An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
Internet; United States Geological Survey; aerial photography; base maps; business partnerships; computer software; data collection; digital database; floodplains; hydrology; information sources; information systems; natural resources; paper; soil; transportation; vision; Texas
Abstract:
...
Citizens have historically relied on many different types of paper maps such as U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) topographic maps, highway maps, and flood plain maps for information about their surroundings. These maps have been produced through traditional mapping and printing processes, however, and are difficult and expensive to update, especially for coverages over large areas. The Texas Na ...
Picea crassifolia; aboveground biomass; base maps; coniferous forests; equations; fruits; inventories; leaves; lidar; regression analysis; trees; China
Abstract:
... This study aims to estimate forest above-ground biomass and biomass components in a stand of Picea crassifolia (a coniferous tree) located on Qilian Mountain, western China via low density small-footprint airborne LiDAR data. LiDAR points were first classified into ground points and vegetation points. After, vegetation statistics, including height quantiles, mean height, and fractional cover were ...
accuracy; base maps; correlation; digital elevation models; mathematical theory; sampling; topography
Abstract:
...
Empirical research in DEM accuracy assessment has observed that DEM errors are correlated with terrain morphology, sampling density, and interpolation method. However, theoretical reasons for these correlations have not been accounted for. This paper introduces approximation theory adapted from computational science as a new framework to assess the accuracy of DEMs interpolated from topograp ...
accuracy; acoustics; base maps; case studies; coral reefs; corals; disasters; global warming; image analysis; monitoring; national parks; remote sensing; spectral analysis; vegetation; Mexico
Abstract:
... Reefs are being threatened by global warming, natural disasters, and the increased pressure of the global population. These habitats are in urgent need of mapping at high resolution so that these threats can be quantified. Remote sensing can potentially provide such quantitative data. In this article, we attempt to map benthic coral-reef habitats at the Puerto Morelos Reef National Park in Yucatan ...
... People often transport objects within indoor environments, who need enough space for the motion. In such cases, the accessibility of indoor spaces relies on the dimensions, which includes a person and her/his operated objects. This paper proposes a new approach to avoid obstacles and compute indoor paths with respect to the user dimension. The approach excludes inaccessible spaces for a user in fi ...
... Mining activity is indispensable for the current stage of progress of our civilization. Although it is a temporary activity, its impacts are remarkable, especially with respect to landscape modifications. To mitigate such impacts, the implementation of monitored environmental recovery projects is of fundamental importance. Landscape Function Analysis (LFA) is a multicriteria analysis using remote ...
... The results of experimental studies of the postagrogenic transformation of loamy soddy-podzolic soils on the southern slope of the Klin-Dmitrov Moraine Ridge are discussed. A chronosequence of soils (arable soils (cropland)-soils under fallow with meadow vegetation-soils under secondary forests of different ages-soils under a conventionally initial native forest) was examined, and the stages of th ...
alluvial aquifer; base maps; crops; groundwater; land use; models; nitrates; pollution; risk; rivers; watersheds; Spain
Abstract:
... The aim of this research was to conduct an empirical assessment of the risks of N–loss to groundwater associated with land use (LU), based on annual data on the net N–balance surplus in Spanish crops. These data were used to generate a detailed risk rating system reflecting the potential risks of N–loss from agriculture. The new LU ratings were used to assess the specific vulnerability of groundwa ...
base maps; lidar; markets; models; remote sensing; satellites; screening
Abstract:
...
A large amount high-resolution satellite imagery (HRSI) has been available in the commercial market because of its value in creating accurate base maps for various applications. As massive amounts of HRSI are acquired globally by satellites with short revisit times, automated but accurate georegistration is still required despite advances in precise orbit tracking and estimation. Motivated b ...
... Cloud shadows are a major problem in the detection of flood/standing water using satellite data. Because cloud shadows and flood/standing water have similar spectral characteristics, the traditional means of detection based on spectral properties may fail to distinguish them from each other accurately. Because clouds cast shadows over land, this phenomenon can be analysed using the geometric corre ...
El Nino; altitude; atmospheric precipitation; base maps; biogeography; data collection; drought; flora; forests; models; mountains; species diversity; temperature; Borneo
Abstract:
... This study provides a Borneo-wide, quantitative assessment of botanical richness and endemicity at a high spatial resolution, and based on actual collection data. To overcome the bias in collection effort, and to be able to predict the presence and absence of species, even for areas where no collections have been made, we constructed species distribution models (SDMs) for all species taxonomically ...
base maps; climate change; databases; ecosystems; geographic information systems; harvesting; logging; people; planning; population; spatial data; tropics; water quality; Solomon Islands
Abstract:
... Local perceptions of environmental and climate change, as well as associated adaptations made by local populations, are fundamental for designing comprehensive and inclusive mitigation and adaptation plans both locally and nationally. In this paper, we analyze people’s perceptions of environmental and climate-related transformations in communities across the Western Solomon Islands through ethnogr ...
base maps; engineering; engineers; fluids; geology; geometry; permeability; prediction
Abstract:
... Fractures and their connectivity are essential for fluid flow in low permeability formations. Geological outcrops can only provide two-dimensional (2D) information, but subsurface fractures are three-dimensional (3D). The percolation status of 3D fracture networks and their 2D cross-section maps are rarely investigated simultaneously. In this work, we construct 3D fracture networks with their geom ...
base maps; case studies; disaster preparedness; floods; questionnaires; risk perception; surveys; Chile
Abstract:
... The fact that an increasing number of people and local authorities are affected by natural hazards, especially floods, highlights the necessity of adequate mitigation and preparedness within disaster management. Many governments, though, have only insufficient monetary or technological capacities. One possible approach to tackle these issues is the acquisition of information by sketch maps complem ...
Dendroctonus ponderosae; Landsat; algorithms; anthropogenic activities; base maps; botanical composition; climate change; ecosystems; geography; linear models; mortality; prediction; residential housing; summer; temperature; time series analysis; Colorado; Rocky Mountain region
Abstract:
... The recent widespread mountain pine beetle (MPB) outbreak in the Southern Rocky Mountains presents an opportunity to investigate the relative influence of anthropogenic, biologic, and physical drivers that have shaped the spatiotemporal patterns of the outbreak. The aim of this study was to quantify the landscape-level drivers that explained the dynamic patterns of MPB mortality, and simulate area ...
... The Chang’e-4 (CE-4) lunar probe, the first soft landing spacecraft on the far side of the Moon, successfully landed in the Von Kármán crater on 3 January 2019. Geological studies of the landing area have been conducted and more intensive studies will be carried out with the in situ measured data. The chronological study of the maria basalt surrounding the CE-4 landing area is significant to the r ...
air pollution; base maps; bedrock; indoor environmental quality; linear models; permeability; radiometry; radon; regression analysis; soil chemistry; spectroscopy; Northern Ireland
Abstract:
... Publicly available information about radon potential in Northern Ireland is currently based on indoor radon results averaged over 1-km grid squares, an approach that does not take into account the geological origin of the radon. This study describes a spatially more accurate estimate of the radon potential of Northern Ireland using an integrated radon potential mapping method based on indoor radon ...
... Cotton root rot, caused by the soilborne fungus Phymatotrichum omnivorum, is a major cotton disease in the south western and south central United States. Accurate delineation of root rot infestations is necessary for site-specific management of the disease. The objective of this study was to compare airborne multispectral and hyperspectral imagery for detecting and mapping root rot areas in cotton ...
base maps; kriging; neural networks; problem solving; rain
Abstract:
... A design hyetograph which represents the time distribution of design rainfall depth corresponding to a duration and a return period is essential in hydrologic design. However, for locations without observed data (ungauged sites), construction of design hyetographs is a difficult task because of the lack of data. Hence, an approach based on self-organizing map (SOM) is proposed in this paper to con ...
Anopheles gambiae; base maps; carbamates; carboxylesterase; computer software; control methods; databases; geographic information systems; glutathione transferase; insect vectors; insecticide resistance; insecticides; issues and policy; malaria; mutation; organophosphorus compounds; pyrethrins; research institutions; resistance mechanisms; vector control; Kenya
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Insecticide resistance has emerged as one of the major challenges facing National Malaria Control Programmes in Africa. A well-coordinated national database on insecticide resistance (IRBase) can facilitate the development of effective strategies for managing insecticide resistance and sustaining the effectiveness of chemical-based vector control measures. The aim of this study was to ...