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You searched for: Subject term emulsions Remove constraint Subject term: emulsions Subject term epoxides Remove constraint Subject term: epoxides
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1. Shrink-Resist Treatment of Wool with Epoxy-Functional Acrylic Emulsions—Polyethylene Polyamines as Curing Agents

Author:
Thomas Jellinek
Source:
Textile research journal 1983 v.53 no.12 pp. 763-771
ISSN:
0040-5175
Subject:
catalysts; cross-linking reagents; crosslinking; curing agents; emulsions; epoxides; fabrics; molecular weight; organic acids and salts; polyacrylic acid; polyamines; polyethylene; polyethyleneimine; textile fibers; volatile organic compounds; wool
Abstract:
... Wool can be effectively shrinkproofed by an epoxy-functional polyacrylate emulsion, provided that a small proportion of a moderately high molecular weight polyethylene polyamine (e.g., polyethylenimine) is included as a crosslinking agent. Other types of polyamines or alternative epoxy resin curing agents are ineffective. The shrink-resist effectiveness increases with molecular size of the polyami ...
DOI:
10.1177/004051758305301208

2. Stabilitas emulsi kopolimer S-GMA (stirena – glisidil metakrilat)

Author:
Isananto Winursito
Source:
Majalah kulit, karet, dan plastik 1992 v.8 no.14 pp. 86-95
ISSN:
2460-4461
Subject:
biocompatible materials; composite polymers; copolymerization; emulsions; epoxides; hydrolysis; latex; pH; styrene; temperature
Abstract:
... Epoxy groups in glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) units have been available for the reaction with amine of proteins or other biological active substrates to prepare biomaterials and hybrid devices. Soap-soap copolymerization of GMA with styrene (S) result the formation of stable latex. Hydrolysis of epoxy groups in copolymer particles increased emulsion stability. The effect of pH, temperature and react ...
DOI:
10.20543/mkkp.v8i14.488

3. Process intensification in particle technology: flow induced phase inversion in the intensive emulsification of epoxy polymer melts in water

Author:
L. Tong; G. Akay
Source:
Journal of materials science 2002 v.37 no.23 pp. 4985-4992
ISSN:
0022-2461
Subject:
chemical structure; deformation; droplets; emulsifying; emulsions; epoxides; injection molding; melting; molecular weight; polymers; surfactants
Abstract:
... The flow induced phase inversion phenomenon is applied to the phase inversion emulsification of high molecular weight epoxy polymer melt to obtain sub-micron particles. It is found that molecular surfactants could not be used to obtain the initial [water-in-polymer melt] emulsion. Polymeric surfactants, hydrophobically modified water soluble polymers have to be used for this purpose. The molecular ...
DOI:
10.1023/A:1021019111683

4. Polyoxometalate-catalysed epoxidation of 1-octene with hydrogen peroxide in microemulsions coupled with ultrafiltration

Author:
Arnold Lambert; Pawel Plucinski; Ivan V. Kozhevnikov
Source:
Chemical communications 2003 v. no.6 pp. 714-715
ISSN:
1364-548X
Subject:
catalytic activity; emulsions; epoxidation reactions; epoxides; hydrogen peroxide; salts; ultrafiltration
Abstract:
... Epoxidation of 1-octene with hydrogen peroxide catalysed by amphiphilic salts of peroxo tungstophosphate {PO₄[WO(O₂)₂]₄}³⁻ in water-in-oil microemulsions is an efficient and environmentally benign reaction which, coupled with ultrafiltration, shows the potential for continuous production of epoxides. ...
DOI:
10.1039/b300494p

5. Effects of emulsion sizing with nano-SiO2 on interfacial properties of carbon fibers/epoxy composites

Author:
Yu Yang; Chunxiang Lu; Xiaolei Su; Xinkui Wang
Source:
Journal of materials science 2007 v.42 no.15 pp. 6347-6352
ISSN:
0022-2461
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adhesion; atomic force microscopy; carbon fibers; contact angle; emulsions; energy; epoxides; moieties; nanomaterials; scanning electron microscopy; shear strength; silica; surface roughness
Abstract:
... Nano-SiO₂ particles were used to modify epoxy emulsion sizing of carbon fibers to improve the interfacial properties of carbon fibers reinforced epoxy composites. The mechanical interfacial strength between fibers and matrix was investigated by the single fiber fragmentation test and the 3-point short beam shear test, respectively. Dynamic contact angle analysis (DCAA), X-ray photoelectron spectro ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10853-006-1198-x

6. Controllable preparation of epoxy-functionalized magnetic polymer latexes with different morphologies by modified miniemulsion polymerization

Author:
Xu, Yawen; Xu, Hong; Gu, Hongchen
Source:
Journal of polymer science 2010 v.48 no.11 pp. 2284-2293
ISSN:
0887-624X
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; emulsions; epoxides; microstructure; polymerization; polymers; temperature; transmission electron microscopy; zeta potential
Abstract:
... The synthesis of functional magnetic polymer latexes (MPLs) with epoxy groups introduced via a modified miniemulsion polymerization route was described. The epoxy group content on the surface could be controlled by seed emulsion followed and characterized by FTIR and zeta potential measurements. We also developed a novel approach to achieve manipulation of the morphology of the MPLs based on kinet ...
DOI:
10.1002/pola.23984

7. Development and characterization of porous epoxy monoliths via pore-initiated polymerization

Author:
Jie Tu; Zhongjie Du; Hangquan Li; Chen Zhang
Source:
Colloids and surfaces 2011 v.375 no.1-3 pp. 68-75
ISSN:
0927-7757
Subject:
absorption; acetone; acrylic acid; contact angle; emulsions; epoxides; hydrophilicity; polyacrylic acid; polymerization; porosity; scanning electron microscopy; spectroscopy; surfaces; swelling (materials); transmission electron microscopy; water; wettability
Abstract:
... Hydrophilic surface modification of porous epoxy monoliths was carried out by introducing the initiator into the wall of pores and then polymerizing acrylic acid monomer onto the surface. The porous epoxy monolith was prepared via concentrated emulsion polymerization template. Before fully curing of epoxy, the free radical initiator was immobilized on the pore surface by swelling the porous epoxy ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.colsurfa.2010.11.059

8. Synthesis of highly surface functionalized monodispersed poly(St/DVB/GMA) nanospheres with soap-free emulsion polymerization followed by facile “click chemistry” with functionalized alkylthiols

Author:
Xiao-Jie Song; Jun Hu; Chang-Chun Wang
Source:
Colloids and surfaces 2011 v.380 no.1-3 pp. 250-256
ISSN:
0927-7757
Subject:
adsorption; beta-mercaptoethanol; colloids; emulsions; epoxides; models; nanospheres; polymerization; polymers; sorption isotherms; thiols; toluidine blue
Abstract:
... Poly(St/DVB/GMA) nanospheres (PNs) were prepared by soap-free emulsion polymerization and the surfaces of the PNs were further functionalized by the thiol-epoxy “click-chemistry” of surface pendant epoxy groups with functional thiols. A variety of functional groups were successfully grafted to the PNs surfaces at high densities as exemplified by the reactions with 2-aminoethanethiol, thioglycolic ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.colsurfa.2011.02.024

9. Covalent immobilization of Kluyveromyces fragilis β-galactosidase on magnetic nanosized epoxy support for synthesis of galacto-oligosaccharide

Author:
Hong Liu; Jianfu Liu; Bin Tan; Fenjuan Zhou; Yan Qin; Ruijin Yang
Source:
Bioprocess and biosystems engineering 2012 v.35 no.8 pp. 1287-1295
ISSN:
1615-7591
Subject:
Kluyveromyces marxianus; beta-galactosidase; biocatalysts; bioprocessing; catalytic activity; composite polymers; emulsifiers; emulsions; engineering; epoxides; esters; galactooligosaccharides; immobilized enzymes; magnetic properties; magnetism; nanocomposites; nanoparticles; polymerization; scanning electron microscopy; surfaces
Abstract:
... The novel magnetic nanobeads with epoxy groups on the surface were prepared from glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) via emulsifier-free emulsion polymerisation, and they were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and vibrating sample magnetometer. The magnetic poly(GMA–EDGMA–HEMA) nanobeads were used as support for coval ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00449-012-0716-2

10. Effect of interface debonding on the thermal conductivity of microencapsulated-paraffin filled epoxy matrix composites

Author:
Jun-Feng Su; Yun-Hui Zhao; Xin-Yu Wang; Hua Dong; Sheng-Bao Wang
Source:
Composites 2012 v.43 no.3 pp. 325-332
ISSN:
1359-835X
Subject:
emulsions; epoxides; heat treatment; materials; mixing; models; phase transition; scanning electron microscopy; thermal conductivity; thermography
Abstract:
... Microcapsules containing phase change materials (microPCMs) can be filled in polymeric matrix forming smart temperature-controlling composites. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of interface debonding on the thermal conductivity of microPCMs containing paraffin/epoxy composites. The shell thickness and average size of microPCMs were controlled by regulating the core/shell ratios ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.compositesa.2011.12.003

11. Effect of short-chain silicones bearing different functional groups on the resistance of pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) against decay fungi

Author:
Malte Pries; Roland Wagner; Karl-Heinz Kaesler; Holger Militz; Carsten Mai
Source:
Holzforschung 2012 v.67 no.4 pp. 447-454
ISSN:
1437-434X
Subject:
Coniophora puteana; Coriolus versicolor; Fagus sylvatica; Pinus sylvestris; decay fungi; emulsions; epoxides; mechanism of action; sapwood; silicone; water uptake; wood
Abstract:
... Blocks of pine sapwood and beech wood were treated with water-based emulsions containing short-chain silicones with different α-ω-bonded functional groups, such as diamino, carboxyl and carbonyl, betain, and epoxy groups. The weight percent gain upon treatment of the pine wood specimens was relatively high (10%–20%), but their cross-sectional bulking was low (1%–2.5%). Thus, the anti-shrink effici ...
DOI:
10.1515/hf-2012-0065

12. Synthesis of poly(vinylidene chloride)-based composite latexes by emulsion polymerization from epoxy functional seeds for improved thermal stability

Author:
Jérôme Garnier; Pierre-Emmanuel Dufils; Jérôme Vinas; Yves Vanderveken; Alex van Herk; Patrick Lacroix-Desmazes
Source:
Polymer degradation and stability 2012 v.97 no.2 pp. 170-177
ISSN:
0141-3910
Subject:
emulsions; encapsulation; epoxides; hydrolysis; molecular weight; pH; particle size; polymerization; polymers; seeds; sodium pyrophosphate; temperature; thermal stability; thermogravimetry
Abstract:
... Poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-butyl methacrylate)/poly(vinylidene chloride-co-methyl acrylate) (poly(GMA-co-BMA)/poly(VDC-co-MA)) composite latexes have been successfully synthesized via a two-stage emulsion polymerization process. In a first step, emulsion copolymerization of GMA and BMA was carried out in optimized conditions (low temperature, neutral pH, starved-feed conditions) to both limit t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2011.10.019

13. Toward Designer Magnetite/Polystyrene Colloidal Composite Microspheres with Controllable Nanostructures and Desirable Surface Functionalities

Author:
Xu Shuai; Ma Wan-Fu; You Li-Jun; Li Ju-Mei; Guo Jia; Hu Jack J.; Wang Chang-Chun
Source:
Langmuir 2012 v.28 no.6 pp. 3271-3278
ISSN:
1520-5827
Subject:
benzene; copolymerization; emulsions; epoxides; ethylene glycol; hydrophobicity; magnetite; microparticles; moieties; nanocrystals; polystyrenes; potassium persulfate; styrene; surface tension; viscosity
Abstract:
... An effective method was developed for synthesizing magnetite/polymer colloidal composite microspheres with controllable variations in size and shape of the nanostructures and desirable interfacial chemical functionalities, using surfactant-free seeded emulsion polymerization with magnetite (Fe₃O₄) colloidal nanocrystal clusters (CNCs) as the seed, styrene (St) as the monomer, and potassium persulf ...
DOI:
10.1021/la2043137

14. Natural stone reinforcement of discontinuities with resin for industrial processing

Author:
A.M. López-Buendía; C. Guillem; J.M. Cuevas; F. Mateos; M. Montoto
Source:
Engineering geology 2013 v.166 no. pp. 39-51
ISSN:
0013-7952
Subject:
adhesion; calcite; clay minerals; construction materials; emulsions; engineering; epoxides; industry; iron oxides; limestone; permeability; porosity; processing technology; slabs; solvents; tensile strength; wettability
Abstract:
... Natural stone is used as a construction material thanks to its aesthetic, mechanical, and durable properties. Frequently, some pieces of stone show weakness planes that are critical from the mechanical point of view because they can restrict their processing in the Stone Industry. Treatment with epoxy resin has become widely used due to good performance and good finishing properties. Crema Marfil ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.enggeo.2013.09.004

15. Thermosensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-glycidyl methacrylate) microgels for controlled drug release

Author:
Penghui Li; Ruizhen Xu; Wenhao Wang; Xiaolong Li; Zushun Xu; Kelvin W.K. Yeung; Paul K. Chu
Source:
Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces 2013 v.101 pp. 251-255
ISSN:
0927-7765
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; chemical composition; colloids; composite polymers; cytotoxicity; drug carriers; emulsions; epoxides; fluorouracil; hydrodynamics; light scattering; models; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; polymerization; scanning electron microscopy; temperature; transmittance
Abstract:
... A new type of thermosensitive microgels with epoxy functional groups is designed and synthesized for drug delivery. The thermosensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-glycidyl methacrylate) (designated as P(NIPAM-co-GMA)) microgels are prepared by an emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization method and the chemical composition of the copolymer is determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.07.009

16. Versatile Fabrication of Nanocomposite Microcapsules with Controlled Shell Thickness and Low Permeability

Author:
Yang Yu; Wei Zengjiang; Wang Chaoyang; Tong Zhen
Source:
ACS applied materials 2013 v.5 no.7 pp. 2495-2502
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
droplets; emulsions; engineering; epoxides; formaldehyde; melamine; nanocomposites; nanoparticles; oils; permeability; phenylacetic acid; polymerization; propylene glycol; resins; silica; thermal stability; thermogravimetry; weight loss
Abstract:
... Novel ethyl phenylacetate (EPA)-loaded nanocomposite microcapsules with polyurea (PU) /poly (melamine formaldehyde) (PMF) shells were facilely and fabricated: by using silica nanoparticle-stabilized oil-in-water (o/w) emulsion template and subsequent interfacial reaction and in situ polymerization. SiO₂ nanoparticles absorbed at the interface between oil and water to stabilize the o/w emulsions. T ...
DOI:
10.1021/am302963d

17. Design and manufacture of photoluminescent coatings on stainless steel substrates

Author:
M. Barletta; G. Rubino; V. Tagliaferri; S. Vesco
Source:
Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 2014 v.455 pp. 147-155
ISSN:
0927-7757
Subject:
cameras; coatings; drawdown; emulsions; epoxides; manufacturing; monitoring; photoluminescence; pigments; scanning electron microscopy; silicone; stainless steel
Abstract:
... Photoluminescent coatings were designed by dispersing SrAl2O4:Eu2+, Dy3+ photoluminescent pigments in a silicone epoxy hybrid binder hardened with a bifunctional silane which possesses a reactive primary amino and hydrolysable ethoxysilyl groups. The resulting emulsions were deposited by an automatic drawdown applicator on AISI 304 stainless steel flat substrates and allowed to dry at ambient cond ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.colsurfa.2014.04.044

18. Encapsulation of Aliphatic Amines Using Microfluidics

Author:
Chen Philipp W.; Cadisch Gian; Studart André R.
Source:
Langmuir 2014 v.30 no.9 pp. 2346-2350
ISSN:
1520-5827
Subject:
adhesives; amines; aqueous solutions; emulsifying; emulsions; encapsulation; epoxides; evaporation; liquids; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; polymerization; resins
Abstract:
... The encapsulation of amines by emulsification and interfacial polymerization is important for smart adhesives and self-healing materials but has been challenging because of the reactive nature of amines and their wide miscibility range. In this study, we propose a new method to encapsulate amines using double-emulsion templates made in a microfluidic device. The double emulsions contain an aqueous ...
DOI:
10.1021/la500037d

19. Fabrication of interfacial functionalized porous polymer monolith and its adsorption properties of copper ions

Author:
Jiaxi Han; Zhongjie Du; Wei Zou; Hangquan Li; Chen Zhang
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2014 v.276 pp. 225-231
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; adsorbents; adsorption; chemical structure; copper; emulsions; epoxides; ions; pH; polyacrylic acid; polymerization; porosity; scanning electron microscopy
Abstract:
... The interfacial functionalized poly (glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA) porous monolith was fabricated and applied as a novel porous adsorbent for copper ions (Cu2+). PGMA porous material with highly interconnected pore network was prepared by concentrated emulsion polymerization template. Then polyacrylic acid (PAA) was grafted onto the interface of the porous monolith by the reaction between the epox ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.05.035

20. Synthesis of polymerizable quaternary ammonium emulsifier and properties of its fiber crosslining emulsion

Author:
Xiuhua Yan; Wei Xu; Rong Sao; Lanqing Tang; Yongxin Ji
Source:
Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 2014 v.443 pp. 60-65
ISSN:
0927-7757
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; absorption; chemical structure; differential scanning calorimetry; emulsifiers; emulsions; epoxides; fiber quality; micelles; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; particle size; polymerization; styrene; surface tension
Abstract:
... A polymerizable emulsifier with quaternary ammonium groups as polar heads, epoxy groups as functional moieties were synthesized and investigated in pre-emulsified seed copolymerization of styrene and butyl acrylate. The chemical structure and composition of polymerizable quaternary ammonium emulsifier were confirmed by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum(1H NMR) and Fourier transforms infrared ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.colsurfa.2013.10.052

21. Tailored for simplicity: creating high porosity, high performance bio-based macroporous polymers from foam templates

Author:
Thomas H. M. Lau; Ling L. C. Wong; Koon-Yang Lee; Alexander Bismarck
Source:
Green chemistry 2014 v.16 no.4 pp. 1931-1940
ISSN:
1463-9270
Subject:
emulsions; epoxides; foams; green chemistry; polymerization; polymers; porosity; porous media
Abstract:
... Mechanical frothing can be used to create gas–liquid monomer foams, which can then be subsequently polymerised to produce macroporous polymers. Until recently, this technique was limited to producing low porosity macroporous polymers with poor pore morphology and compression properties. In this study, we show that high porosity (75–80%) biobased macroporous polymers with excellent mechanical compr ...
DOI:
10.1039/c3gc41807c

22. The preparation of a three-layer “core–shell” structured epoxy-acrylate emulsion

Author:
Lizhu Liu; Jinfeng Li; Xiaorui Zhang; Ke Jin
Source:
RSC advances 2014 v.4 no.88 pp. 47184-47190
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
emulsions; epoxides; particle size; particle size distribution; raw materials; resins; styrene; thermal stability
Abstract:
... “Core–shell” structured epoxy-acrylate emulsions with different contents of epoxy resins were synthesized. Styrene (St), butyl acrylic (BA), methyl methacrylate (MMA) and epoxy resin (E-51) were used as the main raw materials. The fine control of the epoxy content was the key approach to design the morphologies of the emulsion. Due to the different epoxy contents, there was a transition of the par ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ra06705c

23. Design and development of novel reactive amine nanocontainers for a self-healing epoxy adhesive: self-repairing investigation using the lap shear test

Author:
Sepideh Khoee; Zahra Kachoei
Source:
RSC advances 2015 v.5 no.27 pp. 21023-21032
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; adhesion; adhesives; ambient temperature; emulsions; epoxides; fluorescence; fluorescence microscopy; scanning electron microscopy; shear strength; spectral analysis
Abstract:
... A self-healing epoxy adhesive is reported based on a commercial structural adhesive which has the ability to heal under room temperature conditions. Various reactive amine nanocontainers were achieved via a simple and novel double emulsion technique and characterized by spectroscopic study. The effect of the shell wall structure of the nanocontainers on the adhesion properties of the epoxy adhesiv ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ra16344c

24. Design of New Camelina Oil-Based Hydrophilic Monomers for Novel Polymeric Materials

Author:
Brindusa Balanuca; Raluca Stan; Anamaria Hanganu; Adriana Lungu; Horia Iovu
Source:
The journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 2015 v.92 no.6 pp. 881-891
ISSN:
0003-021X
Subject:
Camelina; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; emulsions; epoxides; hydrophilicity; molecular weight; oils; polymerization; polymers; surfactants; thermal stability; thermogravimetry
Abstract:
... Triglyceride-based monomers represent a competitive alternative to petrochemical resources in the macromolecular compounds area. In the current study, several types of hydrophilic camelina oil (CO)-based monomers were synthesized using tunable experimental protocols that involve three different steps: first—conversion of the double bonds into epoxy rings, second—partial opening of the epoxy rings ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11746-015-2654-z

25. Janus graphene oxide nanosheets prepared via Pickering emulsion template

Author:
Hao Wu; Wenyuan Yi; Zhe Chen; Haitao Wang; Qiangguo Du
Source:
Carbon 2015 v.93 pp. 473-483
ISSN:
0008-6223
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; carbon; emulsions; epoxides; graphene oxide; hydrophilicity; nanosheets; oils; polymers; thermogravimetry
Abstract:
... Janus graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets functionalized by amino-containing chemicals were prepared via Pickering emulsion template. A wax-in-water Pickering emulsion was used to mask one side of GO nanosheets in order to achieve asymmetric chemical functionalization. Janus particles were obtained by removing the oil phase. The successful reaction of epoxy groups on the surface of GO with amino-contai ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbon.2015.05.083

26. Multilayer composite microcapsules synthesized by Pickering emulsion templates and their application in self-healing coating

Author:
Huan Yi; Yu Yang; Xiaoyu Gu; Jian Huang; Chaoyang Wang
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2015 v.3 no.26 pp. 13749-13757
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; coatings; durability; emulsions; epoxides; evaporation; light microscopy; lignin; lignin content; scanning electron microscopy; steel; temperature; thermal stability; thermogravimetry
Abstract:
... Multilayer composite microcapsules, richly and efficiently loaded with a healing reagent (isophorone diisocyanate, IPDI), are prepared based on lignin nanoparticle-stabilized oil-in-water (O/W) Pickering emulsion templates. Size control of the microcapsules is conducted by varying the lignin content and the oil–water volume ratios of the Pickering emulsions. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM ...
DOI:
10.1039/c5ta02288f

27. Nonaqueous Dispersion Formed by an Emulsion Solvent Evaporation Method Using Block–Random Copolymer Surfactant Synthesized by RAFT Polymerization

Author:
Ezaki Naofumi; Watanabe Yoshifumi; Mori Hideharu
Source:
Langmuir 2015 v.31 no.42 pp. 11399-11408
ISSN:
1520-5827
Subject:
color; composite polymers; dispersions; droplet size; dyes; emulsions; epoxides; evaporation; methanol; particle size; polymerization; solvents; surfactants
Abstract:
... As surfactants for preparation of nonaqueous microcapsule dispersions by the emulsion solvent evaporation method, three copolymers composed of stearyl methacrylate (SMA) and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) with different monomer sequences (i.e., random, block, and block–random) were synthesized by reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. Despite having the same comonomer ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b02358

28. Preparation of Stimuli-Responsive Functionalized Latex Nanoparticles: The Effect of Spiropyran Concentration on Size and Photochromic Properties

Author:
Abdollahi Amin; Mahdavian Ali Reza; Salehi-Mobarakeh Hamid
Source:
Langmuir 2015 v.31 no.39 pp. 10672-10682
ISSN:
1520-5827
Subject:
absorption; adhesion; cellulosic fibers; chemical bonding; composite polymers; copolymerization; emulsions; epoxides; irradiation; latex; light scattering; moieties; nanoparticles; particle size; particle size distribution; photostability; scanning electron microscopy; ultraviolet radiation; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy
Abstract:
... Incorporation of photochromic compounds to polymer matrix through chemical bonding results in an enhancement of photoactivity and stabilization of optical properties. Here, spiropyran ethyl acrylate monomer (SPEA) was synthesized, and then photochromic particles bearing epoxy functional groups were prepared through semicontinuous emulsion copolymerization. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and scanni ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b02612

29. Synthesis of polymeric core/shell microspheres with spherical virus-like surface morphology by Pickering emulsion

Author:
Jinjie Liu; Dezhong Yin; Shuai Zhang; Hao Liu; Qiuyu Zhang
Source:
Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 2015 v.466 pp. 174-180
ISSN:
0927-7757
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; emulsions; epoxides; hydrolysis; hydrophilicity; light scattering; polymerization; scanning electron microscopes; scanning electron microscopy
Abstract:
... Core–shell polymeric microspheres of tens microns in size with perfect spherical virus-like surface morphology were prepared through Pickering emulsion polymerization. Pickering stabilizer, monodisperse Poly(Glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA) microsphere were obtained by two-stage dispersion polymerization and acid catalyzed hydrolysis was employed to transform the epoxy groups into glycol groups, rend ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.colsurfa.2014.11.008

30. Activation of Polyethylene/Polypropylene Nonwoven Fabric by Radiation-Induced Grafting for the Removal of Cr(VI) from Aqueous Solutions

Author:
Cengiz Kavaklı; Murat Barsbay; Serhad Tilki; Olgun Güven; Pınar Akkaş Kavaklı
Source:
Water, air, and soil pollution 2016 v.227 no.12 pp. 473
ISSN:
0049-6979
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adsorbents; adsorption; anions; aqueous solutions; chromium; emulsions; epoxides; ionic strength; models; nitric acid; pH; polyethylene; polymerization; polypropylenes; scanning electron microscopy; sorption isotherms
Abstract:
... Cr(VI) adsorption onto a novel fibrous ethylenediamine-functionalized polyethylene/polypropylene (PE/PP-g-PGMA-EDA) nonwoven fabric was investigated in aqueous solutions. The ethylenediamine functionalities were immobilized on the PE/PP nonwoven fabric through the epoxy groups of poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA) grafted to the fibers via radiation-induced emulsion graft polymerization in aqueous ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11270-016-3184-5

31. Emulsion-cryogelation technique for fabricating a versatile toolbox of hierarchical polymeric monolith and its application in chromatography

Author:
Yaping Li; Li Qi; Nan Li; Huimin Ma
Source:
Talanta 2016 v.152 pp. 244-250
ISSN:
0039-9140
Subject:
acid hydrolysis; adsorption; composite polymers; emulsions; epoxides; ice; liquid chromatography; mercury; microstructure; models; moieties; nitrogen; permeability; polymerization; porosimetry; scanning electron microscopy; solvents; temperature
Abstract:
... A novel poly (glycidyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) monolith has been fabricated via the environmental friendly cryogelation-emulsion technique. The polymerization process is assisted by self-assembly of typical tri-block copolymer Pluronic F127 at sub-zero temperature using ice crystal as template, which can avoid consumption of organic porogenic solvents and thermal unstability of em ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.talanta.2016.02.002

32. Encapsulating 8-hydroxyquinoline in graphene oxide-stabilized polystyrene containers and its anticorrosion performance

Author:
Sneha Daradmare; Mamata Pradhan; V. S. Raja; Smrutiranjan Parida
Source:
Journal of materials science 2016 v.51 no.22 pp. 10262-10277
ISSN:
0022-2461
Subject:
8-hydroxyquinoline; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; coatings; containers; corrosion; cost effectiveness; emulsions; encapsulation; epoxides; graphene; graphene oxide; oils; polymerization; polystyrenes; temperature
Abstract:
... We report the formation of encapsulated graphene oxide/polystyrene (GO/PS) containers via Pickering emulsion polymerization of oil-in-water emulsions stabilized by GO sheets. Without further functionalization, the as-synthesized GO sheets were used for emulsion stabilization to minimize the process step. A one-step process was developed to encapsulate 8-Hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ) in GO/PS containers. ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10853-016-0254-4

33. Epoxidation and etherification of alkaline lignin to prepare water-soluble derivatives and its performance in improvement of enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency

Author:
Changzhou Chen; Mingqiang Zhu; Mingfei Li; Yongming Fan; Run-Cang Sun
Source:
Biotechnology for biofuels 2016 v.9 no.1 pp. 87
ISSN:
1754-6834
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; biomass; biopolymers; biorefining; burning; catalysts; cellulose; detergents; emulsifiers; emulsifying; emulsions; environmental impact; enzymatic hydrolysis; epoxides; ethanol fermentation; ethanol production; feedstocks; fossils; glucose; hardwood; lignin; micelles; microorganisms; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; pollution; polyethylene glycol; potassium persulfate; pulp; surface tension; toxicity; value-added products
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Due to the depletion of fossil resources and their environmental impact, woody biomass has received much attention as an alternative resource. Lignin, as the third most abundant biopolymer from biomass, is now considered as an excellent alternative feedstock for chemicals and materials. The conversion of lignin to the value-added products is a key process to achieve an integrated biore ...
DOI:
10.1186/s13068-016-0499-9
PubMed:
27087854
PubMed Central:
PMC4832561

34. Epoxy-acrylic core-shell particles by seeded emulsion polymerization

Author:
Liang Chen; Liang Hong; Jui-Ching Lin; Greg Meyers; Joseph Harris; Michael Radler
Source:
Journal of colloid and interface science 2016 v.473 pp. 182-189
ISSN:
0021-9797
Subject:
X-radiation; analytical methods; atomic force microscopy; emulsions; epoxides; molecular weight; polymerization; polymers; temperature
Abstract:
... We developed a novel method for synthesizing epoxy-acrylic hybrid latexes. We first prepared an aqueous dispersion of high molecular weight solid epoxy prepolymers using a mechanical dispersion process at elevated temperatures, and we subsequently used the epoxy dispersion as a seed in the emulsion polymerization of acrylic monomers comprising methyl methacrylate (MMA) and methacrylic acid (MAA). ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcis.2016.04.005

35. Interlaminar fracture of CF/EP composite containing a dual-component microencapsulated self-healant

Author:
Habibah Ghazali; Lin Ye; Ming Q. Zhang
Source:
Composites 2016 v.82 pp. 226-234
ISSN:
1359-835X
Subject:
carbon; carbon fibers; composite materials; delamination; emulsions; epoxides; microencapsulation; polymerization
Abstract:
... We present an experimental study of the self-healing ability of carbon fibre/epoxy (CF/EP) composite laminates with microencapsulated epoxy and its hardener (mercaptan) as a healing agent. Epoxy- and hardener-loaded microcapsules (average size large: 123μm; small: 65μm) were prepared by in situ polymerisation in an oil-in-water emulsion and were dry-dispersed at the ratio 1:1 on the surface of uni ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.compositesa.2015.12.012

36. Microencapsulation of epoxy resins: Optimization of synthesis conditions

Author:
Romina P. Ollier; Marcela E. Penoff; Vera A. Alvarez
Source:
Colloids and surfaces 2016 v.511 pp. 27-38
ISSN:
0927-7757
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; agitation; chemical structure; composite materials; differential scanning calorimetry; emulsifying; emulsions; epoxides; freeze drying; manufacturing; microencapsulation; mixing; polymerization; powders; resins; scanning electron microscopy; thermal properties; thermogravimetry; urea formaldehyde; viscosity
Abstract:
... In this work, a series of microcapsules were prepared by in situ polymerization in oil-in-water emulsion with poly(urea-formaldehyde) as shell material and diglycidyl ether of bisphenol F as core substance. Different reaction parameters were analyzed: emulsification conditions (time, agitation method and rate), the viscosity of the core phase, stirring speed during synthesis, core/shell mass ratio ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.09.081

37. Preparation of Fast Photoresponsive Cellulose and Kinetic Study of Photoisomerization

Author:
Keyvan Rad Jaber; Mahdavian Ali Reza
Source:
The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2016 v.120 no.18 pp. 9985-9991
ISSN:
1932-7455
Subject:
cellulose; contact angle; copolymerization; emulsions; epoxides; hydrophobicity; irradiation; latex; moieties; paper; photoisomerization; photostability; polymers; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy; wavelengths
Abstract:
... Exploitation of a polymer carrier for introducing photochromic properties to cellulose matrix has several advantages such as photostability, photoreversibility, elimination of dye aggregation, and elimination of undesirable negative photochromism. The switching rate of a photochromic compound in the polymer matrix depends on steric restrictions, polarity, protic characteristics, and flexibility of ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b02594

38. Rapid preparation of highly reliable PDMS double emulsion microfluidic devices

Author:
Shunbo Li; Xiuqing Gong; Ciara S. Mc Nally; Muling Zeng; Thembaninkosi Gaule; Clara Anduix-Canto; Alexander N. Kulak; Lukmaan A. Bawazer; Michael J. McPherson; Fiona C. Meldrum
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.31 pp. 25927-25933
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
droplets; emulsions; epoxides; hydrophilicity; hydrophobicity; oil-water interface; wettability
Abstract:
... This article presents a simple and highly reliable method for preparing PDMS microfluidic double emulsion devices that employs a single-step oxidative plasma treatment to both pattern the wettability of the microchannels and to bond the chips. As a key component of our strategy we use epoxy glue to define the required hydrophobic zones and then remove this after plasma treatment, but prior to bond ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra03225g

39. Reactions between peracetic acid and lipophilic extractives – methodologies and implications in post bleaching of kraft pulps

Author:
Jan-Erik Raitanen; Anna Sundberg; Jonas Konn; Annika Smeds; Stefan Willför
Source:
Holzforschung 2016 v.70 no.8 pp. 747-754
ISSN:
1437-434X
Subject:
analytical methods; bleaching; crosslinking; emulsions; epoxides; fatty acids; freeze drying; glycols; kraft pulp; models; oxidation; peracetic acid; pulping; sterols
Abstract:
... Pulp mills constantly look for opportunities to increase their production capacity without major investments, as well as to save in overall bleaching costs. Peracetic acid (PAA) is used in post bleaching of kraft pulps to increase pulp brightness, to prevent brightness reversion in pulp storage, and to prohibit problems caused by extractives. However, the rates and significance of reactions betwee ...
DOI:
10.1515/hf-2015-0217

40. Separation of heavy metals from water by functionalized glycidyl methacrylate poly (high internal phase emulsions)

Author:
Sebastjan Huš; Mitja Kolar; Peter Krajnc
Source:
Journal of chromatography 2016 v.1437 pp. 168-175
ISSN:
0021-9673
Subject:
cadmium; chromatography; emulsions; epoxides; heavy metals; ions; lead; models; polymerization; polymers; silver; sorption; thiols; water pollution
Abstract:
... Removal of silver, lead and cadmium ions from both model solutions and real contaminated water was achieved, in a flow through manner, by using highly porous functionalized poly(glycidyl methacrylate) materials, prepared by the polymerisation of high internal phase emulsions (polyHIPE), with significant sorption differences between metals allowing for selective removal. PolyHIPEs, initially prepar ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chroma.2016.02.012

41. Toughening improvement to a soybean meal-based bioadhesive using an interpenetrating acrylic emulsion network

Author:
Jianlin Luo; Jing Luo; Xiaona Li; Kun Li; Qiang Gao; Jianzhang Li
Source:
Journal of materials science 2016 v.51 no.20 pp. 9330-9341
ISSN:
0022-2461
Subject:
adhesives; crosslinking; crystal structure; emulsions; epoxides; plywood; shear strength; soybeans; thermal stability
Abstract:
... The goal of this investigation was to improve the water resistance of soybean meal-based (SM) bioadhesive and enhance the mechanical properties of the bonded plywood by combining triglycidylamine (TGA) cross-linking with an acrylic emulsion interpenetrating network (IPN). The solid content, functional groups, crystallinity, mass loss after hydrolyzing, fracture surface micrographs, and thermal sta ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10853-016-0180-5

42. Multifunctional hollow superhydrophobic SiO2 microspheres with robust and self-cleaning and separation of oil/water emulsions properties

Author:
Fei Guo; Qiuying Wen; Yubing Peng; Zhiguang Guo
Source:
Journal of colloid and interface science 2017 v.494 pp. 54-63
ISSN:
0021-9797
Subject:
abrasives; coatings; durability; emulsions; epoxides; hydrophobicity; industrial applications; microparticles; oils; pH; powders; silica; ultraviolet radiation
Abstract:
... Superhydrophobic materials have drawn great attention due to its’ remarkable non-wetting properties and applications in many fields. In this paper, we synthesize a hollow superhydrophobic SiO2 powder by typical template method and self-assembly functionalization. Robustness of many superhydrophobic surfaces has become the development bottleneck for industrial applications. Aiming at this problem, ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcis.2017.01.070

43. Preparation and Performance of Silica/Epoxy Group-Functionalized Biobased Elastomer Nanocomposite

Author:
He Qiao; Wenji Xu; Mingyuan Chao; Jun Liu; Weiwei Lei; Xinxin Zhou; Runguo Wang; Liqun Zhang
Source:
Industrial & engineering chemistry process design and development 2017 v.56 no.4 pp. 881-889
ISSN:
1520-5045
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; chemical bonding; emulsions; epoxides; heat treatment; mechanical properties; mixing; moieties; nanocomposites; polymerization; process design; rolling; rubber; silane; silica; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... Epoxy group-functionalized biobased elastomer poly(dibutyl itaconate-ter-isoprene-ter-glycidyl methacrylate) (PDBIIG) was synthesized via redox emulsion polymerization using glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) as the epoxy group-included monomer. The silica/PDBIIG nanocomposite was prepared without adding silane coupling agents. The ring-opening reaction, which occurred between the hydroxyl groups on the ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.iecr.6b03517

44. Scale Effect on the Interface Reaction between PDMS-E Emulsion Droplets and Gelatin

Author:
Zhu Cong; Xu Jing; Hou Zhaosheng; Liu Suqing; Li Tianduo
Source:
Langmuir 2017 v.33 no.38 pp. 9926-9933
ISSN:
1520-5827
Subject:
Lewis bases; Raman spectroscopy; droplets; emulsions; epoxides; gelatin; glass; porosity; surfactants; zeta potential
Abstract:
... In this study, the scale effect on the interface reaction between PDMS-E emulsion droplets and gelatin was studied systematically. The monodisperse α-[3-(2,3-epoxy-propoxy)propyl]-ω-butyl-polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS-E) emulsion droplets on different scales were prepared using a Shirasu porous glass (SPG) membrane with a 0.5 μm pore size. The zeta potential results showed that the surface charge den ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b02532

45. A Robust Oil-in-Oil Emulsion for the Nonaqueous Encapsulation of Hydrophilic Payloads

Author:
Xiaocun Lu; Joshua S. Katz; Adam K. Schmitt; Jeffrey S. Moore
Source:
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2018 v.140 no.10 pp. 3619-3625
ISSN:
1520-5126
Subject:
aromatic amines; chlorides; coatings; composite materials; droplets; drying; emulsions; encapsulation; epoxides; guanidinium; hydrophilicity; micelles; organelles; polyamines; polymerization; polyols; shelf life; viscosity
Abstract:
... Compartmentalized structures widely exist in cellular systems (organelles) and perform essential functions in smart composite materials (microcapsules, vasculatures, and micelles) to provide localized functionality and enhance materials’ compatibility. An entirely water-free compartmentalization system is of significant value to the materials community as nonaqueous conditions are critical to pack ...
DOI:
10.1021/jacs.7b11847

46. Dark, Infrared Reflective, and Superhydrophobic Coatings by Waterborne Resins

Author:
Jing Zhang; Weiqiang Lin; Chenxi Zhu; Jian Lv; Weicheng Zhang; Jie Feng
Source:
Langmuir 2018 v.34 no.19 pp. 5600-5605
ISSN:
1520-5827
Subject:
air pollution; aluminum; coatings; color; drying; emulsions; energy; epoxides; fluorine; hydrophobicity; irradiation; nanoparticles; near-infrared spectroscopy; pigments; resins; silica; silicon; soot; surface roughness; surface temperature; wavelengths
Abstract:
... Recently, infrared reflective pigments possessing deep colors have attracted much attention. However, in polluted air, the coatings consisting of such pigments are easily contaminated which abates infrared reflectivity. In this work, black and infrared reflective pigments, fluorine silicon sol and a small number of SiO₂ nanoparticles were introduced into waterborne epoxy resin emulsion and then co ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b00929

47. Design of a Molecular Architecture via a Green Route for an Improved Silica Reinforced Nanocomposite using Bioresources

Author:
Pranabesh Sahu; Preetom Sarkar; Anil K. Bhowmick
Source:
ACS sustainable chemistry & engineering 2018 v.6 no.5 pp. 6599-6611
ISSN:
2168-0485
Subject:
automobiles; chemical structure; composite polymers; emulsions; epoxides; glass transition temperature; industry; mechanical properties; molecular weight; nanocomposites; petroleum; polymerization; silica; terpenoids; tires
Abstract:
... Synthesis of sustainable polymers from terpenes via a facile and green approach has evolved as a high-impact research field. In this work, we have designed a new molecular architecture and synthesized a highly reactive epoxy group-functionalized biobased elastomer, poly(myrcene-co-glycidyl methacrylate), by an environmentally friendly emulsion polymerization technique with the ultimate aim to have ...
DOI:
10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b00383

48. Direct microencapsulation of pure polyamine by integrating microfluidic emulsion and interfacial polymerization for practical self-healing materials

Author:
He Zhang; Xin Zhang; Chenlu Bao; Xin Li; Dawei Sun; Fei Duan; Klaus Friedrich; Jinglei Yang
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2018 v.6 no.47 pp. 24092-24099
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
ambient temperature; emulsions; epoxides; microencapsulation; polyamines; polymerization; solubility; solvents; toxicity
Abstract:
... Encapsulation of polyamines for the practical application of self-healing epoxy is promising yet challenging due to their high reactivity and good solubility in water and most organic solvents. Herein, we developed an innovative method to directly synthesize microcapsules containing pure polyamine by integrating microfluidic emulsion and interfacial polymerization. Using this integration to make f ...
DOI:
10.1039/c8ta08324j

49. Fabrication of SiO2 wrapped polystyrene microcapsules by Pickering polymerization for self-lubricating coatings

Author:
Haiyan Li; Shuang Li; Feibiao Li; Zhike Li; Huaiyuan Wang
Source:
Journal of colloid and interface science 2018 v.528 pp. 92-99
ISSN:
0021-9797
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; aluminum; coatings; dispersibility; emulsifiers; emulsions; encapsulation; epoxides; lubricants; nanoparticles; oils; polymerization; polystyrenes; scanning electron microscopes; silica; temperature; thermal stability; thermogravimetry
Abstract:
... The facile and efficient encapsulation of a lubricant oil in SiO₂ wrapped polystyrene microcapsules is accomplished using a Pickering polymerization technique. Triton X-100-IPTS fumed SiO₂ nanoparticles are used as emulsifiers for the formation of O/W Pickering emulsions and the stability factor of the Pickering emulsions was investigated. The as-obtained microcapsules are characterized by scannin ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcis.2018.05.081

50. Hierarchical porous metallized poly-melamine-formaldehyde (PMF) as a low-cost and high-efficiency catalyst for cyclic carbonate synthesis from CO₂ and epoxides

Author:
Jian Yin; Tianqi Zhang; Emily Schulman; Dongxia Liu; Jianqiang Meng
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry 2018 v.6 no.18 pp. 8441-8448
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
active sites; adsorption; batteries; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; carbonates; catalysts; catalytic activity; coal; cost effectiveness; emulsions; epoxides; greenhouse gas emissions; mass transfer; natural gas; petroleum; plastics; polymerization; propylene; raw materials; solvents; triazines
Abstract:
... The deployment of fossil resources such as petroleum, coal and natural gas to produce fuels and chemicals has resulted in excessive carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions and serious environmental issues. The implementation of CO₂ utilization as a raw material for synthesis of fuels and chemicals has potential to reduce CO₂ emissions and close the carbon cycle. Cyclic carbonates, materials used as buildin ...
DOI:
10.1039/c8ta00625c