

Author:
Wilson, W.L.; Abernethy, V.J.; Murphy, K.J.; Adam, A.; McCracken, D.I.; Downie, I.S.; Foster, G.N.; Furness, R.W.; Waterhouse, A.; Ribera, I.
Source:
Agriculture, ecosystems & environment 2003 v.94 no.3 pp. 249-263
ISSN:
0167-8809
Subject:
Bryopsida; agricultural land; arable soils; environmental factors; grasslands; highlands; information management; land use change; linear models; livestock; multivariate analysis; prediction; species diversity; surveys; sward; vascular plants; weeds; Scotland
Abstract:
... Surveys of 87 sites within nine locations on Scottish agricultural land, during 1995-1997, recorded 335 species of vascular plants and 95 bryophyte species, within 31 recognisable plant communities. Multivariate analysis placed the vegetation into five main vegetation types, with differing plant species richness (S: number of species per 100 m2). These were upland grassland (mean S=37); mesotrophi ...
DOI:
10.1016/S0167-8809(02)00042-7

11. The influence of seed addition and cutting regime on the success of grassland restoration on former arable land

Author:
Lawson Clare S.; Ford Martin A.; Mitchley Jonathan
Source:
Applied vegetation science 2004 v.7 no.2 pp. 259-266
ISSN:
1402-2001
Subject:
grasses; sowing date; Cirsium vulgare; agricultural land; cutting; arable soils; Jacobaea vulgaris; species diversity; weeds; seed mixtures; field experimentation; grasslands; Scotland
Abstract:
... Questions: Can seed addition enhance the success of establishing species-rich grassland on former arable land? Are sowing date and cutting regime important in determining success?Location: Aberdeen and Elgin, northeast Scotland, United Kingdom. Methods: A field experiment was conducted at two sites to assess the effect of seed addition, sowing date and cutting regime on the vegetation developing o ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1654-109X.2004.tb00618.x

12. Assessing the efficiency gains of improved spatial targeting of policy interventions; the example of an agri-environmental scheme

Author:
Horst, D. van der
Source:
Journal of environmental management 2007 v.85 no.4 pp. 1076-1087
ISSN:
0301-4797
Subject:
land use change; agroecosystems; agricultural land; landscapes; honors and awards; cost benefit analysis; environmental policy; woodlands; biodiversity; Scotland
Abstract:
... GIS-based spatial targeting is increasingly recognised as a potentially useful tool to design more efficient policy interventions. The use of this tool has also been advocated in the context of incentive-based agri-environmental schemes, but there has been little work to date to estimate the level of efficiency gains which it may help to achieve. This paper investigates the requirements to arrive ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jenvman.2006.11.034
PubMed:
17350157

13. Mapping hotspots of multiple landscape functions: a case study on farmland afforestation in Scotland

Author:
Gimona, Alessandro; van der Horst, Dan
Source:
Landscape ecology 2007 v.22 no.8 pp. 1255-1264
ISSN:
0921-2973
Subject:
afforestation; agricultural land; biodiversity; case studies; developed countries; farms; landscapes; planting; public policy; recreation; socioeconomics; stakeholders; woodlands; Scotland
Abstract:
... Many conservation and restoration efforts in developed countries are increasingly based on the premise of recognising and stimulating more 'multi-functionality' in agricultural landscapes. Public policy making is often a pragmatic process that involves efforts to negotiate trade-offs between the potentially conflicting demands of various stakeholders. Conservationists' efforts to influence policy ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10980-007-9105-7

14. Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating of coastal aeolian sand accumulation in Sanday, Orkney Islands, Scotland

Author:
A.A. Sommerville; J.D. Hansom; R.A. Housley; D.C.W. Sanderson
Source:
Holocene 2007 v.17 no.5 pp. 627-637
ISSN:
0959-6836
Subject:
agricultural land; dunes; eolian sands; ice; islands; luminescence; sand; soil; volcanic activity; Greenland; Iceland; Scotland
Abstract:
... Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating of sand has been used to identify periods of enhanced aeolian activity at two coastal archaeological sites in Orkney that coincide with periods of Holocene climatic deterioration recorded elsewhere in both Scotland and W Europe. Areas of Tofts Ness, Sanday were settled from the Neolithic, abandoned in the late Neolithic/early Bronze Age, reoccupied an ...
DOI:
10.1177/0959683607078987

15. The freshwater biota of British agricultural landscapes and their sensitivity to pesticides

Author:
Biggs, J.; Williams, P.; Whitfield, M.; Nicolet, P.; Brown, C.; Hollis, J.; Arnold, D.; Pepper, T.
Source:
Agriculture, ecosystems & environment 2007 v.122 no.2 pp. 137-148
ISSN:
0167-8809
Subject:
agricultural land; agroecosystems; ponds; drainage channels; streams; rivers; lakes; species diversity; aquatic invertebrates; macrophytes; geographical variation; water flow; pesticides; spatial variation; acid soils; agrochemicals; England; Scotland; Wales
Abstract:
... This study analysed information from national and regional datasets gathered in Great Britain describing the occurrence of aquatic macroinvertebrates and macrophytes in ponds, ditches, streams, rivers and lakes, across 12 agricultural landscape classes and a 13th class comprising non-agricultural land. The study found major differences in the composition of the invertebrate faunas of running and s ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agee.2006.11.013

16. Impacts of birds of prey on gamebirds in the UK: a review

Author:
PARK, KIRSTY J.; GRAHAM, KATE E.; CALLADINE, JOHN; WERNHAM, CHRIS W.
Source:
Ibis 2008 v.150 no.s1 pp. 9-26
ISSN:
0019-1019
Subject:
Accipiter; Circus; Falco peregrinus; Lagopus lagopus scoticus; Perdix perdix; agricultural land; bags; birds of prey; breeding; ecologists; economic impact; employment; game birds; heathlands; humans; income; managers; mortality; partridges; predation; recreation; wildlife; England; Scotland
Abstract:
... The influence of predators on the distribution, density and dynamics of their prey species has long been of interest to ecologists and wildlife managers. Where the prey population is also utilized by humans, conflicts may arise through competition for a limited resource. Because gamebird shooting in the UK provides employment, recreation and income, the impact of birds of prey on gamebird populati ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1474-919X.2008.00847.x

17. Assessing the value of Rural Stewardship schemes for providing foraging resources and nesting habitat for bumblebee queens (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

Author:
Lye, Gillian; Park, Kirsty; Osborne, Juliet; Holland, John; Goulson, Dave
Source:
Biological conservation 2009 v.142 no.10 pp. 2023-2032
ISSN:
0006-3207
Subject:
queen insects; Bombus; insect nests; pollinating insects; foraging; rural areas; agricultural land; grasslands; edge effects; farms; Scotland
Abstract:
... Bumblebees (Bombus spp.) play a key role within agricultural systems as pollinators of crops and wild flowers. However, this taxon has suffered severe declines as a result of agricultural intensification. Conservation efforts largely focus on providing forage resources for bumblebees through the summer, but providing suitable habitat during the period of nest foundation in early spring could be a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biocon.2009.03.032

18. Long-term impacts of extensive grazing and abandonment on the species composition, richness, diversity and productivity of agricultural grassland

Author:
Marriott, C.A.; Hood, K.; Fisher, J.M.; Pakeman, R.J.
Source:
Agriculture, ecosystems & environment 2009 v.134 no.3-4 pp. 190-200
ISSN:
0167-8809
Subject:
grazing; meteorological parameters; grasslands; ranching; agroecosystems; temporal variation; land use change; soil water content; agricultural land; botanical composition; highlands; livestock; grazing management; biomass; abandoned land; pasture management; plant communities; ecological succession; Scotland
Abstract:
... Extensification of grassland management has been put forward as a method of redressing the biodiversity losses seen in agricultural landscapes as a result of increases in production. However, there is little evidence for its success, particularly in upland areas. Two long-term (16 year) experiments at different sites compared extensive grazing, abandonment and continued intensive grazing, assessin ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agee.2009.07.002

19. Arable plant communities as indicators of farming practice

Author:
Hawes, C.; Squire, G.R.; Hallett, P.D.; Watson, C.A.; Young, M.
Source:
Agriculture, ecosystems & environment 2010 v.138 no.1-2 pp. 17-26
ISSN:
0167-8809
Subject:
integrated agricultural systems; agroecosystems; soil organic carbon; plant communities; agricultural land; nitrogen; botanical composition; growing season; agrochemicals; weeds; soil fertility; natural selection; buried seeds; organic production; sustainable agriculture; Scotland
Abstract:
... The diversity and abundance of the within-field seedbank and emerged weed flora, were measured in over 100 fields from conventional, integrated and organic farms across the arable east of Scotland. Both seedbank and emerged flora showed significant responses to a management intensity gradient from farms with high agrochemical inputs and winter cropping to those with no inorganic inputs, spring cro ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agee.2010.03.010

20. Adaptive management and targeting of agri-environment schemes does benefit biodiversity: a case study of the corn bunting Emberiza calandra

Author:
Perkins, Allan J.; Maggs, Hywel E.; Watson, Adam; Wilson, Jeremy D.
Source:
Journal of applied ecology 2011 v.48 no.3 pp. 514-522
ISSN:
0021-8901
Subject:
Sitophilus; agricultural land; biodiversity; birds; case studies; corn; farmers; farms; food availability; grasslands; issues and policy; monitoring; mowing; population growth; subsidies; Scotland
Abstract:
... 1. Agri-environment schemes (AES) are the main European policy response to biodiversity loss caused by agricultural intensification. Maximizing their effectiveness is a key policy challenge. Monitoring is essential to inform adaptation and improvement of schemes over time, and to understand how measures may need to vary across a species' range. 2. We measured changes in breeding abundance of a sev ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.01958.x