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You searched for: Subject term dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry Remove constraint Subject term: dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry Subject term bone density Remove constraint Subject term: bone density
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1. Laboratory assessment of human body composition

Author:
Lukaski, Henry C.
Source:
Obesity & health 1991 v.5 no.4 pp. 63
ISSN:
1044-1522
Subject:
dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; magnetic resonance imaging; laboratory techniques; body weight; computed tomography; body fat distribution; bone density; body mass index; accuracy; lean body mass; weighing devices
Handle:
10113/49517

2. Controlled Trial of the Effects of Milk Basic Protein (MBP) Supplementation on Bone Metabolism in Healthy Adult Women

Author:
Seichiro AOE; Yasuhiro TOBA; Jun-ichi YAMAMURA; Hiroshi KAWAKAMI; Masatoshi YAHIRO; Masayoshi KUMEGAWA; Akira ITABASHI; Yukihiro TAKADA
Source:
Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry 2001 v.65 no.4 pp. 913-918
ISSN:
1347-6947
Subject:
adults; alkaline phosphatase; biotechnology; blood serum; bone density; bone formation; bone health; bone resorption; collagen; creatinine; crosslinking; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; food intake; food records; milk; osteocalcin; placebos; urine; whey protein
Abstract:
... Milk has more beneficial effects on bone health compared to other food sources. Recent in vitro and in vivo studies showed that milk whey protein, especially its basic protein fraction, contains several components capable of both promoting bone formation and inhibiting bone resorption. However, the effects of milk basic protein (MBP) on bone metabolism of humans are not known. The object of this s ...
DOI:
10.1271/bbb.65.913

3. Age, sex, ethnicity, body composition, and resting energy expenditure of obese African American and white children and adolescents

Author:
Tershakovec, Andrew M.; Kuppler, Kerri M.; Zemel, Babette; Stallings, Virginia A.
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2002 v.75 no.5 pp. 867-871
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; resting energy expenditure; African Americans; girls; ethnic differences; bone density; Whites; children; adolescents; childhood obesity; weight control; boys; lean body mass
Abstract:
... Background: African Americans may have a lower resting energy expenditure (REE) than do whites, although the data are limited for obese children and adolescents and for boys. Differences in bone density and trunk lean body mass may account for some of these measured differences in REE. Objective: We assessed the REE and body composition of obese African American and white children and adolescents. ...
PubMed:
11976160

4. Bone Morphology, Strength and Density Are Compromised in Iron-Deficient Rats and Exacerbated by Calcium Restriction

Author:
Medeiros, Denis M.; Plattner, Aaron; Jennings, Dianne; Stoecker, Barbara
Source:
Journal of nutrition 2002 v.132 no.10 pp. 3135-3141
ISSN:
0022-3166
Subject:
bone density; calcium; diet; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; femur; iron; minerals; rats; tibia; weanlings
Abstract:
... Rats fed an iron-deficient diet develop decreased bone mass and increased fragility. This study documents that rats fed two minerals likely to be low in American diets, calcium and iron, had dramatic changes in bone density and morphometry. Weanling male Long-Evans rats were fed a diet that was either deficient in iron (5-8 mg/kg or 89-143 μmol/kg diet), low in calcium (1.0 g/kg Ca or 0.025 mol/kg ...
PubMed:
12368407

5. Children who avoid drinking cow milk have low dietary calcium intakes and poor bone health

Author:
Black, Ruth E.; Williams, Sheila M.; Jones, Ianthe E.; Golding, Ailsa
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2002 v.76 no.3 pp. 675-680
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
beverages; body composition; bone density; bone fractures; bone mineralization; calcium; children; drinking; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; femur; food frequency questionnaires; lumbar spine; milk; mineral content; taste
Abstract:
... Background: Information concerning the adequacy of bone mineralization in children who customarily avoid drinking cow milk is sparse. Objective: The objective was to evaluate dietary calcium intakes, anthropometric measures, and bone health in prepubertal children with a history of long-term milk avoidance. Design: We recruited 50 milk avoiders (30 girls, 20 boys) aged 3-10 y by advertisement. We ...
PubMed:
12198017

6. Contribution of Calcium and Other Dietary Components to Global Variations in Bone Mineral Density in Young Adults

Author:
R.M. Parr; A. Dey; E.V. McCloskey; N. Aras; A. Balogh; A. Borelli; S. Krishnan; G. Lobo; L.L. Qin; Y. Zhang; S. Cvijetic; V. Zaichick; M. Lim-Abraham; K. Bose; S. Wynchank; G.V. Iyengar
Source:
Food and nutrition bulletin v.23 no.3_suppl1 pp. 180-184
ISSN:
0379-5721
Subject:
bone density; calcium; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; energy; femur; isotopes; lifestyle; lumbar spine; men; nutrient content; osteoporosis; research projects; women; young adults; Brazil; Canada; Chile; China; Croatia; Hungary; Philippines; Russia; Singapore; South Africa; Turkey (country); United Kingdom
Abstract:
... A research project on comparative international studies of osteoporosis using isotope techniques was organized by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) with the participation of 12 countries (Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Croatia, Hungary, Philippines, Russia, Singapore, South Africa, Turkey, and the United Kingdom). Participating centers in 11 countries (all but the UK) made measurements ...
DOI:
10.1177/15648265020233S135

7. Dietary Protein, Phosphorus and Potassium Are Beneficial to Bone Mineral Density in Adult Men Consuming Adequate Dietary Calcium

Author:
Whiting, Susan J.; Boyle, Jennifer L.; Thompson, Angela; Mirwald, Robert L.; Faulkner, Robert A.
Source:
Journal of the American College of Nutrition 2002 v.21 no.5 pp. 402-409
ISSN:
0731-5724
Subject:
adults; bone density; calcium; dietary protein; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; energy intake; food frequency questionnaires; hips; lean body mass; lumbar spine; men; models; nutrients; phosphorus; potassium; prediction; regression analysis
Abstract:
... Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine relationships of calcium (Ca), protein (Pr), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) to measures of bone mineral density in adult men. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of 57 men ages 39 to 42 years who were participants in an ongoing study. Dietary assessment was conducted using the Block food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). BMD of total body (TB), hi ...
DOI:
10.1080/07315724.2002.10719242
PubMed:
12356781

8. Dietary oxygen radical absorbance capacity as a predictor of bone mineral density

Author:
Lachnicht, Danielle; Brevard, Patricia B.; Wagner, Tammy L.; DeMars, Christine E.
Source:
Nutrition research 2002 v.22 no.12 pp. 1389-1399
ISSN:
0271-5317
Subject:
bone density; calcium; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; food frequency questionnaires; foods; free radicals; fruits; lifestyle; oxygen radical absorbance capacity; physical activity; vegetables; women
Abstract:
... Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured at the middle phalange of the non-dominant hand by dual x-ray absorptiometry in a random sample of 123 women aged 19 to 63 years. Monthly intake of foods with high Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) was obtained using a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), ORAC scores were calculated, and lifestyle factors were used as confounding variables. After adju ...

9. Effect of cyclical intravenous clodronate therapy on bone mineral density and markers of bone turnover in patients receiving home parenteral nutrition

Author:
Haderslev, Kent V.; Tjellesen, Lone; Sorensen, Henrik A.; Staun, Michael
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2002 v.76 no.2 pp. 482-488
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
biomarkers; bone density; bone resorption; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; intravenous injection; lumbar spine; osteocalcin; osteoporosis; parenteral feeding; patients; risk
Abstract:
... Background: Patients receiving home parenteral nutrition (HPN) because of intestinal failure are at high risk of developing osteoporosis. Objective: We studied the effect of the bisphosphonate clodronate on bone mineral density (BMD) and markers of bone turnover in HPN patients. Design: A 12-mo, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted to study the effect of 1500 mg clodron ...
PubMed:
12145026

10. Relations between frame size and body composition and bone mineral status

Author:
Chumlea, William Cameron; Wisemandle, Wayne; Guo, Shumei S.; Siervogel, Roger M.
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2002 v.75 no.6 pp. 1012-1016
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; men; women; variance; longitudinal studies; bone density; body size; skeleton; mineral content; lean body mass; body fat
Abstract:
... Background: Frame size is a description of the supportive structure of the skeleton that is used to adjust for skeletal mass and size in measures of body composition and weight. Objective: Data from the Fels Longitudinal Study were used to investigate the relation between bicristal, elbow, knee, biacromial, and wrist breadths and measures of total body fat (TBF), fat-free mass (FFM), bone mineral ...
PubMed:
12036807

11. Soy Isoflavones: No Effects on Bone Mineral Content and Bone Mineral Density in Healthy, Menstruating Young Adult Women after One Year

Author:
Anderson, John J.B.; Chen, Xiaowei; Boass, Agna; Symons, Michael; Kohlmeier, Martin; Renner, Jordan B.; Garner, Sanford C.
Source:
Journal of the American College of Nutrition 2002 v.21 no.5 pp. 388-393
ISSN:
0731-5724
Subject:
adults; animal ovaries; body mass index; bone density; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; females; humans; ingredients; isoflavones; lean body mass; menstruation; mineral content; physical activity; postmenopause; protein supplements; soy protein; women
Abstract:
... Background: The effects of isoflavone-enriched soy protein on human bone mineral content (mass) and density in healthy, menstruating young adult females have not been examined in a comparative prospective investigation. Peri- and post-menopausal women have been reported to show beneficial effects of isoflavones on bone measurements. Therefore, young women may also be able to improve their accrual ...
DOI:
10.1080/07315724.2002.10719240
PubMed:
12356779

12. Vitamin D and attainment of peak bone mass among peripubertal Finnish girls: a 3-y prospective study

Author:
Lehtonen-Veromaa, Marjo KM.; Möttönen, Timo T.; Nuotio, Ilpo O.; Irjala, Kerttu MA.; Leino, Aila E.; Viikari, Jorma SA.
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2002 v.76 no.6 pp. 1446-1453
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
bone density; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; femur; girls; lumbar spine; prospective studies; vitamin D
Abstract:
... Background: Little is known about the effect of vitamin D status on bone gain in adolescents. Objective: The objective was to examine whether vitamin D status is associated with accrual of bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral apparent density (BMAD). Design: This 3-y prospective study examined the association between changes in BMD or BMAD and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in 171 heal ...
PubMed:
12450915

13. Accuracy and precision of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry for ex vivo determination of mineral content in turkey poult bones

Author:
Zotti, Alessandro; Rizzi, Chiara; Chiericato, Gianmaria; Bernardini, Daniele
Source:
Veterinary radiology & ultrasound 2003 v.44 no.1 pp. 49-52
ISSN:
1058-8183
Subject:
ash content; bone density; bone strength; correlation; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; equations; humerus; linear models; mineral content; poults
Abstract:
... The right humerus was removed from 30 20-week-old male turkey poults for humerus strength analysis using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and humerus-breaking strength. Specimens were cleaned and dried before scanning. To determine the most precise and accurate protocol of bone densitometry analysis for avian long bones, we scanned each specimen using five different techniques, all aimed to simula ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1740-8261.2003.tb01448.x
PubMed:
12620050

14. Accuracy of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), weight and P2 back fat to predict whole body and carcass composition in pigs within and across experiments

Author:
Suster, D.; Leury, B.J.; Ostrowska, E.; Bulter, K.L.; Kerton, D.J.; Wark, J.D.; Dunshea, F.R.
Source:
Livestock production science 2003 v.84 no.3 pp. 231-242
ISSN:
0301-6226
Subject:
X-radiation; backfat; body composition; body weight; bone density; computer software; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; energy; livestock production; mineral content; nondestructive methods; swine
Abstract:
... An Hologic QDR4500 dual energy X-ray absorptiometer (DXA) was used to measure body composition in 151 pigs ranging from 10 to 120 kg live weight. Large White×Landrace pigs of mixed sexes were selected from five different experiments to evaluate DXA accuracy within and across experiments. Values predicted by DXA including total tissue mass, fat tissue mass, lean tissue mass and bone mineral content ...
DOI:
10.1016/S0301-6226(03)00077-0

15. Body composition of 4- and 5-year-old New Zealand girls: a DXA study of initial adiposity and subsequent 4-year fat change

Author:
Goulding, A.; Taylor, R.W.; Jones, I.E.; Lewis-Barned, N.J.; Williams, S.M.
Source:
International journal of obesity 2003 v.27 no.3 pp. 410-415
ISSN:
0307-0565
Subject:
Whites; X-radiation; adiposity; anthropometric measurements; bone density; cross-sectional studies; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; girls; longitudinal studies; normal values; preschool children; puberty; university research; variance; New Zealand
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Dual-energy X-ray information (DXA) quantitating body fat mass and percentage fat in healthy children of preschool age is scarce. OBJECTIVE: To study the initial variability in body composition and subsequent longitudinalchanges in absolute fat mass (kg) and relative adiposity (fat percentage) in a sample of contemporary young New Zealand girls. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study with a lon ...
DOI:
10.1038/sj.ijo.0802236
PubMed:
12629571

16. Bone Density in Axial and Appendicular Skeleton in Patients with Lactose Intolerance: Influence of Calcium Intake and Vitamin D Status

Author:
Segal, Elena; Dvorkin, Lubov; Lavy, Alexandra; Rozen, Geila S.; Yaniv, Irit; Raz, Batia; Tamir, Ada; Ish-Shalom, Sophia
Source:
Journal of the American College of Nutrition 2003 v.22 no.3 pp. 201-207
ISSN:
0731-5724
Subject:
albumins; alkaline phosphatase; blood serum; bone density; bone metabolism; calcium; correlation; crosslinking; dairy products; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; femur; hips; lactose intolerance; lumbar spine; men; milk substitutes; nutrient intake; parathyroid hormone; patients; phosphates; postmenopause; skeleton; tibia; ultrasonics; vitamin status; women
Abstract:
... Background: Lactose intolerance (LI) is a common enzymatic insufficiency, manifesting by poor tolerance of dairy products, leading to low calcium intake and poor calcium absorption from dairy products. These changes might lead to an impairment of bone metabolism [1]. Objectives: To evaluate the impact of LI on quantitative bone parameters in axial and appendicular skeletal sites. To assess the imp ...
DOI:
10.1080/07315724.2003.10719294
PubMed:
12805246

17. Bone and nutrition in elderly women: protein, energy, and calcium as main determinants of bone mineral density

Author:
Ilich, J.Z.; Brownbill, R.A.; Tamborini, L.
Source:
European journal of clinical nutrition 2003 v.57 no.4 pp. 554-565
ISSN:
0954-3007
Subject:
ascorbic acid; blood serum; body composition; bone density; bone resorption; calcium; computer software; cross-sectional studies; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; elderly; energy intake; food intake; humans; magnesium; nutrients; osteoporosis; parathyroid hormone; postmenopause; regression analysis; variance; vitamin D; walking; women; zinc
Abstract:
... Objective: Nutrition is an important factor in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Our goal was to examine the relationship between various nutrients and bone mass of several skeletal sites in elderly women, taking into account possible confounding variables. Design/methods: A cross-sectional study in 136 healthy Caucasian, postmenopausal women, free of medications known to affect bone w ...
DOI:
10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601577

18. Bone metabolism and risk of secondary hyperparathyroidism 12 months after gastric banding in obese pre-menopausal women

Author:
Pugnale, N.; Giusti, V.; Suter, M.; Zysset, E.; Héraïef, E.; Gaillard, R.C.; Burckhardt, P.
Source:
International journal of obesity 2003 v.27 no.1 pp. 110-116
ISSN:
0307-0565
Subject:
alanine transaminase; alkaline phosphatase; aspartate transaminase; bariatric surgery; bilirubin; blood serum; body fat; body mass index; bone density; bone resorption; calcium; cholecalciferol; creatinine; developmental orthopedic disease; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; femur; gamma-glutamyltransferase; hyperparathyroidism; insulin-like growth factor I; lumbar spine; metabolism; mineral content; patients; proteins; risk; urea; uric acid; weight loss; women
Abstract:
... OBJECTIVE: To evaluate, during the first postoperative year in obese pre-menopausal women, the effects of laparoscopic gastric banding on calcium and vitamin D metabolism, the potential modifications of bone mineral content and bone mineral density, and the risk of development of secondary hyperparathyroidism. SUBJECTS: Thirty-one obese pre-menopausal women aged between 25 and 52 y with a mean bod ...
DOI:
10.1038/sj.ijo.0802177
PubMed:
12532162

19. Conjugated linoleic acid decreases fat accretion in pigs: evaluation by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

Author:
Ostrowska, Ewa; Suster, Danny; Muralitharan, Morley; Cross, Reg F.; Leury, Brian J.; Bauman, Dale E.; Dunshea, Frank R.
Source:
British journal of nutrition 2003 v.89 no.2 pp. 219-229
ISSN:
0007-1145
Subject:
American Landrace; Large White; body fat; bone density; conjugated linoleic acid; diet; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; equations; isomers; lipid content; mineral content; slaughter; swine; swine feeding
Abstract:
... Thirty female Large White × Landrace pigs (average weight 57·2 (SD 1·9) kg) were allocated to one of six dietary treatments containing 0, 1·25, 2·5, 5·0, 7·5 or 10·0 g 55 % conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) isomers (CLA-55)/kg diet and fed for 8 weeks. Each pig was scanned at 0, 28 and 56 d and again at post slaughter using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to determine the temporal pattern of ...
DOI:
10.1079/BJN2002765
PubMed:
12575906

20. Effect of Cyclical Intravenous Clodronate Therapy on Bone Mineral Density and Markers of Bone Turnover in Patients Receiving Home Parenteral Nutrition

Author:
KV Haderslev; L Tjellesen; HA Sorensen; M Staun
Source:
Nutrition in clinical practice v.18 no.2 pp. 176
ISSN:
1941-2452
Subject:
arms (limbs); biomarkers; blood serum; bone density; bone resorption; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; hips; intestines; intravenous injection; lumbar spine; osteocalcin; osteoporosis; parenteral feeding; patients; placebos
Abstract:
... Background: Patients receiving home parenteral nutrition (HPN) because of intestinal failure are at high risk of developing osteoporosis. Objective: We studied the effect of the bisphosphonate clodronate on bone mineral density (BMD) and markers of bone turnover in HPN patients. Design: A 12-mo, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted to study the effect of 1500 mg clodron ...
DOI:
10.1177/0115426503018002176

21. Evaluation of serum concentrations of biochemical markers of bone metabolism and insulin-like growth factor I associated with treadmill exercise in young horses

Author:
Jackson, Brendan F.; Goodship, Allen E.; Eastell, Richard; Price, Joanna S.
Source:
American journal of veterinary research 2003 v.64 no.12 pp. 1549-1556
ISSN:
0002-9645
Subject:
Thoroughbred; alkaline phosphatase; biomarkers; blood serum; bone density; bone formation; bone resorption; bone strength; collagen; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; exercise; insulin-like growth factor I; mares; osteocalcin; walking
Abstract:
... Objective-To evaluate changes in serum concentrations of biochemical markers of bone metabolism and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) associated with treadmill exercise in young horses. Animals-12 two-year-old Thoroughbred mares. Procedure-During a 20-week study period, 6 horses were exercised on a treadmill 3 times a week (exercise group) and 6 horses received walking exercise 6 days a week (c ...
DOI:
10.2460/ajvr.2003.64.1549

22. Fan Beam Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Body Composition Measurements in Piglets

Author:
Chauhan, Sonia; Koo, Winston W.K.; Hammami, Mouhanad; Hockman, Elaine M.
Source:
Journal of the American College of Nutrition 2003 v.22 no.5 pp. 408-414
ISSN:
0731-5724
Subject:
analysis of variance; body composition; body measurements; body weight; bone density; chemical analysis; computer software; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; equations; gender; mineral content; models; nitrogen; piglets; t-test
Abstract:
... Objectives: A piglet model was used to validate and cross validate the fan-beam (FB) dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) software vKH6 and to determine the predictive values of physiologic parameters (weight, length, age and gender) on body composition. Methods: Nineteen piglets (Group A: 600 to 21100 g) were used to validate the FB-DXA measurements of body composition based on chemical analysi ...
DOI:
10.1080/07315724.2003.10719324
PubMed:
14559933

23. Interchangeability of pencil-beam and fan-beam dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measurements in piglets and infants

Author:
Koo, Winston W.K.; Hammami, Mouhanad; Hockman, Elaine M.
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2003 v.78 no.2 pp. 236-240
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
bone density; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; infants; longitudinal studies; mineral content; piglets
Abstract:
... Background: Compared with the older pencil-beam (PB) dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), the newer fan-beam (FB) DXA has the advantage of faster scan acquisition and greater accuracy of body-composition measurement in small subjects. However, no data exist on the relation between the measurements obtained with these techniques. Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate whether P ...
PubMed:
12885703

24. Assessing bone mineral density in vivo: dual energy x-ray absorptiometry

Author:
Hester, P.Y.; Schreiweis, M.A.; Orban, J.I.; Mazzuco, H.; Kopka, M.N.; Ledur, M.C.; Moody, D.E.
Source:
Poultry science 2004 v.83 no.2 pp. 215-221
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; laying hens; broiler breeders; humerus; bone density; animal age; nondestructive methods; mineral content; bone strength; weight; densitometry; tibia; fibula; osteoporosis; egg shell; egg shell thickness; rapid methods; ash content; selection criteria
Abstract:
... Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry can be used as a noninvasive tool to monitor the skeletal integrity of live birds. A pDexa X-ray bone densitometer was used to determine bone mineral densities (BMD) of the left tibia together with the fibula and the humerus of live, unanesthetized birds. Densitometry effectively detected changes in bone integrity of live birds fed varying levels of dietary calcium ...
DOI:
10.1093/ps/83.2.215
PubMed:
14979572

25. Bone mineral density and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level: is there any difference according to the dressing style of the female university students

Author:
Nurten Budak; Betül Çiçek; Habibe Sahin; Ahmet Tutus
Source:
International journal of food sciences and nutrition 2004 v.55 no.7 pp. 569-575
ISSN:
1465-3478
Subject:
Adequate Intakes; blood serum; bone density; bone health; calcium; dietary calcium; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; elderly; etiology; face; females; femur; lumbar spine; osteoporosis; questionnaires; radioimmunoassays; risk; solar radiation; vitamin D; young adults
Abstract:
... Nutrition plays a role in the etiology of osteoporosis. Two of the most important nutrients for bone health are calcium and vitamin D. Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25-(OH)D] is the most sensitive clinical index of vitamin D status and has been found to be positively related to bone mineral density (BMD) in middle-aged and elderly women, and positive relations exist between the BMD of adult women an ...
DOI:
10.1080/09637480400015869

26. Comparison of the osteogenic effects between two surface interferential stimulation devices to enhance surgically based spinal fusion

Author:
Briggs, K.K.; Martinez, S.A.; Smith, L.V.; Carroll, W.J.; Zimmermann, J.A.; Shih, M.S.; Feldman, R.; Lincoln, J.D.
ISSN:
0932-0814
Subject:
arthrodesis; biomechanics; bone density; bone formation; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; electrical treatment; energy; humans; medicine; rabbits
Abstract:
... In human medicine, lumbar spinal fusion procedures for chronic degenerative conditions have significant failure rates leading to the formation of pseudo-arthroses. Adjunct procedures including the use of electrical stimulation devices have been developed in animal models, and utilized in human clinical cases, in an attempt to reduce the incidence of nonunion. A randomized, controlled study was per ...

27. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry of birds: an examination of excised skeletal specimens

Author:
Dirrigl, F.J.; Dalsky, G.P.; Warner, S.E.
Source:
Journal of veterinary medicine 2004 v.51 no.6 pp. 313-319
ISSN:
0931-184X
Subject:
turkeys; wild animals; grouse; Colinus virginianus; skeleton; bone density; mineral content; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; densitometry; computer software; precision
DOI:
10.1111/j.1439-0442.2004.00643.x
PubMed:
15485568

28. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry of the pig: protocol development and evaluation

Author:
Nielsen, D.H.; McEvoy, F.J.; Poulsen, H.L.; Madsen, M.T.; Buelund, L.E.; Svalastoga, E.
Source:
Meat science 2004 v.68 no.2 pp. 235-241
ISSN:
0309-1740
Subject:
swine; bone mineralization; bone density; measurement; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; accuracy; precision; swine feeding; feeds; nutrient content; nutrient deficiencies; dietary minerals; phosphorus; calcium
Abstract:
... As part of a prospective study in bone mineralisation in adult pigs it was necessary to establish guidelines and to define sites for bone mineral measurements. Particular requirements were that, the protocol should be suitable for a mass screening programme in both postmortem specimens and in live animals, and should deliver results of known reliability. Estimates of bone mineral content (BMC) and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.meatsci.2004.03.002
PubMed:
22062232

29. Validation of bone mass and body composition measurements in small subjects with pencil beam dual energy X-ray absorptiometry

Author:
Koo, W.W.K.; Hammami, M.; Hockman, E.M.
Source:
Journal of the American College of Nutrition 2004 v.23 no.1 pp. 79-84
ISSN:
0731-5724
Subject:
body composition; bone density; animal models; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; piglets
Abstract:
... Objective: To validate the most widely reported dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) technique for the measurement of bone mass and body composition in human infants with a piglet model. Methods: Duplicate scans were obtained in 13 piglets (1950g to 21100g) using a whole body densitometer (Hologic QDR 2000 plus, Hologic Inc., Waltham, MA) operated in the pencil-beam mode on a two platform (alumi ...
DOI:
10.1080/07315724.2004.10719346
PubMed:
14963057

30. Validation of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry for determining in vivo body composition of chickens

Author:
Swennen, Q.; Janssens, G.P.J.; Geers, R.; Decuypere, E.; Buyse, J.
Source:
Poultry science 2004 v.83 no.8 pp. 1348-1357
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
broiler chickens; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; equations; regression analysis; bone density; computer software; lean body mass
Abstract:
... The purpose of this study was to validate dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for measuring the body composition of chickens in vivo. Four trials were conducted with broiler chickens using a DXA instrument (Lunar, DPX-L) and small animal total body scan software (version 4.7a). In the first 2 trials, the effects of scan mode (high resolution or detail slow), scanning position (ventral or dorsal ...
DOI:
10.1093/ps/83.8.1348
PubMed:
15339010

31. Vertebral mineral density measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in a group of healthy Italian boxer dogs

Author:
Zotti, A.; Isola, M.; Sturaro, E.; Menegazzo, L.; Piccinini, P.; Bernardini, D.
Source:
Journal of veterinary medicine 2004 v.51 no.5 pp. 254-258
ISSN:
0931-184X
Subject:
dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; diagnostic techniques; vertebrae; body weight; dogs; gender; bone density; measurement; animal age; dog breeds
DOI:
10.1111/j.1439-0442.2004.00630.x
PubMed:
15315706

32. Dual-energy X-ray absorptionmetry in canine Legg-Calve-Perthes disease

Author:
Isola, M.; Zotti, A.; Carnier, P.; Baroni, E.; Busetto, R.
Source:
Journal of veterinary medicine 2005 v.52 no.8 pp. 407-410
ISSN:
0931-184X
Subject:
dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; diagnostic techniques; disease detection; hips; dog diseases; bone diseases; dogs; body weight; gender differences; bone density; bone mineralization; femur
DOI:
10.1111/j.1439-0442.2005.00746.x

33. Effect of prepubertal ovariohysterectomy on bone mineral density and bone mineral content in puppies

Author:
H. Ekici; B. H. Sontas; T. S. F. Toydemir; Ö. Senmevsim; L. Kabasakal; Y. Imre
Source:
Acta veterinaria Hungarica 2005 v.53 no.4 pp. 469-478
ISSN:
0236-6290
Subject:
body weight; bone density; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; mineral content; mixed breeds; puppies; spaying
Abstract:
... In this study, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was performed on the calcaneus (CAL) and accessory carpal bone (ACB) of early-age neutered (n = 11) and sham-operated puppies (n = 10) to investigate changes in bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) over time. Prepubertal ovariohysterectomy and sham surgery were performed at 10 weeks, while BMD and BMC were measured at 12, 1 ...
DOI:
10.1556/AVet.53.2005.4.7

34. Effects of calcium, dairy product, and vitamin D supplementation on bone mass accrual and body composition in 10-12-y-old girls: a 2-y randomized trial

Author:
Cheng, Sulin; Lyytikäinen, Arja; Kröger, Heikki; Lamberg-Allardt, Christel; Alén, Markku; Koistinen, Arvo; Wang, Qing Ju; Suuriniemi, Miia; Suominen, Harri; Mahonen, Anitta; Nicholson, Patrick HF; Ivaska, Kaisa K; Korpela, Riitta; Ohlsson, Claes; Väänänen, Kalervo H; Tylavsky, Frances
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2005 v.82 no.5 pp. 1115-1126
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
child nutrition; adolescent nutrition; adolescents; girls; nutritional intervention; cheeses; dietary minerals; calcium; vitamin supplements; 25-hydroxyergocalciferol; vitamin metabolism; mineral metabolism; bone mineralization; bone density; body composition; youth development; puberty; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; long term effects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Little is known about the relative effectiveness of calcium supplementation from food or pills with or without vitamin D supplementation for bone mass accrual during the rapid growth period. OBJECTIVE: The purpose was to examine the effects of both food-based and pill supplements of calcium and vitamin D on bone mass and body composition in girls aged 10-12 y. DESIGN: This placebo-cont ...
PubMed:
16280447

35. Evaluation of subchondral bone mineral density associated with articular cartilage structure and integrity in healthy equine joints with different functional demands

Author:
Lewis, C.W.; Williamson, A.K.; Chen, A.C.; Bae, W.C.; Temple, M.M.; Wong, V.W.; Nugent, G.E.; James, S.P.; Wheeler, D.L.; Sah, R.L.
Source:
American journal of veterinary research 2005 v.66 no.10 pp. 1823-1829
ISSN:
0002-9645
Subject:
dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; horses; tensile strength; cartilage; bone density; spatial variation; joints (animal); bone strength
DOI:
10.2460/ajvr.2005.66.1823
PubMed:
16273917

36. Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Bone Mineral Content in Overweight Latino Children With a Family History of Type 2 Diabetes

Author:
Afghani, Afrooz; Cruz, Martha L.; Goran, Michael I.
Source:
Diabetes care 2005 v.28 no.2 pp. 372-378
ISSN:
0149-5992
Subject:
Latinos; bone density; boys; childhood obesity; children; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; fasting; girls; glucose; glucose tolerance; glycemic control; insulin; intravenous injection; linear models; mineral content; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; variance
Abstract:
... OBJECTIVE:--Research on the skeletal status of pre-diabetic (type 2 diabetic) children is warranted. We examined the hypothesis that bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) will be lower in children with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) versus normal glucose tolerance (NGT). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS--Total body BMC and BMD of 184 overweight Latino children (106 boys, 78 girls, ...
DOI:
10.2337/diacare.28.2.372
PubMed:
15677795

37. Lower serum albumin concentration and change in muscle mass: the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study

Author:
Visser, Marjolein; Kritchevsky, Stephen B; Newman, Anne B; Goodpaster, Bret H; Tylavsky, Frances A; Nevitt, Michael C; Harris, Tamara B
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2005 v.82 no.3 pp. 531-537
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
sensation; serum albumin; body composition; bone density; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; inflammation; biomarkers; protein intake; men; women; elderly nutrition; risk factors
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Low albumin concentrations in older persons increase the risk of poor health outcomes, including functional decline. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to investigate the association between serum albumin concentration and skeletal muscle loss (sarcopenia) in old age. DESIGN: Serum albumin concentration was measured in 1882 black and white men and women aged 70-79 y participating in t ...
PubMed:
16155264

38. The accuracy of predicting carcass composition of three different pig genetic lines by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

Author:
Marcoux, M.; Faucitano, L.; Pomar, C.
Source:
Meat science 2005 v.70 no.4 pp. 655-663
ISSN:
0309-1740
Subject:
dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; backfat; Meishan; gilts; meat composition; accuracy; meat quality; carcass weight; pig carcasses; bone density; synthetic genes; Large White; line differences; lean meat; breeding lines; prediction
Abstract:
... The accuracy of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for predicting carcass composition was evaluated by applying this technology to 95 half-carcasses of gilts from three genetic lines of widely varying composition. The DXA measurements of total weight, fat and lean masses and bone mineral content were used to predict the dissected lean, fat, bone and weight of the major primal cuts and the over ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.meatsci.2005.02.015
PubMed:
22063893

39. Body Composition Assessment for Development of an International Growth Standard for Preadolescent and Adolescent Children

Author:
Timothy G. Lohman; Scott B. Going
Source:
Food and nutrition bulletin v.27 no.4_suppl5 pp. S314
ISSN:
0379-5721
Subject:
adolescents; body mass index; bone density; children; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; fat mass index; lean body mass; overweight; underweight; waist circumference; youth
Abstract:
... General considerations in assessing body composition in children and youths are described. Various methods are explored and recommendations are made for methods to be used in the International Growth Standard for Preadolescent and Adolescent Children Project. Exclusion of under- and overweight participants is recommended, and a method is proposed to assess both underweight and overweight. In addit ...
DOI:
10.1177/15648265060274S512

40. Body composition in children in remission from acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Author:
Murphy, Alexia J; Wells, Jonathan CK; Williams, Jane E; Fewtrell, Mary S; Davies, Peter SW; Webb, David K
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2006 v.83 no.1 pp. 70-74
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; weight gain; acute course; drug therapy; body weight; remission; body water; risk factors; lymphocytic leukemia; height; children; bone density; patients; dexamethasone; lean body mass; prednisolone
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Changes in body composition are commonly reported in pediatric survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, the effect of ALL and of its treatment on body composition in children in remission from ALL has not been fully examined with the use of a reference method. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to determine the body composition and composition of fat-free mass (FFM) in children in r ...
PubMed:
16400052

41. Colas, but not other carbonated beverages, are associated with low bone mineral density in older women: The Framingham Osteoporosis Study

Author:
Tucker, Katherine L.; Morita, Kyoko; Qiao, Ning; Hannan, Marian T.; Cupples, L. Adrienne; Kiel, Douglas P.
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2006 v.84 no.4 pp. 936-942
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
epidemiological studies; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; human diseases; food intake; caffeine; men; image analysis; women; bone diseases; correlation; carbonated beverages; bone density; phosphoric acid; food frequency questionnaires; bone mineralization; adverse effects; disease incidence; United States
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Soft drink consumption may have adverse effects on bone mineral density (BMD), but studies have shown mixed results. In addition to displacing healthier beverages, colas contain caffeine and phosphoric acid (H3PO4), which may adversely affect bone. OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that consumption of cola is associated with lower BMD. DESIGN: BMD was measured at the spine and 3 hip sites in ...
PubMed:
17023723

42. Effects of alfalfa and fructooligosaccharide on molting parameters and bone qualities using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry and conventional bone assays

Author:
Kim, W.K.; Donalson, L.M.; Mitchell, A.D.; Kubena, L.F.; Nisbet, D.J.; Ricke, S.C.
Source:
Poultry science 2006 v.85 no.1 pp. 15-20
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
laying hens; induced molting; feed deprivation; bone density; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; bone strength; calcium; intestinal absorption
Abstract:
... The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of alfalfa and fructooligosaccharides (FOS) on molting performance and bone parameters compared with the conventional feed withdrawal molting procedure. A total of 36 Single Comb White Leghorn hens (84 wk of age) were used for this experiment. The hens were divided into 6 treatment groups with 6 birds per treatment: pretrial control (PC), full fed (FF) ...
Handle:
10113/3880
DOI:
10.1093/ps/85.1.15
PubMed:
16493940

43. Identification of quantitative trait loci affecting body composition in a mouse intercross

Author:
Vitarius, James A.; Sehayek, Ephraim; Breslow, Jan L.
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2006 v.103 no.52 pp. 19860-19865
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
body composition; body length; body mass index; bone density; chromosome mapping; densitometry; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; females; heterozygosity; homozygosity; loci; mice; mineral content; obesity; phenotype; quantitative trait loci; surveys; variance
Abstract:
... Gravimetric analysis and dual energy x-ray absorptiometry densitometry were used to determine lean, fat, and bone tissue traits in a F₂ mouse population from a C57BL/6J and CASA/Rk intercross (B6CASAF2). These traits were used in a linkage analysis to identify quantitative trait loci that affect body composition. Linkage mapping showed that body weight (BW) loci on proximal chromosome 2 occurred i ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0609232103
PubMed:
17179051
PubMed Central:
PMC1750913

44. One-year soy isoflavone supplementation prevents early postmenopausal bone loss but without a dose-dependent effect

Author:
Huang, H.Y.; Yang, H.P.; Yang, H.T.; Yang, T.C.; Shieh, M.J.; Huang, S.Y.
Source:
Journal of nutritional biochemistry 2006 v.17 no.8 pp. 509-517
ISSN:
0955-2863
Subject:
nutrient intake; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; isoflavones; long term experiments; soy protein; women; dose response; menopause; bone mineralization; bone density; estrogenic properties; randomized clinical trials; dietary supplements; Taiwan
Abstract:
... It is believed that soy isoflavone has much potential effectiveness on the postmenopausal status; however, the optimal dose for preventing postmenopausal bone loss still remains unclear. This open-labeled, self-controlled pilot study was undertaken to determine the effect of 1-year supplementation of different high dosages of soy isoflavone in postmenopausal Taiwanese women. Forty-three women aged ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jnutbio.2006.01.003
PubMed:
16563719

45. Relation of body composition, fat mass, and serum lipids to osteoporotic fractures and bone mineral density in Chinese men and women

Author:
Hsu, Yi-Hsiang; Venners, Scott A; Terwedow, Henry A; Feng, Yan; Niu, Tianhua; Li, Zhiping; Laird, Nan; Brain, Joseph D; Cummings, Steve R; Bouxsein, Mary L; Rosen, Cliff J; Xu, Xiping
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2006 v.83 no.1 pp. 146-154
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
men; women; young adults; middle-aged adults; menopause; osteoporosis; bone fractures; bone resorption; osteopenia; risk factors; body weight; body fat; body mass index; blood lipids; low density lipoprotein; cholesterol; triacylglycerols; very low density lipoprotein; high density lipoprotein; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; cohort studies; bone density; China
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Higher fat mass may be an independent risk factor for osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine the independent contribution of fat mass to osteoporosis and to estimate the risk of osteoporotic fractures in relation to body weight, lean mass, and other confounders. DESIGN: This was a community-based, cross-sectional study of 7137 men, 4585 premenopausal ...
PubMed:
16400063

46. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in girls aged 4-8 y living in the southeastern United States

Author:
Stein, Elizabeth M; Laing, Emma M; Hall, Daniel B; Hausman, Dorothy B; Kimlin, Michael G; Johnson, Mary Ann; Modlesky, Christopher M; Wilson, Alissa R; Lewis, Richard D
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2006 v.83 no.1 pp. 75-81
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
nutrition assessment; child nutrition; children; girls; puberty; races; lifestyle; Blacks; Whites; Americans; nutritional status; vitamin deficiencies; food intake; multivitamin supplements; blood serum; 25-hydroxyergocalciferol; vitamin content; bone density; bone mineralization; seasonal variation; cross-sectional studies; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; anthropometric measurements; lumbar spine; Georgia
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests that adults and adolescents throughout the United States are at risk of poor vitamin D status. However, vitamin D concentrations in young American children have not been assessed. OBJECTIVE: The relations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and bone were examined in prepubertal girls. DESIGN: In the present cross-sectional study, serum 25(OH)D concentration wa ...
PubMed:
16400053

47. Accuracy of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, weight, longissimus lumborum muscle depth and GR fat depth to predict half carcass composition in sheep

Author:
Dunshea, F.R.; Suster, D.; Eason, P.J.; Warner, R.D.; Hopkins, D.L.; Ponnampalam, E.N.
Source:
Animal production science 2007 v.47 no.10 pp. 1165-1171
ISSN:
0816-1089
Subject:
dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; estimation; lipid content; carcass characteristics; thickness; muscles; sheep; body weight; regression analysis; bone density; ash content; nondestructive methods; fat thickness; measurement; lean body mass; backfat; prediction
DOI:
10.1071/EA07039

48. BMI, fat and muscle differences in urban women of five ethnicities from two countries

Author:
Rush, E.C.; Goedecke, J.H.; Jennings, C.; Micklesfield, L.; Dugas, L.; Lambert, E.V.; Plank, L.D.
Source:
International journal of obesity 2007 v.31 no.8 pp. 1232-1239
ISSN:
0307-0565
Subject:
dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; urban areas; bone density; obesity; abdominal fat; bone mineralization; nationalities and ethnic groups; women; skeletal muscle; epidemiological studies; developing countries; body mass index; normal values; reference standards; developed countries; South Africa; New Zealand
Abstract:
... Objective: To investigate body composition differences, especially the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and percent body fat (%BF), among five ethnic groups. Design: Cross-sectional. Subjects: Seven hundred and twenty-one apparently healthy women aged 18-60 years (BMI: 17.4-54.0 kg/m2) from South Africa (SA, 201 black, 94 European) and New Zealand (NZ, 173 European, 76 Maori, 84 Pacific, ...
DOI:
10.1038/sj.ijo.0803576
PubMed:
17342075

49. Body composition, muscle function, and energy expenditure in patients with liver cirrhosis: a comprehensive study

Author:
Peng, Szelin; Plank, Lindsay D.; McCall, John L.; Gillanders, Lyn K.; McIlroy, Kerry; Gane, Edward J.
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2007 v.85 no.5 pp. 1257-1266
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
liver cirrhosis; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; strength training; resting energy expenditure; nutritional status; energy intake; men; women; skeletal muscle; gender differences; middle-aged adults; disease severity; bone density; protein depletion; patients; protein content; mineral content; calorimetry; body fat
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Data describing the nutritional status of patients with liver cirrhosis of diverse origin, as assessed by direct body-composition methods, are limited. OBJECTIVE: We sought to provide a comprehensive assessment of nutritional status and metabolic activity in patients with liver cirrhosis by using the most accurate direct methods available. DESIGN: Two hundred sixty-eight patients (179 ...
PubMed:
17490961

50. Genotype and age effects on sheep meat production. 4. Carcass composition predicted by dural energy X-ray absorptiometry

Author:
Ponnampalam, E.N.; Hopkins, D.L.; Dunshea, F.R.; Pethick, D.W.; Butler, K.L.; Warner, R.D.
Source:
Animal production science 2007 v.47 no.10 pp. 1172-1179
ISSN:
0816-1089
Subject:
age at slaughter; breed differences; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; carcass characteristics; mutton; marbling; animal age; bone density; ash content; genotype; wethers; ewes; genetic variation; bone mineralization; mineral content; sheep breeds; lean body mass; carcass composition; body fat
DOI:
10.1071/EA07008