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1. A balance of winners and losers in the Anthropocene

Author:
Dornelas, Maria; Gotelli, Nicholas J.; Shimadzu, Hideyasu; Moyes, Faye; Magurran, Anne E.; McGill, Brian J.
Source:
Ecology letters 2019 v.22 no.5 pp. 847-854
ISSN:
1461-023X
Subject:
Anthropocene epoch; biodiversity; extinction; monitoring; population dynamics; surveys
Abstract:
... Scientists disagree about the nature of biodiversity change. While there is evidence for widespread declines from population surveys, assemblage surveys reveal a mix of declines and increases. These conflicting conclusions may be caused by the use of different metrics: assemblage metrics may average out drastic changes in individual populations. Alternatively, differences may arise from data sourc ...
DOI:
10.1111/ele.13242

2. Abandoned forest ecosystem: Implications for Japan's Oak Wilt disease

Author:
Imamura, Kohei; Managi, Shunsuke; Saito, Shoichi; Nakashizuka, Tohru
Source:
Journal of forest economics 2017 v.29 pp. 56-61
ISSN:
1104-6899
Subject:
biodiversity; biodiversity conservation; climate change; coppicing; ecosystem services; forest ecosystems; forests; people; soil; tree diseases; vascular wilt; Japan
Abstract:
... This study determined values for the ecosystem services of abandoned coppice forests that are threatened by a forest disease known as Japanese Oak Wilt. We applied a discrete choice experiment to value these ecosystem services. The results indicated that ecosystem services were highly valued in the order of biodiversity conservation, water and soil regulation, timber provision, and climate change ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jfe.2017.08.005

3. Abandoned metalliferous mines: ecological impacts and potential approaches for reclamation

Author:
Venkateswarlu, Kadiyala; Nirola, Ramkrishna; Kuppusamy, Saranya; Thavamani, Palanisami; Naidu, Ravi; Megharaj, Mallavarapu
Source:
Re/views in environmental science and bio/technology 2016 v.15 no.2 pp. 327-354
ISSN:
1569-1705
Subject:
biodiversity; business enterprises; economic development; environmental impact; indigenous species; issues and policy; land restoration; metals; mining; monitoring; nanotechnology; phytoremediation; planning; pollution; soil quality; towns; transgenic plants
Abstract:
... The lack of awareness for timely management of the environment surrounding a metal mine site results in several adverse consequences such as rampant business losses, abandoning the bread-earning mining industry, domestic instability and rise in ghost towns, increased environmental pollution, and indirect long-term impacts on the ecosystem. Although several abandoned mine lands (AMLs) exist globall ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11157-016-9398-6

4. Abandoning Risky Agriculture and Leveraging Natural Capital: A County-Level Method for Identifying Conservation Opportunity

Author:
Luken, James O.
Source:
Natural areas journal 2020 v.40 no.1 pp. 45-50
ISSN:
0885-8608
Subject:
agricultural land; agricultural policy; biodiversity; carbon sequestration; coastal plains; coasts; crop insurance; crops; farmers; farming systems; forests; humans; income; land use; natural capital; subsidies; North Carolina; Scotland; South Carolina
Abstract:
... Marginal land now devoted to growing harvested crops may be better suited to other land uses such as biodiversity enhancement and carbon sequestration. However, farmers are not encouraged to explore the development of these opportunities due largely to subsidized federal crop insurance (FCI). This study examined FCI outcomes from 2013 to 2017 in 69 Coastal Plain counties of North Carolina and Sout ...
DOI:
10.3375/043.040.0106

5. Abandonment, Ecological Assembly and Public Health Risks in Counter-Urbanizing Cities

Author:
Gulachenski, Alexandra; Ghersi, Bruno M.; Lesen, Amy E.; Blum, Michael J.
Source:
Sustainability 2016 v.8 no.5
ISSN:
2071-1050
Subject:
biodiversity; cities; disease transmission; ecosystem services; infrastructure; issues and policy; landscapes; pathogens; pests; public health; risk; sanitation; urban areas; urbanization; vector-borne diseases
Abstract:
... Urban landscapes can be transformed by widespread abandonment from population and economic decline. Ecological assembly, sometimes referred to as “greening”, following abandonment can yield valuable ecosystem services, but also can pose a risk to public health. Abandonment can elevate zoonotic vector-borne disease risk by favoring the hyperabundance of commensal pests and pathogen vectors. Though ...
DOI:
10.3390/su8050491

6. Abandonment of croplands: problem or chance for grassland restoration? case studies from hungary

Author:
Valkó, Orsolya; Deák, Balázs; Török, Péter; Kelemen, András; Miglécz, Tamás; Tóth, Katalin; Tóthmérész, Béla
Source:
Ecosystem health and sustainability 2016 v.2 no.2 pp. e01208
ISSN:
2332-8878
Subject:
European Union; animal husbandry; biodiversity; biomass production; case studies; cooperatives; cost effectiveness; cropland; ecosystem services; good agricultural practices; grassland restoration; invasive species; issues and policy; meadows; natural resources conservation; noxious weeds; pastures; public ownership; sowing; weed control; Eastern European region; Hungary
Abstract:
... In Central‐ and Eastern Europe, the collapse of socialist regimes resulted in a transformation of state‐owned agricultural cooperatives to privately owned lands from the early 1990s onwards. These socioeconomic processes resulted in landscape‐scale changes in biodiversity, ecosystem services and agricultural production. In parallel, large‐scale abandonment of croplands, especially on sandy, salty ...
DOI:
10.1002/ehs2.1208

7. Abandonment of traditional uses in mountain areas: typological thinking versus hard data in the Cantabrian Mountains (NW Spain)

Author:
Blanco-Fontao, Beatriz; Quevedo, Mario; Obeso, José Ramón
Source:
Biodiversity and conservation 2011 v.20 no.5 pp. 1133-1140
ISSN:
0960-3115
Subject:
biodiversity; birds; cattle; evolution; forest ecosystems; habitats; herding; homogenization; landscape management; montane forests; mountains; Spain
Abstract:
... Conservation policies of the European Nature 2,000 network reflect an overarching concern about alleged negative effects of abandonment of traditional uses. In particular, the abandonment of livestock herding is widely assumed to be responsible of biodiversity decreases through habitat homogenization. However, those negative effects of land abandonment on biodiversity are neither straightforward n ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10531-011-0016-1

8. Abatement of odorant compounds in one- and two-phase biotrickling filters under steady and transient conditions

Author:
Lebrero, Raquel; Rodríguez, Elisa; Pérez, Rebeca; García-Encina, Pedro A.; Muñoz, Raúl
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 2013 v.97 no.10 pp. 4627-4638
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
alpha-pinene; biodiversity; biological treatment; community structure; emissions; filters; gases; hexane; mass transfer; microbial communities; microorganisms; odor compounds; oils; silicone; starvation; toluene; volatile organic compounds
Abstract:
... The removal of hydrophobic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) still remains the main restriction in the biological treatment of odorous emissions due to mass transfer limitations. The addition of a non-aqueous phase to conventional biotrickling filters (BTF) may overcome this limitation by enhancing VOCs transport from the gas to the microorganisms. This study compared the long-term and transient p ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00253-012-4247-1
PubMed:
22801710

9. A Bayesian Spatial Model Highlights Distinct Dynamics in Deforestation from Coca and Pastures in an Andean Biodiversity Hotspot

Author:
Chadid, Maria Alejandra; Dávalos, Liliana M.; Molina, Jorge; Armenteras, Dolors
Source:
Forests 2015 v.6 no.11 pp. 3828-3846
ISSN:
1999-4907
Subject:
Bayesian theory; altitude; biodiversity; computer software; crops; deforestation; land use; mining; models; monitoring; mountains; pastures; rivers; tropical forests; Andes region; Colombia
Abstract:
... The loss of tropical forests has continued in recent decades despite wide recognition of their importance to maintaining biodiversity. Here, we examine the conversion of forests to pastures and coca crops (illicit activity) on the San Lucas Mountain Range, Colombia for 2002–2007 and 2007–2010. Land use maps and biophysical variables were used as inputs to generate land use and cover change (LUCC) ...
DOI:
10.3390/f6113828

10. Abe Bailey nature reserve near Khutsong: medicinal plants, food gardens and a season of urban protest

Author:
Taylor, S.J.
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2013 no.1007 pp. 641-648
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
biodiversity; conservation areas; greenhouses; landscapes; medicinal plants; outreach; socioeconomic development; surveys; vegetable gardens; violence; youth; South Africa
Abstract:
... The protected areas of South Africa are strategically important in meeting global and national biodiversity conservation targets, as well as contributing to socio-economic development in local areas. Often this latter deliverable is difficult as the protected areas are small and the communities outside are large, as was the case with Abe Bailey nature reserve, situated in a peri-urban setting outs ...

11. A belowground perspective of temperate old-growth forests: Fine root system structure in beech primeval and production forests

Author:
Klingenberg, Esther; Leuschner, Christoph
Source:
Forest ecology and management 2018 v.425 pp. 68-74
ISSN:
0378-1127
Subject:
Fagus sylvatica; biodiversity; biomass; canopy gaps; carbon sinks; fine roots; harvesting; mortality; necromass; old-growth forests; root systems; saplings; soil fertility; soil heterogeneity; wood
Abstract:
... Old-growth forests differ from managed forests by a generally higher biodiversity, larger carbon stores, and greater heterogeneity of aboveground structures. It is not known whether the aboveground structural diversity of old-growth forests is mirrored in root system structure, e.g. by greater root biomass, the occurrence of root gaps, and a different fine root morphology. We studied the fine root ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foreco.2018.05.035

12. A benthic classification system to aid in the implementation of marine protected area networks in the deep/high seas of the NE Atlantic

Author:
Howell, Kerry L.
Source:
Biological conservation 2010 v.143 no.5 pp. 1041-1056
ISSN:
0006-3207
Subject:
benthic organisms; conservation areas; marine environment; classification; biodiversity; geomorphology; biogeography; Atlantic Ocean
Abstract:
... Internationally there is political momentum to establish networks of representative marine protected areas for the conservation of biodiversity. Mapping the distributions of all species, to ensure representation is achieved within a given network, is not possible. Thus surrogates are frequently used in mapping efforts as measures of biological diversity. For practical purposes these surrogates are ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biocon.2010.02.001

13. A benthic macroinvertebrate multimetric index for Chilean Mediterranean streams

Author:
Fierro, Pablo; Arismendi, Ivan; Hughes, Robert M.; Valdovinos, Claudio; Jara-Flores, Alfonso
Source:
Ecological indicators 2018 v.91 pp. 13-23
ISSN:
1470-160X
Subject:
Diptera; anthropogenic activities; biodiversity; body condition; ecoregions; environmental indicators; freshwater; human population; humans; macroinvertebrates; pollution; population growth; rivers; screening; spring; streams; summer; surface water; watersheds; winter
Abstract:
... Increased anthropogenic disturbances affecting streams worldwide have resulted in declines of freshwater biodiversity. Mediterranean ecoregions are very sensitive to such disturbances because of their high levels of natural hydrological variability and increasing trends in human population growth. The use of aquatic macroinvertebrate assemblages as bioindicators is a commonly applied approach for ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.03.074

14. A Benthic Zonation System as a Fundamental Tool for Natural Capital Assessment in a Marine Environment: A Case Study in the Northern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy

Author:
Marcelli, Marco; Scanu, Sergio; Frattarelli, Francesco Manfredi; Mancini, Emanuele; Carli, Filippo Maria
Source:
Sustainability 2018 v.10 no.10
ISSN:
2071-1050
Subject:
European Union; Posidonia oceanica; biocenosis; biodiversity; case studies; coasts; ecosystem services; issues and policy; marine ecosystems; marine environment; meadows; monitoring; natural capital; planning; Italy; Tyrrhenian Sea
Abstract:
... Coastal marine areas are characterized by the highest values of ecosystem services and by multiple uses that are often in conflict with each other. Natural capital analysis is claimed to be a valid tool to support space planning. In the context of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) of the European Union (EU), the EU Joint Research Centre (JRC) Scientific and Policy Report 2014 defines ...
DOI:
10.3390/su10103786

15. A Bigger Toolbox: Biotechnology in Biodiversity Conservation

Author:
Corlett, Richard T
Source:
Trends in biotechnology 2016
ISSN:
0167-7799
Subject:
DNA; biodiversity; biotechnology; endangered species; genes; genetic markers; genomics; transcriptomics
Abstract:
... Conservation biology needs a bigger toolbox to meet unprecedented challenges. Genomics, fueled by declining sequencing costs, offers novel tools with increased precision for genetic questions previously answered with a few molecular markers, as well as completely new possibilities. Metabarcoding promises quicker, cheaper, and more accurate assessments of biodiversity in groups that are difficult t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tibtech.2016.06.009

16. A bio-cultural approach to the study of food choice: The contribution of taste genetics, population and culture

Author:
Risso, Davide S.; Giuliani, Cristina; Antinucci, Marco; Morini, Gabriella; Garagnani, Paolo; Tofanelli, Sergio; Luiselli, Donata
Source:
Appetite 2017 v.114 pp. 240-247
ISSN:
0195-6663
Subject:
bitterness; broccoli; Europeans; humans; licorice; phenotype; Parmesan cheese; genetic background; health status; receptors; stevioside; taste; food choices; genetic variation; biodiversity; volunteers; beers
Abstract:
... The study of food choice, one of the most complex human traits, requires an integrated approach that takes into account environmental, socio-cultural and biological diversity. We recruited 183 volunteers from four geo-linguistic groups and highly diversified in terms of both genetic background and food habits from whom we collected genotypes and phenotypes tightly linked to taste perception. We co ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.appet.2017.03.046

17. A Biodiversity Hotspot Heats Up: Nine New Species of Suckermouth Catfishes (Mochokidae: Chiloglanis) from Upper Guinean Forest Streams in West Africa

Author:
Schmidt, Ray C.; Bart, Henry L.; Pezold, Frank; Friel, John P.
Source:
Copeia 2017 v.105 no.2 pp. 301-338
ISSN:
0045-8511
Subject:
Chiloglanis; biodiversity; catfish; forests; genetic variation; morphometry; new species; rivers; streams; watersheds; Cote d'Ivoire; Ghana; Senegal
Abstract:
... The widespread species, Chiloglanis occidentalis, is recorded in flowing waters from Senegal to Ghana. Recent studies of this species within the Upper Guinean Forests revealed genetic divergence among the populations sampled, suggesting the presence of several unconfirmed candidate species. A detailed study of these populations revealed morphological variation congruent with the molecular results. ...
DOI:
10.1643/CI-16-474

18. A biodiversity monitoring framework for practical conservation of grasslands and shrublands

Author:
de Bello, Francesco; Lavorel, Sandra; Gerhold, Pille; Reier, Ülle; Pärtel, Meelis
Source:
Biological conservation 2010 v.143 no.1 pp. 9-17
ISSN:
0006-3207
Subject:
biodiversity; environmental monitoring; grasslands; shrublands; pastures; land management; Europe
Abstract:
... Comprehensive and standardized biodiversity monitoring schemes are needed to build scientifically sound decision-making tools for biodiversity conservation. Based on a thorough review of published literature, we propose a novel biodiversity monitoring framework to unify conservation theory and practice. The framework is built on the inter-connection among different types of indicators, and on the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biocon.2009.04.022

19. A bioeconomic analysis of the potential of Indonesian agroforests as carbon sinks

Author:
Wise, Russell M.; Cacho, Oscar J.
Source:
Environmental science & policy 2011 v.14 no.4 pp. 451-461
ISSN:
1462-9011
Subject:
agroforestry; algorithms; biodiversity; bioeconomics; biomass; carbon; carbon sinks; deforestation; dynamic programming; economic sustainability; forests; issues and policy; models; soil; trees; wood; Indonesia
Abstract:
... Agroforests managed by smallholders have been shown to provide biodiversity, carbon-storage and rural-livelihood services. Consequently, these systems are being promoted as an effective way of rehabilitating millions of hectares of degraded, formerly forested land in many tropical countries. Current conditions at the forest margins in these countries, however, make it easier to clear unprotected f ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envsci.2010.12.008

20. A biogeochemical analysis of the Pocono till barrens and adjacent hardwood forest underlain by Wisconsinan and Illinoian till in northeastern Pennsylvania

Author:
Wibiralske, A.W.; Latham, R.E.; Johnson, A.H.
Source:
Canadian journal of forest research = 2004 v.34 no.9 pp. 1819-1832
ISSN:
0045-5067
Subject:
glacial till soils; landscape ecology; fire ecology; soil properties; forest soils; stand composition; topography; soil fertility; ecosystems; shrublands; statistical analysis; biogeochemistry; biodiversity; soil nutrients; nutrient availability; hardwood forests; soil-plant interactions; Pennsylvania
Abstract:
... We assessed soil and vegetation nutrient capital in the landscape mosaic of till barrens and hardwood forests on the Pocono Plateau in northeastern Pennsylvania. These shrublands, which contain an unusual abundance of rare species, occur primarily on Illinoian-aged glacial till, though some patches grow on Wisconsinan till. We hypothesized that barrens soil and vegetation contain smaller quantitie ...
DOI:
10.1139/x04-047

21. A biogeographical regionalization of Angolan mammals

Author:
Rodrigues, Patrícia; Figueira, Rui; Vaz Pinto, Pedro; Araújo, Miguel B.; Beja, Pedro
Source:
Mammal review 2015 v.45 no.2 pp. 103-116
ISSN:
0305-1838
Subject:
biodiversity; biogeography; carnivores; cluster analysis; deserts; forests; grasslands; humidity; rodents; savannas; soil types; temperature; ungulates; woodlands; Angola
Abstract:
... We developed a biogeographical regionalization of Angolan mammals based on data collected before major declines occurred during the civil war (1975–2002). In terms of its biodiversity, Angola is one of the least known of all African countries. We used 9880 grid records of 140 species (rodents, ungulates and carnivores) collected mainly in 1930–80, at a quarter degree cell resolution. Biogeographic ...
DOI:
10.1111/mam.12036

22. A biological consequence of reducing Arctic ice cover: arrival of the Pacific diatom Neodenticula seminae in the North Atlantic for the first time in 800 000 years

Author:
REID, PHILIP C.; JOHNS, DAVID G.; EDWARDS, MARTIN; STARR, MICHEL; POULIN, MICHEL; SNOEIJS, PAULI
Source:
Global change biology 2007 v.13 no.9 pp. 1910-1921
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
Bacillariophyceae; biodiversity; carbon cycle; global warming; hydrology; ice; marine sediments; melting; plankton; surveys; Arctic region; Canada; Northwest Atlantic
Abstract:
... The Continuous Plankton Recorder survey has monitored plankton in the Northwest Atlantic at monthly intervals since 1962, with an interegnum between 1978 and 1990. In May 1999, large numbers of the Pacific diatom Neodenticula seminae were found in Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) samples in the Labrador Sea as the first record in the North Atlantic for more than 800 000 years. The event coincide ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01413.x

23. A biome-scale assessment of the impact of invasive alien plants on ecosystem services in South Africa

Author:
Van Wilgen, B.W.; Reyers, B.; Le Maitre, D.C.; Richardson, D.M.; Schonegevel, L.
Source:
Journal of environmental management 2008 v.89 no.4 pp. 336-349
ISSN:
0301-4797
Subject:
invasive species; introduced plants; weeds; ecosystems; public services and goods; geographical distribution; surface water; agricultural runoff; groundwater recharge; livestock production; biodiversity; shrubs; grasslands; grazing; livestock; habitats; environmental impact; ecosystem services; South Africa
DOI:
10.1016/j.jenvman.2007.06.015
PubMed:
17765388

24. A biophysical approach to delineate a northern limit to commercial forestry: the case of Quebec’s boreal forest1

Author:
Jobidon, Robert; Bergeron, Yves; Robitaille, André; Raulier, Frédéric; Gauthier, Sylvie; Imbeau, Louis; Saucier, Jean-Pierre; Boudreault, Catherine
Source:
Canadian journal of forest research = 2015 v.45 no.5 pp. 515-528
ISSN:
1208-6037
Subject:
Picea; Pleurozium schreberi; biodiversity; boreal forests; forest ecosystems; forest habitats; land classification; land suitability; logging; risk; society; sustainable forestry; timber production; woodlands; Quebec
Abstract:
... The boreal forest ecosystem is one of the largest frontier forests of the world, providing many ecological services to society. Boreal forests are also economically important, but forest harvesting and management become increasingly difficult when one moves from south to north in boreal environments. An approach was thus developed to assess the suitability of land units for timber production in a ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjfr-2014-0260

25. A biophysical basis for patchy mortality during heat waves

Author:
Mislan, K. A. S.; Wethey, David S.
Source:
Ecology 2015 v.96 no.4 pp. 902-907
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Mytilus californianus; biodiversity; body temperature; climate change; coasts; ecosystem engineers; ecosystems; habitats; heat; heat tolerance; laboratory experimentation; models; mortality; mussels; weather; California; Washington (state)
Abstract:
... Extreme heat events cause patchy mortality in many habitats. We examine biophysical mechanisms responsible for patchy mortality in beds of the competitively dominant ecosystem engineer, the marine mussel Mytilus californianus, on the west coast of the United States. We used a biophysical model to predict daily fluctuations in body temperature at sites from southern California to Washington and use ...
DOI:
10.1890/14-1219.1

26. A biosystematic study of new records of the marsh frog Pelophylax ridibundus (Pallas, 1771) (Amphibia: Ranidae) from the southeast of Iran

Author:
Mohammadi, Zeinolabedin; Khajeh, Asghar; Ghorbani, Fatemeh; Kami, Haji Gholi
Source:
Journal of Asia-Pacific biodiversity(Online) 2015 v.8 no.2 pp. 178-182
ISSN:
2287-884X
Subject:
nose; temperature; morphometry; chromosomes; deserts; Pelophylax; biodiversity; frogs; Iran
Abstract:
... The marsh frog, Pelophylax ridibundus, is reported from all over Iran except from the southeast and central deserts. This study provides records of 12 specimens of Pelophylax ridibundus from the easternmost extent of its range in Iran, Zabol, Sistan, and Baluchestan Province. Morphological, morphometric, and karyological characteristics of the specimens were investigated and compared with populati ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.japb.2015.04.001

27. Abiotic impacts on spatial and temporal distribution of Corbicula fluminea (Müller, 1774) in the River Minho estuary, Portugal

Author:
Sousa, Ronaldo; Rufino, Marta; Gaspar, Miguel; Antunes, Carlos; Guilhermino, Lúcia
Source:
Aquatic conservation 2008 v.18 no.1 pp. 98-110
ISSN:
1052-7613
Subject:
Corbicula fluminea; autumn; biodiversity; biomass; clams; economic impact; ecosystems; estuaries; fauna; freshwater; habitats; hardness; invasive species; models; multivariate analysis; nutrient content; organic matter; population structure; redox potential; rivers; sediments; Portugal
Abstract:
... 1.The non-indigenous species Corbicula fluminea (Müller, 1774) is one of the most invasive bivalves in freshwater ecosystems. This Asian clam was first reported in the River Minho estuary in 1989. After a short period of time, it became the major component of the local benthic fauna in terms of abundance and biomass.2.In the autumn of 2004 and 2005, spatial and temporal variations in abundance, bi ...
DOI:
10.1002/aqc.838

28. Abiotic stressors and the conservation of social species

Author:
Wong, Marian Y.L.
Source:
Biological conservation 2012 v.155 pp. 77-84
ISSN:
0006-3207
Subject:
anthropogenic activities; biodiversity; ecosystems; human population; managers; researchers; social behavior; society; wildlife
Abstract:
... Human activities have profoundly changed the abiotic environment, which in many cases has resulted in the deterioration of natural ecosystems. This global problem requires collaborative efforts between scientific disciplines and between academics and wildlife managers if we are to preserve the remaining biodiversity. Here I discuss a potential application of behavioral ecology to the conservation ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biocon.2012.05.018

29. Abiotic stress research in crops using -omics approaches: drought stress and banana in the spotlight

Author:
Kissel, E.; Vanhove, A. C.; Garcia, S.; Panis, B.; Rouard, M.; Cenci, A.; Roux, N.; Zorrilla, J.; Swennen, R.; Carpentier, S. C.
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2016 no.1114 pp. 81-90
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
Musa acuminata; Musa balbisiana; bananas; biodiversity; breeding programs; crops; drought tolerance; gene banks; gene pool; genes; genetic variation; genotype; hosts; humid tropics; metabolites; metabolome; multivariate analysis; phenotype; proteomics; sequence analysis; stress response; transcriptome; variance; water stress
Abstract:
... Evaluating crop biodiversity is a challenging task and needs to integrate knowledge from different levels. This overview paper offers ways to tackle this challenge, illustrated by the case for drought tolerance in banana. KU Leuven hosts the International Musa Germplasm Collection managed by Bioversity International for safe storage and distribution in order to secure the crop's genepool and encou ...
DOI:
10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1114.11

30. A Bird's Eye View: Hesperornithiforms as Environmental Indicators in the Late Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway

Author:
Wilson, Laura E.
Source:
Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science 2019 v.122 no.3-4 pp. 193-213
ISSN:
0022-8443
Subject:
Late Cretaceous epoch; biodiversity; biogeography; carnivores; ecosystems; environmental factors; environmental indicators; forage; foraging; fossils; greenhouse effect; habitats; marine environment; marine mammals; paleobiogeography; paleoceanography; paleoecology; predator-prey relationships; predatory fish; primary productivity; reptiles; seabirds; shorelines; swimming; temperature
Abstract:
... Seabirds are considered indicators of ecological hotspots in modern ecosystems because their biogeographic distribution is correlated with physical, chemical, and biological oceanographic factors. Pursuit diving seabirds – those that actively pursue prey underwater – are generally more limited in distribution and more closely tied to oceanographic factors, as diving ability is often gained at the ...
DOI:
10.1660/062.122.0302

31. A bird's view of new conservation hotspots in China

Author:
Hu, Ruocheng; Wen, Cheng; Gu, Yiyun; Wang, Hao; Gu, Lei; Shi, Xiangying; Zhong, Jia; Wei, Ming; He, Fenqi; Lu, Zhi
Source:
Biological conservation 2017 v.211 pp. 47-55
ISSN:
0006-3207
Subject:
biodiversity; birds; conservation areas; decision making; protected species; threatened species; China; Yangtze River; Yellow Sea
Abstract:
... Blooming citizen science in China creates opportunities to update distribution maps of threatened birds and contributes to decision making for conservation. 46,073 records submitted by over 7000 bird watchers from 1998 to 2013 in China cover 1195 of 1371 species and all provincial administrative districts in the country. We extracted 13,181 occurrence localities for 95 threatened species defined b ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biocon.2017.03.033

32. A blueprint for securing Brazil's marine biodiversity and supporting the achievement of global conservation goals

Author:
Magris, Rafael A.; Costa, Micheli D. P.; Ferreira, Carlos E. L.; Vilar, Ciro C.; Joyeux, Jean‐Christophe; Creed, Joel C.; Copertino, Margareth S.; Horta, Paulo A.; Sumida, Paulo Y. G.; Francini‐Filho, Ronaldo B.; Floeter, Sergio R.
Source:
Diversity & distributions 2021 v.27 no.2 pp. 198-215
ISSN:
1366-9516
Subject:
biodiversity; climate change; coasts; degradation; fisheries; habitats; humans; marine protected areas; methodology; objectives; planning; prioritization; stakeholders; threatened species; Atlantic Ocean; Brazil
Abstract:
... AIM: As a step towards providing support for an ecological approach to strengthening marine protected areas (MPAs) and meeting international commitments, this study combines cumulative impact assessment and conservation planning approach to undertake a large‐scale spatial prioritization. LOCATION: Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of Brazil, Southwest Atlantic Ocean. METHODS: We developed a prioritiza ...
DOI:
10.1111/ddi.13183

33. Aboriginal burning regimes and hunting strategies in Australia's Western Desert

Author:
Bird, D.W.; Bird, R.B.; Parker, C.H.
Source:
Human ecology 2005 v.33 no.4 pp. 443-464
ISSN:
0300-7839
Subject:
family and consumer science; indigenous peoples; burning; sport hunting; rural women; biodiversity; land management; Australia
DOI:
10.1007/s10745-005-5155-0

34. Aboriginal settlements of arid Patagonia: Preserving bio- or sociodiversity? The case of the Mapuche pastoral Cushamen Reserve

Author:
Golluscio, R.A.; Roman, M.E.; Cesa, A.; Rodano, D.; Bottaro, H.; Nieto, M.I.; Betelu, A.; Golluscio, L.A.
Source:
Journal of arid environments 2010 v.74 no.10 pp. 1329-1339
ISSN:
0140-1963
Subject:
biodiversity; carrying capacity; farms; herbivores; humans; income; issues and policy; lambs; poverty; social structure; stocking rate; wool; Argentina
Abstract:
... Preservation of biodiversity can be at odds with preservation of sociodiversity, i.e., human groups with different cultures, social organization and economic activities coexisting within a region. We analyzed this problem in the Cushamen Reserve, a pastoralist Mapuche aboriginal settlement in Patagonia, Argentina. We found that the current stocking rate of domestic herbivores is twice the rangelan ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jaridenv.2010.05.012

35. Aboriginal uses of seaweeds in temperate Australia: an archival assessment

Author:
Thurstan, RuthH.; Brittain, Zoё; Jones, DavidS.; Cameron, Elizabeth; Dearnaley, Jennifer; Bellgrove, Alecia
Source:
Journal of applied phycology 2018 v.30 no.3 pp. 1821-1832
ISSN:
0921-8971
Subject:
Australians; Durvillaea; biodiversity; business enterprises; climate change; coasts; food security; indigenous knowledge; indigenous peoples; industry; macroalgae; paleobotany; resource management; saline water; seaweed culture; temperate zones; traditions; Australia
Abstract:
... Global demand for seaweed has increased dramatically over recent decades and the potential for seaweed aquaculture to address issues around food security and climate-change mitigation are being recognised. Australia is a global hotspot for seaweed biodiversity with a rich, diverse Indigenous history dating back 65,000 years, including an extensive traditional knowledge of Australian natural resour ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10811-017-1384-z

36. A botanical, phytochemical and ethnomedicinal review of the genus Mitragyna korth: Implications for products sold as kratom

Author:
Brown, Paula N.; Lund, Jensen A.; Murch, Susan J.
Source:
Journal of ethnopharmacology 2017 v.202 pp. 302-325
ISSN:
0378-8741
Subject:
Internet; Mitragyna; autumn; bark; biodiversity; chemistry; fever; leaves; markets; pain; physiological response; spring; topical application; toxicology; traditional medicine; winter; Asia; Central Africa; Pacific Ocean Islands
Abstract:
... The genus Mitragyna (Rubiacaeae) has been traditionally used in parts of Africa, Asia and Oceania. In recent years, there has been increased interest in species of Mitragyna with the introduction of products to western markets and regulatory uncertainty.This paper reviewed the traditional ethnomedicinal uses of leaves for species belonging to the genus Mitragyna with reference to the botany and kn ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jep.2017.03.020

37. Above and belowground biodiversity in adjacent and distinct serpentine soils

Author:
Visioli, Giovanna; Sanangelantoni, Anna Maria; Conti, Federica D.; Bonati, Beatrice; Gardi, Ciro; Menta, Cristina
Source:
Applied soil ecology 2019 v.133 pp. 98-103
ISSN:
0929-1393
Subject:
Acari; Actinobacteria; Collembola; Euphorbia cyparissias; Galium; Noccaea caerulescens; bacteria; bioavailability; biodiversity; cellulose; chitin; detritus; flora; grasslands; heavy metals; hyperaccumulators; nickel; plant communities; rhizosphere; ribosomal DNA; serpentine; serpentine soils; serpentinite; soil depth; soil microorganisms; soil organic matter; vascular plants; vegetation cover; Italy
Abstract:
... In this study we analysed the diversity of vascular plants, soil microorganisms and microarthropods on two serpentine outcrops in the Northern Apennines (Italy). The soils of the two sites are at different stages of evolution, as shown by soil depth and soil organic matter (SOM) content: the first site is a serpentine grassland clearing within sub-montane vegetation, while the second is a serpenti ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apsoil.2018.09.013

38. Aboveground–belowground interactions as a source of complementarity effects in biodiversity experiments

Author:
Eisenhauer, Nico
Source:
Plant and soil 2012 v.351 no.1-2 pp. 1-22
ISSN:
0032-079X
Subject:
biodiversity; ecosystems; grasslands; herbivores; invertebrates; legumes; mycorrhizal fungi; nutrients; pathogens; plant communities; plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria; predators; soil
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: The positive relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning (BEF) is due mainly to complementarity between species. Most BEF studies primarily focused on plant interactions; however, plants are embedded in a dense network of multitrophic interactions above and below the ground, which are likely to play a crucial role in BEF relationships. SCOPE: In the present review I poi ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11104-011-1027-0

39. Above-ground biomass accumulation patterns in moorlands after prescribed burning and low-intensity grazing

Author:
Alday, Josu G.; Santana, Victor M.; Lee, Hyohyemi; Allen, Katherine A.; Marrs, Rob H.
Source:
Perspectives in plant ecology, evolution and systematics 2015 v.17 no.5 pp. 388-396
ISSN:
1433-8319
Subject:
Bryophyta; Calluna; aboveground biomass; biodiversity; biomass production; carbon; cultural landscape; ecosystems; grazing; heathlands; planning; prescribed burning; sheep; wildfires; United Kingdom
Abstract:
... Shrub-dominated ecosystems such as moorlands are recognized internationally as cultural landscapes with high biodiversity conservation value. These ecosystems are commonly managed using prescribed burning to reduce the impact of wildfires, increase biodiversity and ecosystem productivity for grazing. Given that ecosystem responses are sensitive to the above-ground balance within the vegetation, kn ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ppees.2015.06.007

40. Aboveground biomass dynamics and growth efficiency of Sequoia sempervirens forests

Author:
Sillett, Stephen C.; Van Pelt, Robert; Carroll, Allyson L.; Campbell-Spickler, Jim; Antoine, Marie E.
Source:
Forest ecology and management 2020 v.458 pp. 117740
ISSN:
0378-1127
Subject:
Sequoia sempervirens; aboveground biomass; allometry; biodiversity; carbon; carbon sequestration; equations; heartwood; leaf area; leaf mass; longevity; old-growth forests; photosynthesis; roots; second growth; trees
Abstract:
... The tallest species, Sequoia sempervirens, inhabits old-growth forests with global maximum biomass and leaf area. Here we determine if these forests also have maximum productivity. Intensive measurements of 114 trees 18–116 m tall and 115–2340 yr old were used to improve allometric equations for Sequoia. Applying the best available allometry to all vegetation in eleven 1-ha plots re-measured at 5- ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117740

41. Aboveground carbon storage is driven by functional trait composition and stand structural attributes rather than biodiversity in temperate mixed forests recovering from disturbances

Author:
Yuan, Zuoqiang; Wang, Shaopeng; Ali, Arshad; Gazol, Antonio; Ruiz-Benito, Paloma; Wang, Xugao; Lin, Fei; Ye, Ji; Hao, Zhanqing; Loreau, Michel
Source:
Annals of forest science 2018 v.75 no.3 pp. 67
ISSN:
1286-4560
Subject:
topography; wood density; mixed forests; structural equation modeling; ecological differentiation; trees; carbon sequestration; ecological function; biodiversity; stand basal area; stand structure; China
Abstract:
... KEY MESSAGE: Functional trait composition and stand structural complexity rather than biodiversity substantially enhance aboveground carbon storage in temperate mixed forests, while accounting for the effects of disturbance intensity. This study provides a strong support to the mass ratio effect in addition to the niche differentiation and facilitation effects. CONTEXT: The underlying mechanisms f ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13595-018-0745-3

42. Aboveground Macroinvertebrate Diversity and Abundance in Sand Sagebrush Prairie Managed With the Use of Pyric Herbivory

Author:
Doxon, Elizabeth D.; Davis, Craig A.; Fuhlendorf, Samuel D.; Winter, Stephen L.
Source:
Rangeland ecology & management 2011 v.64 no.4 pp. 394-403
ISSN:
1550-7424
Subject:
Diptera; Hymenoptera; grazing; grasslands; Coleoptera; pastures; Homoptera; Araneae; prescribed burning; ecosystems; range management; Artemisia filifolia; Orthoptera; Lepidoptera; herbivores; biodiversity; landscapes; habitats; macroinvertebrates; Oklahoma
Abstract:
... Through pyric herbivory (i.e., fire-induced grazing patterns), native grasslands were historically a spatially heterogeneous environment. It is hypothesized that the mosaic of habitats created by pyric herbivory supports a more diverse invertebrate community compared to modern range management. Patch-burn management, a pyric herbivory technique, is an application of prescribed fire and grazing whe ...
DOI:
10.2111/REM-D-10-00169.1

43. Aboveground net primary production dynamics in a northern Chihuahuan Desert ecosystem

Author:
Muldavin, Esteban H.; Moore, Douglas I.; Collins, Scott L.; Wetherill, Karen R.; Lightfoot, David C.
Source:
Oecologia 2008 v.155 no.1 pp. 123-132
ISSN:
0029-8549
Subject:
primary productivity; arid lands; Larrea tridentata; dormancy breaking; seasonal variation; summer; grasslands; correlation; monsoon season; ecosystems; atmospheric precipitation; grasses; shrublands; heat; models; soil water; storms; biodiversity; shrubs; landscapes; warm season; spring; Bouteloua eriopoda; Chihuahuan Desert
Abstract:
... Aboveground net primary production (ANPP) dynamics are a key element in the understanding of ecosystem processes. For semiarid environments, the pulse-reserve framework links ANPP to variable and unpredictable precipitation events contingent on surficial hydrology, soil moisture dynamics, biodiversity structure, trophic dynamics, and landscape context. Consequently, ANPP may be decoupled periodica ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00442-007-0880-2
PubMed:
17968592

44. Above vs. belowground plant biomass along a barrier island: Implications for dune stabilization

Author:
Charbonneau, Bianca R.; Wnek, John P.; Langley, J. Adam; Lee, Gina; Balsamo, Ronald A.
Source:
Journal of environmental management 2016
ISSN:
0301-4797
Subject:
Ammophila breviligulata; Carex; aboveground biomass; biodiversity; coasts; dunes; grasses; plant density; root shoot ratio; root systems; roots; sand; vegetation; New Jersey
Abstract:
... Coastal regions are inherently and increasingly vulnerable and geomorphologically unstable, yet are invaluable economic and residential hubs. Dunes are dynamic buffers to erosion and the most natural, economical, and effective defense for coastal communities. Vegetation is integral to dune structure as it facilitates accretion and stabilization. Differences in the vegetation and root density likel ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.06.032

45. A brief overview of the ACEP project: Ecosystem Processes in the KwaZulu-Natal Bight

Author:
Fennessy, ST; Roberts, MJ; Paterson, AW
Source:
African journal of marine science 2016 v.38 no.sup1 pp. S1
ISSN:
1814-2338
Subject:
biodiversity; coasts; ecosystems; nutrients; summer; surveys; winter; Indian Ocean; South Africa
Abstract:
... This introductory paper lays the basis for this supplementary issue by briefly presenting the state of knowledge on the KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) Bight at the start of this multi-disciplinary, multi-institutional, ship-based research project that ran from 2009 to 2013. The rationale and aims of the project are also described. The project was a major component of the South African Department of Science a ...
DOI:
10.2989/1814232X.2016.1141116

46. A Bryophyte Inventory of Carlsbad Caverns National Park

Author:
Kleinman, Russ; Blisard, Karen S.; Allred, Kelly W.; West, Renée
Source:
Evansia 2020 v.37 no.2 pp. 50-60
ISSN:
2330-9148
Subject:
Bryophyta; Riccia; biodiversity; cliffs; habitats; inventories; limestone; mosses and liverworts; national parks; photographs; New Mexico
Abstract:
... The bryophytes of Carlsbad Caverns National Park were collected and inventoried. A total of 41 bryophyte species were found including 38 moss species in eight families, and three liverwort species in two families. No hornworts were found. The liverwort Riccia atromarginata Levier is reported new for New Mexico. We provide the first photographs of Mannia paradoxa Schuster, collected by Schuster at ...
DOI:
10.1639/0747-9859-37.2.50

47. Absence of haemoparasite infection in the fossorial amphisbaenian Trogonophis wiegmanni

Author:
MARTÍN, JOSÉ; GARRIDO, MARIO; ORTEGA, JESÚS; GARCÍA-ROA, ROBERTO; IBÁÑEZ, ALEJANDRO; MARZAL, ALFONSO
Source:
Parasitology 2016 v.143 no.11 pp. 1433-1436
ISSN:
1469-8161
Subject:
DNA; Haemoproteus; Hepatozoon; Plasmodium; biodiversity; blood; hemoparasites; host-parasite relationships; hosts; lizards; surveys; Western Africa
Abstract:
... Blood parasites such as haemogregarines and haemosporidians have been identified in almost all groups of vertebrates. However, very little is known about biodiversity of these parasites and their effects on some major groups of reptiles such as amphisbaenians, a distinctive group with many morphological and ecological adaptations to fossorial life. Conditions of the fossorial environment might als ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0031182016000950
PubMed:
27220552

48. Absence of nectar resource partitioning in a community of parasitoid wasps

Author:
Menz, Myles H. M.; Brown, Graham R.; Dixon, Kingsley W.; Phillips, Ryan D.
Source:
Journal of insect conservation 2015 v.19 no.4 pp. 703-711
ISSN:
1366-638X
Subject:
Eucalyptus marginata; Hymenoptera; Orchidaceae; adults; biodiversity; carbohydrates; flowers; habitats; honeydew; larvae; nectar; parasitic wasps; pollen; pollination; trees; Australia
Abstract:
... Parasitoid wasps occur in diverse communities, with the adults of most species sourcing carbohydrates from nectar or honeydew. However, the role of niche partitioning of nectar resources in maintaining diverse communities of parasitoid Hymenoptera is poorly known. To elucidate patterns of nectar resource use and test whether species partition resources, we investigated pollen loads in a community ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10841-015-9793-2

49. Abundance and distribution of cavity trees and the effect of topography on cavity presence in a tropical rainforest, southwestern China

Author:
Liu, Jun-Yan; Zheng, Zheng; Xu, Xiao; Dong, Tingfa; Chen, Si-Chong
Source:
Canadian journal of forest research 2018 v.48 no.9 pp. 1058-1066
ISSN:
1208-6037
Subject:
altitude; biodiversity; birds; landscapes; mammals; prediction; probability; temperate forests; tree and stand measurements; trees; tropical rain forests; tropics; valleys; China
Abstract:
... Cavity trees play a crucial role in maintaining biodiversity in forest ecosystems as they host numerous birds, mammals, and other cavity-dependent organisms. However, studies on the abundance and distribution of cavity trees in tropical forests are much less common than those in temperate forests. Also, how tree characteristics and topographic variables affect cavity presence is less clear in trop ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjfr-2018-0044

50. Abundance and distribution of organic mound-building ants of the Formica rufa group in Yellowstone National Park

Author:
Risch, A.C.; Jurgensen, M.F.; Storer, A.J.; Hyslop, M.D.; Schütz, M.
Source:
Journal of applied entomology 2008 v.132 no.4 pp. 326-336
ISSN:
0931-2048
Subject:
ant nests; roads; carbon; Formica obscuripes; nutrients; grasslands; insects; Formica rufa; biogeochemical cycles; forests; ecosystem engineers; ecosystems; conifers; atmospheric precipitation; humans; soil invertebrates; models; biodiversity; national parks; probability; surveys; geographic information systems; energy flow; Pseudotsuga menziesii; Wyoming; Asia; Montana
Abstract:
... Red wood ants (Formica rufa group) are ubiquitous in many conifer and mixed-conifer forests of northern Europe and Asia. In contrast, relatively little is known about the abundance and distribution of the 24 North American F. rufa group species. As ants are important components of most soil invertebrate communities and are considered ecosystem engineers that alter the flow of energy and nutrients ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1439-0418.2007.01243.x

51. Abundance and Diversity of Arthropods in Nests of Lark Sparrows (Chondestes grammacus)

Author:
Tsakiris, Eric T.; Jacobson, Martin D.; Long, Ashley M.; Jensen, William E.
Source:
The Southwestern naturalist 2013 v.58 no.1 pp. 113-117
ISSN:
0038-4909
Subject:
Emberizidae; Mimus; arthropods; biodiversity; birds; ectoparasites; habitats; nesting; nestlings; nests; prescribed burning; temperature
Abstract:
... We examined abundance and diversity of arthropods in nests of lark sparrows (Chondestes grammacus). No true ectoparasite occurred in the nests sampled (n = 69) and no ectoparasite was found on nestlings. However, 67% of nests contained non-parasitic arthropods from ≥16 families. There was no significant difference in number of arthropods per gram of nesting material or diversity (at familial to hi ...
DOI:
10.1894/0038-4909-58.1.113

52. Abundance and Diversity of CO2-Assimilating Bacteria and Algae Within Red Agricultural Soils Are Modulated by Changing Management Practice

Author:
Yuan, Hongzhao; Ge, Tida; Chen, Xiangbi; Liu, Shoulong; Zhu, Zhenke; Wu, Xiaohong; Wei, Wenxue; Whiteley, Andrew Steven; Wu, Jinshui
Source:
Microbial ecology 2015 v.70 no.4 pp. 971-980
ISSN:
0095-3628
Subject:
plantations; agricultural soils; rice; soil organic carbon; Oryza sativa; management systems; carbon sinks; genes; phosphorus; land use; forests; carbon dioxide; nitrogen content; restriction fragment length polymorphism; agroecosystems; tea; community structure; Calvin cycle; corn; soil management; biodiversity; paddies; carbon dioxide production; Acrisols; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase; acid soils; edaphic factors; bacteria; crops; China
Abstract:
... Elucidating the biodiversity of CO₂-assimilating bacterial and algal communities in soils is important for obtaining a mechanistic view of terrestrial carbon sinks operating at global scales. “Red” acidic soils (Orthic Acrisols) cover large geographic areas and are subject to a range of management practices, which may alter the balance between carbon dioxide production and assimilation through cha ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00248-015-0621-8

53. Abundance and diversity of iron reducing bacteria communities in the sediments of a heavily polluted freshwater lake

Author:
Fan, Yang-Yang; Li, Bing-Bing; Yang, Zong-Chuang; Cheng, Yuan-Yuan; Liu, Dong-Feng; Yu, Han-Qing
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 2018 v.102 no.24 pp. 10791-10801
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
Desulfuromonas; Geobacter; Shewanella; Thiobacillus; bacteria; bacterial communities; biodiversity; bioelectricity; bioremediation; carbon; cold; cold season; eutrophication; freshwater lakes; iron; models; nitrogen; nutrients; phosphorus; phylogeny; sediments; China
Abstract:
... Iron reduction mediated by Fe(III)-reducing bacteria (FeRB) occurs in aqueous environments and plays an essential role in removing contaminates in polluted freshwater lakes. Two model FeRB species, Shewanella and Geobacter, have been intensively studied because of their functions in bioremediation, iron reduction, and bioelectricity production. However, the abundance and community diversity of She ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00253-018-9443-1

54. Abundance and diversity of soil invertebrates in annual crops, agroforestry and forest ecosystems in the Nilgiri biosphere reserve of Western Ghats, India

Author:
Mujeeb Rahman, P.; Varma, R. V.; Sileshi, G. W.
Source:
Agroforestry systems 2012 v.85 no.1 pp. 165-177
ISSN:
0167-4366
Subject:
Araneae; Chilopoda; Coleoptera; Diplopoda; Formicidae; Gryllidae; Isoptera; agroforestry; biodiversity; continuous cropping; earthworms; ecosystem services; field crops; forest ecosystems; forest plantations; forests; habitat destruction; land use change; soil; soil ecology; soil sampling; trees; India
Abstract:
... Biologically mediated soil processes rely on soil biota to provide vital ecosystem services in natural and managed ecosystems. However, land use changes continue to impact on assemblages of soil biota and the ecosystem services they provide. The objective of the present study was to assess the effect of land use intensification on the distribution and abundance of soil invertebrate communities in ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10457-011-9386-3

55. Abundance and use of cavity trees at the tree- and stand-levels in natural and plantation forests in Hokkaido, Japan

Author:
Kikuchi, Kokoro; Akasaka, Takumi; Yamaura, Yuichi; Nakamura, Futoshi
Source:
Journal of forest research 2013 v.18 no.5 pp. 389-397
ISSN:
1610-7403
Subject:
biodiversity; conifers; dead wood; forest plantations; forests; trees; Japan
Abstract:
... The conservation of cavity trees in plantations is important for maintaining biodiversity because cavity trees are one of the forest attributes most strongly affected by forestry operations. We surveyed the occurrence of cavities at the tree-level and the abundance of cavity trees and the number of uses by secondary cavity users at the stand-level in natural and conifer plantation forests in Hokka ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10310-012-0358-x

56. Abundance, movements and biodiversity of flying predatory insects in crop and non-crop agroecosystems

Author:
Sorribas, Juan; González, Sandra; Domínguez-Gento, Alfons; Vercher, Rosa
Source:
Agronomy for sustainable development 2016 v.36 no.2 pp. 34
ISSN:
1774-0746
Subject:
Neuroptera; adults; agroecosystems; biodiversity; canopy; chemical treatment; crops; farming systems; flight; fruit trees; habitats; infrastructure; migratory behavior; models; natural enemies; orchards; pesticides; pests; predatory insects; shelterbelts; spring; sticky traps; vegetation cover; Spain
Abstract:
... Predatory insects are key natural enemies that can highly reduce crops pest damage. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the movements of flying predatory insects in agroecosystems throughout the year. In particular, it is still unclear how these predators move from crop to non-crop habitats, which are the preferred habitats to overwinter and to spread during the spring and if these predato ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13593-016-0360-3

57. Abundance of introduced species at home predicts abundance away in herbaceous communities

Author:
Firn, Jennifer; Moore, Joslin L.; MacDougall, Andrew S.; Borer, Elizabeth T.; Seabloom, Eric W.; HilleRisLambers, Janneke; Harpole, W. Stanley; Cleland, Elsa E.; Brown, Cynthia S.; Knops, Johannes M.H.; Prober, Suzanne M.; Pyke, David A.; Farrell, Kelly A.; Bakker, John D.; O'Halloran, Lydia R.; Adler, Peter B.; Collins, Scott L.; D'Antonio, Carla M.; Crawley, Michael J.; Wolkovich, Elizabeth M.; La Pierre, Kimberly J.; Melbourne, Brett A.; Hautier, Yann; Morgan, John W.; Leakey, Andrew D.B.; Kay, Adam; McCulley, Rebecca; Davies, Kendi F.; Stevens, Carly J.; Chu, Cheng-Jin; Holl, Karen D.; Klein, Julia A.; Fay, Philip A.; Hagenah, Nicole; Kirkman, Kevin P.; Buckley, Yvonne M.
Source:
Ecology letters 2011 v.14 no.3 pp. 274-281
ISSN:
1461-023X
Subject:
biodiversity; biosecurity; colonizing ability; ecosystems; forbs; grasses; introduced plants
Abstract:
... Ecology letters (2011) 14: 274-281 ABSTRACT: Many ecosystems worldwide are dominated by introduced plant species, leading to loss of biodiversity and ecosystem function. A common but rarely tested assumption is that these plants are more abundant in introduced vs. native communities, because ecological or evolutionary-based shifts in populations underlie invasion success. Here, data for 26 herbace ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01584.x
PubMed:
21281419

58. Abundance of pest and benign Cerambycidae both increase with decreasing forest productivity

Author:
Raje, Kapil R.; Abdel‐Moniem, Hossam E. M.; Farlee, Lenny; Ferris, Virginia R.; Holland, Jeffrey D.
Source:
Agricultural and forest entomology 2012 v.14 no.2 pp. 165-169
ISSN:
1461-9555
Subject:
Cerambycidae; biodiversity; ecosystem services; forest health; forest resources; forests; hardwood; pests; pollination; population dynamics; sustainable forestry; trees
Abstract:
... 1 The sustainable use of forest resources requires an understanding of the influence of site conditions and forest health on both pest species and those species providing ecosystem services such as pollination and decomposition. 2 The beetle family Cerambycidae is diverse and contains both pest and nonpest species, with many species performing such ecosystem services. 3 We predicted that as hardwo ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1461-9563.2011.00555.x

59. Abundance, Richness, Seasonal and Altitudinal Dynamics of Aquatic True Bugs (Heteroptera) in Mountain Wetlands of Argentina

Author:
Scheibler, E. E.; Melo, M. C.; Montemayor, S. I.; Scollo, A. M.
Source:
Wetlands 2016 v.36 no.2 pp. 265-274
ISSN:
0277-5212
Subject:
Belostomatidae; Corixidae; Gelastocoridae; Notonectidae; adults; altitude; biodiversity; community structure; global warming; habitats; monitoring; ponds; summer; temporal variation; univoltine habit; water temperature; wetlands; Andes region; Argentina
Abstract:
... Mountain wetlands provide unique information because their biota is highly specific and contributes significantly to regional diversity. The goals of this study were assessing altitudinal and temporal variation in the distribution of Heteropteran assemblages in mountain wetlands; and studying the phenology of the most abundant species. All stages of Heteroptera and data on environmental variables ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13157-016-0735-x

60. Abyssal scavenging demersal fauna at two areas of contrasting productivity on the Subantarctic Crozet Plateau, southern Indian Ocean

Author:
Cousins, NJ; Horton, T; Wigham, BD; Bagley, PM
Source:
African journal of marine science 2013 v.35 no.2 pp. 299-306
ISSN:
1814-2338
Subject:
Amphipoda; Gryllus; biodiversity; cameras; fauna; fish; food availability; invertebrates; islands; new species; organic matter; plateaus; predation; summer; traps; Crozet Islands; Indian Ocean
Abstract:
... The Crozet Plateau is situated below typical high-nutrient, low-chlorophyll (HNLC) waters of the southern Indian Ocean. The area to the east of the Crozet Islands experiences high levels of surface productivity during the austral summer due to natural iron enrichment from terrestrial sources and favourable light conditions. The demersal scavenging fauna at two areas of contrasting productivity, to ...
DOI:
10.2989/1814232X.2013.802747

61. Acacia trees on the cultural landscapes of the Red Sea Hills

Author:
Hobbs, Joseph J.; Krzywinski, Knut; Andersen, Gidske L.; Talib, Mohamed; Pierce, Richard H.; Saadallah, Ahmed E. M.
Source:
Biodiversity and conservation 2014 v.23 no.12 pp. 2923-2943
ISSN:
0960-3115
Subject:
Acacia tortilis; arid lands; biodiversity; cultural landscape; decision making; ecosystem services; ecosystems; fuels; hills; humans; indigenous knowledge; interviews; keystone species; kinship; livelihood; microhabitats; migratory behavior; nomadic people; pastoralism; trees; vegetation; Egypt; Red Sea; Sudan
Abstract:
... This paper examines interactions between five pastoral nomadic culture groups of the Egyptian and Sudanese Red Sea Hills and the acacia trees Acacia tortilis (Forssk.) Hayne subsp. tortilis and subsp. raddiana growing in their arid environments. A. tortilis is described as a keystone species both ecologically and culturally: the trees play such critical roles in ecosystems and social groups that t ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10531-014-0755-x

62. A Candide response to Panglossian accusations by Randolph and Dobson: biodiversity buffers disease

Author:
OSTFELD, RICHARD S.
Source:
Parasitology 2013 v.140 no.10 pp. 1196-1198
ISSN:
1469-8161
Subject:
biodiversity; disease transmission; infectious diseases; risk
Abstract:
... Randolph and Dobson (2012) criticize the dilution effect, which describes the negative relationship between biodiversity and infectious disease risk. Unfortunately, their commentary includes distortions, errors of omission, and errors of commission, which are rebutted herein. Contrary to their claims, the dilution effect is not a ‘mantra’ that asserts that reduced disease risk is a ‘universal’ out ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0031182013000541
PubMed:
23714391

63. A captive breeding experiment reveals no evidence of reproductive isolation among lineages of a polytypic poison frog

Author:
Dugas, Matthew B.; Richards‐Zawacki, Corinne L.
Source:
Biological journal of the Linnean Society 2015 v.116 no.1 pp. 52-62
ISSN:
0024-4066
Subject:
backcrossing; biodiversity; color; frogs; prediction; progeny; reproductive isolation; secondary contact; sexual selection; strawberries
Abstract:
... Reproductive isolation is central to the generation of biodiversity, yet a clear understanding of the contributions of alternative reproductive barriers to this process remains elusive. Studies of young lineages that have diverged in ecologically important traits can offer insights into the chronology and relative importance of various isolating mechanisms during speciation. In poison frogs (Dendr ...
DOI:
10.1111/bij.12571

64. Acari and Collembola biodiversity in Canadian agricultural soils

Author:
Behan-Pelletier, V.M.
Source:
Canadian journal of soil science 2003 v.83 no.3 pp. 279-288
ISSN:
0008-4271
Subject:
Acari; Collembola; agricultural soils; agroecosystems; biodiversity; habitats; life history; mites; population structure; soil ecology; taxonomy
Abstract:
... In Canadian agricultural soils, mites (Acari) are the most diverse and abundant arthropods. In comparison with other arachnids, mites are notable for their small size, diverse feeding habits, often complex life histories, and the range of habitats in which they live. Collembola are also abundant and diverse in soil and litter, they are in the same size range as the Acari, and for that reason the t ...

65. A case of biodiversity overestimation in the Balkan Belgrandiella A. J. Wagner, 1927 (Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae): molecular divergence not paralleled by high morphological variation

Author:
Osikowski, Artur; Hofman, Sebastian; Rysiewska, Aleksandra; Sket, Boris; Prevorčnik, Simona; Falniowski, Andrzej
Source:
Journal of natural history 2018 v.52 no.5-6 pp. 323-344
ISSN:
1464-5262
Subject:
Hydrobiidae; biodiversity; cytochrome-c oxidase; fauna; females; genetic markers; geographical distribution; indigenous species; mitochondria; snails; spring; taxonomy; Bosnia-Herzegovina; Croatia; Slovenia
Abstract:
... Belgrandiella A. J. Wagner, 1927 is a genus comprising minute snails with conic or turriform shells that are facultative stygobionts, inhabiting subterranean waters and springs. Few specimens or even empty shells of this taxon can be found, so the taxonomy is based mostly on the shell morphology and geographic distribution. Anatomy is known for a few taxa, and its usefulness is restricted. This, c ...
DOI:
10.1080/00222933.2018.1424959

66. A case study for assessing fish traceability in Egyptian aquafeed formulations using pyrosequencing and metabarcoding

Author:
Galal-Khallaf, Asmaa; Osman, Alaa G.M.; Carleos, Carlos E.; Garcia-Vazquez, Eva; Borrell, Yaisel J.
Source:
Fisheries research 2016 v.174 pp. 143-150
ISSN:
0165-7836
Subject:
Chelidonichthys; DNA barcoding; Pangasianodon hypophthalmus; Perciformes; Sardinella; Saurida undosquamis; biodiversity; case studies; fish; fish culture; fish feeds; fisheries; fisheries management; food production; herbivores; high-throughput nucleotide sequencing; oceans; omnivores; traceability; Egypt
Abstract:
... Aquaculture is currently the fastest-growing food production system worldwide. It is highly dependent upon marine capture fisheries as its key dietary inputs, what could seriously compromise oceans biodiversity. Here we employed a DNA metabarcoding approach, based on 454 Next generation sequencing (NGS), for fish species detection in seven Egyptian aqua-feed samples. Up to 13 fish species belongin ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fishres.2015.09.009

67. A Case Study of Allocasuarina robusta Recovery Using History and Biogeography to Identify Future Priorities

Author:
Pearson, Matthew W
Source:
Journal of resources and ecology 2020 v.11 no.2 pp. 171-181
ISSN:
1674-764X
Subject:
Allocasuarina; anthropogenic activities; biodiversity; biogeography; case studies; conservation practices; fauna; grazing; herbaria; indigenous species; introduced species; land use; natural regeneration; planting; threatened species; urbanization; South Australia
Abstract:
... Identifying the cause of a threatened species can aid in how best to formulate recovery actions. Recovery can be based on broad concepts and may not reflect a specific community or species requirements. Urban sprawl and intensification of land are known as threatening processes. How a threatening process interacts with a threatened species can aid in the recovery efforts. In South Australia, the s ...
DOI:
10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2020.02.005

68. A case study of evidence for showing ‘no net loss’ of bird biodiversity in a development project

Author:
Murata, Natsuki; Feest, Alan
Source:
Water and environment journal 2015 v.29 no.3 pp. 419-429
ISSN:
1747-6585
Subject:
biodiversity; birds; case studies; development projects; estuaries; habitats; Wales
Abstract:
... Given the development of global pressures on habitats and biodiversity, it is important that developments are accompanied with a compensation element leading to ‘no net loss’. We show how (using a standardised sampling process) a statistical assessment of the biodiversity quality of the target organisms (birds) in a compensatory provision can be shown to be a compensation or not. We used the examp ...
DOI:
10.1111/wej.12124

69. A case study of farming in Australia’s high rainfall zone: exploring past and future potential farming intensification and biodiversity management

Author:
Carr-Cornish, Simone; Hall, Nina
Source:
Australasian Journal of Environmental Management 2016 v.23 no.1 pp. 21-35
ISSN:
2159-5356
Subject:
agricultural education; biodiversity; case studies; extension education; farmers; farming systems; grazing; interviews; issues and policy; land use change; rain; sheep; South Australia; Western Australia
Abstract:
... This case study explored the intentions of farmers to intensify their farming in Australia’s high rainfall zone (HRZ). The zone spans across eastern Australia and small portions of South Australia and south-western Western Australia. The zone supports both high farming productivity and significant biodiversity, and has the potential for future intensification. The research aim was to identify past ...
DOI:
10.1080/14486563.2015.1041067

70. A case study on effects of oil spills and tar-ball pollution on beaches of Goa (India)

Author:
Rekadwad, Bhagwan N; Khobragade, Chandrahasya N
Source:
Marine pollution bulletin 2015 v.100 no.1 pp. 567-570
ISSN:
0025-326X
Subject:
beaches; biodiversity; case studies; coasts; control methods; marine ecosystems; oil spills; tourism; water pollution; India
Abstract:
... This paper reports the impact of oil spills and tar-ball pollution on the coastal ecosystem of Goa. The factors responsible for degrading the marine ecosystem of the Goan coastline are analyzed. Uncontrolled activities were found to degrade the marine and coastal biodiversity, in turn polluting all beaches. This had a direct impact on the Goan economy through a decline in tourism. The government m ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.08.019

71. A Cautionary Note on the Use of Benefit Metrics for Cost-Effective Conservation

Author:
Fooks, Jacob R.; Messer, Kent D.; Kecinski, Maik
Source:
Environmental and resource economics 2018 v.71 no.4 pp. 985-999
ISSN:
0924-6460
Subject:
biodiversity; cost effectiveness; ecosystem services; flood control; food security; land management; linear programming; professionals; water quality
Abstract:
... Cost-effective land conservation techniques, such as optimization, have the potential to contribute substantially to the provision of many important environmental benefits, such as biodiversity protection, flood control, food security, water quality, and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. There has been a recent push for conservation organizations to adopt project selection optimization approa ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10640-017-0192-x

72. Acca sellowiana: Physical-chemical-sensorial characterization and gastronomic potentialities

Author:
Amaral, Fabiana Mortimer; Southgate, Alice Nogueira Novaes; Komatsu, Roberto Akitoshi; Scheuer, Patrícia Matos; Maresch, Gustavo Adolfo; da Silva, Julyetty Crystyne
Source:
International journal of gastronomy and food science 2019 v.17 pp. 100159
ISSN:
1878-450X
Subject:
Acca sellowiana; agroforestry; biodiversity; chefs; cultivars; drying; ecosystems; flora; flowers; foods; forests; fruit compotes; fruits; gastronomy; income; indigenous species; leaves; new products; osmotic treatment; ovens; pH; plants (botany); sensory evaluation; spices; supply chain; sweetness; taste; total soluble solids; Brazil
Abstract:
... The gastronomical use of wild and native foods has gained the attention of chefs around the world in the search for new flavors. To make use of such foods also helps in the preservation of local and native flora. Native plants should be reconsidered throughout their value chain, linking their socio-cultural importance, their health benefits and their economic advantages to local communities. Brazi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijgfs.2019.100159

73. ACC deaminase in plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB): An efficient mechanism to counter salt stress in crops

Author:
Orozco-Mosqueda, Ma. del Carmen; Glick, Bernard R.; Santoyo, Gustavo
Source:
Microbiological research 2020 v.235 pp. 126439
ISSN:
0944-5013
Subject:
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase; 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid; Bacillus (bacteria); agricultural soils; ammonia; biodiversity; crops; endophytes; enzyme activity; ethylene; plant growth; plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria; rhizosphere bacteria; salinity; salt stress; salt tolerance; soil salinity; stress tolerance; toxicity; trehalose
Abstract:
... Salinity in agricultural soil is a major problem around the world, with negative consequences for the growth and production of a wide range of crops. To counteract these harmful effects, plants sometimes have bacterial partners that contain the enzyme 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase, which acts by degrading ACC (the precursor of ethylene in all higher plants). The enzymatic a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.micres.2020.126439

74. Accelerated climate change and its potential impact on Yak herding livelihoods in the eastern Tibetan plateau

Author:
Haynes, Michelle A.; Kung, King-Jau Samuel; Brandt, Jodi S.; Yongping, Yang; Waller, Donald M.
Source:
Climatic change 2014 v.123 no.2 pp. 147-160
ISSN:
0165-0009
Subject:
biodiversity; climate; climate change; growing season; herding; livelihood; monsoon season; plant communities; snow; spring; summer; temperature; yaks; China
Abstract:
... The Tibetan Plateau has experienced rapid warming like most other alpine regions. Regional assessments show rates of warming comparable with the arctic region and decreasing Asian summer monsoons. We used meteorological station daily precipitation and daily maximum and minimum temperature data from 80 stations in the eastern Tibetan Plateau of southwest China to calculate local variation in the ra ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10584-013-1043-6

75. Accelerated Human Population Growth at Protected Area Edges

Author:
Wittemyer, George; Elsen, Paul; Bean, William T.; Burton, A. Coleman O.; Brashares, Justin S.
Source:
Science 2008 v.321 no.5885 pp. 123-126
ISSN:
0036-8075
Subject:
biodiversity; conservation areas; conservation programs; ecoregions; funding; human population; human settlements; people; population growth; prediction; rural communities; Africa; Latin America
Abstract:
... Protected areas (PAs) have long been criticized as creations of and for an elite few, where associated costs, but few benefits, are borne by marginalized rural communities. Contrary to predictions of this argument, we found that average human population growth rates on the borders of 306 PAs in 45 countries in Africa and Latin America were nearly double average rural growth, suggesting that PAs at ...
DOI:
10.1126/science.1158900

76. Accelerated recovery of calcium carbonate production in coral reefs using low-tech ecological restoration

Author:
Tortolero-Langarica, J.J. Adolfo; Rodríguez-Troncoso, Alma P.; Cupul-Magaña, Amílcar L.; Alarcón-Ortega, Lucy C.; Santiago-Valentín, Jeimy D.
Source:
Ecological engineering 2019 v.128 pp. 89-97
ISSN:
0925-8574
Subject:
biodiversity; calcium carbonate; climate change; coral reefs; corals; ecological restoration; ecosystem services; survival rate
Abstract:
... Ongoing climate change and frequent anomalous thermal events have greatly contributed to the deterioration of coral reefs worldwide, exacerbating declines in coral reef formation and ecosystem service provision. Under this climate change scenario, the development and improvement of restoration techniques will be required to cope with coral reef degradation. This study demonstrates the potential us ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecoleng.2019.01.002

77. Accelerating Silphium Domestication: An Opportunity to Develop New Crop Ideotypes and Breeding Strategies Informed by Multiple Disciplines

Author:
Van Tassel, David L.; Albrecht, Kenneth A.; Bever, James D.; Boe, Arvid A.; Brandvain, Yaniv; Crews, Timothy E.; Gansberger, Markus; Gerstberger, Pedro; González-Paleo, Luciana; Hulke, Brent S.; Kane, Nolan C.; Johnson, Paul J.; Pestsova, Elena G.; Picasso Risso, Valentín D.; Prasifka, Jarrad R.; Ravetta, Damian A.; Schlautman, Brandon; Sheaffer, Craig C.; Smith, Kevin P.; Speranza, Pablo R.; Turner, M. Kathryn; Vilela, Alejandra E.; von Gehren, Philipp; Wever, Christian
Source:
Crop science 2017 v.57 no.3 pp. 1274-1284
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; Medicago sativa; Silphium perfoliatum; Zea mays; agricultural land; alfalfa; biodiversity; biomass production; corn; diploidy; domestication; ecophysiology; ecosystem services; energy; energy crops; forage quality; genetic variation; high-throughput nucleotide sequencing; ideotypes; microbiome; monitoring; oils; oilseeds; perennials; planning; pollinators; seeds; soil; stress tolerance; taste
Abstract:
... Silphium perfoliatum L. (cup plant, silphie) and S. integrifolium Michx. (rosinweed, silflower) are in the same subfamily and tribe as sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Silphium perfoliatum has been grown in many countries as a forage or bioenergy crop with forage quality approaching that of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and biomass yield close to maize (Zea mays L.) in some environments. Silphium ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2016.10.0834

78. Accelerating the monitoring of global biodiversity: Revisiting the sampled approach to generating Red List Indices

Author:
Henriques, Sérgio; Böhm, Monika; Collen, Ben; Luedtke, Jennifer; Hoffmann, Michael; Hilton‐Taylor, Craig; Cardoso, Pedro; Butchart, Stuart H. M.; Freeman, Robin
Source:
Conservation letters 2020 v.13 no.3 pp. e12703
ISSN:
1755-263X
Subject:
biodiversity; monitoring; sample size
Abstract:
... Given the current biodiversity crisis, pragmatic approaches to detect global conservation trends across a broad range of taxa are critical. A sampled approach to the Red List Index (RLI) was proposed, as many groups are highly speciose. However, a decade after its conception, the recommended 900 species sample has only been implemented in six groups and trend data are available for none, potential ...
DOI:
10.1111/conl.12703

79. Accelerating tropical forest restoration through the selective removal of pioneer species

Author:
Swinfield, Tom; Afriandi, Roki; Antoni, Ferry; Harrison, Rhett D.
Source:
Forest ecology and management 2016 v.381 pp. 209-216
ISSN:
0378-1127
Subject:
El Nino; biodiversity; canopy; carbon sequestration; cost effectiveness; forest management; forest restoration; forest stands; long term effects; monitoring; natural regeneration; photography; pioneer species; planting; secondary forests; stand composition; stems; tropical forests; understory
Abstract:
... Demand for tropical forest restoration has grown rapidly as the potential role of recovering secondary forests in sequestering carbon and enhancing biodiversity has been recognised. Active forest management is often prescribed to accelerate natural regeneration, but evidence for the efficacy of interventions is scarce for tropical forests. In this study we examine the hypothesis that the selective ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foreco.2016.09.020

80. Accentuating the positive while eliminating the negative of alien tree invasions: a multiple ecosystem services approach to prioritising control efforts

Author:
Mason, Norman W. H.; Palmer, David J.; Vetrova, Varvara; Brabyn, Lars; Paul, Thomas; Willemse, Peter; Peltzer, Duane A.
Source:
Biological invasions 2017 v.19 no.4 pp. 1181-1195
ISSN:
1387-3547
Subject:
algorithms; biodiversity; carbon sequestration; ecological invasion; ecosystem services; environmental impact; invasive species; landscapes; models; prioritization; trees; watersheds; New Zealand
Abstract:
... Invasive plants can have both positive and negative impacts on ecosystem services (ES), with decisions on control often being characterised by conflicts over loss of their perceived positive impacts on individual ES following removal. We present an analytical framework to aid in reducing such conflicts by allocating control effort to both minimise negative impacts and to maximise positive impacts ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10530-016-1307-y

81. Acceptability of residential development in a regional landscape: Potential effects on wildlife occupancy patterns

Author:
Bettigole, Charles A.; Donovan, Therese M.; Manning, Robert; Austin, John; Long, Robert
Source:
Biological conservation 2014 v.169 pp. 401-409
ISSN:
0006-3207
Subject:
Lynx rufus; Martes; Ursus americanus; biodiversity; carrying capacity; growth and development; habitat destruction; human growth; human population; humans; land cover; land use; landscapes; managers; models; natural resources conservation; population growth; risk; towns; wildlife; Vermont
Abstract:
... The conversion of natural lands to developed uses may pose the single greatest human threat to global terrestrial biodiversity. Continued human growth and development over the next century will further exacerbate these effects of habitat loss and fragmentation. Natural resource managers are tasked with managing wildlife as a public trust, yet often have little say in land use decisions. Generally ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biocon.2013.07.029

82. Access and benefit sharing––The perspective of basic research

Author:
Beck, Erwin
Source:
Phytomedicine 2019 v.53 pp. 302-307
ISSN:
0944-7113
Subject:
European Union; biodiversity; compliance; ownership; protocols; research and development; research projects; researchers; uncertainty
Abstract:
... With the adoption of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) the 196 member countries have agreed that organisms and their derivatives are the property of the country of their origin (CBD Art.3, Art 15). While the spirit of the CBD is generally acknowledged, the ownership causes considerable problems, last not least for research which by the CBD is considered as “use of genetic (=biological) ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.phymed.2018.10.018

83. Access and Benefit Sharing under the Convention on Biological Diversity and Its Protocol: What Can Some Numbers Tell Us about the Effectiveness of the Regulatory Regime?

Author:
Pauchard, Nicolas
Source:
Resources 2017 v.6 no.1
ISSN:
2079-9276
Subject:
biodiversity; data collection; genetic resources
Abstract:
... The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), adopted in 1992 and entered into force at the end of 1993, established a global regime on access to genetic resources (GR) and sharing of benefits arising from their utilization (Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) regime). Its protocol—the Nagoya Protocol (NP)—which entered into force 21 years later in 2014, clears up some terminological ambiguities of t ...
DOI:
10.3390/resources6010011

84. Accessibility drives species exposure to recreation in a fragmented urban reserve network

Author:
Larson, Courtney L.; Reed, Sarah E.; Merenlender, Adina M.; Crooks, Kevin R.
Source:
Landscape and urban planning 2018 v.175 pp. 62-71
ISSN:
0169-2046
Subject:
Polioptila californica; biodiversity; conservation areas; ecosystem services; environmental impact; expert opinion; land use; models; outdoor recreation; socioeconomic factors; surveys; threatened species; California
Abstract:
... Outdoor recreation is a valuable ecosystem service permitted in most protected areas globally. Land-use planners and managers are often responsible for providing access to natural areas for recreation while avoiding environmental impacts such as declines of threatened species. Since recreation can have harmful effects on biodiversity, reliable information about protected-area visitation patterns i ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.03.009

85. Accessibility maps as a tool to predict sampling bias in historical biodiversity occurrence records

Author:
Monsarrat, Sophie; Boshoff, Andre F.; Kerley, Graham I. H.
Source:
Ecography 2019 v.42 no.1 pp. 125-136
ISSN:
0906-7590
Subject:
atmospheric precipitation; biodiversity; data collection; ecosystems; freshwater; historical records; mammals; models; net primary productivity; prediction; temperature; South Africa
Abstract:
... Historical biodiversity occurrence records are often discarded in spatial modeling analyses because of a lack of a method to quantify their sampling bias. Here we propose a new approach for predicting sampling bias in historical written records of occurrence, using a South African example as proof of concept. We modelled and mapped accessibility of the study area as the mean of proximity to freshw ...
DOI:
10.1111/ecog.03944

86. Accessibility of urban blue in German major cities

Author:
Wüstemann, Henry; Kalisch, Dennis; Kolbe, Jens
Source:
Ecological indicators 2017 v.78 pp. 125-130
ISSN:
1470-160X
Subject:
European Union; biodiversity; cities; ecosystem services; ecosystems; households; human health; issues and policy; landscapes; nationalities and ethnic groups; planning; socioeconomics; urban areas; urban population; Germany
Abstract:
... Action 5 of the EU 2020 Biodiversity Strategy explicitly mentions that EU member states, with assistance of the Commission, will map and assess the state of ecosystems and ecosystem services in their national territory by 2014. Water represents an important landscape element and contributes to human health and well-being in urban areas. However, in Germany – like in many other European countries – ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecolind.2017.02.035

87. “Accidental” urban wetlands: ecosystem functions in unexpected places

Author:
Palta, Monica M; Grimm, Nancy B; Groffman, Peter M
Source:
Frontiers in ecology and the environment 2017 v.15 no.5 pp. 248-256
ISSN:
1540-9295
Subject:
aquatic habitat; biodiversity; cities; ecological function; ecosystem services; ecosystems; environmental management; eutrophication; heat; hydrologic cycle; infrastructure; land use; landscapes; plant communities; public water supply; storms; urban areas; water utilization; wetland soils; wetlands; Southwestern United States
Abstract:
... “Accidental” urban wetlands are formed not through deliberate restoration or management activity, but as a product of land use and water infrastructure decisions by municipalities. Often formed in abandoned industrial, residential, or low‐lying commercial areas, where overland flows from storms and municipal water use accumulate, these ecosystems support wetland soils and plant communities. Resear ...
DOI:
10.1002/fee.1494

88. Accommodating consensus and diversity in environmental knowledge production: Achieving closure through typologies in IPBES

Author:
Montana, Jasper
Source:
Environmental science & policy 2017 v.68 pp. 20-27
ISSN:
1462-9011
Subject:
biodiversity; ecosystem services; environmental governance; environmental knowledge; environmental science; experts; issues and policy; politics
Abstract:
... How can a diversity of perspectives be accommodated in scientific and political consensus on environmental issues? This paper adopts a science and technology studies (STS) approach to examine how the pursuit of consensus-based knowledge and diverse participation, as seemingly contradictory commitments, have been converted into practice in the Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosyste ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envsci.2016.11.011

89. Accomplishments and impact of the NGO, Island Conservation, over 15 years (1994–2009)

Author:
Tershy, Bernie R.; Croll, Donald A.; Newton, Kelly M.
Source:
Biodiversity and conservation 2012 v.21 no.4 pp. 957-965
ISSN:
0960-3115
Subject:
biodiversity; extinction; indigenous species; invasive species; islands; nongovernmental organizations; seabirds
Abstract:
... Improvements in biodiversity conservation are hampered by the lack of reporting on the effectiveness of conservation techniques and the organizations that implement them. Here we summarize the accomplishments and potential impact of the non-governmental organization, Island Conservation, which eradicates damaging invasive vertebrates from islands. Island Conservation has removed 54 populations of ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10531-012-0231-4

90. Accountability and reciprocal interests of bilateral forest cooperation under the global forest regime

Author:
Park, Mi Sun; Lee, Hyowon
Source:
Forest policy and economics 2019 v.101 pp. 32-44
ISSN:
1389-9341
Subject:
accountability; biodiversity; case studies; climate change; deforestation; desertification; forest policy; forests; governance; national forests; reforestation; resource management; South Korea
Abstract:
... International forest governance is being established and implemented and influences national forest policies and strategies and international relationships among countries. International forest-related negotiations, including climate change, desertification, and biodiversity pressure states to respond to environmental and forest issues. States cooperate to achieve the shared goals of forest resour ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.forpol.2019.01.015

91. Accountability, Reporting, or Management Improvement? Development of a State of the Parks Assessment System in New South Wales, Australia

Author:
Hockings, Marc; Cook, Carly N.; Carter, R. W.; James, Robyn
Source:
Environmental management 2009 v.43 no.6 pp. 1013-1025
ISSN:
0364-152X
Subject:
biodiversity; conservation areas; parks; New South Wales
Abstract:
... Management effectiveness evaluation has been recognized as an important mechanism for both reporting on and improving protected area management. The Convention on Biological Diversity’s program of work on protected areas calls on all countries to implement such systems. In 2004, the first whole of system assessment of park management effectiveness, based on the IUCN-WCPA Management Effectiveness E ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00267-009-9277-9
PubMed:
19290568

92. Accounting for artificial light impact on bat activity for a biodiversity-friendly urban planning

Author:
Pauwels, J.; Le Viol, I.; Azam, C.; Valet, N.; Julien, J.-F.; Bas, Y.; Lemarchand, C.; Sanchez de Miguel, A.; Kerbiriou, C.
Source:
Landscape and urban planning 2019 v.183 pp. 12-25
ISSN:
0169-2046
Subject:
Pipistrellus pipistrellus; biodiversity; cities; guidelines; habitat connectivity; information sources; issues and policy; land management; models; pollution; remote sensing; urban development; urban planning; France
Abstract:
... Light pollution constitutes a major threat to biodiversity by decreasing habitat quality and landscape connectivity for nocturnal species. While there is an increasing consideration of biodiversity in urban management policies, the impact of artificial light is poorly accounted for. This is in a large part due to the lack of quantitative information and relevant guidelines to limit its negative ef ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.08.030

93. Accounting for biodiversity in the dairy industry

Author:
Sizemore, Grant C.
Source:
Journal of environmental management 2015 v.155 pp. 145-153
ISSN:
0301-4797
Subject:
biodiversity; dairy industry; ecosystems; funding; habitat destruction; milk production; uncertainty; United States
Abstract:
... Biodiversity is an essential part of properly functioning ecosystems, yet the loss of biodiversity currently occurs at rates unparalleled in the modern era. One of the major causes of this phenomenon is habitat loss and modification as a result of intensified agricultural practices. This paper provides a starting point for considering biodiversity within dairy production, and, although focusing pr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.03.015

94. Accounting for conservation: Using the IUCN Red List Index to evaluate the impact of a conservation organization

Author:
Young, R.P.; Hudson, M.A.; Terry, A.M.R.; Jones, C.G.; Lewis, R.E.; Tatayah, V.; Zuël, N.; Butchart, S.H.M.
Source:
Biological conservation 2014 v.180 pp. 84-96
ISSN:
0006-3207
Subject:
amphibians; biodiversity; birds; decision making; extinction; long term effects; mammals; natural resources conservation; risk; wildlife management
Abstract:
... Global and project-level biodiversity indicators have received considerable attention, but indicators of the conservation actions and impacts of programmes and institutions appear to be under-developed. The IUCN Red List Index (RLI) has potential to be a useful indicator at an organizational-level to evaluate long-term impact of conservation on the extinction risk of species, thereby supporting in ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biocon.2014.09.039

95. Accounting for continuous species' responses to management effort enhances cost-effectiveness of conservation decisions

Author:
Cattarino, Lorenzo; Hermoso, Virgilio; Bradford, Lindsay W.; Carwardine, Josie; Wilson, Kerrie A.; Kennard, Mark J.; Linke, Simon
Source:
Biological conservation 2016 v.197 pp. 116-123
ISSN:
0006-3207
Subject:
biodiversity; cost effectiveness; freshwater fish; land restoration; natural resources conservation; rivers; watersheds; Australia
Abstract:
... Limited resources available for conservation require prioritizing location and level of conservation management efforts to abate threats to species. Ideally, the optimal level of management effort to allocate to an action should be informed by the species' responses to actions. This would enhance cost-effectiveness of conservation recommendations. How continuous species' responses to varying level ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biocon.2016.02.030

96. Accounting for habitat structural complexity improves the assessment of performance in no-take marine reserves

Author:
Rees, Matthew J.; Knott, Nathan A.; Neilson, Joseph; Linklater, Michelle; Osterloh, Ian; Jordan, Alan; Davis, Andrew R.
Source:
Biological conservation 2018 v.224 pp. 100-110
ISSN:
0006-3207
Subject:
Seriola lalandi; biodiversity; fish; habitats; marine parks; natural resources conservation; reefs
Abstract:
... Seascape variability may confound assessments on the effectiveness of no-take marine reserves (NTMRs) in conserving biodiversity. In most cases baseline data are lacking, resulting in evaluations of NTMR effectiveness being Control Impact (CI) assessments. Even with independent replicate areas among management zones, this approach can make it difficult to detect zone effects if seascape attributes ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biocon.2018.04.040

97. Accounting for land use, biodiversity and ecosystem services in life cycle assessment: Impacts of breakfast cereals

Author:
Jeswani, Harish Kumar; Hellweg, Stefanie; Azapagic, Adisa
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2018 v.645 pp. 51-59
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
amphibians; biodiversity; birds; breakfast cereals; corn; ecoregions; ecosystem services; filtration; forests; groundwater; indigenous species; land use change; life cycle assessment; mammals; manufacturing; packaging; reptiles; rice; soil; vascular plants
Abstract:
... This study considers the life cycle impacts of land use on biodiversity and ecosystem services associated with the production of a ubiquitous food type: breakfast cereals. For biodiversity, the impacts on five taxonomic groups have been assessed: mammals, birds, vascular plants, amphibians and reptiles. For ecosystem services, the potential loss in the following ecosystem services of soil has been ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.088

98. Accounting for no net loss: A critical assessment of biodiversity offsetting metrics and methods

Author:
Carreras Gamarra, Maria Jose; Lassoie, James Philip; Milder, Jeffrey
Source:
Journal of environmental management 2018 v.220 pp. 36-43
ISSN:
0301-4797
Subject:
accounting; biodiversity; decision making; decision support systems; systematic review
Abstract:
... Biodiversity offset strategies are based on the explicit calculation of both losses and gains necessary to establish ecological equivalence between impact and offset areas. Given the importance of quantifying biodiversity values, various accounting methods and metrics are continuously being developed and tested for this purpose. Considering the wide array of alternatives, selecting an appropriate ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.05.008

99. Accounting for spatially biased sampling effort in presence‐only species distribution modelling

Author:
Stolar, Jessica; Nielsen, Scott E.; Franklin, Janet
Source:
Diversity & distributions 2015 v.21 no.5 pp. 595-608
ISSN:
1366-9516
Subject:
Bryopsida; biodiversity; biogeography; butterflies; correlation; data collection; databases; information sources; models; prediction; probability; regression analysis; roads; vascular plants; Alberta
Abstract:
... AIM: Presence‐only datasets represent an important source of information on species' distributions. Collections of presence‐only data, however, are often spatially biased, particularly along roads and near urban populations. These biases can lead to inaccurate inferences and predicted distributions. We demonstrate a new approach of accounting for effort bias in presence‐only data by explicitly inc ...
DOI:
10.1111/ddi.12279

100. Accounting for Uncertainty and Time Lags in Equivalency Calculations for Offsetting in Aquatic Resources Management Programs

Author:
Bradford, Michael J.
Source:
Environmental management 2017 v.60 no.4 pp. 588-597
ISSN:
0364-152X
Subject:
anthropogenic activities; aquatic habitat; biodiversity; environmental impact; freshwater fisheries; multipliers; prediction; risk; uncertainty
Abstract:
... Biodiversity offset programs attempt to minimize unavoidable environmental impacts of anthropogenic activities by requiring offsetting measures in sufficient quantity to counterbalance losses due to the activity. Multipliers, or offsetting ratios, have been used to increase the amount of offsets to account for uncertainty but those ratios have generally been derived from theoretical or ad-hoc cons ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00267-017-0892-6