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1. Risks associated with the environmental release of pharmaceuticals on the U.S. Food and Drug Administration “flush list”

Author:
Khan, Usman; Bloom, Raanan A.; Nicell, James A.; Laurenson, James P.
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2017 v.609 pp. 1023-1040
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
Food and Drug Administration; drugs; effluents; fish; human health; ingestion; ingredients; risk; wastewater; United States
Abstract:
... A select few prescription drugs can be especially harmful and, in some cases, fatal with just one dose when not used as prescribed. Therefore, the U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommends that expired, unwanted, or otherwise unused portions of most of these drugs be disposed of quickly through a take-back program. If such an option is not readily available, FDA recommends that they be f ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.269

2. Mythbusters: What's Real and What's Not When It Comes to Fish Drugs

Author:
Bowker, James D.; Trushenski, Jesse T.
Source:
North American journal of aquaculture 2015 v.77 no.3 pp. 358-366
ISSN:
1548-8454
Subject:
Food and Drug Administration; biologists; breeding stock; disease control; drugs; effluents; expert opinion; fish; fish culture; fisheries; hatcheries; human health; human resources; humans; professionals; progeny; spawning; United States
Abstract:
... Successful fish culture programs take a comprehensive approach to disease management, broodstock conditioning and spawning, marking progeny, and reducing handling stress. Occasionally, drugs are needed to facilitate these tasks, and the only drugs legally available are those that have been approved for such use by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. A lack of understanding of the approval proce ...
DOI:
10.1080/15222055.2015.1037474

3. U.S. regulatory framework for genetic biocontrol of invasive fish

Author:
Otts, Stephanie Showalter
Source:
Biological invasions 2014 v.16 no.6 pp. 1289-1298
ISSN:
1387-3547
Subject:
wildlife; genetically modified organisms; recombinant DNA; humans; Food and Drug Administration; biological control agents; drugs; introduced species; ribosomal DNA; plant pests; genetic engineering; fish; invasive species; hatcheries; biological control; United States
Abstract:
... This paper provides an overview of the U.S. regulatory framework governing genetic biocontrol efforts for invasive fish. Genetic biocontrol refers to the intentional release of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) into the environment to control a target population of a non-native species. The terms “genetically modified” and “genetically engineered” are often used interchangeably, despite the sc ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10530-012-0327-5

4. Conotoxin truncation as a post-translational modification to increase the pharmacological diversity within the milked venom of Conus magus

Author:
Kapono, Clifford A.; Thapa, Parashar; Cabalteja, Chino C.; Guendisch, Daniela; Collier, Abby C.; Bingham, Jon-Paul
Source:
Toxicon 2013 v.70 pp. 170-178
ISSN:
0041-0101
Subject:
Food and Drug Administration; Torpedo; arginine; drugs; fish; lethal dose 50; molecular weight; post-translational modification; snails; venoms; United States
Abstract:
... Milked venoms of Conus demonstrate direct lineage to US Food and Drug Administration approved and present in-trial drug leads. Yet the complexity of the milked venom has not been adequately investigated or characterized, in a sustainable manner. In this study we determine the extent of molecular mass differentiation in milked venom from captive Conus magus and confirm the expression of known conot ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.04.022