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1. 24-Epibrassinolide Promotes Carbohydrates Accumulation in Crowns of Perennial Ryegrass during Cold Acclimation by Regulation of Gene Expression and Enzyme Activities which Results in Increased Frost Tolerance

Author:
Ewa Pociecha; Barbara Jurczyk; Michał Dziurka; Robert Paczyński; Jana Okleštková; Anna Janeczko
Source:
Procedia Environmental Sciences 2015 v.29 pp. 234-235
ISSN:
1878-0296
Subject:
Lolium perenne; acclimation; biosynthesis; brassinosteroids; cold; environmental factors; enzyme activity; frost resistance; gene expression; gene expression regulation; genes; global warming; leaves; photosynthesis; ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase; ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase activase; steroid hormones; sucrose synthase; sugars; Poland
Abstract:
... Due to climate changes and global warming the knowledge about the role of hormones promoting cold acclimation will become increasingly important. Brassinosteroids (BR) are plant steroid hormones which control photosynthesis, affect carbohydrate metabolism and protect against environmental factors (Janeczko et al., 2011).In order to demonstrate if BR are essential for the cold acclimation of perenn ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.proenv.2015.07.289

2. A Review of Environment Effects on Nitrate Accumulation in Leafy Vegetables Grown in Controlled Environments

Author:
Zhonghua Bian; Yu Wang; Xiaoyan Zhang; Tao Li; Steven Grundy; Qichang Yang; Ruifeng Cheng
Source:
Foods 2020 v.9 no.6 pp. -
ISSN:
2304-8158
Subject:
absorption; administrative management; carbon dioxide; environmental factors; environmental law; enzyme activity; fertilizers; food security; foods; genes; green leafy vegetables; human health; light; nitrate reduction; nitrates; nutrient solutions; nutritive value; research; temperature; vegetable growing
Abstract:
... Excessive accumulation of nitrates in vegetables is a common issue that poses a potential threat to human health. The absorption, translocation, and assimilation of nitrates in vegetables are tightly regulated by the interaction of internal cues (expression of related genes and enzyme activities) and external environmental factors. In addition to global food security, food nutritional quality is r ...
DOI:
10.3390/foods9060732

3. A blessing in disguise? Natural organic matter reduces the UV light-induced toxicity of nanoparticulate titanium dioxide

Author:
Simon Lüderwald; Vera Dackermann; Frank Seitz; Elena Adams; Alexander Feckler; Carsten Schilde; Ralf Schulz; Mirco Bundschuh
Source:
Science of the total environment 2019 v.663 pp. 518-526
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
Daphnia magna; acetylcholinesterase; acute toxicity; adverse effects; aquatic organisms; economic valuation; ecosystems; environmental factors; enzyme activity; free radicals; glutathione transferase; hydroxyl radicals; nanoparticles; neurotoxicity; organic matter; oxidative stress; plant extracts; risk; surface water; titanium dioxide; ultraviolet radiation
Abstract:
... Besides their economic value, engineered inorganic nanoparticles (EINPs) may pose a risk for the integrity of ecosystems. Among EINPs, titanium dioxide (nTiO2) is frequently used and released into surface waters in the μg range. There, nTiO2 interacts with environmental factors, influencing its potential to cause adverse effects on aquatic life. Although factors like ultra violet (UV) light and na ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.282

4. A comparative experimental approach to ecotoxicology in shallow-water and deep-sea holothurians suggests similar behavioural responses

Author:
Alastair Brown; Roseanna Wright; Lisa Mevenkamp; Chris Hauton
Source:
Aquatic toxicology 2017 v.191 pp. 10-16
ISSN:
0166-445X
Subject:
Holothuria forskali; analytical methods; antioxidant activity; antioxidants; avoidance behavior; copper; ecotoxicology; environmental factors; enzyme activity; fauna; fecundity; mineral resources; mining; progeny; reproductive performance; sediments; temperature; toxicity; uncertainty
Abstract:
... Exploration of deep-sea mineral resources is burgeoning, raising concerns regarding ecotoxicological impacts on deep-sea fauna. Assessing toxicity in deep-sea species is technologically challenging, which promotes interest in establishing shallow-water ecotoxicological proxy species. However, the effects of temperature and hydrostatic pressure on toxicity, and how adaptation to deep-sea environmen ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.06.028

5. A hypothesis on physiological alterations during plant ontogenesis governing susceptibility of winter barley to ramularia leaf spot

Author:
Schützendübel, A.; Stadler, M.; Wallner, D.; von Tiedemann, A.
Source:
Plant pathology 2008 v.57 no.3 pp. 518-526
ISSN:
0032-0862
Subject:
Hordeum vulgare; Ramularia; antioxidants; conidia; developmental stages; environmental factors; enzyme activity; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; fungi; glutathione; glutathione dehydrogenase (ascorbate); glutathione-disulfide reductase; inoculum; leaf spot; leaves; lignification; meteorological data; monodehydroascorbate reductase (NADH); ontogeny; pathogenicity; peroxidases; phenolic compounds; ripening; winter barley
Abstract:
... The occurrence and epidemic spread of ramularia leaf spot (RLS) caused by Ramularia collo-cygni was studied with relation to the plant age-dependent alterations in the antioxidative defence systems in the leaves during mature stages of field-grown winter barley. The breakdown of enzymatic activities of dehydroascorbate reductase, monodehydroascorbate reductase and glutathione reductase in the two ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-3059.2007.01820.x

6. A member of the maize isopentenyl transferase gene family, Zea mays isopentenyl transferase 2 (ZmIPT2), encodes a cytokinin biosynthetic enzyme expressed during kernel development

Author:
Brugière, Norbert; Humbert, Sabrina; Rizzo, Nancy; Bohn, Jennifer; Habben, Jeffrey E.
Source:
Plant molecular biology 2008 v.67 no.3 pp. 215-229
ISSN:
0167-4412
Subject:
developmental stages; bioinformatics; adenosine monophosphate; genes; phenotype; gene expression; embryogenesis; seed set; crop production; Zea mays; plant growth; corn; adenosine triphosphate; enzyme activity; pollination; biosynthesis; plant hormones; nitrogen; adenosine diphosphate; apical dominance; environmental factors; endosperm; cytokinins; stomata; transferases; crops
Abstract:
... Cytokinins (CKs) are plant hormones that regulate a large number of processes associated with plant growth and development such as induction of stomata opening, delayed senescence, suppression of auxin-induced apical dominance, signaling of nitrogen availability, differentiation of plastids and control of sink strength. In maize, CKs are thought to play an important role in establishing seed size ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11103-008-9312-x

7. A meta‐analysis of tropical land‐use change effects on the soil microbiome: Emerging patterns and knowledge gaps

Author:
Emily Judith Díaz‐Vallejo; Megan Seeley; A. Peyton Smith; Erika Marín‐Spiotta
Source:
Biotropica 2021 v.53 no.3 pp. 738-752
ISSN:
0006-3606
Subject:
carbon; deforestation; environmental factors; enzyme activity; land use change; meta-analysis; microbial biomass; rain; soil; soil microorganisms
Abstract:
... Modifications to vegetation and soil due to changes in land use have the potential to alter the soil microbiome, with consequences for carbon and nutrient cycling. Despite the important function of soil microorganisms, little is known about their response to land‐use change, especially in tropical regions where current rates of land conversion are greatest. The aim of this meta‐analysis was to exa ...
DOI:
10.1111/btp.12931

8. A multiscale approach reveals regulatory players of water stress responses in seeds during germination

Author:
Marine Saux; Maharajah Ponnaiah; Nicolas Langlade; Catherine Zanchetta; Thierry Balliau; Hayat El‐Maarouf‐Bouteau; Christophe Bailly
Source:
Plant, cell and environment 2020 v.43 no.5 pp. 1300-1313
ISSN:
0140-7791
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; antioxidant enzymes; crops; drought tolerance; environmental factors; enzyme activity; females; heat shock proteins; hybrids; messenger RNA; metabolism; proteome; reactive oxygen species; seed germination; seeds; sowing date; stress response; stress tolerance; transcriptome; water stress
Abstract:
... Seed germination is regulated by environmental factors, particularly water availability. Water deficits at the time of sowing impair the establishment of crop plants. Transcriptome and proteome profiling was used to document the responses of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seeds to moderate water stress during germination in two hybrids that are nominally classed as drought sensitive and drought tol ...
DOI:
10.1111/pce.13731

9. A mutant deficient in S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase in Arabidopsis shows defects in root-hair development

Author:
Wu, Xianzhong; Li, Fengling; Kolenovsky, Allan; Caplan, Allan; Cui, Yuhai; Cutler, Adrian; Tsang, Edward W.T.
Source:
Botany 2009 v.87 no.6 pp. 571-584
ISSN:
1916-2804
Subject:
Arabidopsis thaliana; seed germination; plant growth; phenotype; complementary DNA; transfer DNA; biochemical pathways; environmental factors; root hairs; gene expression; mutants; nucleotide sequences; enzyme activity; ether hydrolases
DOI:
10.1139/B08-124

10. A small heat shock protein CaHsp25.9 positively regulates heat, salt, and drought stress tolerance in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

Author:
Xiao-Hui Feng; Huai-Xia Zhang; Muhammad Ali; Wen-Xian Gai; Guo-Xin Cheng; Qing-Hui Yu; Sheng-Bao Yang; Xi-Xuan Li; Zhen-Hui Gong
Source:
Plant physiology and biochemistry 2019 v.142 pp. 151-162
ISSN:
0981-9428
Subject:
Arabidopsis; Capsicum annuum; cell membranes; chlorophyll; crop yield; cytoplasm; drought tolerance; environmental factors; enzyme activity; genes; germination; heat; heat shock proteins; heat stress; heat tolerance; hydrogen peroxide; malondialdehyde; pepper; peroxidase; proline; salt stress; superoxide anion; superoxide dismutase; thermosensitivity; transcription (genetics); transgenic plants; water stress
Abstract:
... Extreme environmental conditions seriously affect crop growth and development, resulting in a decrease in crop yield and quality. However, small heat shock proteins (Hsp20s) play an important role in helping plants to avoid these negative impacts. In this study, we identified the expression pattern of the CaHsp25.9 gene in a thermo-tolerance pepper line R9 and thermo-sensitive line B6. The transcr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.07.001

11. A systems biology approach for the analysis of carbohydrate dynamics during acclimation to low temperature in Arabidopsis thaliana

Author:
Nägele, Thomas; Kandel, Benjamin A.; Frana, Sabine; Meißner, Meike; Heyer, Arnd G.
Source:
FEBS journal 2011 v.278 no.3 pp. 506-518
ISSN:
1742-464X
Subject:
Arabidopsis thaliana; acclimation; cold; cold tolerance; environmental factors; enzyme activity; freezing; hexoses; metabolic engineering; metabolites; photosynthesis; prediction; simulation models; starch; sucrose; temperature
Abstract:
... Low temperature is an important environmental factor affecting the performance and distribution of plants. During the so-called process of cold acclimation, many plants are able to develop low-temperature tolerance, associated with the reprogramming of a large part of their metabolism. In this study, we present a systems biology approach based on mathematical modelling to determine interactions be ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1742-4658.2010.07971.x

12. A year-round study on metabolic enzymes and body composition of the Arctic copepod Calanus glacialis: implications for the timing and intensity of diapause

Author:
Daniela Freese; Janne E. Søreide; Martin Graeve; Barbara Niehoff
Source:
Marine biology 2017 v.164 no.1 pp. 3
ISSN:
0025-3162
Subject:
Calanus; biochemical pathways; body composition; diapause; dormancy; ecosystems; environmental factors; enzyme activity; enzymes; lipid content; lipids; metabolism; molting; overwintering; protein content; proteins; spring; summer; surface water; winter; zooplankton; Arctic region
Abstract:
... Knowledge on the capability of zooplankton to adapt to the rapidly changing environmental conditions in the Arctic is crucial to predict future ecosystem processes. The key species on the Arctic shelf, the calanoid copepod Calanus glacialis, grows and accumulates lipid reserves in spring and summer in surface waters. The winter is spent in dormancy in deeper water layers with low metabolic activit ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00227-016-3036-2

13. Abundance, diversity and functional gene expression of denitrifier communities in adjacent riparian and agricultural zones

Author:
Dandie, Catherine E.; Wertz, Sophie; Leclair, Caissie L.; Goyer, Claudia; Burton, David L.; Patten, Cheryl L.; Zebarth, Bernie J.; Trevors, Jack T.
Source:
FEMS microbiology ecology 2011 v.77 no.1 pp. 69-82
ISSN:
0168-6496
Subject:
agricultural management; community structure; corn; denitrification; denitrifying microorganisms; ecosystems; emissions; environmental factors; enzyme activity; gene expression; nitrogen; nitrous oxide; nutrient content; riparian areas; soil pH; water content
Abstract:
... Lands under riparian and agricultural management differ in soil properties, water content, plant species and nutrient content and are therefore expected to influence denitrifier communities, denitrification and nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions. Denitrifier community abundance, denitrifier community structure, denitrification gene expression and activity were quantified on three dates in a maize field ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01084.x

14. Activities of Iron‐Containing Enzymes in Leaves of Two Tomato Genotypes Differing in Their Resistance to Fe Chlorosis

Author:
Dasgan, H. Yildiz; Ozturk, Levent; Abak, Kazim; Cakmak, Ismail
Source:
Journal of plant nutrition 2003 v.26 no.10-11 pp. 1997-2007
ISSN:
0190-4167
Subject:
Solanum lycopersicum var. lycopersicum; ascorbate peroxidase; catalase; chlorophyll; chlorosis; environmental factors; enzyme activity; genotype; glutathione-disulfide reductase; iron; leaf development; leaves; nutrient deficiencies; nutrient solutions; peroxidase; tomatoes
Abstract:
... Two tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., cvs. Pakmor and Target) genotypes differing in resistance to iron (Fe) deficiency were grown in nutrient solution under controlled environmental conditions over 50 days to study the relationships between severity of leaf chlorosis, total concentration of Fe, and activities of Fe‐containing enzymes in leaves. The activities of Fe‐containing enzymes ascorba ...
DOI:
10.1081/PLN-120024259

15. Activities of key enzymes involved in starch synthesis in grains of wheat under different irrigation patterns

Author:
Dai, Z.; Yin, Y.; Wang, Z.
Source:
Journal of agricultural science 2009 v.147 no.4 pp. 437-444
ISSN:
0021-8596
Subject:
Triticum aestivum; winter wheat; irrigation systems; starch; biochemical pathways; carbohydrate metabolism; sucrose-phosphate synthase; sucrose synthase; pentosyltransferases; genotype; environmental factors; enzyme activity; plant available water; cultivars; water stress; soil water content; filling period; dryland farming; photosynthates
Abstract:
... It is generally accepted that sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), sucrose synthase (SuSy), ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase), soluble starch synthase (SSS), granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS) and starch branching enzyme (SBE) play a key role in starch synthesis in wheat grains. Starch synthesis in wheat grains is influenced by genotype and environment. However, what is not known is the degree ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0021859609008612

16. Activity, stability and folding analysis of the chitinase from Entamoeba histolytica

Author:
Patricia L.A. Muñoz; Alexis Z. Minchaca; Rosa E. Mares; Marco A. Ramos
Source:
Parasitology international 2016 v.65 no.1 pp. 70-77
ISSN:
1383-5769
Subject:
Entamoeba histolytica; amebiasis; chitin; chitinase; developing countries; encystment; environmental factors; enzyme activity; excystation; humans; models; pH; parasites; public health; structure-activity relationships; temperature; therapeutics
Abstract:
... Human amebiasis, caused by the parasitic protozoan Entamoeba histolytica, remains as a significant public health issue in developing countries. The life cycle of the parasite compromises two main stages, trophozoite and cyst, linked by two major events: encystation and excystation. Interestingly, the cyst stage has a chitin wall that helps the parasite to withstand harsh environmental conditions. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.parint.2015.10.006

17. Adsorptive immobilization of agro-industrially produced crude laccase on various micro-biochars and degradation of diclofenac

Author:
Linson Lonappan; Yuxue Liu; Tarek Rouissi; Satinder Kaur Brar; Mausam Verma; Rao Y. Surampalli
Source:
Science of the total environment 2018 v.640-641 pp. 1251-1258
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
Pinus; adsorption; almond shells; binding capacity; biochar; catalytic activity; citric acid; desorption; diclofenac; environmental factors; enzyme activity; laccase; microparticles; models; pig manure; pollutants; shelf life; ultrafiltration; wood
Abstract:
... Although enzymes are gifted with unique and unprecedented catalytic activity and selectivity over a wide range of pollutants, still their stability related issues often hinder their application in real environmental conditions. In this study, agro-industrially produced crude laccase was concentrated using ultrafiltration. Crude laccase was immobilized on pine wood (BC-PW), pig manure (BC-PM) and a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.005

18. Age-dependent responses in cellular mechanisms and essential oil production in sweet Ferula assafoetida under prolonged drought stress

Author:
Shahla Mohammadi; Hassan Ebrahimzadeh; Vahid Niknam; Zahra Zahed
Source:
Journal of plant interactions 2019 v.14 no.1 pp. 324-333
ISSN:
1742-9153
Subject:
Ferula assa-foetida; antioxidant enzymes; camphene; catalase; developmental stages; environmental factors; enzyme activity; essential oils; hydrogen peroxide; protein content; sesquiterpenoids; sulfur; superoxide dismutase; thiourea; vegetative growth; water stress
Abstract:
... The effect of environmental conditions at different developmental ages on the vegetative growth phase was investigated in sweet Ferula assa-foetida in order to identify the defensive mechanisms and essential oil production. Younger plants had more potential for producing the essential oil. Sulfur and sesquiterpenoid compounds were detected as the main groups of components. Monoterpene production w ...
DOI:
10.1080/17429145.2019.1632946

19. Agroforestry and Biodiversity

Author:
Ranjith P. Udawatta; Lalith Rankoth; Shibu Jose
Source:
Sustainability 2019 v.11 no.10 pp. -
ISSN:
2071-1050
Subject:
agroforestry; bacteria; biodiversity; carbon; continuous cropping; cropland; environmental factors; environmental quality; enzyme activity; fauna; food security; forests; leaves; meta-analysis; microclimate; nutrient deficiencies; pastures; shrubs; soil; soil biota; soil nutrients; soil quality; sustainable agriculture; trees
Abstract:
... Declining biodiversity (BD) is aecting food security, agricultural sustainability,and environmental quality. Agroforestry (AF) is recognized as a possible partial solution forBD conservation and improvement. This manuscript uses published peer-reviewed manuscripts,reviews, meta-analysis, and federal and state agency documents to evaluate relationships betweenAF and BD and how AF can be used to con ...
DOI:
10.3390/su11102879

20. Alkaline phosphatase activity in the phosphorus-limited southern Chinese coastal waters

Author:
Wei Kang; Zhao-Hui Wang; Lei Liu; Xin Guo
Source:
Journal of environmental sciences (China) 2019 v.86 pp. 38-49
ISSN:
1001-0742
Subject:
alkaline phosphatase; biomass; coastal water; environmental factors; enzyme activity; freshwater; inorganic phosphorus; particulates; phytoplankton; principal component analysis; water temperature; China
Abstract:
... Three fractions of alkaline phosphatase activity (APA), including phytoplankton APA (phyto-APA), bacterial APA (bact-APA), and free-APA, were examined in the sea surface microlayer (SML) and the subsurface water (SSW) from Daya Bay, Guishan Island, and Guanghai Bay of southern China. Relationships between APA and environmental parameters were analyzed. The growth of phytoplankton was significantly ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jes.2019.04.026