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You searched for: Subject term dietary exposure Remove constraint Subject term: dietary exposure Subject term Oreochromis niloticus Remove constraint Subject term: Oreochromis niloticus
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1. Dietary black cumin (Nigella sativa) improved hemato-biochemical, oxidative stress, gene expression, and immunological response of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) infected by Burkholderia cepacia

Author:
Heba H. Mahboub; Hassnaa Mahmoud Elsheshtawy; Nagwa I. Sheraiba; Esra.M. Fahmy; Shimaa R. masoud; Eman A.A. Mohamed; Noha S. Abdelnaeim; Dalia Ibrahim Mohamed; Tamer Ahmed Ismail; Shaimaa A.A. Ahmed
Source:
Aquaculture reports 2022 v.22 pp. 100943
ISSN:
2352-5134
Subject:
Burkholderia cepacia; Nigella sativa; Oreochromis niloticus; alanine transaminase; alkaline phosphatase; antibacterial properties; antibiotics; antioxidant activity; antioxidants; aquaculture; aspartate transaminase; bacteria; biomarkers; cortisol; creatinine; dietary exposure; dietary supplements; fish; gene expression; genes; glutathione; immune response; interleukin-10; interleukin-8; kidneys; liver; lysozyme; malondialdehyde; myeloperoxidase; nitric oxide; oxidative stress; superoxide dismutase; urea; virulence
Abstract:
... The present study assessed the protective aspects of the dietary exposure to black cumin (Nigella sativa, NS) powder on immune response, liver and kidney enzymes, tissue antioxidant capacity, gene expression, and testing the antibacterial activity against Burkholderia cepacia (B. cepacia, BC). Nile tilapia (O. niloticus) (n = 150) were divided into 5 groups, the first was control (Cont) neither ch ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.aqrep.2021.100943

2. Dietary exposure to methyl mercury chloride induces alterations in hematology, biochemical parameters, and mRNA expression of antioxidant enzymes and metallothionein in Nile tilapia

Author:
Rasha T. M. Alam; Ehsan. H. Abu Zeid; Bouthaina A. Khalifa; Ahmed Hamed Arisha; Rasha M. Reda
Source:
Environmental science and pollution research 2021 v.28 no.24 pp. 31391-31402
ISSN:
0944-1344
Subject:
Oreochromis niloticus; anemia; biomarkers; cholesterol; cortisol; diet; dietary exposure; erythrocyte count; fish; gene expression; glucose; glutathione; glutathione peroxidase; growth performance; hematology; hemoglobin; inflammation; liver; liver function; mercuric chloride; metallothionein; methylmercury compounds; oxidative stress; pollution; protein content; research; superoxide dismutase; toxicity; triacylglycerols
Abstract:
... Methyl mercury chloride “MMC” (CH₃ClHg) is an ubiquitous environmental toxicant that causes a variety of adverse effects. In the present study, we investigated the effects of sub-chronic toxicity of MMC on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) through the evaluation of growth performance and hematological, biochemical, and oxidative stress biomarkers. From 150 healthy fish, five equally sized treat ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11356-021-13014-5

3. Effects of fucoidan on the hematic indicators and antioxidative responses of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed diets contaminated with aflatoxin B1

Author:
Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim; Mahmoud A.O. Dawood; Lotfi Aleya; Saad Alkahtani
Source:
Environmental science and pollution research international 2020 v.27 no.11 pp. 12579-12586
ISSN:
0944-1344
Subject:
Oreochromis niloticus; aflatoxin B1; alanine transaminase; alkaline phosphatase; antioxidant activity; aspartate transaminase; blood proteins; blood serum; catalase; cholesterol; creatinine; diet; dietary exposure; enzyme activity; fish; fucoidan; glutathione; glutathione peroxidase; hematologic tests; immunostimulants; kidneys; liver; malondialdehyde; medicinal properties; superoxide dismutase; toxicity; urea
Abstract:
... Fucoidan is a rich source of medicinally active immunostimulants that possess various pharmacological properties. This study examined the potential impact of fucoidan on the hematic indicators and antioxidative responses of Nile tilapia fed diets contaminated with aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁). Fish (60 ± 6.1 g) were allocated to five groups; the first (control) and second groups were fed 0% or 1% fucoidan– ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11356-020-07854-w

4. Fumonisins alter redox balance in Nile tilapia fingerlings

Author:
Bruno Lala; Carolina Santos; Gabriel Roldi; Roberto Roça; Guilherme Sampaio; André Garcia; Bruno Garrido; Gleia Ricci; Gislaine Refundini; Graciela Braccini; Carla Porto; Eliane Gasparino; Stefania Caroline Claudino-Silva
Source:
Aquaculture 2021 v.530 pp. 735735
ISSN:
0044-8486
Subject:
Fusarium; Oreochromis niloticus; diet; dietary exposure; exposure duration; fingerlings; fumonisins; fungi; gene expression; genes; glutathione peroxidase; heat shock proteins; liver; liver diseases; messenger RNA; secondary metabolites
Abstract:
... Fumonisins (FB) are secondary metabolites of Fusarium fungi, and their ingestion are associated with liver disease in different species of animals. This study tests the hypothesis that FB alter redox balance-related gene expression in Nile tilapia fingerlings. A total of 180 fish randomly distributed in four treatments were used: the control treatment (0.0), 20 (FB20), 40 (FB40) and 60 (FB60) mg/k ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735735

5. Neurobehavioral and immune-toxic impairments induced by organic methyl mercury dietary exposure in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

Author:
Ehsan H. Abu Zeid; Bouthaina A. Khalifa; Enas N. Said; Ahmed H. Arisha; Rasha M. Reda
Source:
Aquatic toxicology 2021 v.230 pp. 105702
ISSN:
0166-445X
Subject:
DNA damage; Oreochromis niloticus; acetylcholinesterase; blood serum; brain; chlorides; diet; dietary exposure; fish; glutathione; immune response; interleukin-10; interleukin-8; juveniles; lipid peroxidation; lysozyme; malondialdehyde; mercury; methylmercury compounds; mouth; nitric oxide; oxidative stress; superoxide dismutase; toxicity; toxicology; transcription (genetics)
Abstract:
... Although substantial knowledge of mercury toxicity in fish has been assembled; until now, studies investigating the toxic impacts in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) following dietary exposure to organic methyl mercury (MeHg) are less prolific. Accordingly, the current study aimed to evaluate the impacts of MeHg on neurobehavioral and immune integrity in Nile tilapia after dietary exposure. Tw ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105702

6. Trace Elements in Crustaceans, Mollusks and Fish in the Kenyan Part of Lake Victoria: Bioaccumulation, Bioindication and Health Risk Analysis

Author:
James Omondi Outa; Chrispin O. Kowenje; Annemariè Avenant-Oldewage; Franz Jirsa
Source:
Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 2020 v.78 no.4 pp. 589-603
ISSN:
0090-4341
Subject:
Crustacea; Gastropoda; Lates niloticus; Mutela; Oreochromis niloticus; anthropogenic activities; arsenic; bioaccumulation; cadmium; chromium; copper; dietary exposure; feeding behavior; fish; food safety; habitats; human health; lakes; lead; liver; molluscs; nickel; omnivores; piscivores; risk; risk analysis; sediments; shrimp; silver; zinc; Lake Victoria
Abstract:
... This is the first comprehensive report on the accumulation of Cr, Ni, As, and Ag in the fish species Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and Nile perch Lates niloticus from Lake Victoria, complemented with recent data on Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb. This also is the first report on Cr, Ni, As, and Ag levels in invertebrates: the shrimp Caridina nilotica, gastropod Pila ovata, and bivalve Mutela bourguignati ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00244-020-00715-0
PubMed:
32020255
PubMed Central:
PMC7136317

7. Dietary mycotoxicosis prevention with modified zeolite (Clinoptilolite) feed additive in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Author:
Eman Zahran; Engy Risha; Mohamed Hamed; Tarek Ibrahim; Dušan Palić
Source:
Aquaculture 2020 v.515 pp. 734562
ISSN:
0044-8486
Subject:
Oreochromis niloticus; aflatoxin G1; antibacterial properties; antioxidant activity; bioaccumulation; blood serum; catalase; diet; dietary exposure; erythrocytes; feed additives; feed contamination; feed mills; fish; fish feeding; fish feeds; fish health; glutathione; growth performance; hematocrit; hemoglobin; hepatosomatic index; histopathology; ingredients; kidneys; leukocyte count; liver; lysozyme; malondialdehyde; monitoring; muscles; mycotoxicosis; neutrophils; protective effect; seafoods; superoxide dismutase; tissues; zeolites
Abstract:
... Consumption of feed ingredients with a naturally low level of total aflatoxins contamination and possible consequences on fish health and seafood quality is a growing concern. To investigate effects of such dietary exposure on fish health parameters, Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were fed basal diet (control), and diet naturally contaminated with a mix of aflatoxins (AFs; AFB1and 2, AFG1 an ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.734562

8. Growth performance and hemato-immunological responses of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to deltamethrin and fed immunobiotics

Author:
Mahmoud A.O. Dawood; Marwa F. AbdEl-kader; Eman M. Moustafa; Mahmoud S. Gewaily; Safaa E. Abdo
Source:
Environmental science and pollution research international 2020 v.27 no.11 pp. 11608-11617
ISSN:
0944-1344
Subject:
Oreochromis niloticus; acute exposure; alanine transaminase; albumins; alkaline phosphatase; aspartate transaminase; bilirubin; body weight; cortisol; deltamethrin; diet; dietary exposure; enzyme activity; erythrocytes; feed additives; fish; globulins; glucose; growth performance; hematology; hemoglobin; immunity; leukocytes; lysozyme; rearing; specific growth rate; survival rate; toxicity; urea; weight gain
Abstract:
... The use of feed additives in aquatic animals improves health conditions and well-being under pesticide toxicity. Thus, this study was aimed at evaluating the effect of an immunobiotic mixture (IM) on the growth performance, hemato-biochemistry, and immunity of Nile tilapia exposed to subacute deltamethrin (DMT). Fish were distributed into four groups: groups 1 and 2 were fed a control diet, while ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11356-020-07775-8

9. Inorganic mercury and dietary safe feed additives enriched diet impacts on growth, immunity, tissue bioaccumulation, and disease resistance in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Author:
Mohamed Salah Ayyat; Ahmed Mohamed Nabil Ayyat; Khaled M. Abd El-Latif; Amira A.A. Hessein; Adham A. Al-Sagheer
Source:
Aquatic toxicology 2020 v.224 pp. 105494
ISSN:
0166-445X
Subject:
Aeromonas hydrophila; Bacillus subtilis; Bacillus toyonensis; Oreochromis niloticus; bacterial infections; bioaccumulation; blood; blood chemistry; chemical composition; curcumin; dietary exposure; disease resistance; growth performance; head; histopathology; immunity; liver; mercury; oils; toxicology
Abstract:
... Little is known about the impacts of dietary exposure to inorganic mercury (Hg) for a long duration on the health indicators, growth, and disease resistance in Oreochromis niloticus. Accordingly, the current study was designed to assess the effects of Hg contaminated diets on blood biochemistry, growth, chemical composition, Hg bioaccumulation in the tissues, histopathology of liver and head kidne ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105494

10. Diet-specific trophic transfer of mercury in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): Biodynamic perspective

Author:
Rui Wang; Wen-Xiong Wang
Source:
Environmental pollution 2018 v.234 pp. 288-296
ISSN:
0269-7491
Subject:
Oreochromis niloticus; aquatic ecosystems; aquatic food webs; bioaccumulation; biomechanics; diet; dietary exposure; energy; exposure duration; farmed fish; ingestion; macrophytes; mercury; methylmercury compounds; models; pellets; radionuclides; shrimp
Abstract:
... This study tested the hypothesis that different diets could modulate mercury (Hg) trophic transfer by concurrently altering the transfer of energy (in terms of growth) and transfer of Hg (in terms of biodynamic process). Firstly, we conducted a 40-d laboratory bioaccumulation experiment, in which tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was exposed to inorganic mercury (Hg[II]) and methylmercury (MeHg) via ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envpol.2017.11.071

11. Effects of Dietary Exposure to Sulfamethazine on the Hematological Parameters and Hepatic Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Author:
Fernanda Garcia Sampaio; Maria Lídia Carra; Claudio Martin Jonsson; Vitoria Teodoro Gonçalves; Genoefa Dal’Bo; Kátia Santos Damacena Nunes; José Henrique Valim; Bruno Stéfano Lima Dallago; Sonia Claudia do Nascimento de Queiroz; Felix Guillermo Reyes Reyes
Source:
Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 2016 v.97 no.4 pp. 528-535
ISSN:
0007-4861
Subject:
Oreochromis niloticus; biomarkers; body weight; catalase; dietary exposure; fish; fish culture; glutathione transferase; hematologic tests; juveniles; lipid peroxidation; medicated feeds; oral administration; oxidative stress
Abstract:
... Sulfamethazine (SMZ) is one of the most commonly used sulfonamide compounds in fish farming, and its physiological effects on fish are unknown. SMZ was administered to juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) at a dose level of 422 mg kg⁻¹ body weight, for a period of 11 days, via medicated feed. Fish were divided into two groups, the control group (CG) and the group fed with SMZ in feed. The ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00128-016-1837-0

12. Subchronic effects of cadmium on the gonads, expressions of steroid hormones and sex-related genes in tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

Author:
Yongju Luo; Dan Shan; Huan Zhong; Yi Zhou; Wenzhi Chen; Jinling Cao; Zhongbao Guo; Jun Xiao; Fulin He; Yifan Huang; Jian Li; Heming Huang; Pao Xu
Source:
Ecotoxicology 2015 v.24 no.10 pp. 2213-2223
ISSN:
0963-9292
Subject:
Oreochromis niloticus; animal ovaries; aquaculture; aquatic ecosystems; bioaccumulation; cadmium; dietary exposure; eggs; estradiol; estrogen receptors; females; fish; fish health; genes; heavy metals; histology; histopathology; steroid hormones; testes; toxicity; vitellogenin
Abstract:
... Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic heavy metals in aquatic ecosystem which affects fish health and aquaculture. In the present study, we examined the bioaccumulation of Cd in the gonads of tilapia via dissolved and dietary routes. We evaluated the subchronic effects of Cd on the histology of gonads, steroid hormone levels and sex-related gene expressions in tilapia. In addition, we also studied ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10646-015-1542-5

13. Bioavailability of heavy metals in fresh water Tilapia nilotica (Oreachromis niloticus Linnaeus, 1758): Potential risk to fishermen and consumers

Author:
Manal M. El-Sadaawy; Ghada F. El-Said; Neama A. Sallam
Source:
Journal of environmental science and health 2013 v.48 no.5 pp. 402-409
ISSN:
1532-4109
Subject:
Oreochromis niloticus; adverse effects; analysis of variance; bioavailability; brain; cadmium; chromium; cobalt; condition factor; copper; dietary exposure; fish; fish consumption; fish farms; fishermen; freshwater; gills; health status; heart; heavy metals; human health; lead; linear models; liver; nickel; pollution; public health; risk; sewage; zinc; Egypt
Abstract:
... The study was undertaken to assess the accumulation of some heavy metals (Cr, Co, Cu, Ni, Zn, Pb and Cd) in different tissues (muscle, gills, heart, liver, brain, bone and skin) of Tilapia nilotica. It is one of the most edible fish species in Egypt and was collected from a commercial fish farm in order to evaluate their potential risk to fishermen and consumers. This fish farm is fed with dischar ...
DOI:
10.1080/03601234.2013.742719
PubMed:
23431978

14. Lead (Pb) accumulation, oxidative stress and DNA damage induced by dietary Pb in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Author:
Wei Dai; Shuxi Liu; Linglin Fu; Huahua Du; Zirong Xu
Source:
Aquaculture research 2012 v.43 no.2 pp. 208-214
ISSN:
1355-557X
Subject:
DNA damage; Oreochromis niloticus; animals; antioxidant activity; blood cells; dietary exposure; glutathione; glutathione peroxidase; kidneys; lead; malondialdehyde; oxidative stress; superoxide dismutase; toxicity
Abstract:
... With the increasing occurrence of dietary lead (Pb) contamination in aquaculture, a better understanding of the toxic effects of dietary Pb on aquatic animals is needed. Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were exposed to dietary Pb at concentrations of 0, 100, 400 and 800 μg g−1 dry weight for 60 days, and Pb accumulation in tissues and blood, oxidative stress in posterior kidney and DNA damage in pe ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2109.2011.02817.x

15. Gene expression analysis of ABC efflux transporters, CYP1A and GSTα in Nile tilapia after exposure to benzo(a)pyrene

Author:
Joana Costa; Maria Armanda Reis-Henriques; L. Filipe C. Castro; Marta Ferreira
Source:
Comparative biochemistry and physiology 2012 v.155 no.3 pp. 469-482
ISSN:
1532-0456
Subject:
ABC transporters; Oreochromis niloticus; benzo(a)pyrene; dietary exposure; fish; gene expression; genes; intestines; liver; mammals; messenger RNA; nucleotide sequences; tissue distribution; transcription (genetics)
Abstract:
... The aim of this study was to evaluate the response of ABC transporters, CYP1A and class alpha (α) GST genes, upon water and dietary exposures to benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) in Oreochromis niloticus. Partial mRNA sequences of ABC transporters (ABCB1b, ABCB11, ABCC1, ABCC2 and ABCG2) were identified, and their tissue distribution patterns evaluated in liver, gill and intestine, showing similarities with ot ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cbpc.2011.12.004

16. Comparision of the waterborne and dietary routes of exposure on the effects of Benzo(a)pyrene on biotransformation pathways in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Author:
Joana Costa; Marta Ferreira; Ledicia Rey-Salgueiro; Maria Armanda Reis-Henriques
Source:
Chemosphere 2011 v.84 no.10 pp. 1452-1460
ISSN:
0045-6535
Subject:
Oreochromis niloticus; aquatic environment; aquatic organisms; bile; biomarkers; biotransformation; dietary exposure; enzymes; gills; intestines; liver; metabolism; metabolites; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; water activity
Abstract:
... BaP is one of the most studied PAH, due to its ubiquitous presence in aquatic environments and toxicity to aquatic organisms. The main goal of this study was to assess BaP effects in Nile Tilapia after waterborne and dietary exposures, through the evaluation of EROD and GST activities in liver, gills and intestine, and BaP metabolites in bile; and also to evaluate the usefulness of these commonly ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.04.046
PubMed:
21561639

17. Effects of dietary N-acetylcysteine on the oxidative stress induced in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to a microcystin-producing cyanobacterial water bloom

Author:
Puerto, Maria; Prieto, Ana I.; Pichardo, Silvia; Moreno, Isabel; Jos, Angeles; Moyano, Rosario; Camean, Ana M.
Source:
Environmental toxicology and chemistry 2009 v.28 no.8 pp. 1679-1686
ISSN:
0730-7268
Subject:
Oreochromis niloticus; tilapia (common name); oxidative stress; Microcystis; algal blooms; microcystins; biomarkers; acetylcysteine; dietary exposure; enzyme activity; liver; kidneys
Abstract:
... Fish can be exposed to toxic cyanobacterial cells in natural waters and fish farms and suffer from oxidative damage. The present study investigates the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a glutathione (GSH) precursor, on the oxidative stress induced by Microcystis cyanobacterial cells containing microcystins (MCs) in tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus). Variation in lipid peroxidation (LPO) level ...
DOI:
10.1897/08-520.1
PubMed:
19290682

18. Toxic effects and residue of aflatoxin B1 in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus×O. aureus) during long-term dietary exposure

Author:
Deng, Shi-Xi; Tian, Li-Xia; Liu, Fu-Jia; Jin, Sheng-Jie; Liang, Gui-Ying; Yang, Hui-Jun; Du, Zhen-Yu; Liu, Yong-Jian
Source:
Aquaculture 2010 v.307 no.3-4 pp. 233-240
ISSN:
0044-8486
Subject:
fish farms; fish culture; feed contamination; fish feeding; toxicity; aflatoxin B1; Oreochromis niloticus; tilapia (common name); long term effects; dietary exposure; farmed fish
Abstract:
... As a fish farmed widely in the tropical and subtropical regions where aflatoxin contamination has been generally detected, tilapia has been studied for aflatoxicosis evaluation in Asia. However, relatively short-term aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) exposure in previous studies resulted in some contradictory conclusions. Therefore, this work was designed to investigate the toxic effects and residue of AFB1 in ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.aquaculture.2010.07.029

19. Influence of dietary lipid sources on the growth performance, immune response and resistance of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, to Streptococcus iniae challenge

Author:
Yildirim-Aksoy, M.; Lim, C.; Davis, D.A.; Shelby, R.; Klesius, P.H.
Source:
Journal of applied aquaculture 2007 v.19 no.2 pp. 29-49
ISSN:
1045-4438
Subject:
fish culture; Oreochromis niloticus; tilapia (common name); lipids; corn oil; tallow; fish oils; linseed oil; dietary exposure; animal growth; liveweight gain; experimental diets; fatty acid composition; body composition; immune response; Streptococcus iniae; disease resistance
Abstract:
... This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of dietary lipid sources on growth performance, body proximate composition, hematology, immune response and resistance of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, to Streptococcus iniae infection. Six isocaloric (3.2 kcal/g) and isonitrogenous (34% crude protein) semi-purified diets were supplemented with 7% of various sources of lipid, namely, cor ...
Handle:
10113/8354
DOI:
10.1300/J028v19n02_02

20. Effect of feeding duration of sodium chloride-containing diets on growth performance and some osmoregulatory parameters of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, after transfer to water of different salinities

Author:
Lim, C.; Yildirim-Aksoy, M.; Welker, T.; Veverica, K.
Source:
Journal of applied aquaculture 2006 v.18 no.4 pp. 1-17
ISSN:
1045-4438
Subject:
fish culture; Oreochromis niloticus; tilapia (common name); fish feeding; duration; sodium chloride; experimental diets; dietary exposure; feed composition; feed intake; liveweight gain; feed conversion; animal growth; osmoregulation; salinity; blood serum; glucose; cortisol; hematocrit; osmolality
DOI:
10.1300/J028v18n04_01

21. Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), liver morphology, CYP1A activity and thyroid hormones after Endosulfan dietary exposure

Author:
Coimbra, A.M.; Figueiredo-Fernandes, A.; Reis-Henriques, M.A.
Source:
Pesticide biochemistry and physiology 2007 v.89 no.3 pp. 230-236
ISSN:
0048-3575
Subject:
Oreochromis niloticus; tilapia (common name); endosulfan; dietary exposure; liver microsomes; animal morphology; histology; enzyme activity; thyroid hormones
Abstract:
... Endosulfan is a worldwide used insecticide suspected to be highly toxic to aquatic organisms, including fish. Most of the available studies have focused in water exposures, although this pollutant can be transferred through food chain. Therefore, in the present study, the effects of Endosulfan on tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), when administered through the diet. Fish were fed 21 days with diets ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.pestbp.2007.07.001