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1. "Minimal pruning" in free spindle bush peach trees to avoid an unproductive period

Author:
S. Sansavini; G. Sorrenti; G. L. Del Vecchio
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2015 no.1084 pp. 485-494
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
branches; cutting; fruiting; fruits; orchards; peaches; planting date; pruning; scions; shoots; trees; wood; Italy
Abstract:
... In Italy the “minimal pruning system” (a definition derived from the grapevine pruning technique) is generally utilized in peach orchards. One of its main rules is to initially obtain a “free spindle bush” shape, avoiding cutting back the scion at planting time but using lateral shoots to form future fruiting branches. This experiment involved a comparison of three high density peach plots ...
DOI:
10.17660/ActaHortic.2015.1084.67

2. 'Ebony Embers', 'Ebony Fire', 'Ebony Flame','Ebony Glow' and 'Ebony and Ivory' Dark-Leaf Crapemyrtles

Author:
Cecil Pounders; Brian E. Scheffler; Timothy A. Rinehart
Source:
Hortscience 2013 v.48 no.12 pp. 1568-1570
ISSN:
0018-5345
Subject:
Lagerstroemia indica; branches; clones; color; corolla; cultivars; flowering; growth habit; heat; leaves; summer
Abstract:
... ‘Ebony Embers’, ‘Ebony Fire’, ‘Ebony Flame’, ‘Ebony Glow’ and ‘Ebony and Ivory’ are cultivars which are predominantly L. indica in heritage that combine persistent black-purple leaves and a range of flower colors with intermediate growth habits. ‘Ebony Embers’ has a vase shaped growth habit with dimensions of 1.9 m tall and 1.1 m wide at 4 years and is the last of the five clones to flower. Leaves ...
Handle:
10113/58325

3. 'Node counting': an internal control of balanced vegetative and reproductive development

Author:
Sachs, T.
Source:
Plant, cell and environment 1999 v.22 no.7 pp. 757-766
ISSN:
0140-7791
Subject:
asexual reproduction; branches; flowers; leaves; roots; shoots
Abstract:
... Plants can complete an entire life cycle in uniform environments. This is evidence that while shoot apices reiterate leaf formation they also change as a function of their own development. These changes occur in individual apices rather than the plant as a whole, and they are most closely correlated with the number of nodes an apex has formed. Evidence about the mechanism of 'node counting' sugges ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-3040.1999.00220.x

4. (P)/(M)-corinepalensin A, a pair of axially chiral prenylated bicoumarin enantiomers with a rare C-5C-5′ linkage from the twigs of Coriaria nepalensis

Author:
Lin Chen; Gui-Hua Tang; Fu-Liang Guo; Wei Li; Jun-Sheng Zhang; Bo Liu; Sheng Yin
Source:
Phytochemistry 2018 v.149 pp. 140-145
ISSN:
0031-9422
Subject:
Coriaria; asthma; branches; chemical bonding; coumarin; drugs; enantiomers; inhibitory concentration 50; spectroscopy
Abstract:
... A pair of undescribed bicoumarin enantiomers, (P)/(M)-corinepalensin A, two undescribed prenylated coumarins, corinepalensins B and C, along with ten known coumarins were isolated from the twigs of Coriaria nepalensis. (P)/(M)-corinepalensin A feature a rare C-5C-5′ axially chiral linkage between two prenylated coumarin monomers. Their structures were determined by a combination of spectroscopic m ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.02.012

5. 1-MCP can prevent ethylene-induced damage to fruit trees during cold storage

Author:
Maas, F.M.; Schaik, A.C.R. van; Hof, M.C.J.; Anbergen, R.H.N.; Ravesloot, M.B.M.
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2010 v. no.884 pp. 559-563
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
1-methylcyclopropene; autumn; bark; branches; buds; callus; cold; cold storage; death; discoloration; ethylene; fruit trees; leaves; pears; planting; spring; storage time; temperature; tree damage; winter
Abstract:
... At present, about 50% of the young fruit trees is stored for more than one month in cold rooms between lifting in the nursery and planting in spring in the orchard with a maximum storage duration of 5-6 months. Storage of fruit trees requires the absence of ethylene in the storage room, as this gaseous plant growth regulator may induce damage to the trees during storage, which eventually may lead ...

6. 137Cs Trapped by Biomass within 20 km of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant

Author:
Koizumi Akio; Niisoe Tamon; Harada Kouji H.; Fujii Yukiko; Adachi Ayumu; Hitomi Toshiaki; Ishikawa Hirohiko
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2013 v.47 no.17 pp. 9612-9618
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
biomass; branches; cesium; forest canopy; forest soils; forests; leaves; models; nuclear power; power plants; prediction; radionuclides; solvents; washing
Abstract:
... Analysis of ¹³⁷Cs trapped in biomass in highly contaminated zones is crucial in predicting the long-term fate of ¹³⁷Cs following the explosion at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. We surveyed forest 20–50 km from the plant in July and September 2011 to evaluate ¹³⁷Cs trapped in biomass within 20 km of the plant. We determined the ambient dose rate and collected forest soils and twigs at 1 ...
DOI:
10.1021/es401422g

7. 13C-labelling of leaf photoassimilates to study the source–sink relationship in two Iranian melon cultivars

Author:
Taher Barzegar; Franz-W. Badeck; Mojtaba Delshad; Abdol-Karim Kashi; Daniel Berveiller; Jaleh Ghashghaie
Source:
Scientia horticulturae 2013 v.151 pp. 157-164
ISSN:
0304-4238
Subject:
branches; cultivars; female flowers; fruit quality; fruits; greenhouse experimentation; leaves; melons; photosynthesis; source-sink relationships
Abstract:
... To study the effect of fruit position on the stem on photoassimilate partitioning in two Iranian melon cultivars (Suski-Sabz and Jalali-Zard), a greenhouse experiment was conducted. Three fruit positions (retaining one fruit on 3rd, 7th or 11th node of two lateral branches) and three leaf positions for 13C-labelling (3rd, 8th or 12th leaf from the base of one branch) were compared during the exper ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scienta.2012.12.008

8. 15nitrogen study on absorption, distribution and utilization of nitrogen applied in early summer in red fuji apple

Author:
LiXin Zhang; MingYu Han; CaiPing Zhao; ChangHong Liu; FangFang Zhang; LinSen Zhang; BingZhi Li
Source:
Journal of plant nutrition 2012 v.35 no.10 pp. 1557-1571
ISSN:
1532-4087
Subject:
absorption; apples; branches; fine roots; fruits; leaves; nitrogen; nitrogen content; nutrient use efficiency; shoots; summer; trees; urea
Abstract:
... Total nitrogen (N) concentration (N%), N derived from ¹⁵N-fertilizer (Ndff%), amount of ¹⁵N uptake (ANU) in main organs (leaves, shoots, roots, fruits), and N use efficiency (NUE) were measured to assess N absorption, distribution, and utilization of Red Fuji apple trees across two years using a ¹⁵N-enriched urea method. The N% in leaves and fruits decreased while those in shoots and roots increas ...
DOI:
10.1080/01904167.2012.689914

9. 1998 ice storm impact on sugar bushes of eastern Ontario

Author:
Noland, Thomas L.
Source:
Forestry chronicle 2003 v.79 no.1 pp. 75-81
ISSN:
0015-7546
Subject:
Acer saccharum subsp. saccharum; amino acid composition; branches; calcium; ice; ice damage; magnesium; sap; starch; storm damage; sugars; sweetness; syrups; trees; Ontario
Abstract:
... In 1998, thirty-four managed sugar bush blocks with 7% to 72% ice-induced crown damage were established in eastern Ontario. All received dolomitic lime (Ca, Mg) and P and K treatments in June 1999. Initial crown damage, fall root starch and sugar levels, sap production and sweetness, sap amino acid concentration, and tap hole closure rate were measured. Syrup production was calculated. Trees with ...
DOI:
10.5558/tfc79075-1

10. 1H-NMR and UPLC-MS metabolomics: Functional tools for exploring chemotypic variation in Sceletium tortuosum from two provinces in South Africa

Author:
Jianping Zhao; Ikhlas A. Khan; Sandra Combrinck; Maxleene Sandasi; Weiyang Chen; Alvaro M. Viljoen
Source:
Phytochemistry 2018 v.152 pp. 191-203
ISSN:
0031-9422
Subject:
Sceletium tortuosum; alkaloids; anxiety; brain; branches; chemometrics; diodes; mass spectrometry; metabolomics; methanol; models; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; pinitol; quantitative analysis; receptors; ultra-performance liquid chromatography; South Africa
Abstract:
... Sceletium tortuosum (Aizoaceae) is widely recognised for the treatment of stress, anxiety and depression, as well as for obsessive compulsive disorders. A comprehensive intraspecies chemotypic variation study, using samples harvested from two distinct regions of South Africa, was done using both proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy of methanol extracts (N = 145) and ultra perfor ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.03.013
CHORUS:
10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.03.013

11. 25-O-acetyl-23,24-dihydro-cucurbitacin F induces cell cycle G2/M arrest and apoptosis in human soft tissue sarcoma cells

Author:
Birgit Lohberger; Nadine Kretschmer; Eva Bernhart; Beate Rinner; Nicole Stuendl; Heike Kaltenegger; Stefan Kahl; Rudolf Bauer; Andreas Leithner
Source:
Journal of ethnopharmacology 2015 v.164 pp. 265-272
ISSN:
0378-8741
Subject:
Oriental traditional medicine; Quisqualis; Western blotting; apoptosis; branches; caspase-3; cell cycle checkpoints; cell proliferation; cell viability; cyclin-dependent kinase; cyclins; cytotoxicity; dose response; drug therapy; human cell lines; leaves; metastasis; mitosis; neoplasm cells; pro-apoptotic proteins; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; sarcoma; tissues
Abstract:
... Quisqualis indica is used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat cancer and related syndromes and also known for its anthelminthic effects.Soft tissue sarcomas represent a rare group of malignant tumors that frequently exhibit chemotherapeutic resistance and increased metastatic potential. In this study, we evaluated the cytotoxic, apoptosis inducing and cell cycle arresting effects of 25-O-acet ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jep.2015.02.023

12. 2D-NLDFT adsorption models for porous oxides with corrugated cylindrical pores

Author:
Jacek Jagiello; Mietek Jaroniec
Source:
Journal of colloid and interface science 2018 v.532 pp. 588-597
ISSN:
0021-9797
Subject:
adsorption; branches; density functional theory; models; porosity; porous media; silica; sorption isotherms; surface roughness
Abstract:
... In this work, we develop two-dimensional models based on the non-local density functional theory (2D-NLDFT) for the analysis of pore size distribution (PSD) of oxide materials with cylindrical pores with rough and heterogeneous walls. The existing standard NLDFT models for porous oxides assume the smooth energetically uniform surface of the pore walls. Due to this assumption, the calculated theore ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcis.2018.08.021

13. 3-D voxel-based solid modeling of a broad-leaved tree for accurate volume estimation using portable scanning lidar

Author:
Fumiki Hosoi; Yohei Nakai; Kenji Omasa
Source:
ISPRS journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing 2013 v.82 no. pp. 41-48
ISSN:
0924-2716
Subject:
Zelkova serrata; branches; lidar; models; spatial variation; trees
Abstract:
... We developed a method to produce a 3-D voxel-based solid model of a tree based on portable scanning lidar data for accurate estimation of the volume of the woody material. First, we obtained lidar measurements with a high laser pulse density from several measurement positions around the target, a Japanese zelkova tree. Next, we converted lidar-derived point-cloud data for the target into voxels. T ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2013.04.011

14. 3-Hydroxypropionic Acid as an Antibacterial Agent from Endophytic Fungi Diaporthe phaseolorum

Author:
Fernanda L. S. Sebastianes; Nuria Cabedo; Noureddine El Aouad; Angela M. M. P. Valente; Paulo T. Lacava; João L. Azevedo; Aline A. Pizzirani-Kleiner; Diego Cortes
Source:
Current microbiology 2012 v.65 no.5 pp. 622-632
ISSN:
0343-8651
Subject:
endophytes; Staphylococcus aureus; metabolism; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Laguncularia racemosa; antibiotics; branches; marine environment; marine fungi; bioassays; biochemical pathways; esterification; Diaporthe phaseolorum; internal transcribed spacers; ecosystems; biodiversity; habitats; Salmonella Typhi; pathogens; antibacterial properties
Abstract:
... Endophytic fungi are considered a rich source of active compounds resulting from their secondary metabolism. Fungi from marine environment grow in a habitat with unique conditions that can contribute to the activation of metabolic pathways of synthesis of different unknown molecules. The production of these compounds may support the adaptation and survival of the fungi in the marine ecosystem. Man ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00284-012-0206-4

15. 3-Substituted Coumarins from the Twigs of Rhadinothamnus rudis ssp. amblycarpus

Author:
Corinne Girard; Delphine Roux; Frédéric Muyard; Michel Colombain; François Tillequin; Peter G. Waterman; Françoise Bévalota
Source:
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung 2014 v.60 no.5 pp. 561-564
ISSN:
0932-0776
Subject:
Rutaceae; branches; coumarins; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; spectral analysis
Abstract:
... The twigs of Rhadinothamnus rudis ssp. amblycarpus (Phebalium rude ssp. amblycarpum) yielded three new 3-substituted coumarins: rudicoumarin A-C (1- 3). Their structures were established on the basis of their NMR and mass spectral data. In addition, ten other known compounds were also isolated, including phebaclavin I, schinicoumarin, seselin, and seven linear furocoumarins. ...
DOI:
10.1515/znb-2005-0514

16. 38. On Marine Chironomidæ (Diptera); with Descriptions of a New Genus and four New Species from Samoa

Author:
F. W. Edwards
Source:
Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1926 v.96 no.3 pp. 779-806
ISSN:
0370-2774
Subject:
Diptera; Halophila; adults; branches; coasts; females; flight; legs; macroalgae; males; midges; new genus; new species; rocks; seawater; tides; wings; Eastern Africa; Samoa
Abstract:
... A general review is given of our present knowledge concerning marine midges in various parts of the world. These belong to several genera, and appear to have been derived from different branches of one tribe (Orthocladiariæ) of the family Chironomidæ. Some of the flies remain unmodified and may be found flying over rocks and seaweed; others have vestigial wings in one or both sexes, and these ar ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1469-7998.1926.tb07127.x

17. 3D modelling of individual trees using a handheld camera: Accuracy of height, diameter and volume estimates

Author:
Jordan Miller; Justin Morgenroth; Christopher Gomez
Source:
Urban forestry & urban greening 2015 v.14 no.4 pp. 932-940
ISSN:
1618-8667
Subject:
branches; cameras; computer vision; lidar; lighting; models; people; photographs; remote sensing; trees
Abstract:
... Accurate tree measurement is necessary for applications such as resource appraisal, and biophysical and ecological modelling. This research tests the potential to use a low-cost hand-held camera alongside structure-from-motion with multi-view stereo-photogrammetry (SfM-MVS) to accurately measure trees. SfM-MVS is a computer vision technique, in which the geographic coordinates of objects are calcu ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ufug.2015.09.001

18. 3D modelling of mango fruit skin blush in the tree canopy

Author:
X. Yu; N. White; A. Lisle; S. F. Cao; Y. Zhang; D. C. Joyce; P. J. Hofman
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2016 no.1111 pp. 341-346
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
anthocyanins; biosynthesis; branches; canopy; cultivars; leaves; mangoes; models; pigmentation; pruning; reflectance; shade; solar radiation; trees
Abstract:
... The fruit of certain mango cultivars (e.g., ‘Honey Gold’) can develop blush on their skin. Skin blush due to red pigmentation is from the accumulation of anthocyanins. Anthocyanin biosynthesis is related to environmental determinants, including light received by the fruit. It has been observed that mango skin blush varies with position in the tree canopy. However, little investigation into this sp ...
DOI:
10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1111.49

19. 3D reconstruction of Chinese hickory tree for dynamics analysis

Author:
Chuanyu Wu; Leiying He; Xiaoqiang Du; Shaozhong Chen; Ke'nan Ni
Source:
Biosystems engineering 2014 v.119 pp. 69-79
ISSN:
1537-5110
Subject:
Carya cathayensis; branches; computer software; equations; finite element analysis; harvesting; leaves; models; nuts; topology; trees; vibration
Abstract:
... Vibratory harvest is the most appropriate and efficient way to harvest Chinese hickory (Carya cathayensis Sarg.) nuts because of the hilly growth environment and scattered shooting architecture. To develop a mechanical harvester that can be adapted to different Chinese hickory trees, a three-dimensional (3D) model of the tree should be obtained and its dynamics parameters identified. This paper in ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2014.01.008

20. 3‐D maps of tree canopy geometries at leaf scale: Ecological Archives E090‐019

Author:
Hervé Sinoquet; Sylvain Pincebourde; Boris Adam; Nicolas Donès; Jessada Phattaralerphong; Didier Combes; Stéphane Ploquin; Krissada Sangsing; Poonpipope Kasemsap; Sornprach Thanisawanyangkura; Géraldine Groussier-Bout; JérÔme Casas
Source:
Ecology 2009 v.90 no.1 pp. 283
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
allometry; apples; branches; branching; canopy; data collection; ecophysiology; fruit growing; fruit yield; leaf angle; leaf area; leafminers; leaves; mangoes; microclimate; models; mortality; primary productivity; risk; rubber; trees; walnuts
Abstract:
... The geometrical structure of plant canopies has many implications for plant functioning, microclimatic conditions, and plant‐pathogen/herbivore interactions. Plant geometry can be described at several scales. At the finest scale, canopy structure includes the shape, size, location, and orientation of each organ in the canopy. This data set reports the three‐dimensional (3‐D) geometry of a set of f ...
DOI:
10.1890/08-0179.1

21. Chalara fraxinea – ash dieback in the Czech Republic

Author:
L. Jankovský; O. Holdenrieder
Source:
Plant Protection Science v.45 no.2 pp. 74-78
ISSN:
1212-2580
Subject:
Fraxinus excelsior; Hymenoscyphus fraxineus; Hyphomycetes; arboreta; branches; dieback; plant protection; teleomorphs; trees; Czech Republic
Abstract:
... The causal agent of ash dieback, the hyphomycete Chalara fraxinea, was isolated from a Fraxinus excelsior cv. Pendula tree, in the Arboretum Křtiny between Křtiny and Jedovnice in Drahany Highland, and subsequently from several other locations in South Moravia in the Czech Republic. The infection was associated with severe twig dieback and symptoms of ash dieback were observed in ma ...
DOI:
10.17221/45/2008-pps

22. Chiloscyphus chinnarensis (Lophocoleaceae: Marchantiophyta): A new species from the Western Ghats of India

Author:
C. N. Manju; K. P. Rajesh; P. V. Madhusoodanan
Source:
Acta botanica Hungarica 2011 v.53 no.1-2 pp. 151-157
ISSN:
0236-6495
Subject:
Marchantiophyta; bracts; branches; epiphytes; females; forests; leaves; mosses and liverworts; new species; plant taxonomy; India
Abstract:
... Chiloscyphus chinnarensis sp. nova, an autoicous, epiphytic leafy liverwort, with prostrate thin leafy shoot, closely imbricate, bluntly bilobed leaves in some branches, deeply 2-lobed underleaves which varies in size and cell arrangements, both margin usually with one additional tooth below, and having non-ciliate bracts in female inflorescence is described from the tropical wet evergreen ...
DOI:
10.1556/ABot.53.2011.1-2.14

23. Sarcopoterium spinosum: Revisiting shrub development and its relationship to space occupation with time

Author:
Orna Reisman-Berman; Zalmen Henkin
Source:
Israel journal of plant sciences 2007 v.55 no.1 pp. 53-61
ISSN:
0792-9978
Subject:
Mediterranean climate; adults; branches; canopy; dry environmental conditions; seedlings; sexual reproduction; shrubs; space and time; Israel
Abstract:
... We describe and quantify the process of space occupation by the dwarf shrub, Sarcopoterium spinosum, in mesic and xeric Mediterranean environments. The shrubs were sampled in fifteen 2 m x 1 m plots in an arid Mediterranean site (Lahav, northern Negev, Israel) and in a 10-m2 patch in a sub-humid Mediterranean site (Elkosh, Galilee). The results revealed three clear stages of deve ...
DOI:
10.1560/IJPS.55.1.53

24. A Bayesian method for multi-pollution source water quality model and seasonal water quality management in river segments

Author:
Ying Zhao; Ashish Sharma; Bellie Sivakumar; Lucy Marshall; Peng Wang; Jiping Jiang
Source:
Environmental modelling & software 2014 v.57 pp. 216-226
ISSN:
1364-8152
Subject:
Bayesian theory; ammonia; branches; computer software; hydrologic models; pollutants; rivers; seasonal variation; water quality; China
Abstract:
... Excessive pollutant discharge from multi-pollution resources can lead to a rise in downriver contaminant concentration in river segments. A multi-pollution source water quality model (MPSWQM) was integrated with Bayesian statistics to develop a robust method for supporting load (I) reduction and effective water quality management in the Harbin City Reach of the Songhua River system in northeastern ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.03.005

25. A Bite is a Bite is a Bite? Constraints on Response to Folivory in Piper Arieianum (Piperaceae)

Author:
Robert J. Marquis
Source:
Ecology 1992 v.73 no.1 pp. 143-152
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Piper; branches; canopy; flowering; forests; fruit growing; herbivores; inflorescences; leaf area; leaves; phenology; plant damage; pollinators; reproduction; seed treatment; seeds; shrubs; understory; woody plants; Costa Rica
Abstract:
... Because resource movement is restricted within and among branches of woody plants, different patterns of folivory are likely to differentially affect plant fitness. I examined experimentally the effects of folivory pattern on growth and seed output in the understory tropical wet forest shrub Piper arieianum (Piperaceae) in Costa Rica. I removed 10% of a plant's leaf area in two constrating manners ...
DOI:
10.2307/1938727

26. A COMPARISON BETWEEN SOMACLONAL VARIATION AND INDUCED MUTAGENESIS IN TISSUE CULTURE OF SUNFLOWER LINE Z-8-A (Helianthus annuus L.) / COMPARAISON ENTRE LA VARIATION SOMACLONÉE ET LA MUTAGÉNJÈSE DANS LA CULTURE DE TISSU DE LA LIGNE Z-8-A DE TOURNESOL (Helianthus annuus L.)

Author:
Julia Encheva; Fota Tsvetkova; Peter Ivanov
Source:
Helia 2014 v.26 no.38 pp. 91-98
ISSN:
2197-0483
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; branches; cesium; gamma radiation; irradiation; leaves; lipid content; mutagenesis; organogenesis; radionuclides; self-pollination; somaclonal variation; tissue culture
Abstract:
... Immature zygotic embryos from the Spanish self-pollinated sunflower line Z-8-A (Helianthus annus L.) were used as donor material to induce direct organogenesis. A portion of the isolated immature embryos were treated with gamma radiation (¹³⁷Cs) at a dose of 5 Gy before plating. The range of the spontaneously induced somaclonal variation among the obtained regenerants was investigated and compared ...
DOI:
10.1515/helia.2003.26.38.91

27. A Comparison of Hierarchical and Non-Hierarchical Bayesian Approaches for Fitting Allometric Larch (Larix.spp.) Biomass Equations

Author:
Dongsheng Chen; Xingzhao Huang; Xiaomei Sun; Wu Ma; Shougong Zhang
Source:
Forests 2016 v.7 no.1 pp. -
ISSN:
1999-4907
Subject:
Bayesian theory; Larix; allometry; bark; biomass; branches; carbon sequestration; equations; forests; leaves; models; monitoring; plantations; roots; stemwood; trees; China
Abstract:
... Accurate biomass estimations are important for assessing and monitoring forest carbon storage. Bayesian theory has been widely applied to tree biomass models. Recently, a hierarchical Bayesian approach has received increasing attention for improving biomass models. In this study, tree biomass data were obtained by sampling 310 trees from 209 permanent sample plots from larch plantations in six reg ...
DOI:
10.3390/f7010018

28. A Complete Assessment of Carbon Stocks in Above and Belowground Biomass Components of a Hybrid Eucalyptus Plantation in Southern Brazil

Author:
Márcio Viera; Roque Rodríguez-Soalleiro
Source:
Forests 2019 v.10 no.7 pp. -
ISSN:
1999-4907
Subject:
Eucalyptus globulus; Eucalyptus urophylla; bark; belowground biomass; branches; canopy; carbon; carbon sequestration; carbon sinks; clones; ecosystem services; fine roots; hybrids; indigenous species; inventories; leaves; plantations; soil; soil carbon; trees; understory; wood; Brazil
Abstract:
... Hybrid eucalypt clones are grown for fiber production worldwide and to provide an ecosystem service that can store atmospheric carbon at a very fast rate. This study assessed the carbon stocks in the soil and various tree fractions in a 10-year-old plantation of Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake × Eucalyptus globulus Labill. in Southern Brazil. Four experimental plots were established, and an ...
DOI:
10.3390/f10070536

29. A Comprehensive Review of Phytochemistry and Biological Activities of Quercus Species

Author:
Ema Burlacu; Adrian Nisca; Corneliu Tanase
Source:
Forests 2020 v.11 no.9 pp. -
ISSN:
1999-4907
Subject:
Quercus brantii; Quercus infectoria; Quercus robur; acorns; antineoplastic activity; antioxidants; bark; biocompatible materials; branches; chemical constituents of plants; cosmetics; dietary supplements; fatty acids; galls; leaves; phenolic compounds; phytochemicals; seeds; sterols; traditional medicine; volatile organic compounds; wines; wood
Abstract:
... The Quercus genus provides a large amount of biomaterial with many applications in fields like pharmaceutics, cosmetics, and foodstuff areas. Due to the worldwide dissemination of the genus, many species were used for centuries in traditional healing methods or in the wine maturing process. This review aims to bring together the results about phytoconstituents from oak extracts and their biologica ...
DOI:
10.3390/f11090904

30. A Deep Detection Network Based on Interaction of Instance Segmentation and Object Detection for SAR Images

Author:
Zitong Wu; Biao Hou; Bo Ren; Zhongle Ren; Shuang Wang; Licheng Jiao
Source:
Remote Sensing 2021 v.13 no.13 pp. -
ISSN:
2072-4292
Subject:
algorithms; branches; branching; data collection; design; extracts; image analysis; learning; remote sensing; shipping; ships; synthetic aperture radar
Abstract:
... Ship detection is a challenging task for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. Ships have arbitrary directionality and multiple scales in SAR images. Furthermore, there is a lot of clutter near the ships. Traditional detection algorithms are not robust to these situations and easily cause redundancy in the detection area. With the continuous improvement in resolution, the traditional algorithms c ...
DOI:
10.3390/rs13132582

31. A Density-Based Approach for Leaf Area Index Assessment in a Complex Forest Environment Using a Terrestrial Laser Scanner

Author:
Ali Rouzbeh Kargar; Richard MacKenzie; Gregory P. Asner; Jan van Aardt
Source:
Remote Sensing 2019 v.11 no.15 pp. -
ISSN:
2072-4292
Subject:
algorithms; biomass; branches; cleaning; data collection; ecosystems; forest canopy; forests; habitats; leaf area; leaf area index; leaves; lidar; models; national parks; reflectance; remote sensing; scanners; species diversity; vegetation cover; volcanoes; water uptake; wavelengths; Hawaii
Abstract:
... Forests are an important part natural ecosystems, by for example providing food, fiber, habitat, and biodiversity, all of which contribute to stable natural systems. Assessing and modeling the structure and characteristics of forests, e.g., Leaf Area Index (LAI), volume, biomass, etc., can lead to a better understanding and management of these resources. In recent years, Terrestrial Laser Scanning ...
DOI:
10.3390/rs11151791

32. A Destructive New Disease of Citrus in China Caused by Cryptosporiopsis citricarpa sp. nov.

Author:
Zhu Li; Wang Xinghong; Huang Feng; Zhang Jinze; Li Hongye; Ding Dekuan; Hyde Kevin D.
Source:
Plant disease 2012 v.96 no.6 pp. 804-812
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Citrus unshiu; Cryptosporiopsis; Fortunella margarita; Neofabraea; branches; conidia; conidiomata; crop production; defoliation; dieback; financial economics; fungi; internal transcribed spacers; kumquats; leaves; mortality; orchards; pathogens; phylogeny; satsumas; shoots; spring; teleomorphs; winter; China
Abstract:
... Defoliation, dieback and mortality of Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu), as well as kumquat (Fortunella margarita), in Chenggu County, Shaanxi Province, China was first noticed in 2006 and caused substantial economic losses to citrus production. The incidence of leaves infected approached 100% in some badly infected orchards. The disease prevailed only in late winter and early spring, where early s ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-09-11-0775

33. A Field Tests of Interspecific Competition on Oviposition of Gall‐Forming Sawflies on Willow

Author:
Robert S. Fritz; Peter W. Price
Source:
Ecology 1990 v.71 no.1 pp. 99-106
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Euura lasiolepis; Salix lasiolepis; bags; branches; females; field experimentation; interspecific competition; oviposition; petioles; phenology; sawflies; shoots; stem galls
Abstract:
... We performed a manipulative field experiment to test for competitive effects of the stem galling sawfly (Euura lasiolepis) on three other gall—forming sawflies on arroyo willow (Salix lasiolepis). Within a willow clone, three branches were left untreated, three branches had E. lasiolepis females placed on them in nylon screen bags during that species' oviposition period, and three branches were ba ...
DOI:
10.2307/1940250

34. A Galactomannan-Driven Enhancement of the In Vitro Multiplication Rate for the Marubakaido Apple Rootstock (Malus prunifolia (Willd.) Borkh) is Not Related to the Degradation of the Exogenous Galactomannan

Author:
Adaucto B. Pereira-Netto; Rhayla G. Meneguin; Alessandra Biz; Joana L. M. Silveira
Source:
Applied biochemistry and biotechnology 2012 v.166 no.1 pp. 197-207
ISSN:
0273-2289
Subject:
Malus prunifolia; Schizolobium; agar; apples; branches; culture media; galactomannans; gas chromatography; gelling agents; micropropagation; plant tissues; rootstocks; seeds; shoots; thin layer chromatography; tissue culture; trees
Abstract:
... Agar is a complex mixture of gel-forming polysaccharides. Gelling agents are very often used to provide proper support for plants grown in semisolid culture media. And agar is the most frequently used gelling agent in plant tissue culture media. Galactomannans, another group of gel-forming polysaccharides, consists of a (1 → 4)-linked β-D-mannopyranosyl backbone partially substituted at O-6 with D ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12010-011-9416-7
PubMed:
22057908

35. A Gamma-Poisson model for vertical location and frequency of buds on lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) leaders

Author:
Nemec, Amanda F. Linnell; Goudie, James W.; Parish, Roberta
Source:
Canadian journal of forest research = 2010 v.40 no.10 pp. 2049-2058
ISSN:
0045-5067
Subject:
Pinus contorta var. latifolia; branches; buds; models; shoots; spatial distribution; trees; British Columbia
Abstract:
... The aim of this work was to model the vertical location and number of branch primordia (buds) on the leader of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Doug. ex Loud.) trees in central British Columbia. For species such as lodgepole pine, where branches occur in clusters rather than individually, the Gamma-Poisson model provides a natural framework for describing and simulating the distribution of buds on t ...
DOI:
10.1139/X10-140

36. A GmAOX2b antisense gene compromises vegetative growth and seed production in soybean

Author:
Tsun-Thai Chai; Daina Simmonds; David A. Day; Timothy D. Colmer; Patrick M. Finnegan
Source:
Planta 2012 v.236 no.1 pp. 199-207
ISSN:
0032-0935
Subject:
Glycine max; asexual reproduction; branches; crop production; genes; growth performance; growth retardation; leaf area; leaves; mitochondria; ovules; planting; pods; seed set; seeds; shoots; soybeans; vegetative growth
Abstract:
... The alternative oxidase mediates the cyanide-resistant respiratory pathway in plant mitochondria. In non-thermogenic plants, the role of alternative oxidase in plant growth and development is not well understood. Soybean (Glycine max) lines carrying a GmAOX2b antisense gene had compromised vegetative growth and reproductive performance under typical glasshouse growth conditions. The reduction in v ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00425-012-1601-6
PubMed:
22307678

37. A Guayule Seed Harvesting Device

Author:
Wayne Coates
Source:
Applied engineering in agriculture 1986 v.2 no.2 pp. 70-72
ISSN:
0883-8542
Subject:
Parthenium argentatum; agricultural engineering; branches; crops; guayule; harvesting; seeds
Abstract:
... A harvester for guayule, Parthenium argentatum, seed was designed and field tested. As the machine moves along the plant row, vertically oriented rods strike the branches and dislodge seeds while a series of movable plates form a surface to catch the seeds. Field tests indicated an average of 15% more seed per hectare was harvested with this machine than with a previous design. Based on the test r ...
DOI:
10.13031/2013.26712

38. A Host Creates an Enemy‐free Space for Mistletoes by Reducing Seed Predation Caused by a Woodboring Beetle: A Hypothesis

Author:
Rodrigo F. Fadini; Ana Mellado; Leidielly P. Ghizoni
Source:
Biotropica 2014 v.46 no.3 pp. 260-263
ISSN:
0006-3606
Subject:
Hypothenemus obscurus; branches; host plants; host specificity; parasitic plants; plant nutrition; seed predation; seeds; tritrophic interactions
Abstract:
... Parasitic plants rely on host plants for nutrition. The number of host species varies largely between groups, from single species or genus to hundreds of species. Relative abundance of the host and evolutionary history are the main requisites for parasitic plants to develop specificity to abundant hosts. In the present study, we suggest a novel mechanism by which a hemiparasitic mistletoe can deve ...
DOI:
10.1111/btp.12107

39. A Low Nutrient Solution Temperature and the Application of Stress Treatments Increase Potato Mini-tubers Production in an Aeroponic System

Author:
Hesham Oraby; André Lachance; Yves Desjardins
Source:
American journal of potato research 2015 v.92 no.3 pp. 387-397
ISSN:
1099-209X
Subject:
adverse effects; aeroponics; branches; cooling; crop yield; cultivars; nitrogen; nutrient solutions; pH; plant growth; potatoes; root zone temperature; wilting
Abstract:
... This study was conducted to test the impact of the nutrient solution temperature and the application of different stress treatments at tuberization on several growth variables for two potato cultivars grown in an aeroponic system. At 25 days after transplanting, low pH level, wilting stress and nitrogen withdrawal under warm (24 °C) and cool (18 °C) root-zone temperatures were applied to potato pl ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12230-015-9444-x

40. A Mathematical Model of Phloem Sucrose Transport as a New Tool for Designing Rice Panicle Structure for High Grain Yield

Author:
Motohide Seki; François Gabriel Feugier; Xian-Jun Song; Motoyuki Ashikari; Haruka Nakamura; Keiki Ishiyama; Tomoyuki Yamaya; Mayuko Inari-Ikeda; Hidemi Kitano; Akiko Satake
Source:
Plant & cell physiology 2015 v.56 no.4 pp. 605-619
ISSN:
0032-0781
Subject:
Oryza sativa; branches; carbon; food crops; genes; grain yield; grains; ideotypes; inflorescences; mechanistic models; phloem; quantitative trait loci; simulation models; sucrose
Abstract:
... Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the most important food crops in the world. Numerous quantitative trait loci or genes controlling panicle architecture have been identified to increase grain yield. Yet grain yield, defined as the product of the number of well-ripened grains and their weight, is a complex trait that is determined by multiple factors such as source, sink and translocation capacity. Mec ...
DOI:
10.1093/pcp/pcu191

41. A Method for Determining Water Transport in Trees

Author:
C. R. Daum
Source:
Ecology 1967 v.48 no.3 pp. 425-431
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
bark; branches; energy; heat transfer; leaves; rain; thermocouples; transpiration; tree trunk; trees; xylem
Abstract:
... A new form of heat—flow analysis was developed to measure water transport in tree trunks. The application of the energy budget required the installation of heat—flow plates and thermocouples under the bark to measure the natural heat exchange between the water—conducting layer of xylem and the adjacent parts of the tree. The equipment was installed on two large branches of an ash tree and on the m ...
DOI:
10.2307/1932677

42. A Method for Validating the Structural Completeness of Understory Vegetation Models Captured with 3D Remote Sensing

Author:
Samuel Hillman; Luke Wallace; Karin Reinke; Bryan Hally; Simon Jones; Daisy S. Saldias
Source:
Remote Sensing 2019 v.11 no.18 pp. -
ISSN:
2072-4292
Subject:
bark; branches; canopy; data collection; fire behavior; forest ecosystems; forests; fuels (fire ecology); leaves; models; remote sensing; surface area; understory; wildfires; wildlife habitats
Abstract:
... Characteristics describing below canopy vegetation are important for a range of forest ecosystem applications including wildlife habitat, fuel hazard and fire behaviour modelling, understanding forest recovery after disturbance and competition dynamics. Such applications all rely on accurate measures of vegetation structure. Inherent in this is the assumption or ability to demonstrate measurement ...
DOI:
10.3390/rs11182118

43. A Model of Competition Incorporating Plasticity through Modular Foliage and Crown Development

Author:
Kristin A. Sorrensen-Cothern; E. David Ford; Douglas G. Sprugel
Source:
Ecological monographs 1993 v.63 no.3 pp. 277-304
ISSN:
0012-9615
Subject:
Abies amabilis; branches; canopy; leaves; models; plant growth; seedlings; tree crown; trees
Abstract:
... The model of competition for light presented here uses modular autonomy to incorporate plasticity in plant growth under competition. Once plants are characterized as composed of modules, then model structure for competition changes in a fundamental way. Interactions between the plant module and its local resource environment must be modeled rather than the traditionally viewed interactions between ...
DOI:
10.2307/2937102

44. A Modular System of 3D Printed Emergence Traps for Studying the Biology of Shot Hole Borers and Other Scolytinae

Author:
Daniel Berry; Roger D. Selby; Joan C. Horvath; Rich H. Cameron; Diego Porqueras; Richard Stouthamer
Source:
Journal of economic entomology 2016 v.109 no.2 pp. 969-972
ISSN:
0022-0493
Subject:
Scolytidae; branches; emergence traps; frass; printers; progeny; sawdust; students; three-dimensional printing; trees
Abstract:
... A modular system for studying the biology of Scolytinae using 3D printed emergence traps is presented. This system consists of traps that can be used for the introduction of beetles into trees as well as for the determination of the number of offspring emerging from trees and branches, and their production of frass and sawdust. Open-source files used for printing these traps have been deposited as ...
DOI:
10.1093/jee/tov407

45. A Molecular Phylogeny of the Species-Rich Neotropical Genus Anthurium (Araceae) Based on Combined Chloroplast and Nuclear DNA

Author:
Carlsen Mónica M.; Croat Thomas B.
Source:
Systematic botany 2013 v.38 no.3 pp. 576-588
ISSN:
0363-6445
Subject:
Anthurium; tropical forests; plant taxonomy; data collection; tropics; nuclear genome; monophyly; intergenic DNA; species diversity; branches; introns; chloroplasts; Argentina; Mexico
Abstract:
... Anthurium is a strictly Neotropical genus of Araceae ranging from southern Mexico to northern Argentina, including approximately 900 accepted species names. Despite its immense diversity, its ecological importance in Neotropical forests, and a long history of botanical collection, cultivation, and taxonomical research, Anthurium has been only cursorily sampled in previous molecular phytogenies. Th ...
DOI:
10.1600/036364413X670287

46. A Multi-Branch Feature Fusion Strategy Based on an Attention Mechanism for Remote Sensing Image Scene Classification

Author:
Cuiping Shi; Xin Zhao; Liguo Wang
Source:
Remote Sensing 2021 v.13 no.10 pp. -
ISSN:
2072-4292
Subject:
branches; branching; computer vision; exhibitions; extracts; image analysis; neural networks; problem solving; remote sensing; weight
Abstract:
... In recent years, with the rapid development of computer vision, increasing attention has been paid to remote sensing image scene classification. To improve the classification performance, many studies have increased the depth of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and expanded the width of the network to extract more deep features, thereby increasing the complexity of the model. To solve this pro ...
DOI:
10.3390/rs13101950

47. A Multi-scale Approach for Delineating Individual Tree Crowns with Very High Resolution Imagery

Author:
Le Wang
Source:
Photogrammetric engineering and remote sensing 2010 v.76 no.4 pp. 371-378
ISSN:
0099-1112
Subject:
branches; evolution; radiometry; remote sensing; surveys; tree crown; trees; watersheds; wavelet; California
Abstract:
...

This paper presents a multi-scale approach for delineating individual tree crowns (ITC) from high spatial resolution imagery. By analyzing the evolution of image gradients over the scale-space constructed with orthogonal wavelets, tree crown boundaries are effectively strengthened while the textures resulted from tree branches and twigs are largely suppressed. Two scale consistency checks, a ...

DOI:
10.14358/PERS.76.4.371

48. A New 5(6→7)abeo-sterol from the twigs of Podocarpus fleuryi

Author:
Juan Liu; Caiqiong Yang; Junjie Zhang; Jichun Wu; Yegao Chen
Source:
Natural product research 2017 v.31 no.2 pp. 175-180
ISSN:
1478-6427
Subject:
Podocarpus; branches; cytotoxicity; humans; neoplasm cells; spectroscopy
Abstract:
... A new 5(6→7)abeo-sterol with rarely reported [6–5-6–5]-fused rings, 3 β ,5 β ,6-trihydroxyl- B -norsitostane (1), along with 10 known compounds were isolated from the twigs of Podocarpus fleuryi . Their structures were elucidated by means of extensive spectroscopic analysis. Compound 1 was assessed for their cytotoxicity against five human tumour cell lines (HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, MCF-7 and SW-4 ...
DOI:
10.1080/14786419.2016.1224870

49. A New Agro-technology for Increasing Oil Yield and Yield Contributing Characters of Menthol Mint (Mentha arvensis L.)

Author:
R.K. Upadhyay; J.R. Bahl; D.D. Patra; S.K. Tewari
Source:
Journal of essential oil-bearing plants 2015 v.18 no.4 pp. 785-790
ISSN:
0976-5026
Subject:
Mentha arvensis; branches; cutting; leaves; lipid content; menthol; mint; oils; on-farm research; India
Abstract:
... A pot experiment were conducted at the research farm of Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant, Research Centre, Pantnagar (Udham Singh Nagar) Uttarakhand, India, during 2013 to ascertain the response of nipping (cutting of apical portion in each branch of mint) on yield and yield contributing characters of mint (Mentha arvensis). The results revealed that, nipping of mint (Mentha arven ...
DOI:
10.1080/0972060X.2014.884943

50. A New Aristolactam Alkaloid from Michelia compressa var. compressa

Author:
C. L. Lin; C. L. Kao; W. J. Li; H. T. Li; C. Y. Chen
Source:
Chemistry of natural compounds 2018 v.54 no.4 pp. 732-734
ISSN:
0009-3130
Subject:
Michelia; alkaloids; branches; chemistry; leaves
Abstract:
... A new aristolactam alkaloid was isolated from twigs and leaves of Michelia compressa var. compressa (Magnoliaceae). The structure of the new aristolactam alkaloid was elucidated by chemical and physical evidence. ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10600-018-2457-1

51. A New Bernardia (Euphorbiaceae) with Stellate Trichomes from the Brazilian Cerrado

Author:
Juan F. Carrión; Inês Cordeiro; André M. Amorim
Source:
Systematic botany 2019 v.44 no.4 pp. 826-831
ISSN:
0363-6445
Subject:
Euphorbiaceae; bracts; branches; calyx; cerrado; conservation status; leaf blade; new species; photographs; plant taxonomy; scientific illustration; taxon descriptions; taxonomic keys; trichomes; Brazil
Abstract:
... A new species of Bernardia with stellate trichomes from the Brazilian Cerrado is described and illustrated. Bernardia allemii is most similar to B. gardneri, but differs by its multi-stemmed, subshrub habit, broader leaf blades, tomentose old branches, staminate bracteoles that are usually reniform to flabellate, and larger sepals and bracts in the pistillate flowers. Photographs, a distribution m ...
DOI:
10.1600/036364419X15710776741431

52. A New Canker Disease of Crabapple Trees Caused by Phacidiopycnis washingtonensis in Washington State

Author:
C. L. Xiao; Y. K. Kim; R. J. Boal
Source:
Plant health progress 2009 v.10 no.1 pp. -
ISSN:
1535-1025
Subject:
Malus; Phacidiopycnis; apples; branches; dieback; fungi; inoculum; trees; Washington (state)
Abstract:
... This is the first report of this fungus causing cankers and twig dieback on crabapple trees. Our findings indicate that canker symptoms on crabapple trees caused by P. washingtonensis are similar to those caused by S. pyriputrescens and that infected crabapple trees may serve as a source of P. washington ensis inoculum for infection of apple. ...
DOI:
10.1094/PHP-2009-0612-01-BR

53. A New Diarylheptanoid from the Twigs of Quercus Acutissima and their Neuroprotective Activity

Author:
Joon Min Cha; Lalita Subedi; Zahra Khan; Sun Yeou Kim; Kang Ro Lee
Source:
Chemistry of natural compounds 2020 v.56 no.2 pp. 213-216
ISSN:
0009-3130
Subject:
Quercus acutissima; acid hydrolysis; branches; carbon; glycosides; neuroprotective effect; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; secretion; spectral analysis; stable isotopes
Abstract:
... A new diarylheptanoid glycoside, acutissioside A (4), along with five known diarylheptanoids (1–3, 5, 6) was isolated from the twigs of Quercus acutissima Carruth. The structure of the new compound was determined via spectral analysis, including NMR spectra (¹H and ¹³C NMR, ¹H–¹H COSY, HSQC, HMBC) and HR-ESI-MS, acid hydrolysis, and specific optical rotation data. The neuroprotective effect of all ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10600-020-02990-8

54. A New Flavone Glycoside from Twigs and Leaves of Juniperus sabina

Author:
Jun Zhao; Fang Xu; Tengfei Ji; Chenyang Li
Source:
Chemistry of natural compounds 2015 v.51 no.3 pp. 448-450
ISSN:
0009-3130
Subject:
Juniperus sabina; branches; chemistry; electrospray ionization mass spectrometry; glycosides; leaves; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Abstract:
... The structure of a new flavone glycoside isolated from twigs and leaves of Juniperus sabina was established as isoscutellarein 7-O-β-D-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)-α-L-xylopyranoside by spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D (¹H–¹H COSY, HSQC, and HMBC) NMR and ESI-MS. ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10600-015-1312-x

55. A New Furan-Coumarin from Clausena lansium

Author:
Wenwen Peng; Lixia Zheng; Guanghua Huo
Source:
Chemistry of natural compounds 2019 v.55 no.3 pp. 440-442
ISSN:
0009-3130
Subject:
Clausena lansium; branches; chemistry; coumarin; leaves; mass spectrometry; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; spectral analysis
Abstract:
... A new furan-coumarin, claulancoumarin (1), together with a known coumarin, clausenalansimin A (2), were isolated from the branches and leaves of Clausena lansium. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis, including high-resolution mass spectroscopy, and IR, UV, and 1D and 2D NMR techniques. ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10600-019-02709-4

56. A New Lactone from the Twigs of Cinnamomum cassia

Author:
Zhenlin Li; Zhichen Cai; Shihui Qian; Minghua Chen
Source:
Chemistry of natural compounds 2017 v.53 no.2 pp. 234-236
ISSN:
0009-3130
Subject:
Cinnamomum aromaticum; branches; chemistry; circular dichroism spectroscopy; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Abstract:
... A new lactone, 5R-methyl-3-heptatriacontyl-2(5H)-furanone (1), was isolated from the twigs of Cinnamomum cassia. The structure of the new compound was established on the basis of high-resolution MS, 1D and 2D NMR data. The absolute configuration was determined by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) analysis. ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10600-017-1960-0

57. A New Limonoid fromTrichilia connaroides

Author:
Zhao-Liang Geng; Xin Fang; Ying-Tong Di; Qiang Zhang; Yue-Mao Shen; Xiao-Jiang Hao
Source:
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung 2014 v.65 no.6 pp. 762-764
ISSN:
0932-0776
Subject:
Trichilia; branches; electrospray ionization mass spectrometry; leaf extracts; leaves; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; spectral analysis
Abstract:
... A new limonoid, trichiliton B (1), was isolated from the twigs and leaves of Trichilia connaroides. Its structure was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses, including application of ESI-MS, HR-ESI-MS, UV, IR, 1D and 2D NMR techniques ...
DOI:
10.1515/znb-2010-0613

58. A New Quantitative Approach to Tree Attributes Estimation Based on LiDAR Point Clouds

Author:
Guangpeng Fan; Liangliang Nan; Feixiang Chen; Yanqi Dong; Zhiming Wang; Hao Li; Danyu Chen
Source:
Remote Sensing 2020 v.12 no.11 pp. -
ISSN:
2072-4292
Subject:
aboveground biomass; branches; carbon sinks; data collection; forests; lidar; models; quantitative analysis; remote sensing; surveys; tree and stand measurements; tree height; trees; wood
Abstract:
... Tree-level information can be estimated based on light detection and ranging (LiDAR) point clouds. We propose to develop a quantitative structural model based on terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) point clouds to automatically and accurately estimate tree attributes and to detect real trees for the first time. This model is suitable for forest research where branches are involved in the calculation. ...
DOI:
10.3390/rs12111779

59. A New Species and Lectotypification in Ruellia (Acanthaceae) from the Southeastern Atlantic Forest, Brazil

Author:
Denise Monte Braz; Igor Henrique Freitas Azevedo; Erin A. Tripp
Source:
Systematic botany 2020 v.45 no.2 pp. 334-339
ISSN:
0363-6445
Subject:
Ruellia; branches; calyx; forests; geographical distribution; herbaria; leaves; lectotypes; new species; phenology; plant taxonomy; scientific illustration; taxon descriptions; threatened species; trichomes; Brazil
Abstract:
... Ruellia capotyra is described as a new species of Acanthaceae from the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, occurring in the states of Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais. This species was discovered during fieldwork in a natural forested area, and further details regarding its ecology and broader geographical distribution were clarified through the study of existing herbarium collections. Ruellia capotyra is a ...
DOI:
10.1600/036364420X15862837791140

60. A New Species and New Combinations of Neotropical Cinnamomum

Author:
Henk van der Werff
Source:
Novon 2019 v.27 no.2 pp. 137-139
ISSN:
1055-3177
Subject:
Cinnamomum; Neotropics; biological nomenclature; branches; coasts; new combination; new species; petioles; plant taxonomy; stamens; Ecuador
Abstract:
... A new species of Cinnamomum Schaeff. from the Pacific coast of Ecuador is described and discussed. Cinnamomum latifolium van der Werff is distinctive for its broad triplinerved leaves with canaliculate petioles, densely pubescent young twigs, and 2-locular inner stamens. In addition, six species recently described in Aiouea Aubl. should, in this author's opinion, be placed within Cinnamomum. The n ...
DOI:
10.3417/2019346

61. A New Species and a New Variety of Stipa (Poaceae) from Tibet, China

Author:
Zhao Li-Qing; Guo Ke
Source:
Annales botanici Fennici 2017 v.54 no.1–3 pp. 49-53
ISSN:
0003-3847
Subject:
Stipa; branches; inflorescences; leaves; new species; new variety; plant taxonomy; scientific illustration; taxon descriptions; China
Abstract:
... Stipa zhadaensis L.Q. Zhao & K. Guo sp. nova and S. turkestanica Hack. var. diyaensis L.Q. Zhao & K. Guo var. nov. (Poaceae) from Tibet, China, are described and illustrated. Stipa zhadaensis appears to be most closely related to S. roborowskyi of Stipa sect. Barbatae. It can be distinguished by the lax panicle with inclined branches exserted from uppermost leaf sheath at maturity, 20–28 mm long g ...
DOI:
10.5735/085.054.0309

62. A New Species of Amygdalus (Rosaceae) from Iran

Author:
Attar Farideh; Maroofi Hosein; Vafadar Mahnaz
Source:
Novon 2014 v.23 no.1 pp. 1-4
ISSN:
1055-3177
Subject:
Prunus; branches; calyx; hypanthium; new species; petioles; scientific illustration; stone fruits; sympatry; taxon descriptions; Iran
Abstract:
... Amygdalus ghahremanii Maroofi, Attar & Vafadar, a new shrubby species of the genus Amygdalus L. (Rosaceae) from Iran, is described and illustrated. This new species was collected from Kurdistan Province in western Iran. The closest relative to A. ghahremanii is A. korshinskyi (Hand.-Mazz.) Bornm., which also occurs as a more or less widespread species in western and northwestern Iran and is a symp ...
DOI:
10.3417/2009112

63. A New Species of Baryscapus (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) Parasitizing Pupae and Larvae of Two Dioryctria Species (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Author:
Li-Wen Song; Liang-Ming Cao; Xing-Peng Li; Zhong-Qi Yang; Yue-Qu Chen
Source:
Annals of the Entomological Society of America 2017 v.110 no.3 pp. 286-293
ISSN:
0013-8746
Subject:
Baryscapus; Dioryctria abietella; Pinus koraiensis; adults; biological control agents; branches; females; forest trees; hosts; insect larvae; males; new species; parasitism; parasitoids; photographs; pupae; scientific illustration; seeds; taxon descriptions; China
Abstract:
... Baryscapus dioryctriae Yang & Song sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), a gregarious pupal and larval endo-parasitoid of Dioryctria pryeri Ragonot and Dioryctria abietella Denis & Schiffermüller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is described and illustrated. The hosts are serious pests of the cones, seeds, and twigs of Pinus koraiensis Sieb. & Zucc., a predominant forest tree species in the northeastern Chi ...
DOI:
10.1093/aesa/saw099

64. A New Species of Maytenus (Celastraceae) from Bahia, Brazil, and Neotypification of Maytenus boaria

Author:
Biral Leonardo; Lombardi Julio Antonio
Source:
Harvard papers in botany 2013 v.18 pp. 129-132
ISSN:
1043-4534
Subject:
Maytenus boaria; branches; dunes; flowers; leaves; new species; plant morphology; plant taxonomy; sandy soils; Brazil
Abstract:
... A new species of Maytenus is described and illustrated. Maytenus psammopliila is apparently endemic to the state of Bahia, where it grows in the sandy soils of dunes in ‘caatinga’ physiognomy. This species is recognized by its cylindrical or slightly flattened young twigs with lenticels, small ovate coriaceous leaves and inflorescences, reduced cymes with short pedicellate flowers. It resembles M. ...
DOI:
10.3100/025.018.0205

65. A New Species of Miconia (Melastomataceae) from the Atlantic Forest of Brazil

Author:
Caddah Mayara Krasinski; Goldenberg Renato
Source:
Systematic botany 2012 v.37 no.4 pp. 974-977
ISSN:
0363-6445
Subject:
Miconia; branches; calyx; forests; leaves; mountains; new species; plant ovary; plant taxonomy; trichomes; Brazil
Abstract:
... During the preparation of a monographic treatment for a group of Miconia from the Atlantic Forest, Brazil, a new species was detected and is presented here. Miconia ruschiana can be recognized among other species of Miconia sect. Glossocentrum by the terete branches, shortly plinerved leaves abaxially covered by non-lepidote stellate trichomes, panicles with glomerulate ending branches, large flow ...
DOI:
10.1600/036364412X656590

66. A New Species of Microlicia (Melastomataceae) with Bright Golden Cuticle from Chapada dos Veadeiros, Goiás (Central Brazil)

Author:
Rosana Romero; Ana Flávia Alves Versiane; Jean Correa Fontelas; Danielle de Oliveira Diniz Neres; Orlando Cavalari de Paula
Source:
Systematic botany 2017 v.42 no.3 pp. 562-568
ISSN:
0363-6445
Subject:
Melastomataceae; branches; calyx; hypanthium; internodes; leaves; microscopy; new species; plant taxonomy; scientific illustration; stamens; taxon descriptions; trichomes; Brazil
Abstract:
... A new species of Microlicia (Melastomataceae) from Goiás state is described and illustrated, and a discussion on leaf microscopy is also provided. Microlicia chrysoglandulosa sp. nov. resembles M. martiana, M. psammophila, and M. tenuifolia by the slender and fastigiate branches, triangular sepals, and stamens with tetrasporangiate thecae. However, it differs by the remarkable indumentum of spheri ...

67. A New Species of Moquiniastrum (Asteraceae: Gochnatieae) for Brazil and Comments about the Genus

Author:
Nádia Roque; Rogério N. Ribeiro; Aristônio M. Teles
Source:
Systematic botany 2019 v.44 no.2 pp. 433-438
ISSN:
0363-6445
Subject:
Asteraceae; blades; bracts; branches; conservation status; florets; leaves; monoecy; national parks; new species; plant taxonomy; reproductive system; Brazil
Abstract:
... Moquiniastrum glabrum is here described as a new species of Tribe Gochnatieae from the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park, Goiás, Brazil. The new species is recognized by having a monoecious reproductive system, glabrous branches and leaf blades, 9–11-seriate involucral bracts, and 30–35 florets per capitulum, all of which are bisexual. Illustrations, comments, a preliminary conservation status, ...
DOI:
10.1600/036364419X15562052252108

68. A New Species of Photuris Dejean (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) from a Mississippi Cypress Swamp, with Notes on its Behavior

Author:
Lynn Frierson Faust; Jeff Davis
Source:
Coleopterists' bulletin 2019 v.73 no.1 pp. 97-113
ISSN:
0010-065X
Subject:
Photuris; branches; courtship; flight; heat sums; males; new species; swamp plants; swamps; Indiana; Mississippi; Tennessee
Abstract:
... Photuris walldoxeyi Faust, new species, is described as a member of the Photuris versicolor species-group. It can be distinguished by its complex, unique flash-train + glow (FT+G) male courtship flash pattern, one of the most easily recognizable displays in North America. The primary FT+G male courtship pattern consists of a flash-train of 4–9 bright, quick, rhythmic pulses given every 0.4 seconds ...
DOI:
10.1649/0010-065X-73.1.97

69. A New Species of Phyllanthus (Phyllanthaceae) Endemic to Amazonas State, Brazil

Author:
Secco Ricardo de S.; Rosário Alessandro S. do
Source:
Novon 2015 v.24 no.2 pp. 209-211
ISSN:
1055-3177
Subject:
Phyllanthus; branches; calyx; leaves; new species; scientific illustration; stamens; taxon descriptions; Amazonia; Brazil
Abstract:
... A new species of Phyllanthus L., P. aracaensis G. L. Webster ex Secco & A. Rosário (Phyllanthaceae), probably endemic to Amazonas State, is described and illustrated. In terms of its habit and overall appearance it is superficially close to P. myrsinites Kunth, a species with variable leaf morphology, which is widely distributed throughout the Amazon region. The new species may be distinguished fr ...
DOI:
10.3417/2013025

70. A New Study on Characterization and Properties of Natural Fibers Obtained from Olive Tree (Olea europaea L.) Residues

Author:
Basheer A. Alshammari; Majed D. Alotaibi; Othman Y. Alothman; M. R. Sanjay; Lau Kia Kian; Zeyad Almutairi; Mohammad Jawaid
Source:
Journal of polymers and the environment 2019 v.27 no.11 pp. 2334-2340
ISSN:
1566-2543
Subject:
Olea europaea; branches; crystal structure; equipment; leaves; natural fibers; natural resources; olives; polymers; thermal analysis; thermal stability
Abstract:
... Nowadays, fibers extracted from natural resources have a wide range of promising applications, including the prospect to be used as reinforcing material in polymer composites. In this context, the purpose of this study has been to extract fibers from different parts of the olive tree (leaves, small and large branches) and characterize their physico-chemical, thermal, and morphological properties u ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10924-019-01526-8

71. A New Tetranortriterpenoid from Dysoxylum lenticellatum

Author:
Shu-Hua Qi; Da-Gang Wub; Si Zhang; Xiao-Dong Luo
Source:
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung 2014 v.58 no.11 pp. 1128-1132
ISSN:
0932-0776
Subject:
Dysoxylum; Pieris brassicae; antifeeding activity; branches; ceramides; screening; spectral analysis; terpenoids
Abstract:
... A new tetranortriterpenoid, named lenticellatumin (1), three known terpenoids, dysoxylumin C (2), eichlerianic acid (3) and dysoxylumin F (4), together with three ceramides, 1-O-β -D-glucopyranosyl-(2S,3S,4R,8Z)-2-N-(2’-hydroxytetracosanoyl) octadecasphinga-8-ene (5), (2S,3S,4R,8E)-2- N-(2’-hydroxytetracosanoyl) octadecasphinga-8-ene (6), (2S,3R,4E)-2-N-(2’-hydroxytetracosanoyl) octadecasphinga-4- ...
DOI:
10.1515/znb-2003-1116

72. A New View of Sooty Blotch and Flyspeck

Author:
Gleason, Mark L.; Batzer, Jean C.; Sun, Guangyu; Zhang, Rong; Díaz Arias, Maria M.; Sutton, Turner B.; Crous, Pedro W.; Ivanović, Milan; McManus, Patricia S.; Cooley, Daniel R.; Mayr, Ulrich; Weber, Roland W.S.; Yoder, Keith S.; Ponte, Emerson M. del; Biggs, Alan R.; Oertel, Bernhard
Source:
Plant disease 2011 v.95 no.4 pp. 368-383
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
apples; bananas; biogeography; branches; fresh market; fruit crops; fungi; genetic variation; growers; growing season; leaves; pears; persimmons; trees; vines; wild plants
Abstract:
... Sooty blotch and flyspeck (SBFS) fungi colonize the surface wax layer of the fruit of apple, pear, persimmon, banana, orange, papaya, and several other cultivated tree and vine crops. In addition to colonizing cultivated fruit crops, SBFS fungi also grow on the surfaces of stems, twigs, leaves, and fruit of a wide range of wild plants. The disease occurs worldwide in regions with moist growing sea ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-08-10-0590

73. A New and Unusual Species of Tibouchina (Melastomataceae) Occurring in Caatinga Vegetation in Bahia, Brazil

Author:
Freitas Juliana G.; Santos Andrea Karla A.; Guimarães Paulo José F.; Oliveira Reyjane P.
Source:
Systematic botany 2013 v.38 no.2 pp. 418-423
ISSN:
0363-6445
Subject:
sympatry; vegetation types; anthers; branches; corolla; plant taxonomy; trichomes; color; appendages; new species; Tibouchina; leaves; Brazil
Abstract:
... Tibouchina caatingae, a new species of Melastomataceae (Melastomeae), is herein described and illustrated. This species has been collected only in areas covered by caatinga vegetation in Bahia State, Brazil, and is one of the few species of the family registered for this type of vegetation. Due to the type of habit, organization of leaves on the branches, and color of the petals, it is morphologic ...
DOI:
10.1600/036364413X666741

74. A Novel Phenylethanoid Dimer and Flavonoids from Jacaranda mimosaefolia

Author:
Fatma A. Moharram; Mohamed S. A. Marzouk
Source:
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung 2014 v.62 no.9 pp. 1213-1220
ISSN:
0932-0776
Subject:
Jacaranda mimosifolia; apigenin; branches; isoquercitrin; leaves; luteolin; metabolites; methanol; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; spectral analysis
Abstract:
... A novel phenylethanoid dimer, namely, jacraninoside A (1) and the five known constituents E/Z-acetoside (2), isoacetoside (3), cistanoside E (4), 6 '-acetylacetoside (5), and campneoside I (6) together with the seven flavonoids isoquercitrin (7), scutellarein 7-O-β -D-glucuronopyranoside methyl ester (8), apigenin 7-O-β -D-galacturonopyranoside (9), luteolin 7-O-β -D-glucuronopyranoside methyl est ...
DOI:
10.1515/znb-2007-0918

75. A Novel Pheromone Dispenser for Mating Disruption of the Leafminer Phyllocnistis citrella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)

Author:
Lapointe, Stephen L.; Stelinski, Lukasz L.; Robinson, Richard D.
Source:
Journal of economic entomology 2011 v.104 no.2 pp. 540-547
ISSN:
0022-0493
Subject:
Citrus; Phyllocnistis citrella; branches; leafminers; manufacturing; mating disruption; packaging; sex pheromones; trees; Florida
Abstract:
... The sex pheromone of the leafminer Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) was deployed in a Florida citrus (Citrus spp.) grove by using a novel deployment device (IFM-413) containing SPLAT, a flowable formulation of an emulsified wax compound designed to provide slow release of semiochemicals. The device consisted of two disks connected by string. Each disk was loaded with 1 ...
DOI:
10.1603/EC10267
PubMed:
21510202

76. A Primitive Trait in Two Breeds of Equus Caballus Revealed by Comparative Anatomy of the Distal Limb

Author:
Sharon May-Davis; Zefanja Vermeulen; Wendy Y. Brown
Source:
Animals 2019 v.9 no.6 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
Equus; branches; breeds; history; horses; metacarpus; muscles; phylogeny
Abstract:
... The 55-million-year history of equine phylogeny has been well-documented from the skeletal record; however, this is less true for the soft tissue structures that are now vestigial in modern horse. A recent study reported that two ligamentous structures resembling functional interosseous muscle II and IV were evident in Dutch Konik horses. The current study investigates this finding and compares it ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani9060355
PubMed:
31197123
PubMed Central:
PMC6617308

77. A Quantitative Study of the Foraging Ecology of Downy Woodpeckers

Author:
Jerome A. Jackson
Source:
Ecology 1970 v.51 no.2 pp. 318-323
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Dendrocopos; Ulmus americana; branches; dead wood; females; forage; foraging; males; natural history; niches; seasonal variation; trees; winter; woodpeckers; Kansas
Abstract:
... Studies of the foraging ecology of Downy Woodpeckers (Dendrocopos pubescens) at the University of Kansas Natural History Reservation indicate that there is intersexual partitioning of the foraging niche, seasonal variation in the relative frequency of the modes of foraging, variation in the mode of foraging on live versus dead trees, and seasonal variation in the use of live and dead trees. Partit ...
DOI:
10.2307/1933671

78. A Rare SNP Identified a TCP Transcription Factor Essential for Tendril Development in Cucumber

Author:
Shenhao Wang; Xueyong Yang; Mengnan Xu; Xingzhong Lin; Tao Lin; Jianjian Qi; Guangjin Shao; Nana Tian; Qing Yang; Zhonghua Zhang; Sanwen Huang
Source:
Molecular plant 2015 v.8 no.12 pp. 1795-1808
ISSN:
1674-2052
Subject:
Cucumis sativus; branches; cucumbers; genes; genetic variation; genome-wide association study; phenotype; single nucleotide polymorphism; transactivators; transcription (genetics); transcriptome
Abstract:
... Rare genetic variants are abundant in genomes but less tractable in genome-wide association study. Here we exploit a strategy of rare variation mapping to discover a gene essential for tendril development in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). In a collection of >3000 lines, we discovered a unique tendril-less line that forms branches instead of tendrils and, therefore, loses its climbing ability. We h ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.molp.2015.10.005

79. A Refuge for Red Scale Under Control by Aphytis: Structural Aspects

Author:
William W. Murdoch; Robert F. Luck; Sandra J. Walde; John D. Reeve; Dicky S. Yu
Source:
Ecology 1989 v.70 no.6 pp. 1707-1714
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Aphytis melinus; Encarsia; adults; bark; branches; field experimentation; grapefruits; instars; lemons; orchards; parasitism; parasitoids; trees; California
Abstract:
... Red scale populations in eight grapefruit trees in a grove in southern California were sampled over 18 mo. We established that the interior of the trees was an area of partial refugee from parasitism by the major control agent, the parasitoid Aphytis melinus, and also by Encarsia, which was the second major parasitoid in the system. The refuge (interior) population contained > 75% of the scale and ...
DOI:
10.2307/1938105

80. A Refuge for Red Scale: The Role of Size‐Selectivity by a Parasitoid Wasp

Author:
Sandra J. Walde; Robert F. Luck; Dicky Sicki You; William W. Murdoch
Source:
Ecology 1989 v.70 no.6 pp. 1700-1706
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Aonidiella aurantii; Aphytis melinus; Citrus; branches; hosts; laboratory experimentation; leaves; mortality; parasitic wasps; parasitism; trees
Abstract:
... The presence of a physical refuge (an area where mortality due to parasitism is very low) has been demonstrated for California red scale, a pest of citrus. Density of red scale is very high, and parasitism by the principal parasitoid wasp, Aphytis melinus DeBach, is low on the trunk and woody branches of citrus trees as compared with the exterior twigs and leaves. One possible explanation for the ...
DOI:
10.2307/1938104

81. A Remarkable New Species of Microlicia (Melastomataceae) including an Identification Key to Species of the Genus from the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park, Goiás, Brazil

Author:
Danielle de Oliveira Diniz-Neres; Marcos José da Silva
Source:
Systematic botany 2017 v.42 no.3 pp. 554-561
ISSN:
0363-6445
Subject:
Melastomataceae; branches; conservation status; cortex; ecology; flowers; leaves; national parks; new species; plant taxonomy; scientific illustration; stamens; taxon descriptions; taxonomic keys; Brazil
Abstract:
... Microlicia stenodonoides is herein described and illustrated. It is distinguished from other Microlicia species by its remarkable dwarf arboreal habit, main stem 5–10 cm in diameter with leaf scars, leaves up to 4.5 cm long, grouped in the apex of terminal branches, and large flowers (up to 4 cm in diameter). The set of characters presented by M. stenodonoides is similar to that of species of the ...

82. A Revision of the American Species of the Genus Crateva (Capparaceae)

Author:
Cornejo Xavier; Iltis Hugh H.
Source:
Harvard papers in botany 2008 v.13 no.1 pp. 121-135
ISSN:
1043-4534
Subject:
Cleome hassleriana; Crateva; branches; calyx; common names; fruits; lakes; new species; plant ovary; plant taxonomy; rain forests; taxonomic keys; trichomes; Argentina; Caribbean; Cuba; Dominican Republic; Mexico; Peru
Abstract:
... A revision of the American species of the genus Crateva (Capparaceae) recognizes four species: (1) C. palmeri, a CentralAmerican species with short, stubby, pubescent inflorescences distinguished by the furfuraceous trichomes, leaflets sessile or with short petiolules to 4 mm, and short axis of infructescences, 1––6 cm. Unpublished isotypes, local names, and uses of C. palmeri are cited herein; (2 ...
DOI:
10.3100/1043-4534(2008)13[121:AROTAS]2.0.CO;2

83. A Role for Volatiles in Intra- and Inter-Plant Interactions in Birch

Author:
P. Sarai Girón-Calva; Tao Li; Tuuli-Marjaana Koski; Tero Klemola; Toni Laaksonen; Liisa Huttunen; James D. Blande
Source:
Journal of chemical ecology 2014 v.40 no.11-12 pp. 1203-1211
ISSN:
0098-0331
Subject:
Betula; aromatic compounds; branches; emissions; forests; greenhouse experimentation; herbaceous plants; leaves; terpenoids
Abstract:
... One of the first observations that plants might utilize cues released by damaged neighbors under natural conditions was made in birch forests in 1985. However, the mechanisms underlying the observations were not determined, and birch (Betula spp.) has been neglected as a study system for inter-plant interaction ever since. Volatiles released by vegetative plant parts in response to herbivore damag ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10886-014-0514-1
PubMed:
25352241

84. A SNP in OsMCA1 responding for a plant architecture defect by deactivation of bioactive GA in rice

Author:
Zhenwei Liu; Qin Cheng; Yunfang Sun; Huixia Dai; Gaoyuan Song; Zhibin Guo; Xuefeng Qu; Daiming Jiang; Chuan Liu; Wei Wang; Daichang Yang
Source:
Plant molecular biology 2015 v.87 no.1-2 pp. 17-30
ISSN:
0167-4412
Subject:
Oryza sativa; amino acids; bioactive properties; biomass; branches; crops; cultivars; gene expression regulation; genes; gibberellins; grain yield; internodes; leaves; membrane proteins; metabolism; molecular cloning; mutants; phenotype; plant architecture; plasma membrane; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; rice; seedlings; signal transduction; single nucleotide polymorphism
Abstract:
... Plant architecture directly affects biomass in higher plants, especially grain yields in agricultural crops. In this study, we characterized a recessive mutant, plant architecture determinant (pad), derived from the Oryza sativa ssp. indica cultivar MH86. The mutant exhibited severe dwarf phenotypes, including shorter and stunted leaves, fewer secondary branches during both the vegetative and repr ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11103-014-0257-y
PubMed:
25307286

85. A Scientific Note on Occurrence and Infestation of Jewel Beetle Belionota Prasina (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) on Cashew (Anacardium Occidentale)

Author:
Maruthadurai Ramasamy
Source:
National Academy science letters 2019 v.42 no.2 pp. 91-94
ISSN:
0250-541X
Subject:
Anacardium occidentale; Buprestidae; adults; boring insects; branches; color; host plants; insect larvae; pupae; trees; India
Abstract:
... The occurrence of Jewel beetle Belionota prasina (Thunberg, 1789) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) infestation on cashew from Goa, India was reported in this communication. Most of the infested trees were previously attacked by stem borers. Semi-circular D-shaped exit bore holes measuring 7–10 mm in length and 4–7 mm in width were found along the main trunk and branches. Adult beetles were dark greenish ...
DOI:
10.1007/s40009-018-0706-2

86. A Study of Eucalyptus Grandis and Eucalyptus Globulus Branch wood Microstructure

Author:
Russell Washusen; Robert Evans; Simon Southerton
Source:
IAWA journal v.26 no.2 pp. 203-210
ISSN:
0928-1541
Subject:
Eucalyptus globulus; Eucalyptus grandis; X-ray diffraction; branches; branchwood; cellulose; crystallites; microstructure; stemwood; tension wood
Abstract:
... Experimental measurements of cellulose crystallite width and microfibril angle (MFA) by X-ray diffractometry on SilviScan-2 and by conventional microtechniques revealed that the branch wood of the two species exhibited very similar trends in cellulose crystallite width and MFA. Cellulose crystallite width was greater on the upper side of the branches. Tension wood, as defined by the occurrence of ...
DOI:
10.1163/22941932-90000112

87. A Study of Variability, Associations, and Path Analysis in Poplar (Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh)

Author:
Ramesh Kumar Jha
Source:
Journal of sustainable forestry 2012 v.31 no.3 pp. 185-204
ISSN:
1540-756X
Subject:
Populus deltoides; branches; genetic improvement; genotype; heritability; juvenile wood; tree and stand measurements; tree trunk; yield components; India
Abstract:
... Forty-two genotypes were evaluated for juvenile wood yield and its components at three locations in Bihar, India. A significant difference was observed among the genotypes for all the characters under study. The highest value of genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation was observed in juvenile wood volume followed by diameter at breast height (DBH). Characters like plant height, clear bo ...
DOI:
10.1080/10549811.2011.541014

88. A Survey of Trunk Disease Pathogens within Citrus Trees in Iran

Author:
Nahid Espargham; Hamid Mohammadi; David Gramaje
Source:
Plants 2020 v.9 no.6 pp. -
ISSN:
2223-7747
Subject:
Cadophora; Citrus aurantiifolia; DNA; Fusarium; Glomerella cingulata; Lasiodiplodia theobromae; Neoscytalidium; Pestalotiopsis; Phaeoacremonium aleophilum; Phoma; actin; branches; dieback; fruit trees; fungal diseases of plants; genes; nucleotide sequences; peptide elongation factors; plant pathogenic fungi; shoots; surveys; tubulin; virulence; Iran
Abstract:
... Citrus trees with cankers and dieback symptoms were observed in Bushehr (Bushehr province, Iran). Isolations were made from diseased cankers and branches. Recovered fungal isolates were identified using cultural and morphological characteristics, as well as comparisons of DNA sequence data of the nuclear ribosomal DNA-internal transcribed spacer region, translation elongation factor 1α, β-tubulin, ...
DOI:
10.3390/plants9060754

89. A Test of Gas Exchange Measurements on Excised Canopy Branches of Ten Tropical Tree Species

Author:
L.S. Santiago; S.S. Mulkey
Source:
Photosynthetica 2003 v.41 no.3 pp. 343-347
ISSN:
0300-3604
Subject:
branches; canopy; carboxylation; electron transfer; excision; gas exchange; leaves; light intensity; photosynthesis; respiratory rate; trees
Abstract:
... We studied gas exchange of leaves on branches that had been cut and then re-cut under water to assess the utility of measuring gas exchange on leaves of excised canopy branches. There was large variation between species in their ability to photosynthesize following excision. Some species maintained up to 86.5% of intact photosynthetic rate 60 min after excision, whereas other species dropped below ...
DOI:
10.1023/B:PHOT.0000015457.92479.eb

90. A Very Sensitive Electric Dendrograph for Recording Radial Changes of a Tree

Author:
I. I. Impens; J. M. Schalck
Source:
Ecology 1965 v.46 no.1-2 pp. 183-184
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
branches; roots; transducers (equipment); tree trunk
Abstract:
... An instrument is described which measures radial changes of tree trunks, roots, or branches with an accuracy of about .0002 mm. The basic component consists of an electro—mechanical displacement transducer. Results of preliminary measurements are discussed. ...
DOI:
10.2307/1935269

91. A bottom-up approach to segment individual deciduous trees using leaf-off lidar point cloud data

Author:
Xingcheng Lu; Qinghua Guo; Wenkai Li; Jacob Flanagan
Source:
ISPRS journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing 2014 v.94 pp. 1-12
ISSN:
0924-2716
Subject:
algorithms; branches; coniferous forests; deciduous forests; lidar; streams; tree crown; trees; watersheds; Pennsylvania
Abstract:
... Light Detection and Ranging (Lidar) can generate three-dimensional (3D) point cloud which can be used to characterize horizontal and vertical forest structure, so it has become a popular tool for forest research. Recently, various methods based on top-down scheme have been developed to segment individual tree from lidar data. Some of these methods, such as the one developed by Li et al. (2012), ca ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2014.03.014

92. A branch bag and CO2 control system for long-term CO2 enrichment of mature Sitka spruce [Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.]

Author:
Barton, C.V.M.; Lee, H.S.J.; Jarvis, P.G.
Source:
Plant, cell and environment 1993 v.16 no.9 pp. 1139-1148
ISSN:
0140-7791
Subject:
Picea sitchensis; carbon dioxide; gas exchange; branches; research equipment; bags; polypropylenes; field experimentation; photosynthesis; leaf conductance; stomata; stomatal conductance
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-3040.1996.tb02072.x

93. A branch bag technique for simultaneous CO2 enrichment and assimilation measurements on beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)

Author:
Dufrene, E.; Pontailler, J.Y.; Saugier, B.
Source:
Plant, cell and environment 1993 v.16 no.9 pp. 1131-1138
ISSN:
0140-7791
Subject:
Fagus sylvatica; carbon dioxide; gas exchange; photosynthesis; transpiration; water use efficiency; branches; research equipment; bags; polypropylenes; field experimentation
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-3040.1996.tb02071.x

94. A branch scale analytical model for predicting the vegetation collection efficiency of ultrafine particles

Author:
M. Lin; G.G. Katul; A. Khlystov
Source:
Atmospheric environment 2012 v.51 no. pp. 293-302
ISSN:
1352-2310
Subject:
air quality; atmospheric chemistry; branches; canopy; climate models; drag coefficient; ecosystems; human health; leaf area; leaves; prediction; vegetation; wind speed; wind tunnels
Abstract:
... The removal of ultrafine particles (UFP) by vegetation is now receiving significant attention given their role in cloud physics, human health and respiratory related diseases. Vegetation is known to be a sink for UFP, prompting interest in their collection efficiency. A number of models have tackled the UFP collection efficiency of an isolated leaf or a flat surface; however, up-scaling these theo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.01.004
CHORUS:
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.01.004

95. A broad scale analysis of tree risk, mitigation and potential habitat for cavity-nesting birds

Author:
Brian Kane; Paige S. Warren; Susannah B. Lerman
Source:
Urban forestry & urban greening 2015 v.14 no.4 pp. 1137-1146
ISSN:
1618-8667
Subject:
birds; branches; cities; nests; risk; risk assessment; street trees; towns; wildlife habitats; Maryland
Abstract:
... Trees in towns and cities provide habitat for wildlife. In particular, cavity-nesting birds nest in the dead and decayed stems and branches of these trees. The same dead and decayed stems and branches also have a greater likelihood of failure, which, in some circumstances, increases risk. We examined 1760 trees in Baltimore, MD, USA and western MA, USA, assessing tree risk and, for a sub-sample, n ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ufug.2015.10.012

96. A canker disease of apple caused by Cytospora parasitica recorded in China

Author:
R. Ma; Y.‐M. Liu; Y.‐X. Yin; C.‐M. Tian
Source:
Forest pathology 2018 v.48 no.3 pp. e12416
ISSN:
1437-4781
Subject:
Cytospora; DNA; apples; branches; fungi; internal transcribed spacers; pathogens; protein subunits; pycnidia; ribosomal proteins; stem cankers; strains; transcription (genetics); transcriptional elongation factors; trees; China
Abstract:
... A stem canker disease of apple that differs from previously reported canker diseases has been recorded in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in China. Eight Cytospora strains obtained from diseased apple trees and inoculated onto healthy apple tree branches resulted in the development of the same disease symptoms. This pathogen formed conceptacles, which were multilocular pycnidia with common walls ...
DOI:
10.1111/efp.12416

97. A carbon budget model to predict branch carbohydrate deficiencies as a function of water stress and crop load in pistachio (Pistacia vera L.)

Author:
G. Marino; L. Ferguson; T. Caruso; A.\= Amico Roxas; F. P. Marra
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2018 v. no.1229 pp. 183-188
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
Pistacia vera; alternate bearing; altitude; branches; carbohydrates; carbon dioxide fixation; females; flowering; fruits; global carbon budget; irrigation; leaf area; leaves; models; orchards; photosynthesis; pistachios; ripening; trees; water stress; Sicily
Abstract:
... The effect of irrigation and crop load on alternate bearing was studied in pistachio tree using a “branch carbon budget model” developed to calculate branch carbohydrate balance. Experiences were conducted in Sicily (37°26’N, 14°03’E, 360 m a.s.l.) on female trees of ‘Bianca’. Two treatments were applied: rainfed (T0) and 100 mm of irrigation (T100). At 29, 44, 65, 86, 103 and 121 DAFB, on one ful ...
DOI:
10.17660/ActaHortic.2018.1229.28

98. A comparative study of seed yield parameters in Arabidopsis thaliana mutants and transgenics

Author:
Inge Van Daele; Nathalie Gonzalez; Ilse Vercauteren; Lien de Smet; Dirk Inzé; Isabel Roldán‐Ruiz; Marnik Vuylsteke
Source:
Plant biotechnology journal 2012 v.10 no.4 pp. 488-500
ISSN:
1467-7644
Subject:
Arabidopsis thaliana; biomass production; branches; cell division; cultivars; data collection; flowering; flowers; fruits; genetically modified organisms; grain crops; mutants; phenotype; quantitative trait loci; seed yield; seeds; transgenes; vegetative growth
Abstract:
... Because seed yield is the major factor determining the commercial success of grain crop cultivars, there is a large interest to obtain more understanding of the genetic factors underlying this trait. Despite many studies, mainly in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, have reported transgenes and mutants with effects on seed number and/or seed size, knowledge about seed yield parameters remains f ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1467-7652.2012.00687.x
PubMed:
22332878

99. A comparative study of shoot and floral development in Paris tetraphylla and P. verticillata (Trilliaceae)

Author:
Narita, M.; Takahashi, H.
Source:
Plant systematics and evolution 2008 v.272 no.1-4 pp. 67-78
ISSN:
0378-2697
Subject:
Trillium; branches; calyx; carpels; early development; flowering; leaf primordia; rhizomes; scanning electron microscopy; shoot primordia
Abstract:
... Using scanning electron microscopy, we present new morphological and developmental data on rhizomes and aerial flowering shoots of two Japanese Paris species, P. tetraphylla and P. verticillata. Differences in rhizome characters between the species were identified, including 2(-3) annual nodes in P. tetraphylla versus 3-4 in P. verticillata, and thick and elastic rhizomes in the former versus thin ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00606-007-0642-y

100. A comparative test of phylogenetic diversity indices

Author:
Oliver Schweiger; Stefan Klotz; Walter Durka; Ingolf Kühn
Source:
Oecologia 2008 v.157 no.3 pp. 485-495
ISSN:
0029-8549
Subject:
branches; entropy; extinction; phylogeny; species diversity; topology; trees
Abstract:
... Traditional measures of biodiversity, such as species richness, usually treat species as being equal. As this is obviously not the case, measuring diversity in terms of features accumulated over evolutionary history provides additional value to theoretical and applied ecology. Several phylogenetic diversity indices exist, but their behaviour has not yet been tested in a comparative framework. We p ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00442-008-1082-2
PubMed:
18566837