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1. Children's playgrounds contain more microplastics than other areas in urban parks

Author:
Vera S. Koutnik; Jamie Leonard; Lea A. El Rassi; Michelle M. Choy; Jaslyn Brar; Joel B. Glasman; Win Cowger; Sanjay K. Mohanty
Source:
Science of the total environment 2023 v.854 pp. 158866
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
canopy; environment; leaves; microplastics; polyethylene; polypropylenes; population density; risk; sand; soil; trees
Abstract:
... Children spend many hours in urban parks and playgrounds, where the tree canopy could filter microplastics released from the surrounding urban hotspots. However, the majority of children's playgrounds also contain plastic structures that could potentially release microplastics. To assess if the children's playgrounds pose a higher exposure risk than other places inside the park, we evaluate the ex ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158866

2. Delaying tillering nitrogen topdressing until the midtillering phase improves nitrogen use efficiency and reduces ammonia emission via rice canopy recapture

Author:
Yuhua Tian; Xu Zhao; Bin Yin; Xiaoyuan Yan
Source:
European journal of agronomy 2023 v.142 pp. 126657
ISSN:
1161-0301
Subject:
agronomy; ammonia; biomass; canopy; field experimentation; grain yield; nitrogen; nitrogen fertilizers; nutrient use efficiency; panicles; rice; soil; tillering; total nitrogen; volatilization; wetlands
Abstract:
... Tillering nitrogen (N) topdressing is commonly employed to enhance primary-tiller number and achieve a high grain yield for wetland rice. Unfortunately, farmers typically apply N fertiliser shortly at tillering initiation following basal fertilisation, and substantial soil ammonia (NH₃) volatilisation occurs due to the low N demand of small plants. Herein, we hypothesised that delaying topdressing ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.eja.2022.126657

3. Estimation of the optimal leaf area index (LAI) of an eggplant canopy based on the relationship between the nighttime respiration and daytime photosynthesis of the lowermost leaves

Author:
Koichi NOMURA; Masashi ITO; Yusuke KUSABA; Masahiko SAITO; Makito MORI; Shinzo YAMANE; Tadashige IWAO; Ikunao TADA; Tomihiro YAMAZAKI; Masaharu KITANO
Source:
Scientia horticulturae 2023 v.307 pp. 111525
ISSN:
0304-4238
Subject:
canopy; carbon; eggplants; fruits; horticulture; leaf area index; models; photosynthesis; shortwave radiation
Abstract:
... In year-round horticultural fruit production, proper management of the leaf area index (LAI) is important to improve fruit yields. This study investigated the optimal LAI (LAIₒₚₜ) of an eggplant canopy based on the daily incoming solar radiation (ΣSₒᵤₜ) and the carbon balance of the lowermost leaves. A simple analytical LAIₒₚₜ model was developed by combining the Beer–Lambert law and a linear rela ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scienta.2022.111525

4. Evaluating biostimulants via high-throughput field phenotyping: Biophysical traits retrieval through PROSAIL inversion

Author:
Giulia Antonucci; Giorgio Impollonia; Michele Croci; Eleonora Potenza; Andrea Marcone; Stefano Amaducci
Source:
Smart agricultural technology 2023 v.3 pp. 100067
ISSN:
2772-3755
Subject:
artificial intelligence; canopy; drought; industry; irrigation; model validation; phenotype; radiative transfer; remote sensing; summer; tomatoes; uncertainty
Abstract:
... Drought management largely depends on the availability of timely, accurate and integrated information about its characteristics. Concurrently, biostimulants could represent a sustainable measure to foster the resilience of cropping systems under water-limited conditions. Nevertheless, scientific recognition of the potential of biostimulants has not grown as fast as the interest from industry: ther ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.atech.2022.100067

5. Interactive effects of precipitation and above canopy nitrogen deposition on understorey vascular plants in a jack pine (Pinus banksiana) forest in northern Alberta, Canada

Author:
Andrew M. McDonough; Shaun A. Watmough
Source:
Science of the total environment 2023 v.855 pp. 158708
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi; Maianthemum; Pinus banksiana; Vaccinium vitis-idaea; ammonium nitrate; canopy; climate; environment; forest litter; forests; lichens; mineralization; mosses and liverworts; nitrogen; risk assessment; species richness; throughfall; understory; vascular plants; Alberta
Abstract:
... Elevated nitrogen (N) deposition in the bituminous sands region of northern Alberta, Canada is localized but expected to increase over time. Here we seek to determine the effects of above canopy N deposition on understorey vascular plants in a jack pine (Pinus banksiana) stand in a five-year experimental study. Aqueous N (ammonium nitrate) was applied four times annually (May through October) via ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158708

6. Opportunities and challenges for harvest weed seed control in European cropping systems

Author:
Muhammad Javaid Akhter; Mette Sønderskov; Donato Loddo; Lena Ulber; Richard Hull; Per Kudsk
Source:
European journal of agronomy 2023 v.142 pp. 126639
ISSN:
1161-0301
Subject:
Galium aparine; Lolium rigidum; Silene noctiflora; agronomy; annual weeds; buried seeds; canopy; canopy height; chaff; herbicide application; herbicide resistance; herbicides; human health; integrated weed management; research and development; Australia; Europe
Abstract:
... The rapid increase of herbicide resistance in some of the most problematic annual weeds, and potential negative impacts of herbicides on human health and the environment have led growers to look for alternative non-chemical weed control. Harvest weed seed control (HWSC) is a non-chemical weed control tactic based on reduction of seed return of primarily annual weed species to the soil seed bank th ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.eja.2022.126639

7. Quantifying the impact of frost damage during flowering on apple yield in Shaanxi province, China

Author:
Renwei Chen; Jing Wang; Yang Li; Yang Song; Mingxia Huang; Puyu Feng; Zhenjiang Qu; Lu Liu
Source:
European journal of agronomy 2023 v.142 pp. 126642
ISSN:
1161-0301
Subject:
agronomy; apples; canopy; frost; frost injury; fruits; models; phenology; temperature; China
Abstract:
... Frost damage during flowering is recognized as one of the most serious agro-meteorological disasters affecting apple production in Shaanxi province, a typical apple producing area in China. Quantitative assessments of flowering frost damage to apple yield are critical for the development of strategies on mitigating yield losses, but have been rarely conducted. For the first time, our study used th ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.eja.2022.126642

8. Short-term recovery of soil and pine tree canopy after late prescribed burning in a semi-arid landscape

Author:
Á. Fajardo-Cantos; E. Peña; J. de Las Heras; P.A. Plaza-Álvarez; J. González-Romero; M.E. Lucas-Borja; D. Moya
Source:
Science of the total environment 2023 v.855 pp. 159044
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
Pinus pinaster; canopy; carbon dioxide; climate change; employment; environment; forest management; fuel loading; fuels (fire ecology); hydraulic conductivity; infiltrometers; landscapes; soil respiration; trees; vegetation; Mediterranean region; Spain
Abstract:
... Climate change worsening due to global warming and progressive abandonment in rural areas mean that wildfires are increasing in extent and severity terms, and are one of the major disturbances in the Mediterranean Basin. To mitigate these disturbances, preventive management tools need to be used. Fire employment is being implemented, known as prescribed burnings, as forestry actions to change vege ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159044

9. Tree-level citrus yield prediction utilizing ground and aerial machine vision and machine learning

Author:
Vinay Vijayakumar; Yiannis Ampatzidis; Lucas Costa
Source:
Smart agricultural technology 2023 v.3 pp. 100077
ISSN:
2772-3755
Subject:
Citrus; algorithms; cameras; canopy; computer vision; data collection; fruits; industry; models; transportation; tree health; trees; yield forecasting
Abstract:
... Yield prediction of citrus provides critical information before harvest to growers and allied industry to predict the resources required for workers, storage, and transportation of the harvest. In this study, three machine learning (ML) based models were developed for tree-level citrus yield prediction: (i) Model-1 utilized UAV imagery; (ii) Model-2 utilized UAV imagery and ground-based fruit dete ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.atech.2022.100077
CHORUS:
10.1016/j.atech.2022.100077

10. Variability of turbulence dispersion characteristics during heavy haze process: A case study in Beijing

Author:
Lei Liu; Yu Shi; Zhe Zhang; Fei Hu
Source:
Journal of environmental sciences (China) 2023 v.124 pp. 440-450
ISSN:
1001-0742
Subject:
anisotropy; canopy; case studies; normal distribution; standard deviation; turbulent flow; winter; China
Abstract:
... The turbulent standard deviations and the turbulent third-order and fourth-order moments are the key turbulence dispersion parameters in Lagrangian dispersion models. However, the characteristics of these parameters under heavy haze conditions in urban areas have not been fully investigated, and the commonly used similarity relations of these parameters in models were based on observations in high ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jes.2021.10.034

11. Within-crown plasticity of hydraulic properties influence branch dieback patterns of two woody plants under experimental drought conditions

Author:
Gui-Qing Xu; Tu-Qiang Chen; Shen-Si Liu; Jie Ma; Yan Li
Source:
Science of the total environment 2023 v.854 pp. 158802
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
Haloxylon ammodendron; Populus; canopy; carbohydrates; dieback; drought; drought tolerance; environment; field experimentation; leaf water potential; photosynthesis; stomatal conductance; water stress
Abstract:
... In recent year, widespread declines of Populus bolleana Lauche trees (P. bolleana, which dieback from the top down) and Haloxylon ammodendron shrubs (H. ammodendron, which dieback starting from their outer canopy) have occurred. To investigate how both intra-canopy hydraulic changes and plasticity in hydraulic properties create differences in vulnerability between these two species, we conducted a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158802

12. The effect of Crataegus and Berberis canopy types on bioindicators of soil quality in a semi-arid climate

Author:
Yahya Kooch; Elham Ghaderi
Source:
Journal of arid environments 2023 v.208 pp. 104862
ISSN:
0140-1963
Subject:
Berberis; Crataegus; canopy; ecosystems; flora; land cover; microclimate; semiarid zones; shrublands; soil fauna; soil quality; soil temperature; soil water; topsoil; Africa; Europe; Iran; North America
Abstract:
... Crataegus and Berberis shrublands are natively distributed in Asia, Europe, North America and Africa. Despite the widespread distribution of these two species, the effect of pure and mixed canopy composition of these species on bioindicators of soil quality has received little attention. In the current research, the effect of pure [Crataegus (PC) and Berberis (PB)] and mixed [Crataegus and Berberi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jaridenv.2022.104862

13. 3D Assessment of Vine Training Systems Derived from Ground-Based RGB-D Imagery

Author:
Hugo Moreno; José Bengochea-Guevara; Angela Ribeiro; Dionisio Andújar
Source:
Agriculture (Basel) 2022 v.12 no.6 pp. -
ISSN:
2077-0472
Subject:
Vitis vinifera; agriculture; biomass; cameras; canopy; computer vision; crop management; crop yield; phenology; vegetation; vines; vineyards
Abstract:
... In the field of computer vision, 3D reconstruction of crops plays a crucially important role in agriculture. On-ground assessment of geometrical features of vineyards is of vital importance to generate valuable information that enables producers to take the optimum actions in terms of agricultural management. A training system of vines (Vitis vinifera L.), which involves pruning and a trellis syst ...
DOI:
10.3390/agriculture12060798

14. 3D characterization of crop water use and the rooting system in field agronomic research

Author:
Dongxue Zhao; Joseph X Eyre; Erin Wilkus; Peter de Voil; Ian Broad; Daniel Rodriguez
Source:
Computers and electronics in agriculture 2022 pp. 107409
ISSN:
0168-1699
Subject:
agriculture; algorithms; arid lands; canopy; cost effectiveness; data collection; developmental stages; electronics; field crops; field experimentation; genotype; irrigation; neural networks; phenotype; plant available water; plant density; prediction; remote sensing; soil depth; soil electrical conductivity; trees
Abstract:
... Most field crop phenotyping research has focused on the above-ground parts of crops, ignoring a “hidden half”: the rooting system and its activity. Here we propose and test a new approach to produce 3D characterizations of crop water use and root activity in large field genotype (G) by environment (E) by management (M) experimentation, using electromagnetic induction (EMI) instrument coupled with ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.compag.2022.107409

15. 3dCAP-Wheat: An Open-Source Comprehensive Computational Framework Precisely Quantifies Wheat Foliar, Nonfoliar, and Canopy Photosynthesis

Author:
Tian-Gen Chang; Zai Shi; Honglong Zhao; Qingfeng Song; He Zhonghu; eroen Van Rie; Bart Den Boer; Alexander Galle; Xin-Guang Zhu
Source:
Plant phenomics 2022 v.2022 pp. -
ISSN:
2643-6515
Subject:
canopy; gas exchange; models; phenomics; photosynthesis; plant architecture; plant height; respiratory rate; tillering; weather; wheat
Abstract:
... Canopy photosynthesis is the sum of photosynthesis of all above-ground photosynthetic tissues. Quantitative roles of nonfoliar tissues in canopy photosynthesis remain elusive due to methodology limitations. Here, we develop the first complete canopy photosynthesis model incorporating all above-ground photosynthetic tissues and validate this model on wheat with state-of-the-art gas exchange measure ...
DOI:
10.34133/2022/9758148

16. Abiotic Factors Influence Thermal Conditions Determining Site Occupancy of Plestiodon fasciatus at High-Latitude Range Limits

Author:
Joshua V. Feltham; Joseph J. Nocera
Source:
Herpetologica 2022 v.78 no.1 pp. 9-20
ISSN:
1938-5099
Subject:
Plestiodon; age structure; canopy; climate change; ectothermy; environmental factors; geographical distribution; habitats; latitude; mark-recapture studies; population density; population dynamics; population size; Ontario
Abstract:
... Climate change has historically resulted in the expansion, contraction, and shift of species ranges. High-latitude range limits in areas where no physical barrier prevents dispersal are of particular interest in light of species range contraction or expansion because they represent limits that may inhibit occupancy. MacArthur proposed that abiotic factors have a greater influence on species distri ...
DOI:
10.1655/Herpetologica-D-21-00032.1

17. Above-Ground Biomass Prediction for Croplands at a Sub-Meter Resolution Using UAV–LiDAR and Machine Learning Methods

Author:
Jaime C. Revenga; Katerina Trepekli; Stefan Oehmcke; Rasmus Jensen; Lei Li; Christian Igel; Fabian Cristian Gieseke; Thomas Friborg
Source:
Remote Sensing 2022 v.14 no.16 pp. -
ISSN:
2072-4292
Subject:
aboveground biomass; canopy; data collection; ecosystems; lidar; models; phenology; phenotype; precision agriculture; prediction; reflectance; regression analysis; Denmark
Abstract:
... Current endeavors to enhance the accuracy of in situ above-ground biomass (AGB) prediction for croplands rely on close-range monitoring surveys that use unstaffed aerial vehicles (UAVs) and mounted sensors. In precision agriculture, light detection and ranging (LiDAR) technologies are currently used to monitor crop growth, plant phenotyping, and biomass dynamics at the ecosystem scale. In this stu ...
DOI:
10.3390/rs14163912

18. Aboveground carbon responses to experimental and natural hurricane impacts in a subtropical wet forest in Puerto Rico

Author:
Hervé Chevalier; Nicholas V. L. Brokaw; Sheila E. Ward; Jess K. Zimmerman; Aaron B. Shiels; John Bithorn; Samuel Matta Carmona
Source:
Ecosphere 2022 v.13 no.4 pp. e4041
ISSN:
2150-8925
Subject:
Magnoliopsida; biomass; canopy; carbon; carbon sequestration; climate change; detritus; ecosystems; forest litter; hurricanes; regrowth; species recruitment; tropical forests; Puerto Rico
Abstract:
... Climate change and disturbance make it difficult to project long‐term patterns of carbon sequestration in tropical forests, but large ecosystem experiments in these forests can inform predictions. The Canopy Trimming Experiment (CTE) manipulates two key components of hurricane disturbance, canopy openness and detritus deposition, in a tropical forest in Puerto Rico. We documented how the CTE and a ...
DOI:
10.1002/ecs2.4041

19. Above‐ and belowground drivers of intraspecific trait variability across subcontinental gradients for five ubiquitous forest plants in North America

Author:
Françoise Cardou; Alison D. Munson; Laura Boisvert‐Marsh; Madhur Anand; André Arsenault; F. Wayne Bell; Yves Bergeron; Isabelle Boulangeat; Sylvain Delagrange; Nicole J. Fenton; Dominique Gravel; Benoît Hamel; François Hébert; Jill F. Johnstone; Bright B. Kumordzi; S. Ellen Macdonald; Azim Mallik; Anne C. S. McIntosh; Jennie R. McLaren; Christian Messier; Dave Morris; Bill Shipley; Luc Sirois; Nelson Thiffault; Isabelle Aubin
Source:
journal of ecology 2022 v.110 no.7 pp. 1590-1605
ISSN:
0022-0477
Subject:
canopy; climate; environmental factors; forests; leaves; soil; specific leaf area; understory; vascular plants; Canada
Abstract:
... Intraspecific trait variability (ITV) provides the material for species' adaptation to environmental changes. To advance our understanding of how ITV can contribute to species' adaptation to a wide range of environmental conditions, we studied five widespread understorey forest species exposed to both continental‐scale climate gradients, and local soil and disturbance gradients. We investigated th ...
DOI:
10.1111/1365-2745.13894

20. Abundance of Benthic Algae in Forestry Watersheds and the Associated Forest Cover Factors

Author:
Guillermo Barrientos; Andrés Iroumé; Héctor Ulloa; Silvia Basualto; Oscar Parra
Source:
Forests 2022 v.13 no.3 pp. -
ISSN:
1999-4907
Subject:
Pinus radiata; ammonium; canopy; forestry; forests; nitrates; pH; phosphorus; regression analysis; solar radiation; water; water quality; water temperature; Chile
Abstract:
... We analyzed the abundance of benthic algae in nine forested headwater watersheds in south-central Chile to study the relationship between the variability of the abundance of benthic algae and physicochemical parameters and forest cover factors. Between 10 November 2015 and 18 August 2016, we sampled benthic algae and physicochemical parameters in the streams and characterized forest cover factors ...
DOI:
10.3390/f13030378