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- Author:
- Vincent A. Ricigliano; Steven T. Williams; Randy Oliver
- Source:
- BMC veterinary research 2022 v.18 no.1 pp. 52
- ISSN:
- 1746-6148
- Subject:
- Bifidobacterium; Gilliamella; almonds; amino acid composition; apiaries; biomarkers; digestive system; disease control; essential amino acids; experimental diets; forage; gene expression; honey bee colonies; honey bees; humans; intestinal microorganisms; leucine; pathogens; pollen; pollination; population size; spring; sugars; tryptophan; veterinary medicine; California
- Abstract:
- ... BACKGROUND: Honey bee colonies managed for agricultural pollination are highly dependent on human inputs, especially for disease control and supplemental nutrition. Hives are routinely fed artificial “pollen substitute” diets to compensate for insufficient nutritional forage in the environment. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different artificial diets in a northern Califor ...
- Handle:
- 10113/7638036
- DOI:
- 10.1186/s12917-022-03151-5
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-022-03151-5
- Author:
- Sun-Yang Park; Chitong Rao; Katharine Z. Coyte; Gavin A. Kuziel; Yancong Zhang; Wentao Huang; Eric A. Franzosa; Jing-Ke Weng; Curtis Huttenhower; Seth Rakoff-Nahoum
- Source:
- Cell 2022 v.185 no.3 pp. 513-529.e21
- ISSN:
- 0092-8674
- Subject:
- Bacteroides; acyl coenzyme A; butyrates; digestive system; ecosystems; genome; humans; intestinal microorganisms; metabolites; polysaccharides
- Abstract:
- ... The human gut microbiota resides within a diverse chemical environment challenging our ability to understand the forces shaping this ecosystem. Here, we reveal that fitness of the Bacteroidales, the dominant order of bacteria in the human gut, is an emergent property of glycans and one specific metabolite, butyrate. Distinct sugars serve as strain-variable fitness switches activating context-depen ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.cell.2022.01.002
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2022.01.002
- Author:
- Nachon Raethong; Massalin Nakphaichit; Narissara Suratannon; Witida Sathitkowitchai; Wanlapa Weerapakorn; Suttipun Keawsompong; Wanwipa Vongsangnak
- Source:
- Genes 2021 v.12 no.3 pp. -
- ISSN:
- 2073-4425
- Subject:
- Lachnospiraceae; Roseburia; Ruminococcaceae; biosynthesis; butyrates; carbohydrate metabolism; carbon metabolism; digestive system; genes; human health; humans; intestinal microorganisms; metagenomics; sugars; taxonomy; Asia
- Abstract:
- ... The gut microbiome plays a major role in the maintenance of human health. Characterizing the taxonomy and metabolic functions of the human gut microbiome is necessary for enhancing health. Here, we analyzed the metagenomic sequencing, assembly and construction of a meta-gene catalogue of the human gut microbiome with the overall aim of investigating the taxonomy and metabolic functions of the gut ...
- DOI:
- 10.3390/genes12030331
- https://doi.org/10.3390/genes12030331
- Author:
- X. Li; M.A. Henson
- Source:
- Journal of applied microbiology 2021 v.131 no.6 pp. 2899-2917
- ISSN:
- 1364-5072
- Subject:
- Clostridium hylemonae; Clostridium ljungdahlii; Eubacterium limosum; Roseburia hominis; acetates; acetogens; butyrates; coculture; digestive system; ethanol; humans; intestinal microorganisms; metabolites; secretion; sugars; thermodynamics
- Abstract:
- ... AIMS: While gas‐fermenting acetogens have been engineered to secrete non‐native metabolites such as butyrate, acetate remains the most thermodynamically favourable product. An alternative to metabolic engineering is to exploit native capabilities for CO‐to‐acetate conversion by coculturing an acetogen with a second bacterium that provides efficient acetate‐butyrate conversion. METHODS AND RESULTS: ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/jam.15155
- https://doi.org/10.1111/jam.15155
- Author:
- Xin Qi; Richard Tester
- Source:
- Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2021 v.101 no.6 pp. 2194-2200
- ISSN:
- 0022-5142
- Subject:
- agriculture; bioavailability; complement; digestive system; fruits; humans; ingredients; obesity; plant tissues; satiety; sugars; sweetness
- Abstract:
- ... There are dilemmas in the minds of consumers with respect to sugar consumption – they would like to consume sugars for sweetness, but in a healthy (and perhaps guilt free!) way. In a sense, consumers believe that if sugar does not appear as an ingredient on the product label, but is intrinsic in the food (and will appear as a nutrient), it is ‘good’. As an ingredient, however, it is viewed as a ‘b ...
- DOI:
- 10.1002/jsfa.10905
- https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.10905
- Author:
- Yan Jia; Bo Yang; Paul Ross; Catherine Stanton; Hao Zhang; Jianxin Zhao; Wei Chen
- Source:
- Genes 2020 v.11 no.1 pp. -
- ISSN:
- 2073-4425
- Subject:
- CRISPR-Cas systems; Lactobacillus mucosae; amino acids; biosynthesis; carbohydrate metabolism; digestive system; exopolysaccharides; gene editing; genetic variation; genomics; humans; niches; operon; probiotics; sugars; transcription (genetics); translation (genetics); vagina
- Abstract:
- ... The potential probiotic benefits of Lactobacillus mucosae have received increasing attention. To investigate the genetic diversity of L. mucosae, comparative genomic analyses of 93 strains isolated from different niches (human and animal gut, human vagina, etc.) and eight strains of published genomes were conducted. The results showed that the core genome of L. mucosae mainly encoded translation a ...
- DOI:
- 10.3390/genes11010095
- https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11010095
- Author:
- Hassan Zafar; Milton H. Saier
- Source:
- Genes 2020 v.11 no.10 pp. -
- ISSN:
- 2073-4425
- Subject:
- Bacteroides; Escherichia coli; Lactobacillus acidophilus; Lactobacillus brevis; Lactobacillus crispatus; Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus; Lactobacillus gasseri; Lactobacillus paracasei; Lactobacillus reuteri; Lactobacillus rhamnosus; Lactobacillus ruminis; Salmonella; amino acid transporters; amino acids; bacteria; digestive system; drugs; genome; genomics; human health; humans; pathogenicity; peptide transporters; probiotics; substrate specificity; sugars; toxins
- Abstract:
- ... The genus Lactobacillus includes species that may inhabit different anatomical locations in the human body, but the greatest percentage of its species are inhabitants of the gut. Lactobacilli are well known for their probiotic characteristics, although some species may become pathogenic and exert negative effects on human health. The transportome of an organism consists of the sum of the transport ...
- DOI:
- 10.3390/genes11101234
- https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11101234
- Author:
- Anna M. Malinowska; Marcin Schmidt; Malgorzata Majcher; Hanna Przydatek; Marta Szaban; Agata Kurowiecka
- Source:
- Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 2020 v.79 no.OCE2 pp. E253
- ISSN:
- 1475-2719
- Subject:
- acetates; acetic acid; butyric acid; dietary fiber; digestive system; eating habits; energy intake; enzyme activity; feces; food intake; health status; hips; honey; humans; intestinal microorganisms; non-alcoholic beverages; pectins; propionic acid; refined grains; sugars; waist circumference; water solubility
- Abstract:
- ... Some species of gut bacteria produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) from dietary fiber—mainly acetate, propionate, and butyrate. The composition of human gut microbiota is dependent on dietary intake and health status. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of diet and anthropometric parameters on the potential of gut microbiota to metabolize dietary fiber and produce SCFA. A group of 200 ...
- DOI:
- 10.1017/S0029665120002013
- https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665120002013
- Author:
- Margaret Ashwell; Sigrid Gibson; France Bellisle; Judith Buttriss; Adam Drewnowski; Marc Fantino; Alison M. Gallagher; Kees de Graaf; Séverine Goscinny; Charlotte A. Hardman; Hugo Laviada-Molina; Rebeca López-García; Berna Magnuson; Duane Mellor; Peter J. Rogers; Ian Rowland; Wendy Russell; John L. Sievenpiper; Carlo la Vecchia
- Source:
- Nutrition research reviews 2020 v.33 no.1 pp. 145-154
- ISSN:
- 1475-2700
- Subject:
- adverse effects; appetite; body weight; compliance; diet; digestive system; energy intake; experts; glycemic control; humans; intestinal microorganisms; models; monitoring; nutrition policy; nutritional adequacy; product development; public health; risk communication; sugars; sweeteners; weight control
- Abstract:
- ... A consensus workshop on low-calorie sweeteners (LCS) was held in November 2018 where seventeen experts (the panel) discussed three themes identified as key to the science and policy of LCS: (1) weight management and glucose control; (2) consumption, safety and perception; (3) nutrition policy. The aims were to identify the reliable facts on LCS, suggest research gaps and propose future actions. Th ...
- DOI:
- 10.1017/S0954422419000283
- https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954422419000283
- Author:
- Diana Rocha-Mendoza; Erica Kosmerl; Gonzalo Miyagusuku-Cruzado; M. Mónica Giusti; Rafael Jiménez-Flores; Israel García-Cano
- Source:
- Journal of dairy science 2020 v.103 no.9 pp. 7707-7718
- ISSN:
- 0022-0302
- Subject:
- Lactobacillus paracasei; Lactobacillus reuteri; Pediococcus acidilactici; absorbance; adhesion; bacterial adhesion; bile salts; digestive system; fermentation; food composition; functional properties; gene expression; genes; human cell lines; human health; humans; hydrophobicity; lactic acid bacteria; microbiome; milk; pH; phospholipids; probiotics; sugars; surface proteins
- Abstract:
- ... The mechanisms of bacterial adhesion to human cells involve several complex reactions and activation of genes and proteins. It has been reported that the food components in dairy matrices, such as sugar or salt, can decrease bacterial adhesion to Caco-2 cells. However, it has not been evaluated whether the bacteria grown in media supplemented with milk phospholipids (MPL) can increase or decrease ...
- DOI:
- 10.3168/jds.2020-18271
- https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2020-18271
- Author:
- Franca Vergalito; Bruno Testa; Autilia Cozzolino; Francesco Letizia; Mariantonietta Succi; Silvia Jane Lombardi; Patrizio Tremonte; Gianfranco Pannella; Roberto Di Marco; Elena Sorrentino; Raffaele Coppola; Massimo Iorizzo
- Source:
- Foods 2020 v.9 no.11 pp. -
- ISSN:
- 2304-8158
- Subject:
- antibiotic resistance; diet; digestive system; fruits; gastrointestinal transit; honey bees; human nutrition; humans; lactic acid; leucine; probiotics; propolis; sugars; symbionts; syrups; viability
- Abstract:
- ... Apilactobacillus kunkeei is an insect symbiont with documented beneficial effects on the health of honeybees. It belongs to fructophilic lactic acid bacteria (FLAB), a subgroup of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) notably recognized for their safe status. This fact, together with its recurrent isolation from hive products that are traditionally part of the human diet, suggests its possible safe use as hu ...
- DOI:
- 10.3390/foods9111535
- https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9111535
- Author:
- Xu Yan; Fangjie Wang; Peifang Weng; Zufang Wu
- Source:
- Journal of food biochemistry 2020 v.44 no.12 pp. e13480
- ISSN:
- 0145-8884
- Subject:
- Bacteroidetes; Firmicutes; biosynthesis; digestive system; dysbiosis; fermentation; fermented beverages; fruits; gene expression regulation; high fat diet; humans; intestinal microorganisms; juice industry; metagenomics; mice; nutritive value; obesity; peptides; sugars; sustainable development; toxicity; unigenes; vegetable juices
- Abstract:
- ... This study mainly discussed the effect of fermented Huyou juice (FHJ) on modulating the intestinal microbiota of human, and anti‐obesity mechanisms. Through the way of metagenomics, the effect of FHJ on gut flora has been summarized with a mice model of obesity induced by human flora‐associated (HFA) high‐fat diet. The results showed that the FHJ ameliorated the gut dysbiosis caused by obesity. Wh ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/jfbc.13480
- https://doi.org/10.1111/jfbc.13480
13. Ginsenosides, catechins, quercetin and gut microbiota: Current evidence of challenging interactions
- Author:
- Rosaria Santangelo; Andrea Silvestrini; Cesare Mancuso
- Source:
- Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.123 pp. 42-49
- ISSN:
- 0278-6915
- Subject:
- absorption; bacteria; bioactive properties; biotransformation; digestive system; flavanols; ginsenosides; humans; intestinal microorganisms; metabolites; quercetin; roots; sugars; vegetables
- Abstract:
- ... Recent studies have shown the role of gut microbiota in favoring the absorption of herbal products and the transformation of their active principles into metabolites endowed with biological activity. This review focuses on the evidence supporting the changes occurring, after metabolic reactions by specific bacteria that colonize the human gut, to ginseng-derived ginsenosides, green tea-derived cat ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.042
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.042
- Author:
- Samuel J. Pellock; William G. Walton; Matthew R. Redinbo
- Source:
- Biochemistry 2019 v.58 no.9 pp. 1311-1317
- ISSN:
- 1520-4995
- Subject:
- bacteria; binding sites; bioinformatics; crystal structure; digestive system; enzyme activity; genes; glycosidases; glycosides; humans; intestinal microorganisms; protein subunits; proteins; sugars
- Abstract:
- ... The human gut microbiome is a ripe space for the discovery of new proteins and novel functions. Many genes in the gut microbiome encode glycoside hydrolases that help bacteria scavenge sugars present in the human gut. Glycoside hydrolase family 2 (GH2) is one group of sugar-scavenging proteins, which includes β-glucuronidases (GUS) and β-galacturonidases (GalAses), enzymes that cleave the sugar co ...
- DOI:
- 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b01285
- https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.biochem.8b01285
- Author:
- Tracey J. Bell; Sarah L. Draper; Manuela Centanni; Susan M. Carnachan; Gerald W. Tannock; Ian M. Sims
- Source:
- Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2018 v.66 no.50 pp. 13277-13284
- ISSN:
- 1520-5118
- Subject:
- Acca sellowiana; Bacteroides; arabinoxylan; biochemical pathways; cell walls; digestive system; fruits; hemicellulose; humans; hydrolysis; microorganisms; pectins; sugars; xyloglucans
- Abstract:
- ... Polysaccharides from feijoa fruit were extracted and analyzed; the composition of these polysaccharides conforms to those typically found in the primary cell walls of eudicotyledons. The two major polysaccharide extracts consisted of mainly pectic polysaccharides and hemicellulosic polysaccharides [xyloglucan (77%) and arabinoxylan (16%)]. A collection of commensal Bacteroides species was screened ...
- DOI:
- 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b05080
- https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.8b05080
- Author:
- Kundi Yang; Mengyang Xu; Fanyi Zhong; Jiangjiang Zhu
- Source:
- Journal of microbiological methods 2018 v.154 pp. 147-155
- ISSN:
- 0167-7012
- Subject:
- Lactobacillus; data quality; digestive system; functional properties; humans; lactic acid; lactic acid bacteria; metabolites; metabolomics; monitoring; probiotics; spectrometers; sugars
- Abstract:
- ... Lactobacillus, the major genus of lactic acid bacteria group, plays functional roles in the human body, for example, convert sugars to lactic acid. They are the significant microbiota which can be found at a number of human body sites, such as the digestive system, urinary system, and genital system. A number of Lactobacillus species are often used as probiotics and can benefit host health when ad ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.mimet.2018.10.013
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2018.10.013
- Author:
- Bernadene A. Magnuson; Ashley Roberts; Earle R. Nestmann
- Source:
- Food and chemical toxicology 2017 v.106 pp. 324-355
- ISSN:
- 0278-6915
- Subject:
- acceptable daily intake; average daily intake; beverages; carcinogenicity; children; clinical trials; databases; diabetes; digestive system; genotoxicity; glycemic control; health status; humans; immunotoxicity; intestinal microorganisms; neurotoxicity; pharmacokinetics; reproduction; sucralose; sugars; taste receptors; toxicology
- Abstract:
- ... Sucralose is a non-caloric high intensity sweetener that is approved globally for use in foods and beverages. This review provides an updated summary of the literature addressing the safety of use of sucralose. Studies reviewed include chemical characterization and stability, toxicokinetics in animals and humans, assessment of genotoxicity, and animal and human feeding studies. Endpoints evaluated ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.fct.2017.05.047
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2017.05.047
- Author:
- Uri Gophna; Tom Konikoff; Henrik Bjørn Nielsen
- Source:
- Environmental microbiology 2017 v.19 no.3 pp. 835-841
- ISSN:
- 1462-2912
- Subject:
- Clostridium; Oscillospira; animal products; bacteria; biochemical pathways; butyrates; diet; digestive system; genes; humans; inflammation; intestinal microorganisms; metabolism; metagenomics; ribosomal RNA; sequence homology; sugars
- Abstract:
- ... Oscillospira is an under‐studied anaerobic bacterial genus from Clostridial cluster IV that has resisted cultivation for over a century since the first time it was observed. In recent years its 16S rRNA gene was identified in several human gut microbiota studies where it was often associated with interesting traits, especially leanness. However, very little is known about its metabolism or physiol ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/1462-2920.13658
- https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.13658
- Author:
- Charlotte Bryant; John Mclaughlin
- Source:
- Physiology & behavior 2016 v.164 pp. 482-485
- ISSN:
- 0031-9384
- Subject:
- digestive system; food intake; gastrointestinal motility; hormones; humans; laboratory animals; models; sugars; sweeteners; taste; taste receptors
- Abstract:
- ... The importance of nutrient induced gut-brain signalling in the regulation of human food intake has become an increasing focus of research. Much of the caloric excess consumed comes from dietary sugars, but our knowledge about the mechanisms mediating the physiological and appetitive effects of sweet tastants in the human gut and gut-brain axis is far from complete. The comparative effects of natur ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.04.026
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.04.026
- Author:
- Zhan Yang; Simo Huang; Dayang Zou; Derong Dong; Xiaoming He; Ningwei Liu.; Wei Liu; Liuyu Huang
- Source:
- Amino acids 2016 v.48 no.12 pp. 2731-2745
- ISSN:
- 0939-4451
- Subject:
- Bifidobacterium; Enterobacteriaceae; amino acids; antigens; blood serum; dietary supplements; digestive system; ecosystems; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; humans; intestinal microorganisms; lipid metabolism; longevity; metabolites; mice; microbiome; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; ribosomal DNA; sugars
- Abstract:
- ... The importance of gut microbiota to health has gained extensive attention and is strongly correlated with diet. Dietary supplementation with a branched-chain amino acid-enriched mixture (BCAAem) exerts a variety of beneficial effects in mice and humans. In mice, BCAAem supplementation can promote longevity, but its influence on the gut ecosystem and the underlying mechanism remain unclear. To addr ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s00726-016-2308-y
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-016-2308-y
- Author:
- Yosef Schlein; Günter C. Müller
- Source:
- Acta tropica 2012 v.124 no.1 pp. 48-53
- ISSN:
- 0001-706X
- Subject:
- Culex pipiens; adults; baits; breeding sites; digestive system; females; habitats; hills; humans; ponds; sewage; spraying; sugars; toxicity; vegetation; Israel
- Abstract:
- ... The distribution of resting Culex pipiens s.l., L. in vegetation at the margins of breeding sites and the effects of a narrow, surrounding, sprayed belt of sugar, food dye and toxin on adult mosquitoes were studied near two pairs of control and experimental sewage ponds close to human habitation in the Judean hills. Control belts were without toxin. A sprayed belt of sugar and toxin 0.5m from the ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.actatropica.2012.06.007
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2012.06.007
- Author:
- Darab Ghadimi; Mohamed Hassan; Patrisio Njiru Njeru; Michael de Vrese; Arnold Geis; Samweul I. Shalabi; Sabah T. Abdel‐Razek; Abd El‐Al A. Abdel‐Khair; Knut J. Heller; Jürgen Schrezenmeir
- Source:
- Molecular nutrition & food research 2011 v.55 no.10 pp. 1533-1542
- ISSN:
- 1613-4125
- Subject:
- secretion; genes; gel electrophoresis; ABC transporters; sugars; lipoproteins; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; humans; glutamine; bacterial adhesion; Pennisetum glaucum; Lactobacillus fermentum; suppression subtractive hybridization; enterocytes; dough; glycosylation; probiotics; molecular biology; bacteria
- Abstract:
- ... Scope: Human β‐defensin 2 (hBD‐2) is an inducible antimicrobial peptide synthesized by the epithelium to counteract bacterial adherence and invasion. It has been suggested that probiotic bacteria sustain gut barrier function via induction of defensins. The goals of this study were (i) to evaluate the potential immunomodulatory effects of 11 different Lactobacillus fermentum strains isolated from K ...
- DOI:
- 10.1002/mnfr.201100052
- PubMed:
- 21710560
- https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.201100052