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1. A phytophthora rot of pears and apples

Author:
H. WORMALD
Source:
Annals of applied biology 1919 v.6 no.2 pp. 89-100
ISSN:
0003-4746
Subject:
Phytophthora cactorum; discoloration; fruits; fungi; mycelium; sporangia; trees
Abstract:
... In wet seasons Phytophthora Cactorum (Lebert et Cohn) Schröer sometimes produces a rot of apples and pears in this country, causing the fruit to fall. The rot in pears is characterized by a dark brown discoloration of the affected tissues accompanied by the appearance, at the surface, of clusters of sporangia, seen with the naked eye as glistening particles. In apples the discoloration is paler an ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1744-7348.1919.tb06460.x

2. Weight and Nitrogen and Calcium Content of the Annual Litter Fall of Forests in the South Carolina Piedmont

Author:
Louis J. Metz
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1952 v.16 no.1 pp. 38-41
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Pinus echinata; Pinus taeda; bark; branches; calcium; forest litter; forest stands; foresters; fruits; hardwood; hardwood forests; leaf abscission; leaves; magnesium; nitrogen; nutrient content; nutrients; piedmont; soil quality; trees; South Carolina
Abstract:
... The annual fall of litter was measured in stands of pine, mixed pine-hardwood, and hardwood in the South Carolina Piedmont. The total amount of litter (including twigs, bark, and fruit) dropped annually ranged from 4,059 to 5,619 pounds per acre on an oven-dry basis. Considering leaf fall alone, the annual drop ranged from 2,938 pounds in a 30- to 40-year old stand of shortleaf pine to 4,476 in a ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1952.03615995001600010012x

3. Absorption of Rubidium by Plants from Solution and Soils

Author:
W. S. Murphy; A. H. Hunter; P. F. Pratt
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1955 v.19 no.4 pp. 433-435
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Zea mays; absorption; ammonium acetate; beans; corn; fruit growing; fruits; nitric acid; potassium; rubidium; sand; soil
Abstract:
... The absorption by plants of Rb from soils and sand was measured. The Rb was added to the soil as RbCl, and in the sand culture various ratios of K to Rb were used. Corn was grown in the soils and the distribution in the plant and the soil determined. Beans were grown in the culture solutions, and the distribution of K and Rb measured in the various plant parts. The percent recovery of Rb by the co ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1955.03615995001900040010x

4. Effect of Nutrient Deficiencies on Growth and Fruiting Characteristics of Peanuts in Sand Cultures

Author:
P. H. Reid; E. T. York
Source:
Agronomy journal 1958 v.50 no.2 pp. 63-67
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
agronomy; boron; calcium; copper; fruits; iron; magnesium; manganese; molybdenum; phosphorus; potassium; sand; sulfur; zinc
Abstract:
... SynopsisNitrogen, calcium, magnesium, boron and sulfur deficiencies appeared rapidly after the respective elements were withheld from the culture solution. Phosphorus, potassium, manganese, iron, copper, zinc and molybdenum supplied early in the season were sufficient to complete the life cycle although growth and fruit formation were reduced. ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1958.00021962005000020002x

5. Relation between growth pattern and resistance to aphis fabae scopoli in three varieties of field bean (vicia faba l.)

Author:
TAMBS-LYCHE, H.; KENNEDY, J.S.
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 1958 v.1 no.3 pp. 225-239
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
Acyrthosiphon pisum; Aphis fabae; Vicia faba; beans; crop yield; flowers; fruits; leaves; nutrition; phloem; plant growth; sap; shoots; spraying
Abstract:
... Three varieties of Field (Spring) Bean were compared in a small plot trial: Rastatt (known to be relatively resistant to Aphis fabae), Schlanstedt (very susceptible) and an English Tick Bean. Records were kept of the growth of the plants and of the day-to-day incidence of winged Aphis fabae and Acyrthosiphon pisum, with periodic aphicidal spraying to minimize damage to the plants. Schlanstedt was ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1570-7458.1958.tb00026.x

6. Maintaining High Soil Nutrient Levels for Greenhouse Tomatoes Without Excess Salt Accumulation

Author:
R. E. Lucas; S. H. Wittwer; F. G. Teubner
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1960 v.24 no.3 pp. 214-218
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
ammonium nitrate; fertilizers; fruits; greenhouses; growers; growing season; nitrate nitrogen; nitrogen; nutrient content; phosphorus; phosphorus pentoxide; potassium; potassium dihydrogen phosphate; potassium nitrate; soil; soil nutrients; soluble salts; tomatoes; Michigan
Abstract:
... Experimental and commercial plantings of greenhouse tomatoes received supplemental fertilizers in the form of KH₂PO₄, (NH₄)₂HPO₄, KNO₃ and NH₄NO₃ in quantities greater than normally applied. Monthly changes in soil nutrient levels and soluble salt contents were determined and crop behavior observed. A total of 2,922 pounds of nitrogen, 3,054 pounds of P₂O₅, and 4,662 pounds of K₂O per acre were ap ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1960.03615995002400030026x

7. Effect of Time and Rate of Fertilizer Application on Yield and Seed-Size of Jumbo Runner Peanuts

Author:
D. I. Hallock
Source:
Agronomy journal 1962 v.54 no.5 pp. 428-430
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
corn; crop rotation; crops; fertilizer rates; fertilizers; fruits; peanuts; sand; seed size; seeds
Abstract:
... SynopsisPeanut fruits contained more large seeds when all fertilizer was applied to the corn in a 2-year rotation rather than applied equally between crops. On both Galestown fine sand and Woodstown loamy fine sand, fruit drop-off was higher on plots fertilized the same year peanuts were grown. At the Galestown site, fruit drop-off was greater on the fertilized than on the check plots. There was n ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1962.00021962005400050017x

8. A Model of Economic Development for Peasant Farms in Southern Italy

Author:
Gerald W. Dean; Michele De Benedictis
Source:
American journal of agricultural economics 1964 v.46 no.2 pp. 295-312
ISSN:
0002-9092
Subject:
assets; capital; economic development; farmers; farms; fruits; grants; irrigation; land reform; linear programming; loans; models; orchards; peasantry; risk; vegetable growing; Italy
Abstract:
... This study uses dynamic linear programming to derive normative development plans through time for small land reform farms in the newly irrigated Metaponto plain of southern Italy. The analysis indicates great potential for internal savings and investment by peasant families and therefore rapid development possibilities for intensive fruit and vegetable cultivation. However, a risk discount of only ...
DOI:
10.2307/1236536

9. Dormancy and Germination in Alpine Carex from the Colorado Front Range

Author:
Ralph D. Amen; Erik K. Bonde
Source:
Ecology 1964 v.45 no.4 pp. 881-884
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Carex; dormancy; fluorescence; fruits; leaching; plant growth substances; red light; seed germination; Colorado
Abstract:
... The nature of achene dormancy was studied in two species of alpine sedges, Carex albonigra and C. ebenea, from the Rollins Pass area of the Colorado Front Range. Germination response of achenes was determined under various treatments, including stratification, scarification, leaching, extraction, exposure to light, and application of various plant growth regulators. Two distinctly different requir ...
DOI:
10.2307/1934941

10. Life history of Asphondylia ilicicola (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), a pest of American holly

Author:
Highland, H.A.
Source:
Journal of economic entomology 1964 v.57 no.1 pp. 81-83
ISSN:
0022-0493
Subject:
life cycle (organisms); Ilex opaca; crop damage; Asphondylia; developmental stages; fungi; oviposition; birds; Eurytomidae; parasites; predators; Maryland
DOI:
10.1093/jee/57.1.81

11. Effects of Climatic Factors on Fruit Volume Increase and Leaf Water Deficit of Citrus in Relation to Soil Suction

Author:
P. B. Lombard; L. H. Stolzy; M. J. Garber; T. E. Szuszkiewicz
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1965 v.29 no.2 pp. 205-208
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Citrus sinensis; climatic factors; evaporation; factor analysis; fruit trees; fruits; irrigation; leaves; rhizosphere; roots; soil; tensiometers; transpiration
Abstract:
... The primary factors affecting the rate of fruit volume increase and leaf water deficit of navel orange trees were investigated under two irrigation treatments. One treatment was applied when tensiometers in the major root zone indicated 20 cbar soil suction and the other treatment was applied at 100 cbar soil suction. The correlations between either fruit volume increase or leaf water deficit and ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1965.03615995002900020027x

12. Effects of Irrigation and Phosphorus on Production of Field Tomatoes

Author:
Glen H. Cannell; F. T. Bingham; C. W. Asbell
Source:
Agronomy journal 1965 v.57 no.2 pp. 176-179
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
agronomy; fruit size; fruits; irrigation; phosphorus; soil water
Abstract:
... SynopsisIn irrigation-phosphorus studies the highest fruit yields were associated with a medium moisture treatment and adequate phosphorus. Fruit size, rot, and set were significantly affected by soil moisture treatments but were not significantly, influenced by P levels. ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1965.00021962005700020013x

13. Fruiting and Growth Characteristics of Cotton in Relation to Soil Moisture Tension

Author:
R. R. Bruce; M. J. M. Römkens
Source:
Agronomy journal 1965 v.57 no.2 pp. 135-140
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
abscission; agronomy; cotton; fruits; plant height; soil water
Abstract:
... SynopsisSquare initiation was reduced by increased tension limit and was directly related to plant height increase prior to 4 weeks past first bloom. Associated with the greater square production of treatments at low tension all season was a greater number of squares shed. Bloom production was also progressively reduced by increasing the tension limit. Prior to maximum fruit load square and post-b ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1965.00021962005700020003x

14. Relation of Cotton Leaf Area Index to Plant Growth and Fruiting

Author:
D. A. Ashley; B. D. Doss; O. L. Bennett
Source:
Agronomy journal 1965 v.57 no.1 pp. 61-64
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
agronomy; fruits; leaf area index; seed cotton; vegetative growth
Abstract:
... SynopsisLAI reached 1.0 approximately 6 to 8 weeks after emergence. It increased rapidly from 1.0 to 5.0 during the ensuing 6-week period. The relationships between LAI and plant fruiting indicate that formation of new fruit was dependent on concurrent vegetative growth until LAI reached 5.0. Yields of seed cotton increased with an increase in size of plants in early season. ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1965.00021962005700010020x

15. Use of Miniature Glass Rod Dosimeters in Radiation Ecology

Author:
Stephen V. Kaye
Source:
Ecology 1965 v.46 no.1-2 pp. 201-206
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Quercus alba; Sigmodon; absorbed dose; air; ecology; energy; fruits; gamma radiation; glass; lakes; photons; radionuclides; silver; soil; water table; wildlife
Abstract:
... A system is discussed for radiation dose measurements in ecological studies with 1 x 6 mm silver—activated metaphosphate glass rods. The miniature size of the dosimeters, their low cost, simplicity of use, and wide range of sensitivity make them especially well suited for use in radiation ecology. The system measures radiation dose by the principle of radiophotoluminescence, whereby ionizing radia ...
DOI:
10.2307/1935276

16. Effect of Imbalance of Boron Nutrition on the Peanut

Author:
Henry C. Harris; John B. Brolmann
Source:
Agronomy journal 1966 v.58 no.1 pp. 97-99
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; NPK fertilizers; agronomy; boron; flowers; fruits; ion exchange; nutrition; peanuts; roots; sand; soil
Abstract:
... The ‘Florigiant’ variety of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) was grown 2 years in pot cultures on Lakeland fine sand, a soil deficient in boron, to determine the effects of imbalanced boron nutrition on peanuts. Variations in fertilization were: no treatment, complete fertilizer and lime treatment including the micronutrients, and the same as the latter except without boron. The containers were low-bo ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1966.00021962005800010033x

17. Germination and Growth of Some Semidesert Grassland Species Treated with Aqueous Extract from Creosotebush

Author:
Duane Knipe; Carlton H. Herbel
Source:
Ecology 1966 v.47 no.5 pp. 775-781
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
grasslands; plumule; germination; fruits; soil crusts; carpels; Larrea tridentata; pH; Muhlenbergia; field capacity; infiltration rate; branches; nutrient solutions; Bouteloua eriopoda; roots; leaves
Abstract:
... The effects of aqueous extracts from creosotebush (Larrea tridentata) material on germination and initial growth of black grama (Boutelous eriopoda), bush muhly (Muhlenbergia porteri), and creosotebush were studied. There was no apparent difference among extracts obtained from the various creosotebush plant parts. An aqueous extract from leaves and twigs significantly reduced germination of black ...
DOI:
10.2307/1934264

18. Heterosis in Relation to Development in Upland Cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L.

Author:
Hassan El-Sayed Galal; P. A. Miller; J. A. Lee
Source:
Crop science 1966 v.6 no.6 pp. 555-559
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Gossypium hirsutum; developmental stages; dry matter accumulation; fruits; germination; heterosis; hybrids; longevity; seedling growth
Abstract:
... The primary objective was to examine hybrids and their parents throughout their life span to detect the onset of heterotic behavior and its cumulative effect. Four single-cross hybrids of Upland cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., and their parents were studied. No heterotic effects were detected during the embryonic stage of development. Neither did hybrids appear to be any more vigorous than their pa ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1966.0011183X000600060016x

19. Influence of Stand Geometry on Light Interception and Net Photosynthesis in Cotton

Author:
Donald N. Baker; Raymond E. Meyer
Source:
Crop science 1966 v.6 no.1 pp. 15-19
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
cotton; fruits; geometry; leaf area index; leaves; photosynthesis; planting; prediction; rowcrops; solar energy
Abstract:
... The following geometric variables interact to determine the nature of shade patterns in row crops: solar altitude, the angle of the row with respect to the solar azimuth, plant size and planting pattern. Great change during the day was observed in the relative percent interception in all stands when the crop was young. In the early morning and late afternoon NS rows intercepted more light than EW ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1966.0011183X000600010004x

20. Flowering and Fruiting in the White Oaks. Pistillate Flowering, Acorn Development, Weather, and Yields

Author:
Ward M. Sharp; Vance G. Sprague
Source:
Ecology 1967 v.48 no.2 pp. 243-251
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Quercus alba; air temperature; crops; females; flowering; flowers; fruiting; fruits; night temperature; pollination; relative humidity; trees; vapor pressure; Pennsylvania
Abstract:
... Female flowering and acorn development in three species of which oaks were studied in Pennsylvania from April 1949 through August 1962 with emphasis on the effect of weather on floral development and acorn production. Pistillate flowers emerge in late April or early May, 5—10 days after the appearance of staminate flowers. After pollination and fertilization, developemnt of acorn forms begins, and ...
DOI:
10.2307/1933106

21. Growth and Mineral Composition of Squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) as Affected by N, P, K, and Tobacco Ring Spot Virus

Author:
J. R. Thomas; D. M. McLean
Source:
Agronomy journal 1967 v.59 no.1 pp. 67-69
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Cucurbita pepo; dry matter accumulation; female flowers; flowering; fruits; mineral content; nitrogen; nutrient solutions; phosphorus; plant tissues; potassium; sand; squashes; tobacco; total nitrogen; viruses
Abstract:
... A sand culture study was conducted to measure the effects of N, P, K, and tobacco ring spot virus (TRSV) on growth and mineral composition of 'Yellow Straight Neck' squash. Concentrations of N at 56 and 224 ppm, P at 10 and 40 ppm, and K at 60 and 240 ppm were used in the presence and absence of virus. Largest dry matter yield was obtained with a nutrient solution containing the big, best concentr ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1967.00021962005900010020x

22. Tiller Senescence and Grain Development in Barley

Author:
Horton M. Laude; Jack R. Ridley; Coit A. Suneson
Source:
Crop science 1967 v.7 no.3 pp. 231-233
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Hordeum vulgare; barley; cultivars; flowering; flowers; fruiting; fruits; male sterility; mortality; nutrients; seed development; tillering; tillers
Abstract:
... Two near-isogenic barley cultivars segregating for male sterility were employed to study tiller senescence. This plant material made possible the simultaneous comparison of fruiting and nonfruiting plants without resort to debudding or mechanically removing flowers or fruits. The number of living tillers and tiller mortality was similar in fertile and sterile plants until some 10 days after awn em ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1967.0011183X000700030018x

23. A Sandculture Study of Chloride Toxicity to Mature Avocado Trees

Author:
F. T. Bingham; L. B. Fenn; J. J. Oertli
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1968 v.32 no.2 pp. 249-252
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Persea americana; avocados; chlorides; fruit growing; fruit trees; fruits; irrigation water; leaf analysis; leaves; soil; toxicity; transpiration; tree growth; xylem
Abstract:
... Mature avocado trees (Persea americana) were grown outdoors in large sandcultures under treatments ranging from 0 to 20 meq Cl/liter. All solutions were adequately supplied with essential elements and the solutions were isoosmotic. Chloride injury symptoms include reduced tree growth, transpiration, leaf burn, premature leaf abscession, and possibly reduced fruit production. Criteria for evaluatin ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1968.03615995003200020026x

24. Avian Dispersal of Plants in Panama

Author:
Storrs L. Olson; Kurt E. Blum
Source:
Ecology 1968 v.49 no.3 pp. 565-566
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Cecropia peltata; birds; digestive tract; fruits; germination; planting; seeds; viability; Panama
Abstract:
... Seeds of various species of plants taken from birds collected in Panama were planted and observed for germination. Viable seeds were found in all parts of the bird digestive tract. Especially preferred by birds were the fruits of Cecropia peltata L. The seeds of this important plant exhibited outstanding viability after having passed through the alimentary canal. ...
DOI:
10.2307/1934127

25. Effect of Fertilizer Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium and Magnesium on Yield and Nutrent Content of Okra (Hibiscus esculentus L.)

Author:
N. Ahmad; L. I. Tulloch-Reid
Source:
Agronomy journal 1968 v.60 no.4 pp. 353-356
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Abelmoschus esculentus; agronomy; fruits; leaves; magnesium; nitrogen fertilizers; okra; rivers; Trinidad and Tobago
Abstract:
... Response of okra (Hibiscus esculentus L.) to N (0–336 kg/ha), P (0–280 kg/ha), K (0–280 kg/ha), and Mg (0–112 kg/ha) fertilization on River Estate Loam, Trinidad, was investigated. Best yields were obtained with 112 kg/ha N, 168 kg/ha P, 280 kg/ha K, and 112 kg/ha Mg. The effect on leaf composition of N, P, K, and Mg at three stages of growth of the crop and the amount of these nutrients removed i ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1968.00021962006000040006x

26. Influence of Water Balance and Microclimate on the Local Distribution of the Redback Vole and White‐Footed Mouse

Author:
Lowell L. Getz
Source:
Ecology 1968 v.49 no.2 pp. 276-286
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
insects; fruits; urine; winter; relative humidity; microclimate; air temperature; Clethrionomys; water requirement; highlands; renal function; Peromyscus leucopus; voles; summer; swamps; habitats; biogeography; water table; New England region
Abstract:
... A comparison was made of the importance of water balance, as influenced by microclimate, upon the local distribution of the white—footed mouse, Peromyscus leucopus, and the redback vole, Clethrionomys gapperi. The characteristic habjtats of the two species in southern New England are dry upland woods and low swamps, respectively. Temperature and relative humidity in the habitats of the two species ...
DOI:
10.2307/1934456

27. “Runoff Farming” in the Desert. I. Experimental Layout

Author:
M. Evenari; L. Shanan; N. H. Tadmor
Source:
Agronomy journal 1968 v.60 no.1 pp. 29-32
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
agronomy; fruits; pastures; rain; runoff
Abstract:
... An experiment was established to grow fruit trees, field crops and pasture plants in a 100 mm winter rainfall desert region by harvesting surface runoff from small desert watersheds. Experimental conditions and layout are described in the first of a series of papers dealing with the results of the experiment. ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1968.00021962006000010010x

28. Attribute correlations in the Poaceae (grasses)

Author:
CLIFFORD, H.T.
Source:
Botanical journal of the Linnean Society 1969 v.62 no.1 pp. 59-67
ISSN:
0024-4074
Subject:
Poaceae; flowers; fruits; grasses; habitats; leaves; natural selection
Abstract:
... Investigation of correlations between a number of two-state attributes for a sample of grass genera revealed that a high proportion of the correlations were statistically significant. There were proportionately more correlations between attributes from the same organ than between attributes from different organS. Furthermore, attributes associated with the fruit and leaf were found to be more clos ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1095-8339.1969.tb01956.x

29. Effect of Sea Water on Seed Germination in Two Pacific Atoll Beach Species

Author:
G. L. Lesko; R. B. Walker
Source:
Ecology 1969 v.50 no.4 pp. 730-734
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Scaevola taccada; beaches; fruits; salinity; salt concentration; seawater; seed germination; seeds; water currents; Marshall Islands
Abstract:
... The structure of the fruits and the physiology of the seeds of Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb. and Messerschmidia argentea (L.) I. M. Johnst. facilitate dispersal by sea currents and subsequent germination. Fruits were floated on sea water for 120 days without significant loss in germination capacity. The seeds of fruits floated on sea water germinated 1—2 weeks sooner than dry seeds, when placed ...
DOI:
10.2307/1936271

30. Nutrient Distribution During Development of Three Market Types of Peanuts. I. P, K, Ca, and Mg Contents

Author:
D. L. Hallock; D. C. Martens; M. W. Alexander
Source:
Agronomy journal 1969 v.61 no.1 pp. 81-85
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; calcium; cultivars; fruits; leaves; magnesium; markets; nutrient content; nutrients; peanuts; potassium; Virginia
Abstract:
... Six plant portions of each of three peanut (Arachis hypogea L.) cultivars representing the three market types were sampled on four dates. Many interactions occurred for each nutrient among the 'cultivars, plant portions, and sampling dates. The highest P(0.35%) and K(3.7%) contents in the cultivars were in the July 12 and October 10 leaf-samples, respectively, of the first lateral branches of ‘Vir ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1969.00021962006100010028x

31. Nutrient Distribution During Development of Three Market Types of Peanuts. II. B, Cu, Mn, and Zn Contents

Author:
D. C. Martens; D. L. Hallock; M. W. Alexander
Source:
Agronomy journal 1969 v.61 no.1 pp. 85-88
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; branches; copper; cultivars; fruits; growing season; manganese; markets; peanuts; zinc; Virginia
Abstract:
... The B, Cu, Mn, and Zn contents of portions of ‘Virginia 61R,’ ‘Early Runner,’ and ‘start’ peanuts (Arachis hypogea L.) were determined at various sampling dates during the 1966 growing season. The main stem of the three cultivars generally contained higher amounts of B and Mn than the hypocotyl-crown, the stemmy and leafy portions of the first and second lateral branches, or the fruit. The highest ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1969.00021962006100010029x

32. A Neuropathy in Goats Caused by Experimental Coyotillo (Karwinskia humboldtiana) Poisoning : II. Lesions in the Peripheral Nervous System – Teased Fiber and Acid Phosphatase Studies

Author:
K. M. Charlton; K. R. Pierce
Source:
Veterinary pathology v.7 no.5 pp. 385-407
ISSN:
1544-2217
Subject:
Karwinskia; Schwann cells; acid phosphatase; animal pathology; axons; enzyme activity; fruits; goats; histology; myelin sheath; oral administration; peripheral nervous system diseases; poisoning
Abstract:
... The sequential development of the lesions in the peripheral nervous systems of 22 goats poisoned with daily oral doses of ground coyotillo fruits was studied. Studies of teased fibers revealed swelling of Schwann cells, clefts in the myelin sheath, segmental demyelination, remyelination, Wallerian degeneration, and regeneration. A few fibers had a large globular or ovoid swelling in a transitional ...
DOI:
10.1177/030098587000700501

33. A Neuropathy in Goats Caused by Experimental Coyotillo (Karwinskia humboldtiana) Poisoning : III. Distribution of Lesions in Peripheral Nerves

Author:
K. M. Charlton; K. R. Pierce
Source:
Veterinary pathology v.7 no.5 pp. 408-419
ISSN:
1544-2217
Subject:
Karwinskia; Schwann cells; animal pathology; fruits; goats; motor neurons; nerve tissue; oral administration; peripheral nervous system diseases; poisoning
Abstract:
... Seven goats were poisoned with daily oral doses of coyotillo fruits and killed at various times after day 12. The distribution of lesions was studied in a sensory nerve, in short and long motor nerves, and at proximal and distal sites of a long motor nerve. Fibers with Schwann-cell lesions (swollen Schwann cells or segmental demyelination) were widespread and outnumbered fibers with Wallerian dege ...
DOI:
10.1177/030098587000700502

34. A Neuropathy in Goats Caused by Experimental Coyotillo (Karwinskia humboldtiana) Poisoning : IV. Light and Electron Microscopic Lesions in Peripheral Nerves

Author:
K. M. Charlton; K. R. Pierce
Source:
Veterinary pathology v.7 no.5 pp. 420-434
ISSN:
1544-2217
Subject:
Karwinskia; Schwann cells; active transport; animal pathology; edema; electron microscopy; fruits; glycogen; goats; mitochondria; myelin sheath; nerve tissue; oral administration; peripheral nerves; peripheral nervous system diseases; poisoning
Abstract:
... Lesions in peripheral nerves from 12 goats poisoned experimentally with coyotillo were studied by light and electron microscopy. The goats were poisoned with daily oral doses of the ground coyotillo fruits and killed at various times after the first day of dosing. Lesions at a mid-femoral site of the sciatic nerve included swelling of Schwann cells, degeneration of mitochondria, depletion of glyco ...
DOI:
10.1177/030098587000700503

35. A Neuropathy in Goats Caused by Experimental Coyotillo (Karwinskia humboldtiana) Poisoning : V. Lesions in the Central Nervous System

Author:
K. M. Charlton; K. R. Pierce; R. W. Storts; C. H. Bridges
Source:
Veterinary pathology v.7 no.5 pp. 435-447
ISSN:
1544-2217
Subject:
Karwinskia; animal pathology; axons; cerebellum; fruits; goats; light microscopy; oral administration; peripheral nervous system diseases; poisoning; signs and symptoms (animals and humans); spinal cord
Abstract:
... Twenty-two goats were poisoned with daily oral doses of ground coyotillo fruits and were killed at various times after the first day of dosing. The morphologic features and distribution of lesions in the central nervous system were studied by light microscopy. An axonal dystrophy occurred in several of the goats given high daily doses. Swellings occurred along axons of Purkinje cells in the cerebe ...
DOI:
10.1177/030098587000700504

36. Combining Ability Estimates in Arachis hypogaea L. II. Field Performance of F1 Hybrids

Author:
J. C. Wynne; D. A. Emery; P. W. Rice
Source:
Crop science 1970 v.10 no.6 pp. 713-715
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; fruits; heterosis; hybrids; peanuts; South America; Virginia
Abstract:
... Estimates of heterosis and combining ability were made using 15 hybrid combinations grown under field conditions. The hybrids were produced by crossing in diallel six peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) lines collected from three geographic areas of South America. Of 17 characters, estimates of specific combining ability were significant for 16 and estimates of general combining ability were significant ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1970.0011183X001000060036x

37. A Scanning Electron-Microscope Study of Starches : PART III: Miscellaneous Starches

Author:
David M. Hall; Joseph G. Sayre
Source:
Textile research journal 1971 v.41 no.11 pp. 880-894
ISSN:
0040-5175
Subject:
Dieffenbachia; Quercus; Vaccaria hispanica; chestnuts; chickpeas; cowpeas; fabrics; fruits; granules; lima beans; peanuts; pineapples; pinto beans; sago; scanning electron microscopes; scanning electron microscopy; starch; tamarinds; textile fibers
Abstract:
... The shapes and surface structure of eleven starches—peas (wrinkled, smooth-shell, chick, and black-eyed), cowcockles, acorns, sagos, beans (tender white, pinto and lima), shoti, dieffenbachia, pineapples, peanuts, tamarinds and chestnuts— were examined with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The details seen in the three-dimensional images were compared with those seen in the two dimensional op ...
DOI:
10.1177/004051757104101102

38. Distribution of P, K, Ca, Mg, B, Cu, Mn, and Zn in Peanut Lines Near Maturity

Author:
D. L. Hallock; D. C. Martens; M. W. Alexander
Source:
Agronomy journal 1971 v.63 no.2 pp. 251-256
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; calcium; copper; cultivars; fruits; hypocotyls; leaves; magnesium; manganese; markets; nutrient content; nutrients; peanuts; potassium; zinc; Virginia
Abstract:
... The nutrient contents of peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) grown under nutrient-sufficient conditions were determined in relation to yields of lines derived from 15 cultivars. Four plant portions of the lines, each a single seed selection, representing four market types were analyzed for contents of eight nutrients. In general, the fruit was highest in P and Zn contents and lowest of the four portions ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1971.00021962006300020017x

39. Oak Regeneration in the Upper Carmel Valley, California

Author:
James R. Griffin
Source:
Ecology 1971 v.52 no.5 pp. 862-868
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Quercus agrifolia; Quercus douglasii; autumn; birds; climatic factors; drought; drought tolerance; fruits; germination; gophers; grasses; heat; hills; rooting; seedlings; soil; squirrels; summer; temperature; viability; winter; woodlands; California
Abstract:
... Acorn germination and seedling survival were studied in three species of foothill woodland oaks. Quercus douglasii and Q. lobata acorns matured in October. These nondormant acorns germinated quickly at favorable temperatures. Quercus agrifolia acorns matured later and germinated more slowly. Acorns placed on the surface of a south—aspect plot lost viability. On a north—facing plot they survived au ...
DOI:
10.2307/1936034

40. Structure of Avian Communities in Selected Panama and Illinois Habitats

Author:
James R. Karr
Source:
Ecological monographs 1971 v.41 no.3 pp. 207-233
ISSN:
0012-9615
Subject:
avifauna; bark; biomass; birds; breeding; breeding season; energy; energy requirements; forest habitats; forests; frugivores; fruits; grasslands; insectivores; insects; population size; rare species; seasonal variation; shrubs; temperate zones; temperature; territoriality; tropics; Illinois; Panama
Abstract:
... To elucidate the causal factors responsible for diversity gradients in avian communities, avian populations were studied for 12 months in seven lowland tropical areas in the Republic of Panama and compared with populations in structurally similar habitats in Illinois. Resident (breeding) species made up 38—49% of the species on temperate areas but only 20—36% of the species in similar tropical hab ...
DOI:
10.2307/1942366

41. A Comparison of a Large-Seeded (NC2) and a Small-Seeded (Starr) Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Cultivar as Affected by Levels of Calcium Added to the Fruit Zone

Author:
T. E. Slack; L. G. Morrill
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1972 v.36 no.1 pp. 87-90
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; calcium; containers; cultivars; fruiting; fruits; greenhouse experimentation; peanuts; rooting; sand; seed development; seeds
Abstract:
... Several greenhouse experiments were conducted to compare various Ca treatments on selected vegetative and reproductive characteristics of Starr and NC2 peanuts. Calcium and K uptake and distribution characteristics in Starr and NC2 peanut plant parts were studied also. Starr and NC2 peanuts were grown in sand cultures with separated rooting and fruiting containers for direct comparisons. Starr and ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1972.03615995003600010020x

42. Autecology of Atriplex Polycarpa from California

Author:
Mohamed Nazir Sankary; Michael G. Barbour
Source:
Ecology 1972 v.53 no.6 pp. 1155-1162
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Atriplex; Haloxylon; Helianthus annuus; Polycarpa; Salsola vermiculata; annuals; biomass; calcium carbonate; drought; flowering; fruits; germination; growing season; juveniles; overgrazing; photoperiod; population ecology; seedlings; seeds; shrubs; soil water; temperature; water potential; wilting; California
Abstract:
... Atriplex polycarpa (Torr.) Wats. was a dominant, palatable shrub of the xeric Atripleto—Brometum disclimax in the San Joaquin valley of California. Overgrazing and agriculture during the past 100 years have restricted its present distribution to saline or fenced areas. Optimal germination temperatures (9—15°C) are close to those that prevail in nature in November, the month of utricle dispersal. G ...
DOI:
10.2307/1935429

43. Food Preferences of Squirrels

Author:
Christopher C. Smith; David Follmer
Source:
Ecology 1972 v.53 no.1 pp. 82-91
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Carya ovata; Quercus alba; Sciurus carolinensis; Sciurus niger; Urocyon cinereoargenteus; autumn; digestibility; digestible energy; edge effects; energy; escape behavior; food choices; foraging; forests; fruits; lipid content; mixed stands; natural foods; seeds; spring; squirrels; trees; walnuts; winter
Abstract:
... Gray and fox squirrels show similar preferences for various types of natural foods. Their preferences are based on a combination of two factors; the speed with which they can ingest food energy and the digestibility of the food eaten. The two species of squirrels have essentially the same ability to digest their natural foods. However, five species of nuts differ in their digestibility, ranging in ...
DOI:
10.2307/1935712

44. Nitrogen Nutrition of Field-grown Soybean Plants: II. Seasonal Variations in Nitrate Reductase, Glutamate Dehydrogenase and Nitrogen Constituents of Plant Parts

Author:
John G. Streeter
Source:
Agronomy journal 1972 v.64 no.3 pp. 315-319
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Glycine max; ammonia; asparagine; enzyme activity; flowering; free amino acids; fruits; glutamate dehydrogenase; harvest date; leaves; nitrate nitrogen; nitrate reductase; nitrates; nitrogen; nitrogen fixation; nutrition; seasonal variation; seed development; soybeans; stems; total nitrogen
Abstract:
... The goals of this portion of the study were to determine (a) the distribution of N compounds in the aboveground portion of soybean plants and (b) fluctuations the capacity for N assimilation in the leaves. Soybean plants (Glycine max (L.) Merr., ‘Harosoy 63’) grown der field conditions were sampled at 14 growth stages for the determination of dry weight, total N, amino N and nitrate N of leaves, s ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1972.00021962006400030017x

45. A Sampling plan for studies on the population dynamics of leptinotarsa decemlineata (coleoptera: chrysomelidae) on tomato¹

Author:
LATHEEF, M.A.; HARCOURT, D.G.
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 1973 v. no. pp. 365-372
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
Leptinotarsa decemlineata; Solanum lycopersicum var. lycopersicum; adults; eggs; fruits; larvae; leaves; population density; population dynamics; tomatoes; variance; Ontario
Abstract:
... A study of sampling variability in field populations of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), on tomato in eastern Ontario, showed that inter-plant variance was the major source of variation for eggs and larvae, and that intra-plant variance was the major source for adults. For eggs and larvae, the most appropriate sample unit was the basal one-sixth of the plant with its fo ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1570-7458.1973.tb00285.x

46. Composition and waste load of unit effluents from a commercial leafy greens canning operation

Author:
Wayne A. Bough
Source:
Journal of milk and food technology 1973 v.36 no.11 pp. 547-553
ISSN:
0022-2747
Subject:
acidity; fruits; kale; milk; spinach; turnips; vegetable industry; wastewater
Abstract:
... Analysis of data on composite waste loads from canning of collard, turnip, mustard, spinach, and kale greens revealed no significant differences among the five types of greens. For unit effluents from the dunker washers, reel washers, and blancher, significant differences were found for solids load and total acidity. The most concentrated effluent was from the tumbler fillers. It contained 16% of ...
DOI:
10.4315/0022-2747-36.11.547

47. Determinate Cotton Cultivars for More Efficient Cotton Production on Medium-Textured Soils in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas

Author:
L. N. Namken; M. D. Heilman
Source:
Agronomy journal 1973 v.65 no.6 pp. 953-956
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Gossypium hirsutum; cotton; crop production; cultivars; defoliation; early development; fiber quality; fruiting; fruits; harvest date; insect control; rain; soil texture; Texas
Abstract:
... The short-season concept (early defoliation and early harvest) offers, perhaps, the greatest potential for increasing the efficiency of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) production and for minimizing insect control requirements in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas. Early defoliation also allows harvesting during the most optimum period in relation to expected rainfall. The fruiting, earliness, yie ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1973.00021962006500060032x

48. Genetic Study of Yield and Some of Its Components in Brassica campestris L. Var. ‘Toria’

Author:
M. I. Zuberi; S. U. Ahmed
Source:
Crop science 1973 v.13 no.1 pp. 13-15
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Brassica rapa subsp. oleifera; fruits; genes; heritability; heterosis; seed yield
Abstract:
... Four strains of Brassica campestris L. var. ‘Toria’ and their F₁ and F₂ progenies were studied with respect to yield and yield components. The degree and direction of heterosis varied greatly for different characters and also for different crosses. Both additive and nonadditive gene actions were evident in controlling the characters. Inbreeding depression was significant for number of fruits per p ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1973.0011183X001300010005x

49. Inhibition of development of larvae of the olive fruit fly, dacus oleae (diptera: tephritidae), in olives treated with streptomycin

Author:
TZANAKAKIS, M.E.; STAVRINIDES, A.S.
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 1973 v. no. pp. 39-47
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
Bactrocera oleae; cold; cold storage; eggs; females; fruit juices; fruits; hatching; larvae; larval development; neonates; olives; oviposition; streptomycin; sulfates; tap water; Greece
Abstract:
... Green olives of two different varieties were picked on various dates in August and September from a grove in N. Greece. After a cold storage, they were dipped into 0, 0.1, 1, and 5% solutions of streptomycin sulphate in tap water plus a spreader-wetter. Oviposition by females of Dacus oleae (Gmelin) preceded or followed the treatment. The percentage of fruit in which larvae could not reach full si ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1570-7458.1973.tb00245.x

50. Muskmelon Response to Rates and Sources of Nitrogen

Author:
Gerald E. Wilcox
Source:
Agronomy journal 1973 v.65 no.5 pp. 694-697
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Cucumis melo; ammonium nitrate; color; fertilizer rates; fruit yield; fruits; harvesting; leaching; muskmelons; nitrate nitrogen; nitrogen; petioles; plant growth; sandy soils; split application; sulfur-coated urea; total nitrogen; urea formaldehyde; vines; Indiana
Abstract:
... The method and rate of nitrogen fertilization of muskmelons (Cucumis melo) on sandy soils is of concern because of the leaching potential of N. The relative availability of nitrogen from ammonium nitrate, urea-formaldehyde, and sulfur coated urea (SCU) was studied the field with regard to influence on growth, leaf and petiole composition, and fruit yield of muskmelon. The field studies compared va ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1973.00021962006500050005x

51. Numbers of Mammal Species in North and Central American Forest Communities

Author:
Theodore H. Fleming
Source:
Ecology 1973 v.54 no.3 pp. 555-563
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Chiroptera; Malaya; community structure; forest communities; fruits; habitats; insects; mammals; spatial variation; species diversity; trophic relationships; tropical forests; tundra; Alaska; Eastern United States; Panama
Abstract:
... Latitudinal trends in the species diversity of North and Central American Mammalian communities are documented by examining seven habitats ranging from the tundra of central Alaska to the moist tropical forest of central Panama. The communities are compared with respect to the numbers and kinds of species in each habitat and their size, spatial, and trophic relationships. Fifteen to 16 species occ ...
DOI:
10.2307/1935340

52. Barriers to the Foliar Uptake of Lead

Author:
Jon H. Arvik; Robert L. Zimdahl
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1974 v.3 no.4 pp. 369-373
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
aerosols; chloroform; coatings; foliar uptake; fruits; lead; leaves; roots; waxes
Abstract:
... Cuticles of leaves and fruits were studied to determine the ability of these structures and their waxes to prevent movement of lead into the plant. Only extremely small amounts of lead could penetrate the cuticles, even after extended exposure. Removal of the waxes permitted increased penetration of some cuticles, and penetration seemed more related to species of plant than to thickness of the cut ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1974.00472425000300040015x

53. Effects of Spacing and a Growth Regulator, Kylar, on Size and Yield of Fruit of Virginia-Type Peanut Cultivars

Author:
J. C. Wynne; W. R. Baker; P. W. Rice
Source:
Agronomy journal 1974 v.66 no.2 pp. 192-194
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; cultivars; fruits; peanuts; plant growth substances; seeds
Abstract:
... The reduction in plant size of peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) by genetic and chemical methods could result in increased productivity with the use of higher plant populations. The effects of increased plant populations on the yield and size of fruit of two Virginia-type peanut cultivars, ‘NC 17’ and ‘NC 5,’ were investigated in factorial experiments by the use of four interrow and two intrarow spaci ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1974.00021962006600020003x

54. Foliar-Applied Nitrogen for Citrus Fertilization

Author:
T. W. Embleton; W. W. Jones
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1974 v.3 no.4 pp. 388-391
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
Citrus; citrus fruits; foliar spraying; fruit growing; fruits; nitrogen; soil treatment; California
Abstract:
... Fifty-six “experiment-years” of citrus data are presented which show that kilogram for kilogram, foliar-applied N was as effective as soil-applied N for fruit production. However, while one annual soil application sufficed to supply adequate N, three to six or more foliar sprays per year were required. “N-production efficiency” (kg fruit produced per kg applied N) varied from 97 to 484. At or near ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1974.00472425000300040019x

55. THE Distribution of carbon-14 in plants labelled as a source of food for red scale

Author:
ROBERTSON, GILLIAN; SLOWIAK, DANUTA
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 1974 v. no. pp. 163-175
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
Aonidiella aurantii; Citrus; body fluids; carbon 14; chromatography; females; fruits; glucose; insects; larvae; leaves; lemons; photosynthesis; plant tissues; proline; saliva; squashes; sucrose
Abstract:
... Citrus leaves, banana squash and lemon fruit, labelled by photosynthesis, have been used as a source of ¹⁴C for red scale, Aonidiella aurantii (Mask.). The distribution of the isotope amongst the constituents of these plants has been studied using chemical methods of separation and chromatography. In citrus leaves, whether they were labelled as discs in the laboratory or in situ in the field, acti ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1570-7458.1974.tb00333.x

56. The Role of Pin Cherry (Prunus pensylvanica L.) in the Maintenance of Stability in Northern Hardwood Ecosystems

Author:
P. L. Marks
Source:
Ecological monographs 1974 v.44 no.1 pp. 73-88
ISSN:
0012-9615
Subject:
Prunus pensylvanica; birds; boreal forests; buried seeds; burning; canopy; cutting; forest ecosystems; fruits; germination; hardwood; leaf area index; secondary forests; soil; soil sampling; New Hampshire
Abstract:
... The design of the life cycle of pin cherry (Prunus pensylvanica L.), a successional species common on disturbed sites throughout much of the northern hardwood and boreal forest ecosystems, assures that its occurrence is integrated into the pattern of disturbance in the climax ecosystem. The combination of buried seed strategy and the mobility offered through avian consumption of fruits ensures rea ...
DOI:
10.2307/1942319

57. The taxonomic and evolutionary significance of some juvenile characters in the Brassiceae

Author:
GÓMEZ-CAMPO, C.; TORTOSA, MARIA E.
Source:
Botanical journal of the Linnean Society 1974 v.69 no.2 pp. 105-124
ISSN:
0024-4074
Subject:
Brassica balearica; Brassica repanda; Erucastrum; Moricandia; beak; cotyledons; fruits
Abstract:
... The shape of the cotyledon lamina and a few other juvenile characters are studied for some 140 taxa of the cruciferous tribe Brassiceae. They cast a number of doubts on the present botanical status of certain taxa, such as Diplotaxis siifolia, Erucastrum cardaminoides and Brassica balearica. The whole tribe Raphaninae appears rather unnatural when viewed from cotyledon evidence, which suggests tha ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1095-8339.1974.tb01619.x

58. Water Stress of Free‐Living Peromyscus Truei

Author:
David F. Bradford
Source:
Ecology 1974 v.55 no.6 pp. 1407-1414
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Peromyscus; body water; body weight; chaparral; diet; dry environmental conditions; feces; females; fruits; fungi; insects; leaves; mice; resting periods; summer; tritiated water; urine; water content; water stress
Abstract:
... The water relations of a Peromyscus truei population from a xeric environment, chamise chaparral, were studied in the field during two periods, midsummer and late summer, and in the laboratory. Animals were maintained in the laboratory on three water regimens that represented a gradient of water stress, but food was available ad libitum. When subjected to increasing degrees of water stress, urine ...
DOI:
10.2307/1935469

59. Absorption of foliar-applied 32P by successive leaves, and distribution patterns in relation to early fruiting and abscission in the cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)

Author:
Adedipe, N.O.; Ormrod, D.P.
Source:
Annals of botany 1975 v.39 no.162 pp. 639-646
ISSN:
0305-7364
Subject:
Vigna unguiculata; abscission; absorption; cowpeas; cultivars; flowering; fruits; leaves; phosphorus; plant tissues; racemes; radioactivity; radionuclides
Abstract:
... In controlled environment experiments, the uptake and distribution patterns of 32P were studied in relation to flowering and fruiting in the cowpea. Absorption by the plant, retention by the fed leaf, and translocation to various plant parts depended on the position and age of the fed leaf. At the 4-leaf stage, when the terminal leaflet of the first trifoliate (oldest) was fed 32P, the plant absor ...
DOI:
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a084977

60. Effect of Lime on Boron Transport to and Uptake by Cotton

Author:
H. D. Scott; S. D. Beasley; L. F. Thompson
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1975 v.39 no.6 pp. 1116-1121
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Gossypium hirsutum; boron; coarse-textured soils; cotton; developmental stages; diffusivity; dry matter accumulation; equations; fruits; greenhouse experimentation; greenhouses; growing season; liming materials; nutrient uptake; plant height; silt; silt loam soils; soil texture; soil water; soil water content; surface area; uptake mechanisms
Abstract:
... Deficiencies of Boron have occurred in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) grown in coarse textured soils during periods of moisture stress and in those soils which have been recently limed. These B deficiencies have generally been attributed to a decrease in soil B availability to cotton. As a result a greenhouse experiment was conducted to study (i) the amounts of adsorption and diffusivity rates of ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1975.03615995003900060029x

61. Effect of Ozone on the Yield and Plant Biomass of a Commercial Variety of Tomato

Author:
R. J. Oshima; O. C. Taylor; P. K. Braegelmann; D. W. Baldwin
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1975 v.4 no.4 pp. 463-464
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
Solanum lycopersicum var. lycopersicum; defoliation; fruit weight; fruit yield; fruits; ozone; phytomass; tomatoes
Abstract:
... A commercial variety of pole tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. H-11) was exposed to 20 and 35 parts per hundred million (pphm) ozone for 2.5 hours, 3 days each week over a period of weeks. Extensive foliar injury, defoliation, and highly significant reductions in plant biomass occurred at both exposure levels. However, fruit yield was significantly reduced only at the higher 35 pphm ozone conc ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1975.00472425000400040008x

62. Foraging Patterns and Resource Utilization in Seven Species of Bats in a Seasonal Tropical Forest

Author:
E. Raymond Heithaus; Theodore H. Fleming; Paul A. Opler
Source:
Ecology 1975 v.56 no.4 pp. 841-854
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Artibeus jamaicensis; Carollia; Glossophaga; Phyllostomus; animals; coevolution; flora; flowering; flowers; foraging; frugivores; fruits; nectar; nectar feeding; outcrossing; pollen; reproductive behavior; seed dispersal; space and time; species diversity; tropical forests
Abstract:
... Many tropical bats eat fruit, nectar, and pollen, and many tropical plants are pollinated or dispersed by bats. These groups make up a coevolved system that illustrates the effects plants can have on animal populations, and conversely, the effects animals can have on plant populations. This paper reports a 2—yr intensivie study of one bat—plant community in a seasonal Costa Rican forest. Seven com ...
DOI:
10.2307/1936295

63. Growth and Cadmium Accumulation of Plants Grown on a Soil Treated with a Cadmium-Enriched Sewage Sludge

Author:
F. T. Bingham; A. L. Page; R. J. Mahler; T. J. Ganje
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 1975 v.4 no.2 pp. 207-211
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
beans; cabbage; cadmium; carrots; corn; fruits; lettuce; radishes; rice; sewage sludge; soil; soybeans; spinach; squashes; tomatoes; turnip greens; turnips; wheat; zinc
Abstract:
... Corn, wheat, rice, field bean, soybean, cabbage, spinach, lettuce, curlycress, carrot, turnip, radish, tomato, and squash plants were grown to commercial harvest stage using as the substrate, soil pre-treated with a municipal sewage sludge (1%) containing variable amounts of CdSO₄ up to 640 µg Cd/g soil. Observations included injury symptoms, yield decrement, Cd level of diagnostic tissue, and Cd ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq1975.00472425000400020015x

64. Influence of Lint Percentage, Boll Size, and Seed Size on Lint Yield of Upland Cotton with High Fiber Strength

Author:
T. W. Culp; D. C. Harrell
Source:
Crop science 1975 v.15 no.6 pp. 741-746
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Gossypium hirsutum; fruits; germplasm; hybridization; lint cotton; lint yield; seed size; South Carolina
Abstract:
... Our major objectives in breeding cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) have been to change negative genetic associations between lint yield and fiber strength, and lint yield and length. We also find an association between low lint percentage and extra-long (above 35 mm) fiber length. With the introduction of the C 6-5 breeding line into the cotton breeding program at the Pee Dee Exp. Stn. in South Carol ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1975.0011183X001500060001x

65. Inhibition of larval growth of dacus oleae (diptera: tephritidae) by streptomycin: i. effect of duration of olive fruit immersion, temperature, and chemical additives on inhibition; effective site of topical application on oviposited olives

Author:
TZANAKAKIS, M.E.; PROPHETOU, D.A.; SAVOPOULOU, M.C.; KORDELAS, A.G.
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 1975 v. no. pp. 302-312
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
Bactrocera oleae; additives; dipotassium hydrogen phosphate; females; fruits; glycerol; larval development; olives; oviposition; streptomycin; sulfates; tap water; temperature; topical application
Abstract:
... Olives of three varieties were oviposited in by females of Dacus oleae. A few hours or a day later, they were treated with streptomycin sulphate in tap water. Immersion for 20 and 120 min in 0.3 and 1% streptomycin sulphate of Koutsourelia olives inhibited larval growth in most fruits, while for 0.2 min it did not. Immersion at 30°C caused generally more inhibition than at 20°. In Koutsourelia and ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1570-7458.1975.tb00402.x

66. Intra‐ and Interhabitat Variations in Guazuma ulmifolia (Sterculiaceae) Seed Predation by Amblycerus Cistelinus (Bruchidae) in Costa Rica

Author:
Daniel H. Janzen
Source:
Ecology 1975 v.56 no.4 pp. 1009-1013
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Bruchidae; Guazuma ulmifolia; crops; forests; fruits; habitats; host specificity; parasitoids; seed predation; trees; Costa Rica
Abstract:
... The severity of seed predation of Guazuma ulmifolia (Sterculiaceae) by the beetle Amblycerus cistelinus (Bruchidae) ranges from 12% to 42% (averages of 13—31 seed crops at each site) in a series of progressively drier habitats ranging from extremely dry deciduous to semievergreen riparian moist forest in Guanacaste Province, Costa Rica. Within a site, the range of seed predation per individual's t ...
DOI:
10.2307/1936314

67. Nutrient Concentrations in Plants in the Brookhaven Oak‐Pine Forest

Author:
G. M. Woodwell; R. H. Whittaker; R. A. Houghton
Source:
Ecology 1975 v.56 no.2 pp. 318-332
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Gaylussacia baccata; Kalmia angustifolia; Pinus rigida; Quercus alba; Vaccinium angustifolium; biomass; calcium; flowers; forests; fruits; heartwood; iron; leaves; magnesium; nitrogen; nutrient content; phosphorus; potassium; primary productivity; sodium; trees; New York
Abstract:
... Distribution of nutrient elements (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, and Na) varied substantially among the tissues and species of a late successional oak—pine forest at Brook—haven, New York. Mean nutrient concentration in the biomass was 2.3 times higher in Vaccinium angustifolium than in Pinus rigida; but in net production mnean nutrient concentrations were high in Quercus alba and Q. ilicifolia, interme ...
DOI:
10.2307/1934963

68. Seed Treatment of Mojave Desert Shrubs

Author:
Walter L. Graves; Burgess L. Kay; William A. Williams
Source:
Agronomy journal 1975 v.67 no.6 pp. 773-777
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Ambrosia dumosa; Atriplex; Ephedra; Larrea divaricata; activated carbon; carpels; ethylene; fruits; germination; heat; hydrogen peroxide; indigenous species; land restoration; rain; recreational vehicles; rights of way; seed treatment; seeds; shrubs; soaking; sodium hypochlorite; thiourea; Mojave Desert
Abstract:
... Information is needed for revegetation of barren scars left from destruction of native shrubs by recreational vehicles and right-of-way clearance. Numerous seed treatments were tested for improvement of field establishment of Mojave Desert shrubs and reduction of establishment costs. Scarification, 4-hour 60 C and 80 C dry heat, stratification, activated carbon, 3-hour and 15-hour soaking, 100 ppm ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1975.00021962006700060012x

69. Temperature and Zinc Interactions on Cotton Growth

Author:
H. E. Joham; Viola Rowe
Source:
Agronomy journal 1975 v.67 no.3 pp. 313-317
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Gossypium hirsutum; cotton; crop yield; flowering; fruiting; fruits; greenhouses; leaves; temperature; toxicity; zinc
Abstract:
... We have been obtaining variable results with respect to the effects of high levels of substrate zinc on the growth and development of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). The present investigations were made to study the possibility that the observed Zn effects were subject to modification by changes in temperature. Cotton, ‘Deltapine 16,’ was grown in the greenhouse and supplied various levels of subs ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1975.00021962006700030008x

70. A Role for Auxin and Auxin Transport Inhibitors on the Ca Content of Artificially Induced Parthenocarpic Fruits

Author:
FRITZ BANGERTH
Source:
Physiologia plantarum 1976 v.37 no.3 pp. 191-194
ISSN:
0031-9317
Subject:
4-CPA; apples; calcium; fruits; indole acetic acid; pears; seeds; tomatoes
Abstract:
... Artificially induced parthenocarpic fruits of apples, pears and tomatoes, as well as seeded fruits treated with 2,3,5‐triiodobenzoic acid, frequently show symptoms of Ca deficiency and a low Ca content. It was concluded that auxins, probably produced by the seeds, play a significant role in Ca translocation into fruits. Exogenous indoleacetic acid but not 4‐chlorophenoxyacetic acid applications co ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1399-3054.1976.tb03956.x

71. An Evaluation of Sulfur-coated Urea as a Preplant Total Season Nitrogen Supply for Trellised Tomatoes

Author:
J. E. Shelton
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1976 v.40 no.1 pp. 126-129
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Solanum lycopersicum var. lycopersicum; ammonium nitrate; application rate; crop production; fruit weight; fruits; nitrogen; nitrogen content; plant growth; split application; sulfur-coated urea; tomatoes; top dressings; training (plants)
Abstract:
... The use of a controlled release N source for the production of trellised tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum) which require frequent topdressings would be desirable. Three sulfur-coated urea (SCU) materials having release rates of 11.4, 21.5, and 29.3% over a 7-day period were compared to NH₄NO₃ applied preplant or as multiple applications. Nitrogen rates were 392, 560, and 729 kg N/ha. Marketable y ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1976.03615995004000010034x

72. Ecological Convergence of Lizard Communities in Chile and California

Author:
Eduardo R. Fuentes
Source:
Ecology 1976 v.57 no.1 pp. 3-17
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
adults; chaparral; climatic factors; climatic zones; community structure; estivation; food availability; fruits; habitats; lizards; sage; California; Chile
Abstract:
... Convergence in community structure, under similar long—term climatic conditions, were investigated using taxonomically unrelated lizard communities in Mediterranean climatic areas in central Chile and southern California. The hypothesis of convergence, i.e., physiognomically similar sites in the two continents should have lizard community structures that are more similar to each other than to the ...
DOI:
10.2307/1936394

73. Marking pheromones deterring repeated oviposition in rhagoletis flies

Author:
PROKOPY, RONALD J.; REISSIG, W.H.; MOERICKE, V.
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 1976 v. no. pp. 170-178
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
Rhagoletis cingulata; Rhagoletis fausta; Rhagoletis indifferens; Rhagoletis mendax; Rhagoletis pomonella; apples; aqueous solutions; cages; fruits; oviposition; pheromones; water solubility
Abstract:
... We confirm the existence of oviposition-deterring, fruit-marking pheromones in Rhagoletis pomonella and R. fausta and demonstrate their existence in five additional species: R. cingulata, R. indifferens, R. mendax, R. cornivora and R. tabellaria. Individuals from (1) different species belonging to different species groups did not recognize each other's marking pheromones, (2) different species wit ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1570-7458.1976.tb02630.x

74. Plant‐Pollinator Interactions in Hawaii: Pollination Energetics of Metrosideros Collina (Myrtaceae)

Author:
F. Lynn Carpenter
Source:
Ecology 1976 v.57 no.6 pp. 1125-1144
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Metrosideros collina; autogamy; birds; breeding; color; flowering; flowers; forests; fruit set; fruits; gene flow; geographical distribution; insect pollination; insects; interspecific competition; nectar; nectar secretion; outbreeding; pollen; pollinators; seed set; surpluses; trees; Hawaii
Abstract:
... The most abundant tree species in much of the undisturbed Hawaiian forest was the subject of a 2—yr study on plant—pollinator interactions and energetics. The purposes of the study were (1) to determine the roles of insects and of some endemic Hawaiian birds in the pollination of the tree Metrosideros collina, (2) to test the hypothesis that maximal outbreeding and seed set occur at intermediate l ...
DOI:
10.2307/1935040

75. Seedling growth of four grasses

Author:
P. HAYES
Source:
Grass and forage science 1976 v.31 no.2 pp. 59-64
ISSN:
0142-5242
Subject:
Festuca arundinacea; Holcus lanatus; Lolium perenne; Poa trivialis; fruits; grasses; root growth; roots; seedling growth; seeds; shoots; weight loss
Abstract:
... Investigations were conducted into the seed reserves, shoot and seminal root growth of Lolium perenne, Festuca arundinacea, Holcus lanatus and Poa trivialis. Data are presented for the caryopsis, palea and lemma weights of these species. Shoot lengths of Lolium and Festuca were very similar but seminal root lengths of Lolium were longer and emerged earlier than those of Festuca. The caryopsis in L ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2494.1976.tb01118.x

76. Thermal relations affecting survival of pink bollworm larvae between cutout and pupation

Author:
Pinter, P.J. Jr.; Jackson, R.D.
Source:
Environmental entomology 1976 v.5 no.5 pp. 853-858
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Pectinophora gossypiella; canopy; circadian rhythm; cotton; fruits; heat tolerance; insect cuticle; insects; larvae; microhabitats; models; monitoring; mortality; pupation; soil temperature; thermocouples
Abstract:
... Last-instar larvae of the pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders), leave the protective microhabitat provided by cotton fruit in a midday (1000-1400 h) circadian cutout rhythm and drop to the soil surface to search for a suitable pupation site. Before the plant canopy closes, larvae falling upon sunlit portions may encounter sufficiently high temperatures for periods long enough to rend ...
Handle:
10113/54570
DOI:
10.1093/ee/5.5.853

77. Translocation of labelled assimilate in morphologically contrasting cotton plants

Author:
J. G. BHATT
Source:
new phytologist 1976 v.76 no.1 pp. 53-57
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
branches; cotton; fruiting bodies; fruits; leaves; sucrose
Abstract:
... In normal cotton plants and in a variety with short fruiting branches, labelled assimilate was translocated to fruiting bodies on upper and lower sympodia when the sympodial leaf on the first node of the fourth sympodium was treated with ᴵ⁴C sucrose. Main stem leaves similarly treated, exported the assimilate to fruiting bodies only on the lower sympodia in the long‐branch variety whereas in the s ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1469-8137.1976.tb01437.x

78. Two Costa Rican Bat‐Generated Seed Shadows of Andira Inermis (Leguminosae)

Author:
D. H. Janzen; G. A. Miller; J. Hackforth-Jones; C. M. Pond; K. Hooper; D. P. Janos
Source:
Ecology 1976 v.57 no.5 pp. 1068-1075
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Andira inermis; Artibeus jamaicensis; Curculionidae; deciduous forests; fruits; lowlands; phylogeny; seed predation; seeds; Costa Rica
Abstract:
... Bat—generated seed shadows of two mature Andira inermis (W. Wright) DC. trees in the deciduous forest lowlands of Guanacaste Province, Costa Rica, are highly heterogeneous; very unequal numbers of seeds are deposited beneath the trees used as feeding roosts. It is calculated that a 45—g Artibeus jamaicensis bat may potentially obtain as many as 1,766 joules [= 422 calories] per Andira fruit per ro ...
DOI:
10.2307/1941072

79. Within‐ and Between‐Habitat Avian Diversity in African and Neotropical Lowland Habitats

Author:
James R. Karr
Source:
Ecological monographs 1976 v.46 no.4 pp. 457-481
ISSN:
0012-9615
Subject:
Chiroptera; Neotropics; Pleistocene epoch; avifauna; birds; convergent evolution; dry season; flowers; forests; fruits; functional properties; geography; grasslands; habitats; humans; mountains; rivers; savannas; trophic relationships; weather; Liberia; Panama; South America
Abstract:
... The general pattern of changes in avian communities along latitudinal, successional, or moisture gradients have been clarified in recent years. However, few studies have compared avifaunas of similar vegetation types and climates in two tropical regions. In this study I asked two questions. How similar ecologically are the avian communities in two tropical areas (Panama and Liberia) with similar c ...
DOI:
10.2307/1942566

80. Abscisic Acid and the Germination of Thermodormant Lettuce Fruits (Lactuca sativa cv. Grand Rapids). The Fate of Isotopically Labelled Abscisic Acid

Author:
ROBERTSON, J.; BERRIE, A.M.M.
Source:
Physiologia plantarum 1977 pp. 51-59
ISSN:
0031-9317
Subject:
Lactuca sativa; abscisic acid; fruits; lettuce; methanol; red light; seed extracts; seed germination; seeds; temperature
Abstract:
... ABA inhibits the germination of Grand Rapids lettuce seeds at a temperature at which photoblastism is not observed. This ABA inhibition can be overcome by GA, or cytokinin, or red light acting alone or in concert. At high levels of ABA the ameliorative effects of GA, cytokinin or red light are not manifest and it is suggested that lettuce seeds' response to a given level of ABA is temperature depe ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1399-3054.1977.tb09284.x

81. An Experimental Analysis of the Food Location Behavior of Frugivorous Bats

Author:
Theodore H. Fleming; E. Raymond Heithaus; William B. Sawyer
Source:
Ecology 1977 v.58 no.3 pp. 619-627
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Carollia; Ficus; Glossophaga; Maclura; Muntingia calabura; Piper; animals; eating habits; energy; food analysis; foraging; frugivores; fruits; models; phenology; prediction; probability; radio telemetry; searching behavior; seed dispersal
Abstract:
... Models of optimal foraging often separate the time and energy expended in getting to a feeding area (commuting costs) from the time and energy expended in searching for food (search costs) in animals that are "pure searchers." We predict that under certain circumstances (e.g., a relatively uniform resource distribution) searching and commuting behavior will be synchronous, whereas under other circ ...
DOI:
10.2307/1939011

82. Colonization Success of a "Biennial" Plant Species: Experimental Field Studies of Species Cohabitation and Replacement

Author:
Patricia A. Werner
Source:
Ecology 1977 v.58 no.4 pp. 840-849
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Barbarea vulgaris; Dipsacus fullonum; Elymus repens subsp. repens; annuals; biomass; community structure; field experimentation; flowering; fruits; grasses; growing season; life history; mortality; new species; primary productivity; roots; seed germination; seedlings; seeds; shade; shrubs; soil; vegetation types; Michigan
Abstract:
... In order to gain understanding of the relationships of life history characteristics to colonization success, species cohabitation, and species replacement, a known number of seeds (fruits, achenes) of teasel, a biennial' plant species, Dipsacus sylvestris Huds. were experimentally introduced into 52 permanent plots within each of 8 contiguous abandoned fields of various vegetation types in Michiga ...
DOI:
10.2307/1936219

83. Comparative Ecology of Galapagos Ground Finches (Geospiza Gould): Evaluation of the Importance of Floristic Diversity and Interspecific Competition

Author:
Ian Abbott; L. K. Abbott; P. R. Grant
Source:
Ecological monographs 1977 v.47 no.2 pp. 151-184
ISSN:
0012-9615
Subject:
Geospiza scandens; beak; biomass; body size; diet; fauna; food availability; foods; foraging; fruits; hardness; insects; interspecific competition; islands; regression analysis; seeds; species diversity; sympatry; vegetation; Galapagos Islands
Abstract:
... Distribution, abundance, diet, and beak morphology of the six Geospiza finch species were studied at eight sites on seven Galapagos islands. The resulting information was used to test the theories of Lack and Bowman that interspecific competition (Lack) and floristic and food differences among islands (Bowman) determine the ecological and morphological characteristics of the finches. Both factors ...
DOI:
10.2307/1942615

84. Controlling dacus oleae¹ by fluorescent yellow traps

Author:
ECONOMOPOULOS, A.P.
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 1977 v. no. pp. 183-190
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
Bactrocera oleae; Olea europaea; canopy; crop production; females; fluorescent labeling; fruits; males; olives; trapping; trees
Abstract:
... When three fluorescent yellow 15times 20 cm plates covered by Bird Tanglefoot® were vertically suspended in the canopy of each tree in a 21-tree semi-isolated olive grove near Athens, 9000 olive fruit flies were trapped from July-November. An additional 3300 flies were trapped by twelve fluorescent yellow traps placed in three barrier olive trees. At crop harvest, the olive fruit infestation was 5 ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1570-7458.1977.tb02705.x

85. Ecological and Nutritional Effects of Food Scarcity on a Tropical Frugivorous Bird and its Fruit Source

Author:
Mercedes S. Foster
Source:
Ecology 1977 v.58 no.1 pp. 73-85
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Apocynaceae; Ardisia; Chiroxiphia; birds; carbohydrates; diet; energy; food shortages; frugivores; fruits; germination; hydrogen; lipids; metabolizable energy; seeds
Abstract:
... The Long—tailed Manakin (Chiroxiphia linearis) was studied from 1971 to 1974 in Guanacaste Province, Costa Rico. From late April until early June 1973 the normal food of this species, i.e., ripe fruits of Ardisia revoluta Humboldt, Bonpland, and Kunth (Myrsinaceae) and Stemmadenia donnell—smithii (Rose) Woodson (Apocynaceae), was unavailable. The birds switched to a diet of green Ardisia fruits up ...
DOI:
10.2307/1935109

86. Field studies on color preferences of the caribbean fruit fly, anastrepha suspensa (diptera: tephritidae)

Author:
GREANY, P.D.; AGEE, H.R.; BURDITT, A.K.; CHAMBERS, D.L.
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 1977 v. no. pp. 63-70
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
Anastrepha suspensa; color; females; fruit flies; fruits; leaves; reflectance spectroscopy; sticky traps; Caribbean
Abstract:
... Field tests on attraction of Caribbean fruit flies to 15 times 20 cm colored sticky traps releaved a clear preference for orange, followed by yellow and yellow-green. Lower capture rates were obtained for dark green, blue, red, black, and white. Reflectance spectra of painted surfaces were determined and it was noted that fly capture rates were directly related to the proportion of light reflected ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1570-7458.1977.tb02657.x

87. Fruits and seeds of the Brandon Lignite: Magnoliaceae

Author:
TIFFNEY, B.H.
Source:
Botanical journal of the Linnean Society 1977 v.75 no.4 pp. 299-323
ISSN:
0024-4074
Subject:
Magnolia grandiflora; fruits; lignite; new species; seeds; United States
Abstract:
... Investigation of the fruits and seeds of the Oligocene (?) Brandon Lignite of west-central Vermont (U.S.A.) is continued with a consideration of the seeds of the Magnoliaceae of the deposit. Following a review of the morphology of modern magnoliaceous seeds and a summary of the fossil record of seeds of the family, two new species are described: Magnolia septentrionalis, which is quite similar to ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1095-8339.1977.tb01491.x

88. Interactions of Nutrients, Plant Growth and Herbivory in a Mangrove Ecosystem

Author:
Christopher P. Onuf; John M. Teal; Ivan Valiela
Source:
Ecology 1977 v.58 no.3 pp. 514-526
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Coleoptera; Lepidoptera; Pelecanus; Rhizophora mangle; birds; branches; breeding; buds; ecosystems; environmental management; fruits; islands; larvae; leaves; nesting; nitrogen; nitrogen content; nutrients; nutritive value; phytophagous insects; plant growth; rivers; seedlings; trees; vegetation; Florida
Abstract:
... The effect of nutrient enrichment of red mangroves (Rhizophora mangle) was studied by comparing two mangrove—covered islands in the Indian River at Ft. Pierce, Florida, USA, one (high nutrient) with and one (low nutrient) without a breeding colony of pelicans and egrets. Repeated measurements taken on > 100 tagged branches in each area revealed higher growth rates at the high nutrient site. Trees ...
DOI:
10.2307/1939001

89. Sampling techniques and preparation of partial life tables for the olive fly, Dacus oleae (Diptera: Trypetidae) in Corfu

Author:
E. KAPATOS; M. W. McFADDEN; S. PAPPAS
Source:
Ecological entomology 1977 v.2 no.3 pp. 193-196
ISSN:
0307-6946
Subject:
Bactrocera oleae; fruits; immatures; instars; larvae; life tables; mortality; parasitism; pupae
Abstract:
... 1. A sampling plan was developed for the immature stages of D.oleae (Gmel.) by analysing data from samples of infested fruits taken during the years 1973, 1974 and 1975. 2. The number of samples required to attain a certain precision is largely a function of density, so that the level of sampling can be determined approximately for a given density of immature stages. 3. Partial life tables were co ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2311.1977.tb00881.x

90. Seed Predation and Seed Number in Scheelea Palm Fruits

Author:
David F. Bradford; Christopher C. Smith
Source:
Ecology 1977 v.58 no.3 pp. 667-673
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
survival rate; fruits; seed predation; seedlings; predators; trees; endosperm; Bruchidae; granivores; rodents; Costa Rica; Panama Canal Zone
Abstract:
... Two Scheelea palm populations in Central America were studied: Scheelea rostrata in Costa Rica and Scheelea zonensis in the Panama Canal Zone. Most of the fruits in both populations contained one seed, but small proportions of the fruits on each tree contained two or three seeds. Compared to single—seeded fruits, seedlings from multiseeded fruits are apparently disadvantaged because of less endosp ...
DOI:
10.2307/1939017

91. Seed Production, Seed Populations in Soil, and Seedling Production After Fire for Two Congeneric Pairs of Sprouting and Nonsprouting Chaparal Shrubs

Author:
Jon E. Keeley
Source:
Ecology 1977 v.58 no.4 pp. 820-829
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Arctostaphylos; Ceanothus; carbon; fruit growing; fruits; seed storage; seedling production; seedlings; seeds; shrubs; soil; sowing; sprouting
Abstract:
... A study of seed production, seed storage in the soil, and seedling production after fire was undertaken for a sprouting and a nonsprouting congenerica pair of species of Ceanothus and Arctostaphylos. All species exhibited large fluctuations in annual seed production. There was a significant correlation between fruit production and precipitation in the previous year. It is hypothesized that high ca ...
DOI:
10.2307/1936217

92. Some factors influencing the performance of pheromone traps for oriental fruit moth in australia

Author:
ROTHSCHILD, G.H.L.; MINKS, A.K.
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 1977 v. no. pp. 171-182
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
Grapholita molesta; acetates; alcohols; bait traps; cis-trans isomers; dispensers; fruits; males; moths; pheromone traps; pheromones; polyethylene; trees; Australia
Abstract:
... Catches of oriental fruit moth males, Grapholitha molesta (Busck), at traps baited with (Z)-8-dodecenyl acetate were not greatly influenced by design. Males were equally attracted to polyethylene dispensers containing 1-1000μg of the pheromone. There was no evidence that small amounts of the E isomer produced significant increases in catch at pheromone sources, but reductions were apparent when th ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1570-7458.1977.tb02704.x

93. The Fate of 1,2‐¹⁴C‐(Chloroethyl) Phosphonic Acid (Ethephon) in Olive (Olea europea)

Author:
EPSTEIN, EPHRAIM; KLEIN, ISAAC; LAVEE, SHIMON
Source:
Physiologia plantarum 1977 pp. 33-37
ISSN:
0031-9317
Subject:
Olea; acids; ethephon; ethylene; fruit drop; fruits; metabolism; olives; pH; trees
Abstract:
... The translocation and metabolism of ethephon at pH 7.0 and its effect on abscission of olive fruit, were studied in attached and detached fruits. In detached olives, the lowest fruit removal force values were achieved when the fruits were treated at their proximal cavity and kept under humid conditions. Following application of ¹⁴C‐ethephon to the proximal cavity 63% of the label was absorbed with ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1399-3054.1977.tb09281.x

94. Unemployment Insurance, Estimated Cost Rates, Benefits, and Tax Burden by Type of Farm

Author:
Joachim G. Elterich
Source:
American journal of agricultural economics 1977 v.59 no.4 pp. 683-690
ISSN:
0002-9092
Subject:
cost estimates; dairy farming; farmers; farms; fruits; insurance; poultry; unemployment; vegetables
Abstract:
... Unemployment insurance cost rates for newly covered employers and the corresponding tax burden under two sets of tax structures by type of farm are estimated by state. Livestock, dairy, and poultry farmers generally more than support the benefits their workers receive, which is not the case for fruit and vegetable farms. Under experience rating livestock and dairy farms tend to pay the minimum rat ...
DOI:
10.2307/1239395

95. Viable Counts Versus the Incidence of Machinery Mold (Geotrichum) On Processed Fruits and Vegetables

Author:
D. F. Splittstoesser; Marilyn Groll; D. L. Downing; Jane Kaminski
Source:
Journal of food protection 1977 v.40 no.6 pp. 402-405
ISSN:
0362-028X
Subject:
Geotrichum; Prunus cerasus; bacteria; beets; canneries; corn; fruits; green beans; peas; plate count; processing stages; yeasts
Abstract:
... Aerobic plate counts on peas, green beans, corn, and beets collected at different processing stages were commonly 10(6)–10(7) per g while counts on tart cherries were 10(3)–10(4) per g. Bacteria made up 99% of the mesophilic microflora on the vegetables while yeasts predominated on the fruit. Many of the organisms appeared to be introduced with the raw product. Geotrichum was a common contaminant ...
DOI:
10.4315/0362-028X-40.6.402

96. A Simulation Model of Primary Production and Carbon Allocation in the Creosotebush (Larrea Tridentata [DC] COV.)

Author:
Gary L. Cunningham; James F. Reynodls
Source:
Ecology 1978 v.59 no.1 pp. 37-52
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Larrea tridentata; buds; carbon; death; developmental stages; ecosystems; flowers; fruits; leaves; plant development; plant response; population ecology; primary productivity; respiratory rate; roots; simulation models; stems
Abstract:
... A preliminary simulation model of primary productivity and carbon allocation in creosotebush (Larrea tridentata [DC] Cov.) is described. The model utilizes a systems approach in which movement of assimilate within the plant is in response to changes in source—sink strengths of leaves, stems, roots, early reproductive buds, maturing reproductive buds, flowers, and fruits. Two distinct compartments ...
DOI:
10.2307/1936630

97. Adult Equivalent Scales: An Alternative Approach

Author:
Rueben C. Buse; Larry E. Salathe
Source:
American journal of agricultural economics 1978 v.60 no.3 pp. 460-468
ISSN:
0002-9092
Subject:
agricultural economics; children; elderly; food groups; fruits; household expenditure; models; pork; statistical analysis
Abstract:
... Adult equivalent scales were estimated for five food groups and total food consumed at home. The scales were specified as continuous functions of age and restrictions were placed on the scales so that they approximate the way an individual affects household food expenditures throughout his life. The scale function is easily incorporated into expenditure models, and statistical tests can be used to ...
DOI:
10.2307/1239943

98. CAROTENE OXIDIZING FACTORS IN RED PEPPER FRUITS (Capsicum annuum L.): EFFECT OF ASCORBIC ACID AND COPPER IN A β‐CAROTENE‐LINOLEIC ACID SOLID MODEL

Author:
JOSEPH KANNER; PIERRE BUDOWSKI
Source:
Journal of food science 1978 v.43 no.2 pp. 524-526
ISSN:
0022-1147
Subject:
Capsicum annuum; antioxidant activity; ascorbic acid; bleaching; cellulose; copper; fruits; linoleic acid; models; pepper; peroxidase; water activity
Abstract:
... The carotene‐bleaching activities of ascorbic acid and copper were investigated in a solid model consisting of carotene and linoleic acid adsorbed on powdered cellulose. The effects depended on the water activity (aw) of the system. Ascorbic acid in the presence of Cu⁺⁺ had very little activity in the dry model but displayed increasing bleaching effects as the aw value of the system was raised. Ho ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2621.1978.tb02345.x

99. Calcium-supplying Characteristics of Two Gypsum Materials on Southeastern Coastal Plain Soils

Author:
Terry C. Keisling; Milton E. Walker
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 1978 v.42 no.3 pp. 513-517
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; application rate; calcium; calcium sulfate; coastal plain soils; fruiting; fruits; growing season; gypsum; hydrochloric acid; particle size; peanuts; rain; soil depth; soil sampling; sulfuric acid
Abstract:
... Field studies were conducted on two soils to study the manner in which finely and coarsely divided gypsum materials supplied Ca to the soil depth where peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) fruit absorb Ca. The finely divided material was characterized chemically as CaSO₄ · 2H₂O, approximately 72% CaSO₄ or 20.2% Ca and physically as having 88% of the particles < 0.25 mm in diameter. The coarsely divided ma ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj1978.03615995004200030028x

100. Detrital Dynamics in a Mature Oak Forest: Hutcheson Memorial Forest, New Jersey

Author:
Gerald E. Lang; Richard T. T. Forman
Source:
Ecology 1978 v.59 no.3 pp. 580-595
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
summer; biogeochemical cycles; Quercus; sowing; tree trunk; soil horizons; hydrology; piedmont; leaves; mineralization; energy; autumn; mineral soils; calcium; canopy gaps; branches; humus; fruits; mixed forests; forest litter; detritivores; nitrogen; aboveground biomass; wood; magnesium; habitats; New Jersey
Abstract:
... The William L. Hutcheson Memorial Forests is a mixed oak stand located on the New Jersey Piedmont, and is believed to have remained uncut and unburned for >250 yr. Abundant canopy gaps and large fallen boles indicate old—age status. Patterns of detritus distribution appear different from younger or disturbed forests. Consequently, we studied organic matter and element content in 12 distinct detrit ...
DOI:
10.2307/1936587