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You searched for: Subject term bioavailability Remove constraint Subject term: bioavailability Subject term bacteria Remove constraint Subject term: bacteria Text availability Citation in PubAg Remove constraint Text availability: Citation in PubAg
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1. Pharmacokinetics of tinidazole in the horse

Author:
S. PYÖRÄLÄ; T. KOTILAINEN; P. SILVENNOINEN; U. HÄNNINEN; M. MERO; L. KAARTINEN
Source:
Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics 1990 v.13 no.1 pp. 76-80
ISSN:
0140-7783
Subject:
absorption; bacteria; bioavailability; horses; oral administration; pharmacokinetics; tinidazole
Abstract:
... Serum tinidazole concentrations were monitored in five clinically healthy adult horses after intravenous (i.v.) and oral administration of the drug (15 mg/kg and 25 mg/kg, respectively). After i.v. administration, the mean residence time was 7.0 h, the elimination half‐life 5.2 h and the body clearance rate 1.6 ml/min/kg. The distribution volume was found to be 660 ml/kg. After oral administration ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2885.1990.tb00750.x

2. Chemical speciation of metal ion 5-aminosalicylic acid complexes in vivo

Author:
Lan Wu; David R. Williams
Source:
Chemical speciation and bioavailability 1993 v.5 no.2 pp. 61-66
ISSN:
0954-2299
Subject:
bacteria; bioavailability; chemical speciation; copper; dissociation; intestinal secretions; intestines; iron; ligands; metal ions; models; protons; sulfapyridine; zinc
Abstract:
... Sulfapyridine and 5-aminosalicylate ligands have been studied and formation constants for the latter with protons, zinc, cobaltous, cupric and ferric ions established by potentiometric or spectrophotometric approaches. Such data has been used in chemical speciation models of intestinal fluids to reveal that metal complexes are only weakly present in vivo, that the most bioavailable form is 5-ASAH2 ...
DOI:
10.1080/09542299.1993.11083204

3. Biodegradation Rate Enhancement of Hydrocarbons by an Oleophilic Fertilizer and a Rhamnolipid Biosurfactant

Author:
S. A. Churchill; R. A. Griffin; L. P. Jones; P. F. Churchill
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1995 v.24 no.1 pp. 19-28
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
Pseudomonas oleovorans; Pseudomonas putida; bacteria; beaches; bioavailability; biodegradation; bioremediation; biosurfactants; emulsifying; enzymes; fertilizers; hexadecane; mineralization; models; petroleum; phosphates; rhamnolipids; solubility; surface tension; toluene
Abstract:
... The oleophilic fertilizer Inipol EAP 22 and a microbial biosurfactant (rhamnolipid) were investigated for their ability to increase the rate of biodegradation of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons by pure bacterial cultures. Both Inipol EAP 22 and rhamnolipid were found to lower the surface tension of a phosphate buffered solution to 32 mN m⁻¹. Each surfactant dramatically increased the apparent ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1995.00472425002400010003x

4. Atrazine Mineralization in Laboratory-Aged Soil Microcosms Inoculated with s-Triazine-Degrading Bacteria

Author:
Mark Radosevich; Samuel J. Traina; Olli H. Tuovinen
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1997 v.26 no.1 pp. 206-214
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
atrazine; bacteria; bioavailability; biodegradation; centrifugation; conventional tillage; equations; evolution; high performance liquid chromatography; mineralization; no-tillage; soil; soil ecology; soil weathering
Abstract:
... An atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-s-triazine)-mineralizing bacterial isolate was used as a biological probe to investigate the effects of atrazine residence time on subsequent bioavailability and biodegradatlon. [U-¹⁴C-ring]-atrazine was reacted with sterile soils collected from long-term, experimental, no-till and conventional-tillage plots. After aging for 1 d to 3 mo, the atra ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1997.00472425002600010030x

5. Declining bioavailability and inappropriate estimation of risk of persistent compounds

Author:
Kelsey, J.W.; Alexander, M.
Source:
Environmental toxicology and chemistry 1997 v.16 no.3 pp. 582-585
ISSN:
0730-7268
Subject:
atrazine; risk; persistent organic pollutants; at-risk population; phenanthrenes; Eisenia fetida; bioavailability; risk estimate; soil pollution; soil; p-nitrophenol; solvents; earthworms; naphthalene; bacteria
Abstract:
... Earthworms (Eisenia foetida) assimilated decreasing amounts of atrazine, phenanthrene, and naphthalene that had been incubated for increasing periods of time in sterile soil. The amount of atrazine and phenanthrene removed from soil by mild extractants also decreased with time. The declines in bioavailability of the three compounds to earthworms and of naphthalene to bacteria were not reflected by ...
DOI:
10.1897/1551-5028(1997)016<0582:DBAIEO>2.3.CO;2

6. Factors affecting sequestration and bioavailability of phenanthrene in soils

Author:
White, J.C.; Kelsey, J.W.; Hatzinger, P.B.; Alexander, M.
Source:
Environmental toxicology and chemistry 1997 v.16 no.10 pp. 2040-2045
ISSN:
0730-7268
Subject:
mineralization; clay fraction; organic matter; phenanthrenes; bioavailability; environmental factors; biodegradation; earthworms; drying; bacteria; soil aggregates
Abstract:
... A study was conducted to determine factors affecting the sequestration and changes in bioavailability as phenanthrene persists in soils. Phenanthrene became sequestered in seven soils differing appreciably in organic matter and clay content as measured by earthworm uptake, bacterial mineralization, or extractability. Phenanthrene also became sequestered as it aged in soil aggregates of various siz ...
DOI:
10.1897/1551-5028(1997)016<2040:FASABO>2.3.CO;2

7. Bioavailability of water-polluting sulfonoaromatic compounds

Author:
Ruff, J.; Hitzler, T.; Rein, U.; Ritter, A.; Cook, A.M.
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 1999 v.52 no.3 pp. 446-450
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
Pseudomonas putida; bacteria; bioavailability; biodegradability; industrial applications; mixed culture; phenol; sulfonates
Abstract:
... Highly substituted arenesulfonates are chemically stable compounds with a range of industrial applications, and they are widely regarded as being poorly degradable. We did enrichment cultures for bacteria able to utilise the sulfonate moiety of 14 compounds, and we obtained mixed cultures that were able to desulfonate each compound. The products formed were usually identified as the corresponding ...
DOI:
10.1007/s002530051545
PubMed:
10531657

8. Correlation between biological and physical availabilities of phenanthrene in soils and soil humin in aging experiments

Author:
White, J.C.; Hunter, M.; Nam, K.; Pignatello, J.J.; Alexander, M.
Source:
Environmental toxicology and chemistry 1999 v.18 no.8 pp. 1720-1727
ISSN:
0730-7268
Subject:
mineralization; peat; sodium hydroxide; phenanthrenes; bioavailability; bacteria; peat soils; humin; biodegradation; earthworms; silt; desorption; United States
Abstract:
... The bioavailability of an organic compound in a soil or sediment commonly declines with the soil-chemical contact time (aging). A series of parallel desorption and bioavailability experiments was carried out on phenanthrene previously aged up to approximately 100 d in Mount Pleasant silt loam (Mt. Pleasant, NY, USA) or Pahokee peat soil to determine as a function of the aging period the degree of ...
DOI:
10.1897/1551-5028(1999)018<1720:CBBAPA>2.3.CO;2

9. Enhancing the bioavailability of organic compounds sequestered in soil and aquifer solids

Author:
White, J.C.; Alexander, M.; Pignatello, J.J.
Source:
Environmental toxicology and chemistry 1999 v.18 no.2 pp. 182-187
ISSN:
0730-7268
Subject:
phenanthrenes; bioavailability; anthracenes; soil; aquifers; phthalates; biodegradability; biodegradation; Pseudomonas; bacteria
Abstract:
... A study was conducted to find ways to increase the biodegradability of compounds that have aged in soil or aquifer material and become less bioavailable. Slurrying enhanced the rate and extent of biodegradation by individual bacterial strains of aged and unaged phenanthrene and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in soils and aquifer solids. After bacterial degradation of aged phenanthrene in unslurried so ...
DOI:
10.1897/1551-5028(1999)018<0182:ETBOOC>2.3.CO;2

10. Heavy metals bioremediation of soil

Author:
L. Diels; M. De Smet; L. Hooyberghs; P. Corbisier
Source:
Molecular biotechnology 1999 v.12 no.2 pp. 149-158
ISSN:
1073-6085
Subject:
Cupriavidus metallidurans; bacteria; bioavailability; biomass; bioremediation; biosensors; cadmium; copper; electrochemistry; emissions; factories; flocculation; heavy metals; leaching; lead; outer membrane proteins; polluted soils; salts; sandy soils; siderophores; slurries; solubilization; zinc; Europe
Abstract:
... Historical emissions of old nonferrous factories lead to large geographical areas of metals-contaminated sites. At least 50 sites in Europe are contaminated with metals like Zn, Cd, Cu, and Pb. Several methods, based on granular differentiation, were developed to reduce the metals content. However, the obtained cleaned soil is just sand. Methods based on chemical leaching or extraction or on elect ...
DOI:
10.1385/MB:12:2:149

11. Impact of Land Use on Microbial Transformations of Atrazine

Author:
C. Marjorie Aelion; Dana C. Cresci
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1999 v.28 no.2 pp. 683-691
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
alachlor; atrazine; bacteria; bioavailability; biomass; biotransformation; clay; environmental factors; golf courses; land use; mineralization; mixed culture; pesticide application; sand fraction; sediments; soil ecology; solid phase extraction; sorption; suburban areas; United States
Abstract:
... Atrazine has been one of the most heavily applied preemergent herbicides in the USA, and with alachlor, represents more than 45% (4.082 × 10⁶ kg) of total herbicide application in coastal U.S. counties. Several studies using bacterial isolates or mixed cultures have demonstrated that mineralization of atrazine [6-chloro-N-ethyl-N′-(1-methyl-ethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine] is rapid, yet in soil ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1999.00472425002800020037x

12. Mild extractability and bioavailability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil

Author:
Tang, J.; Alexander, M.
Source:
Environmental toxicology and chemistry 1999 v.18 no.12 pp. 2711-2714
ISSN:
0730-7268
Subject:
1-propanol; Eisenia fetida; anthracenes; bacteria; barley; bioavailability; biodegradation; butanol; earthworms; ethyl acetate; mixed culture; soil; solvents; wheat
Abstract:
... A study was conducted to determine the relationship between bioavailability of unaged and aged polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil and the amounts detected by mild solvent extraction. More aged than unaged anthracene remained in Lima loam following introduction of earthworms (Eisenia foetida), a mixed culture containing anthracene-degrading microorganisms, or earthworms or wheat after ...
DOI:
10.1897/1551-5028(1999)018<2711:MEABOP>2.3.CO;2

13. Digested Bacterial Cell Powder (DBCP) as a Source of Reduced-form Folates for Pigs: Use of a Trimethoprim-resistant Strain and the Bioavailability of Folates in DBCP

Author:
Yasuhiko TORIDE; Misa TOMINAGA; Hiroshi TAKEUCHI; Shigeyoshi MIYASHIRO; Yasuharu MIZUNO; Eiichi KOKUE
Source:
Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry 2001 v.65 no.5 pp. 1090-1094
ISSN:
1347-6947
Subject:
Corynebacterium glutamicum; bacteria; bioavailability; biotechnology; folic acid; miniature swine; mutants
Abstract:
... The production of digested bacterial cell powder (DBCP) as a source of reduced-form folates for pigs was studied. Trimethoprim-resistant mutants of Brevibacterium lactofermentum ATCC 13869 accumulated a significantly higher amount of the reduced form of folate in the cells than the wild-type strain. DBCPs were prepared from the resistant mutant strain and the wild-type strain. The utilization of t ...
DOI:
10.1271/bbb.65.1090

14. Phenanthrene Degradation in Soils Co-Inoculated with Phenanthrene-Degrading and Biosurfactant-Producing Bacteria

Author:
Stacy M. Dean; Yan Jin; Daniel K. Cha; Sviatlana V. Wilson; Mark Radosevich
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2001 v.30 no.4 pp. 1126-1133
ISSN:
1537-2537
Subject:
Endoaquults; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; bacteria; bioavailability; biodegradation; biosurfactants; hydrophobicity; micelles; mineralization; phenanthrenes; rhamnolipids; sandy loam soils; sorption
Abstract:
... Contaminant sorption within the soil matrix frequently limits biodegradation. However, contaminant bioavailability can be species-specific. This study investigated bioavailability of phenanthrene (PHE) to two PHE-degrading bacteria (Pseudomonas strain R and isolate P5-2) in the presence of rhamnolipid biosurfactant and/or a biosurfactant-producing bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027. Pseud ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2001.3041126x

15. Plant Contamination by Organic Pollutants in Phytoremediation

Author:
Kijune Sung; M.Yavuz Corapcioglu; M.C. Drew; C.L. Munster
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2001 v.30 no.6 pp. 2081-2090
ISSN:
1537-2537
Subject:
Sorghum halepense; bacteria; bioavailability; microbial activity; models; phytoremediation; plants (botany); pollutants; rhizosphere; roots; shoots; soil organic carbon; soil properties; soil remediation; solubility; trinitrotoluene; volatilization
Abstract:
... Phytoremediation is a remediation technique that involves plant uptake, transformation, accumulation, and/or volatilization of soil- and aqueous-phase contaminants or by the stimulation of microbial cometabolic activity in the rhizosphere of the plant. Even when the principal mechanism is by stimulation of bacteria, any resultant plant contamination cannot be overlooked. For the purpose of modelin ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2001.2081

16. Distribution of Capsulated Bacterioplankton in the North Atlantic and North Sea

Author:
K.E. Stoderegger; G.J. Herndl
Source:
Microbial ecology 2002 v.44 no.2 pp. 154-163
ISSN:
0095-3628
Subject:
bacteria; bacterioplankton; bioavailability; chlorophyll; dissolved organic carbon; eutrophication; laboratory experimentation; nutrients; polysaccharides; seawater; surface water; North Sea
Abstract:
... : In laboratory experiments, bacterioplankton were incubated under different nutrient conditions, and the percentage of bacteria exhibiting a polysaccharidic capsule (capsulated bacteria) and that of CTC (cyanotetrazolium chloride)-positive and therefore metabolically highly active bacteria were determined. In these seawater cultures amended with nutrients more than 95% of the CTC-positive cells e ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00248-002-0008-5

17. Effects of randomly methylated-beta-cyclodextrins (RAMEB) on the bioavailability and aerobic biodegradation of polychlorinated biphenyls in three pristine soils spiked with a transformer oil

Author:
Fava, F.; Ciccotosto, V.F.
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 2002 v.58 no.3 pp. 393-399
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
bacteria; bioavailability; biodegradation; bioremediation; coculture; cyclodextrins; dechlorination; ecotoxicology; oils; pollutants; polychlorinated biphenyls; soil amendments; soil ecology; soil microorganisms; soil treatment; soil water
Abstract:
... The low bioavailability of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in soils often results in their slow and partial aerobic biodegradation. The process can be enhanced by supplementing soils with cyclodextrins. However, pure cyclodextrins are expensive and we have therefore explored the use of a less costly technical-grade mixture of randomly methylated-beta-cyclodextrins (RAMEB). RAMEB was tested at 0, ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00253-001-0882-7
PubMed:
11935193

18. Increasing Bioavailability of Phosphorus from Fly Ash through Vermicomposting

Author:
S. S. Bhattacharya; G. N. Chattopadhyay
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2002 v.31 no.6 pp. 2116-2119
ISSN:
1537-2537
Subject:
Eisenia fetida; bacteria; bioavailability; cattle manure; cows; earthworms; feces; fly ash; nutrients; organic matter; phosphorus; recycling; soil; soil amendments; vermicomposting
Abstract:
... Due to the environmental problems created by large-scale fly ash generation throughout the world, efforts are being made to recycle these materials. An important component of the recycling effort is using fly ash to improve low-fertility soils. Because availability of many nutrients is very low in fly ash, available ranges of such nutrients must be improved to increase the effectiveness of fly ash ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2002.2116
PubMed:
12469864

19. Plasma pharmacokinetics and tissue fluid concentrations of meropenem after intravenous and subcutaneous administration in dogs

Author:
Bidgood, Tara; Papich, Mark G.
Source:
American journal of veterinary research 2002 v.63 no.12 pp. 1622-1628
ISSN:
0002-9645
Subject:
adults; bacteria; bioavailability; cross-over studies; dogs; half life; high performance liquid chromatography; intravenous injection; minimum inhibitory concentration; pharmacokinetics; protein binding; subcutaneous injection; ultrafiltration; urine
Abstract:
... Objective-To estimate pharmacokinetic variables and measure tissue fluid concentrations of meropenem after IV and SC administration in dogs. Animals-6 healthy adult dogs. Procedure-Dogs were administered a single dose of meropenem (20 mg/kg) IV and SC in a crossover design. To characterize the distribution of meropenem in dogs and to evaluate a unique tissue fluid collection method, an in vivo ult ...
DOI:
10.2460/ajvr.2002.63.1622

20. Summer inputs of riverine nutrients to the baltic sea: bioavailability and eutrophication relevance

Author:
Ramûnas Stepanauskas; Niels O. G. JØrgensen; Ole R. Eigaard; Audrius Žvikas; Lars J. Tranvik; Lars Leonardson
Source:
Ecological monographs 2002 v.72 no.4 pp. 579-597
ISSN:
0012-9615
Subject:
absorbance; algae; amino acids; bacteria; bacterioplankton; bioassays; bioavailability; carbon nitrogen ratio; coastal water; coasts; dissolved organic matter; dissolved organic nitrogen; drainage; eutrophication; fluorescence; food webs; free amino acids; freshwater; inorganic phosphorus; mineralization; nutrients; oceans; organic phosphorus; primary productivity; regrowth; rivers; summer; urea; vascular plants; watersheds; Baltic Sea
Abstract:
... Most nitrogen and phosphorus transported by world rivers to the oceans is associated with dissolved organic matter. However, organic matter as a potential source of N and P has hitherto been largely neglected in studies of coastal microbial food webs. We examined 50 rivers, draining a major part of the Baltic Sea watershed, with respect to summer concentrations, chemical composition, and biologica ...
DOI:
10.1890/0012-9615(2002)072[0579:SIORNT]2.0.CO;2