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- Author:
- Smittle, Richard B.
- Source:
- Journal of food protection 1977 v.40 no.6 pp. 415-422
- ISSN:
- 0362-028X
- Subject:
- Food and Drug Administration; Lactobacillus; Staphylococcus; acetic acid; bacteria; food pathogens; health hazards; mayonnaise; microbial growth; public health; salads; spoilage; sugars; yeasts; United States
- Abstract:
- ... Mayonnaise and salad dressing commercially produced in the United States are defined in accordance with the Food and Drug Administration Standard of Identity. The microbiological content of these products is dictated primarily by the high acetic acid concentration found in their aqueous phase. The overall microbiological content of mayonnaise and salad dressing is low with a very low incidence of ...
- DOI:
- 10.4315/0362-028X-40.6.415
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X-40.6.415
- Author:
- Schwartz, P.S.
- Source:
- Food additives & contaminants 1994 v.11 no.2 pp. 261-270
- ISSN:
- 0265-203X
- Subject:
- laws and regulations; food analysis; Food and Drug Administration; food contamination; food packaging; food policy; heat treatment; food additives; United States
- Abstract:
- ... The Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) current research programme on migration from food packaging materials focuses on high-temperature packaging applications. Results from two studies conducted by Arthur D. Little, Inc., under contract to the FDA, are presented as well as highlights of the FDA's research programme on migration from microwave heat susceptor packaging. Some regulatory policy iss ...
- DOI:
- 10.1080/02652039409374224
- PubMed:
- 8039586
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02652039409374224
- Author:
- Mueller, Charles; Nestle, Marion
- Source:
- Nutrition in clinical practice 1995 v.10 no.1 pp. 8-15
- ISSN:
- 0884-5336
- Subject:
- Food and Drug Administration; adults; clinical trials; health foods; infant formulas; issues and policy; medical foods; morbidity; mortality; nutrients; nutrition; patients; processed foods; therapeutics; United States
- Abstract:
- ... Medical foods are enterally administered formulas used as complete or supplemental nutrition support in the treatment of diseases and clinical disorders of hospitalized or incapacitated adult patients. Because clinical trials have failed to demonstrate a consistent benefit of these products on morbidity and mortality rates, it has been difficult to reach consensus on their primary role. Are medica ...
- DOI:
- 10.1177/011542659501000108
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011542659501000108
- Author:
- Bartels, Cathy L.; Miller, Sarah J.
- Source:
- Nutrition in clinical practice 1998 v.13 no.1 pp. 5-19
- ISSN:
- 0884-5336
- Subject:
- Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994; Food and Drug Administration; dietary supplements; drugs; United States
- Abstract:
- ... Herbal and related remedies are becoming increasingly popular in the United States. Although some of these products have been promoted as panaceas with little scientific data to support their use, clinical data are starting to accumulate showing the benefit of specific products. For the herbal products, English translation of the German Commission E monographs greatly increases the availability of ...
- DOI:
- 10.1177/088453369801300102
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/088453369801300102
- Author:
- UCHTMANN, DONALD L.; NELSON, GERALD C.
- Source:
- TheAmerican behavioral scientist 2000 v.44 no.3 pp. 350-377
- ISSN:
- 0002-7642
- Subject:
- Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service; Food and Drug Administration; biotechnology; environmental protection; farmers; genetic engineering; industry; risk; United States
- Abstract:
- ... Genetic engineering has both risks and the potential to provide significant benefits. The Coordinated Framework for Regulation of Biotechnology relies on existing federal laws and agencies to assure that genetically engineered products are safe. The goal is to balance the need for safety with the need to avoid impeding the biotech industry. This article reviews U.S. laws of greatest significance t ...
- DOI:
- 10.1177/00027640021956251
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00027640021956251
- Author:
- Choumenkovich, Silvina F.; Selhub, Jacob; Wilson, Peter W.F.; Rader, Jeanne I.; Rosenberg, Irwin H.; Jacques, Paul F.
- Source:
- Journal of nutrition 2002 v.132 no.9 pp. 2792-2798
- ISSN:
- 0022-3166
- Subject:
- Estimated Average Requirement; Food and Drug Administration; Tolerable Upper Intake Level; cohort studies; confidence interval; folic acid; foods; nutrient intake; progeny; United States
- Abstract:
- ... In 1996, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration issued a regulation requiring that all enriched cereal-grain products be fortified with folic acid by January 1998. An average increase in folic acid intake of 100 μg/d was projected as a result of this fortification. The objective of the present study was to estimate the effect of this fortification on the intake of folic acid and total folate, and o ...
- PubMed:
- 12221247
-
- Author:
- Adams, Catherine E.
- Source:
- Food control 2002 v.13 no.6-7 pp. 355-358
- ISSN:
- 0956-7135
- Subject:
- Codex Alimentarius; Food and Drug Administration; HACCP; USDA; hazard characterization; juices; poultry meat; seafoods; trade; United States
- Abstract:
- ... It may be a reflection of age, but I hope it is a reflection of age and wisdom that we have been invited to present a "retrospection" on hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) as a regulatory tool. HACCP has become a regulatory tool of choice for many countries, advanced through its adoption by the Codex Alimentarius Commission in the early 1990s. HACCP has been defined as a method for ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/S0956-7135(02)00041-5
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0956-7135(02)00041-5
- Author:
- Jenkins, David J.A.; Kendall, Cyril W.C.; Vuksan, Vladimir; Vidgen, Edward; Parker, Tina; Faulkner, Dorothea; Mehling, Christine C.; Garsetti, Marcella; Testolin, Giulio; Cunnane, Stephen C.; Ryan, Mary Ann; Corey, Paul N.
- Source:
- American journal of clinical nutrition 2002 v.75 no.5 pp. 834-839
- ISSN:
- 0002-9165
- Subject:
- health claims; dietary fiber; blood lipids; energy; foods; gastrointestinal system; high fiber diet; Food and Drug Administration; soluble fiber; risk factors; fasting; cholesterol; beta-glucans; palatability; risk reduction; blood; blood pressure; adults; United States
- Abstract:
- ... Background: The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved health claims for 2 dietary fibers, β-glucan (0.75 g/serving) and psyllium (1.78 g/serving), on the assumption that 4 servings/d would reduce cardiovascular disease risk. Objective: We assessed the efficacy of this dose of fibers in reducing serum lipid risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Design: Sixty-eight hyperlipidemic adults ...
- PubMed:
- 11976156
-
- Author:
- Jin, Zeming; MacDonald, Ruth S.
- Source:
- Journal of nutrition 2002 v.132 no.10 pp. 3186-3190
- ISSN:
- 0022-3166
- Subject:
- Food and Drug Administration; Mouse mammary tumor virus; adulthood; breast neoplasms; carcinogenesis; cardioprotective effect; daidzein; foods; gene overexpression; genistein; health claims; hormone replacement therapy; humans; mammary neoplasms (animal); mice; models; oncogenes; perinatal period; plant estrogens; soy protein; women; United States
- Abstract:
- ... Soy protein, with and without isoflavones, is being added to foods by manufacturers in response to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved health claim for cardiovascular protection. Furthermore, soy isoflavones are increasingly consumed by women in the United States as an alternative to hormone replacement therapy. The role of these phytoestrogens in breast cancer is controversial. Althou ...
- PubMed:
- 12368416
-
- Author:
- Konkol, L.M.; Cross, R.F.; Harding, I.H.; Kosior, E.
- Source:
- Food additives and contaminants : Analysis, surveillance, evaluation Control 2003 v.20 no.9 pp. 859-874
- ISSN:
- 1944-0049
- Subject:
- benzophenones; ethylene; dodecanoic acid; polyethylene terephthalates; monitoring; Food and Drug Administration; methylene chloride; methyl salicylate; particle size; limonene; solvents; food additives; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; United States
- Abstract:
- ... The aim was to determine which contaminants were present in washed and dried shredded poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET, flake) obtained from curbside collection and whether the concentrations were above the US FDA threshold of 215 ppb. Thirty-two semivolatile contaminants were extracted from the treated flake by Soxhlet extraction using dichloromethane as a PET swelling solvent and gas chromatogr ...
- DOI:
- 10.1080/0265203031000156088
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0265203031000156088
- Author:
- Jefferson, Angie
- Source:
- Nutrition and food science 2003 v.33 no.1 pp. 16-22
- ISSN:
- 0034-6659
- Subject:
- Food and Drug Administration; antioxidant activity; blood; bone density; cholesterol; diet; health claims; health foods; isoflavones; menopause; plant estrogens; women; United Kingdom; United States
- Abstract:
- ... Interest into the role of dietary phytoestrogens and their potential effects on women’s health has dramatically increased over the past decade. Phytoestrogens, and in particular isoflavone-rich soya foods, are now believed to play a role in alleviating symptoms of the menopause, maintaining bone density, reducing blood cholesterol levels, protecting against cancer development. In addition they exh ...
- DOI:
- 10.1108/00346650310459527
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650310459527
- Author:
- Song, Y.S.; Begley, T.; Paquette, K.; Komolprasert, V.
- Source:
- Food additives and contaminants : Analysis, surveillance, evaluation Control 2003 v.20 no.9 pp. 875-883
- ISSN:
- 1944-0049
- Subject:
- benzophenones; risk; pentachlorophenol; monitoring; Food and Drug Administration; anthracenes; stearic acid; food packaging; food additives; isopropyl alcohol; flame ionization; paper; polypropylenes; recycled paper; solvents; ethanol; paperboard; United States
- Abstract:
- ... The capability of a polypropylene (PP) film barrier to prevent migration of residual contaminants from recycled paperboard into food simulants was studied. Anthracene, benzophenone, methyl stearate and pentachlorophenol were chosen as chemical surrogates to represent classes of contaminants likely to be found in recycled paper/paperboard. Each surrogate was spiked into a test specimen made of seve ...
- DOI:
- 10.1080/02652030310001597592
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02652030310001597592
- Author:
- Bruce, Bonnie; Messina, Mark; Spiller, Gene A.
- Source:
- Journal of medicinal food 2003 v.6 no.4 pp. 309-316
- ISSN:
- 1096-620X
- Subject:
- Food and Drug Administration; animals; blood serum; cholesteremic effect; goiter; health claims; hormone replacement therapy; infants; iodine; isoflavones; postmenopause; soy protein; soybeans; thyroid function; thyrotropin; triiodothyronine; women; United States
- Abstract:
- ... Despite the safety review conducted by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in the process of awarding a health claim for the cholesterol-lowering properties of soy protein, concerns about the possible goitrogenic effects of soybean isoflavones persist. Concerns are based primarily on in vitro research, animal studies, and older reports of goiter in infants fed soy formula not fortified with iodi ...
- DOI:
- 10.1089/109662003772519859
- PubMed:
- 14977438
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/109662003772519859
- Author:
- Ngoh, Maureen A.; Wislocki, Peter G.; Thompson, Kenneth; Katz, Terry; Weingarten, Allan; TerHune, Terry; Hurshman, Bret
- Source:
- Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2003 v.51 no.16 pp. 4701-4707
- ISSN:
- 0021-8561
- Subject:
- Food and Drug Administration; body weight; dairy cows; drugs; guidelines; intravenous injection; lactation; mass spectrometry; milk; veterinary medicine; United States
- Abstract:
- ... The objective of this study was to establish a withdrawal period for flunixin in milk by quantifying 5-hydroxyflunixin, the marker residue, in bovine milk as a function of time, following intravenous treatment of lactating dairy cows with flunixin-N-methyl glucamine (Banamine or Finadyne). Lactating dairy cows were dosed on three consecutive days at 2.2 mg of flunixin free acid/kg of body weight/d ...
- DOI:
- 10.1021/jf026219+
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf026219+
- Author:
- DeWaal, Caroline Smith
- Source:
- Food control 2003 v.14 no.2 pp. 75-79
- ISSN:
- 0956-7135
- Subject:
- foods; public health; Food and Drug Administration; food contamination; HACCP; safety standards; food availability; animal production; food policy; experts; United States
- Abstract:
- ... Food-safety experts believe that contaminated food causes up to 76 million illnesses, 325,000 hospitalizations and 5000 deaths each year in the US alone. These estimates underline the fact that foodborne-illnesses pose a significant public-health burden. CSPI recommends strengthening the safety of the food supply by setting farm and animal production food-safety standards, by improving Hazard Anal ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/S0956-7135(02)00114-7
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0956-7135(02)00114-7
- Author:
- Carbonell-Barrachina, Angel Antonio; Aracil, Pedro; Garcia, Elena; Burlo, Francisco; Martinez-Sanchez, Francisco
- Source:
- Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2003 v.51 no.6 pp. 1749-1752
- ISSN:
- 0021-8561
- Subject:
- Food and Drug Administration; arsenic; atomic absorption spectrometry; glycyrrhizin; high performance liquid chromatography; licorice; pearls; sweets; throat; United States
- Abstract:
- ... Spanish legislation sets a maximum level for total arsenic (As) in confectionery products at 0.1 μg g-1. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration limitations for glycyrrhizic acid in hard and soft candies are 160 and 31 mg g-1, respectively. Arsenic and glycyrrhizic acid were determined in 22 different confectionery products: 9 throat pearls, 4 hard candies, and 9 soft candies. Arsenic and glycyrrhiz ...
- DOI:
- 10.1021/jf026057h
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf026057h
- Author:
- Marquart, Len; Wiemer, Kathryn L.; Jones, Julie M.; Jacob, Brenda
- Source:
- Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 2003 v.62 no.1 pp. 151-160
- ISSN:
- 0029-6651
- Subject:
- Food and Drug Administration; Nutrition Labeling and Education Act of 1990; chronic diseases; color; diet; dietary recommendations; experts; hardness; health claims; health information; heart diseases; industry; modernization; national surveys; prices; public health; purchasing; risk; taste; texture; value added; water content; whole grain foods; United States
- Abstract:
- ... In response to the 1990 Nutrition Labeling and Education Act, the Food and Drug Administration approved seven health claims that addressed the relationship between broad food categories and risk of certain chronic diseases. These claims are based on scientific consensus that includes epidemiological, animal and clinical research. The Food and Drug Administration also established a process to petit ...
- DOI:
- 10.1079/PNS2003242
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/PNS2003242
- Author:
- Frost, G.S.; Brynes, A.E.; Dhillo, W.S.; Bloom, S.R.; McBurney, M.I.
- Source:
- European journal of clinical nutrition 2003 v.57 no.2 pp. 293-298
- ISSN:
- 0954-3007
- Subject:
- Food and Drug Administration; Plantago; absorption; acetaminophen; blood; blood sampling; cholesterol; coronary disease; cross-over studies; diabetes; gastric emptying; glucagon-like peptide 1; glucose; health claims; hunger; insulin; lipid content; long term effects; metabolism; nausea; nutrients; pasta; risk factors; saturated fats; sodium propionate; soluble fiber; sunflower oil; tomato sauce; unsaturated fats; United States
- Abstract:
- ... Objective: To assess whether the addition of viscous fiber at an amount recommended by the US FDA to allow a 'low saturated fat, cholesterol, soluble fiber and coronary heart disease', health claim label on a food package (1.7 g psyllium) and/or fat (30 g sunflower oil and 3 g sodium propionate) to a pasta meal would affect gastric emptying, postprandial glucose, insulin and GLP-1 concentrations. ...
- DOI:
- 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601520
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601520