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1. Identification by Life Cycle Assessment of the critical stage in the catalytic synthesis of nopol using heterogeneous catalysis

Author:
Gallego-Villada, Luis A.; Hasenstab, Christian; Alarcón, Edwin A.; Villa, Aída Luz
Source:
Sustainable Production and Consumption 2021 v.27 pp. 23-34
ISSN:
2352-5509
Subject:
active pharmaceutical ingredients; agricultural land; agrochemicals; alcohols; beta-pinene; carbon footprint; catalytic activity; climate change; computer software; databases; distillation; drugs; ecosystem services; environmental impact; ethyl acetate; fossils; heat exchangers; household products; industry; life cycle impact assessment; life cycle inventory; mineral resources; odors; raw materials; solvents
Abstract:
... Nopol is a fine chemical obtained from Prins reaction between β-pinene that is a pine derivative and paraformaldehyde; this alcohol has several applications in the aromas and fragrances industry, agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals and household products. The current knowledge gap with this contribution is evaluate the environmental impacts of nopol synthesis by two alternative processes using the Life ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.spc.2020.10.017

2. Carbon efficient smart charging using forecasts of marginal emission factors

Author:
Huber, Julian; Lohmann, Kai; Schmidt, Marc; Weinhardt, Christof
Source:
Journal of cleaner production 2021 v.284 pp. 124766
ISSN:
0959-6526
Subject:
algorithms; behavior; carbon; carbon dioxide; electricity generation; emissions; emissions factor; fossils; internal combustion engines; methodology; misinformation; power generation; power plants; prediction; regression analysis; vehicles (equipment); Germany
Abstract:
... Battery electric vehicles do not emit CO₂ from an internal combustion engine but can cause emissions while charging electricity generated by remote fossil power plants. Smart charging offers the possibility to reduce carbon dioxide emissions (CO₂) by shifting the charging sessions to moments with lower emissions in power generation. However, this requires the battery electric vehicle user to accep ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124766

3. Evaluation of the environmental performance of bioethanol from cassava pulp using life cycle assessment

Author:
Rewlay-ngoen, Chantima; Papong, Seksan; Onbhuddha, Ruethai; Thanomnim, Benjamaporn
Source:
Journal of cleaner production 2021 v.284 pp. 124741
ISSN:
0959-6526
Subject:
acidification; administrative management; bioethanol; biogas; cassava; climate change; economic valuation; environmental impact; environmental performance; ethanol; eutrophication; fossils; freshwater; fuel oils; gasoline; greenhouse gases; humans; life cycle assessment; oxidation; photochemistry; pulp; steam; toxicity; value added
Abstract:
... Bioethanol from cassava pulp is a value-added alternative for cassava pulp management and reduces the environmental impact of cassava processing. Using life cycle assessment, this study aims to evaluate the environmental performance of ethanol produced from cassava pulp and it’s use as transport fuel. The results showed that the best-case scenario is the ethanol factory that fully utilizes a bioga ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124741

4. Middle Permian trace fossil assemblages from the Carnarvon Basin of Western Australia: Implications for the evolution of ichnofaunas in wave-dominated siliciclastic shoreface settings across the Permian-Triassic boundary

Author:
Feng, Xueqian; Chen, Zhong-Qiang; Zhao, Laishi; Lan, Zhongwu
Source:
Global and planetary change 2021 v.197 pp. 103392
ISSN:
0921-8181
Subject:
Guadalupian epoch; Triassic period; animals; basins; benthic organisms; burrows; databases; extinction; fossils; habitats; marine environment; sandstone; Western Australia
Abstract:
... Guadalupian (middle Permian) ichnoassemblages are described from the Mungadan Sandstone Formation (Kennedy Group), Merlinleigh sub-basin, Carnarvon Basin of Western Australia. In this formation, we recognize five facies (pebbly sandstone, intensely bioturbated sandstone, medium- to coarse-grained cross-stratified sandstone, fine-grained sandstone, and planar laminated siltstone), assigned to two f ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.gloplacha.2020.103392

5. Phylomitogenomics provides new perspectives on the Euphasmatodea radiation (Insecta: Phasmatodea)

Author:
Forni, Giobbe; Plazzi, Federico; Cussigh, Alex; Conle, Oskar; Hennemann, Frank; Luchetti, Andrea; Mantovani, Barbara
Source:
Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 2021 v.155 pp. 106983
ISSN:
1055-7903
Subject:
Bayesian theory; Phasmida; evolutionary radiation; extinction; fossils; mitochondrial genome; phylogeny; species diversity; transcriptomics
Abstract:
... Phasmatodea species diversity lies almost entirely within its suborder Euphasmatodea, which exhibits a pantropical distribution and is considered to derive from a recent and rapid evolutionary radiation. To shed light on Euphasmatodea origins and diversification, we assembled the mitogenomes of 17 species from transcriptomic sequencing data and analysed them along with 22 already available Phasmat ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106983

6. Reconstructing development of the earliest seed integuments raises a new hypothesis for the evolution of ancestral seed‐bearing structures

Author:
Meade, Luke E.; Plackett, Andrew R. G.; Hilton, Jason
Source:
Thenew phytologist 2021 v.229 no.3 pp. 1782-1794
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
Carboniferous period; Spermatophytina; evolution; flowering; flowers; fossils; genetics; integument; nucellus; pollen; quantitative analysis; seed development; seeds; shoots
Abstract:
... How plant seeds originated remains unresolved, in part due to disconnects between fossil intermediates and developmental genetics in extant species. The Carboniferous fossil Genomosperma is considered among the most primitive known seeds, with highly lobed integument and exposed nucellus. We have used this key fossil taxon to investigate the evolutionary origins of seed development. We examined se ...
DOI:
10.1111/nph.16792

7. Life cycle assessment of mulch use on Okanagan apple orchards: Part 2 - Consequential

Author:
Bamber, Nicole; Jones, Melanie; Nelson, Louise; Hannam, Kirsten; Nichol, Craig; Pelletier, Nathan
Source:
Journal of cleaner production 2021 v.280 pp. 125022
ISSN:
0959-6526
Subject:
acidification; apples; bark; bark mulches; bioenergy; biomass; chemical elements; climate change; consequential life cycle assessment; data quality; ecotoxicology; electricity; emissions; energy; environmental impact; eutrophication; fossils; freshwater; greenhouse gases; heat; humans; land use; markets; models; natural gas; orchards; oxidation; ozonosphere; paper; papermaking; photochemistry; recycled paper; solar energy; toxicity; uncertainty; variability; wind; wood; British Columbia
Abstract:
... Wood and bark chip mulch has been shown to reduce net orchard greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions on an Okanagan Valley (British Columbia, Canada) apple orchard. However, this benefit was shown to be outweighed by the (attributional) life cycle impacts associated with mulch production. The current study expanded the scope of prior investigations to perform a consequential life cycle assessment of the i ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.125022

8. Assessment of different screening methods for selecting palaeontological bone samples for peptide sequencing

Author:
Presslee, Samantha; Penkman, Kirsty; Fischer, Roman; Richards-Slidel, Eden; Southon, John; Hospitaleche, Carolina Acosta; Collins, Matthew; MacPhee, Ross
Source:
Journal of proteomics 2021 v.230 pp. 103986
ISSN:
1874-3919
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; amino acid sequences; amino acids; environmental factors; fossils; matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization mass spectrometry; mineralization; peptides; phylogeny; prediction; protein degradation; proteins; proteomics; screening
Abstract:
... Ancient proteomics is being applied to samples dating further and further back in time, with many palaeontological specimens providing protein sequence data for phylogenetic analysis as well as protein degradation studies. However, fossils are a precious material and proteomic analysis is destructive and costly. In this paper we consider three different techniques (ATR-FTIR, MALDI-ToF MS and chira ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jprot.2020.103986

9. Leaf physiognomy records the Miocene intensification of the South Asia Monsoon

Author:
Bhatia, Harshita; Srivastava, Gaurav; Spicer, R.A.; Farnsworth, Alex; Spicer, T.E.V.; Mehrotra, R.C.; Paudayal, Khum N.; Valdes, Paul
Source:
Global and planetary change 2021 v.196 pp. 103365
ISSN:
0921-8181
Subject:
General Circulation Models; Magnoliopsida; Miocene epoch; climatic factors; fossils; leaf analysis; leaves; marine sediments; meteorological data; monsoon season; China; Himalayan region; South Asia
Abstract:
... Our understanding regarding the onset and development of the modern South Asia monsoon (SAM) is still incomplete due to its complex nature and differing views about its relationship with major orographic features such as the Himalaya and Tibetan Plateau. Climate data derived from some terrestrial and marine sediments from the Neogene suggests the onset and intensification of the SAM to a near-mode ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.gloplacha.2020.103365

10. Reconstruction of the Silurian to Devonian stratigraphic succession along the northeastern margin of the Junggar block, Xinjiang, NW China, and its tectono-paleogeographic implications for the southwestern Central Asian Orogenic Belt

Author:
Zhang, Meng; Wang, Guocan; Zhang, Xionghua; Liao, Qun’an; Wang, Wei; Guo, Ruilu; Zhang, Pan
Source:
Sedimentary geology 2021 v.411 pp. 105780
ISSN:
0037-0738
Subject:
Devonian period; Ordovician period; Silurian period; basins; fossils; provenance; sediments; subduction; tectonics; zircon; China
Abstract:
... The Paleozoic sediments on micro-blocks in the southwestern Central Asian Orogenic Belt record the tectonic evolution of the Paleo-Asian Ocean and accretionary processes of the south Siberian Craton. However, the absence of detailed stratigraphic studies and sedimentary basin analyses has led to disputes on Paleozoic arc-basin relationships and the tectonic evolution of the Junggar block and East ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.sedgeo.2020.105780

11. Short-lived early Cenomanian volcanic atolls of Mt. Carmel, northern Israel

Author:
Bialik, Or M.; Samankassou, Elias; Meilijson, Aaron; Waldmann, Nicolas D.; Steinberg, Josh; Karcz, Kul; Makovsky, Yizhaq
Source:
Sedimentary geology 2021 v.411 pp. 105805
ISSN:
0037-0738
Subject:
Bivalvia; Cenomanian age; Chlorophyta; Gastropoda; atolls; carbonates; corals; fossils; marine ecosystems; mudstone; nutrient excess; oceans; oysters; sea level; turbidity; Israel
Abstract:
... Volcanic atolls host exceptionally important marine ecosystems in the modern oceans. Yet, due to limited exposures, fossil atolls are poorly constrained. Multiple drowned Cretaceous volcanic atolls have been reported in the Pacific, but less information exists regarding those in the Tethys. Here we report on two early Cenomanian age volcanic atolls outcropping in Mt. Carmel (northern Israel), alon ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.sedgeo.2020.105805

12. The tracheal system of scutigeromorph centipedes and the evolution of respiratory systems of myriapods

Author:
Hilken, Gero; Rosenberg, Jörg; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Blüml, Valentin; Hammel, Jörg U.; Hasenberg, Anja; Sombke, Andy
Source:
Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.60 pp. 101006
ISSN:
1467-8039
Subject:
Scutigera coleoptrata; arthropods; branching; evolution; fossils; hemocyanin; interspecific variation; light; micro-computed tomography; microscopy; oxygen; shape; spiracles; width
Abstract:
... The tracheal system of scutigeromorph centipedes (Chilopoda) is special, as it consists of dorsally arranged unpaired spiracles. In this study, we investigate the tracheal systems of five different scutigeromorph species. They are strikingly similar to each other but depict unique characters compared to the tracheal systems of pleurostigmophoran centipedes, which has engendered an ongoing debate o ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.asd.2020.101006

13. The Clicking Elateroidea from Chinese Mesozoic Deposits (Insecta, Coleoptera)

Author:
Muona, Jyrki; Chang, Huali; Ren, Dong
Source:
Insects 2020 v.11 no.12
ISSN:
2075-4450
Subject:
Cretaceous period; Elateridae; Jurassic period; age; fossils; insects; new combination; synapomorphy
Abstract:
... Recent molecular studies have suggested that the clicking beetle families Elateridae, Eucnemidae, Throscidae, and Cerophytidae evolved in the Jurassic and diversified in the Cretaceous. These studies paid little attention to fossils, using them only as dating tools. The identification of Elateridae fossils is challenging, as external synapomorphies are not known for this family. Elateridae can be ...
DOI:
10.3390/insects11120875

14. African elephant bones modified by carnivores: Implications for interpreting fossil proboscidean assemblages

Author:
Haynes, Gary; Hutson, Jarod
Source:
Journal of archaeological science: Reports 2020 v.34 pp. 102596
ISSN:
2352-409X
Subject:
Loxodonta africana; archaeology; bones; carnivores; fossils; teeth
Abstract:
... Carcasses of African savanna elephants (Loxodonta africana africana) are affected by large and small carnivores which mark, move, break, and subtract bones. Bone-gnawing scavengers modify proboscidean carcasses and individual bones in patterned sequences. We summarize how scavengers modify major skeletal elements in stages which may reflect the extent of carcass utilization. The stages of modifica ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jasrep.2020.102596

15. A Socio-economic Indicator for EoL Strategies for Bio-based Products

Author:
D'Adamo, Idiano; Falcone, Pasquale Marcello; Imbert, Enrica; Morone, Piergiuseppe
Source:
Ecological economics 2020 v.178 pp. 106794
ISSN:
0921-8009
Subject:
administrative management; biobased products; bioeconomics; decision support systems; ecological economics; exhibitions; experts; food packaging; fossils; information; issues and policy; models; new markets; paper; polylactic acid; recycled materials; recycling; socioeconomics; stakeholders; supply chain; waste disposal
Abstract:
... In recent years, the bioeconomy has received increased attention from policy makers and practitioners, leading to a first switch from fossil to bio-based products. To open up new market opportunities, transparent information on the sustainability of bio-based products must be provided, taking into account all life cycle stages. The determination of suitable end of life (EoL) strategies furthers th ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecolecon.2020.106794

16. Assessing anoxia, recovery and carbonate production setback in a hemipelagic Tethyan basin during the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event (Western Carpathians)

Author:
Müller, Tamás; Karancz, Szabina; Mattioli, Emanuela; Milovský, Rastislav; Pálfy, József; Schlögl, Jan; Segit, Tomasz; Šimo, Vladimír; Tomašových, Adam
Source:
Global and planetary change 2020 v.195 pp. 103366
ISSN:
0921-8181
Subject:
Pliensbachian age; Toarcian age; basins; bioturbation; calcification; calcium carbonate; carbon; fossils; hypoxia; oxygen; sea level; shale; stable isotopes; starvation; temperature; Carpathian region; Slovakia
Abstract:
... The chemostratigraphic record of the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event (T-OAE) is generally well documented in epicontinental basins; however, the duration of anoxia and recovery remains poorly constrained in the Tethys Ocean owing to limited stratigraphic resolution of oceanic sections with hiatuses. In this paper, we describe a relatively continuous hemipelagic record in the Central Western Carpathi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.gloplacha.2020.103366

17. Automatic identification of fossils and abiotic grains during carbonate microfacies analysis using deep convolutional neural networks

Author:
Liu, Xiaokang; Song, Haijun
Source:
Sedimentary geology 2020 v.410 pp. 105790
ISSN:
0037-0738
Subject:
Bivalvia; Ostracoda; artificial intelligence; carbonates; computer vision; data collection; dolomite; fossils; morphs; neural networks; paleoecology; pyrite
Abstract:
... Petrographic analysis based on microfacies identification in thin sections is widely used in sedimentary environment interpretation and paleoecological reconstruction. Fossil recognition from microfacies is an essential procedure for petrographers to complete this task. Distinguishing the morphological and microstructural diversity of skeletal fragments requires extensive prior knowledge of fossil ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.sedgeo.2020.105790

18. Effects of fossil shell flour supplementation on heat tolerance of dohne merino rams

Author:
Mwanda, Lwazi; Ikusika, Olusegun O; Mpendulo, Conference T; Okoh, Anthony I
Source:
Veterinary and Animal Science 2020 v.10 pp. 100133
ISSN:
2451-943X
Subject:
Merino; blood glucose; blood sampling; body temperature; cell respiration; decline; design; diet; erythrocytes; feed intake; flour; fossils; heart rate; heat stress; heat tolerance; hemoglobin; rams; skin temperature; volume; water
Abstract:
... This study evaluated the effects of fossil shell flour (FSF) supplementation on heat tolerance of Dohne Merino sheep. Twenty-four (n = 24) Dohne Merino rams of about 4 months old, weighing 22.3 ± 0.43 kg were confined in individual pens using complete randomized design for a period of 100 days. The rams were subjected to four varying inclusion levels of fossil shell flour (0 g/kg, 20 g/kg, 40 g/kg ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vas.2020.100133

19. Facies and implications of a coarse-grained lacustrine onshore paleo-tsunamiite: An integrated study of an upper Miocene bouldery cobble gravel

Author:
Sztanó, Orsolya; Budai, Soma; Magyar, Imre; Csillag, Gábor; Nadrai, Judit; Fodor, László
Source:
Global and planetary change 2020 v.195 pp. 103321
ISSN:
0921-8181
Subject:
Cretaceous period; Miocene epoch; Ostracoda; basins; climate; dipping; earthquakes; fossils; geophysics; gravel; lakes; palaeogeography; sand; sandstone; shell (molluscs); storms; tectonics; tsunamis; volcanic activity; Hungary
Abstract:
... Gravelly tsunami event beds are well known from some contemporary shores, but they are far less known from the pre-Quaternary depositional record. Lacustrine examples are particularly exceptional. Here we present multidisciplinary evidence for a lacustrine cobble to boulder gravel deposited as an onshore paleo-tsunamiite and discuss features that help to identify the depositional setting. The depo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.gloplacha.2020.103321

20. Global climate changes account for the main trends of conodont diversity but not for their final demise

Author:
Ginot, Samuel; Goudemand, Nicolas
Source:
Global and planetary change 2020 v.195 pp. 103325
ISSN:
0921-8181
Subject:
Cambrian period; Ordovician period; Pennsylvanian period; Permian period; Triassic period; biotic factors; climate change; continental shelf; data collection; databases; extinction; fossils; glaciation; ice; sea level; temperature; vertebrates
Abstract:
... Conodonts, one of the longest-lived early groups of vertebrates, have a very complete fossil record ranging from the late Cambrian to the end of the Triassic and persisted through many global climatic and biotic events. In this paper, we analyse a large dataset harvested from the Paleobiology Database to compute global diversity curves at the generic level and explore patterns of conodont paleogeo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.gloplacha.2020.103325