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You searched for: Subject term biodegradation Remove constraint Subject term: biodegradation Subject term bacteria Remove constraint Subject term: bacteria
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1. Effect of composting on the chemical and biological changes in peat and in wheat straw

Author:
Baur, A.J.
Source:
Agronomy journal 1934 v.26 no.10 pp. 820-830
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
chemical composition; peat; ammonia; superphosphate; animal manures; Thespesia; bacteria; wheat straw; nitrites; pH; biodegradation; calcium carbonate; potassium chloride; ammonium sulfate; composting; nitrates; fungi
Abstract:
... An experiment showing the result of composting two mucks, a peat, and a straw has been described. Fertilizer salts, lime, and manure inoculum were used as supplements. Chemical and biological changes in the variously treated composts were studied by determining the amount of nitrate and ammonia nitrogen and the number of heterotrophic micro-organisms at various intervals. Hydrogen-ion concentratio ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1934.00021962002600100002x

2. Studies on Cellulolytic Micro-Organisms : Part I: Microflora Associated With the Degradation of Cotton in Storage in Bombay

Author:
S.M. Betrabet; Usha P. Dasani; Indira G. Bhatt
Source:
Textile research journal 1968 v.38 no.12 pp. 1189-1197
ISSN:
0040-5175
Subject:
cotton; textile fibers; myxobacteria; Trichoderma; odors; Stachybotrys; cellulose; Nocardia; humidity; enrichment culture; nutrient requirements; biodegradation; Streptomyces; Myrothecium; Chaetomium; fabrics; Cellvibrio; fungi; India
Abstract:
... Microbial degradation of cotton indigenous to the Bombay region of India was investi gated, with particular emphasis on cellulolytic nonfungal micro-organisms. About 76 bacteria, 49 actinomycetes, and 38 fungi were isolated by the enrichment culture technique from a arge number of cotton and fabric samples suspected of micro biological damage. Well known cellulolytic fungi belonging to genera Myro ...
DOI:
10.1177/004051756803801205

3. Edaphic Aspects of the Disposal of Unused Pesticides, Pesticide Wastes, and Pesticide Containers

Author:
B. J. Stojanovic; M. V. Kennedy; F. L. Shuman
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1972 v.1 no.1 pp. 54-62
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
Streptomyces; active ingredients; arsenic; bacteria; bacterial growth; biodegradability; biodegradation; bromine; carbon dioxide; containers; fungi; liquids; pesticides; plate count; soil; soil microorganisms; toxic substances; wastes; zinc
Abstract:
... With a view toward the disposal of large quantities of pesticides in the soil, the biodegradation and the effects on the soil microflora of 20 single analytical grade and formulated pesticides and 7 mixtures of formulations were investigated in a calcareous West Point loam. The soil was amended with 11,227 kg/ha (5 tons/acre) of the respective active ingredient(s) and subsequently incubated for 56 ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1972.00472425000100010014x

4. Evaluation de la degradation de deux types de tanin condense par des bacteries isolees d'ecorces en decomposition

Author:
Deschamps, A.M.
Source:
Canadian journal of microbiology 1985 v.31 no.5 pp. 499-502
ISSN:
0008-4166
Subject:
tannins; bacteria; biodegradation; bark
DOI:
10.1139/m85-092

5. Reasons for the Acclimation for 2,4-D Biodegradation in Lake Water

Author:
Shaojin Chen; Martin Alexander
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1989 v.18 no.2 pp. 153-156
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
2,4-D; Protozoa; acclimation; bacteria; biodegradation; cycloheximide; enzymes; grazing intensity; lakes; mutants; nystatin; population size
Abstract:
... A study was undertaken to determine reasons for the occurrence of an acclimation period for the biodegradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate (2,4-D) in lake water. The length of the acclimation period was not affected by removal of larger protozoa from the water or the presence of cycloheximide and nystatin. The population of 2,4-D-degrading bacteria increased long before 2,4-D loss was detected, ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1989.00472425001800020004x

6. Microbial Transformation of 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloropropane (DBCP)

Author:
Raanan A. Bloom; Martin Alexander
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1990 v.19 no.4 pp. 722-726
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
DBCP (pesticide); Pseudomonas putida; aquifers; bacteria; biodegradation; biological treatment; carbon dioxide; chlorinated fatty acids; fatty acids; groundwater; methane; oxygen; pollutants; subsoil; water supply
Abstract:
... A once widely used nematicide that is now banned, 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP), persists in groundwaters and is a significant pollutant in some water supplies. A study was conducted to determine whether a means for the biodegradation of this persistent compound could be devised. DBCP was not converted to organic products, halide, or CO₂ in unamended samples of soil, subsoil material, or grou ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1990.00472425001900040015x

7. Effect of Diffusion on the Kinetics of Biodegradation: Experimental Results with Synthetic Aggregates

Author:
Kate M. Scow; Martin Alexander
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1992 v.56 no.1 pp. 128-134
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Pseudomonas; bacteria; biodegradation; carbon; chromatography; enzyme kinetics; glutamic acid; isotope labeling; kaolinite; kinetics; mass transfer; p-nitrophenol; phenol; physical properties; prediction; radionuclides; simulation models; soil
Abstract:
... The rates of biodegradation in soil often do not conform to the predictions of kinetic models, such as the first-order and Michaelis-Menten models, developed to describe metabolic processes occurring in solutions in which microorganisms and their substrates are well mixed. To test whether the kinetics of biodegradation in the presence of aggregates could be described by explicitly accounting for c ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1992.03615995005600010020x

8. Effect of Sorption on the Biodegradation of Quinoline

Author:
S. C. Smith; C. C. Ainsworth; S. J. Traina; R. J. Hicks
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1992 v.56 no.3 pp. 737-746
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
anaerobic conditions; bacteria; biodegradation; biotransformation; clay; creosote; desorption; mineralization; quinoline; smectite; spectral analysis; wastes
Abstract:
... Quinoline is an N-containing heterocyclic contaminant associated with creosote wastes and may be biologically degraded under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Quinoline-degrading bacteria were utilized to investigate the rate of quinoline desorption from smectite clay at low surface concentrations and its subsequent mineralization. Fluorescence spectroscopy and ¹⁴C-quinoline mineralization techniq ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1992.03615995005600030011x

9. Effect of an anaerobic bacterial consortium isolated from termites on the degradation of olive-mill waste-water

Author:
Hamdi, M.; Brauman, A.; Garcia, J.L.
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 1992 v.37 no.3 pp. 408-410
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
Aspergillus niger; olive oil; wastewater; bacteria; biodegradation
Abstract:
... A microbial consortium obtained by enrichment culture on syringate of termite gut material was used to improve the anaerobic degradation of olive-mill waste-water (OMW). Addition of the consortium (1/4 v/v) to the control inoculum originating from waste-water sludge, increased methane production by 50% over the control during anaerobic digestion of OMW prefermented by Aspergillus niger. This incre ...
DOI:
10.1007/BF00211003

10. Enhanced Acetylene Biodegradation in Soil with History of Exposure to the Gas

Author:
Richard E. Terry; Ronald W. Leavitt
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1992 v.56 no.5 pp. 1477-1481
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
acetylene; aerobes; air; bacteria; biodegradation; enzymes; metabolism; soil; soil microorganisms; soil sampling
Abstract:
... Enhanced biodegradation of acetylene (C₂H₂) in soils could affect experimental assays of N transformations when the gas is employed to inhibit specific enzymes. This study was conducted to examine enhanced biodegradation of C₂H₂ in field soils with histories of exposure to the gas and to isolate and identify the C₂H₂-metabolizing microbes. Soil samples from field sites previously exposed to C₂H₂ a ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1992.03615995005600050023x

11. Microbial Degradation of Cca-Treated Cooling Tower Timbers

Author:
A.P. Singh; M.E. Hedley; D.R. Page; C.S. Han; K. Atisongkroh
Source:
IAWA journal v.13 no.2 pp. 215-231
ISSN:
0928-1541
Subject:
Pinus radiata; bacteria; biodegradation; biofilm; cooling; cooling towers; soft-rot fungi; transmission electron microscopy; wood; wood anatomy
Abstract:
... Transmission electron microscopy of decaying CCA-treated Pinus radiata timbers from an industrial water cooling tower showed the presence of a thick biofilm covering some areas of the wood. The biofilm contained various morphologically distinct forms of microorganisms embedded in a slime. The study provided evidence of the activity of soft rot fungi and tunnelling and erosion bacteria in wood cell ...
DOI:
10.1163/22941932-90001271

12. Aerobic mineralization of chlorobenzoates by a natural polychlorinated biphenyl-degrading mixed bacterial culture

Author:
Fava, F.; Di Gioia, D.; Marchetti, L.; Quattroni, G.; Marraffa, V.
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 1993 v.40 no.4 pp. 541-548
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
bacteria; mineralization; benzoates; biodegradation; herbicides
Abstract:
... A natural mixed aerobic bacterial culture, designated MIXE1, was found to be capable of degrading several low-chlorinated biphenyls when 4-chlorobiphenyl was used as a co-substrate. MIXE1 was capable of using all the three monochlorobenzoate (CBA) isomers tested as well as 2,5-, 3,4- and 3,5-dichlorobenzoate (dCBA) as the sole carbon and energy source. During MIXE1 growth on these substrates, a ne ...
DOI:
10.1007/BF00175746

13. Biodegradation of chlorobenzene by indigenous bacteria

Author:
Nishino, S.F.; Spain, J.C.; Pettigrew, C.A.
Source:
Environmental toxicology and chemistry 1994 v.13 no.6 pp. 871-877
ISSN:
0730-7268
Subject:
soil bacteria; soil pollution; groundwater contamination; bioreactors; bioremediation; biodegradation; aromatic hydrocarbons
DOI:
10.1897/1552-8618(1994)13[871:BOCBIB]2.0.CO;2

14. Construction of a DNA probe to detect isoquinoline-degrading bacteria

Author:
Richards, N.K.; Mahanty, H.K.; Aislabie, J.
Source:
Canadian journal of microbiology 1994 v.40 no.7 pp. 561-566
ISSN:
0008-4166
Subject:
heterocyclic nitrogen compounds; biodegradation; bacteria; DNA probes; transposons; mutagenesis; mutants; bioassays
DOI:
10.1139/m94-090
PubMed:
8076251

15. Degradation of nitroaromatic compounds by microorganisms

Author:
Marvin-Sikkema, F.D.; Bont, J.A.M. de.
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 1994 v.42 no.4 pp. 499-507
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
organic nitrogen compounds; bacteria; fungi; biodegradation
Abstract:
... Nitroaromatic compounds are abundantly present in nature, but are in most cases highly toxic to living organisms. Several microorganisms, however, are capable of mineralizing or converting these compounds. Until now four pathways for the complete degradation of nitroaromatics have been described, which start with either the oxygenolytic or reductive removal of the nitro group from the aromatic rin ...
DOI:
10.1007/BF00173912
PubMed:
7765729

16. Description of bacteria able to degrade isoquinoline in pure culture

Author:
Aislabie, J.; Richards, N.K.; Lyttle, T.C.
Source:
Canadian journal of microbiology 1994 v.40 no.7 pp. 555-560
ISSN:
0008-4166
Subject:
Comamonadaceae; bioremediation; heterocyclic nitrogen compounds; biodegradation; strains; bacteria
DOI:
10.1139/m94-089
PubMed:
8076250

17. Fate of atrazine in biologically active granular activated carbon

Author:
Selim, M.I.; Wang, J.
Source:
Environmental toxicology and chemistry 1994 v.13 no.1 pp. 3-8
ISSN:
0730-7268
Subject:
atrazine; metabolites; activated carbon; sand; water filters; bacteria; biodegradation; drinking water; groundwater contamination
DOI:
10.1897/1552-8618(1994)13[3:FOAIBA]2.0.CO;2

18. Increased removal capacity for 1,2-dichloroethane by biological modification of the granular activated carbon process

Author:
Stucki, G.; Thuer, M.
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 1994 v.42 no.1 pp. 167-172
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
ethylene dichloride; bacteria; biodegradation; adsorption; groundwater; groundwater contamination
Abstract:
... The removal of 5 mg l-1 1,2-dichloroethane [(CH2Cl)2] was studied in two granular activated carbon (GAC) reactors run with hydraulic retention times of below 1 h. One reactor was operated abiotically. The other one was inoculated with microorganisms able to degrade (CH2Cl)2. While the (CH2Cl)2-adsorption capacity of the non-inoculated GAC reactor was exhausted after 20 days, it apparently did not ...
DOI:
10.1007/BF00170241
PubMed:
7765815

19. Phosphate‐solubilizing bacteria associated with proteoid roots of seedlings of waratah [Telopea speciosissima (Sm.) R.Br.]

Author:
C. L. WENZEL; A. E. ASHFORD; B. A. SUMMERELL
Source:
new phytologist 1994 v.128 no.3 pp. 487-496
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
solubilization; calcium phosphates; acidification; seedlings; culture media; soil; cultured cells; pH; biodegradation; Telopea speciosissima; plant morphology; roots; bacteria
Abstract:
... Bacteria isolated from proteoid roots and non‐proteoid lateral roots of Telopea speciosissima (Sm.) R.Br. seedlings were able to acidify the medium and solubilize calcium phosphates when grown in culture in the presence of ammonium salts and an appropriate carbon source. In general this activity was not detected when NO₃⁻ was substituted for NH₄⁺, and it is proposed that protons were secreted in e ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1469-8137.1994.tb02995.x

20. A comparison of organochlorine removal from bleached kraft pulp and paper-mill effluents by dehalogenating Pseudomonas, Ancylobacter and Methylobacterium strains

Author:
Fulthorpe, R.R.; Allen, D.G.
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 1995 v.42 no.5 pp. 782-789
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
Ancylobacter aquaticus; hardwood; softwood; organochlorine compounds; biodegradation; dechlorination; Pseudomonas; pulp and paper mill effluents; bacteria
Abstract:
... The relative importance of each of three dechlorinating species to overall organochlorine removal from bleached kraft-mill effluents (BKME) was assessed. Ancylobacter aquaticus A7, Pseudomonas P1, and Methylobacterium CP13, strains indigenous to a BKME treatment system, were tested for growth on chlorinated acetic acids and alcohols, and for adsorbable organic halogen (AOX) reduction in batch cult ...
DOI:
10.1007/BF00171962
PubMed:
7765918

21. Biodegradation Rate Enhancement of Hydrocarbons by an Oleophilic Fertilizer and a Rhamnolipid Biosurfactant

Author:
S. A. Churchill; R. A. Griffin; L. P. Jones; P. F. Churchill
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1995 v.24 no.1 pp. 19-28
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
Pseudomonas oleovorans; Pseudomonas putida; bacteria; beaches; bioavailability; biodegradation; bioremediation; biosurfactants; emulsifying; enzymes; fertilizers; hexadecane; mineralization; models; petroleum; phosphates; rhamnolipids; solubility; surface tension; toluene
Abstract:
... The oleophilic fertilizer Inipol EAP 22 and a microbial biosurfactant (rhamnolipid) were investigated for their ability to increase the rate of biodegradation of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons by pure bacterial cultures. Both Inipol EAP 22 and rhamnolipid were found to lower the surface tension of a phosphate buffered solution to 32 mN m⁻¹. Each surfactant dramatically increased the apparent ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1995.00472425002400010003x

22. Biodegradation of chlorophenols by mixed and pure cultures from a fluidized-bed reactor

Author:
Puhakka, J.A.; Herwig, R.P.; Koro, P.M.; Wolfe, G.V.; Ferguson, J.F.
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 1995 v.42 no.6 pp. 951-957
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
mineralization; pentachlorophenol; phenols; bioreactors; pollutants; biocides; cultured cells; biodegradation; bacteria
Abstract:
... An aerobic, continuous-flow fluidized-bed reactor was established with inoculum from activated sludge, and fed a mixture of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP), 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol (TeCP) and pentachlorophenol (PCP) as the sole sources of carbon and energy for 2 years. Experiments with the enrichment were performed with material from the reactor. Later, degradation experiments were completed using p ...
DOI:
10.1007/BF00191196
PubMed:
7766093

23. Biotechnological management of coffee pulp - isolation, screening, characterization, selection of caffeine-degrading fungi and natural microflora present in coffee pulp and husk

Author:
Roussos, S.; Aquiahuatl, M. de los Angeles.; Trejo-Hernandez, M. del Refugio.; Perraud, I.G.; Favela, E.; Ramakrishna, M.; Raimbault, M.; Viniegra-Gonzalez, G.
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 1995 v.42 no.5 pp. 756-762
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
caffeine; coffee (beverage); bacteria; yeasts; coffee pulp; pollutants; cultural soil types; Coffea; biodegradation; screening; hulls; leaves; Mexico
Abstract:
... A total of 272 strains of filamentous fungi were isolated from soil, leaves of coffee plants and coffee cherries collected in coffee-growing areas of Mexico on three semi-synthetic culture media containing coffee extract, coffee extract with sucrose and coffee pulp extract. The isolated strains were purified by conventional techniques and identified by microscopic examination. Strains were selecte ...
DOI:
10.1007/BF00171958

24. Effect of Aliphatic Nonaqueous Phase Liquids on Naphthalene Biodegradation in Multiphase Systems

Author:
A. P. Gamerdinger; R. S. Achin; R. W. Traxler
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1995 v.24 no.6 pp. 1150-1156
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
aerobic conditions; aquifers; bacteria; biodegradation; carbon dioxide; carbon dioxide production; decane; hexadecane; hexane; hydrophobicity; inoculum; kinetics; mineralization; naphthalene; nonaqueous phase liquids; octane; slurries; sorption
Abstract:
... Biodegradation of naphthalene by a Coryneform bacterium was examined in multiphase aqueous slurry systems containing a nonaqueous phase liquid (NAPL). The evolution of ¹⁴CO₂ provided an index of biodegradation under aerobic conditions. The effect of NAPL hydrophobicity was evaluated by considering a homologous series of n-alkanes (C6–C16). Experiments were conducted in NAPL-water and soil-NAPL-wat ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1995.00472425002400060014x

25. Fate of microbial metabolites of hydrocarbons in a coastal plain aquifer: the role of electron acceptors

Author:
Cozzarelli, I.M.; Herman, J.S.; Baedecker, M.J.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 1995 v.29 no.2 pp. 458-469
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
petroleum; metabolism; groundwater contamination; sulfates; hydrocarbons; iron; electron transfer; aquifers; nitrates; oxidation; aromatic acids; biodegradation; bacteria; New Jersey
DOI:
10.1021/es00002a023
PubMed:
22201393

26. Glyphosate-degrading isolates from environmental samples: occurrence and pathways of degradation

Author:
Dick, R.E.; Quinn, J.P.
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 1995 v.43 no.3 pp. 545-550
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
glyphosate; soil; bacteria; biodegradation; metabolism; biochemical pathways; river water
Abstract:
... The metabolism of the organophosphonate herbicide glyphosate was investigated in 163 environmental bacterial strains, obtained by a variety of isolation strategies from sites with or without prior exposure to the compound. Isolates able to use glyphosate as sole phosphorus source were more common at a treated site, but much less abundant than those capable of using the glyphosate metabolite aminom ...
DOI:
10.1007/BF00218464
PubMed:
7632402

27. Growth of an aerobic bacterium with trichloroacetic acid as the sole source of energy and carbon

Author:
Yu, P.; Welander, T.
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 1995 v.42 no.5 pp. 769-774
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
metabolism; biodegradation; trichloroacetic acid; yields; bacteria; aerobes
Abstract:
... The aerobic microbial decomposition of trichloroacetic acid (TCA) was studied. A TCA-decomposing culture was enriched in continuous-flow and batch experiments on a medium containing TCA as the only organic component. Pure cultures of TCA degraders were isolated from the enrichment on TCA agar plates. Characterization of several isolates proved them all to be representatives of the same bacterium, ...
DOI:
10.1007/BF00171960

28. Microbial transformations and biological effects of fungicide-derived benzothiazoles determined in industrial wastewater

Author:
Reemtsma, T.; Fiehn, O.; Kalnowski, G.; Jekel, M.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 1995 v.29 no.2 pp. 478-485
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
biological treatment; metabolism; Vibrio fischeri; bacteria; wastewater treatment; bioassays; tannery waste; TCMTB (pesticide); biodegradation; toxicity; metabolites
DOI:
10.1021/es00002a025
PubMed:
22201395

29. Monitoring the biological treatment of anthracene-contaminated soil in a rotating-drum bioreactor

Author:
Banerjee, D.K.; Fedorak, P.M.; Hashimoto, A.; Masliyah, J.H.; Pickard, M.A.; Gray, M.R.
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 1995 v.43 no.3 pp. 521-528
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
mineralization; clay soils; soil pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; bioreactors; bioremediation; biodegradation; bacteria
Abstract:
... A 2-kg-capacity rotating-drum reactor was used for biological conversion of nearly insoluble organic contaminants in soil. The rotating motion allowed effective operation at a solids content of over 60% by weight. A mixed bacterial culture was used to degrade anthracene that had been impregnated into a representative high-clay soil. The activity of the culture was sustained over a period of months ...
DOI:
10.1007/BF00218460

30. Rapid toluene mineralization by aquifer microorganisms at Adak, Alaska: implications for intrinsic bioremediation in cold environments

Author:
Bradley, P.M.; Chapelle, F.H.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 1995 v.29 no.11 pp. 2778-2781
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
aquifers; groundwater contamination; toluene; metabolism; mineralization; biodegradation; aerobes; bacteria; bioremediation; cold; Alaska
DOI:
10.1021/es00011a012
PubMed:
22206524

31. Reduction of nitroaromatic compounds coupled to microbial iron reduction in laboratory aquifer columns

Author:
Heijman, C.G.; Grieder, E.; Holliger, C.; Schwarzenbach, R.P.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 1995 v.29 no.3 pp. 775-783
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
groundwater contamination; iron; models; organic nitrogen compounds; aquifers; biodegradation; benzene; bacteria
DOI:
10.1021/es00003a027
PubMed:
22200288

32. Structural and functional characterization of a stable, 4-chlorosalicylic-acid-degrading, bacterial community in a chemostat

Author:
Thakur, I.S.
Source:
World journal of microbiology & biotechnology 1995 v.11 no.6 pp. 643-645
ISSN:
0959-3993
Subject:
sediments; pollutants; biodegradation; bacteria; salicylic acids
DOI:
10.1007/BF00361007
PubMed:
24415012

33. An overview of microbial research related to high-level nuclear waste disposal with emphasis on the Canadian concept for the disposal of nuclear fuel waste

Author:
Stroes-Gascoyne, S.; West, J.M.
Source:
Canadian journal of microbiology 1996 v.42 no.4 pp. 349-366
ISSN:
0008-4166
Subject:
waste disposal; radionuclides; soil bacteria; soil pollution; groundwater contamination; gas production (biological); rocks; fallow; biodegradation; metals; containers; soil parent materials; Canada
DOI:
10.1139/m96-051

34. Biotransformation at 10 degrees C of Di-n-butyl phthalate in subsurface microcosms

Author:
Chauret, C.; Inniss, W.E.; Mayfield, C.I.
Source:
Ground water 1996 v.34 no.5 pp. 791-794
ISSN:
0017-467X
Subject:
groundwater contamination; pollutants; dibutyl phthalate; biodegradation; redox potential; bacteria; aerobic conditions; anaerobic conditions; nitrates; sulfates; nutrient availability; aquifers; temperature; sediments; Ontario
Abstract:
... Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) was found to be transformed by microorganisms under aerobic and anaerobic conditions at 10 degrees C in microcosms simulating the Canadian Forces Base (CFB) Borden subsurface environment. Biotransformation of DBP was observed under aerobic, nitrate-reducing, Fe (III)-reducing, and sulfate-reducing conditions. The biotransformation of DBP in the microcosms was significant ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1745-6584.1996.tb02072.x

35. In vitro degradation of dicyclopentadiene by microbial consortia isolated from hydrocarbon-contaminated soil

Author:
Stehmeier, L.G.; Jack, T.R.; Voordouw, G.
Source:
Canadian journal of microbiology 1996 v.42 no.10 pp. 1051-1060
ISSN:
0008-4166
Subject:
screening; mineralization; metabolism; soil bacteria; organic compounds; bioremediation; pollutants; biodegradation; odors; polluted soils; metabolites
DOI:
10.1139/m96-135
PubMed:
8890482

36. Influence of chlorobenzoates on the utilisation of chlorobiphenyls and chlorobenzoate mixtures by chlorobiphenyl/chlorobenzoate-mineralising hybrid bacterial strains

Author:
Stratford, J.; Wright, M.A.; Reineke, W.; Mokross, H.; Havel, J.; Knowles, C.J.; Robinson, G.K.
Source:
Archives of microbiology 1996 v.165 no.3 pp. 213-218
ISSN:
0302-8933
Subject:
mineralization; metabolism; hybrids; Burkholderia cepacia; substrate specificity; organochlorine pesticides; benzoates; herbicides; polychlorinated biphenyls; metabolites; biodegradation; mixtures; Pseudomonas putida; bacteria
Abstract:
... Chlorobenzoates (CBA) arise as intermediates during the degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and some chlorinated herbicides. Since PCBs were produced as complex mixtures, a range of mono-, di-, and possibly trichloro-substituted benzoates would be formed. Chlorobenzoate degradation has been proposed to be one of the rate-limiting steps in the overall PCB-degradation process. Three hybr ...
DOI:
10.1007/s002030050318
PubMed:
8599540

37. Isolation and description of carbazole-degrading bacteria

Author:
Shotbolt-Brown, J.; Hunter, D.W.F.; Aislabie, J.
Source:
Canadian journal of microbiology 1996 v.42 no.1 pp. 79-82
ISSN:
0008-4166
Subject:
bacteria; carbazoles; biodegradation; mineralization; bioremediation
DOI:
10.1139/m96-012
PubMed:
8595601

38. Molecular aspects of pesticide degradation by microorganisms

Author:
Kumar, S.; Mukerji, K.G.; Lal, R.
Source:
Critical reviews in microbiology 1996 v.22 no.1 pp. 1-26
ISSN:
1040-841X
Subject:
recombinant DNA; polluted soils; soil pollution; bioremediation; genetic engineering; biodegradation; pesticides; bacteria
DOI:
10.3109/10408419609106454
PubMed:
8729958

39. Parathion Degradation by Xanthomonas sp. and Its Crude Enzyme Extract in Clay Suspensions

Author:
Segula Masaphy; Tzion Fahima; Dan Levanon; Yigal Henis; Uri Mingelgrin
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1996 v.25 no.6 pp. 1248-1255
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
Xanthomonas; adsorption; albumins; bacteria; biodegradation; clay; desorption; enzymatic hydrolysis; enzyme activity; enzyme inactivation; hydrolysis; parathion; soil degradation; soil water
Abstract:
... The degradation of parathion by a Xanthomonas sp. and by its crude enzyme extract in the presence of Na-montmorillonite and albumin, were studied to determine the influence of both organic and inorganic macrospecies on the availability of parathion (O,O diethyl-O-p-nitrophenyl phosphorothioate) for biological degradation in soil and water. Parathion hydrolysis, both by the bacterium and by its cru ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1996.00472425002500060012x

40. Starch-based extruded plastic films and evaluation of their biodegradable properties

Author:
Arevalo-Nino, K.; Sandoval, C.F.; Galan, L.J.; Imam, S.H.; Gordon, S.H.; Greene, R.V.
Source:
Biodegradation 1996 v.7 no.3 pp. 231-237
ISSN:
0923-9820
Subject:
biodegradation; weight; chemical composition; bacteria; pollution control; corn starch; plastic film; river water
Abstract:
... Plastic formulations containing up to 40% starch were prepared and blown into thin films using extrusion methods. Extruded films were evaluated for their biodegradability by exposing them to a consortium of starch degrading bacteria in the laboratory for 45 days and in the 'La Silla' river located in Monterrey, N.L. Mexico for up to 60 days. Biodegradability was assessed by measuring changes in we ...
Handle:
10113/25139
DOI:
10.1007/BF00058182

41. Atrazine Mineralization in Laboratory-Aged Soil Microcosms Inoculated with s-Triazine-Degrading Bacteria

Author:
Mark Radosevich; Samuel J. Traina; Olli H. Tuovinen
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1997 v.26 no.1 pp. 206-214
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
atrazine; bacteria; bioavailability; biodegradation; centrifugation; conventional tillage; equations; evolution; high performance liquid chromatography; mineralization; no-tillage; soil; soil ecology; soil weathering
Abstract:
... An atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-s-triazine)-mineralizing bacterial isolate was used as a biological probe to investigate the effects of atrazine residence time on subsequent bioavailability and biodegradatlon. [U-¹⁴C-ring]-atrazine was reacted with sterile soils collected from long-term, experimental, no-till and conventional-tillage plots. After aging for 1 d to 3 mo, the atra ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1997.00472425002600010030x

42. Bioremediation of pentachlorophenol-contaminated soil by bioaugmentation using activated soil

Author:
Barbeau, C.; Deschenes, L.; Karamanev, D.; Comeau, Y.; Samson, R.
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 1997 v.48 no.6 pp. 745-752
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
bacteria; bioaugmentation; biodegradation; biomass; bioreactors; mineralization; pentachlorophenol; polluted soils; sandy soils; slurries
Abstract:
... The use of an indigenous microbial consortium, pollutant-acclimated and attached to soil particles (activated soil), was studied as a bioaugmentation method for the aerobic biodegradation of pentachlorophenol (PCP) in a contaminated soil. A 125-1 completely mixed soil slurry (10% soil) bioreactor was used to produce the activated soil biomass. Results showed that the bioreactor was very effective ...
DOI:
10.1007/s002530051127
PubMed:
9457802

43. Environmental assessment of a new food ingredient, the fat replacer olestra

Author:
Allgood, G.S.; McAvoy, D.C.; Woltering, D.M.
Source:
Environmental toxicology and chemistry 1997 v.16 no.3 pp. 586-600
ISSN:
0730-7268
Subject:
physical properties; agricultural soils; vegetable oil; cooking fats and oils; wastewater treatment; savory; fish; mammals; septic systems; potato chips; zooplankton; risk; terrestrial ecosystems; sugars; Food and Drug Administration; snacks; fat replacers; sucrose polyester; ingredients; databases; half life; water solubility; mineralization; total suspended solids; earthworms; chemical oxygen demand; environmental assessment; toxicity; landfills; biodegradation; environmental impact; sludge; wastewater; bacteria
Abstract:
... Olestra is a new noncaloric food ingredient made from sugar and vegetable oil combined in such a way that it is not digested or absorbed. Olestra will be used to replace the cooking fat and oils used to make savory snacks such as potato chips. An environmental assessment (EA) was conducted to determine whether or not this consumer use of olestra would result in adverse impacts to the environment. ...
DOI:
10.1897/1551-5028(1997)016<0586:EAOANF>2.3.CO;2

44. Factors affecting sequestration and bioavailability of phenanthrene in soils

Author:
White, J.C.; Kelsey, J.W.; Hatzinger, P.B.; Alexander, M.
Source:
Environmental toxicology and chemistry 1997 v.16 no.10 pp. 2040-2045
ISSN:
0730-7268
Subject:
mineralization; clay fraction; organic matter; phenanthrenes; bioavailability; environmental factors; biodegradation; earthworms; drying; bacteria; soil aggregates
Abstract:
... A study was conducted to determine factors affecting the sequestration and changes in bioavailability as phenanthrene persists in soils. Phenanthrene became sequestered in seven soils differing appreciably in organic matter and clay content as measured by earthworm uptake, bacterial mineralization, or extractability. Phenanthrene also became sequestered as it aged in soil aggregates of various siz ...
DOI:
10.1897/1551-5028(1997)016<2040:FASABO>2.3.CO;2

45. Microbial Transformation of Carbazole to Indole-3-acetic Acid by Flavobacterium sp. OCM-1

Author:
Hitoshi Obata; Hidehisa Kawahara; Atsushi Sugiyama
Source:
Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry 1997 v.61 no.3 pp. 525-526
ISSN:
1347-6947
Subject:
Flavobacterium; bacteria; biotechnology; indole acetic acid; metabolites; oils; pH; thin layer chromatography
Abstract:
... A carbazole-using bacterium was isolated from oil polluted soil and identified as Flavobacterium sp. OCM-1 from its taxonomical characteristics. Its optimal culture conditions were identified. The growth and carbazole-degradation were found in the ranges of 20–30°C and pH 6–8. We found microbial production of indole-3-acetic acid from carbazole by strain OCM-1. Indole-3-acetic acid was identified ...
DOI:
10.1271/bbb.61.525

46. Potential for intrinsic bioremediation of a DNT-contaminated aquifer

Author:
Bradley, P.M.; Chapelle, F.H.; Landmeyer, J.E.; Schumacher, J.G.
Source:
Ground water 1997 v.35 no.1 pp. 12-17
ISSN:
0017-467X
Subject:
mineralization; groundwater contamination; bioremediation; organic nitrogen compounds; aquifers; biodegradation; explosives; toluene; bacteria; Missouri
Abstract:
... Microorganisms indigenous to a shallow aquifer, which underlies an explosives-contaminated site, mineralized 28% of [U-ring-14C] 2,4-dinitrotoluene to 14CO2 within 28 days under aerobic conditions. Approximately 20% of added 2,4-dinitrotoluene remained undegraded at the end of the incubation while approximately 22% and 6% were transformed to 4-amino-2-nitrotoluene and 2-amino-4-nitrotoluene, respe ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1745-6584.1997.tb00054.x

47. Recalcitrance of 1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDE) to Cometabolic Degradation by Pure Cultures of Aerobic and Anaerobic Bacteria

Author:
M. Megharaj; A. Jovcic; H. L. Boul; J. H. Thiele
Source:
Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 1997 v.33 no.2 pp. 141-146
ISSN:
0090-4341
Subject:
Acetobacterium woodii; Clostridium butyricum; DDE (pesticide); Methylosinus trichosporium; Mycobacterium vaccae; Pseudomonas fluorescens; Rhodococcus globerulus; aerobes; anaerobes; bacteria; biodegradation; biphenyl; cell walls; dehalogenation; enzymes; ethylene; methane; oxidation; pollutants; polychlorinated biphenyls; propane
Abstract:
... Pure cultures of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria capable of oxidation and reductive dehalogenation of chloroethylenes, and aerobic bacteria involved in biodegradation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were screened for their ability to cometabolize the persistent pollutant 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDE). Bacterial cultures expressing methane monooxygenase (Methylosinus trichos ...
DOI:
10.1007/s002449900235
PubMed:
9294241

48. A comparison of zero-order, first order, and monod biotransformation models

Author:
Bekins, B.A.; Warren, E.; Godsy, E.M.
Source:
Ground water 1998 v.36 no.2 pp. 261-268
ISSN:
0017-467X
Subject:
aquifers; groundwater contamination; benzene; phenol; toluene; xylene; aerobes; bacteria; aerobic conditions; mathematical models; equations; biodegradation; bioremediation
Abstract:
... Under some conditions, a first-order kinetic model is a poor representation of biodegradation in contaminated aquifers. Although it is well known that the assumption of first-order kinetics is valid only when substrate concentration, S, is much less than the half-saturation constant, K(S), this assumption is often made without verification of this condition. We present a formal error analysis show ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1745-6584.1998.tb01091.x

49. A numerical model for simulation of bioremediation of hydrocarbons in aquifers

Author:
Munoz, J.F.; Irarrazaval, M.J.
Source:
Ground water 1998 v.36 no.2 pp. 215-224
ISSN:
0017-467X
Subject:
petroleum; simulation models; groundwater contamination; equations; hydrocarbons; bioremediation; groundwater flow; aquifers; biodegradation; oxygen; bacteria
Abstract:
... A numerical model was developed to describe the bioremediation of hydrocarbons in ground water aquifers considering aerobic degradation. The model solves the independent transport of three solutes (oxygen, hydrocarbons, and microorganisms) in ground water flow using the method of characteristics. Interactions between the three solutes, in which oxygen and hydrocarbons are consumed by microorganism ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1745-6584.1998.tb01086.x

50. Bacterial degradation of pyridine, indole, quinoline, and their derivatives under different redox conditions

Author:
Fetzner, S.
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 1998 v.49 no.3 pp. 237-250
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
aquifers; bacteria; biodegradation; bioremediation; creosote; ecosystems; environmental factors; field experimentation; groundwater; habitats; metabolism; methanogens; pyridines; quinoline; sediments; soil; sorption; wood treatment
Abstract:
... Bacteria have evolved a diverse potential to transform and even mineralize numerous organic compounds of both natural and xenobiotic origin. This article describes the occurrence of N-heteroaromatic compounds and presents a review of the bacterial degradation of pyridine and its derivatives, indole, isoquinoline, and quinoline and its derivatives. The bacterial metabolism of these compounds under ...
DOI:
10.1007/s002530051164