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1. Kinetic parameters estimation of pinus sylvestris pyrolysis by Kissinger-Kai method coupled with Particle Swarm Optimization and global sensitivity analysis

Author:
Ding, Yanming; Zhang, Yu; Zhang, Jiaqing; Zhou, Ru; Ren, Zeyu; Guo, Hailin
Source:
Bioresource technology 2019 v.293 pp. 122079
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
Pinus sylvestris; activation energy; algorithms; cellulose; lignin; models; pyrolysis; reaction mechanisms; thermogravimetry
Abstract:
... Pyrolysis of pinewood (pinus sylvestris) was investigated based on thermogravimetric analysis. A new method was put forward to estimate its kinetic parameters by coupling model-free and model-fitting models. Kissinger-Kai method updated from Kissinger method was used as the representative of model-free method. Particle Swarm Optimization heuristic algorithm, as the typical model-fitting method, wa ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122079

2. Prediction of the color change of heat-treated wood during artificial weathering by artificial neural network

Author:
Nguyen, Tat Thang; Van Nguyen, Thi Hai; Ji, Xiaodi; Yuan, Bingnan; Trinh, Hien Mai; Do, Khoa Thi Lanh; Guo, Minghui
Source:
European journal of wood and wood products 2019 v.77 no.6 pp. 1107-1116
ISSN:
0018-3768
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; algorithms; chemical composition; color; data collection; exposure duration; heat treatment; lignin; neural networks; photolysis; prediction; temperature; weathering; wood; wood extractives
Abstract:
... The purpose of this study was to predict the color change of heat-treated wood during artificial weathering by an artificial neural network (ANN) model. Chemical component analysis was used to analyze the origin of color change of the heat-treated wood. The network included an input layer consisting of three input nodes, namely, the weathering exposure time, heat treatment temperature, and heat-tr ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00107-019-01449-0

3. Lignin-KMC: A Toolkit for Simulating Lignin Biosynthesis

Author:
Orella, Michael J.; Gani, Terry Z. H.; Vermaas, Josh V.; Stone, Michael L.; Anderson, Eric M.; Beckham, Gregg T.; Brushett, Fikile R.; Román-Leshkov, Yuriy
Source:
ACS sustainable chemistry & engineering 2019 v.7 no.22 pp. 18313-18322
ISSN:
2168-0485
Subject:
algorithms; biopolymers; biosphere; biosynthesis; computer software; density functional theory; depolymerization; dioxane; lignification; lignin; prediction; sinapyl alcohol
Abstract:
... Lignin is an abundant biopolymer of phenylpropanoid monomers that is critical for plant structure and function. Based on the abundance of lignin in the biosphere and interest in lignin valorization, a more comprehensive understanding of lignin biosynthesis is imperative. Here, we present an open-source software toolkit, Lignin-KMC, that combines kinetic Monte Carlo and first-principles calculation ...
DOI:
10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b03534

4. Estimating biomass major chemical constituents from ultimate analysis using a random forest model

Author:
Xing, Jiangkuan; Luo, Kun; Wang, Haiou; Fan, Jianren
Source:
Bioresource technology 2019 v.288 pp. 121541
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
algorithms; biomass; cellulose; chemical composition; databases; hemicellulose; lignin; models; prediction
Abstract:
... Chemical constituents are important properties for utilization of biomass, and experimental approaches are always expensive and time-consuming to determinate those properties. Here, a novel random forest (RF) model is developed for accurately predicting biomass major chemical constituents from the much-easier available ultimate analysis, and compared with the previous correlation as well as the ex ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121541

5. The accuracy and efficiency of GA and PSO optimization schemes on estimating reaction kinetic parameters of biomass pyrolysis

Author:
Ding, Yanming; Zhang, Wenlong; Yu, Lei; Lu, Kaihua
Source:
Energy 2019 v.176 pp. 582-588
ISSN:
0360-5442
Subject:
algorithms; biomass; cellulose; hemicellulose; lignin; models; pyrolysis; reaction mechanisms; system optimization; thermogravimetry
Abstract:
... Reaction kinetic parameters estimation of biomass pyrolysis is a relatively difficult optimization problem due to the complexity of pyrolysis model. Two common heuristic algorithms, Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), are applied to estimate the kinetic parameters of three-component parallel reaction mechanism based on the thermogravimetric experiment in wide heating rate ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.energy.2019.04.030

6. Mapping foliar functional traits and their uncertainties across three years in a grassland experiment

Author:
Wang, Zhihui; Townsend, Philip A.; Schweiger, Anna K.; Couture, John J.; Singh, Aditya; Hobbie, Sarah E.; Cavender-Bares, Jeannine
Source:
Remote sensing of environment 2019 v.221 pp. 405-416
ISSN:
0034-4257
Subject:
algorithms; cellulose; ecosystems; functional diversity; grasslands; hemicellulose; image analysis; irrigation; leaf mass; least squares; lignin; model validation; models; nitrogen; normal distribution; photosynthesis; pigments; prediction; remote sensing; species richness; spectroscopy; uncertainty; vegetation cover; Minnesota
Abstract:
... Foliar functional traits refer to a range of biochemical and physiognomic characteristics of vegetation that control photosynthesis, nutrient and water cycling, and can be used to describe the functional diversity of ecosystems. In this study, we utilize NASA AVIRIS - Next Generation imaging spectroscopy data to map 15 foliar functional traits in a grassland experiment at the Cedar Creek Ecosystem ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.rse.2018.11.016

7. Monitoring litchi canopy foliar phosphorus content using hyperspectral data

Author:
Li, Dan; Wang, Chongyang; Jiang, Hao; Peng, Zhiping; Yang, Ji; Su, Yongxian; Song, Jia; Chen, Shuisen
Source:
Computers and electronics in agriculture 2018 v.154 pp. 176-186
ISSN:
0168-1699
Subject:
Litchi; absorption; algorithms; anthocyanins; canopy; cellulose; chlorophyll; crop yield; cultivars; developmental stages; fruit quality; lignin; monitoring; nitrogen; oils; phosphorus; phosphorus content; planting; potassium; precision agriculture; prediction; proteins; reflectance; starch; sugars; wavelengths
Abstract:
... Phosphorus (P) is an important element to litchi yield and fruit quality in addition to nitrogen (N) and potassium (K). This study was undertaken to explore the ability to predict P content using canopy reflectance. Some published indices and two ratio spectral indices (Ratio of reflectance index, RRI; Ratio of reflectance difference index, RRDI) developed by band interactive-optimization algorith ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.compag.2018.09.007

8. Application of real valued genetic algorithm on prediction of higher heating values of various lignocellulosic materials using lignin and extractive contents

Author:
Akdeniz, Fikret; Biçil, Metin; Karadede, Yusuf; Özbek, Füreya Elif; Özdemir, Gültekin
Source:
Energy 2018 v.160 pp. 1047-1054
ISSN:
0360-5442
Subject:
algorithms; lignin; lignocellulose; nonlinear models; prediction; regression analysis; theoretical models; Turkey (country)
Abstract:
... The higher heating values (HHVs) of 11 non-wood lignocellulosic materials from Turkey were measured experimentally and calculated incorporating various theoretical models with the values of both lignin and extractive contents. Multiple linear regression (MLR) and real valued genetic algorithm (RVGA) were used to derive the theoretical models. A non-linear RVGA6 model was determined as the best non ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.energy.2018.07.053

9. Temporal decomposition sampling and chemical characterization of eucalyptus harvest residues using NIR spectroscopy and chemometric methods

Author:
Ferreira, Gabriel W.D.; Roque, Jussara V.; Soares, Emanuelle M.B.; Silva, Ivo R.; Silva, Eulene F.; A. Vasconcelos, Aline; Teófilo, Reinaldo F.
Source:
Talanta 2018 v.188 pp. 168-177
ISSN:
0039-9140
Subject:
Eucalyptus; algorithms; bark; branches; carbon; chemical composition; chemometrics; least squares; leaves; lignin; models; near-infrared spectroscopy; nitrogen; physicochemical properties; plant residues; plantations; polysaccharides; prediction; principal component analysis
Abstract:
... Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and chemometric methods were used to predict the chemical properties of decomposing eucalyptus harvest residues to better understand the decomposition process of these materials. Leaves, twigs, branches, and bark from a decomposition experimental set up in commercial plantations were sampled for one year. The contents of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), extractives (EX), ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.talanta.2018.05.073

10. Computational Generation of Lignin Libraries from Diverse Biomass Sources

Author:
Dellon, Lauren D.; Yanez, Abraham J.; Li, Wenjun; Mabon, Ross; Broadbelt, Linda J.
Source:
Energy & Fuels 2017 v.31 no.8 pp. 8263-8274
ISSN:
1520-5029
Subject:
algorithms; bioenergy industry; biomass; economic sustainability; fuels; hardwood; lignin; molecular weight; softwood; topology
Abstract:
... The economic viability of the biofuel industry has been plagued in part by the incomplete valorization of lignin, which is currently being burned for process heat. One of the roadblocks to effectively converting lignin into usable fuels and chemicals is that the structure of lignin has yet to be entirely understood owing to its polydispersity, complexity, and hyper-branched topology. Libraries of ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.energyfuels.7b01150

11. Results of the International Energy Agency Round Robin on Fast Pyrolysis Bio-oil Production

Author:
Elliott, Douglas C.; Meier, Dietrich; Oasmaa, Anja; van de Beld, Bert; Bridgwater, Anthony V.; Marklund, Magnus
Source:
Energy & Fuels 2017 v.31 no.5 pp. 5111-5119
ISSN:
1520-5029
Subject:
algorithms; biofuels; biomass; energy; feedstocks; filtration; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; gel chromatography; lignin; molecular weight; pyrolysis; screening; trace elements; vapors; viscosity
Abstract:
... An international round robin study of the production of fast pyrolysis bio-oil was undertaken. A total of 15 institutions in six countries contributed. Three biomass samples were distributed to the laboratories for processing in fast pyrolysis reactors. Samples of the bio-oil produced were transported to a central analytical laboratory for analysis. The round robin was focused on validating the py ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b03502

12. Estimation of cellulose crystallinity of sugarcane biomass using near infrared spectroscopy and multivariate analysis methods

Author:
Caliari, Ítalo P.; Barbosa, Márcio H.P.; Ferreira, Sukarno O.; Teófilo, Reinaldo F.
Source:
Carbohydrate polymers 2017 v.158 pp. 20-28
ISSN:
0144-8617
Subject:
correlation; hemicellulose; X-ray diffraction; crystal structure; Saccharum; models; least squares; near-infrared spectroscopy; cellulose; sugarcane bagasse; sugarcane; biomass; lignin; algorithms; prediction; X-radiation
Abstract:
... A method for estimation of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) biomass crystallinity using near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) and partial least squares regression (PLS) as an alternative to the standard method using X-ray diffractometry (XRD) is proposed. Crystallinity was obtained using XRD from sugarcane bagasse. NIR spectra were obtained of the same material. PLS models were built using the NIR and crysta ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.12.005

13. A kinetic reaction model for biomass pyrolysis processes in Aspen Plus

Author:
Peters, Jens F.; Banks, Scott W.; Bridgwater, Anthony V.; Dufour, Javier
Source:
Applied energy 2017 v.188 pp. 595-603
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
Fagus; algorithms; biofuels; biomass; cellulose; computer software; elemental composition; feedstocks; hemicellulose; lignin; lignocellulose; prediction; pyrolysis; regression analysis; simulation models; temperature; volatilization; water content; wood
Abstract:
... This paper presents a novel kinetic reaction model for biomass pyrolysis processes. The model is based on the three main building blocks of lignocellulosic biomass, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin and can be readily implemented in Aspen Plus and easily adapted to other process simulation software packages. It uses a set of 149 individual reactions that represent the volatilization, decompositi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.12.030

14. Thermal decomposition of rape straw: Pyrolysis modelling and kinetic study via Particle Swarm Optimization

Author:
Xu, Li; Jiang, Yong; Wang, Lei
Source:
Energy conversion and management 2017
ISSN:
0196-8904
Subject:
activation energy; agricultural wastes; algorithms; biomass; cellulose; hemicellulose; kinetics; lignin; models; nitrogen; pyrolysis; straw; thermogravimetry
Abstract:
... The aim of this work is to implement an efficient and robust optimization approach for parameter estimation of pyrolysis kinetic model to study the pyrolysis of a typical agricultural residue. Thermogravimetric profiles of rape straw were obtained at a wide heating range of 10, 20, 30 and 40°C/min in an inert atmosphere of nitrogen and the thermal decomposition process was studied in detail. First ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.enconman.2017.05.020

15. A strategic laccase mediated lignin degradation of lignocellulosic feedstocks for ethanol production

Author:
Avanthi, Althuri; Banerjee, Rintu
Source:
Industrial crops and products 2016 v.92 pp. 174-185
ISSN:
0926-6690
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Ricinus communis; Saccharum officinarum; Saccharum spontaneum; X-ray diffraction; adsorption; algorithms; biomass; carboxylic acids; cellulose; chemical composition; crystal structure; delignification; ethanol production; feedstocks; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; heterocyclic compounds; laccase; lignin; lignocellulose; phenolic acids; reducing sugars; saccharification; scanning electron microscopy; synergism
Abstract:
... Lignin degradation using laccase is a cleaner, biocatalytic, and substrate specific alternative to improve holocellulose recovery from lignocellulosic feedstocks for bioethanol production. The degree of laccase mediated lignin degradation varied with the biochemical composition of the biomass. In the present article, Fourier-Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectroscopy and simplex centroid mixture desi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.08.009

16. Detecting Important Intermediates in Pd Catalyzed Depolymerization of a Lignin Model Compound by a Combination of DFT Calculations and Constrained Minima Hopping

Author:
Srifa, Pemikar; Galkin, Maxim V.; Samec, Joseph S. M.; Hermansson, Kersti; Broqvist, Peter
Source:
The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2016 v.120 no.41 pp. 23469-23479
ISSN:
1932-7455
Subject:
adsorption; algorithms; catalysts; catalytic activity; cleavage (chemistry); depolymerization; enols; gases; lignin; models; palladium; tautomers
Abstract:
... Density functional theory (DFT) calculations, combined with a constrained minima hopping algorithm (global minimum search while preserving the molecular identity), have been performed to investigate important reaction intermediates for the heterogeneously catalyzed β-O-4′ bond cleavage in lignin derivatives. More specifically, we have studied the adsorption properties of a keto tautomer (1-methoxy ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b05622

17. Estimation of litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) leaf nitrogen content at different growth stages using canopy reflectance spectra

Author:
Li, Dan; Wang, Congyang; Liu, Wei; Peng, Zhiping; Huang, Siyu; Huang, Jichuan; Chen, Shuisen
Source:
European journal of agronomy 2016 v.80 pp. 182-194
ISSN:
1161-0301
Subject:
flowering; spectral analysis; reflectance; orchards; linear models; nitrogen content; data collection; starch; cellulose; spectroscopy; leaves; cultivars; buds; autumn; Litchi chinensis; lignin; algorithms; canopy; nitrogen; absorption; flowers; growing season; chlorophyll; vegetation; China
Abstract:
... The estimation of crop nitrogen status in fresh vegetation leaf using field spectroscopy is challenging due to the weak responses on leaf/canopy reflectance and the overlapping with the absorption features of other compounds. Although the spectral indices were proposed in the literature to predict leaf nitrogen content (LNC), the performance of selected spectral indices to estimate the LNC is ofte ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.eja.2016.08.001

18. De novo transcriptome analysis of Inonotus baumii by RNA-seq

Author:
Zou, Li; Sun, Tingting; Li, Danlei; Tan, Yun; Zhang, Guoquan; Wang, Feng; Zhang, Jian
Source:
Journal of bioscience and bioengineering 2016 v.121 no.4 pp. 380-384
ISSN:
1389-1723
Subject:
Inonotus; algorithms; biosynthesis; data collection; databases; disease resistance; enzymes; genome mining; herbal medicines; immune response; lignin; proteins; sequence homology; transcriptome; transcriptomics; triterpenoids; unigenes; white-rot fungi; yeasts
Abstract:
... Inonotus baumii, a basidiomycete white rot fungus, has been widely used as traditional herbal medicine in China, Korea, Japan and other Asian countries for many years. Its extract is of great medicinal importance and plays a valuable role in the immune response and disease resistance. However, limited genetic resources for I. baumii have hindered exploration of this species. In order to gain a mol ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jbiosc.2015.09.004

19. Estimation of beech pyrolysis kinetic parameters by Shuffled Complex Evolution

Author:
Ding, Yanming; Wang, Changjian; Chaos, Marcos; Chen, Ruiyu; Lu, Shouxiang
Source:
Bioresource technology 2016 v.200 pp. 658-665
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
Fagus; algorithms; bioenergy; cellulose; feedstocks; heat; hemicellulose; lignin; models; pyrolysis; thermogravimetry
Abstract:
... The pyrolysis kinetics of a typical biomass energy feedstock, beech, was investigated based on thermogravimetric analysis over a wide heating rate range from 5K/min to 80K/min. A three-component (corresponding to hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin) parallel decomposition reaction scheme was applied to describe the experimental data. The resulting kinetic reaction model was coupled to an evolution ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2015.10.082

20. Imaging spectroscopy algorithms for mapping canopy foliar chemical and morphological traits and their uncertainties

Author:
Singh, Aditya; Serbin, Shawn P.; McNeil, Brenden E.; Kingdon, Clayton C.; Townsend, Philip A.
Source:
Ecological applications 2015 v.25 no.8 pp. 2180-2197
ISSN:
1051-0761
Subject:
algorithms; biogeochemical cycles; canopy; carbon; cellulose; ecosystems; forests; image analysis; least squares; leaves; lignin; model validation; models; nitrogen; nitrogen content; remote sensing; space and time; spectral analysis; spectrometers; spectroscopy; stable isotopes; uncertainty
Abstract:
... A major goal of remote sensing is the development of generalizable algorithms to repeatedly and accurately map ecosystem properties across space and time. Imaging spectroscopy has great potential to map vegetation traits that cannot be retrieved from broadband spectral data, but rarely have such methods been tested across broad regions. Here we illustrate a general approach for estimating key foli ...
DOI:
10.1890/14-2098.1

21. Applicability of the PROSPECT model for estimating protein and cellulose+lignin in fresh leaves

Author:
Wang, Zhihui; Skidmore, Andrew K.; Wang, Tiejun; Darvishzadeh, Roshanak; Hearne, John
Source:
Remote sensing of environment 2015 v.168 pp. 205-218
ISSN:
0034-4257
Subject:
absorption; algorithms; biochemical pathways; canopy; cellulose; data collection; hyperspectral imagery; leaf protein; leaves; lignin; models; radiative transfer; reflectance; remote sensing; transmittance
Abstract:
... Hyperspectral remote sensing of leaf biochemicals is critical for understanding many biochemical processes. Leaf biochemical contents (e.g., protein, cellulose and lignin) in fresh and dry leaves have been quantified from hyperspectral data using empirical models. However, they cannot be retrieved for fresh leaves by inverting radiative transfer models. We demonstrated the applicability of PROSPEC ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.rse.2015.07.007

22. Yellow Laccase-Mediated Lignin Degradation of Ricinus communis: A Future Agricultural Biomass for Biofuel Production

Author:
Mukhopadhyay, Mainak; Banerjee, Rintu
Source:
Agricultural research 2015 v.4 no.3 pp. 309-318
ISSN:
2249-720X
Subject:
Ricinus communis; algorithms; biofuels; biomass; cellulose; cinnamic acid; delignification; depolymerization; enzyme activity; ethanol production; feedstocks; ferulic acid; forests; fuel production; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; hemicellulose; infrared spectroscopy; laccase; lignin; p-coumaric acid; pH; response surface methodology; scanning electron microscopy; temperature; value-added products; India
Abstract:
... Agricultural biomass left to decay in the fields and forests has a huge possibility to serve as a low-cost feedstock for production of bioethanol and other value added products. In the Indian subcontinent, Ricinus communis, growing in parched conditions contributes a major biomass containing 44.4 % cellulose, 22.8 % hemicelluloses and 19.8 % lignin. In the present study, response surface methodolo ...
DOI:
10.1007/s40003-015-0175-5

23. Modeling of kraft lignin pyrolysis based on bond dissociation and fragments coupling

Author:
Guo, Xiaojin; Liu, Zhenyu; Liu, Qingya; Shi, Lei
Source:
Fuel processing technology 2015 v.135 pp. 133-149
ISSN:
0378-3820
Subject:
algorithms; biomass; chemical bonding; dissociation; free radicals; lignin; models; pyrolysis; temperature
Abstract:
... It is generally recognized that pyrolysis of biomass involves two steps: dissociation of covalent bonds to generate free radical fragments and coupling of the free radical fragments to form products. Experiments and simulations on biomass pyrolysis in the literature, however, ignored the role of each step and provided only the overall results of the two steps. Based on the two-step mechanism, this ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fuproc.2014.12.009

24. Chemical Composition and Calorific Value Prediction of Wheat Straw at Different Maturity Stages Using Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy

Author:
Niu, Wenjuan; Huang, Guangqun; Liu, Xian; Chen, Longjian; Han, Lujia
Source:
Energy & Fuels 2014 v.28 no.12 pp. 7474-7482
ISSN:
1520-5029
Subject:
acid detergent fiber; algorithms; carbon; cellulose; crude protein; hemicellulose; hydrogen; least squares; lignin; maturity stage; models; near-infrared spectroscopy; neutral detergent fiber; nitrogen; prediction; process control; qualitative analysis; rapid methods; reflectance; screening; sulfur; value added; wheat straw
Abstract:
... Rapid assessment of wheat straw at different maturity stages will help to reveal its growth mature and enable better process control that will optimize the sustainable value-added usage. This study explored the potential of near-infrared reflectance (NIR) spectroscopy to quantitatively and qualitatively analyze the multiple chemical composition and calorific value of wheat straw at different matur ...
DOI:
10.1021/ef501446r

25. A novel Gaussian-DAEM-reaction model for the pyrolysis of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin

Author:
Zhang, Jinzhi; Chen, Tianju; Wu, Jingli; Wu, Jinhu
Source:
RSC advances 2014 v.4 no.34 pp. 17513-17520
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
activation energy; algorithms; cellulose; heat; hemicellulose; lignin; models; nitrogen; pyrolysis; temperature; thermogravimetry; variance
Abstract:
... This work deals with the pyrolysis kinetics of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Experiments were carried out in a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA Q5000) in the inert atmosphere of nitrogen at a heating rate of 10 K min⁻¹. The single Gaussian distributed activation energy model (DAEM) was utilized to study the pyrolysis kinetics. Kinetic parameters such as the pre-exponential factor (k₀), mean ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ra01445f

26. Modeling Pyrolysis of Charring Materials: Determining Kinetic Properties and Heat of Pyrolysis of Medium Density Fiberboard

Author:
Li, K. Y.; Pau, D. S. W.; Hou, Y. N.; Ji, J.
Source:
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2014 v.53 no.1 pp. 141-149
ISSN:
1520-5045
Subject:
algorithms; biomass; burning; cellulose; differential scanning calorimetry; endothermy; engineering; heat production; hemicellulose; lignin; medium density fiberboards; models; pyrolysis; thermogravimetry
Abstract:
... For modeling the burning behavior of medium density fiberboard (MDF), pyrolysis kinetics was experimentally investigated through simultaneous differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis (SDT) experiments. Three decomposition models with up to four pyrolyzing components (phenol–formaldehyde (PF) resin, hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin) were used to model the pyrolysis proce ...
DOI:
10.1021/ie402905z

27. Pyrolysis of orange waste: A thermo-kinetic study

Author:
Lopez-Velazquez, M.A.; Santes, V.; Balmaseda, J.; Torres-Garcia, E.
Source:
Journal of analytical and applied pyrolysis 2013 v.99 pp. 170-177
ISSN:
0165-2370
Subject:
activation energy; alcohols; aldehydes; algorithms; alkanes; carbon dioxide; carboxylic acids; energy; ethers; heat; ketones; lignin; nitrogen; phenolic compounds; pyrolysis; temperature; volatile compounds; wastes
Abstract:
... Thermal and kinetic decomposition of orange waste have been investigated by simultaneous TGA–DSC and TGA–FTIR analysis techniques under nitrogen atmosphere. Thermal profile degradation can be interpreted as the resultant of multiple, parallel and simultaneous reactions, related to: (i) dehydration process for temperatures ≤120°C; (ii) pyrolytic cracking, from 125 to 450°C, stage where the ligno-ce ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jaap.2012.09.016

28. Analysis of precipitated lignin on kraft pulp fibers using atomic force microscopy

Author:
Schmied, Franz J.; Teichert, Christian; Kappel, Lisbeth; Hirn, Ulrich; Schennach, Robert
Source:
Cellulose 2012 v.19 no.3 pp. 1013-1021
ISSN:
0969-0239
Subject:
algorithms; atomic force microscopy; bleaching; cellulose; digital images; image analysis; kraft pulp; lignin; pulp fiber; pulping; softwood; waste liquors; watersheds
Abstract:
... A method is presented which enables analysis of lignin precipitated on the surface of kraft pulp fibers. As experimental input, high-resolution atomic force microscopy phase images of the fiber surfaces have been recorded in tapping mode. A digital image analysis procedure—based on the watershed algorithm—is applied to distinguish between cellulose fibrils and the precipitated lignin. In this way, ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10570-012-9667-7

29. High-throughput prediction of physical and mechanical properties of paper from Raman chemometric analysis of pulp fibres11This article is a contribution to the series The Role of Sensors in the New Forest Products Industry and Bioeconomy.

Author:
Chen, D.; Trung, T.; Jang, H.-F.; Francis, D.W.; Grant, E.R.
Source:
Canadian journal of forest research = 2011 v.41 no.11 pp. 2100-2113
ISSN:
1208-6037
Subject:
algorithms; chemometrics; kraft pulp; least squares; lignin; manufacturing; markets; mechanical properties; paper; prediction; process control; quality control; softwood; spectral analysis; wavelet
Abstract:
... Better pulp quality control, especially relating to product sheet strength, can offer an important means to improve the market superiority of a pulp. However, aside from lignin content, few pulp properties can be easily measured in a timely manner for process control. The present report proves a principle on a novel Raman system and a systematic chemometric approach, allowing for rapid spectral da ...
DOI:
0.1139/x11-089

30. A new algorithm to characterize biodegradability of biomass during anaerobic digestion: Influence of lignin concentration on methane production potential

Author:
Triolo, Jin M.; Sommer, Sven G.; Møller, Henrik B.; Weisbjerg, Martin R.; Jiang, Xin Y.
Source:
Bioresource technology 2011 v.102 no.20 pp. 9395-9402
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
algorithms; anaerobic digestion; animal manures; biodegradability; biomass; corn; energy crops; grasses; lignin; methane; model validation; statistical models; straw
Abstract:
... We examined the influence of fibrous fractions of biomass on biochemical methane potential (BMP) with the objective of developing an economical and easy-to-use statistical model to predict BMP, and hence the biodegradability of organic material (BD) for biogas production. The model was developed either for energy crops (grass, maize, and straw) or for animal manures, or as a combined model for the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2011.07.026
PubMed:
21868219

31. Analysis of coffee cut-stems (CCS) as raw material for fuel ethanol production

Author:
Triana, Cristian F.; Quintero, Julián A.; Agudelo, Roberto A.; Cardona, Carlos A.; Higuita, Juan C.
Source:
Energy 2011 v.36 no.7 pp. 4182-4190
ISSN:
0360-5442
Subject:
algorithms; biomass; energy; energy costs; environmental impact; ethanol; ethanol fuels; ethanol production; lignin; lignocellulose; pollution; raw materials; reducing sugars; sulfuric acid; waste reduction
Abstract:
... Coffee cut-stems (CCS) represent a promising candidate for fuel ethanol production in tropical countries because of their high availability and high biomass yield per hectare. In this work, pretreatment of this agricultural residue with dilute sulfuric acid and liquid hot water (LHW) was integrated in the simulation and economic assessment of the process for fuel ethanol production. High reducing ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.energy.2011.04.025

32. Testing genetic algorithm as a tool to select relevant wavebands from field hyperspectral data for estimating pasture mass and quality in a mixed sown pasture using partial least squares regression

Author:
Kawamura, Kensuke; Watanabe, Nariyasu; Sakanoue, Seiichi; Lee, Hyo‐Jin; Inoue, Yoshio; Odagawa, Shinya
Source:
Grassland science 2010 v.56 no.4 pp. 205-216
ISSN:
1744-6961
Subject:
acid detergent fiber; algorithms; biomass; canopy; crude protein; forage; lignin; models; neutral detergent fiber; prediction; reflectance; regression analysis; sown pastures; spring; summer
Abstract:
... It is now accepted that partial least squares (PLS) regression with waveband selection might improve their predictive accuracy in multivariate calibration of models to describe pasture mass and quality. Recently, genetic algorithm (GA) has been shown to be a suitable method for selecting wavebands in the laboratory calibrations. This study aimed to investigate the performance of genetic algorithms ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1744-697X.2010.00196.x

33. Improved multivariate calibration models for corn stover feedstock and dilute-acid pretreated corn stover

Author:
Wolfrum, Edward J.; Sluiter, Amie D.
Source:
Cellulose 2009 v.16 no.4 pp. 567-576
ISSN:
0969-0239
Subject:
algorithms; biomass; chemical analysis; corn stover; feedstocks; lignin; models; multivariate analysis; prediction; spectroscopy; uncertainty; xylan
Abstract:
... We have studied rapid calibration models to predict the composition of a variety of biomass feedstocks by correlating near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopic data to compositional data produced using traditional wet chemical analysis techniques. The rapid calibration models are developed using multivariate statistical analysis of the spectroscopic and wet chemical data. This work discusses the latest ve ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10570-009-9320-2

34. Prediction of Lignin and Extractive Content of Pinus nigra Arnold. var. Pallasiana Tree Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy and Multivariate Calibration

Author:
Uner, B.; Karaman, I.; Tanriverdi, H.; Ozdemir, D.
Source:
Journal of wood chemistry and technology 2009 v.29 no.1 pp. 24-42
ISSN:
0277-3813
Subject:
Pinus nigra; wood chemistry; wood quality; lignin; wood extractives; near-infrared spectroscopy; calibration; models; prediction; algorithms; chemical analysis; spectral analysis
Abstract:
... Determination of quality parameters such as lignin and extractive content of wood samples by wet chemistry analyses takes a long time. Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy coupled with multivariate calibration offers a fast and nondestructive alternative to obtain reliable results. However, due to the complexity of the spectra obtained from NIR, some wavelength selection is generally required to impro ...
DOI:
10.1080/02773810802607567