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You searched for: Subject term feces Remove constraint Subject term: feces Subject term fermentation Remove constraint Subject term: fermentation Subject term bacteria Remove constraint Subject term: bacteria
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1. Plant residue and bacteria as bases for increased stool weight accompanying consumption of higher dietary fiber diets

Author:
Kurasawa, S.; Haack, V.S.; Marlett, J.A.
Source:
Journal of the American College of Nutrition 2000 v.19 no.4 pp. 426-433
ISSN:
0731-5724
Subject:
weight; foods; men; fermentation; nitrogen content; dietary fiber; amino sugars; feces composition; bacteria
Abstract:
... Objective: Stool diluting effects of relatively inert material, such as unfermentable dietary fiber, has been proposed as an effect of fiber beneficial to the colon. Stool dilution by increasing bacterial mass may be beneficial or deleterious, depending on bacterial metabolic products. The purpose of this study was to determine the basis for stool weight when two stepwise increases of fiber from a ...
DOI:
10.1080/07315724.2000.10718942
PubMed:
10963460

2. Effects of isomalto-oligosaccharides on bowel functions and indicators of nutritional status in constipated elderly men

Author:
Chen, H.L.; Lu, Y.H.; Lin, J.J.; Ko, L.Y.
Source:
Journal of the American College of Nutrition 2001 v.20 no.1 pp. 44-49
ISSN:
0731-5724
Subject:
nutrient intake; weight; elderly; fermentation; isomaltose; men; nutritional status; blood chemistry; constipation; short chain fatty acids; water content; digestive tract; pH; feces composition; bacteria
Abstract:
... Objectives: To evaluate effects of isomalto-oligosaccharides (IO) on the bowel function and nutritional status of elderly men. Methods: Seven older male subjects participated in this study that consisted of a 30-day control low fiber period followed by a 30-day 10-supplemented (10 g active components) experimental period. Bowel functions such as defecation, enema use and bloating were monitored da ...
DOI:
10.1080/07315724.2001.10719013
PubMed:
11294172

3. Metabolism of the soyabean isoflavone glycoside genistin in vitro by human gut bacteria and the effect of prebiotics

Author:
Steer, Toni E.; Johnson, Ian T.; Gee, Jennifer M.; Gibson, Glenn R.
Source:
British journal of nutrition 2003 v.90 no.3 pp. 635-642
ISSN:
0007-1145
Subject:
Bacteroides; Bifidobacterium; Clostridium; Lactobacillus; bacteria; culture media; digestive system; feces; fermentation; fructooligosaccharides; genistein; genistin; glucose; glycosides; high performance liquid chromatography; intestinal microorganisms; models; prebiotics; soybeans; volunteers; United Kingdom
Abstract:
... The isoflavone genistein is found predominantly in soyabeans and is thought to possess various potent biological properties, including anti-carcinogenic effects. Studies have shown that genistein is extensively degraded by the human gut microflora, presumably with a loss of its anti-carcinogenic action. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential of a prebiotic to divert bacteria ...
DOI:
10.1079/BJN2003949

4. Starch fermentation by faecal bacteria of infants, toddlers and adults: importance for energy salvage

Author:
Christian, M.T.; Edwards, C.A.; Preston, T.; Johnston, L.; Varley, R.; Weaver, L.T.
Source:
European journal of clinical nutrition 2003 v.57 no.11 pp. 1486-1491
ISSN:
0954-3007
Subject:
adults; bacteria; bottles; carbon dioxide; children; colon; corn starch; energy; feces; fermentation; headspace analysis; infants; lactic acid; methane; short chain fatty acids; slurries; starch; toddlers
Abstract:
... Objective: Little is known of the degree to which the colon salvages energy through starch fermentation in young children. Using a simulated colonic environment, we aimed to account for the fate of fermented raw and cooked starch in two groups of young children and in adults. Design: A slurry was prepared from faecal samples from six infants (7-10 months), six toddlers (16-21 months) and seven adu ...
DOI:
10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601715

5. Differences in microbial activity of digesta from three sections of the porcine large intestine according to in vitro fermentation of carbohydrate-rich substrates

Author:
Bauer, E.; Williams, B.A.; Bosch, M.W.; Voigt, C.; Mosenthin, R.; Verstegen, M.W.A.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2004 v.84 no.15 pp. 2097-2104
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
intestinal microorganisms; fermentation; volatile fatty acids; ammonia; wheat bran; gas production (biological); cecum; colon; potato starch; oats; feces; fructooligosaccharides; rectum; in vitro studies; bacteria; swine
Abstract:
... To determine whether faecal microorganisms can represent the entire large intestinal population, samples from caecum, mid-colon and rectum of three adult pigs were used for the in vitro fermentation of fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS), potato starch, wheat bran and oat hulls. The cumulative gas production technique measured fermentation kinetics and end-products such as total gas, NH3 and volatile fat ...
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.1845

6. Analysis of the Genome Sequence of Lactobacillus gasseri ATCC 33323 Reveals the Molecular Basis of an Autochthonous Intestinal Organism

Author:
Azcarate-Peril, M. Andrea; Altermann, Eric; Goh, Yong Jun; Tallon, Richard; Sanozky-Dawes, Rosemary B.; Pfeiler, Erika A.; O'Flaherty, Sarah; Buck, B. Logan; Dobson, Alleson; Duong, Tri; Miller, Michael J.; Barrangou, Rodolphe; Klaenhammer, Todd R.
Source:
Applied and environmental microbiology 2008 v.74 no.15 pp. 4610-4625
ISSN:
0099-2240
Subject:
epithelial cells; niches; restriction endonucleases; bacteriophages; neonates; sigma factors; Lactobacillus gasseri; adults; fermentation; gastrointestinal system; carbohydrates; feces; sequence analysis; humans; chromosomes; bile; adhesion; gene transfer; Siphoviridae; operon; indigenous species; bacteria
Abstract:
... This study presents the complete genome sequence of Lactobacillus gasseri ATCC 33323, a neotype strain of human origin and a native species found commonly in the gastrointestinal tracts of neonates and adults. The plasmid-free genome was 1,894,360 bp in size and predicted to encode 1,810 genes. The GC content was 35.3%, similar to the GC content of its closest relatives, L. johnsonii NCC 533 (34%) ...
DOI:
10.1128/AEM.00054-08
PubMed:
18539810
PubMed Central:
PMC2519322

7. Assessment of metabolic diversity within the intestinal microbiota from healthy humans using combined molecular and cultural approaches

Author:
Chassard, Christophe; Scott, Karen P.; Marquet, Perrine; Martin, Jennifer C.; Del'homme, Christophe; Dapoigny, Michel; Flint, Harry J.; Bernalier-Donadille, Annick
Source:
FEMS microbiology ecology 2008 v.66 no.3 pp. 496-504
ISSN:
0168-6496
Subject:
Archaea; bacteria; bacterial communities; biodiversity; digestive system; energy; feces; fermentation; humans; in situ hybridization; intestinal microorganisms; methanogens; nutrients; nutrition; volunteers
Abstract:
... The human gut harbours a wide range of bacterial communities that play key roles in supplying nutrients and energy to the host through anaerobic fermentation of dietary components and host secretions. This fermentative process involves different functional groups of microorganisms linked in a trophic chain. Although the diversity of the intestinal microbiota has been studied extensively using mole ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1574-6941.2008.00595.x
PubMed:
18811647

8. Isolation and identification of equol-producing bacterial strains from cultures of pig faeces

Author:
Yu, Zhuo-Teng; Yao, Wen; Zhu, Wei-Yun
Source:
FEMS microbiology letters 2008 v.282 no.1 pp. 73-80
ISSN:
0378-1097
Subject:
sequence analysis; fermentation; rumen; ribosomal RNA; humans; feces; intestines; nucleotide sequences; daidzein; animal performance; culture media; piglets; bacteria
Abstract:
... Transformation of daidzein to equol was compared during fermentation of three growth media inoculated with faeces from Erhualian piglets, but equol was produced from only one medium, M1. Two equol-producing strains (D1 and D2) were subsequently isolated using medium M1. Both strains were identified as Eubacterium sp., on the basis of morphological and physiological characteristics, and 16S rRNA ge ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1574-6968.2008.01108.x

9. Isolation of lactate-utilizing butyrate-producing bacteria from human feces and in vivo administration of Anaerostipes caccae strain L2 and galacto-oligosaccharides in a rat model

Author:
Sato, Tadashi; Matsumoto, Kazumasa; Okumura, Takekazu; Yokoi, Wakae; Naito, Eiichiro; Yoshida, Yasuto; Nomoto, Koji; Ito, Masahiko; Sawada, Haruji
Source:
FEMS microbiology ecology 2008 v.66 no.3 pp. 528-536
ISSN:
0168-6496
Subject:
acetates; animal models; bacteria; butyrates; feces; fermentation; galactooligosaccharides; genes; hindgut; humans; ingestion; propionic acid; random amplified polymorphic DNA technique; rats; ribosomal RNA; succinic acid
Abstract:
... Lactate-utilizing butyrate-producers were isolated from human feces and identified based on the sequences of 16S rRNA gene. Anaerostipes caccae strain L2, one of the seven human fecal isolates, was administered to rats with galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) as bifidogenic carbohydrates for stimulating lactate formation in the hindgut. Ingestion of GOS alone increased concentrations of cecal lactate a ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1574-6941.2008.00528.x
PubMed:
18554304

10. Anti-carcinogenic soyabean Bowman-Birk inhibitors survive faecal fermentation in their active form and do not affect the microbiota composition in vitro

Author:
Marín-Manzano, M. Carmen; Ruiz, Raquel; Jiménez, Elisabeth; Rubio, Luis A.; Clemente, Alfonso
Source:
British journal of nutrition 2009 v.101 no.7 pp. 967-971
ISSN:
0007-1145
Subject:
Bowman-Birk inhibitor; fermentation; intestinal microorganisms; human diseases; trypsin; gastrointestinal system; colorectal neoplasms; chymotrypsin; soybeans; enzyme inhibition; human nutrition; feces; microbial growth; in vitro studies; biotransformation; enzyme activity; bacteria; anticarcinogenic activity
Abstract:
... Bowman-Birk inhibitor (BBI) from soyabeans is a naturally occurring protease inhibitor with potential anti-inflammatory and chemopreventive properties within the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). In a previous paper, we reported that significant amounts of BBI-related proteins reach the terminal ileum functionally and biologically active. We have now investigated: (a) if soyabean BBI is biotransformed ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0007114508057590
PubMed:
19353764

11. Effect of Carbohydrate Composition in Barley and Oat Cultivars on Microbial Ecophysiology and Proliferation of Salmonella enterica in an In Vitro Model of the Porcine Gastrointestinal Tract

Author:
Pieper, Robert; Bindelle, Jérôme; Rossnagel, Brian; Van Kessel, Andrew; Leterme, Pascal
Source:
Applied and environmental microbiology 2009 v.75 no.22 pp. 7006-7016
ISSN:
0099-2240
Subject:
Clostridium; Ruminococcus; Salmonella enterica; acetates; amylopectin; amylose; bacteria; barley; butyrates; carbohydrate composition; cellulose; cluster analysis; community structure; crude protein; cultivars; ecophysiology; fatty acid composition; feces; fermentation; gas chromatography; gastrointestinal system; hulls; in vitro studies; microbial communities; models; oats; polymerase chain reaction; restriction fragment length polymorphism; swine
Abstract:
... The influence of the carbohydrate (CHO) composition of cereal cultivars on microbial ecophysiology was studied using an in vitro model of the porcine gastrointestinal tract. Ten hull-less barley cultivars, six barley cultivars with hulls, six oat cultivars, and six oat groats that differed in β-glucan, nonstarch polysaccharide (NSP), and starch contents and starch type were hydrolyzed enzymaticall ...
DOI:
10.1128/AEM.01343-09
PubMed:
19783749
PubMed Central:
PMC2786517

12. Influence of differing carbohydrate sources on l-tryptophan metabolism by porcine fecal microbiota studied in vitro

Author:
Li, Cai-Yan; Liu, Jian-Xin; Wang, Yi-Zhen; Wu, Yue-Ming; Wang, Jia-Kun; Zhou, Yi-Yi
Source:
Livestock science 2009 v.120 no.1-2 pp. 43-50
ISSN:
1871-1413
Subject:
carbohydrate intake; fermentation; intestinal microorganisms; swine feeding; large intestine; dietary energy sources; tryptophan; feces; sugar beet pulp; Microbiota (Cupressaceae); fructooligosaccharides; pH; in vitro studies; skatole; bacteria; swine
Abstract:
... Four types of carbohydrate sources, sugar beet pulp (SBP), rye grass hay (RYE), alfalfa hay (ALF) and fructooligosaccharides (FOS) were used to investigate their effects on the metabolism of l-tryptophan to skatole and indole by a mixed bacterial population from the large intestines of pigs. Microbial suspensions were anaerobically incubated at 38 °C, and indole compounds, pH value and volatile fa ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.livsci.2008.04.014

13. Influence of source and concentrations of dietary fiber on in vivo nitrogen excretion pathways in pigs as reflected by in vitro fermentation and nitrogen incorporation by fecal bacteria [Erratum: 2009 Mar., v. 87, no. 3, p. 1199-1200.]

Author:
Bindelle, J.; Buldgen, A.; Delacollette, M.; Wavreille, J.; Agneessens, R.; Destain, J.P.; Leterme, P.
Source:
Journal of animal science 2009 v.87 no.2 pp. 583-593
ISSN:
0021-8812
Subject:
swine; nitrogen; excretion; dietary fiber; feed rations; feces; intestinal microorganisms; bacteria; in vitro digestion; fermentation; ammonia; gas emissions; urine; in vitro studies; sugar beet pulp; regression analysis; equations; resistant starch
Abstract:
... The inclusion of dietary fiber (DF) in diets has been suggested as a way to reduce NH₃ emission in pig barns because it contributes to a shift in N excretion from urine to feces owing to enhanced bacterial growth in the intestines. This study compared an in vitro method to measure bacterial protein synthesis during fermentation with an in vivo N excretion shift induced by diets differing in DF con ...
DOI:
10.2527/jas.2007-0717

14. No easy solution for the fractionation of faecal nitrogen in captive wild herbivores: results of a pilot study

Author:
Schwarm, A.; Schweigert, M.; Ortmann, S.; Hummel, J.; Janssens, G.P.J.; Streich, W.J.; Clauss, M.
Source:
Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition 2009 v.93 no.5 pp. 596-605
ISSN:
0931-2439
Subject:
Ailurus fulgens; bacteria; bromine; carnivores; detergents; diet; digestion; feces; fermentation; fermenters; food quality; foregut; fractionation; gastrointestinal system; habitats; herbivores; hindgut; mammals; nitrogen; nitrogen content; zoos
Abstract:
... Faecal nitrogen (FN) concentration is used as a marker for habitat quality and digestive efficiency in free-ranging herbivores. In herbivores, FN can be separated into undigested plant N (analysed as the N concentration of the neutral detergent residue) and metabolic faecal N (MFN). It has been suggested that by differential analysis of the faecal fibre-bound N, the MFN fraction can be further spl ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1439-0396.2008.00842.x
PubMed:
19178609

15. Starch-entrapped microspheres show a beneficial fermentation profile and decrease in potentially harmful bacteria during in vitro fermentation in faecal microbiota obtained from patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Author:
Rose, Devin J.; Venema, Koen; Keshavarzian, Ali; Hamaker, Bruce R.
Source:
British journal of nutrition 2010 v.103 no.10 pp. 1514-1524
ISSN:
0007-1145
Subject:
starch; fermentation; protective effect; bacteria; feces; patients; in vitro studies; intestinal microorganisms; inflammatory bowel disease; short chain fatty acids
Abstract:
... The purpose of this research was to test the hypothesis that starch-entrapped microspheres would produce favourable fermentation profiles and microbial shifts during in vitro fermentation with the faecal microbiota from patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In vitro fermentation was carried out using a validated, dynamic, computer-controlled model of the human colon (Toegepast Natuurwete ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0007114509993515
PubMed:
20021704

16. The cellulose-degrading microbial community of the human gut varies according to the presence or absence of methanogens

Author:
Chassard, Christophe; Delmas, Eve; Robert, Céline; Bernalier-Donadille, Annick
Source:
FEMS microbiology ecology 2010 v.74 no.1 pp. 205-213
ISSN:
0168-6496
Subject:
Firmicutes; bacteria; cell walls; cellulolytic microorganisms; cellulose; digestive system; feces; fermentation; functional diversity; human communities; humans; hydrogen; methane; methanogens; microbial communities; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; species diversity; spinach
Abstract:
... Cellulose-degrading microorganisms involved in the breakdown of plant cell wall material in the human gut remain rather unexplored despite their role in intestinal fermentation. Microcrystalline cellulose-degrading bacteria were previously identified in faeces of methane-excreting individuals, whereas these microorganisms were undetectable in faecal samples from non-methane excretors. This suggest ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1574-6941.2010.00941.x
PubMed:
20662929

17. Dietary resistant and butyrylated starches have different effects on the faecal bacterial flora of azoxymethane-treated rats

Author:
Abell, Guy C.J.; Christophersen, Claus T.; McOrist, Alexandra L.; Clarke, Julie M.
Source:
British journal of nutrition 2011 v.105 no.10 pp. 1480-1485
ISSN:
0007-1145
Subject:
Lactobacillus gasseri; Ruminococcus; azoxymethane; bacteria; colorectal neoplasms; corn starch; denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis; dietary fiber; digesta; epidemiological studies; feces; fermentation; genes; multivariate analysis; propionic acid; rats; resistant starch; ribosomal RNA; risk; tributyrin
Abstract:
... Epidemiological studies have suggested that dietary fibre lowers the risk of colorectal cancer, which may be due to increased butyrate production from colonic fermentation of a type of fibre, resistant starch (RS). The present study investigated the effects of dietary RS and butyrylated RS on the faecal microbiota of rats treated with azoxymethane. A total of four groups of nine rats were fed diet ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0007114510005349
PubMed:
21255474

18. Diversity of methanogenic archaea in a biogas reactor fed with swine feces as the mono-substrate by mcrA analysis

Author:
Chenguang Zhu; Junya Zhang; Yuanping Tang; Xu Zhengkai; Rentao Song
Source:
Microbiological research 2011 v.166 no.1 pp. 27-35
ISSN:
0944-5013
Subject:
Methanobacteriales; Methanomicrobiales; Methanosarcinales; bacteria; biogas; biomass; clones; community structure; feces; fermentation; genes; methane production; methanogens; microbial communities; statistical analysis; swine
Abstract:
... Methanogenesis from the biomass in the anoxic biogas reactors is catalyzed by syntrophic cooperation between anaerobic bacteria, syntrophic acetogenic bacteria and methanogenic archaea. Understanding of microbial community composition within the biogas reactors may improve the methane production from biomass fermentation. In this study, methanogenic archaea diverity of a biogas reactor supplied wi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.micres.2010.01.004

19. Effect of liquid whey feeding on fecal microbiota of mature and growing pigs

Author:
Kobayashi, Yasuo; Itoh, Aya; Miyawaki, Kanae; Koike, Satoshi; Iwabuchi, Osamu; Iimura, Yuji; Kobashi, Yuri; Kawashima, Tomoyuki; Wakamatsu, Junichi; Hattori, Akihito; Murakami, Hiroshi; Morimatsu, Fumiki; Nakaebisu, Takashi; Hishinuma, Takeshi
Source:
Animal science journal = 2011 v.82 no.4 pp. 607-615
ISSN:
1344-3941
Subject:
Clostridium disporicum; DNA libraries; Lactobacillus reuteri; Megasphaera; Mitsuokella; ammonia; animal health; bacteria; diet; feces; fermentation; metabolites; pH; population size; sows; whey
Abstract:
... The effect of liquid whey feeding on fecal bacteria and their metabolites was assessed in five pregnant sows and 66 growing pigs. Sows were fed a control diet for 4 weeks (control period) followed by the same diet but with whey feeding (5 L/day/pig) for 4 weeks (whey period). One group of growing pigs was given 267 L of whey per pig (whey group), while the other group was not (control group). In b ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1740-0929.2011.00876.x
PubMed:
21794022

20. Fermentation of feruloyl and non-feruloyl xylooligosaccharides by mixed fecal cultures of human and cow: a comparative study in vitro

Author:
Muralikrishna, Gudipati; Schwarz, Sandra; Dobleit, Gabriele; Fuhrmann, Herbert; Krueger, Monika
Source:
European food research & technology 2011 v.232 no.4 pp. 601-611
ISSN:
1438-2377
Subject:
Bifidobacterium; Clostridium; Jerusalem artichokes; Lactobacillus; arabinose; bacteria; cows; culture filtrates; enzyme activity; feces; fermentation; fluorescence in situ hybridization; food research; galactose; glucose; humans; in vitro studies; lactulose; prebiotics; short chain fatty acids; xylooligosaccharides; xylose
Abstract:
... For the first time, a comparative study was undertaken with respect to the fermentation of (a) monosaccharides (glucose, galactose, arabinose, and xylose); (b) disaccharide (lactulose); (c) Jerusalem artichoke; (d) xylooligosaccharides (XO); and (e) feruloyl xylooligosaccharides (FXO) by mixed fecal cultures of human and cow. Among monosaccharides, arabinose and xylose exhibited prebiotic properti ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00217-010-1422-4

21. In Vitro Fermentation by Human Gut Bacteria of Proteolytically Digested Caseinomacropeptide Nonenzymatically Glycosylated with Prebiotic Carbohydrates

Author:
Hernandez-Hernandez, Oswaldo; Sanz, M. Luz; Kolida, Sofia; Rastall, Robert A.; Moreno, F. Javier
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2011 v.59 no.22 pp. 11949-11955
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
Atopobium; Bacteroides; Clostridium histolyticum; Maillard reaction; anaerobic conditions; bacteria; digestive system; feces; fermentation; functional properties; galactooligosaccharides; human health; humans; lactic acid; lactose; prebiotics; short chain fatty acids
Abstract:
... The in vitro fermentation selectivity of hydrolyzed caseinomacropeptide (CMP) glycosylated, via Maillard reaction (MR), with lactulose, galacto-oligosaccharides from lactose (GOSLa), and galacto-oligosaccharides from lactulose (GOSLu) was evaluated, using pH-controlled small-scale batch cultures at 37 °C under anaerobic conditions with human feces. After 10 and 24 h of fermentation, neoglyconjugat ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf203576g
PubMed:
22004447

22. In vitro fibre fermentation of feed ingredients with varying fermentable carbohydrate and protein levels and protein synthesis by colonic bacteria isolated from pigs

Author:
R. Jha; J. Bindelle; A. Van Kessel; P. Leterme
Source:
Animal feed science and technology 2011 v.165 no.3-4 pp. 191-200
ISSN:
0377-8401
Subject:
bacteria; bacterial proteins; cellulose; corn; distillers grains; excretion; feces; fermentation; in vitro studies; ingredients; linseed; nitrogen; peas; pepsin; protein composition; protein synthesis; short chain fatty acids; sugar beet pulp; swine; wheat bran; wood
Abstract:
... An in vitro experiment was carried out using the gas technique to study the fermentation characteristics of different feed ingredients differing in their fermentable carbohydrate and protein composition by colonic bacteria isolated from pigs. The effect on in vitro bacterial protein synthesis was also evaluated. The ingredients used were wheat bran (WB), wood cellulose (Solka-floc®, SF), peas, pea ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2010.10.002

23. Mixed culture fermentation from lignocellulosic materials using thermophilic lignocellulose-degrading anaerobes

Author:
Chi-Wen Lin; Chih-Hung Wu; Dang-Thuan Tran; Ming-Che Shih; Wen-Hsiung Li; Chiu-Fen Wu
Source:
Process biochemistry 2011 v.46 no.2 pp. 489-493
ISSN:
1359-5113
Subject:
Bacillus (bacteria); Brevibacillus; Clostridium; Klebsiella oxytoca; Klebsiella pneumoniae; acetic acid; anaerobes; bacteria; butanol; cellulose; composts; ethanol; feces; fermentation; lignocellulose; mixed culture; sheep; yields
Abstract:
... A mixed culture was constructed from compost of Napiergrass and sheep dung under anaerobic thermophilic conditions (60°C). The native microflora was cultivated for numerous generations to obtain a stable mixed culture that can degrade lignocelluloses. The fifth generation of the mixed culture consisting of five main bacteria (Clostridium strain TCW1, Bacillus sp. THLA0409, Klebsiella pneumoniae TH ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.procbio.2010.09.024

24. The bacterial microbiota in the ceca of Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus) differs between wild and captive birds

Author:
Tobias Wienemann; Dirk Schmitt-Wagner; Katja Meuser; Gernot Segelbacher; Bernhard Schink; Andreas Brune; Peter Berthold
Source:
Systematic and applied microbiology 2011 v.34 no.7 pp. 542-551
ISSN:
0723-2020
Subject:
Actinobacteria; Anaerobiospirillum; Clostridiales; Megasphaera; Synergistes; Tetrao urogallus; bacteria; bacterial colonization; bacterial communities; captive animals; cecum; diet; energy; feces; fermentation; forage; genes; mortality; ribosomal RNA; summer; wild birds; winter
Abstract:
... The diet of wild capercaillie differs strongly between seasons. Particularly during winter, when energy demands are high and the birds forage solely on coniferous needles, microbial fermentations in the ceca are considered to contribute significantly to the energy requirement and to the detoxification of the resinous diet. Here, we present the first cultivation-independent analysis of the bacteria ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.syapm.2011.06.003

25. A randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled cross-over study to determine the gastrointestinal effects of consumption of arabinoxylan-oligosaccharides enriched bread in healthy volunteers

Author:
Gemma E Walton; Congyi Lu; Isabel Trogh; Filip Arnaut; Glenn R Gibson
Source:
Nutrition journal 2012 v.11 no.1 pp. 517
ISSN:
1475-2891
Subject:
Lactobacillus; adverse effects; bacteria; bread dough; breads; butyrates; fatty acid composition; feces; fermentation; fluorescence in situ hybridization; grains; humans; immunoglobulin A; industry; ingredients; oligosaccharides; placebos; poultry; prebiotics; saliva; volatile fatty acids; volunteers
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Prebiotics are food ingredients, usually non-digestible oligosaccharides, that are selectively fermented by populations of beneficial gut bacteria. Endoxylanases, altering the naturally present cereal arabinoxylans, are commonly used in the bread industry to improve dough and bread characteristics. Recently, an in situ method has been developed to produce arabinoxylan-oligosaccharides ...
DOI:
10.1186/1475-2891-11-36
PubMed:
22657950
PubMed Central:
PMC3487838

26. Characterizing Kiwifruit Carbohydrate Utilization in vitro and its Consequences for Human Faecal Microbiota

Author:
Rosendale Douglas I.; Blatchford Paul A.; Sims Ian M.; Parkar Shanthi G.; Carnachan Susan M.; Hedderley Duncan; Ansell Juliet
Source:
Journal of Proteome Research 2012 v.11 no.12 pp. 5863-5875
ISSN:
1535-3907
Subject:
bacteria; byproducts; carbohydrates; case studies; coevolution; diet; digestive system; enzymes; feces; fermentation; humans; intestinal microorganisms; kiwifruit; metagenomics; microbial ecology; phenotype; proteome
Abstract:
... It is well accepted that our gut bacteria have coevolved with us in relation to our genetics, diet and lifestyle and are integrated metabolically with us to affect our gut health adversely or beneficially. “Who is there” may vary quite widely between individuals, as might “how they do it”, but “what they make” may be less variable. Many different individual species of bacteria can perform the same ...
DOI:
10.1021/pr300646m

27. Effect of collection time on the fermentative activity of microbes in equine faeces

Author:
G. Desrousseaux; A.S. Santos; W.F. Pellikaan; A.F.B. Van der Poel; J.W. Cone; C.M.V. Guedes; L.M.M. Ferreira; M.A.M. Rodrigues
Source:
Animal feed science and technology 2012 v.178 no.3-4 pp. 183-189
ISSN:
0377-8401
Subject:
alfalfa; bacteria; barley; feces; feeds; fermentation; hay; horses; meadows; oats; pH; volatile fatty acids; wheat straw
Abstract:
... The present study intended to evaluate the influence of the collection time of faeces on in vitro fermentation determined with the gas production technique and on the bacteriological counts of the fresh faeces, utilized as inoculum source. Three adult horses, fed hay and concentrates 3 times a day, were used as faeces donors. Fermentation of 5 feedstuffs (barley, oats, alfalfa, meadow hay, and whe ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2012.09.016

28. Effects of feeding fiber-fermenting bacteria to pigs on nutrient digestion, fecal output, and plasma energy metabolites

Author:
C. J. Ziemer; B. J. Kerr; T. E. Weber; S. Arcidiacono; M. Morrison; A. Ragauskas
Source:
Journal of animal science 2012 v.90 no. pp. 4020-4027
ISSN:
1525-3163
Subject:
Bacteroides; acid detergent fiber; bacteria; blood; blood glucose; blood lipids; cell walls; cholesterol; corn; crude protein; defecation; digestibility; digestible protein; digestion; distillers grains; energy; energy density; enrichment culture; feces; feeder pigs; fermentation; growth performance; high fiber diet; intestinal microorganisms; metabolites; neutral detergent fiber; short chain fatty acids; soybean hulls; starch; swine feeding; triacylglycerols
Abstract:
... Inclusion of feedstuffs with higher plant cell wall (fiber) content in swine diets has increased in recent years due to greater availability and lower cost, especially coproduct feeds, such as corn distillers dried grains with soluble (DDGS). Limitations of feeding higher fiber diets include increased fecal output, which can exceed manure storage volumes, and decreased energy density, which can de ...
Handle:
10113/57776
DOI:
10.2527/jas2012-5193

29. Expression and characterization of an endo-1,4-β-galactanase from Emericella nidulans in Pichia pastoris for enzymatic design of potentially prebiotic oligosaccharides from potato galactans

Author:
Malwina Michalak; Lise V. Thomassen; Henna Roytio; Arthur C. Ouwehand; Anne S. Meyer; Jørn D. Mikkelsen
Source:
Enzyme and microbial technology 2012 v.50 no.2 pp. 121-129
ISSN:
0141-0229
Subject:
Aspergillus nidulans; Aspergillus niger; Komagataella pastoris; potatoes; filtration; prebiotics; Clostridium perfringens; digestive system; Lactobacillus acidophilus; Bifidobacterium longum; solubilization; fermentation; potato starch; feces; potato pulp; molecular weight; pathogens; galactans; humans; copper; enzyme activity; experimental design; manufacturing; fructooligosaccharides; probiotics; pH; affinity chromatography; Emericella; bacteria
Abstract:
... Potato pulp is a high-volume side-stream from industrial potato starch manufacturing. Enzymatically solubilized β-1,4-galactan-rich potato pulp polysaccharides of molecular weights >100kDa (SPPP) are highly bifidogenic in human fecal sample fermentations in vitro. The objective of the present study was to use potato β-1,4-galactan and the SPPP as substrates for enzymatic production of potentially ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.enzmictec.2011.11.001

30. Faecal fermentation of partially hydrolyzed guar gum

Author:
Yuji Ohashi; Keisuke Harada; Makoto Tokunaga; Noriyuki Ishihara; Tsutomu Okubo; Yutaka Ogasawara; Lekh Raj Juneja; Tomohiko Fujisawa
Source:
Journal of functional foods 2012 v.4 no.1 pp. 398-402
ISSN:
1756-4646
Subject:
Eubacterium rectale; Roseburia; bacteria; butyric acid; feces; fermentation; gene dosage; guar gum; humans; inulin; large intestine; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; ribosomal RNA
Abstract:
... Partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) remains undigested in the upper gastrointestinal tract, but is fermented by bacteria in the large intestine to stimulate short-chain fatty acids, particularly butyric acid. In this study, the bacterial composition in the in vitro faecal fermentation of PHGG was analyzed by real-time PCR to identify the bacteria contributing to the stimulation of butyric acid pr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jff.2011.09.007

31. Metagenomic analysis of virulence-associated and antibiotic resistance genes of microbes in rumen of Indian buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)

Author:
K.M. Singh; S.J. Jakhesara; P.G. Koringa; D.N. Rank; C.G. Joshi
Source:
Gene 2012 v.507 no.2 pp. 146-151
ISSN:
0378-1119
Subject:
agricultural soils; antibiotic resistance; antibiotics; bacteria; buffaloes; cecum; chickens; community structure; cows; feces; fermentation; genes; habitats; humans; lakes; metagenomics; microbial communities; milk; rumen; rumen microorganisms; toxicity; virulence; Antarctic region; Sargasso Sea
Abstract:
... A major research goal in rumen microbial ecology is to understand the relationship between community composition and its function, particularly involved in fermentation process is of a potential interest. The buffalo rumen microbiota impacts human food safety as well as animal health. Although the bacteria of bovine rumen have been well characterized, techniques have been lacking to correlate tota ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.gene.2012.07.037
PubMed:
22850272

32. Stability and Inhibitory Activity of Pediocin PA-1 Against Listeria sp. in Simulated Physiological Conditions of the Human Terminal Ileum

Author:
Gwenaëlle Le Blay; Riadh Hammami; Christophe Lacroix; Ismaïl Fliss
Source:
Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins 2012 v.4 no.4 pp. 250-258
ISSN:
1867-1306
Subject:
Listeria ivanovii; Listeria monocytogenes; Pediococcus acidilactici; antibiotic resistance; bacteria; bacteriocins; dose response; elderly; feces; fermentation; fluorescence in situ hybridization; foodborne illness; humans; ileum; infants; infectious diseases; minimum inhibitory concentration; models; pH; pathogens; selective media
Abstract:
... Listeria monocytogenes is responsible for severe foodborne infections, which can be life-threatening especially for infants and elderly populations. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens has stimulated the search for new strategies, such as the use of bacteriocins, to prevent or cure foodborne infectious diseases in the intestine. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of the bacterioc ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12602-012-9111-1

33. The tartaric acid-modified enzyme-resistant dextrin from potato starch as potential prebiotic

Author:
Renata Barczynska; Katarzyna Slizewska; Kamila Jochym; Janusz Kapusniak; Zdzislawa Libudzisz
Source:
Journal of functional foods 2012 v.4 no.4 pp. 954-962
ISSN:
1756-4646
Subject:
Bifidobacterium; Lactobacillus; bacteria; carbon; coculture; dextrins; feces; fermentation; heat; high performance liquid chromatography; intestinal microorganisms; men; microbial growth; potato starch; prebiotics; probiotics; tartaric acid; volunteers
Abstract:
... Enzyme-resistant dextrin, obtained as a result of heating potato starch with tartaric acid, was tested as the carbon source for selected strains of probiotic bacteria and also bacteria isolated from feces of healthy 30-year old men volunteers. The dynamics of growth of bacterial monocultures in broth containing tartaric acid (TA)-modified dextrin was estimated. It was also investigated whether pro ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jff.2012.07.003

34. Blautia faecis sp. nov., isolated from human faeces

Author:
Seong-Kyu Park; Min-Soo Kim; Jin-Woo Bae
Source:
International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology 2013 v.63 no.Pt 2 pp. 599-603
ISSN:
1466-5034
Subject:
DNA; Ruminococcus obeum; acetates; bacteria; catalase; fatty acids; feces; fermentation; genes; glucose; humans; nucleotide sequences; phylogeny; ribosomal RNA; sequence homology
Abstract:
... A strictly anoxic, Gram-stain-positive, non-motile Blautia-like bacterium, designated strain M25T, was isolated from a human faecal sample. Strain M25T was negative for both catalase and oxidase activity, utilized carbohydrates as fermentable substrates, produced lactate and acetate as the major end products of glucose fermentation in PYG medium, and had a DNA G+C content of 41.6 mol%. Comparative ...
DOI:
10.1099/ijs.0.036541-0

35. Broad diversity and newly cultured bacterial isolates from enrichment of pig feces on complex polysaccharides

Author:
Cherie J. Ziemer
Source:
Microbial ecology 2013 v.66 pp. 448-461
ISSN:
0095-3628
Subject:
Actinobacteria; Bacteroides ovatus; Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron; Clostridiaceae; Enterococcaceae; Fusobacteria; Proteobacteria; Staphylococcaceae; bacteria; cell wall components; cells; cellulose; enrichment culture; enzymes; feces; fermentation; intestinal microorganisms; microbial communities; new species; nucleotide sequences; pectins; ribosomal RNA; swine
Abstract:
... One of the fascinating functions of mammalian intestinal microbiota is fermentation of plant cell wall components. Eight-week continuous culture enrichments of pig feces with cellulose and xylan/pectin were used to isolate bacteria from this community. A total of 575 bacterial isolates were classified phylogenetically using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Six phyla were represented in the bacterial isol ...
Handle:
10113/58711
DOI:
10.1007/s00248-013-0185-4
PubMed:
23354293

36. Changes of Morphological Parameter of Wheat Seed Pretreatment by the Biocontrol Agents Bacillus subtilis QM3 during Germination

Author:
Qing-Ping Hu; Jian-Guo Xu; Fang Zhang; Cheng-Rui Tian
Source:
Communications in soil science and plant analysis 2013 v.44 no.14 pp. 2168-2172
ISSN:
1532-2416
Subject:
Bacillus subtilis; bacteria; biological control agents; feces; fermentation; germination; heavy metals; plant diseases and disorders; root cap; root tips; seeds; shoots; wheat; yaks; China
Abstract:
... Bacillus subtilis QM3, a potential biocontrol agent and useful plant-growth-promoting bacteria (PGRB) from yak dung in China with broad-spectrum and strong antifungal bioactivity, was studied to determine if it either stimulated or inhibited the germination of wheat seeds depending on the amount of bacteria. Germination rate (GR) and length of shoot (LS) increased at 10-fold dilution of QM3 fermen ...
DOI:
10.1080/00103624.2013.799684

37. Fermentation Capacity of Fecal Microbial Inocula of Przewalski Horse, Kulan, and Chapman Zebra and Polysaccharide Hydrolytic Activities of Fecal Microbial Constituents (Ciliates and Bacteria) of Kulan and Chapman Zebra

Author:
Tomaš Laho; Zora Váradyová; Katarína Mihaliková; Svetlana Kišidayová
Source:
Journal of equine veterinary science 2013 v.33 no.3 pp. 143-149
ISSN:
0737-0806
Subject:
Ciliophora; Equus przewalskii; alpha-amylase; asses; bacteria; barley; cellulose; centrifugation; colon; digestibility; digestion; endo-1,4-beta-glucanase; enzyme activity; feces; fermentation; horses; inulinase; meadows; oats; short chain fatty acids; wheat straw; xylan; xylanases; zebras
Abstract:
... We examined fermentation capacity of fecal microbial inocula of Przewalski horse (Equus ferus przewalskii), Asian wild ass - kulan (Equus hemionus hemionus), and Chapman zebra (Equus quagga chapmani) in vitro. Interactions of the substrates (amorphous cellulose, wheat straw, meadow hay, xylan from oat spelt, and ground barley grain) and type of fecal inocula in the gas volume and in vitro dry matt ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jevs.2012.05.064

38. Identification of bifidobacteria isolated from Asian elephant (Elephas maximus)

Author:
Vera Bunesova; Eva Vlkova; Vojtech Rada; Jiri Killer; Vladimir Kmet
Source:
Journal of biosciences 2013 v.38 no.2 pp. 239-243
ISSN:
0250-5991
Subject:
Bifidobacterium; Elephas maximus; animals; bacteria; diet; feces; fermentation; gastrointestinal system; herbivores; polymerase chain reaction; species diversity; type collections; zoos; Czech Republic
Abstract:
... Bifidobacteria are considered as one of the key genera in intestinal tracts of animals, and their species composition vary depending on the host. The aim of this study was to identify faecal bifidobacteria from Asian elephants (Elephas maximus), housed in Zoological gardens (Ostrava, Czech Republic). Using culturing, bifidobacteria were found in counts 7.60 ± 0.56 log CFU/g. Twenty-six pure strain ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12038-013-9322-y
PubMed:
23660657

39. In vitro degradation and fermentation of three dietary fiber sources by human colonic bacteria

Author:
Donna Z. Bliss; Paul J. Weimer; Hans-Joachim G. Jung; Kay Savik
Source:
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2013 v.61 no. pp. 4614-4621
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
intestinal microorganisms; dietary fiber; fermentation; in vitro digestion; microbial communities; humans; colon; gum arabic; guar gum; feces; placebos; dietary supplements; bacteria; carboxymethylcellulose
Abstract:
... Although clinical benefits of dietary fiber supplementation seem to depend in part on the extent of fiber degradation and fermentation by colonic bacteria, little is known about the effect of the type of supplemented fiber on bacterial metabolism. In an experiment using a non-adapted human bacterial population from three normal subjects, in vitro fermentation of guar gum (GA) was greater than that ...
Handle:
10113/57387
DOI:
10.1021/jf3054017
PubMed:
23556460
PubMed Central:
PMC3668776

40. Newly cultured bacteria with broad diversity isolated from eight-week continuous culture enrichments of cow feces on complex polysaccharides

Author:
Cherie J. Ziemer
Source:
Applied and environmental microbiology 2013 v.80 no.2 pp. 574-585
ISSN:
0099-2240
Subject:
Actinobacteria; Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron; Clostridiaceae; Fusobacteria; Proteobacteria; bacteria; cell wall components; cellulose; cows; enzymes; feces; fermentation; genes; intestinal microorganisms; large intestine; microbial communities; new species; nucleotide sequences; nutrients; pectins; ribosomal RNA; species diversity; xylan
Abstract:
... One of the functions of the mammalian large intestinal microbiota is the fermentation of plant cell wall components. In ruminant animals, the majority of their nutrients are obtained via pregastric fermentation; however, up to 20% can be recovered from microbial fermentation in the large intestine. Eight-week continuous culture enrichments of cattle feces with cellulose and xylan-pectin were used ...
Handle:
10113/58712
DOI:
10.1128/AEM.03016-13
PubMed:
24212576
PubMed Central:
PMC3911107

41. A simplified experimental model for clearance of some pathogenic bacteria using common bacterivorous ciliated spp. in Tigris river

Author:
Talib Hassan Ali; Dhuha Saad Saleh
Source:
Applied water science 2014 v.4 no.1 pp. 63-71
ISSN:
2190-5487
Subject:
Escherichia coli; Paramecium; Protozoa; Salmonella Typhi; Shigella flexneri; Tetrahymena pyriformis; bacteria; bacterial communities; bacterivores; diarrhea; feces; fermentation; grazing; ingestion; intestinal microorganisms; lactose; mixed culture; models; patients; river water; rivers
Abstract:
... Bacteria-specific uptake rates of three different protozoan taxa on a pure and mixed bacterial community was studied by means of a simplified and functionally reproducible experimental model. The bacterial species Shigella flexneri, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi were isolated and classified from stool samples of patients suffering from diarrhea. Paramecium caudatum, Tetrahymena pyriformis ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13201-013-0130-1

42. Evaluation of therapeutic properties of fermented vegetables extract (OM-X®) in the model of colitis induced by Citrobacter rodentium in mice

Author:
Muneaki Takahata; Marc Frémont; Pierre Desreumaux; Christel Rousseaux; Caroline Dubuquoy; Yoshie Shimomiya; Yuki Nakamura; Yasuyoshi Miyake
Source:
Journal of functional foods 2014 v.10 pp. 117-127
ISSN:
1756-4646
Subject:
Citrobacter rodentium; Clostridium; absorption barrier; bacteria; colitis; epithelial cells; feces; fermentation; fruits; gene expression; genes; humans; inflammation; interleukin-10; intestinal mucosa; macroalgae; medicinal properties; mice; models; mushrooms; polymerase chain reaction; tight junctions
Abstract:
... Infection of mice with Citrobacter rodentium serves as a model to study human intestinal infections. C. rodentium infection leads to increased production of inflammatory cytokines, immune cell infiltration and damage to the gut barrier. We used this model of colitis to evaluate the therapeutic properties of OM-X®, an extract prepared by fermentation of vegetables, seaweeds, fruits and mushrooms. A ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jff.2014.06.003

43. Microprofiles of oxygen, redox potential, and pH, and microbial fermentation products in the highly alkaline gut of the saprophagous larva of Penthetria holosericea (Diptera: Bibionidae)

Author:
Vladimír Šustr; Ulrich Stingl; Andreas Brune
Source:
Journal of insect physiology 2014 v.67 pp. 64-69
ISSN:
0022-1910
Subject:
Bibionidae; acetates; bacteria; cecum; detritivores; diet; digestion; feces; fermentation; glucose; high performance liquid chromatography; hindgut; hydrogen; hydrogen production; insect physiology; insects; intestinal microorganisms; lactic acid; larvae; leaves; midgut; oxygen; pH; platinum; redox potential; saprophytes; succinic acid
Abstract:
... The saprophagous larvae of bibionid flies harbor bacteria in their alkaline intestinal tracts, but little is known about the contribution of the gut microbiota to the digestion of their recalcitrant diet. In this study, we measured oxygen and hydrogen partial pressure, redox potential and pH in the midgut, gastric caeca and hindgut of larvae of the bibionid fly Penthetria holosericea with Clark-ty ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jinsphys.2014.06.007

44. Adaptation of faecal microbiota in sows after diet changes and consequences for in vitro fermentation capacity

Author:
M.A. Sappok; O. Peréz Gutiérrez; H. Smidt; W.F. Pellikaan; M.W.A. Verstegen; G. Bosch; W.H. Hendriks
Source:
Animal 2015 v.9 no.9 pp. 1453-1464
ISSN:
1751-7311
Subject:
bacteria; cellulose; dietary fiber; feces; fermentation; fructooligosaccharides; gas production (biological); gastrointestinal system; high fiber diet; ingestion; inoculum; intestinal microorganisms; low fiber diet; microarray technology; pectins; phylogeny; sows
Abstract:
... In vitro gas production studies are routinely used to assess the metabolic capacity of intestinal microbiota to ferment dietary fibre sources. The faecal inocula used during the in vitro gas production procedure are most often obtained from animals adapted to a certain diet. The present study was designed to assess whether 19 days of adaptation to a diet are sufficient for faecal inocula of pigs t ...
DOI:
10.1017/S1751731115000865
PubMed:
25997358

45. An integrated metabonomics and microbiology analysis of host-microbiota metabolic interactions in rats with Coptis chinensis-induced diarrhea

Author:
Yemeng Li; Qiongfeng Liao; Manna Lin; Danmin Zhong; Lin Wei; Bo Han; Hui Miao; Meicun Yao; Zhiyong Xie
Source:
RSC advances 2015 v.5 no.97 pp. 79329-79341
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Bacteroides; Coptis chinensis; Enterobacter; Oriental traditional medicine; Prevotella; Veillonella; bacteria; branched chain amino acids; branched chain fatty acids; choline; denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis; diabetes; diarrhea; dietary supplements; feces; fermentation; gastrointestinal diseases; glycine (amino acid); homeostasis; hyperlipidemia; intestinal microorganisms; laboratory animals; malabsorption; metabolites; metabolomics; microbiome; monosaccharides; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; protein degradation; rats; serine; short chain fatty acids; toxicity; urine
Abstract:
... Coptis chinensis Franch., a bererine-containing traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is often used to treat intestinal infections, diabetes and hyperlipidaemia, and often causes diarrhea. To clarify the potential mechanism of toxicity that induces diarrhea, Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were treated with Coptis chinensis dosage of 5 g kg⁻¹ for 14 consecutive days. PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophor ...
DOI:
10.1039/c5ra16338b

46. Biotransformation of luteoloside by a newly isolated human intestinal bacterium using UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS

Author:
Jin-hua Tao; Dong-geng Wang; Chi Yang; Jin-hua Huang; Wen-qian Qiu; Xi Zhao
Source:
Journal of Chromatography B 2015 v.991 pp. 1-8
ISSN:
1570-0232
Subject:
bacteria; beta-glucosidase; biochemical pathways; biotransformation; chromatography; enzyme activity; feces; fermentation; human health; humans; intestinal microorganisms; luteolin; metabolites
Abstract:
... To explore the metabolic pathways and metabolites of luteoloside yielded by the isolated human intestinal bacteria from healthy human feces and characterize the β-d-glucosidase activity of the specific strain which catalyzed the breakdown of luteoloside, a preculture bacterial GAM broth and luteoloside were mixed incubated together for 48h. UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS was used for analysis of the metabolites o ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.03.034

47. Consumption of partially hydrolysed guar gum stimulates Bifidobacteria and butyrate-producing bacteria in the human large intestine

Author:
Y. Ohashi; K. Sumitani; M. Tokunaga; N. Ishihara; T. Okubo; T. Fujisawa
Source:
Beneficial microbes 2015 v.6 no.4 pp. 451-455
ISSN:
1876-2891
Subject:
Bifidobacterium; Clostridium coccoides; DNA; Eubacterium hallii; Eubacterium rectale; Roseburia; bacteria; dietary fiber; feces; fermentation; gene dosage; genes; guar gum; hosts; intestinal microorganisms; large intestine; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; ribosomal RNA; short chain fatty acids; volunteers
Abstract:
... Partially hydrolysed guar gum (PHGG) is a water-soluble dietary fibre that is non-digestible in the upper gastrointestinal tract. It is believed that PHGG benefits the health of hosts by altering the colonic microbiota and stimulating short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production. However, it remains unclear which bacteria ferment PHGG in the human large intestine. In this study, the effect of PHGG on ...
DOI:
10.3920/BM2014.0118

48. Evaluation of an optimal preparation of human standardized fecal inocula for in vitro fermentation studies

Author:
Marisol Aguirre; Anat Eck; Marjorie E. Koenen; Paul H.M. Savelkoul; Andries E. Budding; Koen Venema
Source:
Journal of microbiological methods 2015 v.117 pp. 78-84
ISSN:
0167-7012
Subject:
Actinobacteria; Bacteroidetes; Firmicutes; Fusobacteria; Proteobacteria; Verrucomicrobia; acetates; bacteria; feces; fermentation; freezing; glycerol; humans; inoculum; propionic acid; short chain fatty acids
Abstract:
... This study investigated the optimal preservation approach to prepare human feces as inoculum for in vitro fermentations as an alternative to the use of fresh feces. The four treatments studied were: Treatment 1) fresh feces resuspended in dialysate solution+glycerol; Treatment 2) fresh feces resuspended in dialysate solution+glycerol and then stored at −80°C; Treatment 3) fecal sample frozen with ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.mimet.2015.07.019

49. Ezakiella peruensis gen. nov., sp. nov. isolated from human fecal sample from a coastal traditional community in Peru

Author:
Nisha B. Patel; Raul Y. Tito; Alexandra J. Obregón-Tito; Lindsey O'Neal; Omar Trujillo-Villaroel; Luis Marin-Reyes; Luzmila Troncoso-Corzo; Emilio Guija-Poma; Moriyuki Hamada; Yoshihito Uchino; Cecil M. Lewis; Paul A. Lawson
Source:
Anaerobe 2015 v.32 pp. 43-48
ISSN:
1075-9964
Subject:
acetates; anaerobes; bacteria; chemotaxonomy; fatty acids; feces; fermentation; formates; humans; peptidoglycans; phenotype; phylogeny; ribosomal RNA; sequence analysis; Peru
Abstract:
... A novel Gram-stain positive, non-motile, non-sporeforming coccus-shaped, obligately anaerobic bacterium was isolated from a fecal sample of an individual residing in a traditional Peruvian community. The organism was characterized using biochemical, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic methods. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses and phenotypic characteristics demonstrated that the organism was ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.anaerobe.2014.12.002
PubMed:
25481562
PubMed Central:
PMC4385473

50. Housing experimental rats in solid‐based cages with digestible bedding may confound outcomes of nutritional studies

Author:
Richard K Le Leu; Michael A Conlon; Anthony R Bird; Julie M Clarke
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2015 v.95 no.10 pp. 2155-2158
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
animal welfare; bacteria; bacterial communities; cages; corn cobs; digesta; feces; fermentation; high fiber diet; ingestion; rats; resistant starch
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Rats used in nutritional studies are often kept in wire‐based cages to prevent ingestion of bedding and minimise ingestion of faeces. However, wire‐based cages are criticised because of potential negative animal welfare implications. This study investigated the effects of wire and solid‐based cages with corncob bedding on large bowel fermentation and microbiota. Rats were group housed ...
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.6919

51. Improving the quality of rice straw by urea and calcium hydroxide on rumen ecology, microbial protein synthesis in beef cattle

Author:
S. Polyorach; M. Wanapat
Source:
Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition 2015 v.99 no.3 pp. 449-456
ISSN:
0931-2439
Subject:
bacteria; beef cattle; calcium; calcium hydroxide; crates; digestibility; dry matter intake; ecology; experimental design; feces; fermentation; fungi; nitrogen; nutritive value; protein synthesis; rice straw; rumen; urea; urine; volatile fatty acids
Abstract:
... Four rumen‐fistulated beef cattle were randomly assigned to four treatments according to a 4 × 4 Latin square design to study the influence of urea and calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)₂] treatment of rice straw to improve the nutritive value of rice straw. Four dietary treatments were as follows: untreated rice straw, 50 g/kg urea‐treated rice straw, 20 g/kg urea + 20 g/kg calcium hydroxide‐treated rice ...
DOI:
10.1111/jpn.12253

52. In vitro fermentation of fructooligosaccharides with human gut bacteria

Author:
Bingyong Mao; Dongyao Li; Jianxin Zhao; Xiaoming Liu; Zhennan Gu; Yong Q. Chen; Hao Zhang; Wei Chen
Source:
Food & function 2015 v.6 no.3 pp. 947-954
ISSN:
2042-650X
Subject:
Bacteroides fragilis; Clostridium butyricum; Cronobacter sakazakii; Enterobacter cloacae; Escherichia coli; Ruminococcus gnavus; Weissella paramesenteroides; adverse effects; bacteria; databases; digestive system; feces; fermentation; fructooligosaccharides; glycosidases; glycosides; health promotion; humans; intestinal microorganisms; microbiome; prebiotics; transporters
Abstract:
... Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) are one of the most studied prebiotics, selectively stimulating the growth of health-promoting bacteria in the host. However, there is increasing evidence that commensal gut bacteria, such as Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium butyricum, Enterobacter cloacae, and even the pathogenic Escherichia coli BEN2908, are also able to metabolize FOS in vitro, and in some cases, F ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4fo01082e

53. Intestinal formation of trans-crocetin from saffron extract (Crocus sativus L.) and in vitro permeation through intestinal and blood brain barrier

Author:
M. Lautenschläger; J. Sendker; S. Hüwel; H.J. Galla; S. Brandt; M. Düfer; K. Riehemann; A. Hensel
Source:
Phytomedicine 2015 v.22 pp. 36-44
ISSN:
0944-7113
Subject:
Crocus sativus; absorbance; bacteria; blood-brain barrier; brain; cell culture; cerebrospinal fluid; endothelial cells; epithelial cells; feces; fermentation; glycosylation; human cell lines; in vitro studies; intestines; metabolites; mice; microbiome; models; monitoring; permeates; pharmacokinetics; saffron; swine; transporters
Abstract:
... Aims: Extracts of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) have traditionally been used against depressions. Recent preclinical and clinical investigations have rationalized this traditional use. Trans-crocetin, a saffron metabolite originating from the crocin apocarotenoids, has been shown to exert strong NMDA receptor affinity and is thought to be responsible for the CNS activity of saffron. Pharmacokinetic ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.phymed.2014.10.009

54. MDG-1, an Ophiopogon polysaccharide, regulate gut microbiota in high-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6 mice

Author:
Lin-lin Shi; Yuan Li; Yuan Wang; Yi Feng
Source:
International journal of biological macromolecules 2015 v.81 pp. 576-583
ISSN:
0141-8130
Subject:
Bacteroidetes; Firmicutes; Ophiopogon japonicus; animal disease models; bacteria; blood; enzymes; feces; fermentation; glycemic effect; high fat diet; immune system; intestinal microorganisms; males; metabolomics; mice; obesity; polysaccharides; roots; sequence analysis; weight loss
Abstract:
... Most plant polysaccharides cannot be digested and utilized by host enzymes, and must be subjected to microbial fermentation before being assimilated by the host. MDG-1, a water-soluble β-d-fructan extracted from the roots of Ophiopogon japonicus, has potent anti-obesity and hypoglycemic effects. Interestingly, we found that MDG-1 is hardly absorbed into the blood. We presumed that MDG-1 might exhi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.08.057

55. Organic Acid Blend with Pure Botanical Product Treatment Reduces Escherichia coli and Salmonella Populations in Pure Culture and in In Vitro Mixed Ruminal Microorganism Fermentations

Author:
Ester Grilli; Riccardo Bari; Andrea Piva; Tom S. Edrington; Dipti W. Pitta; William E. Pinchak; David J. Nisbet; Todd R. Callaway
Source:
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease 2015 v.12 no.1 pp. 56-61
ISSN:
1556-7125
Subject:
Escherichia coli O157; Salmonella Typhimurium; animal growth; animal performance; bacteria; economic feasibility; feces; fermentation; food animals; food pathogens; foodborne illness; growth performance; herbal medicines; humans; in vitro culture; in vitro studies; intestines; plate count; population; rumen fluids; rumen microorganisms; tubes
Abstract:
... Foodborne pathogenic bacteria can live in the intestinal tract of food animals and can be transmitted to humans via food or indirectly through animal or fecal contact. Organic acid blend products have been used as nonantibiotic modifiers of the gastrointestinal fermentation of food animals to improve growth performance efficiency. However, the impact of these organic acid products on the microbial ...
Handle:
10113/61277
DOI:
10.1089/fpd.2014.1826

56. Prevalence, biochemical characteristics, and antibiotic susceptibility of aeromonads, vibrios, and plesiomonads isolated from different sources at a zoo

Author:
Kim Kyoo-Tae; Lee Seung-Hun; Kwak Dongmi
Source:
Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine 2015 v.46 no.2 pp. 298-305
ISSN:
1042-7260
Subject:
Aeromonas; Plesiomonas shigelloides; Vibrio parahaemolyticus; amikacin; ampicillin; antibiotic resistance; bacitracin; bacteria; birds; carrier state; chloramphenicol; colistin; deoxyribonucleases; diarrhea; disease outbreaks; feces; fermentation; gentamicin; gluconates; glucose; hemolysis; humans; malates; maltose; monitoring; norfloxacin; novobiocin; proteinases; reptiles; tryptophan; vancomycin; zoos
Abstract:
... Aeromonas spp., Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Plesiomonas shigelloides are commonly implicated in foodborne and waterborne diarrheal illnesses of humans and other animals. The present study assessed the prevalence, biochemical characteristics, and antibiotic susceptibility of Aeromonas spp., V. parahaemolyticus, and P. shigelloides by analyzing samples from 729 sources at a zoo, including animal fe ...
DOI:
10.1638/2014-0194R.1

57. Early colonization of functional groups of microbes in the infant gut

Author:
Van T. Pham; Christophe Lacroix; Christian P. Braegger; Christophe Chassard
Source:
Environmental microbiology 2016 v.18 no.7 pp. 2246-2258
ISSN:
1462-2912
Subject:
bacteria; digestive system; ecosystems; feces; fermentation; hydrogen; hydrogen sulfide; infancy; infants; intestinal microorganisms; keystone species; lactic acid; short chain fatty acids; trophic relationships
Abstract:
... The colonization of the infant gut is crucial for early life development. Although the composition and diversity of the infant gut microbiota (GM) has been well described at a taxonomic level, functional aspects of this ecosystem remain unexplored. In the infant gut, lactate is produced by a number of bacteria and plays an important role in the trophic chain of the fermentation process. However, l ...
DOI:
10.1111/1462-2920.13316

58. Fermentation characteristics of Megasphaera elsdenii J6 derived from pig feces on different lactate isomers

Author:
Xiao-lin JIANG; Yong SU; Wei-yun ZHU
Source:
Journal of integrative agriculture 2016 v.15 no.7 pp. 1575-1583
ISSN:
2095-3119
Subject:
Bacteroides acidifaciens; Bacteroides fragilis; Bacteroides uniformis; Megasphaera elsdenii; Veillonella; acidosis; anaerobes; bacteria; butyrates; carbon; digestive system; feces; fermentation; isomers; lactic acid; nucleotide sequences; ribosomal RNA; short chain fatty acids; swine
Abstract:
... D-Lactate-utilizing bacteria play important roles in maintaining the balance of gut lactate; however, studies on gut D-lactate-utilizing bacteria have been limited. This study aimed to isolate and identify D-lactate-utilizing bacteria from pig gut using the Hungate roll-tube method, and to investigate their metabolic characteristics in vitro. Six different anaerobes were isolated from pig feces, w ...
DOI:
10.1016/S2095-3119(15)61236-9

59. In vitro analysis of partially hydrolyzed guar gum fermentation on identified gut microbiota

Author:
Justin Carlson; Trevor Gould; Joanne Slavin
Source:
Anaerobe 2016 v.42 pp. 60-66
ISSN:
1075-9964
Subject:
Bacteroides; Western diets; antibiotics; bacteria; colitis; colon; dietary fiber; digestion; feces; fermentation; guar gum; intestinal microorganisms; prebiotics; probiotics; ribosomal RNA
Abstract:
... Prebiotic dietary fibers resist digestion in the upper gastrointestinal tract and allow for stimulation of bacteria in the distal intestine and colon. Stimulation of bacteria among different individuals varies greatly, depending on a wide range of variables.To determine the range of differences in response between individuals, a preclinical in vitro fermentation was conducted with six fecal donors ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.anaerobe.2016.08.006

60. In vitro fermentation of alginate and its derivatives by human gut microbiota

Author:
Miaomiao Li; Guangsheng Li; Qingsen Shang; Xiuxia Chen; Wei Liu; Xiong'e Pi; Liying Zhu; Yeshi Yin; Guangli Yu; Xin Wang
Source:
Anaerobe 2016 v.39 pp. 19-25
ISSN:
1075-9964
Subject:
Bacteroides ovatus; Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron; Bacteroides xylanisolvens; alginates; bacteria; digestive system; feces; fermentation; food additives; humans; intestinal microorganisms; oligosaccharides; polymers; propylene glycol; short chain fatty acids; sodium sulfate
Abstract:
... Alginate (Alg) has a long history as a food ingredient in East Asia. However, the human gut microbes responsible for the degradation of alginate and its derivatives have not been fully understood yet. Here, we report that alginate and the low molecular polymer derivatives of mannuronic acid oligosaccharides (MO) and guluronic acid oligosaccharides (GO) can be completely degraded and utilized at va ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.anaerobe.2016.02.003

61. Digested sludge-degrading and hydrogen-producing bacterial floras and their potential for biohydrogen production

Author:
Kyohei Kuribayashi; Yoshiki Kobayashi; Kazuhira Yokoyama; Katsuhiko Fujii
Source:
International biodeterioration & biodegradation 2017 v.120 pp. 58-65
ISSN:
0964-8305
Subject:
anaerobic digestion; bacteria; cattle; chitin; chitinase; feces; fermentation; hydrogen; hydrogen production; sludge; soil; xylan; xylanases
Abstract:
... Digested sludge (DS) is a recalcitrant waste produced by anaerobic digestion of excess sludge. Although biological wastes have received attention as a substrate for hydrogen fermentation, DS has not been well examined as a substrate for the fermentation. In this study, we found and characterized DS-degrading/hydrogen-producing bacterial floras. Soil and cattle faecal samples were enriched by DS su ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ibiod.2017.02.009

62. In Vitro Fermentation Patterns of Rice Bran Components by Human Gut Microbiota

Author:
Tung Pham; Keat (Thomas) Teoh; Brett J. Savary; Ming-Hsuan Chen; Anna McClung; Sun-Ok Lee
Source:
Nutrients 2017 v.9 no.11 pp. -
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
Bacteroides; Coprococcus; Prevotella; Roseburia; adults; arabinoxylan; bacteria; bioassays; colon; feces; females; fermentation; fructooligosaccharides; in vitro studies; intestinal microorganisms; males; nutrients; phytochemicals; polyphenols; prebiotics; ribosomal RNA; rice; rice bran; sequence analysis; short chain fatty acids; whole grain foods
Abstract:
... Whole grain rice is a rich source of fiber, nutrients, and phytochemicals that may promote gastrointestinal health, but such beneficial components are typically removed with the bran during polishing. Soluble feruloylated arabinoxylan oligosaccharides (FAXO) and polyphenols (RBPP) isolated from rice bran are hypothesized to have positive impacts on human gut microbiota through a prebiotic function ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu9111237
PubMed:
29137150
PubMed Central:
PMC5707709

63. In vitro fermentation behaviors of fucosylated chondroitin sulfate from Pearsonothuria graeffei by human gut microflora

Author:
Chao-Yang Wei; Ning-Bo Liao; Yu Zhang; Xing-Qian Ye; Shan Li; Ya-Qin Hu; Dong-Hong Liu; Robert J. Linhardt; Xin Wang; Shi-Guo Chen
Source:
International journal of biological macromolecules 2017 v.102 pp. 1195-1201
ISSN:
0141-8130
Subject:
Bacteroides; Bifidobacterium; Clostridium; Enterobacteriaceae; Lactobacillus; Pearsonothuria graeffei; Prevotella; absorption; bacteria; chondroitin sulfate; denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis; feces; fermentation; gastrointestinal system; high performance liquid chromatography; humans; intestinal microorganisms; models; probiotics; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; ribosomal RNA; short chain fatty acids
Abstract:
... A fucosylated chondroitin sulfate (FCS-pg) with highly repeated structure from Pearsonothuria graeffei was subjected to a in vitro fermentation model to investigate its fermentability and effects on human gut microflora. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) measurement found FCS-pg can be fermented to short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) by gut microflora from partial human fecal samples. 16S ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.04.036

64. Prebiotic effect of xylooligosaccharides produced from birchwood xylan by a novel fungal GH11 xylanase

Author:
Manuel Nieto-Domínguez; Laura I. de Eugenio; María J. York-Durán; Barbara Rodríguez-Colinas; Francisco J. Plou; Empar Chenoll; Ester Pardo; Francisco Codoñer; María Jesús Martínez
Source:
Food chemistry 2017 v.232 pp. 105-113
ISSN:
0308-8146
Subject:
Bifidobacterium; Talaromyces; bacteria; breast feeding; children; endo-1,4-beta-xylanase; enzymatic treatment; feces; fermentation; fungi; genes; glycosides; lactic acid; prebiotics; xylan; xylooligosaccharides; xylose
Abstract:
... A fungal endoxylanase belonging to the glycoside hydrolase gene family 11 (GH11) was obtained from the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae. The enzyme was purified, characterized and used to produce a mixture of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) from birchwood xylan. A notable yield of neutral XOS was obtained (28.8%) upon enzyme treatment and the mixture contained a negligible amount of xylose, having xy ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.03.149

65. The response of canine faecal microbiota to increased dietary protein is influenced by body condition

Author:
Jia Xu; Adronie Verbrugghe; Marta Lourenço; An Cools; Daisy J. X. Liu; Tom Van de Wiele; Massimo Marzorati; Venessa Eeckhaut; Filip Van Immerseel; Lynn Vanhaecke; Miguel Campos; Myriam Hesta
Source:
BMC veterinary research 2017 v.13 no.1 pp. 374
ISSN:
1746-6148
Subject:
Beagle; Clostridium; Lactobacillus; acetates; ammonia; bacteria; blood serum; body condition; butyrates; cross-over studies; denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis; dietary protein; dogs; feces; fermentation; fermented foods; genes; high protein diet; humans; intestinal microorganisms; low protein diet; metabolites; obesity; phenol; protein content; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; sulfates; veterinary medicine
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: High protein diets shift the faecal microbiota into a more unfavourable composition in obese humans. In lean dogs, higher protein consumption is accompanied with increased production of putrefactive fermentation products, whereas obese dogs have a different gut microbiota compared to lean dogs. Still, the impact of high dietary protein on gut microbiota in obese dogs remains unclear. T ...
DOI:
10.1186/s12917-017-1276-0
PubMed:
29202841
PubMed Central:
PMC5716228

66. A novel biological recovery approach for PHA employing selective digestion of bacterial biomass in animals

Author:
Su Yean Ong; Idris Zainab-L; Somarajan Pyary; Kumar Sudesh
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 2018 v.102 no.5 pp. 2117-2127
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
animal models; animals; bacteria; biodegradability; biosynthesis; digestion; digestive system; energy; feces; feedstocks; fermentation; granules; microbial biomass; polyhydroxyalkanoates; purification methods; thermal properties; thermoplastics
Abstract:
... Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is a family of microbial polyesters that is completely biodegradable and possesses the mechanical and thermal properties of some commonly used petrochemical-based plastics. Therefore, PHA is attractive as a biodegradable thermoplastic. It has always been a challenge to commercialize PHA due to the high cost involved in the biosynthesis of PHA via bacterial fermentation a ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00253-018-8788-9

67. Composition and metabolism of fecal microbiota from normal and overweight children are differentially affected by melibiose, raffinose and raffinose-derived fructans

Author:
Kaarel Adamberg; Signe Adamberg; Karin Ernits; Anneli Larionova; Tiia Voor; Madis Jaagura; Triinu Visnapuu; Tiina Alamäe
Source:
Anaerobe 2018 v.52 pp. 100-110
ISSN:
1075-9964
Subject:
Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron; Bifidobacterium; Catenibacterium; Enterococcus; Lachnospiraceae; Phleum pratense; Streptococcus; adults; bacteria; butyric acid; calorimetry; children; colon; feces; fermentation; fermented foods; gases; heat production; inoculum; intestinal microorganisms; lactic acid; levan; levansucrase; melibiose; overweight; raffinose
Abstract:
... The aim of the study was to investigate the metabolism of non-digestible oligo- and polysaccharides by fecal microbiota, using isothermal microcalorimetry. The five tested substrates were raffinose, melibiose, a mixture of oligo- and polysaccharides produced from raffinose by levansucrase, levan synthesized from raffinose, and levan from timothy grass. Two inocula were comprised of pooled fecal sa ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.anaerobe.2018.06.009

68. Effect of dehydrated alfalfa on equine gastric and faecal microbial ecosystems

Author:
Samy Julliand; Agathe Martin; Véronique Julliand
Source:
Livestock science 2018 v.215 pp. 16-20
ISSN:
1871-1413
Subject:
acidosis; adults; alfalfa; bacteria; barley; buffering capacity; calcium; colic; diet; ecosystems; feces; fermentation; grass hay; hindgut; horse feeding; horses; intestines; lactic acid; microbial activity; microbial ecology; mucosa; pH; pellets; starch; stomach; sunflower meal
Abstract:
... Disturbances of the gastric and hindgut ecosystems can lead to damage of the mucosa in the stomach and to intestinal colic. Some studies suggested that alfalfa could have preventive and healing capacities against gastric ulcerations. Preliminary data suggest that buffering capacity of alfalfa could also be beneficial for the hindgut ecosystem. The objective of this study was thus to assess the eff ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.livsci.2017.05.005

69. Effects of a homogeneous polysaccharide from Sijunzi decoction on human intestinal microbes and short chain fatty acids in vitro

Author:
Beibei Gao; Ruijun Wang; Ying Peng; Xiaobo Li
Source:
Journal of ethnopharmacology 2018 v.224 pp. 465-473
ISSN:
0378-8741
Subject:
Bacteroides; Clostridium; Coprococcus; Dialister; Enterococcus; Lactobacillus; Oriental traditional medicine; Oscillospira; Pediococcus; Ruminococcus; Streptococcus; Sutterella; acetic acid; appetite; bacteria; carbon; feces; fermentation; flora; food intake; gas chromatography; gastric juice; gastrointestinal system; genes; immunomodulation; intestinal microorganisms; intestinal secretions; models; polysaccharides; reducing sugars; ribosomal RNA; short chain fatty acids; spleen
Abstract:
... Sijunzi decoction (SJZD) is a classic recipe in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to strengthen the spleen and replenish Qi. It is well known for treating disorders of gastrointestinal function manifested in poor appetite, reduced food intake and loose stools. Polysaccharide is the most abundant constituent and the major effective component in SJZD.The present study aimed to understand the immuno ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jep.2018.06.006

70. Effects of lysophospholipids on short-term production, nitrogen utilization, and rumen fermentation and bacterial population in lactating dairy cows

Author:
C. Lee; D.L. Morris; J.E. Copelin; J.M. Hettick; I.H. Kwon
Source:
Journal of dairy science 2018 pp. -
ISSN:
0022-0302
Subject:
acetates; bacteria; cannulas; dairy cows; data analysis; digestibility; excretion; feces; feed additives; feed conversion; fermentation; forage; green infrastructure; lactating females; lactation; lipid content; mechanism of action; milk; milk fat; milk proteins; milk yield; monensin; nitrogen; organic matter; rumen; rumen fermentation; secretion; urine; Indiana
Abstract:
... An experiment was conducted to examine effects of supplemental lysophospholipids (LPL) in dairy cows. Eight ruminally cannulated lactating Holstein cows were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design. Dietary treatments were (1) a dairy ration [CON; 55% forage and 45% concentrate on a dry matter (DM) basis], (2) a positive control diet supplemented with monensin (MON; 16 mg/kg in dietary DM; ...
DOI:
10.3168/jds.2018-15777

71. Gut microbiota promotes production of aromatic metabolites through degradation of barley leaf fiber

Author:
Daotong Li; Pan Wang; Pengpu Wang; Xiaosong Hu; Fang Chen
Source:
Journal of nutritional biochemistry 2018 v.58 pp. 49-58
ISSN:
0955-2863
Subject:
Lachnospiraceae; Prevotella; antibiotics; bacteria; barley; butyrates; digestive system; feces; fermentation; ferulic acid; intestinal microorganisms; leaves; metabolites; mice; plant fibers; propionic acid
Abstract:
... Barley leaf (BL) contains abundant plant fibers, which are important substrates for the metabolism and degradation by the gut microbiota. Here we show that mice fed a diet supplemented with BL exhibited altered gut bacterial composition characterized by the enrichment of fiber-degrading bacteria Lachnospiraceae and Prevotella. Gut microbiota-mediated BL degradation promoted butyrate and propionate ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.05.001

72. In vitro fermentation of beta-glucans and other selected carbohydrates by infant fecal inoculum: An evaluation of their potential as prebiotics in infant formula

Author:
Ka-Lung Lam; Hoi-Yee Keung; Kin-Chun Ko; Hoi-Shan Kwan; Peter Chi-Keung Cheung
Source:
Bioactive carbohydrates and dietary fibre 2018 v.14 pp. 20-24
ISSN:
2212-6198
Subject:
Bifidobacterium; Lactobacillus; anaerobes; bacteria; beta-glucans; breast milk; dietary fiber; digestive system; disaccharides; feces; fermentation; infant formulas; infants; inoculum; monosaccharides; plate count; prebiotics; probiotics
Abstract:
... Prebiotics are being added to infant formula in order to mimic the effects of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) for the growth of probiotic bacteria especially bifidobacteria and lactobacilli in the infant gut. This preliminary study compares the in vitro fermentation of 13 different carbohydrates including monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides by infant fecal sampl ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bcdf.2017.07.009

73. In vitro fermentation of raffinose by the human gut bacteria

Author:
Bingyong Mao; Hongyu Tang; Jiayu Gu; Dongyao Li; Shumao Cui; Jianxin Zhao; Hao Zhang; Wei Chen
Source:
Food & function 2018 v.9 no.11 pp. 5824-5831
ISSN:
2042-650X
Subject:
Bifidobacterium; Enterococcus avium; Enterococcus faecium; Escherichia coli; Lactobacillus; Streptococcus macedonicus; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Streptococcus salivarius; bacteria; digestive system; feces; fermentation; flatulence; glucose; glycosidases; high performance liquid chromatography; hosts; humans; intestinal microorganisms; melibiose; proteins; raffinose
Abstract:
... Raffinose has become a major focus of research interest and recent studies have shown that besides beneficial bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecium and Streptococcus pneumoniae can also utilize raffinose and raffinose might lead to flatulence in some hosts. Therefore, it is required to find out the raffinose-metabolizing bacteria in the gut and the bacteria respon ...
DOI:
10.1039/c8fo01687a

74. Influence of dietary protein and fructooligosaccharides on fecal fermentative end-products, fecal bacterial populations and apparent total tract digestibility in dogs

Author:
Carlo Pinna; Carla Giuditta Vecchiato; Carmen Bolduan; Monica Grandi; Claudio Stefanelli; Wilhelm Windisch; Giuliano Zaghini; Giacomo Biagi
Source:
BMC veterinary research 2018 v.14 no.1 pp. 106
ISSN:
1746-6148
Subject:
Bifidobacterium; adults; ammonia; animal feeding; bacteria; calcium; colon; crude protein; dietary protein; digestibility; digestion; dogs; feces; fermentation; fructooligosaccharides; health promotion; high protein diet; hindgut; intestinal microorganisms; iron; low protein diet; magnesium; manganese; minerals; pH; prebiotics; propionic acid; proteolysis; silica; sodium; swine; veterinary medicine; zinc
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Feeding dogs with diets rich in protein may favor putrefactive fermentations in the hindgut, negatively affecting the animal’s intestinal environment. Conversely, prebiotics may improve the activity of health-promoting bacteria and prevent bacterial proteolysis in the colon. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with fructooligosaccharides (FOS) o ...
DOI:
10.1186/s12917-018-1436-x
PubMed:
29558912
PubMed Central:
PMC5859515

75. Method for isolation of both lactose-fermenting and – non-fermenting Escherichia albertii strains from stool samples

Author:
Andrée F. Maheux; Stéphanie Brodeur; Ève Bérubé; Dominique K. Boudreau; Jehane Y. Abed; Maurice Boissinot; Luc Bissonnette; Michel G. Bergeron
Source:
Journal of microbiological methods 2018 v.154 pp. 134-140
ISSN:
0167-7012
Subject:
Escherichia albertii; bacteria; feces; fermentation; isolation techniques; lactose; pathogenicity; phenotype; polymerase chain reaction; species identification
Abstract:
... Initially, Escherichia albertii has been described as a non-lactose fermenting bacterium and methods used to isolate it were first based on this phenotypic property. However, a recent study showed a variable lactose fermentation phenotype for E. albertii suggesting that this microorganism could have been underestimated by previous studies using isolation methods based on lactose fermentation. In t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.mimet.2018.09.008

76. Molecular Characterization and Identification of Bioactive Peptides Producing Lactobacillus sps. Based on 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

Author:
Priyanka Chandra; Shilpa Vij
Source:
Food biotechnology 2018 v.32 no.1 pp. 1-14
ISSN:
1532-4249
Subject:
Lactobacillus casei; Lactobacillus plantarum; Lactobacillus rhamnosus; antimicrobial properties; antioxidants; bacteria; feces; fermentation; humans; milk proteins; nucleotide sequences; pathogens; peptides; proteolysis; ribosomal RNA; sequence analysis; skim milk; starter cultures; whey
Abstract:
... In the present study, 3 bacterial cultures were isolated from faecal samples of human infant. The biochemical traits showed similarity with Lactobacillus sps and 16S rRNA sequence analyses, confirmed as Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus casei, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus. The cultures were screened for their proteolytic activity and good ability to release peptides from milk proteins was foun ...
DOI:
10.1080/08905436.2017.1413657

77. Reducing agent can be omitted in the incubation medium of the batch in vitro fermentation model of the pig intestines

Author:
C. Poelaert; G. Nollevaux; C. Boudry; B. Taminiau; C. Nezer; G. Daube; Y.-J. Schneider; D. Portetelle; A. Théwis; J. Bindelle
Source:
Animal 2018 v.12 no.6 pp. 1154-1164
ISSN:
1751-732X
Subject:
bacteria; branched chain fatty acids; carbon dioxide; casein; cellulose; culture media; cytotoxicity; digestive physiology; dysbiosis; feces; fermentation; human cell lines; in vitro digestion; in vitro studies; ingredients; inoculum; intestinal microorganisms; intestines; metabolites; models; potato starch; reducing agents; short chain fatty acids; sodium sulfide; sows; soy protein
Abstract:
... Over the past decade, in vitro methods have been developed to study intestinal fermentation in pigs and its influence on the digestive physiology and health. In these methods, ingredients are fermented by a bacterial inoculum diluted in a mineral buffer solution. Generally, a reducing agent such as Na₂S or cysteine-HCl generates the required anaerobic environment by releasing metabolites similar t ...
DOI:
10.1017/S1751731117002749
PubMed:
29094671

78. The effect of resistant starch (RS) on the bovine rumen microflora and isolation of RS-degrading bacteria

Author:
Dong-Hyun Jung; Dong-Ho Seo; Ga-Young Kim; Young-Do Nam; Eun-Ji Song; Shawn Yoon; Cheon-Seok Park
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 2018 v.102 no.11 pp. 4927-4936
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
Bifidobacterium; Lactobacillus brevis; Streptococcus; Succiniclasticum; bacteria; cattle; coculture; culture media; feces; fermentation; humans; large intestine; metagenomics; prebiotics; probiotics; reducing sugars; resistant starch; rumen fluids; rumen microorganisms; secondary metabolites; short chain fatty acids
Abstract:
... Resistant starch (RS) in the diet reaches the large intestine without degradation, where it is decomposed by the commensal microbiota. The fermentation of RS produces secondary metabolites including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which have been linked to a variety of physiological and health effects. Therefore, the availability of RS as a prebiotic is a current issue. The objectives of this stu ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00253-018-8971-z

79. Adaptation of intestinal fermentation over time in the growing pig is influenced by the amount of kiwi fruit consumed

Author:
Carlos A. Montoya; Sharon J. Henare; Peter Zhu; Shane M. Rutherfurd; Paul J. Moughan
Source:
British journal of nutrition 2019 v.121 no.6 pp. 601-614
ISSN:
1475-2662
Subject:
bacteria; body weight; butyric acid; cannulas; crude protein; dietary fiber; digesta; feces; fermentation; fruits; gene dosage; hindgut; humans; ileum; inoculum; intestinal absorption; kiwifruit; models; ribosomal RNA; starch; swine; titanium dioxide; valeric acid
Abstract:
... The effect of kiwi fruit at two dietary levels on the adaptation of intestinal fermentation over time in the growing pig was studied. A semi-synthetic fibre-free diet and two semi-synthetic diets containing kiwi fruit as a model fibre source (133 or 266 g/kg (DM basis); 28 or 48 g fibre/kg) were formulated and the diets contained titanium dioxide as an indigestible marker. A total of fourteen ilea ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0007114518003574

80. Effect of Fermented Medicinal Plants as Dietary Additives on Food Preference and Fecal Microbial Quality in Dogs

Author:
Da Hye Park; Damini Kothari; Kai-Min Niu; Sung Gu Han; Jee Eun Yoon; Hong-Gu Lee; Soo-Ki Kim
Source:
Animals 2019 v.9 no.9 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; Artemisia vulgaris; Beagle; Enterococcus faecium; antioxidant activity; bacteria; beneficial microorganisms; cattle; diet; dogs; epithelium; feces; fermentation; flavonoids; food additives; food choices; intestinal microorganisms; medicinal plants; microbiological quality; pH; pet foods; plate count; polyphenols; turmeric
Abstract:
... This research determined the antioxidant activities of medicinal plants fermented by Enterococcus faecium and their subsequent applications as dog food additives. Turmeric (5%, w/v), glasswort (2.5%, w/v), Ganghwa mugwort (2.5%, w/v), and their mixture (5%, w/v) were fermented by autochthonous E. faecium (1%, v/v) for 72 h. Bacterial cell counts and pH were monitored during fermentation. Total pol ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani9090690
PubMed:
31527540
PubMed Central:
PMC6770862

81. Effects of tannins and saponins contained in foliage of Gliricidia sepium and pods of Enterolobium cyclocarpum on fermentation, methane emissions and rumen microbial population in crossbred heifers

Author:
Isabel Cristina Molina-Botero; Julian Arroyave-Jaramillo; Sara Valencia-Salazar; Rolando Barahona-Rosales; Carlos Fernando Aguilar-Pérez; Armín Ayala Burgos; Jacobo Arango; Juan Carlos Ku-Vera
Source:
Animal feed science and technology 2019 v.251 pp. 1-11
ISSN:
0377-8401
Subject:
Archaea; Enterolobium cyclocarpum; Gliricidia sepium; Protozoa; Urochloa brizantha; bacteria; butyric acid; crossbreds; crude protein; data analysis; digestibility; digestible dry matter; dry matter intake; emissions; feces; fermentation; grasses; heifers; ingredients; leaves; legumes; methane; methane production; methanogens; neutral detergent fiber; nutrient content; pH; pods; proanthocyanidins; propionic acid; rumen fluids; rumen microorganisms; saponins; tannins; volatile fatty acids; weight gain
Abstract:
... Incorporation of foliage and pods of tropical legumes in ruminant rations is an alternative to mitigate enteric methane emissions. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of adding increasing levels of ground pods of Enterolobium cyclocarpum (Jacq.) Griseb. mixed with foliage of Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Steud. on emissions of ruminal methane (CH4), volatile fatty acid proportion ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2019.01.011

82. Enhancing Immunomodulatory Function of Red Ginseng Through Fermentation Using Bifidobacterium animalis Subsp. lactis LT 19-2

Author:
Jae Hwan Kim; Eun-Hee Doo; Minju Jeong; Seungil Kim; Yun-Yeol Lee; Jaesik Yang; Ji Su Lee; Jong Hun Kim; Ki Won Lee; Chul Sung Huh; Sanguine Byun
Source:
Nutrients 2019 v.11 no.7 pp. -
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis; Panax; acid tolerance; bacteria; bioactive properties; disease models; enzyme activity; feces; fermentation; functional foods; ginsenosides; immunomodulators; infants; interleukin-6; macrophages; metabolites; mice; mitogen-activated protein kinase; moieties; phosphorylation; probiotics; screening; splenocytes; sugars; transcription factor NF-kappa B; tumor necrosis factor-alpha
Abstract:
... Removal of sugar moieties from ginsenosides has been proposed to increase their biological effects in various disease models. In order to identify strains that can increase aglycone contents, we performed a screening using bacteria isolated from the feces of infants focusing on acid tolerance and β-glucosidase activity. We isolated 565 bacteria and selected Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lac ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu11071481
PubMed:
31261829
PubMed Central:
PMC6682942

83. Impact of Resistant Maltodextrins and Resistant Starch on Human Gut Microbiota and Organic Acids Production

Author:
Waraporn Sorndech; Sureelak Rodtong; Andreas Blennow; Sunanta Tongta
Source:
Stärke = 2019 v.71 no.5-6 pp. e1800231
ISSN:
0038-9056
Subject:
Bifidobacterium; Clostridia; Lactobacillus; acetic acid; bacteria; biochemical pathways; butyric acid; carbon; feces; fermentation; glucose; humans; intestinal microorganisms; intestines; lactic acid; maltodextrins; prebiotics; resistant starch; volunteers
Abstract:
... This study is conducted to elucidate the effect of differently engineered resistant maltodextrin (RMD) and resistant starch (RS) on human intestinal microbiotal fermentation. Different types of RMD and RS are used as the sole carbon sources for bacteria in feces from healthy volunteers. The cultured samples are analyzed for changes in microbial groups from which the prebiotic index (PI) is calcula ...
DOI:
10.1002/star.201800231

84. Inclusion of IgY in a dog's diet has moderate impact on the intestinal microbial fermentation

Author:
M. Scheraiber; Ł. Grześkowiak; J. Zentek; F.F. Barbosa; A.P. Félix; A.V.Fischer da Silva
Source:
Journal of applied microbiology 2019 v.127 no.4 pp. 996-1003
ISSN:
1364-5072
Subject:
Beagle; Clostridium coccoides; alanine transaminase; animal diseases; antibodies; bacteria; blood; creatinine; diet; digestibility; dog feeding; dogs; feces; feeds; fermentation; gastrointestinal diseases; immunoglobulin Y; intestinal microorganisms; intestines; laying hens; metabolites; pH; pets; sialic acid; urea
Abstract:
... AIMS: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of immunoglobulin Y (IgY) in a diet on the systemic health and the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of dogs. METHODS AND RESULTS: Sixteen healthy 11‐month‐old Beagle dogs were distributed at random (eight animals per treatment) in two treatments groups: control (0 g kg⁻¹ IgY) and test (2 g IgY per day). The animals were evaluated on days 0 and 40 for a com ...
DOI:
10.1111/jam.14378

85. Mediterraneibacter butyricigenes sp. nov., a butyrate-producing bacterium isolated from human faeces

Author:
Ji-Sun Kim; Keun Chul Lee; Min Kuk Suh; Kook-Il Han; Mi Kyung Eom; Ju Huck Lee; Seung-Hwan Park; Se Won Kang; Jam-Eon Park; Byeong Seob Oh; Seung Yeob Yu; Seung-Hyeon Choi; Dong Ho Lee; Hyuk Yoon; Byung-Yong Kim; Seung-Jo Yang; Jung-Sook Lee
Source:
journal of microbiology 2019 v.57 no.1 pp. 38-44
ISSN:
1225-8873
Subject:
Clostridium; Lachnospiraceae; alkaline phosphatase; arginine deiminase; bacteria; butyrates; fatty acids; feces; fermentation; gelatin; genes; glucose; high performance liquid chromatography; humans; hydrolysis; males; new species; phenotype; phylogeny; rhamnose; ribosomal DNA; ribosomal RNA; sequence homology; South Korea
Abstract:
... A Gram-stain-positive, obligately anaerobic, non-motile, nonspore-forming, and rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated KGMB01110T, was isolated from a faecal sample of a healthy male in South Korea. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene showed that strain KGMB01110ᵀ belonged to Clostridium cluster XIVa and was most closely related to Mediterraneibacter glycyrrhizinilyticus KCTC 5760T (95.9% ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12275-019-8550-8

86. Physical Inaccessibility of a Resistant Starch Shifts Mouse Gut Microbiota to Butyrogenic Firmicutes

Author:
Amandeep Kaur; Tingting Chen; Stefan J. Green; Ece Mutlu; Berdine R. Martin; Pinthip Rumpagaporn; John A. Patterson; Ali Keshavarzian; Bruce R. Hamaker
Source:
Molecular nutrition & food research 2019 v.63 no.7 pp. e1801012
ISSN:
1613-4125
Subject:
Bacteroidetes; Firmicutes; absorption barrier; amylases; animal models; anti-inflammatory agents; bacteria; butyrates; community structure; digestive system; feces; fermentation; intestinal microorganisms; mice; microbial communities; microparticles; potatoes; resistant starch
Abstract:
... SCOPE: Resistant starch (RS) is utilized by Gram‐negative Bacteroidetes through a starch utilization system (Sus), which requires physical attachment of the bacteria to the substrate. Gram‐positive Firmicutes, which include butyrate producers, utilize RS by other mechanisms, such as amylosomes and secreted amylases/glucoamylases. It has been previously shown that fabricated RS [alginate‐based star ...
DOI:
10.1002/mnfr.201801012

87. Reduction of viable Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis in slurry subjected to anaerobic digestion in biogas plants

Author:
K. Donat; S.W.F. Eisenberg; E. Einax; G. Reinhold; V. Zoche-Golob
Source:
Journal of dairy science 2019 v.102 no.7 pp. 6485-6494
ISSN:
0022-0302
Subject:
Bayesian theory; DNA; Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis; agricultural soils; anaerobic digestion; bacteria; biogas; cows; dairy farming; detection limit; farms; feces; fermentation; fertilizers; microbial load; models; organic wastes; paratuberculosis; pastures; probability; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; risk reduction; slurries
Abstract:
... Cattle infected with Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) shed the bacterium in their feces. This may lead to considerable concentrations of MAP in slurry, which has been postulated to contribute to MAP transmission when this slurry is used as fertilizer. For other bacterial species, anaerobic digestion has been shown to reduce bacterial load and to increase the safety of organic waste. ...
DOI:
10.3168/jds.2018-15937

88. Resistant starch reduces large intestinal pH and promotes fecal lactobacilli and bifidobacteria in pigs

Author:
B. U. Metzler-Zebeli; N. Canibe; L. Montagne; J. Freire; P. Bosi; J. A. M. Prates; S. Tanghe; P. Trevisi
Source:
Animal 2019 v.13 no.1 pp. 64-73
ISSN:
1751-732X
Subject:
Bifidobacterium; Lactobacillus; acetates; bacteria; butyrates; colon; digesta; digestibility; equations; feces; fermentation; hindgut; meta-analysis; metabolites; models; pH; prebiotics; propionic acid; resistant starch; secondary infection; short chain fatty acids; swine
Abstract:
... Dietary resistant starch (RS) may have prebiotic properties but its effects on fermentation and the microbial population are inconsistent. This meta-analysis aimed to quantify the relationship between RS type 2 (RS2) and intestinal short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and pH as well as certain key bacterial taxa for intestinal health in pigs. From the 24 included articles with sufficient information abo ...
DOI:
10.1017/S1751731118001003
PubMed:
29745350 29745350

89. Effects of dietary fibre and protein content on intestinal fibre degradation, short-chain fatty acid and microbiota composition in a high-fat fructose-rich diet induced obese Göttingen Minipig model

Author:
Yetong Xu; Mihai Victor Curtasu; Zachary Bendiks; Maria L. Marco; Natalja P. Nørskov; Knud Erik Bach Knudsen; Mette Skou Hedemann; Helle Nygaard Lærke
Source:
Food & function 2020 v.11 no.12 pp. 10758-10773
ISSN:
2042-650X
Subject:
Peptococcus; acetates; arabinoxylan; bacteria; butyrates; cecum; colon; degradation; design; dietary fiber; digesta; dysbiosis; feces; fermentation; high protein diet; intestinal microorganisms; jugular vein; low protein diet; metabolic syndrome; microbial ecology; miniature swine; models; obesity; prebiotics; propionic acid; protein content; short chain fatty acids; small intestine; succinic acid
Abstract:
... Obesity-related metabolic syndrome has been linked with gut microbiome dysbiosis while dietary fibre (DF) and protein can modify the gut microbial ecosystem and metabolism. After 20-weeks of high-fat fructose-rich diet feeding for the development of obesity, forty-three 30-week old Göttingen Minipigs (31 ± 4.0 kg body weight) were allocated to one of the four diets with low or high DF and protein ...
DOI:
10.1039/d0fo02252g

90. The effect of bound polyphenols on the fermentation and antioxidant properties of carrot dietary fiber in vivo and in vitro

Author:
Shuai Liu; Qiang Yu; Hairong Huang; Kunyou Hou; Ruihong Dong; Yi Chen; Jianhua Xie; Shaoping Nie; Mingyong Xie
Source:
Food & function 2020 v.11 no.1 pp. 748-758
ISSN:
2042-650X
Subject:
Bacteroidetes; Otus; antioxidant activity; bacteria; beneficial microorganisms; carrots; colon; dietary fiber; feces; fermentation; humans; mice; pH; polyphenols; sampling; sequence analysis; short chain fatty acids
Abstract:
... Growing attention has been paid to the importance of bound polyphenols in dietary fiber. This study aimed to elucidate the effect of bound polyphenols on the fermentation and antioxidant properties of carrot dietary fiber (CDF) in vivo and in vitro. Compared with CDF treatment, 16S rRNA pyrosequencing of in vivo mice feces and in vitro human fecal fermentation samples showed that dephenolized carr ...
DOI:
10.1039/c9fo02277e

91. Butyribacter intestini gen. nov., sp. nov., a butyric acid-producing bacterium of the family Lachnospiraceae isolated from human faeces, and reclassification of Acetivibrio ethanolgignens as Acetanaerobacter ethanolgignens gen. nov., comb. nov

Author:
Yuanqiang Zou; Wenbin Xue; Xiaoqian Lin; Mei Lv; Guangwen Luo; Ying Dai; Haipeng Sun; Shao-wei Liu; Cheng-hang Sun; Tongyuan Hu; Liang Xiao
Source:
Systematic and applied microbiology 2021 v.44 no.3 pp. 126201
ISSN:
0723-2020
Subject:
Acetivibrio; Lachnospiraceae; Roseburia intestinalis; acetic acid; amino acids; bacteria; biosynthesis; butyric acid; feces; fermentation; genes; glucose; humans; new genus; nucleotide sequences; pH; phenotype; phylogeny; polyamines; sequence homology; taxonomic revisions; temperature
Abstract:
... A novel, non-motile, Gram-stain-positive, non-spore-forming, obligate anaerobic bacterium, designated strain TF01-11ᵀ, was isolated from human faeces. The isolate was characterized by phylogenetic and phenotypic properties, as well as by determination of its whole genome sequence. The growth temperature and pH ranges were 30–42 °C and 6.0–8.5, respectively. The end products of glucose fermentation ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.syapm.2021.126201

92. Effects of chitooligosaccharides on the rebalance of gut microorganisms and their metabolites in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Author:
Xiaoguo Ji; Mai Chen; Mengyao Zhao; Yudong Song; Yong Lin; Hao Yin; Liming Zhao
Source:
Journal of functional foods 2021 v.77 pp. 104333
ISSN:
1756-4646
Subject:
Actinobacteria; Bacteroidetes; Clostridium; Enterococcus; Fusobacterium; acetophenones; antibiotics; bacteria; biomarkers; biosynthesis; butyric acid; chitooligosaccharides; cholic acid; deoxycholic acid; digestive system; docosahexaenoic acid; fatty liver; feces; fermentation; flora; functional foods; glutamic acid; hypoxanthine; intestinal microorganisms; metabolites; microbial communities; patients; probiotics; proline; propionic acid; sampling; xanthine
Abstract:
... Chitobiose (OC)and chitotriose (TOC)were used to simulate the in vitro fermentation of feces samples from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients to evaluate their effects on gut microorganisms and metabolites. The results indicated that OC and TOC shifted the gut microbial community of NAFLD patients to that of healthy volunteers. Specifically, OC and TOC increased the relative abundanc ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jff.2020.104333

93. Probable role of Cutibacterium acnes in the gut of the polychaete Capitella teleta

Author:
Jeonghwan Jang; Valery E. Forbes; Michael J. Sadowsky
Source:
Science of the total environment 2022 v.809 pp. 151127
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
Capitella teleta; antibiotics; bacteria; chemistry; clones; diet; digestive system; environment; feces; fermentation; intestinal microorganisms; metabolites; opportunistic pathogens; phylotype; propionic acid; reproduction; sediments; symbionts; Europe
Abstract:
... Capitella teleta, a marine polychaete that feeds on a refractory diet consisting of sediment, was shown to contain unique gut microbiota comprised of microbial functional groups involved in fermentation. Results of our previous studies showed that C. teleta's core gut microbiota were dominated by propionibacteria, and that these bacteria were more abundant in worms than in sediment and feces. In o ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151127