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1. "Agricultural factory": industrial reuse for innovative production towards more sustainable cities

Author:
M. Negrello
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2018 no.1215 pp. 165-170
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
European Union; agricultural land; brownfields; buildings; case studies; cities; climate; climate change; ecosystems; floods; food production; food safety; heat; hydroponics; infrastructure; land use; models; quality of life; soil; urbanization
Abstract:
... The tissue of cities is getting increasingly dense and compact, however, according to the current development models, the demand for living space per person, for industrial and commercial activities, for the transport infrastructure, requires more and more land, often to the detriment of agricultural fields, that surround cities. The occupation of agricultural lands has significant impact on the r ...
DOI:
10.17660/ActaHortic.2018.1215.31

2. "Bauwerke in Lebenszyklen denken" – Österreich auf dem Weg zur Ressourceneffizienz im Bauwesen

Author:
H. Daxbeck; J. Flath; R. Lixia; H. Buschmann
Source:
Österreichische Wasser- und Abfallwirtschaft 2011 v.63 no.11-12 pp. 205-210
ISSN:
0945-358X
Subject:
buildings; construction industry; resource management; Austria
Abstract:
... "Think of buildings in terms of life cycles" – Austria on her way to resource efficiency in building and construction ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00506-011-0341-3

3. "Greenhousing": Integrating Low-Input Simplified Hydroponics for Roof Gardening in Bologna's Public Housing

Author:
L. Marchetti; C. Piovene; A. Cesarali; I. Bertocchi; F. Orsini; G. Gianquinto
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2015 v. no.1093 pp. 99-106
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
buildings; cities; containers; ecological footprint; food availability; gardening; gardens; green roofs; hydroponics; landscapes; people; public housing; recycled materials; soil fertility; surface area; therapeutics; urban agriculture; urban horticulture; Italy
Abstract:
... Since 2007, most people of the world live in cities. Urban agriculture, and more specifically urban horticulture may allow improvements in food supply and reduce the city ecological footprint. Furthermore, gardening practices are associated with social and therapeutic effects. In the last decades, as a consequence of the increased awareness on its related benefits, urban horticulture has assumed a ...
DOI:
10.17660/ActaHortic.2015.1093.10

4. 100-years of Australian bushfire property losses: Is the risk significant and is it increasing

Author:
McAneney, John; Chen, Keping; Pitman, Andy
Source:
Journal of environmental management 2009 v.90 no.8 pp. 2819-2822
ISSN:
0301-4797
Subject:
shrublands; wildfires; buildings; global warming; probability analysis; risk assessment; history; Australia
Abstract:
... This study examines the bushfire (wildland fire) risk to the built environment in Australia. The most salient result is that the annual probability of building destruction has remained almost constant over the last century despite large demographic and social changes as well as improvements in fire fighting technique and resources. Most historical losses have taken place in a few extreme fires whi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.03.013
PubMed:
19410362

5. 137Cs in puddle sediments as timescale tracer in urban environment

Author:
Andrian A. Seleznev; Ilia V. Yarmoshenko; Alexander P. Sergeev
Source:
Journal of environmental radioactivity 2015 v.142 pp. 9-13
ISSN:
0265-931X
Subject:
buildings; cesium; cobalt; copper; iron; landscapes; lead; manganese; nickel; pollutants; radionuclides; residential areas; sediments; soil pollution; surface water; urban areas; zinc; Russia
Abstract:
... The 137Cs-based chronological approach is suggested to identify the age of urban landscapes and the chronology of pollution of soil in residential areas. Three main pivot points constitute the basis of the chronological approach: beginning of the Atomic Era in 1945, the maximum input in 1963 and the Chernobyl accident in 1986. Application of 137Cs as a timescale tracer was tested on the example of ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.01.001

6. 2 X 4 housing fares well in Kobe quake

Author:
Cowan, F.
Source:
Forestry chronicle 1995 v.71 no.3 pp. 343-344
ISSN:
0015-7546
Subject:
building construction; buildings; earthquakes; Japan
DOI:
10.5558/tfc71343-3

7. 24-Hour Microclimate Conditions in Livestock Building

Author:
Tadeusz Głuski; Magdalena Patro; Andrzej Marczuk; Wojciech Misztal; Katarzyna Szwedziak; Żaneta Grzywacz
Source:
Agricultural Engineering 2019 v.23 no.3 pp. 41-49
ISSN:
2449-5999
Subject:
air temperature; buildings; graphs; heat; humidity; livestock; livestock housing; measuring devices; microclimate; permeability; spring; wind speed; winter
Abstract:
... The size of all sensible heat balance components in livestock building varies in time, because it depends on time-varying weather factors. On the example of two buildings, sensible heat balance was shown on a daily basis. Measurements carried out in winter and spring in two livestock buildings with usable attics included measurements of air temperature and humidity inside and outside, air velocity ...
DOI:
10.1515/agriceng-2019-0024

8. 2D Image-To-3D Model: Knowledge-Based 3D Building Reconstruction (3DBR) Using Single Aerial Images and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs)

Author:
Fatemeh Alidoost; Hossein Arefi; Federico Tombari
Source:
Remote Sensing 2019 v.11 no.19 pp. -
ISSN:
2072-4292
Subject:
aerial photography; buildings; neural networks; remote sensing
Abstract:
... In this study, a deep learning (DL)-based approach is proposed for the detection and reconstruction of buildings from a single aerial image. The pre-required knowledge to reconstruct the 3D shapes of buildings, including the height data as well as the linear elements of individual roofs, is derived from the RGB image using an optimized multi-scale convolutional–deconvolutional network (MSCDN ...
DOI:
10.3390/rs11192219

9. 2D/3D information fusion for building extraction from high-resolution satellite stereo images using kernel graph cuts

Author:
Hamid Mohammadi; Farhad Samadzadegan; Peter Reinartz
Source:
International journal of remote sensing 2019 v.40 no.15 pp. 5835-5860
ISSN:
1366-5901
Subject:
algorithms; buildings; landscapes; remote sensing; satellites; seeds; vegetation; vegetation index
Abstract:
... This study presents a building extraction strategy from High-resolution satellite stereo images (HRSSI) using 2D and 3D information fusion. In the 2D processing strategy, a visible vegetation index (VVI) is generated. In the 3D processing, a disparity map is generated using semi-global matching (SGM). To remove defects from the disparity map, an object-based approach is proposed by using mean-shif ...
DOI:
10.1080/01431161.2019.1584417

10. 3-D Reconstruction of an Urban Landscape to Assess the Influence of Vegetation in the Radiative Budget

Author:
Maria Angela Dissegna; Tiangang Yin; Shanshan Wei; Dan Richards; Adrienne Grêt-Regamey
Source:
Forests 2019 v.10 no.8 pp. -
ISSN:
1999-4907
Subject:
angle of incidence; anisotropy; buildings; cities; climate; climate change; direct solar radiation; geometry; heat island; landscapes; leaf area; models; photosynthesis; radiative transfer; trees; urbanization; vegetation cover; wavelengths; Singapore
Abstract:
... Increased urbanization and climate change have resulted in the intensification of the urban heat island (UHI) effect, particularly in tropical cities. One of the main causes of UHI is the man-made urban surfaces influencing the radiation budget by absorbing, reflecting, and emitting radiation at various wavelengths. The radiative budget of a city is directly influenced by the urban geometry, surfa ...
DOI:
10.3390/f10080700

11. 3D Digital Representation of Cadastral Data in Turkey—Apartments Case

Author:
Fatih Döner; Samet Şirin
Source:
Land 2020 v.9 no.6 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-445X
Subject:
buildings; cadasters; governance; information technology; issues and policy; models; property rights; residential housing; spatial data
Abstract:
... With the widespread use of three-dimensional (3D) geographic information technologies, studies for 3D digital representation of property units in cadasters have increased in recent years. In Turkey, a project named 3D City Models and Cadasters was initiated by the General Directorate of Land Registries and Cadasters in 2018. With this project, which is planned to last four years, it aims to create ...
DOI:
10.3390/land9060179

12. 3D Modelling of Urban Area Using Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)

Author:
Alireza Sharafzadeh; Ali Esmaeily; Maryam Dehghani
Source:
Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing 2018 v.46 no.11 pp. 1785-1793
ISSN:
0255-660X
Subject:
buildings; classification; energy; image analysis; interferometry; monitoring; probabilistic models; remote sensing; satellites; solar radiation; statistical analysis; synthetic aperture radar; topography; urban areas
Abstract:
... Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is a newly-developed remote sensing technology that works in all weather and independent of daylight. Recent satellite designs such as TerraSAR-x, which have resolutions of a couple of meters and sub-meters, have provided appropriate data for modelling and monitoring of urban areas. Image classification and height information extraction is possible considering the na ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12524-018-0827-6

13. 3D building reconstruction based on given ground plan information and surface models extracted from spaceborne imagery

Author:
Frederik Tack; Gurcan Buyuksalih; Rudi Goossens
Source:
ISPRS journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing 2012 v.67 no. pp. 52-64
ISSN:
0924-2716
Subject:
buildings; databases; furniture; models; remote sensing; urban areas; urban planning; vegetation
Abstract:
... 3D surface models have gained field as an important tool for urban planning and mapping. However, urban environments have a complex nature to model and they provide a challenge to investigate the current limits of automatic digital surface modeling from high resolution satellite imagery. An approach is introduced to improve a 3D surface model, extracted photogrammetrically from satellite imagery, ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2011.10.003

14. 3D building reconstruction from ALS data using unambiguous decomposition into elementary structures

Author:
M. Jarząbek-Rychard; A. Borkowski
Source:
ISPRS journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing 2016 v.118 pp. 1-12
ISSN:
0924-2716
Subject:
models; algorithms; photogrammetry; remote sensing; buildings; topology; geometry; information processing
Abstract:
... The objective of the paper is to develop an automated method that enables for the recognition and semantic interpretation of topological building structures. The novelty of the proposed modeling approach is an unambiguous decomposition of complex objects into predefined simple parametric structures, resulting in the reconstruction of one topological unit without independent overlapping elements. T ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2016.04.005

15. 3D gray level co-occurrence matrix and its application to identifying collapsed buildings

Author:
Luis Moya; Homa Zakeri; Fumio Yamazaki; Wen Liu; Erick Mas; Shunichi Koshimura
Source:
ISPRS journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing 2019 v.149 pp. 14-28
ISSN:
0924-2716
Subject:
buildings; data collection; earthquakes; models; radar; remote sensing; support vector machines; texture; tsunamis
Abstract:
... With the remarkable progress in access to remote sensing imagery data, nowadays research very often utilizes more than one image. We are often able to use multitemporal, hyperspectral, and/or full polarization of microwave radar images. In addition, it has become the general consensus that texture analysis plays an important role in remote sensing. It has been found in several publications that te ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2019.01.008

16. 3D modeling of groundwater heat transport in the shallow Westliches Leibnitzer Feld aquifer, Austria

Author:
Gerhard Rock; Hans Kupfersberger
Source:
Journal of hydrology 2018 v.557 pp. 668-678
ISSN:
0022-1694
Subject:
air temperature; aquifers; buildings; cold; cooling; forests; grasses; groundwater; heat transfer; land use; models; surface water; temperature profiles; urban areas; Austria
Abstract:
... For the shallow Westliches Leibnitzer feld aquifer (45 km²) we applied the recently developed methodology by Kupfersberger et al. (2017a) to derive the thermal upper boundary for a 3D heat transport model from observed air temperatures. We distinguished between land uses of grass and agriculture, sealed surfaces, forest and water bodies. To represent the heat flux from heated buildings and the mix ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.12.060

17. 3D reconstruction of buildings from LiDAR data considering various types of roof structures

Author:
Parham Pahlavani; Hamed Amini Amirkolaee; Behnaz Bigdeli
Source:
International journal of remote sensing 2017 v.38 no.5 pp. 1451-1482
ISSN:
1366-5901
Subject:
algorithms; buildings; lidar; models; remote sensing
Abstract:
... In this article, a different approach has been proposed to detect and reconstruct buildings in 3D space. In this regard, some potentially primary features were produced and a genetic algorithm (GA) was employed in order to select the optimum features. The selected features were utilized to detect the building by using k-nearest neighbour (k-NN) algorithm. The detection results were used as inputs ...
DOI:
10.1080/01431161.2017.1280624

18. 4th Generation District Heating (4GDH)

Author:
Henrik Lund; Sven Werner; Robin Wiltshire; Svend Svendsen; Jan Eric Thorsen; Frede Hvelplund; Brian Vad Mathiesen
Source:
Energy 2014 v.68 pp. 1-11
ISSN:
0360-5442
Subject:
buildings; cooling; electricity; energy efficiency; heat; renewable energy sources
Abstract:
... This paper defines the concept of 4th Generation District Heating (4GDH) including the relations to District Cooling and the concepts of smart energy and smart thermal grids. The motive is to identify the future challenges of reaching a future renewable non-fossil heat supply as part of the implementation of overall sustainable energy systems. The basic assumption is that district heating and cool ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.energy.2014.02.089

19. 5th Generation District Heating: A novel design approach based on mathematical optimization

Author:
Marco Wirtz; Lukas Kivilip; Peter Remmen; Dirk Müller
Source:
Applied energy 2020 v.260 pp. 114158
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
air conditioning; buildings; carbon dioxide; cooling; cooling towers; cost effectiveness; energy conversion; greenhouse gas emissions; heat; heat exchangers; heat pumps; linear programming; mathematical models; temperature; thermal energy; ventilation systems; Germany
Abstract:
... This paper presents a novel design methodology based on Linear Programming for designing and evaluating distributed energy systems with bidirectional low temperature networks (BLTNs). The mathematical model determines the optimal selection and sizing of all energy conversion units in buildings and energy hubs connected to the BLTN while minimizing total annualized costs. The optimization superstru ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.114158

20. Legionella Survey in the Plumbing System of a Sparse Academic Campus: A Case Study at the University of Perugia

Author:
Ermanno Federici; Silvia Meniconi; Elisa Ceci; Elisa Mazzetti; Chiara Casagrande; Elena Montalbani; Stefania Businelli; Tatiana Mariani; Paolo Mugnaioli; Giovanni Cenci; Bruno Brunone
Source:
Water 2017 v.9 no.9 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-4441
Subject:
Legionella anisa; Legionella pneumophila; Legionella taurinensis; bacteria; buildings; case studies; disinfection; guidelines; heat exchangers; hydrogen peroxide; remediation; serotypes; silver; surveys; water temperature; Italy
Abstract:
... We have monitored the presence of bacteria belonging to the genus Legionella in the plumbing of buildings at the University of Perugia (Italy). More than 300 water samples were collected from 156 control-point taps in 41 buildings comprised in the eight campuses of the University. Legionella was absent in most samples, while it was found in only 12 buildings (29% of the total). Molecular analysis ...
DOI:
10.3390/w9090662

21. Evernia Goes to School: Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals and Photosynthetic Performance in Lichen Transplants Exposed Indoors and Outdoors in Public and Private Environments

Author:
Luca Paoli; Zuzana Fačkovcová; Anna Guttová; Caterina Maccelli; Katarína Kresáňová; Stefano Loppi
Source:
Plants 2019 v.8 no.5 pp. -
ISSN:
2223-7747
Subject:
Parmeliaceae; air quality; aluminum; antimony; arsenic; autumn; bioaccumulation; buildings; cadmium; calcium; children; chlorophyll; chromium; copper; environmental monitoring; fluorescence; heavy metals; indicator species; iron; lead; lichens; photosynthesis; physiological state; rural areas; schools; urban areas; vanadium; zinc; Slovakia
Abstract:
... Recently indoor air quality (IAQ) has become a key issue, especially in schools, where children spend most of the day. Only in a few cases IAQ was investigated using lichens as biomonitors. During autumn 2017, lichens (Evernia prunastri) were exposed for two months indoors and outdoors in public (schools) and private (dwellings) environments, in both rural and urban areas of Slovakia. The bioaccum ...
DOI:
10.3390/plants8050125
PubMed:
31086106
PubMed Central:
PMC6571755

22. A 100-Year Review: Practical female reproductive management

Author:
J.S. Stevenson; J.H. Britt
Source:
Journal of dairy science 2017 v.100 no.12 pp. 10292-10313
ISSN:
0022-0302
Subject:
animal ovaries; artificial insemination; buildings; computer software; computers; consultants; cows; dairies; dairy cattle; ears; estrus; estrus detection; free stalls; genomics; glycoproteins; herd size; hormones; income; milk yield; monitoring; ovulation; physical activity; portable equipment; pregnancy diagnosis; rumination; semen; teams; temperature; ultrasonography; United States
Abstract:
... Basic knowledge of mechanisms controlling reproductive processes in mammals was limited in the early 20th century. Discoveries of physiologic processes and mechanisms made early in the last century laid the foundation to develop technologies and programs used today to manage and control reproduction in dairy cattle. Beyond advances made in understanding of gonadotropic support and control of ovari ...
DOI:
10.3168/jds.2017-12959

23. A 3D Reconstruction Framework of Buildings Using Single Off-Nadir Satellite Image

Author:
Chunhui Zhao; Chi Zhang; Yiming Yan; Nan Su
Source:
Remote Sensing 2021 v.13 no.21 pp. -
ISSN:
2072-4292
Subject:
buildings; exhibitions; geometry; image analysis; neural networks; porous media; problem solving; profits and margins; remote sensing
Abstract:
... A novel framework for 3D reconstruction of buildings based on a single off-nadir satellite image is proposed in this paper. Compared with the traditional methods of reconstruction using multiple images in remote sensing, recovering 3D information that utilizes the single image can reduce the demands of reconstruction tasks from the perspective of input data. It solves the problem that multiple ima ...
DOI:
10.3390/rs13214434

24. A 3D dynamic visualization method coupled with an urban drainage model

Author:
Guozheng Zhi; Zhenliang Liao; Wenchong Tian; Xin Wang; Juxiang Chen
Source:
Journal of hydrology 2019 v.577 pp. 123988
ISSN:
0022-1694
Subject:
buildings; case studies; decision making; drainage; environmental management; geographic information systems; models; pipes; rain; spatial data; water quality; China
Abstract:
... The urban drainage model is an important tool for the management and decision-making around an urban drainage network. Owing to urban drainage networks’ complex distribution, existing model analysis methods have gradually exposed problems of insufficient utilization of spatial information, weak coupling and analytical capacity of multi-source heterogeneous data, and poor human-computer interaction ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.123988

25. A BIM-based system for demolition and renovation waste estimation and planning

Author:
Jack C.P. Cheng; Lauren Y.H. Ma
Source:
Waste management 2013 v.33 pp. 1539-1551
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
buildings; cities; construction industry; contractors; historic sites; issues and policy; landfills; models; planning; prediction; recycling; wastes; China
Abstract:
... Due to the rising worldwide awareness of green environment, both government and contractors have to consider effective construction and demolition (C&D) waste management practices. The last two decades have witnessed the growing importance of demolition and renovation (D&R) works and the growing amount of D&R waste disposed to landfills every day, especially in developed cities like Hong Kong. Qua ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2013.01.001

26. A Bottom-Up Building Stock Model for Tracking Regional Energy Targets—A Case Study of Kočevje

Author:
Marjana Šijanec Zavrl; Gašper Stegnar; Andraž Rakušček; Henrik Gjerkeš
Source:
Sustainability 2016 v.8 no.10 pp. -
ISSN:
2071-1050
Subject:
buildings; carbon dioxide; case studies; crosslinking; databases; energy; environmental impact; greenhouse gas emissions; heating systems; models; monitoring
Abstract:
... The paper addresses the development of a bottom-up building stock energy model (BuilS) for identification of the building stock renovation potential by considering energy performance of individual buildings through cross-linked data from various public available databases. The model enables integration of various EE and RES measures on the building stock to demonstrate long-term economic and envir ...
DOI:
10.3390/su8101063

27. A CFD study on the effectiveness of trees to disperse road traffic emissions at a city scale

Author:
A.P.R. Jeanjean; G. Hinchliffe; W.A. McMullan; P.S. Monks; R.J. Leigh
Source:
Atmospheric environment 2015 v.120 pp. 1-14
ISSN:
1352-2310
Subject:
air pollution; atmospheric chemistry; buildings; computer software; databases; emissions; lidar; models; traffic; trees; turbulent flow; urban planning; wind; wind tunnels; United Kingdom
Abstract:
... This paper focuses on the effectiveness of trees at dispersing road traffic emissions on a city scale. CFD simulations of air-pollutant concentrations were performed using the OpenFOAM software platform using the k-ε model. Results were validated against the CODASC wind tunnel database before being applied to a LIDAR database of buildings and trees representing the City of Leicester (UK). Most oth ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.08.003

28. A Coarse-to-Fine Contour Optimization Network for Extracting Building Instances from High-Resolution Remote Sensing Imagery

Author:
Fang Fang; Kaishun Wu; Yuanyuan Liu; Shengwen Li; Bo Wan; Yanling Chen; Daoyuan Zheng
Source:
Remote Sensing 2021 v.13 no.19 pp. -
ISSN:
2072-4292
Subject:
buildings; data collection; design; extracts; learning; remote sensing; surveys
Abstract:
... Building instances extraction is an essential task for surveying and mapping. Challenges still exist in extracting building instances from high-resolution remote sensing imagery mainly because of complex structures, variety of scales, and interconnected buildings. This study proposes a coarse-to-fine contour optimization network to improve the performance of building instance extraction. Specifica ...
DOI:
10.3390/rs13193814

29. A Combined Value Focused Thinking-Soft Systems Methodology Approach to Structure Decision Support for Energy Performance Assessment of School Buildings

Author:
Hermano Bernardo; Adélio Gaspar; Carlos Henggeler Antunes
Source:
Sustainability 2018 v.10 no.7 pp. -
ISSN:
2071-1050
Subject:
buildings; energy efficiency; issues and policy; models; problem solving; stakeholders; trees
Abstract:
... Several technological, social and organizational factors influence energy management in school buildings, resulting in a complex situation away from the usual engineering approach. The selection of evaluation criteria to assess the energy performance of school buildings remains one of the most challenging aspects since these should accommodate the perspectives of the potential key stakeholders. Th ...
DOI:
10.3390/su10072295

30. A Comparative Approach to Artificial and Natural Green Walls According to Ecological Sustainability

Author:
Alperen Meral; Nermin Başaran; Emrah Yalçınalp; Ezgi Doğan; Mehmet Kıvanç Ak; Engin Eroğlu
Source:
Sustainability 2018 v.10 no.6 pp. -
ISSN:
2071-1050
Subject:
aesthetics; bioretention areas; buildings; cities; ecological function; green roofs; industrialization; introduced species; landscapes; landscaping; people; rural areas; static load; urban areas; urbanization
Abstract:
... Together with the rapid industrialization of the world, urbanization is also uncontrollably increasing. Such an increase in urbanization exerts the greatest pressure on natural resources, obligating people to live in intense structural spaces and increasing the need for green spaces in cities. Because of the expensive costs of horizontal surfaces being “green”, urban places are faced w ...
DOI:
10.3390/su10061995

31. A Comparative Study of Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems in Object Detection of Complex City Scenes Using Digital Aerial Images and LiDAR Data

Author:
Siamak Talebi Nahr; Parham Pahlavani; Hamed Amini Amirkalayi
Source:
Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing 2015 v.43 no.4 pp. 787-799
ISSN:
0255-660X
Subject:
aerial photography; algorithms; buildings; fuzzy logic; lidar; normalized difference vegetation index; photogrammetry; remote sensing; society; trees; Germany
Abstract:
... As adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (ANFISs) have shown a high capability in solving various complicated problems, their usage have been increased so far. ANFISs are able to deal with large amounts of data with linear or nonlinear relations. In this paper, an ANFIS-based methodology was proposed in order to detect objects in complex city scenes using digital aerial images and LiDAR data. In ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12524-015-0457-1

32. A Comparative Study of Texture and Convolutional Neural Network Features for Detecting Collapsed Buildings After Earthquakes Using Pre- and Post-Event Satellite Imagery

Author:
Min Ji; Lanfa Liu; Runlin Du; Manfred F. Buchroithner
Source:
Remote Sensing 2019 v.11 no.10 pp. -
ISSN:
2072-4292
Subject:
buildings; comparative study; earthquakes; remote sensing; texture; Haiti
Abstract:
... The accurate and quick derivation of the distribution of damaged building must be considered essential for the emergency response. With the success of deep learning, there is an increasing interest to apply it for earthquake-induced building damage mapping, and its performance has not been compared with conventional methods in detecting building damage after the earthquake. In the present study, t ...
DOI:
10.3390/rs11101202

33. A Comparative Study on Sustainability in Architectural Education in Asia—With a Focus on Professional Degree Curricula

Author:
Santiago Porras Álvarez; Kyungsun Lee; Jiyoung Park; Sun-Young Rieh
Source:
Sustainability 2016 v.8 no.3 pp. -
ISSN:
2071-1050
Subject:
buildings; cities; comparative study; curriculum; graphs; industry; population growth; professionals; schools; urbanization; Asia
Abstract:
... Architectural education is a key factor in the re-thinking of the whole industry toward a system of more sustainable buildings and cities. Asia is the continent with the highest population growth and the fastest urbanization rate on earth. It is necessary to educate professionals with a well-balanced and integrated knowledge of local issues and global standards. This paper focuses on education for ...
DOI:
10.3390/su8030290

34. A Comparison of Precise Leveling and Persistent Scatterer SAR Interferometry for Building Subsidence Rate Measurement

Author:
Kirsi Karila; Mika Karjalainen; Juha Hyyppä; Jarkko Koskinen; Veikko Saaranen; Paavo Rouhiainen
Source:
ISPRS international journal of geo-information 2013 v.2 no.3 pp. 797-816
ISSN:
2220-9964
Subject:
algorithms; bolts; buildings; deformation; geodesy; interferometry; satellites; subsidence; time series analysis; urban areas
Abstract:
... It is well known that the most accurate method to detect changes of height is the geodetic precise leveling method. Due to the high demand work and time needed for precise leveling alternative methods are studied to obtain high quality height information. Differential SAR interferometry techniques such as the Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) method are studied to detect millimeter level d ...
DOI:
10.3390/ijgi2030797

35. A Comparison of the Energy Saving and Carbon Reduction Performance between Reinforced Concrete and Cross-Laminated Timber Structures in Residential Buildings in the Severe Cold Region of China

Author:
Haibo Guo; Ying Liu; Yiping Meng; Haoyu Huang; Cheng Sun; Yu Shao
Source:
Sustainability 2017 v.9 no.8 pp. -
ISSN:
2071-1050
Subject:
buildings; carbon; cold; computer software; concrete; cross laminated timber; emissions; energy conservation; energy efficiency; life cycle assessment; residential housing; China
Abstract:
... This paper aims to investigate the energy saving and carbon reduction performance of cross-laminated timber residential buildings in the severe cold region of China through a computational simulation approach. The authors selected Harbin as the simulation environment, designed reference residential buildings with different storeys which were constructed using reinforced concrete (RC) and cross-lam ...
DOI:
10.3390/su9081426

36. A Comprehensive Review of Thermal Energy Storage

Author:
Ioan Sarbu; Calin Sebarchievici
Source:
Sustainability 2018 v.10 no.1 pp. -
ISSN:
2071-1050
Subject:
buildings; cooling; heat; heat pumps; latent heat; phase transition; power generation; power plants; solar energy; storage technology; thermal energy
Abstract:
... Thermal energy storage (TES) is a technology that stocks thermal energy by heating or cooling a storage medium so that the stored energy can be used at a later time for heating and cooling applications and power generation. TES systems are used particularly in buildings and in industrial processes. This paper is focused on TES technologies that provide a way of valorizing solar heat and reducing t ...
DOI:
10.3390/su10010191

37. A Computational Workflow for Generating A Voxel-Based Design Approach Based on Subtractive Shading Envelopes and Attribute Information of Point Cloud Data

Author:
Miktha Farid Alkadri; Francesco De Luca; Michela Turrin; Sevil Sariyildiz
Source:
Remote Sensing 2020 v.12 no.16 pp. -
ISSN:
2072-4292
Subject:
buildings; color; data collection; decision making; design; geometry; information; microclimate; models; radiometry; remote sensing; shade; tropics; vegetation
Abstract:
... This study proposes a voxel-based design approach based on the subtractive mechanism of shading envelopes and attributes information of point cloud data in tropical climates. In particular, the proposed method evaluates a volumetric sample of new buildings based on predefined shading performance criteria. With the support of geometric and radiometric information stored in point cloud, such as posi ...
DOI:
10.3390/rs12162561

38. A Conceptual Framework for the Evaluation of Fuel-Cell Energy Systems in the Uk Built Environment

Author:
Mohamed Abdel-Wahab; Dallia Ali
Source:
International journal of green energy 2013 v.10 no.2 pp. 137-150
ISSN:
1543-5083
Subject:
anthropogenic activities; buildings; energy efficiency; environmental impact; experts; fuel cells; guidelines; hydrogen; industry; renewable energy sources; wind; Scotland
Abstract:
... Energy-efficient buildings can reduce human impact on the environment. Energy efficiency is not only concerned with generating more energy using fewer resources, nor reducing energy usage, but also it is about harnessing natural resources, such as wind and sun, to produce energy. The UK government is thus promoting the adoption of renewable energy in buildings. The Fuel-Cell Energy Systems (FCES), ...
DOI:
10.1080/15435075.2011.642089

39. A Cradle to Handover Life Cycle Assessment of External Walls: Choice of Materials and Prognosis of Elements

Author:
Diana Carolina Gámez-García; José Manuel Gómez-Soberón; Ramón Corral-Higuera; Héctor Saldaña-Márquez; María Consolación Gómez-Soberón; Susana Paola Arredondo-Rea
Source:
Sustainability 2018 v.10 no.8 pp. -
ISSN:
2071-1050
Subject:
buildings; environmental impact; equations; insulating materials; life cycle assessment; prediction; prognosis; residential housing
Abstract:
... This research focuses on a comparison of 20 external wall systems that are conventionally used in Spanish residential buildings, from a perspective based on the product and construction process stages of the life cycle assessment. The primary objective is to provide data that allow knowing the environmental behavior of walls built with materials and practices conventionally. This type of analysis ...
DOI:
10.3390/su10082748

40. A D-vine copula quantile regression approach for the prediction of residential heating energy consumption based on historical data

Author:
Rochus Niemierko; Jannick Töppel; Timm Tränkler
Source:
Applied energy 2019 v.233-234 pp. 691-708
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
buildings; climate; data collection; energy efficiency; households; models; prediction; regression analysis; residential housing
Abstract:
... Energetic retrofitting of residential buildings is poised to play an important role in the achievement of ambitious global climate targets. A prerequisite for purposeful policy-making and private investments is the accurate prediction of energy consumption. Building energy models are mostly based on engineering methods quantifying theoretical energy consumption. However, a performance gap between ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.10.025

41. A Decision Making Tool for a Comprehensive Evaluation of Building Retrofitting Actions at the Regional Scale

Author:
Rossano Albatici; Alessia Gadotti; Christian Baldessari; Michela Chiogna
Source:
Sustainability 2016 v.8 no.10 pp. -
ISSN:
2071-1050
Subject:
buildings; carbon dioxide; cost effectiveness; decision support systems; energy efficiency; greenhouse gas emissions; primary energy; public housing; Italy
Abstract:
... Buildings in Europe account for 40% of total primary energy consumption and 36% of CO2 emissions. Nearly one-half of the building stock was built before modern energy efficiency standards and need urgent renovation. Urban retrofitting has emerged as a crucial factor for bringing about a radical change, the new construction rate being lower than 1%. Nevertheless, an accepted and consolid ...
DOI:
10.3390/su8100990

42. A Decision Support System for Plant Optimization in Urban Areas with Diversified Solar Radiation

Author:
Heyi Wei; Zhengdong Huang; Mu Lin
Source:
Sustainability 2017 v.9 no.2 pp. -
ISSN:
2071-1050
Subject:
buildings; computer software; databases; decision making; decision support systems; geographic information systems; information retrieval; landscaping; planning; plant communities; qualitative analysis; residential areas; shade tolerance; solar radiation; sustainable development; urban areas; China
Abstract:
... Sunshine is an important factor which limits the choice of urban plant species, especially in environments with high-density buildings. In practice, plant selection and configuration is a key step of landscape architecture, which has relied on an experience-based qualitative approach. However, the rationality and efficiency of this need to be improved. To maintain the diversity of plant species an ...
DOI:
10.3390/su9020215

43. A Decision-Making and Governance Framework for the Renewal of Tourism Destinations: The Case of the Canary Islands

Author:
Manuel Rodríguez-Díaz; Rosa Rodríguez-Díaz
Source:
Sustainability 2018 v.10 no.2 pp. -
ISSN:
2071-1050
Subject:
buildings; consumers (people); decision making; funding; governance; infrastructure; laws and regulations; leadership; stakeholders; tourism; tourists; Canary Islands; Europe
Abstract:
... Tourism destinations in advanced stages of the life cycle need to update their lodging offers and infrastructures. The main problem is that new destinations are planned according to the new preferences of customers, creating critical problems in older destinations related to the architecture of the buildings, size of the rooms, dimension of lodgings, complementary offer, and infrastructures. The a ...
DOI:
10.3390/su10020310

44. A Density-Based Clustering Method for the Segmentation of Individual Buildings from Filtered Airborne LiDAR Point Clouds

Author:
Xiaoping Huang; Rujun Cao; Yanyan Cao
Source:
Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing 2019 v.47 no.6 pp. 907-921
ISSN:
0255-660X
Subject:
algorithms; buildings; data collection; databases; lidar; remote sensing
Abstract:
... Individual building segmentation is a prerequisite for building reconstruction. When building points or building regions are classified from raw LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) point clouds, the dataset usually contains numerous individual buildings as well as outliers. However, the applications to segment individual buildings from large datasets require the algorithms working with the minimal ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12524-018-0911-y

45. A Detection Method for Collapsed Buildings Combining Post-Earthquake High-Resolution Optical and Synthetic Aperture Radar Images

Author:
Chao Wang; Yan Zhang; Tao Xie; Lin Guo; Shishi Chen; Junyong Li; Fan Shi
Source:
Remote Sensing 2022 v.14 no.5 pp. -
ISSN:
2072-4292
Subject:
application methods; buildings; design; exhibitions; extracts; image analysis; mining; remote sensing; support vector machines; synthetic aperture radar
Abstract:
... The detection of collapsed buildings based on post-earthquake remote sensing images is conducive to eliminating the dependence on pre-earthquake data, which is of great significance to carry out emergency response in time. The difficulties in obtaining or lack of elevation information, as strong evidence to determine whether buildings collapse or not, is the main challenge in the practical applica ...
DOI:
10.3390/rs14051100

46. A District Approach to Building Renovation for the Integral Energy Redevelopment of Existing Residential Areas

Author:
Mira Conci; Jens Schneider
Source:
Sustainability 2017 v.9 no.5 pp. -
ISSN:
2071-1050
Subject:
buildings; economic incentives; electric power; energy balance; heat; historic preservation; primary energy; residential areas; Germany
Abstract:
... Building energy renovation quotas are not currently being met due to unfavorable conditions such as complex building regulations, limited investment incentives, historical preservation priorities, and technical limitations. The traditional strategy has been to incrementally lower the energy consumption of the building stock, instead of raising the efficiency of the energy supply through a broader ...
DOI:
10.3390/su9050747

47. A Dual Function Energy Store

Author:
Ron Tolmie; Marc A. Rosen
Source:
Sustainability 2014 v.6 no.11 pp. 8297-8309
ISSN:
2071-1050
Subject:
air; buildings; cooling systems; energy; energy use and consumption; fossil fuels; generators (equipment); heat; heat pumps; summer; temperature
Abstract:
... Heat can be collected from local energy sources and concentrated into a relatively small volume, and at a useful working temperature, by using a heat pump as the concentrator. That heat can be stored and utilized at a later date for applications like space heating. The process is doing two things at the same time: storing heat and shifting the power demand. The concentration step can be done at ni ...
DOI:
10.3390/su6118297

48. A Dynamic Indoor Field Model for Emergency Evacuation Simulation

Author:
Qing Xiong; Qing Zhu; Zhiqiang Du; Xinyan Zhu; Yeting Zhang; Lei Niu; Yun Li; Yan Zhou
Source:
ISPRS international journal of geo-information 2017 v.6 no.4 pp. -
ISSN:
2220-9964
Subject:
algorithms; buildings; cities; disaster preparedness; fire spread; geometry; human resources; models; planning; spatial data
Abstract:
... Indoor emergency response plays a critically important role in disaster management for cities, which must consider the evacuation of people in a dynamic indoor environment. The spatial model is the foundation for the specific analysis of indoor emergency responses, such as evacuations. The current spatial model for evacuation has three primary pitfalls: (1) it primarily focuses on static spatial i ...
DOI:
10.3390/ijgi6040104

49. A Dynamic Urban Canopy Parameterization for Mesoscale Models Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes Microscale Simulations

Author:
Santiago, J. L.; Martilli, A.
Source:
Boundary-layer meteorology 2010 v.137 no.3 pp. 417-439
ISSN:
0006-8314
Subject:
buildings; canopy; drag coefficient; models; turbulent flow; wind speed
Abstract:
... Urban canopy parameterizations (UCPs) are necessary in mesoscale modelling to take into account the effects of buildings on wind and turbulent structures. This study is focused on the dynamical part of UCPs. The main objective is twofold: first, computing important UCP input parameters (turbulent length scales and the sectional drag coefficient) by means of Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) s ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10546-010-9538-4

50. A European Project for Safer and Energy Efficient Buildings: Pro-GET-onE (Proactive Synergy of inteGrated Efficient Technologies on Buildings’ Envelopes)

Author:
Annarita Ferrante; Giovanni Mochi; Giorgia Predari; Lorenzo Badini; Anastasia Fotopoulou; Riccardo Gulli; Giovanni Semprini
Source:
Sustainability 2018 v.10 no.3 pp. -
ISSN:
2071-1050
Subject:
buildings; energy efficiency; energy requirements; markets; social sustainability
Abstract:
... The paper describes the progress of the four-year European project Pro-GET-onE currently under implementation. This research and innovation project is based on the assumption that greater efficiency, attractiveness, and marketable renovation can only be achieved through an integrated set of technologies where all the different requirements (energy, structural, functional) are optimally managed. Th ...
DOI:
10.3390/su10030812