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1. Animal models of human nutrition

Author:
Hunt, Janet R.
Source:
Encyclopaedia of food science, food technology, and nutrition / edited by R. Macrae, R.K. Robinson, M.J. Sadler pp. -
Subject:
diet-related diseases; history; diet; nutrient content; longevity; growth and development; nutrient availability; nutrient deficiencies; physiological transport; excretion; nutritional adequacy; body composition; animal models; nutrient requirements; nutrition research; nutrition knowledge
Handle:
10113/47239

2. Assessing Muscle Mass

Author:
Lukaski, Henry C.
Source:
Human body composition / Steven B. Heymsfield ...[et al.], editors pp. -
Subject:
in vivo studies; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; magnetic resonance imaging; anthropometric measurements; histidine; biomarkers; nitrogen; skeletal muscle; chemical analysis; models; body composition; human health; creatinine; potassium; bioelectrical impedance; computed tomography; metabolites
Handle:
10113/46927

3. Bioelectrical impedance analysis

Author:
Lukaski, Henry C.
Source:
AIN symposium proceedings : Nutrition '87 / Orville A. Levander, editor pp. -
Subject:
body composition; measurement; nutrition physiology; electrical properties
Handle:
10113/47599

4. Bioimpedance

Author:
Lukaski, Henry C.
Source:
Encyclopedia of human biology / editor-in-chief, Renato Dulbecco pp. -
Subject:
chemical analysis; body water; human health; bioelectrical impedance; obesity; weight loss; lean body mass
Handle:
10113/46035

5. Bioimpedance analysis

Author:
Lukaski, Henry C.
Source:
Quality of the body cell mass : body composition in the third millennium / Richard N. Pierson, Jr., editor pp. -
Subject:
body composition; anthropometric measurements; bioelectrical impedance; electric current; principal component analysis; angle of incidence; electrical resistance; frequency; capacitance
Handle:
10113/47242

6. Body composition in exercise and sport

Author:
Lukaski, Henry C.
Source:
Nutrition in exercise and sport pp. -
Subject:
physical activity; body composition; human physiology; animal models; sports
Handle:
10113/44690

7. Comparison of proximal and distal placements of electrodes to assess human body composition by bioelectrical impedance

Author:
Lukaski, Henry C.
Source:
Human body composition : in vivo methods, models, and assessment / edited by Kenneth J. Ellis and Jerry D. Eastman pp. -
Subject:
humans; body water; bone mineralization; bioelectrical impedance; limbs (animal); body mass index; lean body mass; body fat
Handle:
10113/45210

8. Estimation of muscle mass

Author:
Lukaski, Henry C.
Source:
Human body composition / Alex F. Roche, Steven B. Heymsfield, Timothy G. Lohman, editors pp. -
Subject:
muscle tissues; body composition; mass; measurement; humans; in vivo studies; anthropometric measurements
Handle:
10113/45340

9. Requirements for clinical use of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)

Author:
Lukaski, Henry C.
Source:
Proceedings of the X International Conference on Electrical Bio-Impedance ; April 5-9, 1998, Barcelona, Spain / editors: Pere J. Riu ....[et al.] pp. -
Subject:
body water; models; human health; bioelectrical impedance; spectral analysis; lean body mass
Handle:
10113/46122

10. Theory and validation of the tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance method to assess human body composition

Author:
Lukaski, H.C.; Bolonchuk, W.W.
Source:
In vivo body composition studies ; proceedings of an international symposium held at Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York on September 28-October 1, 1986, and sponsored by: United States Department Energy, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Associated Universities, Inc. / edited by K.J. Ellis, S. Yasumura and W.D. Morgan pp. -
Subject:
estimation; humans; anthropometric measurements; validity; bioelectrical impedance; electrical resistance; body fat
Handle:
10113/47759

11. Use of bioelectrical impedance analysis to assess human body composition: a review

Author:
Lukaski, Henry C.
Source:
Nutritional status assessment of the individual : proceedings of a national conference / sponsored by the Food & Nutrition Council of the American Health Foundation, October 6-7, 1987, New York, New York ; edited by G.E. Livingston pp. -
Subject:
humans; body composition; anthropometric measurements; bioelectrical impedance; nutrition assessment; nutritional status
Handle:
10113/48233

12. Seasonal Changes in the Body Composition of the Garter Snake (Thamnophis Sirtalis Parietalis) at Northern Lattitudes

Author:
Michael Aleksiuk; Kenneth W. Stewart
Source:
Ecology 1971 v.52 no.3 pp. 485-490
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Thamnophis; autumn; body composition; body length; body weight; hibernation; latitude; lipids; rehydration; seasonal variation; snakes; spring; starvation; summer; temperature; water content; winter
Abstract:
... At northern latitudes the garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis) undergoes a prolonged period of hibernation and has access to food only from mid—May to mid—September. An examination of seasonal changes in the body composition of this organism revealed that protein and ash, expressed as percentage of total body weight, remain essentially constant throughout the year. Lipids are low in the s ...
DOI:
10.2307/1937631

13. Interactions among nickel, copper, and iron in rats: Growth, blood parameters, and organ wt/body wt ratios

Author:
Nielsen, Forrest H.; Zimmerman, Thomas J.
Source:
Biological trace element research 1981 v.3 no.2 pp. 83-98
ISSN:
1559-0720
Subject:
nutrient-nutrient interactions; nickel; copper; iron; nutrient availability; dietary mineral supplements; animal growth; blood chemistry; nutrient deficiencies; body weight; body composition; heart; kidneys; liver; rats
Abstract:
... In two fully-crossed, three-way, two-by-three-by-three, factorially arranged experiments, female weanling rats were fed a basal diet supplemented with iron at 15 and 45 μg/g, nickel at 0, 5, and 50 μg/g, and copper at either 0, 0.5, and 5 μ/g (Expt. 1) or 0, 0.25, and 12 μg/g (Expt. 2) A gram of basal diet contained in Expt. 1 approximately 16 ng of nickel, 2.3 μg of iron, and 0.47 μg of copper; a ...
Handle:
10113/45528

14. Potential errors in body composition as estimated by whole body scintillation counting

Author:
Lykken, G.I.; Lukaski, H.C.; Bolonchuk, W.W.; Sandstead, H.H.
Source:
Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine 1983 v.101 no.4 pp. 651-658
ISSN:
0022-2143
Subject:
bicycling; exercise; body composition; gamma radiation; potassium; isotope labeling; athletes; human health
Abstract:
... Vigorous exercise has been reported to increase the apparent potassium content of athletes measured by whole body gamma ray scintillation counting of 40K. The possibility that this phenomenon is an artifact was evaluated in three cyclists and one nonathlete after exercise on the road (cyclists) or in a room with a source of radon and radon progeny (nonathlete). The apparent 40K content of the thig ...
Handle:
10113/46889

15. Selecting broilers for low or high abdominal fat: distribution of carcass fat and quality of meat

Author:
Ricard, F.H.; Leclercq, B.; Touraille, C.
Source:
British poultry science 1983 v.24 no.4 pp. 511-516
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
chickens; poultry meat; meat quality; abdomen; body composition
DOI:
10.1080/00071668308416769

16. Age, body weight and body composition requirements for the onset of sexual maturity of dwarf and normal chickens

Author:
Brody, T.B.; Siegel, P.B.; Cherry, J.A.
Source:
British poultry science 1984 v.25 no.2 pp. 245-252
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
chickens; sexual maturity; dwarfing; body weight; body composition; feed intake; genetic variation
DOI:
10.1080/00071668408454863
PubMed:
6733556

17. Comparison of plasma very low density lipoproteins and lipogenic enzymes as predictors of fat content and food conversion efficiency in selected lines of broiler chickens

Author:
Whitehead, C.C.; Hood, R.L.; Heard, G.S.; Pym, R.A.E.
Source:
British poultry science 1984 v.25 no.2 pp. 277-286
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
feed conversion; very low density lipoprotein; lipogenesis; ATP citrate synthase; malate dehydrogenase; body fat
DOI:
10.1080/00071668408454867
PubMed:
6733558

18. Assessment of fat-free mass using bioelectrical impedance measurements of the human body

Author:
Lukaski, Henry C.; Johnson, Phyllis E.; Bolonchuk, William W.; Lykken, Glenn I.
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 1985 v.41 no.4 pp. 810-817
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
nutritional status; men; electrolytes; potassium; analytical methods; body fat
Abstract:
... A method which involves the measurement of bioelectrical resistive impedance (R) for the estimation of human body composition is described. This method is based upon the principle that the electrical conductivity of the fat-free tissue mass (FFM) is far greater than that of fat. Determinations of R were made in 37 healthy men aged 28.8 +/- 7.1 yr (mean +/- SD) using an electrical impedance plethys ...
Handle:
10113/36
PubMed:
3984933

19. The Characterization of Vole Population Dynamics

Author:
Steve Mihok; Brian N. Turner; Stuart L. Iverson
Source:
Ecological monographs 1985 v.55 no.4 pp. 399-420
ISSN:
0012-9615
Subject:
Microtus pennsylvanicus; body composition; boreal forests; demographic statistics; extinction; males; mortality; population dynamics; principal component analysis; reproduction; small mammals; social behavior; spring; summer; surveys; traps; voles; winter; Manitoba
Abstract:
... The population cycles of meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) were studied in southeastern Manitoba, Canada, from 1968 to 1978 on a 32—ha old field and in surrounding boreal forest. Vole density was monitored on mark—recapture live—trapping at 2— to 4—wk intervals throughout the year. This was supplemented by a 3—d spring and a 30—d summer snap—trapping survey. Multiannual and annual fluctuation ...
DOI:
10.2307/2937129

20. Influence of food restriction during rearing on the body compositionof layer-strain pullets and hens

Author:
Johnson, R.J.; Cumming, R.B.; Farrell, D.J.
Source:
British poultry science 1985 v.26 no.3 pp. 335-348
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
restricted feeding; liver; poultry production; body water; pullets; hens; body fat
DOI:
10.1080/00071668508416821
PubMed:
4027736

21. Untersuchungen zum Cholinbedarf der Legehenne. 3. Der Einfluss einer unterschiedlichen Cholinversorgung auf den Cholingehalt von Leber, Korper und ei, sowie auf die Hirn- und Gallenblasenmasse

Author:
Ludke, C.; Hennig, A.; Jeroch, H.; Richter, G.
Source:
Archives of animal nutrition 1985 v.35 no.9 pp. 629-637
ISSN:
0003-942X
Subject:
hens; choline; nutrient requirements; liver; body composition; eggs; brain; gall bladder
DOI:
10.1080/17450398509424721

22. Nutritional Assessment in Clinical Practice

Author:
John P. Grant
Source:
Nutrition in clinical practice 1986 v.1 no.1 pp. 3-11
ISSN:
1941-2452
Subject:
disease diagnosis; nutrition assessment; patient care; anthropometric measurements; body composition; therapeutics
Abstract:
... John P. Grant, M.D., incoming president of A.S.P.E.N., is the featured author of the lead article in this first issue of Nutrition in Clinical Practice. Dr. Grant is Associate Professor of Surgery and Director of Nutritional Support Service at Duke University Medical Center, as well as Chief of Surgery at the Veterans Administration Hospital, Durham, North Carolina. Dr. Grant is a well-recognized ...
DOI:
10.1177/088453368600100102

23. Proximal Causes of Natal Dispersal in Belding's Ground Squirrels (Spermophilus Beldingi)

Author:
Kay E. Holekamp
Source:
Ecological monographs 1986 v.56 no.4 pp. 365-391
ISSN:
0012-9615
Subject:
Spermophilus; aggression; body composition; discriminant analysis; dispersal behavior; ectoparasites; inbreeding; juveniles; males; mammals; mountains; ontogeny; social facilitation; taxonomy; California
Abstract:
... I studied the proximal factors influencing dispersal from the natal site in two free—living populations of Belding's ground squirrels (Spermophilus beldingi) in the Sierra Nevada of California. I tested 10 hypotheses, each suggesting a different social, ecological, or ontogenetic factor as a proximal cause of natal dispersal in this species. Using discriminant analysis I also examined effects on d ...
DOI:
10.2307/1942552

24. Validation of tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance method to assess human body composition

Author:
Lukaski, H.C.; Bolonchuk, W.W.; Hall, C.B.; Siders, W.A.
Source:
Journal of applied physiology 1986 v.60 no.4 pp. 1327-1332
ISSN:
8750-7587
Subject:
densitometry; middle-aged adults; young adults; human health; bioelectrical impedance; body fat
Abstract:
... This study was conducted to validate the relationship between bioelectrical conductance (ht2/R) and densitometrically determined fat-free mass, and to compare the prediction errors of body fatness derived from the tetrapolar impedance method and skinfold thicknesses, relative to hydrodensitometry. One-hundred and fourteen male and female subjects, aged 18-50 yr, with a wide range of fat-free mass ...
Handle:
10113/124
PubMed:
3700310

25. Changes in somatotype and body composition of college football players over a season

Author:
Bolonchuk, William W.; Lukaski, Henry C.
Source:
Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness 1987 v.27 no.2 pp. 247-252
ISSN:
0022-4707
Subject:
athletes; anthropometric measurements; physical activity; college students; sports; anatomy and morphology; lean body mass; body fat
Abstract:
... Body composition and somatotype by anthropometry for sixty-nine collegiate football players were estimated pre and post season. Body weight decreased from 95.4 to 94.9 kg, percent fat decreased from 13.1 to 12.4 and lean body weight increased from 82.5 to 82.9kg. Somatotype changed from a 2.5-5.3-1.5 preaseaon mean to 2.3-5.4-1.5 for the postseason mean. The changes in endomorphy and mesomorphy we ...
Handle:
10113/47764

26. Determination of total body water by deuterium NMR

Author:
Khaled, M.A.; Lukaski, H.C.; Watkins, C.L.
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 1987 v.45 no.1 pp. 1-6
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; nutritional status; body composition; water; nutrition assessment; deuterium
Abstract:
... A new deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance (2H NMR) method is described for determining total body water in humans. The method has been validated against a standard infrared absorption (IR) procedure using a tracer dose of deuterium oxide of approximately 10 g for each human subject. The precision and accuracy for the methods have been compared and found to be very similar. The advantages of the 2 ...
Handle:
10113/47646
PubMed:
3026164

27. Growth and body composition changes in mice selected for high post-weaning weight gain on two levels of feeding

Author:
McPhee, C.P.; Trappett, P.C.
Source:
Theoretical and applied genetics 1987 v.73 no.6 pp. 926-931
ISSN:
0040-5752
Subject:
nutrition; mice; weight gain; body composition
DOI:
10.1007/BF00289400
PubMed:
24241305

28. Methods for the assessment of human body composition: traditional and new

Author:
Lukaski, H.C.
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 1987 v.46 no.4 pp. 537-556
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
accuracy; analytical methods; body fat
Abstract:
... Extract: Renewed interest in the assessment of human body composition has stimulated the need for a balanced understanding of available methodologies of estimating fat-free mass and percent body fat. This review summarizes the physical bases and assumptions, describes applications, and discusses the theoretical and practical limitations of currently available indirect methods. Although standard me ...
Handle:
10113/34

29. Methods for the assessment of human body composition: traditional and new

Author:
Lukaski, H.C.
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 1987 v.46 no.4 pp. 537-556
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; anthropometric measurements; body water; creatinine; potassium; neutron activation analysis; body fat
Abstract:
... Renewed interest in the assessment of human body composition has stimulated the need for a balanced understanding of available methodologies of estimating fat-free mass and percent body fat. This review summarizes the physical bases and assumptions, decribes applications, and discusses the theoretical and practical limitations of currently available indirect methods. Although standard methods are ...
Handle:
10113/47357
PubMed:
3310598

30. Seasonal changes in body composition of mature female caribou and calves (Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus) on an arctic island with limited winter resources

Author:
Adamczewski, J.Z.; Gates, C.C.; Hudson, R.J.; Price, M.A.
Source:
Canadian journal of zoology 1987 v.65 no.5 pp. 1149-1157
ISSN:
0008-4301
Subject:
reindeer; young animals; body composition; seasonal variation; females; Northwest Territories
DOI:
10.1139/z87-180

31. Growth and development of Bohemian geese (Anser anser)

Author:
Hrouz, J.
Source:
British poultry science 1988 v.29 no.1 pp. 53-61
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
geese; body weight; head; legs; wings; gender differences; body composition
DOI:
10.1080/00071668808417026
PubMed:
3382982

32. Roles of age, body weight and composition in the initiation of sexual maturation of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

Author:
Oruwari, B.M.; Brody, T.
Source:
British poultry science 1988 v.29 no.3 pp. 481-489
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
sexual maturity; somatotropin; body weight; age; body composition; photoperiod; antiserum; Coturnix japonica
DOI:
10.1080/00071668808417074
PubMed:
3224292

33. Seasonal aspects of sodium, potassium, and water balance in the predaceous diving beetle Dytiscus verticalis

Author:
Frisbie, M.P.; Dunson, W.A.
Source:
Canadian journal of zoology 1988 v.66 no.7 pp. 1553-1561
ISSN:
0008-4301
Subject:
Coleoptera; body composition; seasonal variation; sodium; predation; potassium; hemolymph
DOI:
10.1139/z88-227

34. A new single cell in-vitro model to determine volume and sodium concentration changes by bioelectrical impedance analysis

Author:
Meguid, Michael M.; Campos, Antonio Carlos L.; Lukaski, Henry C.; Kiell, Charles
Source:
Nutrition 1988 v.4 no.5 pp. 363-366
ISSN:
1873-1244
Subject:
body composition; electrolytes; electrical resistance; bioelectrical impedance; sodium; cell culture; dialysis; osmolality
Handle:
10113/47690

35. Control of the development of the ovarian follicular hierarchy in broiler breeder pullets by food restriction during rearing

Author:
Hocking, P.M.; Midlothian, Scotland.; Waddington, D.; Walker, M.A.; Gilbert, A.B.
Source:
British poultry science 1989 v.30 no.1 pp. 161-173
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
broiler chickens; restricted feeding; ad libitum feeding; Graafian follicles; body measurements; body composition
DOI:
10.1080/00071668908417134
PubMed:
2743171

36. Estimation of rat body composition using tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance analysis

Author:
Hall, C.B.; Lukaski, H.C.; Marchello, M.J.
Source:
Nutrition reports international 1989 v.39 no.3 pp. 627-633
ISSN:
0029-6635
Subject:
estimation; electrical properties; laboratory techniques; body composition; rats
Abstract:
... A method is described for the application of tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance (TBIA) to estimate rat body composition. Comparison of TBIA was made with direct chemical analysis as the standard reference method for determining fat free mass (FFM), fat mass, total body water (TBW), total protein, and ash. Measurements of the whole body resistance (WBR) and reactance (WBXc) of an applied electric c ...
Handle:
10113/47528

37. Maintenance of aerobic capacity and body composition of volunteers residing on a metabolic research unit

Author:
Lukaski, H.C.; Bolonchuk, W.W.
Source:
Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness 1989 v.29 no.3 pp. 273-278
ISSN:
0022-4707
Subject:
exercise; aerobiosis; body composition; sports nutrition; energy expenditure; energy intake; body weight
Abstract:
... To achieve steady-state energy equilibrium, a program of physiological assessment and aerobic exercise prescription was developed and evaluated in healthy men participating in 3 month (n = 21) and 6 month (n = 12) nutritional studies. Using reliable maximal exercise tests, exercise was prescribed at an intensity to elicit 50% peak oxygen uptake, 15 minutes/day on 3 nonconsecutive days/week. Under ...
Handle:
10113/48230

38. Relationship between body composition and the components of somatotype

Author:
Bolonchuk, W.W.; Hall, C.B.; Lukaski, H.C.; Siders, W.A.
Source:
American journal of human biology 1989 v.1 no.3 pp. 239-248
ISSN:
1520-6300
Subject:
elderly; men; women; middle-aged adults; young adults; bioelectrical impedance; anatomy and morphology; electrical resistance; lean body mass; body fat
Abstract:
... In a sample of 422 adults (200 females and 222 males) aged 18-73 years, the relationship was determined between somatotype estimated by the Health-Carter (Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 27:57-74, 1967) method and body composition variables determined by using hydrodensitometry (HD) and Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). The anthropometric (ANC) dimensions used to estimate somatotype were positively ...
Handle:
10113/47752
DOI:
10.1002/ajhb.1310010303

39. Body composition assessment of athletes using bioelectrical impedance measurements

Author:
Lukaski, H.C.; Bolonchuk, W.W.; Siders, W.A.; Hall, C.B.
Source:
Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness 1990 v.30 no.4 pp. 434-440
Subject:
athletes; anthropometric measurements; sports nutrition; bioelectrical impedance; lean body mass
Abstract:
... One hundred and four female and male athletes underwent determinations of hydrodensitometry (HD) and tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance (TBI) under uncontrolled (measurements made without regard to preceding exercise, level of hydration, or eating) and controlled conditions (measurements made two hours after consuming a light meal and no preceding exercise). Fat-free mass (FFM) was estimated from ...
Handle:
10113/49337

40. Divergent selection of lean and fat lines of broilers over eight generations using plasma very low density lipoprotein as selection criterion

Author:
Whitehead, C.C.
Source:
British poultry science 1990 v.31 no.2 pp. 293-305
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
broiler chickens; selection response; feed conversion; very low density lipoprotein; gender differences; abdominal fat; blood plasma; selection criteria; artificial selection
DOI:
10.1080/00071669008417260

41. Evaluation of Soybean Meal as a Replacement for Marine Animal Protein in Diets for Shrimp Penaeus vannamei)

Author:
Lim, Chhorn; Dominy, Warren
Source:
Aquaculture 1990 v.87 no.1 pp. 53-63
ISSN:
1873-5622
Subject:
Litopenaeus vannamei; shrimp; shrimp culture; physiological response; animal growth; body composition; protein content; lipid content; mortality; dry matter intake; plant source protein; soybean meal; animal source protein; fish meal; squid
Abstract:
... Six isonitrogenous, isocaloric diets containing 0, 14, 28, 42, 56 and 70% soybean meal as replacement of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% of animal protein, which consisted of 53% anchovy fish meal, 32% shrimp head meal and 15% squid meal, were fed to juvenile P. vannamei to satiation six times per day for 56 days. Shrimp fed the three lowest dietary levels of soybean meal (0, 14 and 28%) had similar we ...
Handle:
10113/34414
DOI:
10.1016/0044-8486(90)90210-E

42. Relationship between body fatness, ovarian structure and reproduction in mature females from lines of genetically lean or fat broilers given different food allowances

Author:
Hocking, P.M.; Whitehead, C.C.
Source:
British poultry science 1990 v.31 no.2 pp. 319-330
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
broiler chickens; restricted feeding; body weight; ad libitum feeding; very low density lipoprotein; egg yolk; egg production; abnormal development; blood plasma; line differences; hens; body fat
DOI:
10.1080/00071669008417262

43. The effect of dietary calcium upon growth rate, food utilisation and plasma constituents in lines of chickens selected for aspects of growth or body composition

Author:
Shafey, T.M.; McDonald, M.W.; Pym, R.A.E.
Source:
British poultry science 1990 v.31 no.3 pp. 577-586
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
chickens; blood composition; body weight; calcium; feed conversion; energy metabolism; genotype; feed intake; abdominal fat; blood plasma; line differences
DOI:
10.1080/00071669008417289
PubMed:
2245352

44. The response of broilers' adiposity to testosterone after embryonic exposure to androgen and tamoxifen

Author:
Rozenboim, I.; Robinzon, B.; Ron, B.; Arnon, E.; Snapir, N.
Source:
British poultry science 1990 v.31 no.3 pp. 645-650
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
broiler chickens; weight; body weight; drugs; adipose tissue; gender differences; body composition; testosterone; embryogenesis
DOI:
10.1080/00071669008417295
PubMed:
2245356

45. Comparison of diets for mass-rearing Acheta domesticus (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) as a novelty food, and comparison of food conversion efficiency with values reported for livestock

Author:
Nakagaki, B.J.; Defoliart, G.R.
Source:
Journal of economic entomology 1991 v.84 no.3 pp. 891-896
ISSN:
0022-0493
Subject:
broiler chickens; diet study techniques; Acheta domesticus; edible insects; feed conversion; costs and returns; sheep; body composition; steers; mass rearing; swine
Abstract:
... As part of research on mass-rearing the cricket Acheta domesticus (L.) as a novelty (innovative) food, four cricket diets, two prepared in the laboratory and two commercial, were compared on the basis of cost per kilogram (wet weight) of eighth instars produced. Costs were influenced by dietary ingredients, mean cricket wet weight at time of harvest, and feed/gain ratios. For the laboratory-prepar ...
DOI:
10.1093/jee/84.3.891

46. Correlation of isomeric fatty acids in human adipose tissue with clinical risk factors for cardiovascular disease

Author:
Hudgins, L.C.; Hirsch, J.; Emken, E.A.
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 1991 v.53 no.2 pp. 474-482
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
adipose tissue; body composition; trans fatty acids; isomers; cardiovascular diseases; body weight; dietary fat; hydrogenated oils; blood pressure; blood lipids; cholesterol; triacylglycerols; low density lipoprotein; high density lipoprotein; men; very low density lipoprotein; risk
Abstract:
... The relationships between the adipose tissue concentrations of 19 geometric and positional fatty acid isomers and 10 cardiovascular disease risk factors were determined in 76 free-living adult males. The percentages for trans isomers (total average +/- SD 4.14 +/- 0.97%) and cis isomers (total average +/- SD 2.91 +/- 0.34%) in adipose tissue generally agreed with dietary estimates based on the con ...
Handle:
10113/24333
PubMed:
1989415

47. Effect of recombinant porcine somatotropin on body composition and meat quality in growing pigs; interactions with genotype, sex and slaughter weight

Author:
Nieuwhof, G.J.; Kanis, E.; Hel, W. van der.; Verstegen, M.W.A.; Huisman, J.; Wal, P. ven der.
Source:
Meat science 1991 v.30 no.3 pp. 265-278
ISSN:
0309-1740
Subject:
pork; lipid content; somatotropin; body weight; meat quality; gender differences; genotype; lean body mass; swine
DOI:
10.1016/0309-1740(91)90072-X
PubMed:
22061975

48. Electrical impedance offers promise of reliable body fat measures

Author:
Lukaski, Henry C.
Source:
Obesity & health 1991 v.5 no.3 pp. 47
ISSN:
1044-1522
Subject:
anthropometric measurements; bioelectrical impedance; accuracy; lean body mass; body fat
Handle:
10113/49355

49. Energy utilisation in germ-free and conventional chicks fed diets containing sorbose

Author:
Furuse, M.; Yang, S.I.; Niwa, N.; Choi, Y.H.; Okumura, J.
Source:
British poultry science 1991 v.32 no.2 pp. 383-390
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
chicks; dietary carbohydrate; germ-free animals; metabolizable energy; dose response; liveweight gain; body composition; metabolism; feed intake; sorbose
DOI:
10.1080/00071669108417363
PubMed:
1868376

50. Exercise and Aging: Implications for Persons With Diabetes

Author:
CLAUDIA GRAHAM
Source:
Diabetes educator 1991 v.17 no.3 pp. 189-195
ISSN:
1554-6063
Subject:
risk; elderly; exercise; objectives; muscles; body composition; bone density; quality of life; psychomotor development; diabetes
Abstract:
... Physiological systems decline with age. Such declines may be the result of aging itself or physical deconditioning. Evidence suggests that the degree to which decrements occur with aging may be modifiable with physical activity. The elderly adapt to exercise programs at a generally reduced rate. Thus reduced activity, coupled with diabetes, may present unique clinical needs. In the design of exerc ...
DOI:
10.1177/014572179101700315
PubMed:
2019227

51. Fat deposition and heat production as responses to surplus dietary energy in fowls given a wide range of metabolisable energy:protein ratios

Author:
MacLeod, M.G.
Source:
British poultry science 1991 v.32 no.5 pp. 1097-1108
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
broiler chickens; hens; body fat
DOI:
10.1080/00071669108417432

52. Further investigations on protein requirement of genetically lean and fat chickens

Author:
Leclercq, B.; Guy, G.
Source:
British poultry science 1991 v.32 no.4 pp. 789-798
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
chickens; protein requirement; body composition; line differences; genetic variation; dietary protein; protein intake; feed conversion; body weight; feathers
DOI:
10.1080/00071669108417404
PubMed:
1933449

53. Influence of maturity on the volatile aroma compounds from fresh Pacific and Great Lakes salmon

Author:
Josephson, D.B.; Lindsay, R.C.; Stuiber, D.A.
Source:
Journal of food science 1991 v.56 no.6 pp. 1576-1585
ISSN:
0022-1147
Subject:
marine environment; salmon; lakes; maturity stage; body composition; volatile compounds; aromatic compounds; Pacific Ocean; Great Lakes region
Abstract:
... Volatile aroma compounds from freshly harvested prime and spawning-condition salmon (Oncorhynchus sp.) from the Pacific Ocean (chinook, sockeye, chum, coho and pink) and the Great Lakes (chinook, coho and pink) were quantitatively measured. Both prime and spawning-condition salmon had 1-octen-3-one, 1,5-octadien-3-one, 1-octen-3-ol, 1,5-octadien-3-ol, 2-octen-1-ol, and 2,5-octadien-1-ol which cont ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2621.1991.tb08644.x

54. Laboratory assessment of human body composition

Author:
Lukaski, Henry C.
Source:
Obesity & health 1991 v.5 no.4 pp. 63
ISSN:
1044-1522
Subject:
dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; magnetic resonance imaging; laboratory techniques; body weight; computed tomography; body fat distribution; bone density; body mass index; accuracy; lean body mass; weighing devices
Handle:
10113/49517

55. Lipoprotein lipase in rats fed fish oil: apparent relationship to plasma insulin levels

Author:
Baltzell, J.K.; Wooten, J.T.; Otto, D.A.
Source:
Lipids 1991 v.26 no.4 pp. 289-294
ISSN:
0024-4201
Subject:
fish oils; dietary fat; lipoprotein lipase; triacylglycerol lipase; enzyme activity; liver; blood plasma; insulin; triacylglycerols; body composition
DOI:
10.1007/BF02537139
PubMed:
1865765

56. Metabolism of meadowfoam oil fatty acids in mice

Author:
Emken, E.A.; Adlof, R.O.; Abraham, S.
Source:
Lipids 1991 v.26 no.9 pp. 736-742
ISSN:
0024-4201
Subject:
Limnanthes douglasii; plant fats and oils; dietary fat; lipogenesis; fatty acids; body composition; liveweight gain; mice
Abstract:
... Meadowfoam oil is unusual because over 95% of the fatty acids are 20- and 22-carbon aliphatic acids with cis double bonds located principally at the 5- and/or 13-position. Since little information is available on the metabolism of the 5c-20:1 and 5c,13c-22:2 fatty acids, an exploratory study in mice was conducted to investigate the metabolism of purified samples of the free fatty acids isolated fr ...
Handle:
10113/24385
DOI:
10.1007/BF02535623
PubMed:
1762520

57. Muscle protein turnover in chickens selected for increased growth rate, food consumption or efficiency of food utilisation: effects of genotype and relationship to plasma IGF-I and growth hormone

Author:
Tomas, F.M.; Pym, R.A.; Johnson, R.J.
Source:
British poultry science 1991 v.32 no.2 pp. 363-376
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
broiler chickens; strain differences; muscles; somatotropin; feed intake; body composition; protein synthesis; blood plasma; feed conversion
DOI:
10.1080/00071669108417361
PubMed:
1868374

58. Placental transport of lindane during early and late stages of gestation in rats

Author:
Khanna, R.N.; Kunwar, K.; Gupta, R.; Gupta, G.S.D.
Source:
Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 1991 v.47 no.4 pp. 508-514
ISSN:
0007-4861
Subject:
lindane; dams (mothers); gestation period; body composition; fetotoxicity; fetus; maternal-fetal transfer; rats
DOI:
10.1007/BF01700938
PubMed:
1723906

59. Toxic impact of aldrin on acid and alkaline phosphatase activity of penaeid prawn, Metapenaeus monoceros: in vitro study

Author:
Srinivasulu Reddy, M.; Jayaprada, P.; Ramana Rao, K.V.
Source:
Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 1991 v.46 no.3 pp. 479-484
ISSN:
0007-4861
Subject:
aldrin; shrimp; acid phosphatase; alkaline phosphatase; enzyme activity; enzyme inhibitors; toxicity; body composition
DOI:
10.1007/BF01688951
PubMed:
2032017

60. The effects of dietary copper deficiency and psychological stress on blood pressure in rats

Author:
Klevay, L.M.; Halas, E.S.
Source:
Physiology & behavior 1991 v.49 no.2 pp. 309-314
ISSN:
0031-9384
Subject:
copper; dietary minerals; nutrient deficiencies; mineral metabolism; cholesterol; sodium; blood pressure; hypertension; myocardial ischemia; body composition; mortality; rats; psychological stress; United States
Abstract:
... In each of two experiments, adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were deprived of copper and were subjected to the chronic stress of close confinement. A 2 X 2 factorial design was used because both copper deficiency and stress have been implicated in the regulation of blood pressure and are implicated in a major consequence of human hypertension-ischemic heart disease. Copper deficiency was verified by ...
Handle:
10113/49028
PubMed:
2062902

61. The structural, functional, and nutritional adaptation of college basketball players over a season

Author:
Bolonchuk, William W.; Lukaski, Henry C.; Siders, William A.
Source:
Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness 1991 v.31 no.2 pp. 165-172
ISSN:
0022-4707
Subject:
skinfold thickness; athletes; nutritional status; blood chemistry; anthropometric measurements; zinc; copper; sports nutrition; athletic performance; young adults; college students; body size; functional status; lean body mass; sports
Abstract:
... The purpose of this study was to determine the structural, functional and nutritional adaptation of college basketball players over a season. Structure was determined by somatotype and body composition, function was determined by peak work capacity and work efficiency, and nutrition was determined by plasma metals analysis. The tests were performed twice on each of the eight subjects, one preseaso ...
Handle:
10113/49516

62. Bioelectrical impedance: a nondestructive method to determine fat-free mass of live market swine and pork carcasses

Author:
Swantek, P.M.; Crenshaw, J.D.; Marchello, M.J.; Lukaski, H.C.
Source:
Journal of animal science 1992 v.70 no.1 pp. 169-177
ISSN:
0021-8812
Subject:
swine; body composition; body weight; meat carcasses; prediction; electrical resistance; regression analysis; lipid content
Abstract:
... Ninety-two swine averaging 104 +/- 4.5 kg and 99 cold carcasses averaging 75 +/- 3.1 g were measured with a four-terminal plethysmograph. Pigs were transported to the abattoir, fasted 4 h, weighed, and measured for body resistance (Rs, omega), body reactance (Xc, omega), and distance (L, cm) between detector terminals that were located along the dorsal axis of the animal. Pigs were slaughtered 12 ...
Handle:
10113/48083
PubMed:
1582904

63. Effect of feeding soy products with varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of shrimp

Author:
Sessa, D.J.; Lim, C.
Source:
Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 1992 v.69 no.3 pp. 209-212
ISSN:
0003-021X
Subject:
protein concentrates; soy flour; Litopenaeus vannamei; toasting; soy protein; trypsin inhibitors; feed conversion; nutritive value; body composition; liveweight gain; shrimp; mortality
Abstract:
... Six isonitrogenous, isocaloric diets containing commercially defatted, toasted and lightly toasted soy flours (SF) (diets 1 and 2) and four soy protein concentrates (SPC) (diets 3-6) as replacements for 40% of animal protein were fed to satiation to juvenile shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) for 10 weeks. The SPCs used in diets 3 and 5 were chemically modified products with reduced trypsin inhibitor (TI) ...
Handle:
10113/24441
DOI:
10.1007/BF02635888

64. History, Design, and Objectives of the Incap Follow-Up Study on the Effects of Nutrition Supplementation in Child Growth and Development

Author:
Reynaldo Martorell; Juan Rivera
Source:
Food and nutrition bulletin v.14 no.3 pp. 1-4
ISSN:
0379-5721
Subject:
academic achievement; body composition; child growth; childhood; human capital; longitudinal studies; nutrition; nutritional intervention
Abstract:
... The 1988–1989 INCAP follow-up study on the effects of early nutrition supplementation in child growth and development was the first long-term, comprehensive follow-up of a nutrition intervention. The subjects were former participants in the longitudinal study of 1969–1977, who were 10–26 years old at the time of measurement. The hypothesis of the follow-up study was that improved nutrition in earl ...
DOI:
10.1177/156482659201400307

65. Reuleaux triangle somatocharts

Author:
Siders, William; Rue, Mark
Source:
Computers in biology and medicine 1992 v.22 no.5 pp. 363-368
Subject:
exercise; diet; athletes; somatotropin; body composition; anthropometric measurements; phenotype; body size
Abstract:
... The three-numeral somatotype index to quantitatively represent human body type has gained general acceptance since being proposed in 1940. The two-dimensional Reuleaux triangle somatochart has been a customary format for graphically representing three-dimensional somatotype data. This paper presents the traditional, quick plot somatochart, the rationale for development of the Heath-Carter 1980 som ...
Handle:
10113/48536
DOI:
10.1016/0010-4825(92)90024-H

66. Seasonal relationships of relative weight to body composition in white crappie, Pomoxis annularis Rafinesque

Author:
NEUMANN, R.M.; MURPHY, B.R.
Source:
Aquaculture research 1992 v.23 no.2 pp. 243-251
ISSN:
1355-557X
Subject:
autumn; body composition; body weight; eggs; gonads; lipid bodies; lipid content; liver; proteins; seasonal variation; water reservoirs; Texas
Abstract:
... White crappies, Pomoxis annularis Rafinesque, were collected from two Texas reservoirs during pre-spawn, post-spawn, and autumn periods to evaluate seasonal relationships of relative weight (Wr) to body composition. Seasonal variations in Wr corresponded to cycles of lipid as a percentage of body weight. Lipid content and liver weight as percentages of total body weight of crappies from a populati ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2109.1992.tb00615.x

67. Biphasic Mass Gain in Migrant Hummingbirds: Body Composition Changes, Torpor, and Ecological Significance

Author:
F. Lynn Carpenter; Mark A. Hixon; Carol A. Beuchat; Robert W. Russell; David C. Paton
Source:
Ecology 1993 v.74 no.4 pp. 1173-1182
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
body composition; energy costs; flight; hummingbirds; learning; lipids; migratory behavior; muscles; nectar; proteins; resting periods; territoriality
Abstract:
... Body mass of migrant Rufous Hummingbirds (Selasphorus rufus) on refueling stopovers increased on average from 3.2 to 4.6 g over a period ranging from several days to 3 wk. In birds arriving with body masses below °3.5 g, the initial period of mass gain was very slow. This slow gain was not explained by energy costs associated with territory establishment or learning to secure food, since it occurr ...
DOI:
10.2307/1940487

68. Body composition changes in crossbred cows and Murrah buffaloes during lactation

Author:
Jindal, S.K.; Ludri, R.S.
ISSN:
1976-5517
Subject:
dairy cows; buffaloes; somatotropin; body weight; milk composition; body water; lactation; triiodothyronine; insulin; crossbreds; protein content; milk yield; body fat
DOI:
10.5713/ajas.1993.577

69. Changes in fat depths and muscle dimensions in growing lambs as measured by real-time ultrasound

Author:
Hopkins, D.L.; Pirlot, K.L.; Roberts, A.H.K.; Beattie, A.S.
Source:
Animal production science 1993 v.33 no.6 pp. 707-712
ISSN:
0816-1089
Subject:
animal nutrition; thickness; muscles; grazing; liveweight gain; fat thickness; lambs; finishing; animal tissues; carcass composition
DOI:
10.1071/EA9930707

70. Densitometry-based equations for estimating body composition in Fischer rats

Author:
Muscaritoli, M.; Gleason, J.R.; Meguid, M.M.; Lukaski, H.C.
Source:
Nutrition 1993 v.9 no.5 pp. 439-445
ISSN:
1873-1244
Subject:
nutritional status; densitometry; equations; chemical analysis; carcass weight; carcass composition; bioelectrical impedance; animal models; densitometers; rats; prediction; body fat
Abstract:
... Male Fischer rats are widely used to evaluate the effects of nutritional repletion or deprivation on the rat's nutritional status. Practical methods are needed to evaluate changes in body composition. Chemical analysis is expensive, time consuming, and often not available; bioelectrical impedance analysis in laboratory animals lacks standardization. Postulating that the measurement of densitometry ...
Handle:
10113/44882

71. Divergent selection for body weight and yolk precursor in Coturnix coturnix japonica. 9. Evaluation of traits associated with onset of sexual maturity

Author:
Anthony, N.B.; Wall, C.W.; Emmerson, D.A.; Bacon, W.L.; Nestor, K.E.
Source:
Poultry science 1993 v.72 no.11 pp. 2019-2029
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
testes; sexual maturity; weight; liver; body weight; gender differences; abdominal fat; blood plasma; Coturnix japonica; line differences; carcass composition; phosphorus
Abstract:
... An experiment was conducted to compare traits associated with onset of sexual maturity in Japanese quail lines. Lines divergently selected for high and low 4-wk BW (HW and LW), and high and low total plasma phosphorus at beginning of lay (HP and LP) were compared with a randombred line (RBC1) that served as the base population for HW, LW, HP, and LP. The HW sublines (HW-HP and HW-LP) and LP sublin ...
DOI:
10.3382/ps.0722019
PubMed:
8265491

72. Do urinary urea nitrogen and cortisol ratios of creatinine reflect body-fat reserves in black-tailed deer?

Author:
Parker, K.L.; DelGiudice, G.D.; Gillingham, M.P.
Source:
Canadian journal of zoology 1993 v.71 no.9 pp. 1841-1848
ISSN:
0008-4301
Subject:
nitrogen; urea; creatinine; nutrient reserves; cortisol; Odocoileus hemionus; body fat
DOI:
10.1139/z93-262

73. Effect of dietary pH on amino acid utilization by shrimp (Penaeus vannamei)

Author:
Lim, Chhorn
Source:
Aquaculture 1993 v.114 no.3-4 pp. 293-303
ISSN:
1873-5622
Subject:
Litopenaeus vannamei; shrimp; shrimp culture; mariculture; animal growth; body composition; feeds; feed supplements; amino acids; feed intake; feed conversion
Abstract:
... A study was conducted to determine the effect of dietary pH on amino acid utilization by juvenile Penaeus vannamei. A basal diet (diet 1), five diets (diets 2-6) supplemented with crystalline amino acids (AA) to simulate the AA pattern of shrimp protein and in which the dietary pH was adjusted from pH 4.8 to 5.0, 6.0, 7.0 and 8.0±0.2, and a 28% shrimp protein control diet (diet 7) were fed to shri ...
Handle:
10113/34416
DOI:
10.1016/0044-8486(93)90304-H

74. Effects of dietary cellulose and protein levels on growth performance, energy and nitrogen utilization, lipid contents and development of internal organs in growing chicks

Author:
Siri, S.; Tobioka, H.; Tasaki, I.
ISSN:
1011-2367
Subject:
chicks; dietary protein; cellulose; body composition; protein intake
DOI:
10.5713/ajas.1993.235

75. Effects of early feed restriction on growth performance and body composition in broilers

Author:
Santoso, U.; Tanaka, K.; Ohtani, S.; Youn, B.S.
ISSN:
1011-2367
Subject:
broiler chickens; lipid content; restricted feeding; body composition; compensatory growth; ad libitum feeding
DOI:
10.5713/ajas.1993.401

76. Effects of early skip day feeding on growth performance and body composition in broilers

Author:
Santoso, U.; Tanaka, K.; Ohtani, S.
ISSN:
1011-2367
Subject:
broiler chickens; restricted feeding; gender differences; body composition; liveweight gain; compensatory growth
DOI:
10.5713/ajas.1993.451

77. Estimates of maturing rates and masses at maturity for body components of sheep

Author:
Jenkins, T.G.; Leymaster, K.A.
Source:
Journal of animal science 1993 v.71 no.11 pp. 2952-2957
ISSN:
0021-8812
Subject:
weight; slaughter weight; carcass weight; body composition; hooves; head; animal organs; rams
Abstract:
... Weight data for fleece-free empty body, carcass and offal components, and their chemical constituents (protein, water, lipid, and ash) were collected via serial slaughter techniques. Rams sired by a sheep breed of high genetic merit for growth were slaughtered from birth through 48 mo of age. Approximately six rams were killed at each of 13 slaughter ages. The data were fit with a nonlinear functi ...
Handle:
10113/34708
PubMed:
8270515

78. Meat yield and subjective muscle scores in medium weight steers

Author:
Perry, D.; Yeates, A.P.; McKiernan, W.A.
Source:
Animal production science 1993 v.33 no.7 pp. 825-831
ISSN:
0816-1089
Subject:
correlation; steers; carcass quality; carcass composition; body fat
DOI:
10.1071/EA9930825

79. Multiphasic analysis of growth of the body and its chemical components in White Leghorn pullets

Author:
Kwakkel, R.P.; Ducro, B.J.; Koops, W.J.
Source:
Poultry science 1993 v.72 no.8 pp. 1421-1432
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
pullets; liveweight gain; body composition; allometry; mathematical models
Abstract:
... Data of White Leghorn pullets consuming feed ad libitum were used to study multiphasic growth during rearing and early lay. Two mathematical functions were used. Body weight gain and growth of the chemical components DM, CP, crude fat (Cfat), and ash (Ash) were described as a function of age, using a multiphasic growth function. To describe relative growth between CP and DM, Cfat and DM, and Ash a ...
DOI:
10.3382/ps.0721421
PubMed:
8378217

80. N and P Cycling Coupled by Grazers' Activities: Food Quality and Nutrient Release by Zooplankton

Author:
Jotaro Urabe
Source:
Ecology 1993 v.74 no.8 pp. 2337-2350
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
algae; ammonium nitrogen; body composition; elemental composition; food availability; food quality; models; nitrogen; phosphorus; statistical analysis; zooplankton
Abstract:
... In order to clarify the role of zooplankton in the cycling of elements and its subsequent effect on algal populations, food elimination and nutrient release rates by zooplankton in a small pond dominated by daphnids were estimated for nitrogen and phosphorus from April to September. Comparison of the elemental contents of food and zooplankton showed that N was the element in shortest supply in the ...
DOI:
10.2307/1939586

81. Nutrient utilization, growth rate and body composition of crossbred calves supplemented with urea molasses mineral block licks

Author:
Garg, M.R.; Gupta, B.N.
ISSN:
1976-5517
Subject:
calves; wheat straw; urea; molasses; chemical composition; feed intake; digestibility; nitrogen balance; nutrition physiology; body composition; dietary mineral supplements; crossbreds
DOI:
10.5713/ajas.1993.377

82. Relationships among swimming performance, body composition and somatotype in competitive collegiate swimmers

Author:
Siders, William A.; Lukaski, Henry C.; Bolonchuk, William W.
Source:
Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness 1993 v.33 no.2 pp. 166-171
Subject:
sports nutrition; athletic performance; athletes; strength training; body composition; body mass index
Abstract:
... Relationships were determined between sprint swimming performance and estimates of body composition and somatotype components in competitive collegiate swimmers. Forty-three women and 31 men underwent anthropometric and hydrodensitometric measurements at the beginning of a competitive season. There were significant partial correlations (swim stroke was partialed out) between swimming performance ( ...
Handle:
10113/44785
PubMed:
8412052

83. Seasonal patterns in body mass, body composition, and water transfer rates of free-ranging and captive black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus sitkensis) in Alaska

Author:
Parker, K.L.; Gillingham, M.P.; Hanley, T.A.; Robbins, C.T.
Source:
Canadian journal of zoology 1993 v.71 no.7 pp. 1397-1404
ISSN:
0008-4301
Subject:
body weight; body water; seasonal variation; Odocoileus hemionus; body fat; Alaska
DOI:
10.1139/z93-193

84. Soft tissue composition and bone mineral status: evaluation by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

Author:
Lukaski, Henry C.
Source:
Journal of nutrition 1993 v.123 no.2 pp. 438-443
ISSN:
0022-3166
Subject:
body composition; bone mineralization; X-radiation; instrumentation; infants; body regions; nutrition assessment; human health and safety
Abstract:
... Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is a new method for assessing whole-body and regional bone, fat and fat-free mineral-free soft tissue masses. X-rays at two discrete energy levels are collimated and directed into the body. The attenuation of the X-rays by the various chemical components in the body permits determination of important compositional variables. The precision and accuracy of the ...
Handle:
10113/43963

85. Case report: failure to thrive in a breast-fed infant is associated with maternal dietary protein and energy restriction

Author:
Motil, K.J.; Sheng, H.P.; Montandon, C.M.
Source:
Journal of the American College of Nutrition 1994 v.13 no.2 pp. 203-208
ISSN:
0731-5724
Subject:
breast feeding; dietary protein; energy intake; body composition; failure to thrive; infants; case studies
Abstract:
... Objective: To determine whether failure to thrive in a breast-fed infant could be attributed to altered milk production or composition from a mother who consumed a self-imposed energy- and protein-restricted diet. Design: We evaluated the changes in growth and body composition, dietary intakes, and milk production and composition in a mother-infant pair throughout the first postpartum year. Settin ...
DOI:
10.1080/07315724.1994.10718396
PubMed:
8006303

86. Comparison of the prediction of carcass components using fat thickness measurements in heifers and steers

Author:
Johnson, E.R.
Source:
Animal production science 1994 v.34 no.4 pp. 435-438
ISSN:
0816-1089
Subject:
heifers; beef cattle; gender differences; regression analysis; steers; fat thickness; ribs; anus; measurement; carcass composition
DOI:
10.1071/EA9940435

87. Effect of liveweight and body condition on work output from draft oxen

Author:
Bartholomew, P.W.; Khibe, T.; Little, D.A.
Source:
Tropical animal health and production 1994 v.26 no.1 pp. 58-64
ISSN:
0049-4747
Subject:
cattle; draft animals; body weight; body condition; body composition; heart rate
DOI:
10.1007/BF02241135
PubMed:
8009651

88. Effect of supplementation and parasitic infection on productivity of Thai native and cross-bred female weaner goats. II. Body composition and sensory characteristics

Author:
Pralomkarn, W.; Intarapichet, K.; Kochapakdee, S.; Choldumrongkul, S.
ISSN:
1011-2367
Subject:
weight; Nubian (goat breed); sensory evaluation; concentrates; goats; grazing; dressing percentage; carcass weight; anthelmintics; flavor; animal organs; genotype; crossbreds; goat meat; odors; feed supplements; body fat; Thailand
DOI:
10.5713/ajas.1994.555

89. Embryonic adenosine triphosphate:phosphodiesters ratios obtained with in vivo nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (phosphorus-31): a new technique for selecting leaner broiler chickens

Author:
Liu, Z.; Lirette, A.; Fairfull, R.W.; McBride, B.W.
Source:
Poultry science 1994 v.73 no.11 pp. 1633-1641
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
broiler chickens; diet; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; linear models; body weight; energy metabolism; equations; gender differences; embryo (animal); adenosine triphosphate; line differences; chicks; selection criteria; body fat
Abstract:
... Phosphorus-containing compounds of 18-d-old embryos from two broiler chicken lines, differing in body fat content, were measured using in vivo 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Subsequently, the same birds were slaughtered at 8 wk of age and the whole body was analyzed for body fat content. The birds of the fat line had lower (P = .002) embryonic adenosine triphosphate (ATP):phosp ...
DOI:
10.3382/ps.0731633
PubMed:
7862602

90. Implications of genetic changes in body composition on beef production systems

Author:
Bennett, G.L.; Williams, C.B.
Source:
Journal of animal science 1994 v.72 no.10 pp. 2756-2763
ISSN:
0021-8812
Subject:
meat production; beef cattle; body composition; beef quality; crossing; finishing; carcass yield; slaughter weight; feedlots; calves; carcass weight; genotype
Abstract:
... Changing the body composition of beef has implications for the entire beef production system. The dynamic nature of an animal's body composition and the production system itself make predictions of the implications of genetic change in body composition difficult. The cow-calf, stocker, and feeder segments of the production system will be affected differently. Leaner cattle tend to be slaughtered a ...
Handle:
10113/34783
PubMed:
7883637

91. Improved sensitivity of the tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance method to assess fluid status and body composition: Use of proximal electrode placement

Author:
Lukaski, Henry C.; Scheltinga, Marc R.M.
Source:
Age & Nutrition 1994 v.5 no.2 pp. 123-129
Subject:
body weight; body water; electrodes; bioelectrical impedance; body mass index; lean body mass
Handle:
10113/45194

92. Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectra and changes in body composition during weight loss

Author:
Hackman, R.M.; Ellis, B.K.; Brown, R.L.
Source:
Journal of the American College of Nutrition 1994 v.13 no.3 pp. 243-250
ISSN:
0731-5724
Subject:
diet; body composition; exercise; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; phosphorus; women
Abstract:
... Objective: The use of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to monitor cellular bioenergetics during weight loss may provide novel insights regarding metabolic functioning. Methods: Changes were noted in 18 sedentary, moderately overweight women following a 7-week program consisting of a low-fat, 422-428 MJ/day (1010-1025 kcal/day) diet, a progressive walking program, a vitamin-mineral-fortified, ...
DOI:
10.1080/07315724.1994.10718404
PubMed:
8077572

93. Rabbit growth, feed efficiency and body composition: effects of recombinant porcine somatotropin

Author:
Hulot, F.; Ouhayoun, J.; Zotte, A.D.
Source:
Meat science 1994 v.36 no.3 pp. 435-444
ISSN:
0309-1740
Subject:
swine; somatotropin; body composition; feeds; rabbits
DOI:
10.1016/0309-1740(94)90138-4
PubMed:
22061636

94. Undernutrition in relation to changed tissue composition in red deer (Cervus elaphus)

Author:
Wolkers, H.; Wensing, T.; Schonewille, J.T.; Klooster, A.T. van't.
Source:
Canadian journal of zoology 1994 v.72 no.10 pp. 1837-1840
ISSN:
0008-4301
Subject:
Cervus elaphus; liver; kidneys; body composition; protein content; DNA; nutritional status; muscle tissues; malnutrition
DOI:
10.1139/z94-248

95. The influence of energy and protein on turkeys during the finisher period

Author:
Rivas, F.M.; Firman, J.D.
Source:
Journal of applied poultry research 1994 v.3 no.4 pp. 327-335
ISSN:
1056-6171
Subject:
dietary protein; dietary fat; feed conversion; body weight; gender differences; body composition; crude protein; metabolizable energy
DOI:
10.1093/japr/3.4.327

96. A method to quantify combustible carbon

Author:
Harjo, C.O.; Teeter, R.G.
Source:
Poultry science 1994 v.73 no.12 pp. 1914-1916
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
broiler chickens; calorimetry; body composition; calibration; carbon; body weight; carcass composition; balance studies
Abstract:
... A technique has been developed enabling carbon quantification of samples containing combustible carbon. Briefly, the technique consists of sample combustion in a bomb calorimeter to convert sample carbon to CO2 followed by quantification of total gas volume and the proportion of gas volume as CO2. Gas laws are used to convert collected data into milligrams of carbon contained per gram of sample co ...
DOI:
10.3382/ps.0731914

97. The use of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) to estimate body composition in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT)

Author:
Leiter, L.A.; Lukaski, H.C.; Kenny, D.J.; Barnie, A.; Camelon, K.; Ferguson, R.S.; MacLean, S.; Simkins, S.; Zinman, B.; Cleary, P.A.
Source:
International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity 1994 v.18 no.12 pp. 829-835
Subject:
men; women; X-radiation; biomedical research; diabetes; body fat
Abstract:
... Although weight gain often accompanies intensive treatment regimens designed to achieve near-normal glycemia in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), body composition (BC) has not been well studied. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a safe, rapid, and non-invasive method of assessing BC but has not been utilized widely in IDDM. Data from 46 adults with IDDM were used to develop a reg ...
Handle:
10113/43846
PubMed:
7894522

98. Body Composition and Nutrition Support in Pediatrics: What to Defend and How Soon to Begin

Author:
John J. Cunningham
Source:
Nutrition in clinical practice 1995 v.10 no.5 pp. 177-182
ISSN:
0884-5336
Subject:
adults; body composition; children; energy expenditure; hospitals; infants; malnutrition; morbidity; mortality; nutritional intervention; pediatrics; protein depletion; puberty; starvation
Abstract:
... Specialized nutrition support is initiated during hospital care on the assumption that sparing the mobilization of body energy reserves is advantageous to recovery. The combined effects of disease and undernutrition on body cell mass, organ function, immune responsiveness, and wound healing are well documented in adults. Children cannot survive a fast as long as adults because of their lesser stor ...
DOI:
10.1177/0115426595010005177

99. Body temperature and thyroid hormone metabolism of copper-deficient rats

Author:
Lukaski, H.C.; Hall, C.B.; Marchello, M.J.
Source:
Journal of nutritional biochemistry 1995 v.6 no.8 pp. 445-451
ISSN:
0955-2863
Subject:
copper; nutrient deficiencies; thyroid hormones; body temperature; blood plasma; liver; adipose tissue; cytochrome-c oxidase; glutathione peroxidase; hormone receptors; body composition; rats; ferroxidase
Abstract:
... The hypothesis that the effects of copper deficiency on body temperature are mediated via the thyroid hormone system was examined in 24 male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 240 to 250 g, matched by weight and fed ad libitum diets containing adequate (78.7 micromole/kg), marginal (31.5 micromole/kg), or deficient (< 7.9 micromole/kg) amounts of copper for 35 days. Anemia was not found in the copper-r ...
Handle:
10113/44230

100. Comparison of body composition measured by total body potassium and infrared interactance

Author:
Flynn, M.A.; Nolph, G.B.; Krause, G.
Source:
Journal of the American College of Nutrition 1995 v.14 no.6 pp. 652-655
ISSN:
0731-5724
Subject:
men; women; potassium; measurement; lean body mass; body fat
Abstract:
... Objective: The purpose of this study was to find how closely a near infrared instrument (IRI), Futrex 5000, would compare to whole body counting (WBC) of potassium-40 (40K) in assessing body composition. Design: We measured lean body mass (LBM) and percent total body fat (PCF) in 177 males and 27 females by total body potassium (TBK) and by infrared interactance (IRI). TBK was assessed by 2 pi who ...
DOI:
10.1080/07315724.1995.10718555
PubMed:
8598427