U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Https

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

PubAg

Main content area

You searched for: Subject term bulk density Remove constraint Subject term: bulk density Text Availability Citation in PubAg Remove constraint Text Availability: Citation in PubAg
Start Over

Search

8,685  Search Results

« Previous | 1 - 20 of 8,685 |
Number of results to display per page

Search Results

1. Combined effect of black locust invasion and fire on soils of Mediterranean shrublands and pine forests

Author:
Anna De Marco; Pasquale Napoletano; Speranza Claudia Panico; Valeria Memoli; Lucia Santorufo; Anna Gabriella Ruggiero; Claudio Colombo; Rossella Barile; Giulia Maisto
Source:
Catena 2023 v.220 pp. 106656
ISSN:
0341-8162
Subject:
Robinia pseudoacacia; biodiversity; bulk density; carbon; catenas; microbial communities; microbial growth; nitrogen content; pH; shrublands; soil; soil microorganisms; soil organic matter; Mediterranean region
Abstract:
... The combined action of alien plants invasion and fire occurrence can strongly alter local biodiversity and soil functions especially in the Mediterranean area. In this context, the goal of the study was to assess the effects of the invasive black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) spread on soil characteristics, especially soil microbial community responses, in some Mediterranean shrublands and pine ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.catena.2022.106656

2. Encapsulation of hop (Humulus lupulus L.) essential oil for controlled release in the non-alcoholic beverage application

Author:
Xueqian Su; Yixiang Xu; Zhiyuan Xu; Ken Hurley; Yiming Feng; Yun Yin
Source:
Food hydrocolloids 2023 v.134 pp. 108039
ISSN:
0268-005X
Subject:
Humulus lupulus; bulk density; color; droplet size; emulsions; encapsulation; essential oils; flavor; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; hydrocolloids; hydrogen bonding; non-alcoholic beverages; octanoic acid; odor compounds; odors; starch; tea; water content; zeta potential
Abstract:
... In order to increase the stability of hop (Humulus lupulus L.) essential oil (HEO) and diversify its application into hot beverages, CAPSUL®, modified food starch, was used as the wall material to encapsulate HEO at the mass ratio of 2:1 through spray drying under 180 °C. The resultant microcapsules were applied to the non-alcoholic hop tea for the first time and their release kinetics in this mat ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.108039

3. Fabrication and immediate release characterization of UV responded oregano essential oil loaded microcapsules by chitosan-decorated titanium dioxide

Author:
Lina Xu; Xinglian Xu; Yujuan Xu; Mingyuan Huang; Yali Li
Source:
Food chemistry 2023 v.400 pp. 133965
ISSN:
0308-8146
Subject:
bulk density; chitosan; encapsulation; food chemistry; oregano oil; thermal stability; titanium dioxide; ultraviolet radiation
Abstract:
... In the present study, in order to establish a triggerable system of core-shell structure, oregano essential oil (OEO) loaded microcapsules by chitosan-decorated titanium dioxide (TiO₂) were prepared and characterized to explore their immediate triggered release abilities by UV-mediated triggers. The surface modification of chitosan composite shells could improve encapsulation yield and loose bulk ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133965

4. Physicochemical properties and protein structure of extruded corn gluten meal: Implication of temperature

Author:
Yingying Zhang; Zijie He; Miaojie Xu; Xinrui Zhang; Shan Cao; Yayun Hu; Guangzhong Luan
Source:
Food chemistry 2023 v.399 pp. 133985
ISSN:
0308-8146
Subject:
bulk density; byproducts; corn gluten meal; corn starch; crosslinking; disulfides; extrusion; food chemistry; food industry; models; particle size; peptides; polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; protein structure; temperature; texturization; zeta potential
Abstract:
... Corn gluten meal is a by-product of corn starch production. To extend its application in the food industry, the extrusion of corn gluten meal was conducted, and the effects of temperature (80, 100, 120, and 140 °C) on physicochemical properties and protein structure of the extrudates were investigated. Corn gluten meal was texturized when the extrusion temperature reached 120 °C, and puffed when i ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133985

5. Room temperature synthesis of monolithic MIL-100(Fe) in aqueous solution for energy-efficient removal and recovery of aromatic volatile organic compounds

Author:
Xianming Zheng; Sadia Rehman; Pengyi Zhang
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2023 v.442 pp. 129998
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
activated carbon; adsorption; ambient temperature; aqueous solutions; benzene; bulk density; carbon fibers; centrifugation; energy efficiency; porosity; solvents; strength (mechanics); toluene; volatile organic compounds; xylene
Abstract:
... The removal and recovery of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are widely used in many industrials. Unfortunately, most conventional porous materials not only have low VOCs uptake, but also need to be regenerated at relatively high temperature. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have great potential for the removal and recovery of VOCs as their record-breaking gas adsorption capacity, easy regeneratio ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129998

6. Spatial heterogeneity in sediment and carbon accretion rates within a seagrass meadow correlated with the hydrodynamic intensity

Author:
Jiarui Lei; Rachel Schaefer; Phil Colarusso; Alyssa Novak; Juliet C. Simpson; Pere Masqué; Heidi Nepf
Source:
Science of the total environment 2023 v.854 pp. 158685
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
Zostera marina; bulk density; carbon sequestration; environment; hydrodynamics; kinetic energy; meadows; organic carbon; seagrasses; sediments; spatial variation; Massachusetts
Abstract:
... The majority of the carbon stored in seagrass sediments originates outside the meadow, such that the carbon storage capacity within a meadow is strongly dependent on hydrodynamic conditions that favor deposition and retention of fine organic matter within the meadow. By extension, if hydrodynamic conditions vary across a meadow, they may give rise to spatial gradients in carbon. This study conside ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158685

7. Abundance of mites, but not of collembolans or nematodes, is reduced by restoration of a Pinus ponderosa forest with thinning, mastication, and prescribed fire

Author:
Kara Skye Gibson; Nancy Collins Johnson; Channing Laturno; Robert R. Parmenter; Anita Antoninka
Source:
Trees, forests and people 2022 v.7 pp. 100190
ISSN:
2666-7193
Subject:
Collembola; Nematoda; Pinus ponderosa; bulk density; conservation areas; fauna; forest management; forest restoration; forests; grasses; habitats; mastication; mites; pH; prescribed burning; second growth; soil; soil organic matter; variance; wood; New Mexico
Abstract:
... Thinning, mastication, and prescribed fire are restoration treatments frequently employed in unnaturally dense second-growth Pinus ponderosa forests of the Western United States. Although a goal of these treatments is to restore ecosystem structure and function, little information is available regarding treatment effects on soil micro- and mesofauna, which comprise the overwhelming majority of met ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tfp.2022.100190

8. The Accumulation of Biomass Pre- and Post-Silking Associated with Gains in Yield for Both Seasons under Maize–Rice Double Cropping System

Author:
Yuling Han; Dong Guo; Fei Xia; Wei Ma; Akram Salah; Ming Zhan; Cougui Cao; Ming Zhao; Chuanyong Chen; Baoyuan Zhou
Source:
Agronomy 2022 v.12 no.6 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-4395
Subject:
Oryza sativa; Zea mays; agronomy; biomass; bulk density; corn; field experimentation; heat sums; net assimilation rate; nitrogen; plant growth; radiation use efficiency; rice; soil pH; total organic carbon; water use efficiency; Yangtze River
Abstract:
... Due to relatively low yield as well as low resources use efficiency with double rice (Oryza sativa L.) cropping systems (RR), exploring new cropping systems to increase yield and resources use efficiency simultaneously has become a large challenge of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River (MRYR). Our previous study demonstrated that the maize (Zea mays L.)–rice cropping system (MR) exhibited high ...
DOI:
10.3390/agronomy12061296

9. Acetaminophen degradation using bacterial strains isolated from winogradsky column and phytotoxicity analysis of dump site soil

Author:
Rajalakshmi Sridharan; Jemimah D. Peter; P. Senthil Kumar; Veena Gayathri Krishnaswamy
Source:
Chemosphere 2022 v.286 pp. 131570
ISSN:
0045-6535
Subject:
Staphylococcus hominis; acetaminophen; agricultural productivity; agricultural soils; bulk density; germination; heterotrophs; livelihood; marine environment; microorganisms; municipal solid waste; pH; phytotoxicity; pollution; porosity; soil fertility; streams; vigor; waste disposal sites
Abstract:
... The increase in pollution increased the threat level of living organisms in the environment. Municipal Solid Waste is one of the most important wastes which contribute to polluted sites affecting livelihood. They pollute the water stream, marine environment ecology, soil fertility, and agriculture production. This, in turn, reduces the microflora of the marine environment, agricultural soil, and f ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131570

10. Addition of mature compost improves the composting of green waste

Author:
Wan Yang; Lu Zhang
Source:
Bioresource technology 2022 v.350 pp. 126927
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; bulk density; composts; electrical conductivity; green waste; inoculum; organic matter; pH; phytotoxicity; porosity; technology; temperature
Abstract:
... Composting is an environmentally friendly and effective way to dispose of green waste (GW), but traditional composting of GW is slow and results in the loss of many nutrients and a poor-quality compost product. In this study, mature compost (MC), which may function as an inexpensive and readily available microbial inoculant, was added to GW at 15, 20, 25, and 30% (w/w, dry weight basis) (treatment ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126927

11. Adsorption of chemical oxygen demand from textile industrial wastewater through locally prepared bentonite adsorbent

Author:
A. Tebeje; Z. Worku; T. T. I. Nkambule; J. Fito
Source:
International journal of environmental science and technology 2022 v.19 no.3 pp. 1893-1906
ISSN:
1735-1472
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; adsorbents; adsorption; bentonite; bulk density; computer software; fabrics; freshwater; industrial effluents; industrial wastewater; industrialization; organic matter; pH; proximate composition; public health; regression analysis; sulfuric acid; surface area; textile industry; water content
Abstract:
... The rapid expansion of industrialization has a significant contribution to the economic development of many nations. But, the untreated discharge from the textile factory is severely impacting freshwater and public health. Therefore, this study was aimed to prepare activated bentonite for removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) from textile industrial wastewater, and the optimization process was s ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13762-021-03230-4

12. Advanced cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) aerogels: Bottom-up assembly perspective for production of adsorbents

Author:
Aref Abbasi Moud
Source:
International journal of biological macromolecules 2022 v.222 pp. 1-29
ISSN:
0141-8130
Subject:
adsorbents; adsorption; aerogels; bulk density; cellulose; cellulose nanofibers; conception; liquid crystals; nanocrystals; polymers; rheology; surface area; temperature; value added
Abstract:
... The most common and abundant polymer in nature is the linear polysaccharide cellulose, but processing it requires a new approach since cellulose degrades before melting and does not dissolve in ordinary organic solvents. Cellulose aerogels are exceptionally porous (>90 %), have a high specific surface area, and have low bulk density (0.0085 mg/cm³), making them suitable for a variety of sophistica ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.148

13. Aggregate stability in rainfall‐induced soil physical crusts on the Loess Plateau, Northwest China

Author:
Lin Chen; Feifei Xu; Jiande Li; Chang Yang; Jian Wang
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2022 v.86 no.3 pp. 528-539
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
aggregate stability; bulk density; erodibility; rain; rain intensity; rainfall duration; rainfall simulation; runoff; soil aggregates; China
Abstract:
... Comprehensive insights into the aggregate stability of physical crusts enhance the understanding of erosional processes and transport mechanisms. This study evaluated the erosion resistance and aggregate stability in structural and sedimentary crusts of a Lou soil induced by simulated rainfall. A runoff plot (200 cm long × 100 cm wide × 50 cm high) with a slope of 5° was set up to simulate contour ...
DOI:
10.1002/saj2.20389

14. Agriculture ecosystem models for CO2 sequestration, improving soil physicochemical properties, and restoring degraded land

Author:
Ram Swaroop Meena; Ashutosh Yadav; Sandeep Kumar; Manoj Kumar Jhariya; Surendra Singh Jatav
Source:
Ecological engineering 2022 v.176 pp. 106546
ISSN:
0925-8574
Subject:
Carissa carandas; Oryza sativa; Psidium guajava; Triticum aestivum; Vigna radiata; agroecosystems; bulk density; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; climate change; continuous cropping; credit; forest land; guavas; land degradation; mung beans; pastures; rice; soil organic carbon; sustainable agriculture; wheat
Abstract:
... Plans outlined in the conference of parties (COP) 26 included the restoration of degraded lands as one of the targets for achieving long-term food sustainability under climate change. The experiment aimed to assess carbon dioxide (CO₂) sequestration and improvement in soil physicochemical properties of agriculture ecosystem models. The results of the experiment shows that the bulk density (ρb) and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecoleng.2022.106546

15. Agriculture management and seasonal impact on soil properties, water, sediment and chemicals transport in a hazelnut orchard (Croatia)

Author:
Ivan Dugan; Paulo Pereira; Damia Barcelo; Leon Josip Telak; Vilim Filipovic; Lana Filipovic; Ivica Kisic; Igor Bogunovic
Source:
Science of the total environment 2022 v.839 pp. 156346
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
agroecosystems; barley straw; bulk density; cost effectiveness; environment; hazelnuts; iron; land degradation; mulches; nonpoint source pollution; orchards; pH; phosphorus; potassium; rainfall simulation; runoff; sediments; soil organic matter; soil water content; tillage; vegetation; water conservation; zinc; Croatia
Abstract:
... Soil and water conservation practices are key to agroecosystems sustainability and avoiding diffuse pollution. Here, we compare the impacts of different types of mulch, barley straw (Straw), wooden chips (Chip) and tillage (Till) on vegetation mulch cover (VMC); soil properties, bulk density (BD), mean weight diameter (MWD), water stable aggregates (WSA), soil water content (SWC), soil organic mat ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156346

16. Analysis of chemical, morphological, energy efficiency, and fuel properties of bamboo torrefaction

Author:
Sumaiya Sadika Tuly; Oishwarjya Ferdous; S.M. Abu Bakar Siddik; Md Azmain Ekhtader; Md Sazan Rahman; Md Rabiul Islam Sarker
Source:
Biofuels 2022 v.13 no.7 pp. 853-861
ISSN:
1759-7277
Subject:
Bambusa vulgaris; absorption; atmospheric pressure; bamboos; biofuels; biomass; bulk density; coal; combustion; differential thermal analysis; elemental composition; energy density; energy efficiency; hydrophobicity; porosity; temperature; thermogravimetry; torrefaction; weight loss
Abstract:
... This study evaluates the outcome of torrefaction as a thermochemical pretreatment to biomass conversion on the properties of Bambusa vulgaris (Bamboo) under nitrogen-inert environment at atmospheric pressure. The dark solid torrefied products were produced by processing for 20, 30 and 40 min under the temperatures of 240, 260, 280 and 300 °C. The optimal torrefaction conditions are obtained at 300 ...
DOI:
10.1080/17597269.2021.1992955

17. Analysis of structural, electrical, and levitation properties of (RE: Nd, Sm, Gd) BCO-358 superconducting ceramics prepared by a modified MPMG technique

Author:
Sezai Kutuk; Suleyman Bolat
Source:
Journal of materials science 2022 v.57 no.2 pp. 1198-1214
ISSN:
0022-2461
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; activation energy; bulk density; economics; electrical resistance; equations; light microscopes; magnetic fields; superconductivity; temperature
Abstract:
... RE₃(Nd, Sm, Gd)Ba₅Cu₈Oy (RE358) superconducting ceramics were prepared by a modified Melt-Powder-Melt-Growth (MPMG) technique. The structural properties of samples were examined with bulk density, an X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), a Polarized Optical Microscope (POM); their electrical properties were investigated with a four-point probe method; their levitation properties were measured with a closed- ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10853-021-06697-1

18. Analyzing Resilience in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem after the 1988 Wildfire in the Western U.S. Using Remote Sensing and Soil Database

Author:
Hang Li; James H. Speer; Ichchha Thapa
Source:
Land 2022 v.11 no.8 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-445X
Subject:
Inceptisols; Mollisols; USDA Forest Service; bulk density; burn severity; climate; databases; forest ecosystems; forest management; forests; grasslands; land; landscapes; soil organic matter; soil pH; temperature; topography; total nitrogen; variance; wildfires; Western United States
Abstract:
... The 1988 Yellowstone fire altered the structure of the local forest ecosystem and left large non-recovery areas. This study assessed the pre-fire drivers and post-fire characteristics of the recovery and non-recovery areas and examined possible reasons driving non-recovery of the areas post-fire disturbance. Non-recovery and recovery areas were sampled with 44,629 points and 77,501 points, from wh ...
DOI:
10.3390/land11081172

19. Are compacted tramlines underestimated features in soil erosion modeling? A catchment‐scale analysis using a process‐based soil erosion model

Author:
Philipp Saggau; Michael Kuhwald; Wolfgang Berengar Hamer; Rainer Duttmann
Source:
Land degradation & development 2022 v.33 no.3 pp. 452-469
ISSN:
1085-3278
Subject:
bulk density; land degradation; nutrient transport; runoff; sediments; soil conservation; soil erosion; soil erosion models; spatial data; watersheds
Abstract:
... Process‐based model ling has long been used as a well‐suited tool to simulate soil erosion. Despite a large number of scientific articles that emphasize the role of compacted tramlines for soil erosion and surficial nutrient transport, no study exists that integrates these artificial structures into process‐based modelling at catchment scales. Thus, this study aims to quantify the effects of traml ...
DOI:
10.1002/ldr.4161

20. Are topsoil spectra or soil-environmental factors better indicators for discrimination of soil classes?

Author:
Xiang Wang; Kaishan Song; Zongming Wang; Sijia Li; Miao Zheng; Zhidan Wen; Ge Liu
Source:
Catena 2022 v.218 pp. 106580
ISSN:
0341-8162
Subject:
bulk density; catenas; climate; models; principal component analysis; reflectance; soil organic matter; soil pH; soil texture; topography; topsoil; China
Abstract:
... Visible and near-infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy (350–2500 nm) is often used to discriminate different soil classes. Discrimination variables included generally reflectance, topographic factors, soil texture, and climate. In the present study, more soil properties, soil organic matter, soil pH, bulk density and thickness, were considered to build soil classes model, and the most important discrimi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.catena.2022.106580