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1. First Report of Fusarium verticillioides Causing Cucumber Fruit Rot in Sinaloa, Mexico

Author:
I. Cruz-Lachica; I. Márquez-Zequera; L. A. Osuna-García; G. Gomez-Gonzalez; J. M. Tovar-Pedraza; R. S. García-Estrada
Source:
Plant disease 2022 v.106 no.9 pp. 2524
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Cucumis sativus; Fusarium incarnatum; Fusarium verticillioides; actin; agar; bananas; calmodulin; conidia; corn; cucumbers; culture media; disease prevention; ear rot; flowers; food contamination; fruits; fumonisin B1; grain quality; greenhouses; internal transcribed spacers; mycelium; pathogenicity; pathogens; peptide elongation factors; sweet sorghum; Jordan; Mexico; Spain
Abstract:
... Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is a fruit crop with high consumption worldwide. Mexico had a cucumber production of 826,485 tonnes in 2019. In December 2020, in a greenhouse in Sinaloa State, 18% of Persian cucumber fruits were observed with rot symptoms and the development of cottony white mycelia at both ends similar to those described for Fusarium incarnatum (García-Estrada et al. 2021). Isolati ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-09-21-1935-PDN

2. Bioprospecting of xylanase producing fungal strains: Multilocus phylogenetic analysis and enzyme activity profiling

Author:
Meenal Rastogi; Smriti Shrivastava; Pratyoosh Shukla
Source:
Journal of basic microbiology 2022 v.62 no.2 pp. 150-161
ISSN:
0233-111X
Subject:
Aspergillus fumigatus; Aspergillus niger; Aspergillus tubingensis; Bayesian theory; actin; catalytic activity; corn; endo-1,4-beta-xylanase; enzyme activity; fungi; genes; hydrolysis; lignocellulose; pH; phylogeny; probability; saccharification; soil; submerged fermentation; vegetables; xylan
Abstract:
... The study aims to explore potential xylanase‐producing indigenous fungi isolated from soil and vegetable wastes containing plant degraded matter, reporting multilocus phylogenetic analysis and xylanase enzyme activity from selective strains. Four potential xylanolytic fungi were identified through distinct primary and secondary screening of 294 isolates obtained from the samples. Morphological cha ...
DOI:
10.1002/jobm.202100408

3. First Report of Epicoccum sorghinum Causing Leaf Sheath and Leaf Spot on Maize in China

Author:
T.-M. Chen; Y. J. Xie; Q. Sun; X.-C. Shi; S.-Y. Wang; P. Laborda
Source:
Plant disease 2021 v.105 no.11 pp. 3741
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Bipolaris; Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis var. parachinensis; Curvularia; Epicoccum sorghinum; Fusarium; Zea mays; actin; chlamydospores; chloramphenicol; conidia; corn; crop yield; culture media; disease incidence; growth chambers; internal transcribed spacers; leaf spot; leaves; models; pathogenicity; pathogens; phylogeny; pycnidia; relative humidity; rice; statistical analysis; taro; tea; trees; wheat; Brazil; China
Abstract:
... In November 2020, leaf sheath on maize (Zea mays) was detected in southeastern Jiangsu (Nantong municipality; 120.54° E, 31.58° N) in China. Physiologically mature plants, at 13 weeks of cultivation (harvest stage), exhibited red-brown lesions in stem and leaves, and dried-up stems. The symptoms were observed on approximately 95% of the maize plants in a 0.8 ha maize field surrounded by old sorghu ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-04-21-0746-PDN

4. First Characterisation of the Phoma Species Complex on Maize Leaves in Central Europe

Author:
Lucia Ramos Romero; Dagmar Tacke; Birger Koopmann; Andreas von Tiedemann
Source:
Pathogens 2021 v.10 no.9 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-0817
Subject:
Phoma; actin; biodiversity; bioenergy; calmodulin; corn; cultivation area; fungi; internal transcribed spacers; inventories; leaf spot; leaves; multilocus sequence typing; pathogenicity; phylogeny; ribosomal DNA; ribosomal RNA; Central European region
Abstract:
... In the last decade, the cultivated area of maize has increased in Central Europe due to its high yield potential and diverse uses for feed and bio-energy. This has led to more intense maize cultivation, with narrowed crop rotations resulting in the increase in maize leaf diseases. During 2012 and 2013, an inventory of maize leaf spot diseases was carried out in various regions in Central Europe. I ...
DOI:
10.3390/pathogens10091216

5. Stability evaluation of reference genes for real-time quantitative PCR normalization in Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Author:
Ben-shui SHU; Hai-kuo YU; Jing-hua DAI; Zi-ge XIE; Wan-qiang QIAN; Jin-tian LIN
Source:
Journal of integrative agriculture 2021 v.20 no.9 pp. 2471-2482
ISSN:
2095-3119
Subject:
Spodoptera frugiperda; actin; agriculture; corn; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; larvae; peptide elongation factors; pests; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; starvation; tubulin
Abstract:
... Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) is a reliable and widely used technique for analyzing the expression profiles of target genes in different species, and reference genes with stable expressions have been introduced for the normalization of the data. Therefore, stability evaluation should be considered as the initial step for qPCR experiments. The fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) ( ...
DOI:
10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63298-1

6. White muscle proteome analysis showing insights into the protein expression in orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) muscle

Author:
Yuan-Tih Ko; Shih-Chin Hsu; Bartosz Kazłowski; Fu-Hsiung Huang; Chyng-Hwa Liou
Source:
Food bioscience 2020 v.36 pp. 100655
ISSN:
2212-4292
Subject:
Epinephelus coioides; actin; adenylate cyclase; animal growth; aquaculture; blood chemistry; business enterprises; carbohydrates; corn; creatine kinase; fish; fish feeds; fish meal; homeostasis; low protein diet; muscles; myosin heavy chains; pH; plant source protein; production costs; protein synthesis; proteome; proteomics; structural proteins; tropomyosins; weight gain; wheat
Abstract:
... Replacing the fishmeal in fish feed with alternatives that have lower protein has become desirable to reduce production costs in aquaculture enterprises. Two diets were fed to orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) to analyze the effects on the blood biochemical parameters and white muscle proteome. A low protein diet (LP diet) replaced 30% fishmeal proteins with carbohydrates while a plant ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100655

7. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification: a rapid detection method for rice actin and nopaline synthase promoters in genetically modified crops

Author:
Monika Singh; Rajesh K. Bhoge; Sonia Nain; Gurinderjit Randhawa
Source:
Journal of plant biochemistry and biotechnology 2019 v.28 no.3 pp. 353-356
ISSN:
0971-7811
Subject:
Cauliflower mosaic virus; DNA; Figwort mosaic virus; actin; color; corn; cotton; detection limit; dyes; genetically modified plants; loop-mediated isothermal amplification; nopaline; rapid methods; rice; screening
Abstract:
... The commonly employed promoters in transgenic constructs such as Cauliflower Mosaic Virus 35S and Figwort Mosaic Virus promoters are not necessarily present in all the approved/upcoming genetically modified (GM) events. GM events of cotton and maize with rice actin (P-ract) and nopaline synthase (P-nos) promoters have been approved globally. The scope of screening assays is expanded to a diversifi ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13562-018-0479-1

8. MLKS2 is an ARM domain and F-actin-associated KASH protein that functions in stomatal complex development and meiotic chromosome segregation

Author:
Hardeep K. Gumber; Joseph F. McKenna; Andrea F. Tolmie; Alexis M. Jalovec; Andre C. Kartick; Katja Graumann; Hank W. Bass
Source:
Nucleus 2019 v.10 no.1 pp. 144-166
ISSN:
1949-1042
Subject:
Arabidopsis; absorbance; actin; chromosome segregation; corn; cortex; endoplasmic reticulum; fluorescence recovery after photobleaching; genetic analysis; genetic rescue; grasses; heterologous gene expression; males; meiosis; microtubules; models; mutants; nuclear membrane; phenotype; plant growth; pollen viability; prophase; root hairs; telomeres
Abstract:
... The linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex is an essential multi-protein structure spanning the eukaryotic nuclear envelope. The LINC complex functions to maintain nuclear architecture, positioning, and mobility, along with specialized functions in meiotic prophase and chromosome segregation. Members of the LINC complex were recently identified in maize, an important scientific a ...
DOI:
10.1080/19491034.2019.1629795
PubMed:
31221013
PubMed Central:
PMC6649574

9. Viability and pathogenicity of Rhynchosporium secalis after long-term storage

Author:
M. I. E. Arabi; H. Alek; E. Al-Shehadah; M. Jawhar
Source:
Acta phytopathologica et entomologica Hungarica 2019 v.54 no.2 pp. 195-201
ISSN:
1588-2691
Subject:
Ostrinia nubilalis; acetates; actin; adults; biosynthesis; corn; cytochrome b; cytochrome-c oxidase; delta11 desaturase; electroantennography; flight; gas chromatography; gene expression regulation; genes; genetic markers; isomers; mitochondria; mitochondrial DNA; monitoring; moths; nuclear genome; peptide elongation factors; pests; pheromone traps; screening; sex pheromones; sympatry; Central European region; Hungary; Slovenia
Abstract:
... Long-term storage of Rhynchosporium secalis cultures is a challenge for any lab managing a working collection of isolates. In this work, the viability and pathogenicity of R. secalis stock cultures were tested after four years of storage at −20 °C in different concentrations of glycerol. Germinability were measured after each storage by collecting spores by coverslips and placing them on water aga ...
DOI:
10.1556/038.54.2019.011

10. Effects of β-Sitosterol from Corn Silk on TGF-β1-Induced Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Lung Alveolar Epithelial Cells

Author:
Yong Joo Park; In Jae Bang; Mi Ho Jeong; Ha Ryong Kim; Da Eun Lee; Jong Hwan Kwak; Kyu Hyuck Chung
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2019 v.67 no.35 pp. 9789-9795
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
Zea mays; actin; beta-sitosterol; cadherins; collagen; corn; epithelial cells; epithelium; extracellular matrix; fibronectins; fibrosis; humans; lungs; muscles; protein synthesis; respiratory tract diseases; signal transduction; stigma; styles (flowers); therapeutics; transforming growth factor beta 1; vimentin
Abstract:
... Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic lung disease characterized by abnormal accumulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Chronic damage of the alveolar epithelium leads to a process called “epithelial–mesenchymal transition” (EMT) and increases synthesis and deposition of ECM proteins. Therefore, inhibition of EMT might be a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. β-S ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02730

11. Functional diversification of the kinesin‐14 family in land plants

Author:
Allison M. Gicking; Kyle W. Swentowsky; R. Kelly Dawe; Weihong Qiu
Source:
FEBS letters 2018 v.592 no.12 pp. 1918-1928
ISSN:
0014-5793
Subject:
actin; centrosomes; chloroplasts; chromosome segregation; corn; dynein ATPase; eukaryotic cells; microtubules; morphogenesis
Abstract:
... In most eukaryotes, cytoplasmic dynein serves as the primary cytoskeletal motor for minus‐end‐directed processes along microtubules. However, land plants lack dynein, having instead a large number of kinesin‐14s, which suggests that kinesin‐14s may have evolved to fill the cellular niche left by dynein. In addition, land plants do not have centrosomes, but contain specialized microtubule‐based str ...
DOI:
10.1002/1873-3468.13094

12. Genetic transformation of einkorn (Triticum monococcum L. ssp. monococcum L.), a diploid cultivated wheat species

Author:
Dmitry Miroshnichenko; Danila Ashin; Alexander Pushin; Sergey Dolgov
Source:
BMC biotechnology 2018 v.18 no.1 pp. 68
ISSN:
1472-6750
Subject:
Triticum monococcum subsp. monococcum; actin; bialaphos; biotechnology; corn; culture media; diploidy; gene editing; gene expression; genetic markers; genetic polymorphism; genetic transformation; genomics; grain crops; green fluorescent protein; homozygosity; inheritance (genetics); loci; models; plasmids; proteomics; reporter genes; resistance genes; rice; spring; tissues; transgenes; transgenesis; transgenic plants; ubiquitin; wheat
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Domesticated einkorn (Triticum monococcum L.) is one of the oldest cultivated cereal crops in the world. Its small genome size (~ 5.7 GB), low ploidy (2n = 2x = 14, AᵐAᵐ) and high genetic polymorphism make this species very attractive for use as a diploid model for understanding the genomics and proteomics of Triticeae. Einkorn, however, is still a recalcitrant monocotyledonous species ...
DOI:
10.1186/s12896-018-0477-3
PubMed:
30352590
PubMed Central:
PMC6199808

13. Screening some Common Molecular Markers and a Desaturase Marker, Linked to Sex Pheromone Biosynthesis, in Three Z-Strain and an E-Strain Populations of the European Corn Borer, Ostrinia nubilalis, Occurring in Central Europe [Erratum: August 2021, v.56(4-61), p.109]

Author:
G. Bozsik; A. Lakatos; G. Szőcs; I. Tóbiás
Source:
Acta phytopathologica et entomologica Hungarica 2019 v.54 no.1 pp. 127-136
ISSN:
1588-2691
Subject:
Ostrinia nubilalis; actin; biosynthesis; corn; cytochrome b; electroantennography; flight; gas chromatography; gene expression regulation; genes; internal transcribed spacers; mitochondria; moths; nuclear genome; peptide elongation factors; sex pheromones; sympatry; Central European region; Hungary; Slovenia
Abstract:
... The European corn borer moth, (ECB), Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae, Pyraustinae) is one of the most destructive pests of maize worldwide. ECB has two pheromone-strains, separated by specific ratios of isomers of E- and Z11-tetradecenyl acetates (E11- and Z11-14Ac), but appearing morphologically identical. Accordingly, E- and Z-ECB pheromone traps are available for the respective popul ...
DOI:
10.1556/038.54.2019.911

14. Determination by molecular methods of genetic and epigenetic changes caused by heavy metals released from thermal power plants

Author:
Hüseyin Bulut; Nalan Yıldırım Doğan
Source:
Han'guk Ŭngyong Saengmyŏng Hwahakhoe chi = 2018 v.61 no.2 pp. 189-196
ISSN:
1738-2203
Subject:
abiotic stress; actin; burning; cadmium; chromium; concrete; copper; corn; energy; epigenetics; essential genes; gene expression; genotoxicity; heavy metals; iron; lead; lignite; manganese; nickel; pesticides; power plants; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; wheat; zinc
Abstract:
... The heavy metals are released into the environment due to the activities such as meeting the increasing demand for energy, industrial activities, and agricultural pesticides. In many studies, the heavy metals have been proven to have genotoxic effects. As a result of burning the lignite coal in thermal power plants, the heavy metals of Cr, Fe, Mn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn, and Ni are spread into the environ ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13765-018-0346-8

15. Development of a screening method for the monitoring of 38 genetically modified maize events in food and feed in South Korea

Author:
Saet-Byul Park; Hae-Yeong Kim; Jae-Hwan Kim
Source:
Food control 2017 v.73 pp. 1459-1465
ISSN:
0956-7135
Subject:
Agrobacterium radiobacter; Bacillus thuringiensis; Cauliflower mosaic virus; DNA; Streptomyces hygroscopicus; Streptomyces viridochromogenes; actin; corn; detection limit; heat shock proteins; ingredients; monitoring; nopaline; phosphinothricin acetyltransferase; polymerase chain reaction; potatoes; proteinase inhibitors; rice; screening; seeds; structural genes; transgenic plants; wheat; South Korea
Abstract:
... A multiplex PCR system was developed to trace GM maize events in food and feed. Genetic elements of 38 single GM maize events were investigated, and 10 screening targets were selected as follows: promoters [Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S, rice actin 1 gene (rAct1)], terminators [CaMV 35S, Agrobacterium nopaline synthase (nos), proteinase inhibitor II of potato (PinII), heat shock protein 17 o ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodcont.2016.11.009

16. Expression characterization of the herbicide tolerance gene Aryloxyalkanoate Dioxygenase (aad-1) controlled by seven combinations of regulatory elements

Author:
Delkin O. Gonzalez; Jeff B. Church; Andrew Robinson; James P. Connell; Megan Sopko; Boyd Rowland; Kristina Woodall; Cory M. Larsen; John P. Davies
Source:
BMC plant biology 2018 v.18 no.1 pp. 14
ISSN:
1471-2229
Subject:
Sugarcane bacilliform virus; actin; corn; developmental stages; enzyme activity; gene expression; genes; genetically modified organisms; greenhouse production; herbicide resistance; herbicides; melons; plant health; regulatory sequences; rice; tissues; translation (genetics); ubiquitin
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Availability of well characterized maize regulatory elements for gene expression in a variety of tissues and developmental stages provides effective alternatives for single and multigene transgenic concepts. We studied the expression of the herbicide tolerance gene aryloxyalkanoate dioxygenase (aad-1) driven by seven different regulatory element construct designs including the ubiquiti ...
DOI:
10.1186/s12870-018-1227-3
PubMed:
29334902
PubMed Central:
PMC5769356

17. Expression of endogenous proteins in maize hybrids in a multi-location field trial in India

Author:
Linga R. Gutha; Divakar Purushottam; Aruna Veeramachaneni; Sarita Tigulla; Vikas Kodappully; Chandana Enjala; Hitendrasinh Rajput; Jennifer Anderson; Bonnie Hong; Jean Schmidt; Shveta Bagga
Source:
Transgenic research 2018 v.27 no.4 pp. 331-342
ISSN:
0962-8819
Subject:
actin; corn; crops; developmental stages; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; field experimentation; genotype; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; growing season; hybrids; leaves; models; peptide elongation factors; plant tissues; safety assessment; transgenic plants; India
Abstract:
... Genetically modified (GM) crops undergo large scale multi-location field trials to characterize agronomics, composition, and the concentration of newly expressed protein(s) [herein referred to as transgenic protein(s)]. The concentration of transgenic proteins in different plant tissues and across the developmental stages of the plant is considered in the safety assessment of GM crops. Reference o ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11248-018-0077-y

18. Susceptibility of Maize Mesocotyl Culture to Agrobacterium Transformation and Its in vitro Regeneration

Author:
V. N. Ovchinnikova; V. S. Sotchenko; Yu. V. Sotchenko; N. V. Varlamova; M. A. Rodionova; P. N. Kharchenko
Source:
Applied biochemistry and microbiology 2018 v.54 no.8 pp. 808-815
ISSN:
0003-6838
Subject:
2,4-D; Agrobacterium radiobacter; actin; antibiotic resistance; corn; cytokinins; defoliants; explants; in vitro regeneration; indole acetic acid; indole butyric acid; mesocotyls; polymerase chain reaction; reporter genes; resistance genes; rice; rooting; shoots; thidiazuron
Abstract:
... The capacity of mesocotyls to agrobacterially transform four maize lines 4766, RB-179, L-1, L-2 and the conditions for their in vitro regeneration have been studied. Regeneration of maize mesocotyls was observed in media containing various auxins and cytokinins combinations. The efficiency of the process depended on the qualitative and quantitative compositions of growth regulators. The frequency ...
DOI:
10.1134/S0003683818080057

19. The third vegetative generation of a field-grown transgenic pineapple clone shows minor side effects of transformation on plant physiological parameters

Author:
Lourdes Yabor; Bárbara Valle; René Carlos Rodríguez; Carlos Aragón; Jutta Papenbrock; Christoph C. Tebbe; José Carlos Lorenzo
Source:
Plant cell, tissue, and organ culture 2016 v.125 no.2 pp. 303-308
ISSN:
0167-6857
Subject:
actin; adverse effects; callus; carbon dioxide; chitinase; chlorophyll; corn; cultivars; fungi; genes; genetic engineering; leaves; pH; pesticides; pineapples; sap; transgenic plants; transpiration; water content; water use efficiency
Abstract:
... Genetic modifications of pineapple provide the potential to increase fungal resistance without the use of pesticides. Previously, we developed a procedure for pineapple callus transformation, introducing the antifungal chitinase and AP24 genes, and the herbicide-tolerance conferring bar gene as a selectable marker. The three recombinant genes were under the control of the constitutively expressing ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11240-016-0950-4

20. Population structure and Aflatoxin production by Aspergillus Sect. Flavi from maize in Nigeria and Ghana

Author:
Giancarlo Perrone; Miriam Haidukowski; Gaetano Stea; Filomena Epifani; Ranajit Bandyopadhyay; John F. Leslie; Antonio Logrieco
Source:
Food microbiology 2014 v.41 pp. 52-59
ISSN:
0740-0020
Subject:
Aspergillus flavus; Aspergillus tamarii; actin; acute toxicity; aflatoxin G1; calmodulin; carcinogens; chronic exposure; corn; crops; farmers; farms; genes; markets; multilocus sequence typing; population structure; risk; sclerotia; tubulin; Eastern Africa; Ghana; Nigeria
Abstract:
... Aflatoxins are highly toxic carcinogens that contaminate crops worldwide. Previous studies conducted in Nigeria and Ghana found high concentrations of aflatoxins in pre- and post-harvest maize. However, little information is available on the population structure of Aspergillus Sect. Flavi in West Africa. We determined the incidence of Aspergillus Sect. Flavi and the level of aflatoxin contaminatio ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fm.2013.12.005

21. Screening promoters for Anthurium transformation using transient expression

Author:
Tracie K. Matsumoto; Lisa M. Keith; Roxana Y. M. Cabos; Jon Y. Suzuki; Dennis Gonsalves; Roger Thilmony
Source:
Plant cell reports 2013 v.32 no.3 pp. 443-451
ISSN:
0721-7714
Subject:
Anthurium andraeanum; Cauliflower mosaic virus; actin; beta-glucuronidase; corn; plasmids; reporter genes; rice; roots; somatic embryos; ubiquitin
Abstract:
... KEY MESSAGE : There are multiple publications on Anthurium transformation, yet a commercial product has not been achieved. This may be due to use of non-optimum promoters here we address this problem. Different promoters and tissue types were evaluated for transient β-glucuronidase (GUS) expression in Anthurium andraeanum Hort. ‘Marian Seefurth’ following microprojectile bombardment. Plasmids cont ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00299-012-1376-z
PubMed:
23283558

22. The relationship between PMI (manA) gene expression and optimal selection pressure in Indica rice transformation

Author:
Huaping Gui; Xia Li; Yubo Liu; Kai Han; Xianggan Li
Source:
Plant cell reports 2014 v.33 no.7 pp. 1081-1090
ISSN:
0721-7714
Subject:
Escherichia coli; actin; corn; gene expression; genes; leaves; mannose; protein synthesis; rice; ubiquitin
Abstract:
... KEY MESSAGE : An efficient mannose selection system was established for transformation of Indica cultivar IR58025B . Different selection pressures were required to achieve optimum transformation frequency for different PMI selectable marker cassettes. This study was conducted to establish an efficient transformation system for Indica rice, cultivar IR58025B. Four combinations of two promoters, ric ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00299-014-1596-5
PubMed:
24643423

23. The Absence of Heat Shock Protein HSP101 Affects the Proteome of Mature and Germinating Maize Embryos

Author:
Lázaro-Mixteco Pedro E.; Nieto-Sotelo Jorge; Swatek Kirby N.; Houston Norma L.; Mendoza-Hernández Guillermo; Thelen Jay J.; Dinkova Tzvetanka D.
Source:
Journal of Proteome Research 2012 v.11 no.6 pp. 3246-3258
ISSN:
1535-3907
Subject:
enzymes; seedlings; mass spectrometry; proteome; heat stress; actin; molecular weight; imbibition; Zea mays; messenger RNA; corn; root growth; proteomics; heat shock proteins; seed germination; translation (genetics); protein synthesis; embryo (plant); cytokinins; mutants
Abstract:
... Maize heat shock protein HSP101 accumulates during embryo maturation and desiccation and persists at high levels during the first 24 h following kernel imbibition in the absence of heat stress. This protein has a known function in disaggregation of high molecular weight complexes and has been proposed to be a translational regulator of specific mRNAs. Here, a global proteomic approach was used to ...
DOI:
10.1021/pr3000046

24. Selection of reliable reference genes for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction studies in maize grains

Author:
Vanessa Galli; Rafael da Silva Messias; Sérgio Delmar dos Anjos e Silva; Cesar Valmor Rombaldi
Source:
Plant cell reports 2013 v.32 no.12 pp. 1869-1877
ISSN:
0721-7714
Subject:
actin; biofortification; carotenoids; children; computer software; corn; developmental stages; gene expression; genes; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; landraces; metabolic engineering; phytoene synthase; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; seed development; surveys; tubulin; vitamin deficiencies
Abstract:
... KEY MESSAGE : The stability of candidate reference genes was evaluated in maize landrace varieties and during multiple grain developmental stages to evaluate the expression of carotenoid-related genes by RT-qPCR for application to maize biofortification. Vitamin A deficiency affects millions of children worldwide; therefore, increasing the content of vitamin A precursors in maize grains is of inte ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00299-013-1499-x
PubMed:
24013792

25. The dynamic fungal cell

Author:
Gero Steinberg; Martin Schuster
Source:
Fungal biology reviews 2011 v.25 no.1 pp. 14-37
ISSN:
1749-4613
Subject:
Ustilago zeae; actin; cell movement; corn; endoplasmic reticulum; fungi; interphase; microtubules; mitosis; pathogens; physiological transport; plasma membrane; researchers
Abstract:
... Filamentous fungi are fascinating organisms that combine technical amenability with interesting biology and economical and ecological importance. In recent years, intensive research has rapidly extended our knowledge in many of the sub-disciplines in fungal sciences. An upcoming challenge is the integration of this detailed information in a more holistic understanding of the organisation and funct ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fbr.2011.01.008

26. Effects of low-energy argon ion implantation on the dynamic organization of the actin cytoskeleton during maize pollen germination

Author:
Deng, F.; Zhu, S.W.; Wu, L.J.; Cheng, B.J.
Source:
Genetics and molecular research 2010 v.9 no.2 pp. 785-796
ISSN:
1676-5680
Subject:
Zea mays; actin; corn; genetics; microfilaments; pollen; pollen tubes; polymerization; research; viability
Abstract:
... The relationship between pollen germination and the dynamic organization of the actin cytoskeleton during pollen germination is a central theme in plant reproductive biology research. Maize (Zea mays) pollen grains were implanted with 30 keV argon ion (Ar+) beams at doses ranging from 0.78 × 10(15) to 13 × 10(15) ions/cm2. The effects of low-energy ion implantation on pollen germination viability ...
DOI:
10.4238/vol9-2gmr768

27. The Myosin Motor Domain of Fungal Chitin Synthase V Is Dispensable for Vesicle Motility but Required for Virulence of the Maize Pathogen Ustilago maydis

Author:
Treitschke, Steffi; Doehlemann, Gunther; Schuster, Martin; Steinberg, Gero
Source:
plant cell 2010 v.22 no.7 pp. 2476-2494
ISSN:
1040-4651
Subject:
Ustilago zeae; actin; cell wall components; cell walls; chitin; chitin synthase; corn; exocytosis; fungi; hosts; microtubules; mutation; myosin; pathogens; plant response; quantitative analysis; virulence
Abstract:
... Class V chitin synthases are fungal virulence factors required for plant infection. They consist of a myosin motor domain fused to a membrane-spanning chitin synthase region that participates in fungal cell wall formation. The function of the motor domain is unknown, but it might deliver the myosin chitin synthase-attached vesicles to the growth region. Here, we analyze the importance of both doma ...
DOI:
10.1105/tpc.110.075028
PubMed:
20663961
PubMed Central:
PMC2929105

28. Methods for Determining Relative Average Number of Channels per Maize Starch Granule and Digestion of Raw Granules of Mutant Maize Cultivars by Amyloglucosidase

Author:
Widya, Yenny; Gunawan, Ninik; BeMiller, James N.
Source:
Cereal chemistry 2010 v.87 no.3 pp. 194-203
ISSN:
0009-0352
Subject:
polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; Western blotting; outer membrane proteins; extracts; glucosidases; genotype; actin; molecular weight; microstructure; cultivars; Zea mays; corn starch; quantitative analysis; amylose; corn; inbred lines; accuracy; starch granules; grain crops; laboratory techniques; mutants; genetic variation
Abstract:
... Six methods were investigated for determining the relative average numbers of channels per granule in populations of starch granules. The first method involved digestion of raw starch granules with amyloglucosidase. There were differences in the rates of digestion of starch of the same mutation in two different inbred-line backgrounds, but we concluded that a better method was needed. Three method ...
DOI:
10.1094/CCHEM-87-3-0194

29. Nitric oxide modulates dynamic actin cytoskeleton and vesicle trafficking in a cell type-specific manner in root apices

Author:
Kasprowicz, Anna; Szuba, Agnieszka; Volkmann, Dieter; Baluška, František; Wojtaszek, Przemysław
Source:
Journal of experimental botany 2009 v.60 no.6 pp. 1605-1617
ISSN:
0022-0957
Subject:
Zea mays; polysaccharides; nitric oxide; fluorescence; eukaryotic cells; corn; microfilaments; endocytosis; endodermis; actin; immunocytochemistry; roots
Abstract:
... NO is an important regulatory molecule in eukaryotes. Much of its effect is ascribed to the action of NO as a signalling molecule. However, NO can also directly modify proteins thus affecting their activities. Although the signalling functions of NO are relatively well recognized in plants, very little is known about its potential influence on the structural integrity of plant cells. In this study ...
DOI:
10.1093/jxb/erp033
PubMed:
19261922
PubMed Central:
PMC2671617

30. Different Effects of Aluminum on the Actin Cytoskeleton and Brefeldin A-Sensitive Vesicle Recycling in Root Apex Cells of Two Maize Varieties Differing in Root Elongation Rate and Aluminum Tolerance

Author:
Amenós, Montse; Corrales, Isabel; Poschenrieder, Charlotte; Illéš, Peter; Baluška, Frantisek; Barceló, Juan
Source:
Plant & cell physiology 2009 v.50 no.3 pp. 528-540
ISSN:
0032-0781
Subject:
actin; aluminum; brefeldin A; corn; endocytosis; endosomes; growth retardation; microfilaments; pectins; root growth; root tips; toxicity
Abstract:
... A relationship between aluminum (Al) toxicity, endocytosis, endosomes and vesicle recycling in the root transition zone has recently been demonstrated. Here the importance of filamentous actin (F-actin)-based vesicle trafficking for Al tolerance has been investigating in maize varieties differing in their Al sensitivities. More Al was internalized into root tip cells of the Al-sensitive variety 16 ...
DOI:
10.1093/pcp/pcp013

31. Expression of a fungal ferulic acid esterase increases cell wall digestibility of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea)

Author:
Buanafina, Marcia M. de O.; Langdon, Tim; Hauck, Barbara; Dalton, Sue; Morris, Phillip
Source:
Plant biotechnology journal 2008 v.6 no.3 pp. 264-280
ISSN:
1467-7644
Subject:
Aspergillus niger; Cauliflower mosaic virus; Festuca arundinacea; actin; arabinoxylan; bioethanol; cell death; cell walls; corn; crosslinking; digestibility; endo-1,4-beta-xylanase; esterification; ethanol production; ferulic acid; feruloyl esterase; forage grasses; fungi; lignin; rice; ruminants; ubiquitin; vacuoles
Abstract:
... In the cell walls of forage grasses, ferulic acid is esterified to arabinoxylans and participates with lignin monomers in oxidative coupling pathways to generate ferulate-polysaccharide-lignin complexes that cross-link the cell wall. Such cross-links hinder cell wall degradation by ruminant microbes, reducing plant digestibility. In this study, genetically modified Festuca arundinacea plants were ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1467-7652.2007.00317.x
PubMed:
18086237

32. Visualisation of plastids in endosperm, pollen and roots of transgenic wheat expressing modified GFP fused to transit peptides from wheat SSU RubisCO, rice FtsZ and maize ferredoxin III proteins

Author:
Primavesi, Lucia F.; Wu, Huixia; Mudd, Elisabeth A.; Day, Anil; Jones, Huw D.
Source:
Transgenic research 2008 v.17 no.4 pp. 529-543
ISSN:
0962-8819
Subject:
actin; antibodies; chloroplasts; corn; endosperm; ferredoxins; fluorescence; leaves; peptides; pollen; protein synthesis; ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase; rice; roots; tissues; transgenic plants; wheat
Abstract:
... The ability to target marker proteins to specific subcellular compartments is a powerful research tool to study the structure and development of organelles. Here transit sequences from nuclear-encoded, plastid proteins, namely rice FtsZ, maize non-photosynthetic ferredoxin III (FdIII) and the small subunit of RubisCO were used to target a modified synthetic GFP (S65G, S72A) to plastids. The locali ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11248-007-9126-7
PubMed:
17710559

33. Actin Turnover-Mediated Gravity Response in Maize Root Apices:Gravitropism of Decapped Roots Implicates Gravisensing Outside of the Root Cap

Author:
Stefano Mancuso; Peter W. Barlow; Dieter Volkmann; František Baluška
Source:
Plant signaling & behavior 2006 v.1 no.2 pp. 52-58
ISSN:
1559-2324
Subject:
Zea mays; actin; adenosinetriphosphatase; corn; cytochalasin D; depolymerization; drugs; gravity; gravity sensing; microfilaments; myosin; phalloidine; polymerization; root cap; root growth
Abstract:
... The dynamic actin cytoskeleton has been proposed to be linked to gravity sensing in plants but the mechanistic understanding of these processes remains unknown. We have performed detailed pharmacological analyses of the role of the dynamic actin cytoskeleton in gravibending of maize (Zea mays) root apices. Depolymerization of actin filaments with two drugs having different mode of their actions, c ...
DOI:
10.4161/psb.1.2.2432
PubMed:
19521476
PubMed Central:
PMC2633879

34. Auxin Immunolocalization Implicates Vesicular Neurotransmitter-Like Mode of Polar Auxin Transport in Root Apices

Author:
Markus Schlicht; Miroslav Strnad; Michael J. Scanlon; Stefano Mancuso; Frank hochholdinger; Klaus Palme; Dieter Volkmann; Diedrik Menzel; František Baluška
Source:
Plant signaling & behavior 2006 v.1 no.3 pp. 122-133
ISSN:
1559-2324
Subject:
actin; antibodies; auxins; brefeldin A; corn; endocytosis; endosomes; mutants; plant root cells; roots; secretion; synaptic vesicles
Abstract:
... Immunolocalization of auxin using a new specific antibody revealed, besides the expected diffuse cytoplasmic signal, the enrichment of auxin at cross-walls (end-poles, plant-synapses), within endosomes, and within nuclei of those root apex cells which accumulate abundant F-actin at their synapses. In Brefeldin A (BFA) treated roots, a strong auxin signal was scored within BFA compartments of cells ...
DOI:
10.4161/psb.1.3.2759
PubMed:
19521492
PubMed Central:
PMC2635008

35. Development and Characterization of a CP4 EPSPS-Based, Glyphosate-Tolerant Corn Event

Author:
G. R. Heck; C. L. Armstrong; J. D. Astwood; C. F. Behr; J. T. Bookout; S. M. Brown; T. A. Cavato; D. L. DeBoer; M. Y. Deng; C. George; J. R. Hillyard; C. M. Hironaka; A.R. Howe; E. H. Jakse; B. E. Ledesma; T. C. Lee; R. P. Lirette; M. L. Mangano; J. N. Mutz; Y. Qi; R. E. Rodriguez; S. R. Sidhu; A. Silvanovich; M. A. Stoecker; R. A. Yingling; J. You
Source:
Crop science 2005 v.45 no.1 pp. 329-339
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
3-phosphoshikimate 1-carboxyvinyltransferase; Agrobacterium; Cauliflower mosaic virus; Oryza sativa; Western blotting; Zea mays; abnormal development; actin; agronomic traits; chlorosis; commercialization; corn; gene expression; glyphosate; glyphosate resistance; loci; male fertility; rice; trademarks; transcription (genetics); transgenes; transgenic plants
Abstract:
... 5-Enol-pyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase from Agrobacterium sp. CP4 (CP4 EPSPS) confers tolerance to the nonselective herbicide glyphosate (marketed under the trade name Roundup1)¹Roundup Ready and Roundup herbicide are trademarks of the Monsanto Company. when sufficiently expressed in transgenic plants. Dual CP4 EPSPS transgene cassettes were transformed into corn (Zea mays L.) under the tran ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2005.0329

36. Development and characterization of a CP4 EPSPS-based, glyphosate-tolerant corn event

Author:
Heck, G.R.; Armstrong, C.L.; Astwood, J.D.; Behr, C.F.; Bookout, J.T.; Brown, S.M.; Cavato, T.A.; DeBoer, D.L.; Deng, M.Y.; George, C.
Source:
Crop science 2005 v.45 no.1 pp. 329-339
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Zea mays; corn; transgenic plants; genetic transformation; gene transfer; transgenes; enzymes; herbicide resistance; glyphosate; gene expression; agronomic traits; Oryza sativa; promoter regions; actin; gene segregation
Abstract:
... 5-Enol-pyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase from Agrobacterium sp. CP4 (CP4 EPSPS) confers tolerance to the nonselective herbicide glyphosate (marketed under the trade name Roundup1) when sufficiently expressed in transgenic plants. Dual CP4 EPSPS transgene cassettes were transformed into corn (Zea mays L.) under the transcriptional regulatory control of the rice (Oryza sativa L.) actin 1 (P-Ract ...

37. La3+ uptake and its effect on the cytoskeleton in root protoplasts of Zea mays L

Author:
Liu, M.; Hasenstein, K.H.
Source:
Planta 2005 v.220 no.5 pp. 658-666
ISSN:
0032-0935
Subject:
protoplasts; Zea mays; lanthanum; calcium; corn; microfilaments; magnesium; calcium channel blockers; potassium; root growth; microtubules; uptake mechanisms; actin; roots
DOI:
10.1007/s00425-004-1379-2
PubMed:
15449062

38. Recruitment of myosin VIII towards plastid surfaces is root-cap specific and provides the evidence for actomyosin involvement in root osmosensing

Author:
Wojtaszek, P.; Anielska-Mazur, A.; Gabrys, H.; Baluska, F.; Volkmann, D.
Source:
Functional plant biology 2005 v.32 no.8 pp. 721-736
ISSN:
1445-4408
Subject:
Arabidopsis thaliana; amyloplasts; Zea mays; plasmodesmata; grain crops; cell walls; osmotic pressure; corn; cytoskeleton; protein transport; myosin; root growth; root cap; actin; plasma membrane; leaves; chloroplasts
DOI:
10.1071/FP05004

39. The relationship between induction of embryogenesis and chromosome doubling in microspore cultures

Author:
Shim, Y. S.; Kasha, K. J.; Simion, E.; Letarte, J.
Source:
Protoplasma 2006 v.228 no.1-3 pp. 79-86
ISSN:
0033-183X
Subject:
actin; barley; cell walls; chromosome number; chromosomes; corn; embryogenesis; endopolyploidy; mannitol; temperature; wheat
Abstract:
... The objective of this paper is to review the relationship between induction of microspore embryogenesis and chromosome doubling. It has been augmented with relative data on chromosome doubling by nuclear fusion. Some of the treatments used for induction of embryogenesis may also lead to doubling of the chromosome number, either through nuclear fusion or endomitosis. High frequencies of spontaneous ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00709-006-0177-z

40. Actin-dependent fluid-phase endocytosis in inner cortex cells of maize root apices

Author:
Baluska, F.; Samaj, J.; Hlavacka, A.; Kendrick-Jones, J.; Volkmann, D.
Source:
Journal of experimental botany 2004 v.55 no.396 pp. 463-473
ISSN:
0022-0957
Subject:
actin; corn; cortex; drugs; endocytosis; fluorescent dyes; light microscopy; microtubules; myosin; plasma membrane; plasmodesmata; roots; stabilizers; vacuoles
Abstract:
... The fluorescent dye Lucifer Yellow (LY) is a well-known and widely-used marker for fluid-phase endocytosis. In this paper, both light and electron microscopy revealed that LY was internalized into transition zone cells of the inner cortex of intact maize root apices. The internalized LY was localized within tubulo-vesicular compartments invaginating from the plasma membrane at actomyosin-enriched ...
DOI:
10.1093/jxb/erh042
PubMed:
14739268

41. Enhanced gravitropism of roots with a disrupted cap actin cytoskeleton

Author:
Hou, G.; Mohamalawari, D.R.; Blancaflor, E.B.
Source:
Plant physiology 2003 v.131 no.3 pp. 1360-1373
ISSN:
0032-0889
Subject:
plant proteins; microfilaments; gravity; actin; Zea mays; oryzalin; Linum usitatissimum; corn; forage legumes; duration; auxins; root growth; grain crops; gravitropism; physiological transport; root cap; kinetics; Medicago truncatula
PubMed:
12644685
PubMed Central:
PMC166895

42. eEF1A isoforms change in abundance and actin-binding activity during maize endosperm development

Author:
Lopez-Valenzuela, J.A.; Gibbon, B.C.; Hughes, P.A.; Dreher, T.W.; Larkins, B.A.
Source:
Plant physiology 2003 v.133 no.3 pp. 1285-1295
ISSN:
0032-0889
Subject:
protein binding; post-translational modification; Zea mays; grain crops; RNA-binding proteins; methylation; plant proteins; protein isoforms; corn; transfer RNA; amino acid sequences; ribosomal proteins; endosperm; spectral analysis; actin; protein content; protein phosphorylation; seed development
DOI:
10.1104/pp.103.027854
PubMed:
14526107
PubMed Central:
PMC281623

43. A suite of novel promoters and terminators for plant biotechnology. II. The pPLEX series for use in monocots

Author:
Schunmann, Petra H.D.; Surin, Brian; Waterhouse, Peter M.
Source:
Functional plant biology 2003 v.30 no.4 pp. 453-460
ISSN:
1445-4408
Subject:
rice; open reading frames; ubiquitin; Magnoliopsida; vascular tissues; corn; biotechnology; gene expression; actin; Liliopsida; introns; Subterranean clover stunt virus; leaves
Abstract:
... A suite of plant expression vectors (pPLEX), constructed from the gene regulation signals from subterranean clover stunt virus (SCSV) genome, has previously been used in dicot transformation for a variety of applications in plant biotechnology. To assess their use for the transformation of monocots, a number of modifications were made to the basic vector series and assessed in rice. In their unmod ...
DOI:
10.1071/FP02167

44. F-actin-dependent endocytosis of cell wall pectins in meristematic root cells. Insights from brefeldin A-induced compartments

Author:
Baluska, F.; Hlavacka, A.; Samaj, J.; Palme, K.; Robinson, D.G.; Matoh, T.; McCurdy, D.W.; Menzel, D.; Volkmann, D.
Source:
Plant physiology 2002 v.130 no.1 pp. 422-431
ISSN:
0032-0889
Subject:
developmental stages; endocytosis; roots; endoplasmic reticulum; plant proteins; cell walls; meristems; microfilaments; brefeldin A; plasma membrane; actin; plant development; Zea mays; pectins; exocytosis; corn; cold; Golgi apparatus; protoplasts; food crops; protein synthesis; chemical constituents of plants
Abstract:
... Brefeldin A (BFA) inhibits exocytosis but allows endocytosis, making it a valuable agent to identify molecules that recycle at cell peripheries. In plants, formation of large intracellular compartments in response to BFA treatment is a unique feature of some, but not all, cells. Here, we have analyzed assembly and distribution of BFA compartments in development- and tissue-specific contexts of gro ...
PubMed:
12226521
PubMed Central:
PMC166574

45. Lysine-containing proteins in maize endosperm: a major contribution from cytoskeleton-associated carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes

Author:
Azama, K.; Abe, S.; Sugimoto, H.; Davies, E.
Source:
Planta 2003 v.217 no.4 pp. 628-638
ISSN:
0032-0935
Subject:
carbohydrate metabolism; Zea mays; lysine; grain crops; tubulin; bioaccumulation; fructose-bisphosphate aldolase; corn; actin; cytoskeleton; amino acid sequences; endosperm; zein; sucrose synthase; storage proteins; seed development
Abstract:
... We measured fresh weight, dry weight, total protein, and the amounts of several individual proteins during endosperm development in three varieties of maize (Zea mays L.): W64A wild-type (WT) and opaque-2 (o2), and sweet corn (SW). By 28 days after pollination (DAP), fresh weight was much higher in WT and SW than in o2, but o2 had a higher dry weight and thus a much lower water content. By 28 DAP, ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00425-003-1016-5
PubMed:
12684783

46. Tripsacum dactyloides (Poaceae): a natural model system to study parthenogenesis

Author:
Jörg Bantin; Fritz Matzk; Thomas Dresselhaus
Source:
Sexual plant reproduction 2001 v.14 no.4 pp. 219-226
ISSN:
0934-0882
Subject:
Antennaria; hybrids; gametophytes; diploidy; ova; parthenogenesis; genome; embryogenesis; corn; flow cytometry; crossing; gene expression; apomixis; endosperm; tetraploidy; actin; Tripsacum dactyloides; pollination
Abstract:
... Diplosporous apomeiosis, formation of unreduced embryo sacs primarily of the Antennaria type, followed by parthenogenetic embryo development and pseudogamy (fertilization of the central cell) describe gametophytic apomixis within the Tripsacum agamic complex. Tripsacum dactyloides (Eastern gamagrass) is a close relative of domesticated maize and was chosen as a natural model system to investigate ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00497-001-0119-z
PubMed:
24573430

47. Proteins reacting with cadherin and catenin antibodies are present in maize showing tissue-, domain-, and development-specific associations with endoplasmic-reticulum membranes and actin microfilaments in root cells

Author:
F. Baluška; J. Šamaj; D. Volkmann
Source:
Protoplasma 1999 v.206 no.1-3 pp. 174-187
ISSN:
0033-183X
Subject:
actin; adhesion; animals; antibodies; antigens; cadherins; calreticulin; cell adhesion; corn; electron microscopy; endodermis; endoplasmic reticulum; mannitol; microfilaments; root hairs; stele
Abstract:
... With heterologous antibodies raised against animal N-cadherin, α-catenin, and β-catenin, we have visualized their reactive proteins within cells of maize root apices. Embedding using Steedman's wax allowed us to accomplish tissue-specific analysis which revealed that cells of epidermis, endodermis/pericycle, and outer stele tissues, all of which are tightly associated to each other, are especially ...
DOI:
10.1007/BF01279265

48. Ser6 in the maize actin‐depolymerizing factor, ZmADF3, is phosphorylated by a calcium‐stimulated protein kinase and is essential for the control of functional activity

Author:
Andrei P. Smertenko; Chang‐Jie Jiang; Nicola J. Simmons; Alan G. Weeds; Dewi R. Davies; Patrick J. Hussey
Source:
plant journal 1998 v.14 no.2 pp. 187-193
ISSN:
0960-7412
Subject:
actin; amino acids; ammonium sulfate; corn; phosphorylation; protein kinases; root hairs
Abstract:
... Maize actin‐depolymerizing factor, ZmADF, binds both G‐ and F‐actin and enhances in vitro actin dynamics. Evidence from studies on vertebrate ADF/cofilin supports the view that this class of protein responds to intracellular and extracellular signals and causes actin reorganization. As a test to determine whether such signal‐responsive pathways existed in plants, this study addressed the a ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-313X.1998.00107.x