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You searched for: Subject term X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Remove constraint Subject term: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Subject term cations Remove constraint Subject term: cations
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1. Characterization of soil particles by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM)

Author:
Flogeac, K.; Guillon, E.; Aplincourt, M.; Marceau, E.; Stievano, L; Beaunier, P.; Frapart, Y.M.
Source:
Agronomy for sustainable development 2005 v.25 no.3 pp. 345-353
ISSN:
1774-0746
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; soil pollution; organic matter; sorption; electron microscopy; cations; pollutants; soil structure; electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy; soil texture; soil pH; metals; polluted soils; France

2. Effect of Pt/TiO2 characteristics on temporal behavior of o-cresol decomposition by visible light-induced photocatalysis

Author:
Chen, H.W.; Ku, Y.; Kuo, Y.L.
Source:
Water research 2007 v.41 no.10 pp. 2069-2078
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
platinum; surface area; cations; o-cresol; scanning electron microscopy; spectral analysis; mass spectrometry; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; reaction kinetics; absorbance; waste treatment; oxidation; irradiation; photolysis; titanium dioxide; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; quartz; gas chromatography; light
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2007.02.021
PubMed:
17418366

3. Pd nanoparticles immobilized on sepiolite by ionic liquids: efficient catalysts for hydrogenation of alkenes and Heck reactions

Author:
Ranting Tao; Shiding Miao; Zhimin Liu; Yun Xie; Buxing Han; Guimin An; Kunlun Ding
Source:
Green chemistry 2009 v.11 no.1 pp. 96-101
ISSN:
1463-9270
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; catalysts; cations; cyclohexenes; green chemistry; guanidines; hydrogen; hydrogenation; ionic liquids; nanoparticles; oxides; palladium; particle size; sepiolite; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... Palladium-sepiolite catalysts were prepared by immobilizing Pd²⁺ on sepiolite using an ionic liquid containing a guanidine cation, followed by reduction with hydrogen at 150 °C. The resulting composites were characterized by different techniques. X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis showed that the loaded Pd existed mainly in the form of Pd⁰, with a small amount of its oxides, and distributed ...
DOI:
10.1039/b811587g

4. Synthesis and characterization of Ag@polycarbazole nanoparticles and their novel optical behavior

Author:
Ahmad Zahoor; Teng Qiu; Jiangru Zhang; Xiaoyu Li
Source:
Journal of materials science 2009 v.44 no.22 pp. 6054-6059
ISSN:
0022-2461
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; cations; nanocomposites; nanoparticles; nanosilver; photoluminescence; polymerization; polymers; polyols; scanning electron microscopes; scanning electron microscopy; silver; surface plasmon resonance; transmission electron microscopes; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... Ag@polycarbazole as a new 3D nanocomposite material was successfully fabricated using microwave polyol reduction method followed by cations assisted oxidative polymerization of carbazole. The material was characterized by transmission electron microscopes (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), FT-IR, and Raman measurements. The results confirmed that Ag nanoparticles are entirely enclosed by 3 ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10853-009-3831-y

5. An unusual common ion effect promotes dissolution of metal salts in room-temperature ionic liquids: a strategy to obtain ionic liquids having organic–inorganic mixed cations

Author:
C. Chiappe; M. Malvaldi; B. Melai; S. Fantini; U. Bardi; S. Caporali
Source:
Green chemistry 2010 v.12 no.1 pp. 77-80
ISSN:
1463-9270
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; ambient temperature; anions; cations; electrochemistry; electrospray ionization mass spectrometry; green chemistry; ionic liquids; metal ions; nitrates
Abstract:
... A simple strategy has been reported to prepare new ionic liquids with binary systems of organic–inorganic cations exploiting the common ion effect, i.e. dissolving metal salts with organic or inorganic anions (bistriflylimide or nitrate) in ionic liquids bearing the same anions. The resulting concentrated solutions of metal cations in ionic environments, which may have great potential for electroc ...
DOI:
10.1039/b919111a

6. Biogenic N-P-codoped TiO₂: Synthesis, characterization and photocatalytic properties

Author:
Han, Ting; Fan, Tongxiang; Chow, Suk-Kwun; Zhang, Di
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.17 pp. 6829-6835
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; absorption; anions; cations; crops; crystals; irradiation; lamps; metals; nitrogen; oxides; phosphorus; red light; seeds
Abstract:
... Four typical kinds of crop seeds are studied as non-metallic bio-precursors to synthesize biogenic N-P-codoped TiO₂ (BNP-TiO₂). The as-prepared BNP-TiO₂ samples are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), nitrogen-adsorption measurement and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The results show that BNP-TiO₂ possesses single anatase phase with mesopore structures, and nitr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.03.107

7. Highly efficient removal of heavy metals by polymer-supported nanosized hydrated Fe(III) oxides: Behavior and XPS study

Author:
Pan, Bingjun; Qiu, Hui; Pan, Bingcai; Nie, Guangze; Xiao, Lili; Lv, Lu; Zhang, Weiming; Zhang, Quanxing; Zheng, Shourong
Source:
Water research 2010 v.44 no.3 pp. 815-824
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
water pollution; chemical concentration; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; copper; sorption; heavy metals; lead; iron oxyhydroxides; wastewater treatment; cations; cadmium; cation exchange resins; calcium; hydrochloric acid; sodium chloride; drinking water; nanoparticles
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2009.10.027
PubMed:
19906397

8. Separation and Determination of Monovalent and Divalent Cations by the Facile Propylsulfonic Acid Functionalized Silica Stationary Phase

Author:
Qiu, Hongdeng; Sun, Min; Niu, Jingang; Liu, Xia; Jiang, Shengxiang
Source:
Chromatographia 2010 v.71 no.5-6 pp. 355-359
ISSN:
0009-5893
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; calcium; cation exchange; cations; chromatography; magnesium; oxidation; silica; sodium; tap water
Abstract:
... A facile strong cation-exchange stationary phase based on propylsulfonic acid functionalized silica was prepared through the oxidation in situ of 3-mercaptopropyl silica and characterized by elemental analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The phase was used to separate monovalent and divalent inorganic cations with strong acid as mobile phase. Simultaneous separation of alkali metals and ...
DOI:
10.1365/s10337-009-1442-z

9. Aptamer conjugated Mo₆S₉₋ₓIₓ nanowires for direct and highly sensitive electrochemical sensing of thrombin

Author:
Martin McMullan; Nijuan Sun; Pagona Papakonstantinou; Meixian Li; Wuzong Zhou; Dragan Mihailovic
Source:
Biosensors & bioelectronics 2011 v.26 no.5 pp. 1853-1859
ISSN:
0956-5663
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; ammonia; biosensors; blood coagulation; cations; detection limit; electrochemistry; electrodes; gold; monitoring; nanowires; oligonucleotides; pathogens; thrombin; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... We demonstrate the use of a novel electrochemical sensing platform based on aptamer conjugated Mo₆S₉₋ₓIₓ nanowires (MoSI NWs) for the highly sensitive detection of the blood clotting enzyme thrombin. MoSI NWs nanowires were self-assembled on a gold electrode to which thrombin binding aptamers were covalently attached. The modification and immobilization steps of the electrodes were characterised b ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bios.2010.01.030

10. Characterization of a compound bioflocculant produced by mixed culture of Rhizobium radiobacter F2 and Bacillus sphaeicus F6

Author:
Lili Wang; Fang Ma; Yuanyuan Qu; Dezhi Sun; Ang Li; Jingbo Guo; Bing Yu
Source:
World journal of microbiology & biotechnology 2011 v.27 no.11 pp. 2559-2565
ISSN:
0959-3993
Subject:
Rhizobium; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; cations; chromatography; flocculation; galactose; glucose; mannose; mixed culture; molecular weight; pH; rhamnose; thermal stability; viscosity
Abstract:
... A compound bioflocculant CBF-F26, produced by mixed culture of Rhizobium radiobacter F2 and Bacillus sphaeicus F6, was investigated with regard to its physicochemical and flocculating properties. It was identified as a polysaccharide bioflocculant composed of rhamnose, mannose, glucose, and galactose, respectively, in a 1.3: 2.1: 10.0: 1.0 molar ratio. The average molecular weight was determined a ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11274-011-0726-2

11. Electrospun chitosan-graft-poly (ɛ-caprolactone)/poly (ɛ-caprolactone) cationic nanofibrous mats as potential scaffolds for skin tissue engineering

Author:
Honglin Chen; Jin Huang; Jiahui Yu; Shiyuan Liu; Ping Gu
Source:
International journal of biological macromolecules 2011 v.48 no.1 pp. 13-19
ISSN:
0141-8130
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; catalysts; cations; cell adhesion; cell culture; chitosan; fibroblasts; lactones; mice; nanofibers; polymerization; scanning electron microscopy; skin (animal); solvents; tissue engineering; tissue scaffolds; toluidine blue; zeta potential
Abstract:
... This research is aimed to develop cationic nanofibrous mats with improved cellular adhesion profiles and stability of three-dimensional fibrous structure as potential scaffolds for skin tissue engineering. Firstly, amino-remained chitosan-graft-poly (ɛ-caprolactone) (CS-g-PCL) was synthesized with a facile one-step manner by grafting ɛ-caprolactone oligomers onto the hydroxyl groups of CS via ring ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2010.09.019

12. Enhanced Cu(II) and Cr(VI) biosorption capacity on poly(ethylenimine) grafted aerobic granular sludge

Author:
Xue-Fei Sun; Chuanyong Liu; Yue Ma; Shu-Guang Wang; Bao-Yu Gao; Xiao-Ming Li
Source:
Colloids and surfaces 2011 v.82 no.2 pp. 456-462
ISSN:
0927-7765
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adsorption; amides; anions; aqueous solutions; biomass; biosorption; cations; chemical concentration; chemical interactions; chromium; copper; granules; metal ions; models; pH; polymers; sludge; water
Abstract:
... The biosorption characteristics of cations and anions from aqueous solution using polyethylenimine (PEI) modified aerobic granules were investigated. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis exhibit the presence of PEI on the granule surface. Compared with the raw granule, the modified aerobic granules with PEI showed a significant increase in sorption ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.colsurfb.2010.10.002
PubMed:
21041069

13. Fabrication and hemocompatibility of cell outer membrane mimetic surfaces on chitosan by layer by layer assembly with polyanion bearing phosphorylcholine groups

Author:
Ming Gong; Yan-Bing Wang; Ming Li; Bi-Huang Hu; Yong-Kuan Gong
Source:
Colloids and surfaces 2011 v.85 no.1 pp. 48-55
ISSN:
0927-7765
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adhesion; adsorption; anions; atomic force microscopy; blood platelets; cations; cell adhesion; chitosan; coatings; colloids; composite polymers; contact angle; drugs; electrostatic interactions; polymerization; tissue engineering
Abstract:
... Three random copolymers poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine-co-methacrylic acid) (PMAs) were synthesized by free radical polymerization of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) and methacrylic acid (MA) with different monomer ratios under monomer-starved conditions. The synthesized PMA polyanions were assembled on chitosan (CS) film surfaces via electrostatic interactions. Using ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.colsurfb.2010.10.049

14. Membrane surface with antibacterial property by grafting polycation

Author:
Yun-Feng Yang; Han-Qiong Hu; Yang Li; Ling-Shu Wan; Zhi-Kang Xu
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.376 no.1-2 pp. 132-141
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aureus; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; antibacterial properties; artificial membranes; bacteria; biofouling; cations; contact angle; crosslinking; fluorescein; mechanism of action; methyl iodide; polymerization; polypropylenes; sodium; water treatment
Abstract:
... Biofouling is a major problem for membrane processes in biotechnologies for water treatment. One of the anti-biofouling strategies is to construct an antibacterial membrane surface. In this work, microporous polypropylene membrane (MPPM) was endowed with antibacterial property by grafting polycation and the action mechanism was studied from the viewpoint of the mobility of polycation chains. Poly( ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2011.04.012

15. Preparation of a Cu–Ru/carbon nanotube catalyst for hydrogenolysis of glycerol to 1,2-propanediol via hydrogen spillover

Author:
Zhijie Wu; Yuzhen Mao; Xiaoxiao Wang; Minghui Zhang
Source:
Green chemistry 2011 v.13 no.5 pp. 1311-1316
ISSN:
1463-9270
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; carbon monoxide; carbon nanotubes; catalysts; cations; copper; copper nanoparticles; glycerol; green chemistry; hydrogen; ruthenium; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... A Cu–Ru nanoparticle catalyst supported on carbon nanotubes was prepared by a chemical replacement reaction between Cu metal nanoparticles and Ru³⁺ cations. The as-prepared catalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, H₂ and CO chemisorption, and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that the highly dispersed Ru clusters were present on the exte ...
DOI:
10.1039/c0gc00809e

16. Removal of arsenic from aqueous solution by two types of nano TiO2 crystals

Author:
L. Ma; S. X. Tu
Source:
Environmental chemistry letters 2011 v.9 no.4 pp. 465-472
ISSN:
1610-3653
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adsorption; anions; arsenic; calcium; cations; crystals; magnesium; nitrates; pH; remediation; shade; sorption isotherms; titanium dioxide; water pollution
Abstract:
... Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a promising sorbent for As removal. There are two main and physico-chemically distinct polymorphs of TiO2 in nature, namely anatase and rutile. Since the difference of arsenic removal by the two polymorphs of TiO2 is now well known, study on the arsenic removal efficiency and the underlying mechanism is of great significance in developing new remediation strategies for A ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10311-010-0303-1

17. Role of polycation adsorption in poly-Si, SiO₂ and Si₃N₄ removal during chemical mechanical polishing: Effect of polishing pad surface chemistry

Author:
Naresh K. Penta; John B. Matovu; P.R. Dandu Veera; Sitaraman Krishnan; S.V. Babu
Source:
Colloids and surfaces 2011 v.388 no.1-3 pp. 21-28
ISSN:
0927-7757
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adsorption; ammonium chloride; cations; colloids; color; dispersions; polymers; silica; zeta potential
Abstract:
... The dramatic differences in the effects of two different polishing pads (IC1000 and Politex) on the removal rates (RRs) of poly-Si, SiO₂, and Si₃N₄ films during chemical mechanical polishing using aqueous abrasive-free solutions of a cationic polymer, poly(diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride) (PDADMAC), are described. For example, with a 250ppm of aqueous PDADMAC solution, poly-Si RR is <1nm/min wit ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.colsurfa.2011.07.039

18. Selective photocatalytic degradation of aquatic pollutants by titania encapsulated into FAU-type zeolites

Author:
Guan Zhang; Wonyong Choi; Seok Han Kim; Suk Bong Hong
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2011 v.188 no.1-3 pp. 198-205
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; hybrids; photocatalysis; ion exchange; crystals; titanium dioxide; cations; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy; energy-dispersive X-ray analysis; pollutants; zeolites; reflectance; electrostatic interactions; transmission electron microscopy; nanoparticles; photocatalysts
Abstract:
... The selective photocatalytic degradation of charged pollutants in water was achieved on titania encapsulated into FAU-type zeolites. The electrostatic attraction of cationic substrates and repulsion of anionic substrates by the negatively charged zeolite framework facilitated the selective photocatalytic degradation of charged substrates. The hybrid zeolite–titania photocatalysts were prepared thr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.01.105

19. Spectroscopic investigations of the fouling process on Nafion membranes in vanadium redox flow batteries

Author:
M. Vijayakumar; M.S. Bhuvaneswari; P. Nachimuthu; Birgit Schwenzer; Soowhan Kim; Zhenguo Yang; Jun Liu; Gordon L. Graff; S. Thevuthasan; Jianzhi Hu
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2011 v.366 no.1-2 pp. 325-334
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; artificial membranes; batteries; cations; chemical bonding; energy; fluorine; fouling; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; oxygen; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy; vanadium; working conditions
Abstract:
... The Nafion membrane is a critical component in redox flow batteries, which are widely investigated for grid-scale energy storage. However, there is very limited understanding of the fundamental properties of the membrane materials in the working environment relevant to redox flow batteries. This paper presents results of the analysis of the Nafion-117 membrane used in a vanadium redox flow battery ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2010.10.018

20. The importance of interfacial design for the sensitivity of a label-free electrochemical immuno-biosensor for small organic molecules

Author:
Sook Mei Khor; Guozhen Liu; Callie Fairman; Sridhar G. Iyengar; J. Justin Gooding
Source:
Biosensors & bioelectronics 2011 v.26 no.5 pp. 2038-2044
ISSN:
0956-5663
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; antibodies; biosensors; biotin; cations; electrochemistry; epitopes; ethylene glycol; glassy carbon electrode; nanowires; proteins
Abstract:
... An immuno-biosensing interface comprising a mixed layer of an oligo(ethylene glycol) (OEG) component, and an oligo(phenylethynylene) molecular wire (MW) is described. The OEG controls the interaction of proteins and electroactive interferences with the surface and the MW allows electrochemical communication to the underlying glassy carbon electrode. The layers are formed from in situ generated-ary ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bios.2010.08.082

21. The reduction of Ag⁺ in metallic silver on pseudomelanin films allows for antibacterial activity but does not imply unpaired electrons

Author:
Vincent Ball; Isabelle Nguyen; Michael Haupt; Christian Oehr; Claire Arnoult; Valérie Toniazzo; David Ruch
Source:
Journal of colloid and interface science 2011 v.364 no.2 pp. 359-365
ISSN:
0021-9797
Subject:
Escherichia coli; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; antibacterial properties; bacteria; catechol; cations; dopamine; electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy; electrons; free radicals; melanin; nanoparticles; nanosilver; oxidants; oxidation; oxygen; silver
Abstract:
... Dopamine–melanin films produced through the oxidation of dopamine in the presence of oxygen as an oxidant allow to reduce silver ions onto silver particles as already described in the paper by Lee et al. (H. Lee, S.M. Dellatore, W.M. Miller, P.B. Messersmith, Science 318 (2007) 426.). This reduction process has to occur through the oxidation of moieties present in the melanin film. This investigat ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcis.2011.08.038

22. A Tale of Two Metals: New Cerium Iron Borocarbide Intermetallics Grown from Rare-Earth/Transition Metal Eutectic Fluxes

Author:
Tucker Patricia C.; Nyffeler Jason; Chen Banghao; Ozarowski Andrew; Stillwell Ryan; Latturner Susan E.
Source:
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2012 v.134 no.29 pp. 12138-12148
ISSN:
1520-5126
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; aluminum; ambient temperature; boron; carbon; cations; cerium; cobalt; iron; nickel
Abstract:
... R₃₃Fe₁₄–ₓAlₓ₊yB₂₅–yC₃₄ (R = La or Ce; x ≤ 0.9; y ≤ 0.2) and R₃₃Fe₁₃–ₓAlₓB₁₈C₃₄ (R = Ce or Pr; x < 0.1) were synthesized from reactions of iron with boron, carbon, and aluminum in R–T eutectic fluxes (T = Fe, Co, or Ni). These phases crystallize in the cubic space group Im3̅m (a = 14.617(1) Å, Z = 2, R₁ = 0.0155 for Ce₃₃Fe₁₃.₁Al₁.₁B₂₄.₈C₃₄, and a = 14.246(8) Å, Z = 2, R₁ = 0.0142 for Ce₃₃Fe₁₃B₁₈C₃₄ ...
DOI:
10.1021/ja303370j

23. Application of XPS method in the research into Ni ion-modified montmorillonite as a SO₂ sorbent

Author:
D. Olszewska
Source:
Fuel processing technology 2012 v.95 no. pp. 90-95
ISSN:
0378-3820
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adsorption; argon (noble gases); bentonite; cations; coal; combustion; emissions; montmorillonite; nickel; nitrates; sulfur dioxide
Abstract:
... A series of montmorillonites with adsorbed nickel ions was prepared through adsorption of nitrates from water solutions; there were four methods adopted. The surface of the sample under modification was investigated with the method of argon adsorption and XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy). SO₂ was investigated on nickel-modified montmorillonites. Nickel cations were adsorbed on the montmorill ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fuproc.2011.11.023

24. Charge and Pressure-Tuned Surface Patterning of Surfactant-Encapsulated Polyoxometalate Complexes at the Air–Water Interface

Author:
Xu Miao; Li Haolong; Zhang Liying; Wang Yizhan; Yuan Yuan; Zhang Jianming; Wu Lixin
Source:
Langmuir 2012 v.28 no.41 pp. 14624-14632
ISSN:
1520-5827
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; atomic force microscopy; cationic surfactants; cations; energy
Abstract:
... In this paper, four organic–inorganic hybrid complexes were prepared using a cationic surfactant dimethyldioctadecylammonium (DODA) to replace the counter cations of four Keggin-type polyoxometalate (POM) clusters with gradually increased negative charges, PW₁₂O₄₀³–, SiW₁₂O₄₀⁴–, BW₁₂O₄₀⁵–, and CoW₁₂O₄₀⁶–. The formed surfactant-encapsulated POM (SEP) complexes showed typical amphiphilic properties ...
DOI:
10.1021/la302888s

25. Evidence of high rate visible light photochemical decolourisation of Rhodamine B with BiFeO₃ nanoparticles associated with BiFeO₃ photocorrosion

Author:
Chang Hengky; Xavier Moya; Neil D. Mathur; Steve Dunn
Source:
RSC advances 2012 v.2 no.31 pp. 11843-11849
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; absorption; cations; decolorization; dyes; iron; irradiation; light; lighting; nanoparticles; pH; photochemistry; rhodamines; semiconductors; titanium dioxide
Abstract:
... BiFeO₃ nanopowders with a size distribution around 20 nm and optical absorption onset at 2.1 eV have been synthesized using self-combustion. These particles were used to photodecolourise Rhodamine B (RhB) dye under a solar simulator with AM1.5 irradiation. XRD analysis after illumination showed no change while XPS analysis on the particles showed significant changes to the chemical state of the Fe ...
DOI:
10.1039/c2ra22211f

26. Fe3O4 Nanoparticles and Carboxymethyl Cellulose: A Green Option for the Removal of Atmospheric Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and o-Xylene (BTEX)

Author:
Eltouny Nermin A.; Ariya Parisa A.
Source:
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2012 v.51 no.39 pp. 12787-12795
ISSN:
1520-5045
Subject:
BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene); X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adsorbents; adsorption; aerosols; air; benzene; carboxymethylcellulose; cations; engineering; ethylbenzene; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; ionization; iron oxides; models; nanoparticles; remediation; toluene; transmission electron microscopy; xylene
Abstract:
... In this work, we investigate the interaction of gaseous benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and o-xylene (BTEX) with Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles and demonstrate the potential application of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles as adsorbents for BTEX. On the basis of X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, and gas chromatography–flame ionization detection results, using toluen ...
DOI:
10.1021/ie3019092

27. Hybrid layer-by-layer films based on lanthanide-bridged silicotungstates and poly(ethylenimine)

Author:
Diana M. Fernandes; Diana Julião; Clara Pereira; Duarte Ananias; Salete S. Balula; Cristina Freire
Source:
Colloids and surfaces 2012 v.415 no. pp. 302-309
ISSN:
0927-7757
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; colloids; quartz; cations; glass; tungsten; anions; photoluminescence; glassy carbon electrode
Abstract:
... Hybrid multilayer films composed of poly(ethylenimine) and sandwich-type silicotungstates, K₁₃[Ln(SiW₁₁O₃₉)₂] (Ln(SiW₁₁)₂), Ln³⁺=Eu, Tb, Dy, were prepared on glassy carbon electrodes, quartz and glass slides using the electrostatic LbL self-assembly method. The film build up, monitored by electronic spectroscopy, showed a regular stepwise growth indicating a strong interaction between layers. The ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.colsurfa.2012.09.053

28. Imaging of a Tribolayer Formed from Ionic Liquids by Laser Desorption/Ionization-Reflectron Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

Author:
Gabler Christoph; Pittenauer Ernst; Dörr Nicole; Allmaier Günter
Source:
Analytical chemistry 2012 v.84 no.24 pp. 10708-10714
ISSN:
1520-6882
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; anions; cations; desorption; image analysis; ionic liquids; ionization; lubricants; mass spectrometry; monitoring; oxidation
Abstract:
... For the first time, imaging using laser desorption/ionization (LDI) reflectron time-of-flight (RTOF) mass spectrometry (MS) was demonstrated to be a powerful tool for an offline monitoring of tribometrical experiments directly from disc specimen applying selected ammonium-, phosphonium-, and sulfonium-based ionic liquids (IL) with bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide as counterion for lubrication. Th ...
DOI:
10.1021/ac302503a

29. Immobilization of Co–Al Layered Double Hydroxides on Graphene Oxide Nanosheets: Growth Mechanism and Supercapacitor Studies

Author:
Huang Shu; Zhu Guan-Nan; Zhang Chao; Tjiu Weng Weei; Xia Yong-Yao; Liu Tianxi
Source:
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2012 v.4 no.4 pp. 2242-2249
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
Raman spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; cations; crystallization; electrochemistry; graphene; graphene oxide; hybridization; hydroxides; nanosheets; scanning electron microscopy; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are generally expressed as [M²⁺₁–ₓM³⁺ₓ (OH)₂] [Aⁿ–ₓ/ₙ·mH₂O], where M²⁺ and M³⁺ are divalent and trivalent metal cations respectively, and A is n-valent interlayer guest anion. Co–Al layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with different sizes have been grown on graphene oxide (GO) via in situ hydrothermal crystallization. In the synthesis procedure, the GO is partially re ...
DOI:
10.1021/am300247x

30. Incorporation of Silver Nanoparticles into the Bulk of the Electrospun Ultrafine Polyimide Nanofibers via a Direct Ion Exchange Self-Metallization Process

Author:
Han Enlin; Wu Dezhen; Qi Shengli; Tian Guofeng; Niu Hongqing; Shang Gongping; Yan Xiaona; Yang Xiaoping
Source:
ACS applied materials 2012 v.4 no.5 pp. 2583-2590
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; ammonia; aqueous solutions; atomic absorption spectrometry; cations; heat treatment; ion exchange; nanofibers; nanosilver; scanning electron microscopy; silver; thermogravimetry; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... This paper reports our works on the preparation of the silver-nanoparticle-incorporated ultrafine polyimide (PI) ultrafine fibers via a direct ion exchange self-metallization technique using silver ammonia complex cation ([Ag(NH₃)₂]⁺) as the silver precursor and pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA)/4,4′-oxidianiline (4,4′-ODA) polyimide as the matrix. The polyimide precursor, poly(amic acid) (PAA), was ...
DOI:
10.1021/am300248c

31. Mn and Fe Modified Fly Ash As a Superior Catalyst for Elemental Mercury Capture under Air Conditions

Author:
Xing Lili; Xu Yalin; Zhong Qin
Source:
Energy & Fuels 2012 v.26 no.8 pp. 4903-4909
ISSN:
1520-5029
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; catalysts; cations; fly ash; iron; manganese; mercury; oxygen; superoxide anion; surface area; thermogravimetry
Abstract:
... The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of fly ash (FA) and Mn and Fe modified FA on elemental mercury capture under air at 120 °C. X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area, scanning electron micrographs (SEMs), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were employed to characteriz ...
DOI:
10.1021/ef3005256

32. New tetradecyltrimethylammonium-selective electrodes: Surface composition and topography as correlated with electrode's life span

Author:
Hayat M. Marafie; Tahani F. Al-Shammari; Adel F. Shoukry
Source:
Talanta 2012 v.91 no. pp. 26-32
ISSN:
0039-9140
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; cations; electrodes; electron microscopy; pH; polystyrenes; surfactants; temperature
Abstract:
... Two conventional plastic membrane electrodes that are selective for the tetradecyltrimethylammonium cation (TTA) have been prepared. The ion exchangers of these sensors were the ion associate, TTA-PT, and the ion aggregate, TTA-PSS, where PT and PSS are phosphotungstate and polystyrene sulfonate, respectively. The following performance characteristics of the TTA-PT- and TTA-PSS-containing electrod ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.talanta.2011.12.035

33. Photoreactive Azido-Containing Silica Nanoparticle/Polycation Multilayers: Durable Superhydrophobic Coating on Cotton Fabrics

Author:
Zhao Yan; Xu Zhiguang; Wang Xungai; Lin Tong
Source:
Langmuir 2012 v.28 no.15 pp. 6328-6335
ISSN:
1520-5827
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; acids; cations; chemical bases; coatings; cotton fabric; crosslinking; dimerization; hydrophobicity; nanoparticles; photochemical reactions; silica; solvents; ultraviolet radiation
Abstract:
... In this study, we report the functionalization of silica nanoparticles with highly photoreactive phenyl azido groups and their utility as a negatively charged building block for layer-by-layer (LbL) electrostatic assembly to produce a stable silica nanoparticle coating. Azido-terminated silica nanoparticles were prepared by the functionalization of bare silica nanoparticles with 3-aminopropyltrime ...
DOI:
10.1021/la300281q

34. Platelet Compatibility Improvement by Proper Choice of Acidic Terminal Functionality for Mixed-Charge Self-Assembled Monolayers

Author:
Shen Ching-Hsiung; Lin Jui-Che
Source:
Langmuir 2012 v.28 no.1 pp. 640-647
ISSN:
1520-5827
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; acidity; anions; cations; chemical elements; ethanol; hydrophilicity; quaternary ammonium compounds; solvents; sulfonates; thiols
Abstract:
... In this study two different series of mixed-charge self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) prepared with −N⁺(CH₃)₃-terminated alkanethiol and strong dissociated monovalent −SO₃H acid-terminated or weaker dissociated divalent −PO₃H₂ acid-terminated alkanethiol in pure ethanol were characterized. The influence of the acidity of the anionic functionality in the mixed-charge SAMs on the surface characteristi ...
DOI:
10.1021/la203469b

35. Polybenzimidazolium hydroxides – Structure, stability and degradation

Author:
Dirk Henkensmeier; Hyeong-Rae Cho; Hyoung-Juhn Kim; Carolina Nunes Kirchner; Janine Leppin; Alexander Dyck; Jong Hyun Jang; EunAe Cho; Suk-Woo Nam; Tae-Hoon Lim
Source:
Polymer degradation and stability 2012 v.97 no.3 pp. 264-272
ISSN:
0141-3910
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; anion exchange; cations; chemical structure; fuel cells; hydrolysis; hydroxides; iodides; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; pH
Abstract:
... Polybenzimidazolium hydroxides are of potential interest for the use in alkaline anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AAEMFC). Introduction of an ether group in para-position of the 2-phenyl substituent improves the mesomeric stabilization of imidazolium cations, and O-PBI seems to be more stable than meta-PBI under alkaline conditions. NMR, IR and XPS analysis show a structural change when the iod ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2011.12.024

36. Polyelectrolyte multilayer films made from polyallylamine and short polyphosphates: Influence of the surface treatment, ionic strength and nature of the electrolyte solution

Author:
Kadir Apaydin; Abdelghani Laachachi; Jérôme Bour; Valérie Toniazzo; David Ruch; Vincent Ball
Source:
Colloids and surfaces 2012 v.415 no. pp. 274-280
ISSN:
0927-7757
Subject:
refractive index; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; coatings; colloids; models; cations; polyphosphates; salt concentration; sodium; ionic strength; adsorption
Abstract:
... The present article focuses on the influence of the salt concentration as well as on the influence of the nature of the salt on the deposition of (PAH-PSP)ₙ films in the case where PSP is made from only 24 monomer units on average. The two main messages of this article are that: (i) for salt concentrations lower than about 0.2M, the film thickness increases linearly with the number of adsorption c ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.colsurfa.2012.09.036

37. Properties of faujasite zeolites containing methyl-substituted ammonium cations

Author:
Karina Arruda Almeida; Richard Landers; Dilson Cardoso
Source:
Journal of catalysis 2012 v.294 no. pp. 151-160
ISSN:
0021-9517
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; catalysts; cation exchange; cations; zeolites; anions; aluminum; catalytic activity
Abstract:
... This paper describes the properties of new X zeolite catalysts, whose anions are compensated by different methylammonium cations. The properties of these catalysts, with varying degrees of exchange, are compared with those of Y zeolites containing the same cations. For steric reasons, cation exchange was restricted to the faujasite supercavity, and the degree of ion exchange decreased with the rad ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcat.2012.07.017

38. Spectroelectrochemical Investigation of an Electrogenerated Graphitic Oxide Solid–Electrolyte Interphase

Author:
Walker E. Kate; Vanden Bout David A.; Stevenson Keith J.
Source:
Analytical chemistry 2012 v.84 no.19 pp. 8190-8197
ISSN:
1520-6882
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; lithium; monitoring; electrodes; cations; electrochemistry; carbon; potassium; potassium chloride; oxygen; sodium; mass spectrometry; oxides; interphase
Abstract:
... This study investigates electrogenerated graphitic oxides (EGO) on the surface of carbon optically transparent electrodes (C-OTEs) using a combined UV–vis spectroelectrochemical approach. By monitoring the π–π* aromatic carbon transition for reduced GO (270 nm) and GO (230 nm), we observe the growth of GO in KCl upon applying oxidizing potentials. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and time-of ...
DOI:
10.1021/ac3014252

39. Stabilized cycling performance of silicon oxide anode in ionic liquid electrolyte for rechargeable lithium batteries

Author:
Jin-Woo Song; Cao Cuong Nguyen; Seung-Wan Song
Source:
RSC advances 2012 v.2 no.5 pp. 2003-2009
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; ambient temperature; anodes; cations; ionic liquids; lithium batteries; silica; spectral analysis
Abstract:
... Control of electrode–electrolyte interfacial stability and the composition of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer is a promising approach for improved cycling performance of silicon-based anode material for rechargeable lithium batteries. Here we demonstrate that a room temperature ionic liquid electrolyte effectively passivates the surface of the SiO₁.₃ electrode and significantly enhanc ...
DOI:
10.1039/c2ra01183b

40. Surface Analysis of Ionic Liquids with and without Lithium Salt Using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

Author:
Kurisaki Tsutomu; Tanaka Daisaku; Inoue Yoshiki; Wakita Hisanobu; Minofar Babak; Fukuda Shuhei; Ishiguro Shin-ichi; Umebayashi Yasuhiro
Source:
Journal of physical chemistry 2012 v.116 no.35 pp. 10870-10875
ISSN:
1520-5207
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; ambient temperature; cations; energy; ionic liquids; isomers; lithium; models
Abstract:
... X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was applied to a neat ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide [EMI⁺][Tf₂N–] and its lithium salt solution at room temperature to clarify the composition and structure of its near-surface region. Core level peaks were recorded for Li 1s, N 1s, C 1s, F 1s, O 1s, S 2s, and S 2p. Valence band XPS spectra (0–40 eV binding energy ...
DOI:
10.1021/jp301658k

41. Ultrathin Antifouling Coatings with Stable Surface Zwitterionic Functionality by Initiated Chemical Vapor Deposition (iCVD)

Author:
Yang Rong; Gleason Karen K.
Source:
Langmuir 2012 v.28 no.33 pp. 12266-12274
ISSN:
1520-5827
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; absorption; air; antifouling agents; bovine serum albumin; calcium; cations; coatings; contact angle; fouling; humic acids; nanofibers; quartz crystal microbalance; reverse osmosis; sodium alginate; storage time; vapors; zwitterions
Abstract:
... Antifouling thin films of poly[N,N-dimethyl-N-methacryloxyethyl-N-(3-sulfopropyl)-co-2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate] (PDDE) were synthesized via a substrate-independent and all-dry-initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) technique followed by a diffusion-limited vapor-phase reaction with 1,3-propane sultone. Coated surfaces exhibited very low absorption of ...
DOI:
10.1021/la302059s

42. Vanadium oxide intercalated with polyelectrolytes: Novel layered hybrids with anion exchange properties

Author:
Fernando J. Quites; Chiara Bisio; Rita de Cássia G. Vinhas; Richard Landers; Leonardo Marchese; Heloise O. Pastore
Source:
Journal of colloid and interface science 2012 v.368 no.1 pp. 462-469
ISSN:
0021-9797
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; fluorescence; cations; vanadium; anion exchange; powders; hot water treatment
Abstract:
... Novel anion exchange hybrid materials were developed by the insertion of poly(diallymethylammonium chloride) (PDDACl) and poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAHCl) polyelectrolytes into V₂O₅ interlayer spaces using hydrothermal treatment and were used to host an anionic cyanine dye. A systematic study of the hybrid material synthesis by direct in situ reaction of PDDACl and PAHCl polycations with V₂O ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcis.2011.11.013

43. Visible-Light-Induced Photocatalyst Based on Cobalt-Doped Zinc Ferrite Nanocrystals

Author:
Fan Guoli; Tong Ji; Li Feng
Source:
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2012 v.51 no.42 pp. 13639-13647
ISSN:
1520-5045
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; cations; cobalt; engineering; ferrimagnetic materials; iron; irradiation; magnetic properties; methylene blue; nanocrystals; optical properties; oxidation; photocatalysis; photocatalysts; photolysis; pollutants; reflectance spectroscopy; scanning electron microscopy; transmission electron microscopy; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy; zinc
Abstract:
... The present work reported the synthesis of visible-light-induced cobalt-doped zinc ferrite (Zn₁₋ₓCoₓFe₂O₄) photocatalysts via a facile reduction–oxidation route, which involved rapid reduction of Fe³⁺ and Co²⁺ cations in colloid mill reactor, followed by oxidation of iron and cobalt nuclei and structural transformation under hydrothermal conditions. The structural and optical properties of materia ...
DOI:
10.1021/ie201933g

44. Water-soluble gold nanoparticles stabilized with cationic phosphonium thiolate ligands

Author:
Yon Ju-Nam; Yu-Su Chen; Jesus J. Ojeda; David W. Allen; Neil A. Cross; Philip H. E. Gardiner; Neil Bricklebank
Source:
RSC advances 2012 v.2 no.27 pp. 10345-10351
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; cations; diagnostic techniques; ligands; lipophilicity; mitochondria; nanogold; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; particle size; particle size distribution; salts; sulfonates; therapeutics; transmission electron microscopy; water solubility; zwitterions
Abstract:
... Attachment of cationic groups to the surface of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) is an attractive proposition for facilitating mitochondria-targeted therapeutics and diagnostics. With this in mind we have prepared and characterised AuNPs functionalised with phosphonium groups derived from either triarylphosphoniopropylthiosulfate zwitterions or ω-thioacetylpropyl(triphenyl)phosphonium salts; organophosp ...
DOI:
10.1039/c2ra21421k

45. “Silver Effect” in Gold(I) Catalysis: An Overlooked Important Factor

Author:
Wang Dawei; Cai Rong; Sharma Sripadh; Jirak James; Thummanapelli Sravan K.; Akhmedov Novruz G.; Zhang Hui; Liu Xingbo; Petersen Jeffrey L.; Shi Xiaodong
Source:
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2012 v.134 no.21 pp. 9012-9019
ISSN:
1520-5126
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; catalysts; catalytic activity; cations; gold; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; phosphorus; silver; stable isotopes
Abstract:
... Clear experimental evidence from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and ³¹P NMR spectroscopy has been obtained for the first time to confirm that the combination of Ag⁺ cation with [L-Au]⁺ results in the formation of different complexes in solution. Re-evaluation of literature-reported gold-catalyzed reactions revealed a significant difference in the reactivities with and without silver. In extreme ...
DOI:
10.1021/ja303862z

46. Alteration of the structure and function of photosystem I by Pb2+

Author:
Ahmed Belatik; Surat Hotchandani; Heidar-Ali Tajmir-Riahi; Robert Carpentier
Source:
Journal of photochemistry and photobiology 2013 v.123 pp. 41-47
ISSN:
1011-1344
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Spinacia oleracea; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; cations; electron transfer; fluorescence; lead; nitrogen; oxygen; photobiology; photooxidation; photosystem I; plastocyanin; protein conformation; spinach; toxicity
Abstract:
... The toxic effects of Pb2+ on photosynthetic electron transport were studied in photosystem I (PSI) submembrane fractions isolated from spinach. Structural and spectroscopic analysis using FTIR, fluorescence and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed that Pb2+ binds with proteins via oxygen and nitrogen atoms with an overall binding constant of KPb-PSI=4.9×103 (±0.2) M−1 and the number of bo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2013.03.010

47. Apple PeelsA Versatile Biomass for Water Purification?

Author:
Mallampati Ramakrishna; Valiyaveettil Suresh
Source:
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2013 v.5 no.10 pp. 4443-4449
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adsorbents; adsorption; anions; apple peels; aqueous solutions; arsenates; arsenites; biodegradability; biomass; cations; desorption; drinking water; electrostatic interactions; energy-dispersive X-ray analysis; equations; pH; phosphates; pollutants; scanning electron microscopy; sorption isotherms; toxicity; water purification; zirconium
Abstract:
... The presence of anions such as chromate, arsenate, and arsenite in drinking water is a major health concern in many parts of the world due to their high toxicity. Removal of such anions from water using low cost biomass is an efficient and affordable treatment process. Owing to the easy availability and biodegradability, we chose to use apple peel as a substrate for our investigations. Zirconium c ...
DOI:
10.1021/am400901e

48. Cadmium (Cd²⁺) removal by nano zerovalent iron: surface analysis, effects of solution chemistry and surface complexation modeling

Author:
Hardiljeet K. Boparai; Meera Joseph; Denis M. O’Carroll
Source:
Environmental science and pollution research international 2013 v.20 no.9 pp. 6210-6221
ISSN:
0944-1344
Subject:
X-radiation; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adsorption; cadmium; capacitance; cations; ionic strength; iron; models; pH; pollutants; water pollution
Abstract:
... Nano zerovalent iron (nZVI) is an effective remediant for removing various organic and inorganic pollutants from contaminated water sources. Batch experiments were conducted to characterize the nZVI surface and to investigate the effects of various solution properties such as pH, initial cadmium concentration, sorbent dosage, ionic strength, and competitive ions on cadmium removal by nZVI. Energy- ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11356-013-1651-8

49. Design of highly efficient Mo and W-promoted SnO₂ solid acids for heterogeneous catalysis: acetalization of bio-glycerol

Author:
Baithy Mallesham; Putla Sudarsanam; Gangadhara Raju; Benjaram M. Reddy
Source:
Green chemistry 2013 v.15 no.2 pp. 478-489
ISSN:
1463-9270
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Raman spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; acetone; acids; ambient temperature; catalysts; catalytic activity; cations; crystallites; furfural; glycerol; green chemistry; molybdenum; nanocrystals; oxygen; porosity; pyridines; solid solutions; surface area; tin dioxide; tungsten oxide; value-added products
Abstract:
... Development of highly promising solid acids is one of the key technologies to meet the essential challenges of economical and environmental concerns. Thus, novel molybdenum and tungsten promoted SnO₂ solid acids (wet-impregnation) and pure SnO₂ (fusion method) were prepared. The synthesized catalysts were systematically analyzed using various techniques, namely, XRD, BET surface area, pore size di ...
DOI:
10.1039/c2gc36152c

50. Effective visible light-active boron and europium co-doped BiVO4 synthesized by sol–gel method for photodegradion of methyl orange

Author:
Min Wang; Yinsheng Che; Chao Niu; Mingyan Dang; Duo Dong
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2013 v.262 pp. 447-455
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; electrons; absorbance; cations; boron; europium; light intensity; scanning electron microscopy; synergism; methyl orange; crystallites; irradiation; photocatalysts; oxygen; sol-gel processing
Abstract:
... Eu–B co-doped BiVO4 visible-light-driven photocatalysts have been synthesized using the sol–gel method. The resulting materials were characterized by a series of joint techniques, including XPS, XRD, SEM, BET, and UV–vis DRS analyses. Compared with BiVO4 and B-BiVO4 photocatalysts, the Eu–B-BiVO4 photocatalysts exhibited much higher photocatalytic activity for methyl orange (MO) degradation under ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.08.063

51. Fabrication and tribological properties of polyelectrolyte multilayers containing in situ gold and silver nanoparticles

Author:
Yan-Bao Guo; De-Guo Wang; Shu-Hai Liu; Si-Wei Zhang
Source:
Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 2013 v.417 pp. 1-9
ISSN:
0927-7757
Subject:
gold; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; colloids; atomic force microscopy; cations; nanosilver; silver; scanning electron microscopy; friction; transmission electron microscopy; nanoparticles; transmission electron microscopes; scanning electron microscopes; X-radiation
Abstract:
... Gold and silver nanoparticles in polyelectrolyte multilayers film can be prepared by alternate immersion of a substrate in poly(diallyldimethylammonium) chloride (PDDA)–AuCl4− complexes solution and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA)–Ag+ complexes solution followed by reduction of the metal cations (Au3+, Ag+) through immersion of NaBH4 solution. UV–vis spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray pho ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.colsurfa.2012.08.044

52. Fluctuation of surface composition and chemical states at the hetero-interface in composites comprised of a phase with perovskite structure and a phase related to the Ruddlesden–Popper family of compounds

Author:
Elena Yu. Konysheva; Michail V. Kuznetsov
Source:
RSC advances 2013 v.3 no.33 pp. 14114-14122
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; cations; cobalt; crystallites; oxygen; praseodymium; stoichiometry; strontium; strontium carbonate
Abstract:
... Surfaces and interfaces in composite solids can possess particular compositions and properties, thereby governing the functions of materials. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) has been used for the first time to explore the cation rearrangement between the surface and bulk material of the crystallites in the two-phase composites formed in the La–Sr–Pr–Co–O system. The two-phase composites con ...
DOI:
10.1039/c3ra41355a

53. Interactive Effect for Simultaneous Removal of SO2, NO, and CO2 in Flue Gas on Ion Exchanged Zeolites

Author:
Deng Hua; Yi Honghong; Tang Xiaolong; Liu Haiyan; Zhou Xuan
Source:
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2013 v.52 no.20 pp. 6778-6784
ISSN:
1520-5045
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adsorbents; adsorption; calcium; carbon dioxide; cations; cobalt; engineering; flue gas; ion exchange; manganese; monitoring; nitric oxide; nitrogen; potassium; sulfates; sulfur dioxide; texture; thermodynamics; zeolites
Abstract:
... A purification system for simultaneous removal of SO₂, NO, and CO₂ in flue gas was considered in this study. For improving the purification performance of candidate adsorbent NaX zeolite, ion exchange experiments were conducted with cation K⁺, Ca²⁺, Mn²⁺, and Co²⁺, respectively. The texture properties of series zeolites were examined by N₂ porosimetry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelect ...
DOI:
10.1021/ie303319f

54. Nature of the active sites in Ni/MgAl₂O₄-based catalysts designed for steam reforming of ethanol

Author:
Gábor P. Szijjártó; Zoltán Pászti; István Sajó; András Erdőhelyi; György Radnóczi; András Tompos
Source:
Journal of catalysis 2013 v.305 no. pp. 290-306
ISSN:
0021-9517
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; acetaldehyde; activation energy; active sites; adsorption; catalysts; catalytic activity; cations; cobalt; ethanol; magnesium; nickel; oxygen; reflectance; steam; synergism; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... Noble metal-free MgAl₂O₄-supported multicomponent catalysts containing Ni, Co, and Ce have been prepared by means of homogeneous precipitation. Origin of the synergistic effects in steam reforming of ethanol between different components in the catalyst has been investigated by means of kinetic tests, in situ Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform (DRIFT) spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XR ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcat.2013.05.036

55. One-Step Hydrothermal Synthesis of Manganese-Containing MFI-Type Zeolite, Mn–ZSM-5, Characterization, and Catalytic Oxidation of Hydrocarbons

Author:
Meng Yongtao; Genuino Homer C.; Kuo Chung-Hao; Huang Hui; Chen Sheng-Yu; Zhang Lichun; Rossi Angelo; Suib Steven L.
Source:
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2013 v.135 no.23 pp. 8594-8605
ISSN:
1520-5126
Subject:
Raman spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; absorption; benzaldehyde; benzyl alcohol; carbon dioxide; catalytic activity; cations; color; data collection; energy-dispersive X-ray analysis; gases; manganese; manganese oxides; models; optical properties; oxidation; oxygen production; pH; reflectance spectroscopy; salts; scanning electron microscopy; temperature; toluene; transmission electron microscopy; zeolites
Abstract:
... Manganese-containing MFI-type Mn–ZSM-5 zeolite was synthesized by a facile one-step hydrothermal method using tetrapropylammonium hydroxide (TPAOH) and manganese(III)-acetylacetonate as organic template and manganese salts, respectively. A highly crystalline MFI zeolite structure was formed under pH = 11 in 2 days, without the need for additional alkali metal cations. Direct evidence of the incorp ...
DOI:
10.1021/ja4013936

56. Poly(vinylpyrrolidone)/KF electrolyte membranes for facilitated CO₂ transport

Author:
Je Hyun Oh; Yong Soo Kang; Sang Wook Kang
Source:
Chemical communications 2013 v.49 no.86 pp. 10181-10183
ISSN:
1364-548X
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; carbon dioxide; cations; chemical bonding; chemical communication; chemical reactions; nitrogen; polymers; potassium; potassium fluoride
Abstract:
... In this study, we show for the first time that potassium fluoride (KF) can be utilized as a carrier for facilitated CO₂ transport. A polymer electrolyte membrane was prepared by incorporating KF through coordinate covalent bonding with the amide groups of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP). The resulting PVP/KF electrolyte membrane showed enhanced CO₂ separation performance compared with neat PVP. The s ...
DOI:
10.1039/c3cc46253f

57. Recovery of manganese oxides from spent alkaline and zinc–carbon batteries. An application as catalysts for VOCs elimination

Author:
María V. Gallegos; Lorena R. Falco; Miguel A. Peluso; Jorge E. Sambeth; Horacio J. Thomas
Source:
Waste management 2013 v.33 pp. 1483-1490
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; bacteria; batteries; bioreactors; carbon dioxide; catalysts; catalytic activity; cations; chemical precipitation; electrolysis; ethanol; heptane; leaching; manganese; manganese oxides; oxidation; potassium permanganate; raw materials; sulfur; volatile organic compounds; waste management
Abstract:
... Manganese, in the form of oxide, was recovered from spent alkaline and zinc–carbon batteries employing a biohydrometallurgy process, using a pilot plant consisting in: an air-lift bioreactor (containing an acid-reducing medium produced by an Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans bacteria immobilized on elemental sulfur); a leaching reactor (were battery powder is mixed with the acid-reducing medium) and a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2013.03.006

58. Structural characterization and catalytic evaluation of transition and rare earth metal doped ceria-based solid solutions for elemental mercury oxidation

Author:
Deshetti Jampaiah; Katie M. Tur; Samuel J. Ippolito; Ylias M. Sabri; James Tardio; Suresh K. Bhargava; Benjaram M. Reddy
Source:
RSC advances 2013 v.3 no.31 pp. 12963-12974
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Raman spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; catalysts; catalytic activity; cations; ceric oxide; cerium; coprecipitation; flue gas; iron; manganese; mercury; nanocrystals; oxidation; oxygen; reflectance spectroscopy; solid solutions; surface area; temperature; transmission electron microscopy; zirconium
Abstract:
... The catalytic behavior of various CeO₂-based solid solutions, namely, Ce₁₋ₓTMₓO₂₋δ (TM = Mn, Fe, or Zr) and Ce₁₋ₓREₓO₂₋δ (RE = Pr, La, or Sm) was studied for the removal of elemental mercury (Hg⁰) from coal-derived flue gas by catalytic oxidation (Hg⁰ → Hg²⁺). The investigated catalysts were synthesized by a coprecipitation method and characterized by various techniques, namely, X-ray diffraction ...
DOI:
10.1039/c3ra41441h

59. Surface water nanofiltration incorporating (electro) coagulation–microfiltration pretreatment: Fouling control and membrane characterization

Author:
Mutiara Ayu Sari; Shankararaman Chellam
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2013 v.437 no. pp. 249-256
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; alum; artificial membranes; cations; coagulation; contact angle; fouling; hydrophilicity; infrared spectroscopy; lakes; microfiltration; nanofiltration; organic matter; polysaccharides; proteins; surface roughness; surface water; water treatment
Abstract:
... Bench-scale experiments were performed to evaluate the capability of four different advanced pretreatment processes to reduce fouling of a commercially available thin-film composite nanofiltration (NF) membrane during surface water treatment. Specifically, microfiltration (MF) alone, chemical (alum) coagulation–MF, electrocoagulation–MF, and electroflotation–MF were compared in terms of their abil ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2013.02.050

60. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of ZnTi–layered double hydroxide nanosheets

Author:
Yufei Zhao; Chengle J. Wang; Wa Gao; Bei Li; Qiang Wang; Lirong Zheng; Min Wei; David G. Evans; Xue Duan; Dermot O'Hare
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry B 2013 v.1 no.43 pp. 5988-5994
ISSN:
2050-7518
Subject:
Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aureus; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; antimicrobial properties; blood platelets; cations; cell death; cytotoxicity; electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy; emulsions; light; nanoparticles; nanosheets; titanium; titanium dioxide; tungsten oxide
Abstract:
... Narrow size dispersion ZnTi–layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanosheets with lateral dimensions in the range 40–80 nm have been synthesised using a reverse microemulsion method. Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements reveal that Ti³⁺ sites are generated within these nanosized LDH platelets. The data show that the concentration of Ti³⁺ cations in the nan ...
DOI:
10.1039/c3tb21059f

61. Synthesis of Poly(vinyl chloride)-g-Poly(ionic liquid) and Its Application to Tuning Surface for Copper Nanoparticles

Author:
Oh Je Hyun; Chi Won Seok; Lee Jung Hyun; Kim Jong Hak; Kang Sang Wook
Source:
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2013 v.52 no.28 pp. 9607-9611
ISSN:
1520-5045
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; additives; cations; copper; copper nanoparticles; dissociation; energy; engineering; image analysis; ionic liquids; nanocomposites; poly(vinyl chloride); polymerization; spectral analysis; transmission electron microscopy; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy
Abstract:
... We successfully synthesized PVC-g-P([Ebim][Tf₂N]) by utilizing atom-transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) for the preparation of polymer/Cu nanocomposite. When Cu flakes were stirred in PVC-g-P([Ebim][Tf₂N]) without any additives, Cu nanoparticles were stably generated to form the polymer/Cu nanocomposite. The dissociation of nanoparticles from the flakes is attributable to the strong interaction ...
DOI:
10.1021/ie400787w

62. The preparation of cation-functionalized multi-wall carbon nanotube/sulfonated polyurethane composites

Author:
Renlong Gao; Sean M. Ramirez; David L. Inglefield; Robert J. Bodnar; Timothy E. Long
Source:
Carbon 2013 v.54 no. pp. 133-142
ISSN:
0008-6223
Subject:
Raman spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; atomic force microscopy; carbon; carbon nanotubes; cations; dispersibility; electrical properties; mixing; polyurethanes; scanning electron microscopy; thermogravimetry; transmission electron microscopy; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy
Abstract:
... Covalent functionalization of multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with minimal alteration to the MWCNT surface is important to achieve homogenously dispersed carbon nanotubes while maintaining their unique mechanical and electrical properties. Carboxylic acid derivatized MWCNTs (MWCNT-COOH) were covalently functionalized with 3,3′-iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine) (DMPA). Upon subsequent quaterni ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbon.2012.11.010

63. Toward tunable amphiphilic copolymers via CuAAC click chemistry of oligocaprolactones onto starch backbone

Author:
Ancuta Uliniuc; Marcel Popa; Eric Drockenmuller; Fernande Boisson; Didier Leonard; Thierry Hamaide
Source:
Carbohydrate polymers 2013 v.96 no.1 pp. 259-269
ISSN:
0144-8617
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; aqueous solutions; carbon; cations; composite polymers; copper; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; solubility; solvents; stable isotopes; starch; transmission electron microscopy; triazoles
Abstract:
... Starch-based tunable amphiphilic copolymers are easily obtained by grafting polycaprolactone chains via 1,3 dipolar Copper-Catalyzed Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition (click chemistry CuAAC), starting from propargylated starch and azido oligocaprolactones with different chain lengths as the precursors. The copolymers are characterized by 1H and 13C NMR, from which a degree of substitution of starch can t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.03.047

64. “Hydrothermal wrapping” with poly(4-vinylpyridine) introduces functionality: pH-sensitive core–shell carbon nanomaterials

Author:
Katherine Lawrence; Geoffrey W. Nelson; John S. Foord; Mónica Felipe-Sotelo; Nick D. M. Evans; John M. Mitchels; Tony D. James; Fengjie Xia; Frank Marken
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2013 v.1 no.14 pp. 4559-4564
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; anions; capacitance; carbon nanoparticles; cations; electrodes; ethanol; indigo carmine; methylene blue; moieties; nanocomposites; pH; zeta potential
Abstract:
... Negatively charged carbon nanoparticles (surface-phenylsulfonated) are “wrapped” in a poly(4-vinylpyridine) cationomer and hydrothermally converted into a pH-responsive core–shell nano-composite. With a “thin shell” this nano-material (ca. 20–40 nm diameter) is water-insoluble but readily dispersed into ethanol and deposited onto electrodes. Zeta-potential measurements suggest a point of zero char ...
DOI:
10.1039/c3ta10198c

65. A Novel Keggin Tungstocobaltate Framework Supported by Copperbipyridyl Complexes: [Cu(I)(2,2' -bipy)2]{[Cu(II)(2,2' -bipy)2]2[HCoW12O40]} · 4H2O

Author:
Jingquan Sha; Li Xin; Baibin Zhou; Decheng Yu; Youle Qu; Shuxian Li; Fenghua Liu
Source:
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 2014 v.65 no.12 pp. 1445-1450
ISSN:
1865-7117
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; cations; coordination compounds; crystal structure; electrochemistry
Abstract:
... A new organic-inorganic hybrid compound based on Keggin tungstocobaltate units supported by copper complexes, [Cu(I)(2,2’-bipy)₂]{[Cu(II)(2,2’-bipy)₂]₂[HCoW₁₂O₄₀]} ・ 4H₂O (bipy = bipyridine), has been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by elemental, IR, TG, and XPS analyses and X-ray single-crystal structure determination. The crystal structure is built up from bi-supporte ...
DOI:
10.1515/znb-2010-1206

66. Change in Organic Molecule Adhesion on α-Alumina (Sapphire) with Change in NaCl and CaCl2 Solution Salinity

Author:
Juhl K. M. S.; Bovet N.; Hassenkam T.; Dideriksen K.; Pedersen C. S.; Jensen C. M.; Okhrimenko D. V.; Stipp S. L. S.
Source:
Langmuir 2014 v.30 no.29 pp. 8741-8750
ISSN:
1520-5827
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adhesion; adsorption; aluminum oxide; atomic force microscopy; bones; calcium; calcium chloride; cations; clay minerals; contact angle; drinking water; hydrogen bonding; models; moieties; nanomaterials; oils; pH; polluted soils; protons; pyridines; remediation; salinity; sodium; sodium chloride; surface tension; teeth; wafers; water treatment
Abstract:
... We investigated the adhesion of two functional groups to α-alumina as a model for the adsorption of organic molecules on clay minerals. Interactions between organic compounds and clay minerals play an important role in processes such as drinking water treatment, remediation of contaminated soil, oil recovery, and fabricating complicated nanomaterials, and there have been claims that organic compou ...
DOI:
10.1021/la500791m

67. Chemical Analysis and Molecular Models for Calcium–Oxygen–Carbon Interactions in Black Carbon Found in Fertile Amazonian Anthrosoils

Author:
Archanjo Braulio S.; Araujo Joyce R.; Silva Alexander M.; Capaz Rodrigo B.; Falcão Newton P. S.; Jorio Ado; Achete Carlos A.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.13 pp. 7445-7452
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; calcium; carbon; cations; chemical analysis; energy-dispersive X-ray analysis; graphene oxide; humid tropics; molecular models; nanoparticles; oxygen; soil fertility; terra preta; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... Carbon particles containing mineral matter promote soil fertility, helping it to overcome the rather unfavorable climate conditions of the humid tropics. Intriguing examples are the Amazonian Dark Earths, anthropogenic soils also known as “Terra Preta de Índio’’ (TPI), in which chemical recalcitrance and stable carbon with millenary mean residence times have been observed. Recently, the presence ...
DOI:
10.1021/es501046b

68. Copper removal using bio-inspired polydopamine coated natural zeolites

Author:
Yang Yu; Joseph G. Shapter; Rachel Popelka-Filcoff; John W. Bennett; Amanda V. Ellis
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2014 v.273 pp. 174-182
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adsorbents; adsorption; aqueous solutions; atomic absorption spectrometry; cations; copper; models; neutron activation analysis; pH; powders; sorption isotherms; thermogravimetry; zeolites
Abstract:
... Herein, for the first time, natural clinoptilolite-rich zeolite powders modified with a bio-inspired adhesive, polydopamine (PDA), have been systematically studied as an adsorbent for copper cations (Cu(II)) from aqueous solution. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed successful grafting of PDA onto the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.03.048

69. Dechlorination of Reformate via Chemical Adsorption Reactions by Ce–Y Zeolite

Author:
Ge Xianglin; Shi Li; Wang Xin
Source:
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2014 v.53 no.15 pp. 6351-6357
ISSN:
1520-5045
Subject:
Bronsted acids; Lewis acids; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adsorbents; adsorption; adverse effects; ammonia; cations; cerium; chlorides; dechlorination; desorption; engineering; pyridines; temperature; thermogravimetry; zeolites
Abstract:
... In this research, dechlorination of reformate by the catalytic reforming process was investigated over ion-exchanged Y zeolites. Effects of cations, calcination, and reaction temperature on the removal of chloride compounds have been evaluated by performing dynamic tests. The adsorbents were characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, NH₃ temperatur ...
DOI:
10.1021/ie500314a

70. Degradation mechanisms of lithium-rich nickel manganese cobalt oxide cathode thin films

Author:
Loïc Baggetto; Debasish Mohanty; Roberta A. Meisner; Craig A. Bridges; Claus Daniel; David L. Wood III; Nancy J. Dudney; Gabriel M. Veith
Source:
RSC advances 2014 v.4 no.45 pp. 23364-23371
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; cathodes; cations; cobalt; cobalt oxide; electrochemistry; films (materials); lithium batteries; manganese; nickel; oxygen
Abstract:
... This paper reports a method to prepare Li-rich NMC (Li₁.₂Mn₀.₅₅Ni₀.₁₅Co₀.₁O₂) thin film cathodes for Li-ion batteries using RF magnetron sputtering and post-annealing in O₂. Thin film cathodes with high reversible capacities (260 mA h g⁻¹) and potential profiles similar to those of the powder material have been obtained. Structural and electrochemical studies show that the grown materials consist ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ra03674c

71. Depassivation of Aged Fe0 by Divalent Cations: Correlation between Contaminant Degradation and Surface Complexation Constants

Author:
Liu Tongxu; Li Xiaomin; Waite T. David
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.24 pp. 14564-14571
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; barium; calcium; cations; coatings; cobalt; copper; dechlorination; electrons; ferric oxide; iron; lead; magnesium; magnetite; manganese; nickel; pH; strontium; thermodynamics; trichloroethylene; zinc
Abstract:
... The dechlorination of trichloroethylene (TCE) by aged Fe⁰ in the presence of a series of divalent cations was investigated with the result that while no significant degradation of TCE was observed in Milli-Q water or in solutions of Ba²⁺, Sr²⁺, or Ca²⁺, very effective TCE removal was observed in solutions containing Mg²⁺, Mn²⁺, Co²⁺, Fe²⁺, Ni²⁺, Zn²⁺, Cu²⁺, or Pb²⁺. The rate constants of TCE remov ...
DOI:
10.1021/es503777a

72. Economical Way to Synthesize SSZ-13 with Abundant Ion-Exchanged Cu+ for an Extraordinary Performance in Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) of NOx by Ammonia

Author:
Chen Biaohua; Xu Ruinian; Zhang Runduo; Liu Ning
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.23 pp. 13909-13916
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; ammonia; catalysts; cations; chlorides; choline; cupric oxide; ion exchange; nitrates; nitrogen; nitrogen oxides; sulfur dioxide; topology; zeolites
Abstract:
... In this study, an economical way for SSZ-13 preparation with the essentially cheap choline chloride as template has been attempted. The as-synthesized SSZ-13 zeolite after ion exchange by copper nitrate solution exhibited a superior SCR performance (over 95% NOₓ conversion across a broad range from 150 to 400 °C) to the traditional zeolite-based catalysts of Cu-Beta and Cu-ZSM-5. Furthermore, the ...
DOI:
10.1021/es503707c

73. Effect of composition and microstructure on electrical properties and CO₂ stability of donor-doped, proton conducting BaCe₁₋₍ₓ₊y₎ZrₓNbyO₃

Author:
Colin M. Gore; Joseph O. White; Eric D. Wachsman; Venkataraman Thangadurai
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2014 v.2 no.7 pp. 2363-2373
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; activation energy; air; barium; carbon dioxide; cations; dielectric spectroscopy; electrical conductivity; energy-dispersive X-ray analysis; hydrogen; microstructure; nitrogen; porosity; protons; scanning electron microscopy; stoichiometry; temperature; zirconium
Abstract:
... Acceptor-doped BaCeO₃ perovskites have frequently been studied as high temperature proton conductors (HTPCs) where conduction occurs due to hydroxyl protons that occupy the oxide ion vacancies in the perovskite-type structure. Recently, donor-doped perovskites of the nominal composition BaCe₀.₇Zr₀.₂Nb₀.₁O₃ have demonstrated mixed proton–electron conduction in humidified H₂ and N₂. The proton condu ...
DOI:
10.1039/c3ta12668d

74. Eggshell Membrane-Supported Recyclable Catalytic Noble Metal Nanoparticles for Organic Reactions

Author:
Mallampati Ramakrishna; Valiyaveettil Suresh
Source:
ACS sustainable chemistry 2014 v.2 no.4 pp. 855-859
ISSN:
2168-0485
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; catalysts; catalytic activity; cations; egg shell; gold; models; nanoparticles; nanosilver; p-nitrophenol; scanning electron microscopy; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy
Abstract:
... Heterogeneous catalysts are used in many industrial processes. Here, we report a simple method for a template-assisted synthesis of nanoparticle catalysts and for testing their catalytic efficiency toward two model organic reactions. Eggshell membrane (ESM) reduced metal cations to metal atoms, stabilized the nanoparticles, and was used as a supporting material for the nanoparticles. The gold and ...
DOI:
10.1021/sc4004899

75. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Study on Polymerization of l-Lysine on Electrode Surface and Its Application for Immobilization and Detection of Suspension Cells

Author:
Huang Baozhen; Jia Ningming; Chen Lina; Tan Liang; Yao Shouzhuo
Source:
Analytical chemistry 2014 v.86 no.14 pp. 6940-6947
ISSN:
1520-6882
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adverse effects; cations; detection limit; dielectric spectroscopy; electrochemistry; electrolysis; electrostatic interactions; free radicals; glassy carbon electrode; lysine; oxidation; oxygen; polymerization; polymers; solvents
Abstract:
... Poly-l-lysine (PLL), which has been employed as a conductive polymer in the construction of some electrochemical sensors, can be prepared using l-lysine by cyclic voltammetry (CV) with a wide potential range. However, the presented explanation and description about its polymerization mechanism seems oversimplified because the self-reaction of electrode and the electrolysis of solvent at high poten ...
DOI:
10.1021/ac500753f

76. Enhanced CO2 carrier activity of potassium cation with fluorosilicate anions for facilitated transport membranes

Author:
Il Seok Chae; Miso Kim; Yong Soo Kang; Sang Wook Kang
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2014 v.466 pp. 357-360
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; anions; artificial membranes; carbon dioxide; cations; energy; fluorides; glass; heat treatment; methane; nitrogen; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; polymers; potassium; thermogravimetry; water solubility
Abstract:
... In this study, we report the enhanced carrier activity of potassium cation (K⁺) not only with fluoride but also fluorosilicate anions, prepared by the simple heat-treatment of polymer electrolyte solution in glass vial. The formation of water-soluble fluorosilicate anions such as SiF5(H2O)– was investigated by ¹⁹F NMR spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The XPS data revealed the inc ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2014.05.010

77. Enhanced photocatalytic activity of nanocrystalline N-doped ZnSb₂O₆: role of N doping, cation ordering, particle size and crystallinity

Author:
Nagarajan Arunkumar; Rajagopalan Vijayaraghavan
Source:
RSC advances 2014 v.4 no.110 pp. 65223-65231
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; cations; combustion; crystal structure; energy-dispersive X-ray analysis; free radicals; hydroxyl radicals; nanocrystals; oxidants; particle size; photocatalysis; photoluminescence; reflectance spectroscopy; rhodamines; scanning electron microscopy; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... Trirutile antimonate N-doped nanocrystalline ZnSb₂O₆ has been synthesised by a facile solution combustion method for the first time. The as synthesized products obtained with different oxidant to fuel ratios (O/F) are crystalline single phasic N-doped ZnSb₂O₆ as confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). The products have been characterized well by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Disp ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ra12612b

78. Evidence of A–B site cooperation in the EuFeO3 perovskite from 151Eu and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, EXAFS, and toluene catalytic oxidation

Author:
Mihaela Florea; Mihai Alifanti; Victor Kuncser; Dan Macovei; Nicoleta Apostol; Pascal Granger; Vasile I. Parvulescu
Source:
Journal of catalysis 2014 v.316 pp. 130-140
ISSN:
0021-9517
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; carbon dioxide production; case studies; catalysts; cations; chemical bonding; citrates; heat treatment; iron; oxidation; oxygen; temperature; toluene
Abstract:
... EuFeO3 perovskite was considered as a case study of the cooperative effects of the rare earth and transition metal elements in the total catalytic oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons. For this purpose, a EuFeO3 perovskite was prepared using the citrate route. Extensive characterization was performed via ex situ and in situ methods. EXAFS revealed that oxygen vacancies are formed in the nearest neig ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcat.2014.04.016

79. Facile synthesis of ionic liquid functionalized silica-capped CdTe quantum dots for selective recognition and detection of hemoproteins

Author:
Dong-Yan Li; Yi-Zhi Wang; Xiao-Li Zhao; Xi-Wen He; Wen-You Li; Yu-Kui Zhang
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry B 2014 v.2 no.34 pp. 5659-5665
ISSN:
2050-7518
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adsorption; cadmium; cations; chemical bonding; fluorescence; heme; imidazole; ionic liquids; proteomics; quantum dots; silica
Abstract:
... A facile and efficient approach for preparation of ionic liquid functionalized silica-capped CdTe QDs (CdTe/SiO₂/IL) was proposed in this work. The imidazolium-based ionic liquid N-3-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)-3-methyl imidazolium chloride was introduced and anchored on the surface of silica-capped CdTe QDs by the sol–gel technique, which played the role of a recognition element due to the covalent ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4tb00865k

80. Heparin-Mimicking Multilayer Coating on Polymeric Membrane via LbL Assembly of Cyclodextrin-Based Supramolecules

Author:
Deng Jie; Liu Xinyue; Ma Lang; Cheng Chong; Shi Wenbin; Nie Chuanxiong; Zhao Changsheng
Source:
ACS applied materials 2014 v.6 no.23 pp. 21603-21614
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adhesion; adsorption; anions; artificial membranes; atomic force microscopy; beta-cyclodextrin; biocompatibility; blood platelets; cations; cell adhesion; cell viability; chemical elements; chemokine CXCL4; coagulation; coatings; complement; contact angle; electrostatic interactions; endothelial cells; humans; inflammation; platelet activation; polymerization; scanning electron microscopy; thrombin; thromboplastin
Abstract:
... In this study, multifunctional and heparin-mimicking star-shaped supramolecules-deposited 3D porous multilayer films with improved biocompatibility were fabricated via a layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly method on polymeric membrane substrates. Star-shaped heparin-mimicking polyanions (including poly(styrenesulfonate-co-sodium acrylate; Star-PSS-AANa) and poly(styrenesulfonate-co-poly(ethylene gl ...
DOI:
10.1021/am506249r

81. How Naturally Adsorbed Material on Minerals Affects Low Salinity Enhanced Oil Recovery

Author:
Matthiesen J.; Bovet N.; Hilner E.; Andersson M. P.; Schmidt D. A.; Webb K. J.; Dalby K. N.; Hassenkam T.; Crouch J.; Collins I. R.; Stipp S. L .S.
Source:
Energy & Fuels 2014 v.28 no.8 pp. 4849-4858
ISSN:
1520-5029
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adhesion; atomic force microscopy; carbon; cations; cleaning; droplets; hydrocarbons; hydrophilicity; kerosene; models; oils; quartz; salinity; sandstone; seawater; solvents; wettability
Abstract:
... Laboratory core flood and field scale tests have demonstrated that about 5 to 40% more oil can be released from sandstone reservoirs by injecting low salinity water, rather than high salinity fluids such as seawater or formation water. The effect has been explained by a change in wettability of the minerals that form the pore wall, as a result of the decrease in divalent cation concentration. Usin ...
DOI:
10.1021/ef500218x

82. Insight into the stability of poly(diallydimethylammoniumchloride) and polybrene poly cationic coatings in capillary electrophoresis

Author:
Lei Pei; Charles A. Lucy
Source:
Journal of chromatography 2014 v.1365 pp. 226-233
ISSN:
0021-9673
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adsorption; anions; capillary electrophoresis; cations; chlorides; coatings; electroosmosis; models; molecular weight; pH; polymers; silica; tertiary amines
Abstract:
... Polycationic polymers are widely used in capillary electrophoresis (CE) as surface coatings to prevent protein adsorption and control electroosmotic flow (EOF). Such semi-permanent coatings are formed by flushing the capillary with a quaternary amine-based polymer such as poly(diallydimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) or polybrene. Compared to covalent capillary coatings, the claimed advantages o ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chroma.2014.09.013

83. Interactions of Na+, K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ with Benzene Self-Assembled Monolayers

Author:
Rimmen M.; Matthiesen J.; Bovet N.; Hassenkam T.; Pedersen C. S.; Stipp S. L. S.
Source:
Langmuir 2014 v.30 no.30 pp. 9115-9122
ISSN:
1520-5827
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adhesion; aqueous solutions; atomic force microscopy; benzene; calcium; cations; humans; hydrophobicity; magnesium; minerals; oil fields; oxidation; potassium; potassium chloride; proteins; silicon; sodium; soil
Abstract:
... Interactions between cations and organic molecules are found throughout nature, from the functionality and structure of proteins in humans and animals to the exchange of ions in minerals in soil and oil reservoirs with the fluid phases. We have explored the behavior of the s-block elements that are most common in the natural world, namely, Na⁺, K⁺, Mg²⁺, and Ca²⁺. Specifically, we investigated how ...
DOI:
10.1021/la5018664

84. Intermediate band in the gap of photosensitive hybrid gel based on titanium oxide: role of coordinated ligands during photoreduction

Author:
Thomas Cottineau; Annabelle Rouet; Vincent Fernandez; Luc Brohan; Mireille Richard-Plouet
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2014 v.2 no.29 pp. 11499-11508
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; absorption; cations; deprotonation; gels; ligands; photosensitivity; titanium; titanium dioxide; ultraviolet radiation; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy
Abstract:
... UV light induced chemical modifications of a new hybrid organic–inorganic gel, based on titanium oxide and obtained by a soft chemistry method, are studied by XPS and UV-visible spectroscopy. XPS experiments, with an in situ UV illumination design, were performed in order to study the different chemical modifications of the gel. The Ti⁴⁺ to Ti³⁺ reduction, as well as the associated change in the l ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ta02127d

85. Ionic Liquids Based on Phosphonium Cations As Neat Lubricants or Lubricant Additives for a Steel/Steel Contact

Author:
Otero Inés; López Enriqueta R.; Reichelt Manuela; Villanueva María; Salgado Josefa; Fernández Josefa
Source:
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2014 v.6 no.15 pp. 13115-13128
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; additives; cations; friction; ionic liquids; lubricants; oils; phosphorus; steel; thermal stability; viscosity; zinc
Abstract:
... After doing several miscibility essays with eight ionic liquids (ILs) and four base oils, the ILs tri(butyl)ethylphosphonium diethylphosphate [P₄,₄,₄,₂][C₂C₂PO₄] and trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium tris(pentafluoroethyl)trifluorophosphate [P₆,₆,₆,₁₄][(C₂F₅)₃PF₃] were selected to be studied as lubricant additives. The neat IL [P₄,₄,₄,₂][C₂C₂PO₄], the base oils, and several blends were characterized ...
DOI:
10.1021/am502980m

86. Ions removal by iron nanoparticles: a study on solid–water interface with zeta potential

Author:
Ying Ji
Source:
Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 2014 v.444 pp. 1-8
ISSN:
0927-7757
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; aqueous solutions; cations; heavy metals; iron; iron oxides; isoelectric point; nanoparticles; protons; reducing agents; sorption; zeta potential; zinc
Abstract:
... In this study, nanosclae zero-valent iron (nZVI) reacted with three heavy metal cations and one anion in aqueous solutions. In different times of reaction and in particle concentrations, zeta potentials and iso-electric point (IEP) of reacted iron nanoparticles were measured. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed that nZVI particles had core–shell structure. nZVI particles also exhibite ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.colsurfa.2013.12.031

87. Luminescence properties of Ca₂Si₅N₈:Eu²⁺ prepared by gas-pressed sintering using BaF₂ as flux and cation substitution

Author:
Chuang Wang; Zhengyan Zhao; Xicheng Wang; Yanyan Li; Quansheng Wu; Yuhua Wang
Source:
RSC advances 2014 v.4 no.98 pp. 55388-55393
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; barium; cations; emissions factor; europium; luminescence; wavelengths
Abstract:
... Eu²⁺ doped Ca₂Si₅N₈ phosphors were successfully prepared by gas-pressed sintering. The red-shift of the emission band from 608 nm to the longer wavelength 622 nm of the Ca₂Si₅N₈:Eu²⁺ phosphor under blue excitation has been achieved, and a large enhancement in the emission intensity has been obtained by using BaF₂. XRD data revealed that the lattice of Ca₂Si₅N₈:Eu²⁺ was expanded with Ba²⁺ ion dopin ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ra04683h

88. Magneto-electric/dielectric and fluorescence effects in multiferroic xBaTiO₃–(1 − x)ZnFe₂O₄ nanostructures

Author:
Kuldeep Chand Verma; S. K. Tripathi; R. K. Kotnala
Source:
RSC advances 2014 v.4 no.104 pp. 60234-60242
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; ambient temperature; cations; energy; fluorescence; fluorescence emission spectroscopy; iron; nanomaterials; phase transition; polyvinyl alcohol; sol-gel processing; stoichiometry; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... Multiferroic composites of xBaTiO₃–(1 − x)ZnFe₂O₄ (BTZF) [x = 0.25 (BTZF2575), 0.35 (BTZF3565), 0.45 (BTZF4555), 0.50 (BTZF5050) and 0.75 (BTZF7525)] nanostructure have been synthesized by a sol–gel method. Different types of nanostructural shapes and sizes have been obtained by the effect of ionic radii, surface energy and poly vinyl alcohol, which enhances the magneto-electric/dielectric interac ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ra09625h

89. Metal Cation Cross-Linked Nanocellulose Hydrogels as Tissue Engineering Substrates

Author:
Zander Nicole E.; Dong Hong; Steele Joshua; Grant John T.
Source:
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2014 v.6 no.21 pp. 18502-18510
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; biocompatibility; biodegradability; calcium; cations; cellulose; cellulose microfibrils; chemical bonding; crosslinking; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; extracellular matrix; fibroblasts; fibronectins; hydrogels; iron; mechanical properties; nanofibers; porosity; salts; tissue culture; tissue engineering
Abstract:
... The use of cellulose materials for biomedical applications is attractive due to their low cost, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Specific processing of cellulose to yield nanofibrils further improves mechanical properties and suitability as a tissue engineering substrate due to the similarity to the fibrous structure, porosity, and size-scale of the native extracellular matrix. In order to ...
DOI:
10.1021/am506007z

90. Mussel-inspired polydopamine biopolymer decorated with magnetic nanoparticles for multiple pollutants removal

Author:
Shengxiao Zhang; Yuanyuan Zhang; Guoming Bi; Junshen Liu; Zhigang Wang; Qiang Xu; Hui Xu; Xiaoyan Li
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2014 v.270 pp. 27-34
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adsorbents; adsorption; biopolymers; catechol; cations; copper; dopamine; heavy metals; magnetic materials; magnetite; mercury; metal ions; methylene blue; nanoparticles; pH; pollutants; remediation; silver; sorption isotherms; tartrazine; thermogravimetry; transmission electron microscopes
Abstract:
... The polydopamine polymer decorated with magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4/PDA) was synthesized and applied for removal of multiple pollutants. The resulted Fe3O4/PDA was characterized with elemental analysis, thermo-gravimetric analyses, vibrating sample magnetometer, high resolution transmission electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectra, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The self-po ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.01.039

91. Poly(dimethylsiloxane) as a pre-coating in layer-by-layer films containing phosphotungstate nanoclusters electrochemically sensitive toward s-triazines

Author:
A. L. Souza; G. Tremiliosi Filho; L. T. Kubota; R. K. Mendes; A. M. Botelho do Rego; O. N. Oliveira; C. Henry de Villeneuve; J. N. Chazalviel; P. Allongue; F. Ozanam; U. P. Rodrigues Filho
Source:
RSC advances 2014 v.4 no.56 pp. 29612-29621
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; atrazine; cations; desorption; electrochemistry; films (materials); indium tin oxide; melamine; moieties; nanoparticles; phosphotungstic acid; polyallylamines; scanning electron microscopy
Abstract:
... One of the major advantages of the Layer-by-Layer (LbL) deposition technique is the possible control of molecular architecture, not only to achieve optimized properties but also to seek synergy among different materials. In this study, LbL films containing nanoclusters of a Keggin type polyoxometalate, phosphotungstic acid (HPW), alternated with the polycation poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ra01468e

92. Preparation and Spectroscopic Properties of the [Re2(C3S4Se)5]2- Anion Complex and Electrical Conductivities of the Oxidized Species [C3S4Se2- = 1,3-Dithiole-2-selone-4,5-dithiolate(2-)]

Author:
Takashi Maikawa; Motohiro Nakano; Ryuichi Arakawa; Gen-etsu Matsubayashi; Wasuke Mori
Source:
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung 2014 v.50 no.11 pp. 1748-1752
ISSN:
0932-0776
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; ambient temperature; cations; electrochemistry; electrolysis; iron; magnetism; oxidation; pellets; rhenium; spectral analysis
Abstract:
... The dinuclear rhenium(IV) complexes with the C₃S₄Se-ligand [1,3-dithiole-2-selone-4,5- dithiolate(2-)], [PPh₄]₂- (1) and [NEt₄]₂[Re₂(C₃S₄Se)₅] (2), were prepared. Complex 2 was oxidized by a reaction with [Fe(C₅H₅)₂][PF6] or [TTF]₃[BF₄]₂ (TTF·⁺ = the tetrathiafulvalenium radical cation) and by the current-controlled electrolysis to yield [NEt₄]ₓ[Re₂(C₃S₄Se)₅] (x = 0.15 and 0.5) and [TTF][Re₂(C₃S₄S ...
DOI:
10.1515/znb-1995-1123

93. Properties of Coal Water Slurry Prepared with the Solid and Liquid Products of Hydrothermal Dewatering of Brown Coal

Author:
Yu Yujie; Liu Jianzhong; Cen Kefa
Source:
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2014 v.53 no.11 pp. 4511-4517
ISSN:
1520-5045
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; anions; autoclaves; cations; coal; dewatering; energy; engineering; liquids; moieties; organic carbon; oxygen; rheological properties; slurries; surface tension; temperature; wastewater; water content; China
Abstract:
... Hydrothermal dewatering (HTD) was employed to dry and upgrade Inner Mongolia brown coal (IM) in an autoclave reactor at temperatures between 200 and 320 °C. It was found that the extent of decrease of moisture content and decomposition of oxygen functional groups in brown coal during HTD depended on temperature increase. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results showed that the proportion of carbox ...
DOI:
10.1021/ie5000592

94. Proposed Mechanism of Antibacterial Action of Chemically Modified Apatite for Reduced Bone Infection

Author:
Lim P. N.; Chang L.; Tay B. Y.; Guneta V.; Choong C.; Ho B.; Thian E. S.
Source:
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2014 v.6 no.19 pp. 17082-17092
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
Staphylococcus aureus; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; alkaline phosphatase; antibacterial properties; bacteria; cations; cell walls; collagen; crystal structure; hydroxyapatite; osteocalcin; potassium; silicon; silver; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... Surface-bound silver ions were demonstrated to be responsible for the antibacterial action of silver, silicon-containing hydroxyapatite (Ag,Si-HA). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and induced coupled plasma spectroscopy results suggested that silver ions in the crystal structure diffused toward the crystal surface of Ag,Si-HA, and interacted with adherent Staphy ...
DOI:
10.1021/am504716g

95. Pt- and Ru-Doped SnO2–Sb Anodes with High Stability in Alkaline Medium

Author:
Berenguer Raúl; Sieben Juan Manuel; Quijada César; Morallón Emilia
Source:
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2014 v.6 no.24 pp. 22778-22789
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
X-radiation; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; alkali treatment; anodes; antimony; cations; durability; electrochemistry; energy-dispersive X-ray analysis; oxygen; oxygen production; scanning electron microscopy; sodium hydroxide; superoxide anion; thermal degradation; tin; tin dioxide; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... Different Pt- and Ru-doped Ti/SnO₂–Sb electrodes were synthesized by thermal decomposition. The effect of the gradual substitution of Sb by Ru in the nominal composition on the physicochemical and electrochemical properties were evaluated. The electrochemical stability of the electrodes was estimated from accelerated tests at 0.5 A cm–² in 1 M NaOH. Both as-synthesized and deactivated electrodes w ...
DOI:
10.1021/am506958k

96. Redox-driven atomic-scale changes in mixed catalysts: VOX/WOX/α-TiO₂ (110)

Author:
Z. Feng; M. E. McBriarty; A. U. Mane; J. Lu; P. C. Stair; J. W. Elam; M. J. Bedzyk
Source:
RSC advances 2014 v.4 no.110 pp. 64608-64616
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-radiation; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; atomic force microscopy; catalysts; catalytic activity; cations; redox reactions; synergism; tungsten oxide; vanadium
Abstract:
... X-ray studies of vanadium–tungsten mixed-monolayer-oxide catalysts grown on the rutile α-TiO₂ (110) single crystal surface show redox behavior not observed for lone supported vanadium or tungsten oxides. Two cases are presented: sub-monolayer (sub-ML) vanadium oxide (vanadia) grown on ML tungsten oxide and ML vanadia grown on sub-ML tungsten oxide. The X-ray standing wave (XSW) and X-ray photoelec ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ra14140g

97. Reducibility of Co at the La₀.₈Sr₀.₂CoO₃/(La₀.₅Sr₀.₅)₂CoO₄ hetero-interface at elevated temperatures

Author:
Nikolai Tsvetkov; Yan Chen; Bilge Yildiz
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2014 v.2 no.35 pp. 14690-14695
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; cathodes; cations; cobalt; electrochemistry; fuel cells; oxidation; oxygen; temperature
Abstract:
... The fast kinetics of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at oxide hetero-structures made of La₀.₈Sr₀.₂CoO₃ and (La₀.₅Sr₀.₅)₂CoO₄ (LSC₁₁₃/₂₁₄) attracted great interest to enable high performance cathodes for solid oxide fuel cells. The aim of this work is to uncover the underlying mechanism of fast ORR kinetics at the LSC₁₁₃/₂₁₄ system from a defect chemistry and electronic structure perspective. X-ray ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ta01889c

98. Selective hydrogenation of benzoic acid over Au supported on CeO2 and Ce0.62Zr0.38O2: Formation of benzyl alcohol

Author:
Noémie Perret; Xiaodong Wang; Juan J. Delgado; Ginesa Blanco; Xiaowei Chen; Carol M. Olmos; Serafin Bernal; Mark A. Keane
Source:
Journal of catalysis 2014 v.317 pp. 114-125
ISSN:
0021-9517
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adsorption; benzaldehyde; benzoic acid; benzyl alcohol; cations; ceric oxide; cerium; gases; gold; hydrogen; hydrogenation; kinetics; nanogold; oxygen; toluene; zirconium
Abstract:
... The gas-phase hydrogenation of benzoic acid was studied over Au supported on CeO2 and Ce0.62Zr0.38O2 (CZ). HAADF-STEM has established formation of nanoscale (mean=1.5–2nm) Au particles, which is consistent with CO adsorption measurements. Incorporation of Au facilitated partial support reduction during TPR to 573K where the presence of Zr increased oxygen mobility, resulting in a greater degree of ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcat.2014.06.010

99. Selective oxidation of methanol to form dimethoxymethane and methyl formate over a monolayer V2O5/TiO2 catalyst

Author:
V.V. Kaichev; G.Ya. Popova; Yu.A. Chesalov; A.A. Saraev; D.Y. Zemlyanov; S.A. Beloshapkin; A. Knop-Gericke; R. Schlögl; T.V. Andrushkevich; V.I. Bukhtiyarov
Source:
Journal of catalysis 2014 v.311 pp. 59-70
ISSN:
0021-9517
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray absorption spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; catalysts; cations; formaldehyde; formates; methanol; oxidation; oxygen; temperature; titanium dioxide
Abstract:
... The oxidation of methanol over highly dispersed vanadia supported on TiO2 (anatase) has been investigated using in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), near ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (NAP XPS), X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES), and a temperature-programmed reaction technique. The data were complemented by kinetic measurements collected in a flow ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcat.2013.10.026

100. Single stage electrochemical exfoliation method for the production of few-layer graphene via intercalation of tetraalkylammonium cations

Author:
Adam J. Cooper; Neil R. Wilson; Ian A. Kinloch; Robert A.W. Dryfe
Source:
Carbon 2014 v.66 pp. 340-350
ISSN:
0008-6223
Subject:
Raman spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; atomic force microscopy; cations; electrochemistry; electrodes; graphene; quaternary ammonium compounds; solvents; sonication; ultrasonic treatment
Abstract:
... We present a non-oxidative production route to few layer graphene via the electrochemical intercalation of tetraalkylammonium cations into pristine graphite. Two forms of graphite have been studied as the source material with each yielding a slightly different result. Highly orientated pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) offers greater advantages in terms of the exfoliate size but the source electrode set u ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbon.2013.09.009