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1. Adult Equivalent Scales: An Alternative Approach

Author:
Rueben C. Buse; Larry E. Salathe
Source:
American journal of agricultural economics 1978 v.60 no.3 pp. 460-468
ISSN:
0002-9092
Subject:
agricultural economics; children; elderly; food groups; fruits; household expenditure; models; pork; statistical analysis
Abstract:
... Adult equivalent scales were estimated for five food groups and total food consumed at home. The scales were specified as continuous functions of age and restrictions were placed on the scales so that they approximate the way an individual affects household food expenditures throughout his life. The scale function is easily incorporated into expenditure models, and statistical tests can be used to ...
DOI:
10.2307/1239943

2. Reunion between elderly parents and their distant children

Author:
Moss, M.S.; Moss, S.Z.
Source:
American behavioral scientist 1988 v.31 no.6 pp. 654-668
ISSN:
0002-7642
Subject:
parent-child relationships; elderly; parents; children; geographical distribution; United States
DOI:
10.1177/0002764288031006005

3. The Social Support Functions of Siblings in Later Life : A Theoretical Model

Author:
Paula Smith Avioli
Source:
TheAmerican behavioral scientist 1989 v.33 no.1 pp. 45-57
ISSN:
0002-7642
Subject:
children; elderly; peers; siblings; social support
Abstract:
... Social support networks of older adults have received much attention lately, as they are viewed as patterns of continuous ties and interchanges of assistance that play a significant role in maintaining the psychological, social, and physical integrity of old people over time (Cantor and Little, 1985). However, most gerontological research has focused on the support functions of a spouse or adult c ...
DOI:
10.1177/0002764289033001005

4. Nutritional Factors and Cellular Immune Responses

Author:
Yasuo Kishino; Satoru Moriguchi
Source:
Nutrition and health v.8 no.2-3 pp. 133-141
ISSN:
2047-945X
Subject:
cell-mediated immunity; children; diet; elderly; exercise; immune response; intestines; lungs; macrophages; neoplasms; nutrients; rats; vitamin A
Abstract:
... Nutritional factors affect the immune response to infection and cancer in the elderly as well as young children. We studied the effects of lower and higher intake of food or nutrients on the immune cells of macrophage-lymphocyte series in the lung of rats. In rats of all ages taking voluntary exercise, a well balanced diet that contains adequate protein (20–40%) is crucial for maintenance of high ...
DOI:
10.1177/026010609200800308

5. Rotten kids or manipulative parents: are children old age security in western Kenya

Author:
Hoddinott, J.
Source:
Economic development and cultural change 1992 v.40 no.3 pp. 545-565
ISSN:
0013-0079
Subject:
children; elderly; family structure; demography; household income; utility functions; Kenya
DOI:
10.1086/451960

6. Differences in the use of health services by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan elderly

Author:
Himes, C.L.; Rutrough, T.S.
Source:
Journal of rural health 1994 v.10 no.2 pp. 80-88
ISSN:
0890-765X
Subject:
geographical distribution; elderly; support systems; urban areas; children; socioeconomic status; needs assessment; rural areas; health services; United States
Abstract:
... This study examined the importance of place of residence on the elderly's use of health services through Andersen's framework of health service utilization. The study found that nonmetropolitan elderly, both farm and nonfarm, make fewer physician visits than their metropolitan counterparts. This difference is not explained by differences in their predisposing or need characteristics. No residentia ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1748-0361.1994.tb00214.x
PubMed:
10134716

7. Dietary fibre composition of Indian foods and intakes of Indian vegetarian populations

Author:
Khokhar, S.; Pushpanjali.
Source:
Journal of human nutrition and dietetics 1995 v.8 no.6 pp. 447-456
ISSN:
0952-3871
Subject:
elderly; nutrient content; food composition; cooking; nutrient intake; vegetarian diet; food analysis; raw foods; cellulose; adolescents; legumes; dietary fiber; hemicellulose; pectins; children; grain crops; acid detergent fiber; gender differences; vegetables; India
Abstract:
... The dietary fibre contents of the cereals, pulses and vegetables commonly consumed in northern India have been determined as neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) by using the method of Van Soest and Wines (1967). Total dietary fibre (TDF) was calculated as the total sum of cellulose (from ADF fraction), hemicellulose (NDF-ADF) and pectin (Ranganna, 1977). Total dietary fibr ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-277X.1995.tb00340.x

8. Anthropometric Reference Data for International Use: Recommendations from a who Expert Committee

Author:
Mercedes de Onis; Jean-Pierre Habicht
Source:
Food and nutrition bulletin v.18 no.2 pp. 1-12
ISSN:
0379-5721
Subject:
National Center for Health Statistics; World Health Organization; adolescents; body mass index; breast feeding; children; elderly; guidelines; health status; infants; obesity; statistical analysis; subcutaneous fat
Abstract:
... The World Health Organization (WHO) convened an Expert Committee to re-evaluate the use of anthropometry at different ages for assessing health, nutrition, and social well-being. The Committee's task included identifying reference data for anthropometric indices when appropriate, and providing guidelines on how the data should be used. For foetal growth, the Committee recommended an existing sex-s ...
DOI:
10.1177/156482659701800204

9. Lactose intolerance and self-reported milk intolerance: relationship with lactose maldigestion and nutrient intake

Author:
Carroccio, A.; Montalto, G.; Cavera, G.; Notarbatolo, A.
Source:
Journal of the American College of Nutrition 1998 v.17 no.6 pp. 631-636
ISSN:
0731-5724
Subject:
nutrient intake; elderly; calcium; digestion; children; adolescents; malabsorption; lactose intolerance; Italy
DOI:
10.1080/07315724.1998.10718813

10. Living alone does not adversely affect nutrient intake and nutritional status of 70-to 75-year-old men and women in small towns across Europe

Author:
J. M. Pearson; D. Schlettwein-Gsell; W. van Staveren; L. de Groot
Source:
International journal of food sciences and nutrition 1998 v.49 no.2 pp. 131-139
ISSN:
1465-3478
Subject:
nutrient intake; elderly; nutritional status; men; family resource management; women; gender differences; children; marriage; cooking; dietary surveys; food prices; Europe
Abstract:
... This study determined the relationships between living alone and a variety of socio-demographic variables and dietary intake and nutritional status of 70-to 75-year-old men and women across Europe. Data from nine centers, collected as part of the SENECA study, were selected for analysis. Respondents were categorized as either living alone, living with a spouse/partner only, or living with a spouse ...
DOI:
10.3109/09637489809089393
PubMed:
9713584

11. An appraisal of vitamin B6 status indices and associated confounders, in young people aged 4-18 years and in people aged 65 years and over, in two national British surveys

Author:
Bates, C.J.; Pentieva, K.D.; Prentice, A.
Source:
Public health nutrition 1999 v.2 no.4 pp. 529-535
ISSN:
1368-9800
Subject:
children; adolescents; elderly; pyridoxine; nutritional status; blood chemistry; aspartate transaminase; erythrocytes; enzyme activity; blood plasma; chymotrypsin; alkaline phosphatase; nutrient deficiencies; United Kingdom
PubMed:
10656472

12. Food-related behaviors during drought: a study of rural Fulani, northeastern Nigeria

Author:
Cassius Tyrone Lockett, Louis E. Grivetti
Source:
International journal of food sciences and nutrition 2000 v.51 no.2 pp. 91-107
ISSN:
1465-3478
Subject:
nationalities and ethnic groups; drought; foodways; wild plants; foods; diet; eating habits; women; pregnancy; human lactation; children; elderly; geographical variation; medicinal plants; wet season; food storage; dry season; energy expenditure; physical activity; indigenous knowledge; Nigeria
Abstract:
... Two rural settled Fulani villages in northeast Nigeria were surveyed for dietary practices and use of edible wild plants (n = 100 adult subjects). Dietary patterns and medical data were obtained for children under 5, pregnant and lactating women and the elderly. A diversified diet was maintained at both geographical locations through hunting, gathering, agriculture, horticulture, animal husbandry, ...
DOI:
10.1080/096374800100796
PubMed:
10953753

13. European diet and public health: the continuing challenge

Author:
James, W.P.T.
Source:
Public health nutrition 2001 v.4 no.2A pp. 275-292
ISSN:
1368-9800
Subject:
nutrient intake; elderly; diet; foods; breast feeding; humans; poverty; diabetes; disease prevention; Dietary Guidelines; health promotion; children; obesity; folic acid; genetic variation; Europe

14. Exposure assessment of dioxins/furans consumed in dairy foods and fish

Author:
Jensen, E.; Bolger, P.M.
Source:
Food additives & contaminants 2001 v.18 no.5 pp. 395-403
ISSN:
0265-203X
Subject:
butter; elderly; furans; milk; fish; shellfish; estimation; girls; women; dioxins; environmental exposure; men; children; yogurt; ice cream; infants; food contamination; gender differences; cheeses; boys; United States
Abstract:
... Dioxins/furans are ubiquitous environmental contaminants whose primary route of human exposure occurs via the consumption of fatty foods of animal origin. The US FDA conducted a market basket survey of dairy products and commercial fish and shellfish to obtain data on levels of 17 dioxin/furan congeners (2, 3, 7, 8-congeners) in the US. The dairy products sampled included various cheeses (American ...
DOI:
10.1080/02652030119893
PubMed:
11358181

15. Nutrition among Older Adults in Africa: the Situation at the Beginning of the Millenium

Author:
Charlton, Karen E.; Rose, Donald
Source:
Journal of nutrition 2001 v.131 no.9S pp. 2424S-2428S
ISSN:
0022-3166
Subject:
Africans; anemia; children; diet; elderly; famine; folic acid; food security; health services; infants; lactating women; lactation; malnutrition; men; nutrition research; nutritional intervention; nutritional status; poverty; research policy; urban areas; Africa
Abstract:
... Most Africans enter old age after a lifetime of poverty and deprivation, poor access to health care and a diet that is usually inadequate in quantity and quality. However, nutrition interventions in African countries are directed primarily toward infants and young children, as well as pregnant and lactating women. This situational analysis focuses on two key areas to identify priorities for future ...

16. Social inequalities and the burden of food-related ill-health

Author:
Robertson, A.
Source:
Public health nutrition 2001 v.4 no.6A pp. 1371-1373
ISSN:
1368-9800
Subject:
elderly; foods; humans; poverty; women; health promotion; lactation; pregnancy; socioeconomic status; food security; children; food policy; adolescents; low income households; Spain

17. Vitamin status in different groups of the Spanish population: a meta-analysis of national studies performed between 1990 and 1999

Author:
Ortega, R.M.; Mena, M.C.; Faci, M.; Santana, J.F.; Serra-Majem, L.
Source:
Public health nutrition 2001 v.4 no.6A pp. 1325-1329
ISSN:
1368-9800
Subject:
children; adolescents; elderly; men; women; pregnancy; nutritional status; nutrient deficiencies; data analysis; nutrient intake; Dietary Guidelines; blood chemistry; Spain

18. Challenges and opportunities in enhancing the conservation and use of medicinal and aromatic plants

Author:
Padulosi, S.; Leaman, D.; Quek, P.
Source:
Journal of herbs, spices & medicinal plants 2002 v.9 no.4 pp. 243-267
ISSN:
1049-6475
Subject:
elderly; economic analysis; women; rural population; medicinal plants; children; natural resource management; cultural heritage; genetic variation; biodiversity
DOI:
10.1300/J044v09n04_01

19. Development and Evaluation of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines: Clinical Trials and Control Tests

Author:
Lucia H. Lee; Chi-Jen Lee; Carl E. Frasch
Source:
Critical reviews in microbiology 2002 v.28 no.1 pp. 27-41
ISSN:
1549-7828
Subject:
Streptococcus pneumoniae; antibiotic resistance; children; clinical trials; elderly; immune response; immunization; immunocompromised population; infants; meningitis; otitis media; penicillins; pneumonia; polysaccharides; quality control; transport proteins; vaccines; vancomycin
Abstract:
... Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major cause of pneumonia, meningitis, and otitis media and is responsible for disease in young children, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. Emerging high-level resistance to penicillin, multiple antibiotics, and tolerance to vancomycin emphasizes the importance of preventing pneumococcal infection by alternative methods such as immunization. The developme ...
DOI:
10.1080/1040-840291046678

20. Nuclear and Isotopic Techniques for Addressing Nutritional Problems, with Special Reference to Current Applications in Developing Countries

Author:
Venkatesh Iyengar
Source:
Food and nutrition bulletin v.23 no.1 pp. 3-10
ISSN:
0379-5721
Subject:
World Health Organization; bioavailability; children; deuterium; developing countries; elderly; elemental composition; energy expenditure; energy metabolism; food composition; human nutrition; infant growth; iron; lactating women; lean body mass; malnutrition; models; monitoring; nutrient intake; nutrition research; obesity; osteoporosis; pollutants; research projects; stable isotopes; zinc; Asia
Abstract:
... Nuclear and isotopic techniques are valuable tools in human nutritional research studies. Isotopes, both radioactive and nonradioactive, enable detailed evaluations of nutrient intake, body composition, energy expenditure, status of micronutrients, and nutrient bioavailability. in recent times, isotopic methods have been widely used in a number of coordinated research projects and technical cooper ...
DOI:
10.1177/156482650202300101

21. Serum and urine taurine levels in elderly patients undergoing long-term enteral nutrition are reduced over time

Author:
Cho, Kum Ho; Kim, Eul Sang; Chen, Ji Di; Zhang, Shuo; Kim, Hocheol; Kim, Sun Yeou; Kang, Soon Ah; Lee, Young Nam; Leem, Kanghyun
Source:
Nutrition research 2002 v.22 no.9 pp. 1017-1025
ISSN:
0271-5317
Subject:
blood serum; children; diet; elderly; electroretinography; enteral feeding; excretion; fasting; hospitals; methionine; parenteral feeding; patients; taurine; urine; China
Abstract:
... Many children and adults undergoing long-term parenteral nutrition at home with solutions that did not contain taurine had low plasma taurine concentrations and the children had abnormal electroretinograms. This study was aimed at investigating whether serum concentration and urinary excretion of taurine of elderly patients undergoing long-term enteral nutrition (EN) are influenced over duration ( ...

22. Understanding chronic malnutrition in childhood and old age: role of energy balance research

Author:
Reilly, John J.
Source:
Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 2002 v.61 no.3 pp. 321-327
ISSN:
0029-6651
Subject:
balance studies; childhood; children; chronic diseases; clinical nutrition; elderly; energy expenditure; energy intake; experimental design; malnutrition; models; patients; systematic review
Abstract:
... Undernutrition is commonly associated with chronic disease in children and the elderly. Overnutrition is also, but less commonly, associated with chronic illness. In most diseases malnutrition arises because energy intake does not match energy output. Traditionally, the focus of research has been on abnormalities in energy expenditure, in the belief that these factors were the main determinants of ...
DOI:
10.1079/PNS2002164
PubMed:
12230793

23. Vitamins and minerals for health

Author:
Godfrey, David; Richardson, David
Source:
British food journal 2002 v.104 no.10-11 pp. 913-933
ISSN:
0007-070X
Subject:
European Union; adolescents; adverse effects; at-risk population; children; consumer protection; dietary supplements; elderly; food fortification; food safety; fortified foods; issues and policy; laws and regulations; minerals; optimal nutrition; public health; risk; risk assessment; vitamins; women
Abstract:
... Although it is possible to achieve a balanced diet by eating a variety of foods, it is clear that there is a gap between the ideal and the reality of what people actually eat. For individuals at all stages of life and with changing lifestyles where food selections may compromise optimal nutrition, nutrient-dense foods including fortified foods and food supplements can serve as an effective means o ...
DOI:
10.1108/00070700210454631

24. A qualitative exploration of rural feeding and weaning practices, knowledge and attitudes on nutrition

Author:
Kruger, R.; Gericke, G.J.
Source:
Public health nutrition 2003 v.6 no.2 pp. -
ISSN:
1475-2727
Subject:
elderly; diet; breast feeding; attitudes and opinions; feeds; foods; mothers; women; interviews; data collection; weaning; children; bottle feeding; milk; caregivers; food choices; nutrition knowledge; South Africa
Abstract:
... Aim: An exploratory qualitative investigation was done to determine the feeding and weaning practices, knowledge and attitudes towards nutrition of mothers/caregivers of children up to 3 years old attending baby clinics in the Moretele district (South Africa). Methodology: Qualitative data collection on six relevant nutrition topics was done using focus group interviews. Trained moderators, using ...
DOI:
10.1079/PHN2002419 (

25. Concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead in common foods and estimated daily intake by children, adolescents, adults, and seniors of Catalonia, Spain

Author:
Llobet, J.M.; Falco, G.; Casas, C.; Teixido, A.; Domingo, J.L.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2003 v.51 no.3 pp. 838-842
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
food intake; foods; elderly; humans; mercury; lead; arsenic; heavy metals; food contamination; cadmium; children; adolescents; dietary surveys; Spain
Abstract:
... This study was designed to estimate the dietary intake of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb) by the general population of Catalonia, Spain. The concentrations of these elements were determined in food samples randomly acquired in seven cities of Catalonia between June and August 2000. A total of 11 food groups were included in the study. As, Cd, Hg, and Pb levels were measured ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf020734q
PubMed:
12537467

26. Food taboos and their nutritional implications on developing nations like Nigeria – a review

Author:
Onuroah, C.E.; Ayo, J.A.
Source:
Nutrition and food science 2003 v.33 no.5 pp. 235-240
ISSN:
0034-6659
Subject:
children; developing countries; eating habits; elderly; foods; foodways; nutritional status; pregnant women; Nigeria
Abstract:
... This paper examined briefly the background to food taboos and food habits. These food taboos and habits have great impact on the health of the Nigerian community. Sometimes, the taboos continue even among the educated members of the society. Most of the foods tabooed in Nigeria work against the least privileged and immunocompromised, i.e. women, pregnant women, children and the elderly. These grou ...
DOI:
10.1108/00346650310499767

27. Micronutrient intakes, micronutrient status and lipid profiles among young people consuming different amounts of breakfast cereals: further analysis of data from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey of Young People aged 4 to 18 years

Author:
Gibson, Sigrid
Source:
Public health nutrition 2003 v.6 no.8 pp. 815-820
ISSN:
1475-2727
Subject:
boys; breakfast cereals; children; cholesterol; diet; eating habits; elderly; energy intake; ferritin; folic acid; girls; grains; hemoglobin; iron; low density lipoprotein; meat; nutrient intake; nutritional status; pyridoxine; riboflavin; surveys; thiamin; transferrin; vitamin B12; vitamin D
Abstract:
... Objective: To examine associations between breakfast cereal consumption and the dietary habits, nutrient intakes and nutritional status of young people, considering both nutrient adequacy and safety issues (fortification). Methods: Using archived data from 1688 children in the (British) National Diet and Nutrition Survey of Young People aged 4 to 18 years, nutrient intakes and status were compared ...
DOI:
10.1079/PHN2003493
PubMed:
14641953

28. Risk factors for low iron intake and poor iron status in a national sample of British young people aged 4–18 years

Author:
Thane, C.W.; Bates, C.J.; Prentice, A.
Source:
Public health nutrition 2003 v.6 no.5 pp. 485-496
ISSN:
1475-2727
Subject:
elderly; ferritin; iron absorption; Whites; nutrient intake; transferrin; vegetarian diet; eating habits; girls; adolescents; blood serum; meat; risk factors; children; lifestyle; fruit juices; breakfast cereals; hemoglobin; surveys; boys; Great Britain
Abstract:
... Objective: To examine the prevalence and dietary, sociodemographic and lifestyle risk factors of low iron intake and poor iron status in British young people. Design: National Diet and Nutrition Survey of young people aged 4-18 years. Setting: Great Britain, 1997. Subjects: In total, 1699 young people provided 7-day weighed dietary records, of which 11% were excluded because the participant report ...
DOI:
10.1079/PHN2002455
PubMed:
12943565

29. A life course approach to diet, nutrition and the prevention of chronic diseases

Author:
Darnton-Hill, I.; Nishida, C.; James, W.P.T.
Source:
Public health nutrition 2004 v.7 no.1(A) pp. 101-121
ISSN:
1368-9800
Subject:
diet-related diseases; elderly; life history; disease prevention; eating habits; public health; fetal development; adolescents; human diseases; risk factors; chronic diseases; fetus; maternal nutrition; children; lifestyle; infants; etiology; diet; child development

30. Gender and age differences in anemia prevalence during the lifecycle in Kuwait

Author:
Jackson, R.T.; Al Hamad, N.; Al-Somaie, M.; Al Guoad, N.; Prakash, P.
Source:
Ecology of food and nutrition 2004 v.43 no.1-2 pp. 61-75
ISSN:
0367-0244
Subject:
elderly; disease prevalence; gender differences; age; national surveys; children; nutrition assessment; iron deficiency anemia; adolescents; infants; Kuwait
Abstract:
... Anemia remains a significant worldwide public health problem. Most studies of anemia and iron deficiency, the major cause of anemia, have targeted small children and reproductive age women. Much less is known about anemia in other lifecycle groups, especially preschool age children, prepubertal boys and girls, or in older adults. Yet recent studies indicate that anemia may increase the risk for ch ...
DOI:
10.1080/03670240490274093

31. Rapid differentiation among bacteria that cause gastroenteritis by use of low-resolution Raman spectroscopy and PLS discriminant analysis

Author:
Cesar Mello; Diórginis Ribeiro; Fábio Novaes; Ronei J. Poppi
Source:
Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry 2005 v.383 no.4 pp. 701-706
ISSN:
1618-2642
Subject:
Escherichia coli; Raman spectroscopy; Salmonella enterica; Shigella flexneri; bacteria; children; discriminant analysis; dispersions; elderly; gastroenteritis; least squares; patients
Abstract:
... Use of classical microbiological methods to differentiate bacteria that cause gastroenteritis is cumbersome but usually very efficient. The high cost of reagents and the time required for such identifications, approximately four days, could have serious consequences, however, mainly when the patients are children, the elderly, or adults with low resistance. The search for new methods enabling rapi ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00216-005-0017-6
PubMed:
16158301

32. Synthesis and Characterization of Lipooligosaccharide-Based Conjugate Vaccines for Serotype B Moraxella catarrhalis

Author:
Yu, Shengqing; Gu, Xin-Xing
Source:
Infection and immunity 2005 v.73 no.5 pp. 2790-2796
ISSN:
0019-9567
Subject:
Moraxella catarrhalis; antibacterial properties; antibodies; antigens; antiserum; bacteria; blood serum; children; elderly; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; immunization; immunoglobulin G; mice; mutants; otitis media; rabbits; respiratory tract diseases; serological surveys; serotypes; tetanus; vaccines
Abstract:
... Moraxella catarrhalis is an important cause of otitis media in children and respiratory tract infections in the elderly. Lipooligosaccharide (LOS) is a major surface antigen of the bacterium that elicits bactericidal antibodies. Serological studies show that three major LOS types (A, B, and C) have been identified among clinical isolates. Our previous studies demonstrated that the type A LOS-based ...
DOI:
10.1128/IAI.73.5.2790-2796.2005
PubMed:
15845482
PubMed Central:
PMC1087343

33. Dietary supplements: Prevalence of use in the New Zealand population

Author:
PARNELL, Winsome R.; WILSON, Noela C.; SMITH, Claire
Source:
Nutrition & dietetics 2006 v.63 no.4 pp. 199-205
ISSN:
1446-6368
Subject:
children; dietary supplements; eating habits; elderly; females; males; national surveys; young adults; New Zealand
Abstract:
... To determine prevalence of dietary supplement use in New Zealand and to describe types of supplements used. Secondary data analysis of two cross-sectional national surveys. In total, 3275 children aged 5-14 years, 4636 adults aged 15+ years. Homes throughout New Zealand. Prevalence data over 24 hours (children and adults) and over previous year (adults only), type of supplements consumed, pattern ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1747-0080.2006.00110.x

34. Differences in the quantitative and qualitative performance of a calcium-specific food frequency questionnaire across age and sex

Author:
Magkos, F.; Manios, Y.; Babaroutsi, E.; Sidossis, L.S.
Source:
Journal of human nutrition and dietetics 2006 v.19 no.5 pp. 331-342
ISSN:
0952-3871
Subject:
nutrient intake; food intake; elderly; men; girls; women; calcium; nutritional adequacy; age; gender differences; model validation; children; food frequency questionnaires; boys; Greece
Abstract:
... To examine putative differences in the quantitative and qualitative performance of a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for assessing dietary calcium intake across age and sex in the Greek population. A total of 351 children (189 girls and 162 boys, aged 11.9 ± 1.2 years), 260 adults (192 women and 68 men, aged 29.6 ± 2.7 years) and 390 elderly individuals (317 women and 73 men, aged 68.6 ± 4.6 ye ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-277X.2006.00718.x
PubMed:
16961679

35. Protection against Lethal Challenge with Streptococcus pneumoniae Is Conferred by Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation but Is Not Associated with an Enhanced Inflammatory Response

Author:
Vorderstrasse, Beth A.; Lawrence, B. Paige
Source:
Infection and immunity 2006 v.74 no.10 pp. 5679-5686
ISSN:
0019-9567
Subject:
Streptococcus pneumoniae; agonists; bacterial colonization; chemokines; children; elderly; humans; immune response; immunosuppressive agents; inflammation; mice; morbidity; mortality; pathogens; protective effect; tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
Abstract:
... Streptococcus pneumoniae is a common respiratory pathogen and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in humans, particularly in the elderly and young children. The pulmonary immune response to S. pneumoniae is initiated very rapidly, and, ideally, innate immune responses are able to contain bacterial colonization. In the studies presented here, we sought to determine whether activation of the ar ...
DOI:
10.1128/IAI.00837-06
PubMed:
16988243
PubMed Central:
PMC1594941

36. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) evades the human adaptive immune system by skewing the Th1/Th2 cytokine balance toward increased levels of Th2 cytokines and IgE, markers of allergy—a review

Author:
Yechiel Becker
Source:
Virus genes 2006 v.33 no.2 pp. 235-252
ISSN:
0920-8569
Subject:
CD4-positive T-lymphocytes; HIV infections; Human immunodeficiency virus 1; adaptive immunity; allergens; antibodies; antiviral agents; basophils; biomarkers; blood serum; chemokine CX3CL1; children; clinical trials; elderly; eosinophils; epithelial cells; genes; glycoproteins; hematopoietic stem cells; histamine; humans; hypersensitivity; immunoglobulin A; immunoglobulin E; immunoglobulin G; infants; interferon-gamma; interleukin-10; interleukin-12; interleukin-13; interleukin-2; interleukin-4; interleukin-5; lungs; mast cells; monocytes; pathogenicity; patients; prostaglandins; researchers; respiratory tract diseases; vaccines; viruses
Abstract:
... Infection of infants in their first year of life, children and elderly people with the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) endangers the life of the patient. An attempt to develop a formalin-inactivated RSV (FI-RSV) vaccine during the 1960s resulted in an aggravated infection in immunized children, leading to hospitalization, while infection of non-immunized children produced much milder symptoms. T ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11262-006-0064-x

37. Subtype IV of the BK polyomavirus is prevalent in East Asia

Author:
Chen, Q.; Zheng, H.-Y.; Zhong, S.; Ikegaya, H.; He, H.-X.; Wei, W.; He, Y.-Y.; Kobayashi, N.; Honjo, T.; Takasaka, T.; Takahashi, S.; Kitamura, T.; Yogo, Y.
Source:
Archives of virology 2006 v.151 no.12 pp. 2419-2429
ISSN:
0304-8608
Subject:
geographical distribution; elderly; urine; genome; phylogeny; trees; children; Human polyomavirus 1; genotyping; human population; kidneys; patients; Mongolia; Vietnam; Japan; China
Abstract:
... BK polyomavirus (BKV) is ubiquitous in human populations, infecting children asymptomatically and then persisting in the kidney. Using either serological or genotyping methods, BKV isolates have been classified into four subtypes (I-IV), with subtype I mainly detected in all countries studied so far. To elucidate the subtype of BKV prevalent in East Asia, we examined BKV-positive urine samples col ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00705-006-0814-z
PubMed:
16830069

38. A bacterial population study of commercialized wastewater inoculants

Author:
M. Vrints; S. Bertrand; J‐M. Collard
Source:
Journal of applied microbiology 2007 v.103 no.5 pp. 2006-2015
ISSN:
1364-5072
Subject:
Bacillus (bacteria); Enterobacter cloacae; Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae; aerobic digestion; bacteria; children; chloroplasts; commercialization; composts; elderly; gel electrophoresis; ribosomal RNA; risk; selective media; virulent strains; wastewater
Abstract:
... Aims: To assess the bacterial diversity and safety of wastewater inoculants, which are commercially available products used to improve the aerobic digestion processes of the domestic waste compost in the septic tank. Methods and Results: Eighteen wastewater inoculants were analysed on nonselective and selective media and the cultivable bacteria were identified. In all wastewater inoculants, the nu ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03444.x

39. Assessment of PM₁₀ Enhancement by Yellow Sand on the Air Quality of Taipei, Taiwan in 2001

Author:
Chang, Shuenn-Chin; Lee, Chung-Te
Source:
Environmental monitoring and assessment 2007 v.132 no.1-3 pp. 297-309
ISSN:
0167-6369
Subject:
air; air quality; children; elderly; meteorological parameters; monitoring; neural networks; pollutants; risk; sand; Taiwan
Abstract:
... The impact of long-range transport of yellow sand from Asian Continent to the Taipei Metropolitan Area (Taipei) not only deteriorates air quality but also poses health risks to all, especially the children and the elderly. As such, it is important to assess the enhancement of PM₁₀ during yellow sand periods. In order to estimate PM₁₀ enhancement, we adopted factor analysis to distinguish the yello ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10661-006-9534-9

40. Determining Life-Stage Groups and Extrapolating Nutrient Intake Values (NIVs)

Author:
Stephanie A. Atkinson; Berthold Koletzko
Source:
Food and nutrition bulletin v.28 no.1_suppl1 pp. S61
ISSN:
0379-5721
Subject:
Adequate Intakes; bioavailability; biomarkers; body composition; body size; childhood; children; elderly; infants; isotope labeling; lactation; milk; milk composition; normal values; nutrient intake; nutrients; physical activity; pregnancy; puberty; reference standards; secretion; stable isotopes; young adults
Abstract:
... The derivation of reference values in 11 current dietary reference standards is often based on methods of extrapolation or interpolation, but these are not consistent across reports. Such methods are frequently employed to derive nutrient intake values (NIVs) for infants and children owing to the paucity of relevant research data available. The most common method is to extrapolate values for child ...
DOI:
10.1177/15648265070281S107

41. Even distribution of BK polyomavirus subtypes and subgroups in the Japanese Archipelago

Author:
Zhong, S.; Yogo, Y.; Ogawa, Y.; Oshiro, Y.; Fujimoto, K.; Kunitake, T.; Zheng, H.-Y.; Shibuya, A.; Kitamura, T.
Source:
Archives of virology 2007 v.152 no.9 pp. 1613-1621
ISSN:
0304-8608
Subject:
elderly; humans; genome; polymerase chain reaction; phylogeny; children; Human polyomavirus 1; genotyping; human population; patients; nationalities and ethnic groups; single nucleotide polymorphism; Japan
Abstract:
... BK polyomavirus (BKV) is ubiquitous among humans, infecting children asymptomatically and then persisting in renal tissue. BKV has four subtypes (I-IV) that can be identified by serological and genotyping methods. Subtypes I and IV are most prevalent in all countries examined to date. Based on nucleotide sequence variation, subtype I is further classified into four subgroups (Ia, Ib-1, Ib-2 and Ic ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00705-007-0997-y
PubMed:
17541698

42. Fast food: friendly

Author:
Rice, S.; McAllister, E.J.; Dhurandhar, N.V.
Source:
International journal of obesity 2007 v.31 no.6 pp. 884-886
ISSN:
0307-0565
Subject:
nutrient intake; fast foods; food intake; elderly; energy content; energy intake; nutritional adequacy; nutritive value; food availability; children; fast food restaurants; obesity; dietary recommendations
Abstract:
... Fast food is routinely blamed for the obesity epidemic and consequentially excluded from professional dietary recommendations. However, several sections of society including senior citizens, low-income adult and children, minority and homeless children, or those pressed for time appear to rely on fast food as an important source of meals. Considering the dependence of these nutritionally vulnerabl ...
DOI:
10.1038/sj.ijo.0803580
PubMed:
17342073

43. Grandparents Raising Grandchildren: A Response to a Nutrition and Physical Activity Intervention

Author:
Kicklighter, J.R.; Whitley, D.M.; Kelley, S.J.; Shipskie, S.M.; Taube, J.L.; Berry, R.C.
Source:
Journal of the American Dietetic Association 2007 v.107 no.7 pp. 1210-1213
ISSN:
0002-8223
Subject:
elderly; education programs; urban areas; elderly nutrition; traditional foods; parenting; child nutrition; community nutrition programs; family resource management; nutrition education; physical activity; children; family support; foodways; family structure; African Americans; grandparents; food choices; nutrition knowledge; United States
Abstract:
... This pilot study explored the impact of an educational program on nutrition and physical activity knowledge of urban African-American grandparents raising their grandchildren. The program was integrated into a community-based intervention, Project Healthy Grandparents, and was implemented during the first 15 minutes of 10 grandparent support groups and parenting classes. Subjects included 22 grand ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jada.2007.04.006
PubMed:
17604753

44. Long-standing influenza vaccination policy is in accord with individual self-interest but not with the utilitarian optimum

Author:
Galvani, Alison P.; Reluga, Timothy C.; Chapman, Gretchen B.
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2007 v.104 no.13 pp. 5692-5697
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; attitudes and opinions; children; elderly; influenza; issues and policy; models; morbidity; mortality; pandemic; questionnaires; risk; vaccination; vaccines
Abstract:
... Influenza vaccination is vital for reducing infection-mediated morbidity and mortality. To maximize effectiveness, vaccination programs must anticipate the effects of public perceptions and attitudes on voluntary adherence. A vaccine allocation strategy that is optimal for the population is not necessarily optimal for an individual. For epidemic influenza, the elderly have the greatest risk of inf ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0606774104
PubMed:
17369367
PubMed Central:
PMC1838447

45. Specific Intracellular Adhesion Molecule-Grabbing Nonintegrin R1 Is Not Involved in the Murine Antibody Response to Pneumococcal Polysaccharides

Author:
Moens, Leen; Jeurissen, Axel; Wuyts, Greet; Fallon, Padraic G.; Louis, Boon; Ceuppens, Jan L.; Bossuyt, Xavier
Source:
Infection and immunity 2007 v.75 no.12 pp. 5748-5752
ISSN:
0019-9567
Subject:
Streptococcus pneumoniae; antibody formation; antigen-presenting cells; children; elderly; immunoglobulin G; immunoglobulin M; mice; monoclonal antibodies; patients; polysaccharides; serotypes; vaccination
Abstract:
... Streptococcus pneumoniae is a microorganism that frequently causes serious infections in children, the elderly, and immunocompromised patients. We studied whether the specific intracellular adhesion molecule-grabbing nonintegrin R1 (Sign-R1) receptor, involved in the uptake of capsular polysaccharides (caps-PS) by antigen-presenting cells, is necessary for the antibody response to pneumococcal cap ...
DOI:
10.1128/IAI.00574-07
PubMed:
17875633
PubMed Central:
PMC2168319

46. The Traditional Broom Trade in Bushbuckridge, South Africa: Helping Poor Women Cope with Adversity

Author:
Shackleton Sheona E.; Campbell Bruce M.
Source:
Economic botany 2007 v.61 no.3 pp. 256-268
ISSN:
0013-0001
Subject:
assets; branches; children; educational status; elderly; grasses; households; livelihood; markets; middle-aged adults; poverty; trade; women; South Africa
Abstract:
... The extensive local and regional market for traditional, handcrafted twig and grass brooms in the Bushbuckridge municipality, South Africa, provides an important means of livelihood security for several hundred poor households in the face of increasing economic hardship. Participants in this trade were a vulnerable group of middle-aged to elderly women with poor levels of education and few assets. ...
DOI:
10.1663/0013-0001(2007)61[256:TTBTIB]2.0.CO;2

47. Trends in disposable income among teenage boys and girls in Finland from 1977 to 2003

Author:
Lintonen, Tomi P.; Wilska, Terhi-Anna; Koivusilta, Leena K.; Konu, Anne I.
Source:
International journal of consumer studies 2007 v.31 no.4 pp. 340-348
ISSN:
1470-6423
Subject:
adolescents; analysis of variance; boys; children; elderly; family structure; gender differences; girls; income; linear models; nuclear family; peers; single parents; socioeconomic factors; socioeconomic status; surveys; youth; Finland
Abstract:
... This article explores changes in the money Finnish young people aged 12-18 years have at their disposal, over a 26-year period 1977-2003. Previous studies suggest that the amount of money young people have is not necessarily dependent on traditional socio-economic variables, but there are no systematic studies on the development of the disposable income of the teenagers. The analyses of this study ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1470-6431.2006.00559.x

48. WTP Estimates of the Societal Costs of U.S. Food-Borne Illness

Author:
Roberts, Tanya
Source:
American journal of agricultural economics 2007 v.89 no.5 pp. 1183-1188
ISSN:
0002-9092
Subject:
elderly; risk management; economic theory; economic impact; risk assessment; age; consumer preferences; foodborne illness; food pathogens; disease severity; willingness to pay; social impact; children; food safety; agricultural policy
Abstract:
... Preliminary estimates of societal willingness to pay for acute foodborne illnesses in the USA were made using previously determined estimates of willingness to pay for safer food and FoodNet data on age distribution for various severities of illness. High societal costs were estimated for foodborne illness, and decreased consumer confidence in the safety of supermarket and restaurant foods as a re ...
Handle:
10113/13824
DOI:
10.1111/j.1467-8276.2007.01081.x

49. An Overview of the Ketogenic Diet for Pediatric Epilepsy

Author:
Beth A. Zupec-Kania; Emily Spellman
Source:
Nutrition in clinical practice v.23 no.6 pp. 589-596
ISSN:
1941-2452
Subject:
adulthood; adverse effects; carbohydrates; childhood; children; elderly; energy intake; epilepsy; ketogenic diet; ketosis; meta-analysis; nerve tissue; patients; seizures; surgery
Abstract:
... Epilepsy is the most common serious neurological condition in the world, with an estimated prevalence of 1% of the population. The highest incidence occurs in childhood and in the elderly, with lower levels in early adulthood. Traditional epilepsy management includes pharmacological treatment, epilepsy surgery, and vagal nerve stimulation. Despite these therapies, 25% of children continue to have ...
DOI:
10.1177/0884533608326138

50. Development of human lactic acid (LAB) gastrointestinal microbiota in a Greek rural population

Author:
Dimitrios Vassos; Vassiliki Maipa; Chrysa Voidarou; Athanasios Alexopoulos; Eugenia Bezirtzoglou
Source:
Open life sciences 2008 v.3 no.1 pp. 55-60
ISSN:
2391-5412
Subject:
Bifidobacterium; Enterococcus avium; Enterococcus casseliflavus; Enterococcus faecalis; Enterococcus faecium; Lactobacillus brevis; Lactobacillus fermentum; Lactobacillus plantarum; Lactococcus lactis; Leuconostoc; anaerobic conditions; carbohydrates; children; digestive system; elderly; feces; fermentation; fermented dairy products; humans; intestinal microorganisms; lactic acid; lactic acid bacteria; rural population; selective media
Abstract:
... In order to investigate the Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) of the gut, fecal samples were collected and analyzed from 120 healthy Greek volunteers ranging from age 1 to age 85, all of whom declared daily consumption of local fermented dairy products. LAB strains were isolated using selective media under aerobic or anaerobic conditions. Identification of the isolates was based on their growth patterns, ...
DOI:
10.2478/s11535-007-0045-7

51. Evaluation of levels, sources and distribution of toxic elements in PM10 in a suburban industrial region, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Author:
Vitor Eugênio Toledo; Pierre Batista de Almeida Júnior; Simone Lorena Quiterio; Graciela Arbilla; Andréa Moreira; Viviane Escaleira; Josino Costa Moreira
Source:
Environmental monitoring and assessment 2008 v.139 no.1-3 pp. 49-59
ISSN:
0167-6369
Subject:
aluminum; basins; cadmium; case studies; children; copper; elderly; emissions; iron; lead; magnesium; particles; particulates; people; pollution; respiratory tract diseases; toxic substances; zinc; Brazil
Abstract:
... The Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Campus (FIOCRUZ), in a suburban region of the city of Rio de Janeiro, was selected as a case study to assess the pollution released from vehicle and industrial facilities in Basin III, the most polluted area of the city. Concentrations of particulate matter (PM10) and trace metals in airborne particles were determined in an intensive field campaign. The samplings were p ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10661-007-9815-y

52. Food memory and its relation with age and liking: An incidental learning experiment with children, young and elderly people

Author:
Laureati, M.; Morin-Audebrand, L.; Pagliarini, E.; Sulmont-Rossé, C.; Köster, E.P.; Mojet, J.
Source:
Appetite 2008 v.51 no.2 pp. 273-282
ISSN:
0195-6663
Subject:
memory; elderly; mathematical models; texture; test meals; gender differences; young adults; children; food choices; desserts; odors; diet recall; taste
Abstract:
... The present study compared incidental learning and food memory in children, young adults and elderly people for three sensory modalities (taste, texture and aroma). The relation of gender and liker-status (i.e. how much we like a product) with food memory was also investigated. Participants received a complete meal including a custard dessert used as target under incidental learning conditions. 24 ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.appet.2008.02.019
PubMed:
18395933

53. Human metapneumovirus: a new respiratory pathogen

Author:
S. Broor; P. Bharaj; H. S. Chahar
Source:
Journal of biosciences 2008 v.33 no.4 pp. 483-493
ISSN:
0250-5991
Subject:
Human metapneumovirus; Paramyxoviridae; children; elderly; genes; genetic analysis; pathogens; respiratory tract diseases; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; spring; summer; tissue culture; vaccines; viruses; winter
Abstract:
... Human metapneumovirus is a recently recognized pathogen of acute respiratory tract infection (ARI) in children as well as elderly and immunocompromised adults. The virus belongs to the family Paramyxoviridae, sub family Pneumovirinae and genus Metapneumovirus. Through genetic analysis it has been characterized into two groups A and B which are further divided into four sub-lineages. The virus is d ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12038-008-0067-y
PubMed:
19208974
PubMed Central:
PMC7090889

54. Income differences among elderly in Malaysia: a regional comparison

Author:
Masud, Jariah; Haron, Sharifah A.
Source:
International journal of consumer studies 2008 v.32 no.4 pp. 335-340
ISSN:
1470-6423
Subject:
children; economic development; elderly; elementary schools; income; income distribution; quality of life; social inequality; women; Borneo; Malaysia
Abstract:
... Malaysian economic development, formally launched in 1970 through a series of 5-year development plans, has tremendously improved the quality of life of its citizens. Unfortunately, varying degrees of regional development that lead to regional imbalances produce differential impact on different sets of population in each region. This is especially true for the poverty-prone groups, which include t ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1470-6431.2008.00674.x

55. Nutrition transition in Chile revisited: mid-term evaluation of obesity goals for the period 2000-2010

Author:
Vio, F.; Albala, C.; Kain, J.
Source:
Public health nutrition 2008 v.11 no.4 pp. 405-412
ISSN:
1475-2727
Subject:
elderly; nutritional status; nutrition education; disease prevalence; pregnant women; physical activity; health promotion; age; obesity; adolescents; preschool children; Chile
DOI:
10.1017/S136898000700050X
PubMed:
17617931

56. Obesity and its related diseases in Taiwan

Author:
Huang, K.-C.
Source:
Obesity reviews 2008 v.9 no.s1 pp. 32-34
ISSN:
1467-7881
Subject:
Asians; Whites; betel nut; body mass index; cardiovascular diseases; children; comorbidity; elderly; high fat diet; lifestyle; mastication; men; morbidity; mortality; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; obesity; obesity-related diseases; risk factors; women; Taiwan
Abstract:
... Obesity is related to increased morbidity and mortality, and prevails worldwide. It has become an important health issue and requires urgent attention. In Taiwan, overweight and obesity are defined as body mass index >=24 and 27 kg m⁻², respectively. These cut-offs differ from Caucasian standards, as Asians have higher comorbidities and fat mass at lower BMI levels than Caucasians. The prevalence ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1467-789X.2007.00435.x
PubMed:
18307696

57. Obesity pandemic, correlated factors and guidelines to define, screen and manage obesity in Taiwan

Author:
Pan, W.-H.; Lee, M.-S.; Chuang, S.-Y.; Lin, Y.-C.; Fu, M.-L.
Source:
Obesity reviews 2008 v.9 no.s1 pp. 22-31
ISSN:
1467-7881
Subject:
body mass index; boys; children; chronic diseases; elderly; energy intake; girls; guidelines; men; nutritional adequacy; obesity; pandemic; public health; risk; screening; surveys; women; Taiwan
Abstract:
... The prevalence of obesity and associated chronic diseases has increased rapidly in Taiwan. Data from three consecutive Nutrition and Health surveys in Taiwan show that obesity prevalence has tripled for elementary school boys and doubled for girls since 1993-1996. About one-third of boys (15.5% and 14.7% for overweight and obesity, respectively) and one-quarter of girls were either overweight (14. ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1467-789X.2007.00434.x
PubMed:
18307695

58. Overweight and obesity in preadolescent children and their parents in Cyprus: prevalence and associated socio-demographic factors - the CYKIDS study

Author:
Lazarou, C.; Panagiotakos, D.B.; Panayiotou, G.; Matalas, A.-L.
Source:
Obesity reviews 2008 v.9 no.3 pp. 185-193
ISSN:
1467-7881
Subject:
World Health Organization; boys; childhood obesity; children; cross-sectional studies; elderly; girls; men; parents; public health; regression analysis; women; Cyprus
Abstract:
... Obesity status differs by socio-demographic factors, but data for Cyprus are scarce. An in-depth understanding of this relationship may be useful in designing public health programmes. The objective of the present study is to estimate overweight and obesity (OW/OB) prevalence among children and adults in Cyprus and identify related socio-demographic variables. National cross-sectional study of 114 ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1467-789X.2007.00461.x
PubMed:
18093083

59. The Public Health Nutrition workforce and its future challenges: the US experience [Erratum: 2008 Oct., v. 11, issue 10, p. 1089.]

Author:
Haughton, B.; George, A.
Source:
Public health nutrition 2008 v.11 no.8 pp. 782-791
ISSN:
1475-2727
Subject:
lactating women; elderly; disaster preparedness; public health; cultural differences; nutritionists; pregnant women; cost analysis; psychosocial factors; children; governmental programs and projects; WIC Program; multicultural diversity; leadership development; infants; United States
DOI:
10.1017/S1368980008001821

60. Cholesterol Levels in Later Life Amongst UK Channel Islanders Exposed to the 1940–45 German Occupation as Children, Adolescents and Young Adults

Author:
Rosemary F. Head; Mark S. Gilthorpe; George T.H. Ellison
Source:
Nutrition and health v.20 no.2 pp. 91-105
ISSN:
0260-1060
Subject:
elderly; malnutrition; blood lipids; food intake; risk factors; human health; prenatal development; cholesterol; children; young adults; maternal nutrition; longitudinal studies; food deprivation; adolescents; hypercholesterolemia; postnatal development; birth weight
Abstract:
... Background: To clarify the nature of the relationship between: food deprivation and undernutrition during pre- and postnatal development; and cholesterol levels in later life, this study examined the relationship between birth weight (as a marker of prenatal nutrition) and cholesterol levels among 396 Guernsey islanders (born in 1923–1937), 87 of whom (22%) had been exposed to food deprivation as ...
DOI:
10.1177/026010600902000202
PubMed:
19835106

61. Expansion of sugarcane production in São Paulo, Brazil: Implications for fire occurrence and respiratory health

Author:
Uriarte, María; Yackulic, Charles B.; Cooper, Tamar; Flynn, Dan; Cortes, Marina; Crk, Tanja; Cullman, Georgina; McGinty, Meghan; Sircely, Jason
Source:
Agriculture, ecosystems & environment 2009 v.132 no.1-2 pp. 48-56
ISSN:
0167-8809
Subject:
Saccharum officinarum; sugarcane; sugar crops; crop management; prescribed burning; air pollution; air quality; adverse effects; public health; elderly; children; respiratory tract diseases; morbidity; disease incidence; chronic diseases; land use planning; Brazil
Abstract:
... Recent increases in the price of oil have generated much interest in biofuel development but the social and environmental impacts of large scale adoption of biofuels at both regional and national scales remain understudied, especially in developing economies. Although the recent swings in prices for oil may slow down these surges in supply and demand, production of biofuels from food remain profit ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agee.2009.02.018

62. Food insecurity: the skeleton in the national closet

Author:
Hughes, Roger
Source:
Public health nutrition 2009 v.12 no.11 pp. 1973
ISSN:
1475-2727
Subject:
community nutrition programs; elderly; malnutrition; income; disease prevalence; citizen participation; risk assessment; children; college students; community health; nutrition assessment
DOI:
10.1017/S1368980009991716
PubMed:
19814854

63. Generation of Antibody Responses to Pneumococcal Capsular Polysaccharides Is Independent of CD1 Expression in Mice

Author:
Moens, Leen; Jeurissen, Axel; Nierkens, Stefan; Boon, Louis; Van Kaer, Luc; Kasran, Ahmad; Wuyts, Greet; Ceuppens, Jan L.; Bossuyt, Xavier
Source:
Infection and immunity 2009 v.77 no.5 pp. 1976-1980
ISSN:
0019-9567
Subject:
Streptococcus pneumoniae; T-lymphocytes; antibodies; children; elderly; immunization; immunoglobulin G; immunoglobulin M; mice; polysaccharides
Abstract:
... Streptococcus pneumoniae is a bacterial microorganism that frequently causes serious infection, particularly in children and the elderly. Protection against infection with S. pneumoniae is based mainly on the generation of antibodies to the pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides (caps-PS), but the mechanisms responsible for the generation of anticapsular antibodies remain incompletely understood. T ...
DOI:
10.1128/IAI.01091-08
PubMed:
19188354
PubMed Central:
PMC2681747

64. Obesity among Hungarian elderly

Author:
I. Rurik; H. Sandholzer
Source:
Acta alimentaria 2009 v.38 no.3 pp. 361-367
ISSN:
0139-3006
Subject:
elderly; food choices; questionnaires; energy intake; women; parents; medical treatment; lifestyle; elementary schools; children; childhood obesity; body mass index; cross-sectional studies; health services; Hungary
Abstract:
... The epidemiological importance and serious health consequences of obesity is one of the most important medical issues. This cross-sectional study, including retrospective elements, aims to measure the occurrence and to seek for the possible reasons of obesity among elderly people in Hungary. The 266 elderly subjects (109 man over and 157 women over 60 years) were consecutive selected in primary ca ...
DOI:
10.1556/AAlim.38.2009.3.10

65. Serum vitamin C and the prevalence of vitamin C deficiency in the United States: 2003-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)

Author:
Schleicher, Rosemary L.; Carroll, Margaret D.; Ford, Earl S.; Lacher, David A.
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2009 v.90 no.5 pp. 1252-1263
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
elderly; malnutrition; at-risk population; nationalities and ethnic groups; nutrient intake; smoking (habit); blood serum; health status; risk factors; low income households; children; vitamin deficiencies; human nutrition; antioxidants; ascorbic acid; nutritional status; nutritional adequacy; gender differences; socioeconomic status; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; United States
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) may be the most important water-soluble antioxidant in human plasma. In the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III, 1988-1994), [almost equal to]13% of the US population was vitamin C deficient (serum concentrations <11.4 μmol/L). OBJECTIVE: The aim was to determine the most current distribution of serum vitamin C concentrations in ...
DOI:
10.3945/ajcn.2008.27016
PubMed:
19675106

66. The Italian National Food Consumption Survey INRAN-SCAI 2005–06: main results in terms of food consumption

Author:
Leclercq, Catherine; Arcella, Davide; Piccinelli, Raffaela; Sette, Stefania; Le Donne, Cinzia; Turrini, Aida
Source:
Public health nutrition 2009 v.12 no.12 pp. 2504-2532
ISSN:
1475-2727
Subject:
food intake; elderly; men; women; children; adolescents; dietary surveys; cross-sectional studies; infants; Italy
DOI:
10.1017/S1368980009005035
PubMed:
19278564

67. Advancing the future of physical activity guidelines in Canada: an independent expert panel interpretation of the evidence

Author:
Antero Kesäniemi; Chris J Riddoch; Bruce Reeder; Steven N Blair; Thorkild IA Sørensen
Source:
international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity 2010 v.7 no.1 pp. 41
ISSN:
1479-5868
Subject:
Canadians; children; elderly; exercise; experts; guidelines; public health; youth; Canada
Abstract:
... The Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology, in partnership with the Public Health Agency of Canada, has initiated a review of their physical activity guidelines to promote healthy active living for Canadian children, youth, adults and older adults; previous guidelines were released in 2002, 2002, 1998 and 1999 respectively. Several background papers from this project were published recently and ...
DOI:
10.1186/1479-5868-7-41
PubMed:
20459785
PubMed Central:
PMC2876061

68. Ambient wood smoke exposure and respiratory symptoms in Tasmania, Australia

Author:
Bennett, C.M.; Dharmage, S.C.; Matheson, M.; Gras, J.L.; Markos, J.; Mészáros, D.; Hopper, J.; Walters, E.H.; Abramson, M.J.
Source:
Science of the total environment 2010 v.409 no.2 pp. 294-299
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
epidemiological studies; air quality; elderly; smoke; wood; gender; regression analysis; smoking (habit); children; emissions; heat treatment; local government; cooking; atopy; Tasmania
Abstract:
... Wood smoke exposure has been associated with adverse respiratory health outcomes, with much of the current research focused on wood smoke from domestic heating and cooking. This study examined the association between respiratory symptoms and outdoor wood smoke in Launceston, Tasmania, where ~30% of homes use wood burners for domestic heating. This ecological study examined data from participants o ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.10.002
PubMed:
21071067

69. An estimate of phytate intake and molar ratio of phytate to zinc in the diet of the people in the United Kingdom

Author:
Amirabdollahian, F.; Ash, R.
Source:
Public health nutrition 2010 v.13 no.9 pp. 1380-1388
ISSN:
1475-2727
Subject:
nutrient intake; elderly; phytic acid; zinc; children; national surveys; adolescents; dietary surveys; United Kingdom
DOI:
10.1017/S1368980010000704

70. Asymmetric Intrahousehold Allocation of Calories in China

Author:
Satoru Shimokawa
Source:
American journal of agricultural economics 2010 v.92 no.3 pp. 873-888
ISSN:
0002-9092
Subject:
agricultural economics; children; elderly; food and nutrition programs; food availability; gender; girls; rural areas; urban areas; China
Abstract:
... To analyze intrahousehold calorie allocation, we propose a new framework that takes into account asymmetric consumption behavior due to liquidity constraints and loss aversion. We find that intrahousehold calorie allocation responds asymmetrically to expected declines and increases in household food availability in China. Compared with previous studies based on symmetric consumption behavior, our ...
DOI:
10.1093/ajae/aap043

71. Changing trends in intestinal parasitic infections among long-term-residents and settled immigrants in Qatar

Author:
Marawan A Abu-Madi; Jerzy M Behnke; Sanjay H Doiphode
Source:
Parasites & vectors 2010 v.3 no.1 pp. 226
ISSN:
1756-3305
Subject:
Ascaris lumbricoides; Blastocystis hominis; Entamoeba; Giardia lamblia; Hymenolepis nana; Trichuris trichiura; childhood; children; elderly; feces; helminthiasis; hookworms; migrant workers; ova; protozoal infections; socioeconomic development; villages; Nepal; Qatar
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: The rapid socio-economic development in Qatar in the last two decades has encouraged a mass influx of immigrant workers, the majority of whom originate from countries with low socio-economic levels, inadequate medical care and many are known to carry patent intestinal helminth and protozoan infections on arrival in Qatar. Some eventually acquire residency status but little is known abo ...
DOI:
10.1186/1756-3305-3-98
PubMed:
20946623
PubMed Central:
PMC2972266

72. Emerging Zoonoses and their Determinants

Author:
Katare, Megha; Kumar, Manish
Source:
Veterinary world 2010 v.3 no.10 pp. 481-484
ISSN:
0972-8988
Subject:
arthropods; children; death; developed countries; developing countries; elderly; emerging diseases; humans; immunocompromised population; public health; trade; travel; women; zoonoses
Abstract:
... Zoonotic diseases represent one of the leading causes of illness and death from infectious disease. Worldwide, zoonotic diseases have a negative impact on commerce, travel, and economies. In most developing countries, zoonotic diseases are among those diseases of major public health significance and contribute significantly to an already overly burdened public health system. In industrialized nati ...

73. Exploitation of Encephalartos transvenosus outside and inside Mphaphuli Cycads Nature Reserve, Limpopo Province, South Africa

Author:
Ravele, A.M.; Makhado, R.A.
Source:
African journal of ecology 2010 v.48 no.1 pp. 105-110
ISSN:
0141-6707
Subject:
Encephalartos; children; conservation areas; elderly; grazing; habitat destruction; income; interviews; surveys; villages; youth; South Africa
Abstract:
... This study has investigated the use and threats of Encephalartos transvenosus outside and inside Mphaphuli Cycads Nature Reserve, Limpopo Province, South Africa. Data were collected from 2005 to 2006 through social and ecological surveys. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a total of 40 people per household, sampled from four selected villages around the reserve. E. transvenosus is use ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2028.2009.01086.x

74. Impact of Zinc Metabolism on Innate Immune Function in the Setting of Sepsis

Author:
Daren L. Knoell; Ming-Jie Liu
Source:
International journal for vitamin and nutrition research 2010 v.80 no.45 pp. 271-277
ISSN:
0300-9831
Subject:
adaptive immunity; alcohol abuse; animal models; at-risk population; bacteria; children; elderly; immune response; inflammation; innate immunity; lactating women; metabolism; mice; mortality; nutrient deficiencies; patients; sepsis (infection); transcription factor NF-kappa B; transporters; zinc
Abstract:
... Individuals at highest risk of zinc deficiency (children, elderly, pregnant and lactating women, morbidly ill, alcoholics) have a higher risk of infection. Whereas the essential role of zinc in maintaining adaptive immunity is well recognized, much less is known regarding the innate immune system. We recently reported that zinc deficiency significantly increases mortality in an animal model of sep ...
DOI:
10.1024/0300-9831/a000034

75. Monitoring trace metals in different tissues of Cyprinus carpio from the Indus River in Pakistan

Author:
Farhat Jabeen; Abdul Shakoor Chaudhry
Source:
Environmental monitoring and assessment 2010 v.170 no.1-4 pp. 645-656
ISSN:
0167-6369
Subject:
Cyprinus carpio; World Health Organization; bioaccumulation; children; elderly; fish; fish health; gills; liver; metals; monitoring; muscles; pregnant women; toxicity; trace elements; Indus River; Pakistan
Abstract:
... This replicated 4×2 factorial study investigated the bioaccumulation of selected metals (Mn, Pb, Zn, Hg and Cr) in four tissues (gills, liver, muscle and skin) of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) domiciled in two sites (upstream and downstream) of Indus River in Mianwali district of Pakistan. The data were statistically compared for the main effects of the site and fish organs and their interaction o ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10661-009-1263-4

76. Organochlorine pesticide residues in cows’ milk from Karlovac County, Croatia

Author:
J. Bošnir; D. Puntarić; V. Novosel; I. Klarić; M. Miškulin
Source:
Acta alimentaria 2010 v.39 no.3 pp. 317-326
ISSN:
0139-3006
Subject:
DDT (pesticide); European Union; HCH (pesticide); children; detection limit; elderly; endosulfan; foods; gas chromatography; heptachlor; lindane; maximum residue limits; milk; monitoring; pesticide persistence; pesticide residues; pregnant women; public health; Croatia
Abstract:
... The aim of this study was to determine the residue levels of the organochlorine pesticides in cows’ milk from Karlovac County, Croatia. The study included 48 pooled milk samples: 40 pooled samples of non-processed (raw) milk and 8 pooled samples of processed milk collected in the Karlovac County from May 2003 until April 2004. Organochlorine pesticides DDT and derivates, HCH, lindane, heptachlor a ...
DOI:
10.1556/AAlim.39.2010.3.8

77. Predominance of rotavirus G2P[4] and emergence of G12P[9] strains in Asunción, Paraguay, 2006-2007

Author:
Martínez, Magaly; Amarilla, Alberto A.; Galeano, Maria E.; Aquino, Victor H.; Fariña, Norma; Russomando, Graciela; Parra, Gabriel I.
Source:
Archives of virology 2010 v.155 no.4 pp. 525-533
ISSN:
0304-8608
Subject:
Rotavirus; children; diarrhea; elderly; sequence analysis; vaccination; Paraguay
Abstract:
... Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe diarrhea in children worldwide. Monitoring the diversity of rotavirus strains is of great importance for current and future vaccination programs. To determine the diversity of rotavirus circulating in Asuncion, Paraguay, between 2006 and 2007, we carried out a molecular characterization of rotaviruses detected in children <5 years old and adults (>18 ye ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00705-010-0617-0
PubMed:
20213281

78. Prevalence of Listeria, Aeromonas, and Vibrio Species in Fish Used for Human Consumption in Turkey

Author:
Nihal Yucel; Senay Balci
Source:
Journal of food protection 2010 v.73 no.2 pp. 380-384
ISSN:
0362-028X
Subject:
Aeromonas; Listeria grayi; Listeria monocytogenes; Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae; Salmo trutta; Trachurus trachurus; Vibrio alginolyticus; Vibrio fluvialis; children; cross contamination; elderly; freshwater; freshwater fish; health hazards; humans; ingestion; mackerel; marine fish; pathogens; raw fish; Turkey (country)
Abstract:
... A total of 78 raw retail fish samples from 30 freshwater and 48 marine fish were examined for the presence of Listeria, Aeromonas, and Vibrio species. The overall incidence of Listeria spp. was 30% in freshwater samples and 10.4% in marine fish samples. Listeria monocytogenes (44.5%) was the most commonly isolated species in freshwater fish, and Listeria murrayi (83.5%) was the most commonly isola ...
DOI:
10.4315/0362-028X-73.2.380

79. Pulmonary surfactant phosphatidylglycerol inhibits respiratory syncytial virus-induced inflammation and infection

Author:
Numata, Mari; Chu, Hong Wei; Dakhama, Azzeddine; Voelker, Dennis R.
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2010 v.107 no.1 pp. 320-325
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
Toll-like receptor 4; asthma; children; cytopathogenicity; elderly; epithelial cells; human cell lines; inflammation; interferon-gamma; interleukin-6; lipopolysaccharides; lungs; mice; morbidity; mortality; people; phospholipids; surfactants; therapeutics; vaccines; viruses
Abstract:
... Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of hospitalization for respiratory tract infection in young children. It is also a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in elderly individuals and in persons with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Currently, no reliable vaccine or simple RSV antiviral therapy is available. Recently, we determined that the minor pulm ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0909361107
PubMed:
20080799
PubMed Central:
PMC2806703

80. A prospective, randomized, open-label trial comparing the safety and efficacy of trivalent live attenuated and inactivated influenza vaccines in adults 60 years of age and older

Author:
Bruce D. Forrest; A. Duncan Steele; Louis Hiemstra; Ruth Rappaport; Christopher S. Ambrose; William C. Gruber
Source:
Vaccine 2011 v.29 no.20 pp. 3633-3639
ISSN:
0264-410X
Subject:
appetite; blood serum; children; cough; elderly; fever; hemagglutination; influenza; injection site; interferon-gamma; monitoring; nose; pharyngitis; prospective studies; public health; vaccination; vaccines; South Africa
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Although influenza is a major public health concern among adults ≥60 years of age, few large, prospective studies of influenza vaccines have been conducted in this population. The goal of the present study was to directly compare the safety and efficacy of LAIV and TIV in adults ≥60 years of age. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective, randomized, open-label, multicenter trial was conduc ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.03.029

81. A review of the association between obesity and cognitive function across the lifespan: implications for novel approaches to prevention and treatment

Author:
E. Smith; P. Hay; L. Campbell; J. N. Trollor
Source:
Obesity reviews 2011 v.12 no.9 pp. 740-755
ISSN:
1467-7881
Subject:
adiposity; adolescents; body mass index; brain; children; cognition; elderly; inflammation; insulin resistance; lipids; longevity; obesity; weight gain
Abstract:
... Recent research suggests that increased adiposity is associated with poor cognitive performance, independently of associated medical conditions. The evidence regarding this relationship is examined in this review article. A relatively consistent finding across the lifespan is that obesity is associated with cognitive deficits, especially in executive function, in children, adolescents and adults. ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00920.x
PubMed:
21991597

82. A systematic review of the evidence on the effectiveness and risks of inactivated influenza vaccines in different target groups

Author:
Barbara Michiels; Frans Govaerts; Roy Remmen; Etienne Vermeire; Samuel Coenen
Source:
Vaccine 2011 v.29 no.49 pp. 9159-9170
ISSN:
0264-410X
Subject:
cardiovascular diseases; children; databases; diabetes; elderly; health care workers; influenza; kidneys; liver diseases; mortality; neonates; pneumonia; pregnant women; risk; systematic review; vaccination; vaccines
Abstract:
... PURPOSE: To systematically review the evidence regarding the efficacy, effectiveness and risks of the use of inactivated influenza vaccines in children, healthy adults, elderly individuals and individuals with co-morbidities such as diabetes, chronic lung disease, cardiovascular disease, kidney or liver disease and immune suppression. METHODS: The Cochrane database of systematic reviews was search ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.08.008

83. Absolute and percent CD4+ T-cell enumeration by flow cytometry using capillary blood

Author:
Nádia Sitoe; Ellen Luecke; Nelson Tembe; Raquel Matavele; Victoria Cumbane; Eugénia Macassa; Paula Vaz; Haynes Sheppard; Ilesh V. Jani
Source:
Journal of immunological methods 2011 v.372 no.1-2 pp. 1-6
ISSN:
0022-1759
Subject:
CD4-positive T-lymphocytes; HIV infections; children; cross-sectional studies; elderly; flow cytometry; patients; wastes; Mozambique
Abstract:
... INTRODUCTION: CD4+ T-cell counting is usually performed on whole blood obtained from standard venipuncture. Venipuncture requires expertise, results in discomfort and generates biological waste. Capillary blood could be used to measure the levels of CD4+ T-cell in children, elderly and very ill patients. We studied the agreement between CD4+ T-cell counts and percent generated using venous blood w ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jim.2011.07.008

84. Antioxidant micronutrient supplementation increases erythrocyte membrane fluidity in adults from a rural Chinese community

Author:
Xiu-Xia Han; Ming Zhang; Ai-Guo Ma; Sheng Ge; Xue-Xiang Shi; Yong-Ye Sun; Qiu-Zhen Wang; Hui Liang
Source:
British journal of nutrition 2011 v.106 no.11 pp. 1676-1682
ISSN:
1475-2662
Subject:
Chinese people; antioxidant activity; antioxidants; ascorbic acid; beta-carotene; children; elderly; erythrocytes; malondialdehyde; membrane fluidity; selenium; vitamin A
Abstract:
... The objective of the present study was to investigate age-related differences in erythrocyte membrane fluidity (EMF) and changes in antioxidant capacity following supplementation. A total of seventy-four children were randomly divided into two groups: group A1 was the placebo-controlled group and group A2 was supplemented daily with 600 μg retinol, 1·0 mg β-carotene, 100 mg tocopherol, 300 mg asco ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0007114511002170
PubMed:
21736780

85. Are we adapting to climate change?

Author:
Lea Berrang-Ford; James D. Ford; Jaclyn Paterson
Source:
Global environmental change 2011 v.21 no.1 pp. 25-33
ISSN:
0959-3780
Subject:
children; climate change; developed countries; elderly; humans; income; women
Abstract:
... Human systems will have to adapt to climate change. Understanding of the magnitude of the adaptation challenge at a global scale, however, is incomplete, constrained by a limited understanding of if and how adaptation is taking place. Here we develop and apply a methodology to track and characterize adaptation action; we apply these methods to the peer-reviewed, English-language literature. Our re ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2010.09.012

86. Benefits of Helicobacter pylori cagE genotyping in addition to cagA genotyping: a Bulgarian study

Author:
Lyudmila Boyanova; Daniel Yordanov; Galina Gergova; Rumyana Markovska; Ivan Mitov
Source:
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2011 v.100 no.4 pp. 529-535
ISSN:
0003-6072
Subject:
Helicobacter pylori; children; clarithromycin; elderly; gender; genes; genotype; genotyping; men; metronidazole; pathogenicity islands; patients; peptic ulcers; therapeutics; women; Eastern European region
Abstract:
... Associations of Helicobacter pylori cagE status with complex patient characteristics remain to be elucidated in Eastern Europe. The aim of this study was to assess the frequencies of cagE gene and cagA/cagE combinations in H. pylori strains from symptomatic Bulgarian patients and to improve cagA detection. cagA and cagE genotypes were evaluated in 219 patients with single-strain infections. In tot ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10482-011-9608-8
PubMed:
21701821

87. Bioaccumulation of metals in human blood in industrially contaminated area

Author:
F. Akbar Jan; M. Ishaq; S. Khan; M. Shakirullah; S.M. Asim; I. Ahmad; Fazal Mabood
Source:
Journal of environmental sciences (China) 2011 v.23 no.12 pp. 2069-2077
ISSN:
1001-0742
Subject:
adolescents; bioaccumulation; blood; children; copper; elderly; females; food chain; food contamination; food crops; heavy metals; humans; males; manganese; meat; milk; zinc; China
Abstract:
... Heavy metals were analyzed in different foods crops, milk, meat and blood samples collected from different age group subjects such as children (1–12 years), adolescent (12–18 years), adults (18–45 years) and old age (above 45 and 55 years for males and females, respectively) from polluted and relatively less polluted areas. The results revealed that the consumption of contaminated food crops, meat ...
DOI:
10.1016/S1001-0742(10)60616-X

88. Calicivirus outbreaks in Hungary

Author:
K. Molnár; M. Melles; I. Rodler; D. Stefler; I. Ember
Source:
Acta alimentaria 2011 v.40 no.4 pp. 417-425
ISSN:
0139-3006
Subject:
European Union; Vesivirus; baked goods; children; elderly; fruits; gastrointestinal system; hospitals; monitoring; people; rapid methods; raw vegetables; viruses; Denmark; Finland; Germany; Hungary; Ireland; Netherlands; Norway
Abstract:
... In year 2006, unusual clustering of cases caused by calicivirus was reported from several EU member states (Germany, Netherlands, Denmark, Ireland, Finland, Norway). Various foods (raw vegetables, fruits, cultivated shells, etc.) may be contaminated at the location of cultivation; this is called primary contamination. Secondary contamination is when infected persons transmit the virus to the foods ...
DOI:
10.1556/AAlim.40.2011.4.1

89. Change in hepatitis A epidemiology after vaccinating high risk children in Taiwan, 1995–2008

Author:
Tsung-Pei Tsou; Cheng-Chung Liu; Ji-Jia Huang; Kun-Ju Tsai; Hsiu-Fang Chang
Source:
Vaccine 2011 v.29 no.16 pp. 2956-2961
ISSN:
0264-410X
Subject:
elderly; epidemiology; hepatitis A; vaccines; risk factors; disease control; children; travel; vaccination; Taiwan
Abstract:
... Taiwan started to immunize children in 30 indigenous townships against hepatitis A since June 1995. The program was further expanded to 19 non-indigenous townships with higher incidence or increased risk of epidemic in 1997–2002, covering 2% of total population. Annual incidence of hepatitis A decreased from 2.96 in 1995 (baseline period) to 0.90/100,000 in 2003–2008 (vaccination period). The inci ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.02.001

90. Contacts with children and young people and adult risk of suffering herpes zoster

Author:
M. Salleras; A. Domínguez; N. Soldevila; A. Prat; P. Garrido; N. Torner; E. Borrás; L. Salleras
Source:
Vaccine 2011 v.29 no.44 pp. 7602-7605
ISSN:
0264-410X
Subject:
adulthood; case-control studies; childhood; children; elderly; patients; people; regression analysis; risk; risk reduction; vaccination; vaccines
Abstract:
... We carried out a matched case–control study to analyze the possible association between exposure to the children and the risk of suffering herpes-zoster in adulthood. Cases of herpes zoster in immunocompetent healthy patients aged ≥25 years seen in the dermatology department of the Sagrado Corazón Hospital in 2007–2008 were matched with four controls. Data were analyzed using conditional logistic ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.08.023

91. Cooperation and competition in a cliff-dwelling people

Author:
Strassmann, Beverly I.
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2011 v.108 no.Supplement_2 pp. 10894-10901
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
alloparental behavior; breeding; child care; children; cliffs; cohort studies; daughters; death; elderly; extended families; humans; monogamy; mothers; nests; polygyny; population dynamics; risk; siblings; villages; Mali
Abstract:
... In animals that breed cooperatively, adult individuals will sometimes delay reproduction to act as helpers at the nest who raise young that are not their genetic offspring. It has been proposed that humans are also a cooperatively breeding species because older daughters, grandmothers, and other kin and nonkin may provide significant childcare. Through a prospective cohort study of children's (n = ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.1100306108
PubMed:
21690343
PubMed Central:
PMC3131812

92. Development of a liposome-based immunochromatographic strip assay for the detection of Salmonella

Author:
Shruti Shukla; Hyerim Leem; Myunghee Kim
Source:
Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry 2011 v.401 no.8 pp. 2581-2590
ISSN:
1618-2642
Subject:
Salmonella Typhimurium; antibodies; antigens; children; color; detection limit; elderly; evaporation; fluorescent dyes; goats; humans; immunoaffinity chromatography; immunoassays; immunoglobulin G; nanogold; pathogens; phospholipids; rabbits; rapid methods
Abstract:
... Salmonella species are ubiquitous human pathogens which pose a dangerous threat to the elderly and children worldwide. In this study, to develop a more efficient assay procedure for the rapid detection of Salmonella Typhimurium, an immunochromatographic strip assay was developed using immunoliposome (anti-Salmonella IgG-tagged) encapsulated with sulforhodamine B (SRB). The detection sensitivity of ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00216-011-5327-2

93. Do leafy green vegetables and their ready-to-eat [RTE] salads carry a risk of foodborne pathogens?

Author:
Birce Mercanoglu Taban; A. Kadir Halkman
Source:
Anaerobe 2011 v.17 no.6 pp. 286-287
ISSN:
1075-9964
Subject:
Escherichia coli O157; Listeria monocytogenes; Salmonella; children; eating habits; elderly; farm to fork; food pathogens; foodborne illness; harvesting; humans; ingestion; international trade; irrigation water; lettuce; lifestyle; monitoring; organic fertilizers; packaging; poisoning; pregnant women; ready-to-eat foods; restaurants; risk; salads; wildlife; Europe; United States
Abstract:
... Over the past 10 years, there is an increasing demand for leafy green vegetables and their ready-to-eat (RTE) salads since people changed their eating habits because of healthier lifestyle interest. Nevertheless fresh leafy green vegetables and their RTE salads are recognized as a source of food poisoning outbreaks in many parts of the world. However, this increased proportion of outbreaks cannot ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.anaerobe.2011.04.004

94. Fonctions cognitives et hydratation

Author:
P. Ritz
Source:
Cahiers de nutrition et de diététique 2011 v.46 no.1S1 pp. H40
ISSN:
0007-9960
Subject:
children; cognition; drinking; elderly; exercise; heat stress; human resources; memory; physiologists
Abstract:
... A clinical association exists between severe dehydration and cognitive performance. Army physiologists attempt to optimize physical and cognitive performances of personnel in hostile environments. Using rapid and severe water loss induced either by intense exercise and/or heat stress, initial studies have suggested alteration in short term memory and cognitive function related to vision. More rece ...
DOI:
10.1016/S0007-9960(11)70008-6

95. Food Insecurity in Pakistan: Causes and Policy Response

Author:
Mohammad Aslam Khan; S. Akhtar Ali Shah
Source:
Journal of agricultural and environmental ethics 2011 v.24 no.5 pp. 493-509
ISSN:
1187-7863
Subject:
case studies; children; elderly; food production; food security; imports; income; issues and policy; malnutrition; planning; poverty; women; Pakistan
Abstract:
... There is evidence of continued food insecurity and malnutrition in Pakistan despite significant progress made in terms of food production in recent years. According to “Vision 2030” of the Planning Commission of Pakistan, about half of the population in the country suffers from absolute to moderate malnutrition, with the most vulnerable being children, women, and elderly among the lowest incom ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10806-010-9274-2

96. High ambient temperature and mortality in California: Exploring the roles of age, disease, and mortality displacement

Author:
Rupa Basu; Brian Malig
Source:
Environmental research 2011 v.111 no.8 pp. 1286-1292
ISSN:
0013-9351
Subject:
ambient temperature; cardiovascular diseases; children; confidence interval; elderly; mortality; respiratory tract diseases; risk; warm season; California
Abstract:
... Investigators have consistently demonstrated associations between elevated temperatures and mortality worldwide. Few have recently focused on identifying vulnerable subgroups, and far fewer have determined whether at least some of the observed effect may be a manifestation of mortality displacement. We examined mean daily apparent temperature and mortality in 13 counties in California during the w ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envres.2011.09.006

97. Hospital admissions for asthma and acute bronchitis in El Paso, Texas: Do age, sex, and insurance status modify the effects of dust and low wind events?

Author:
Sara E. Grineski; Joan G. Staniswalis; Priyangi Bulathsinhala; Yanlei Peng; Thomas E. Gill
Source:
Environmental research 2011 v.111 no.8 pp. 1148-1155
ISSN:
0013-9351
Subject:
air; asthma; boys; bronchitis; children; confidence interval; elderly; environmental factors; girls; health insurance; humans; nitrogen dioxide; particulates; pollutants; regression analysis; risk; sublethal effects; temperature; wind; Texas
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: El Paso County (Texas) is prone to still air inversions and is one of the dust “hot spots” in North America. In this context, we examined the sub-lethal effects of airborne dust and low wind events on human respiratory health (i.e., asthma and acute bronchitis) between 2000 and 2003, when 110 dust and 157 low wind events occurred. Because environmental conditions may not affect everyon ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envres.2011.06.007
PubMed:
21782162
PubMed Central:
PMC3572938

98. Identification of Human Age Using Trace Element Concentrations in Hair and the Support Vector Machine Method

Author:
Jinmei Lv; Wuyi Wang; Fengying Zhang; Thomas Krafft; Fuqing Yuan; Yonghua Li
Source:
Biological trace element research 2011 v.143 no.3 pp. 1441-1450
ISSN:
0163-4984
Subject:
cadmium; calcium; children; chromium; copper; elderly; humans; longevity; magnesium; manganese; nickel; people; zinc; China
Abstract:
... Trace element content in hair is affected by the age of the donor. Hair samples of subjects from four counties in China where people are known to have long lifespan (“longevity counties”) were collected and the trace element content determined. Samples were subdivided into three age groups based on the age of the donors from whom these were taken: children (0–15 years); elderly (80–99 years); and ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12011-011-9007-z
PubMed:
21360056

99. Les eaux embouteillées

Author:
Florence Constant; Nasrine Hawili
Source:
Cahiers de nutrition et de diététique 2011 v.46 no.1 pp. 40-50
ISSN:
0007-9960
Subject:
adolescents; adverse effects; bottled water; calcium; children; diet; drinking water; elderly; humans; lactating women; lactation; magnesium; mineral water; minerals; springs (water); sulfates
Abstract:
... Bottled waters, natural mineral water and spring water, meet the specific criteria defined by the regulation. Natural mineral water is characterized by its underground origin, the stability of its composition and its “original purity”. Water is an essential nutrient whose primary function is to hydrate. However, some natural mineral water can contribute to meet the recommended daily allowances ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cnd.2010.11.001

100. National Diet and Nutrition Survey: UK food consumption and nutrient intakes from the first year of the rolling programme and comparisons with previous surveys

Author:
Clare Whitton; Sonja K. Nicholson; Caireen Roberts; Celia J. Prynne; Gerda K. Pot; Ashley Olson; Emily Fitt; Darren Cole; Birgit Teucher; Beverley Bates; Helen Henderson; Sarah Pigott; Claire Deverill; Gillian Swan; Alison M. Stephen
Source:
British journal of nutrition 2011 v.106 no.12 pp. 1899-1914
ISSN:
1475-2662
Subject:
adolescents; children; chocolate; cross-sectional studies; dietary surveys; elderly; energy; food consumption; girls; iron; national surveys; nutrient intake; nutrients; nutritional status; potato chips; rolling; snacks; soft drinks; sugars; sweets; women; United Kingdom
Abstract:
... The National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) is a cross-sectional survey designed to gather data representative of the UK population on food consumption, nutrient intakes and nutritional status. The objectives of the present paper were to identify and describe food consumption and nutrient intakes in the UK from the first year of the NDNS rolling programme (2008–09) and compare these with the 200 ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0007114511002340
PubMed:
21736781
PubMed Central:
PMC3328127