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electron transfer; electrons; energy; gold; hydrogen; hydrogen production; irradiation; lighting; nanospheres; photocatalysis; photocatalysts; photoluminescence; silica; solar energy; solar radiation; titanium dioxide
Abstract:
... Nowadays, how to convert solar energy efficiently to other energies, such as chemical energy, is an important subject. In the present work, gold nanosphere (AuNS) monoencapsulated in TiO₂ hollow nanosphere (Au–TiO₂) and three-dimensional assembled array of Au–TiO₂ (3D-array) were fabricated to carefully explore the multiscattering effect on the photocatalytic activity of H₂ generation under simula ...
... Photo-catalytic H2 production from water has been studied over Au–Cu2O nanoparticle deposited on TiO2 (anatase) in order to probe into both the plasmon resonance effect (Au nanoparticles) and the pn-junction at the Cu2O–TiO2 interface. The Au–Cu2O composite is in the form of ∼10nm Au nanoparticles grown on ∼475nm Cu2O octahedral nanocrystals with (111) facets by partial galvanic replacement. X-ray ...
... This work explores the opportunity to substantially reduce the cost of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts by supporting monolayer (ML) amounts of precious metals on transition metal carbide substrates. The metal component includes platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), and gold (Au); the low-cost carbide substrate includes tungsten carbides (WC and W₂C) and molybdenum carbide (Mo₂C). As a platfor ...
... We report a general approach to NiAu alloy nanoparticles (NPs) by co-reduction of Ni(acac)₂ (acac = acetylacetonate) and HAuCl₄·3H₂O at 220 °C in the presence of oleylamine and oleic acid. Subject to potential cycling between 0.6 and 1.0 V (vs reversible hydrogen electrode) in 0.5 M H₂SO₄, the NiAu NPs are transformed into core/shell NiAu/Au NPs that show much enhanced catalysis for hydrogen evolu ...
... The electrochemical reduction of nitrogen to ammonia on Au-based catalysts showed a reasonably high Coulombic efficiency. The pathway of this promising reaction, however, is not clear partially due to the lack of information on reaction intermediates. Herein, surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (SEIRAS) was employed to study the reaction mechanisms of nitrogen reduction on an Au thin ...
gold; nanogold; ultraviolet radiation; electrons; hydrogen production; solar energy; chemical reduction; absorption; fluorescence; energy efficiency; microwave treatment; irradiation; surface plasmon resonance; photocatalysts
Abstract:
... TiO₂nano-grass films were facilely fabricated by a glycerol-assisted hydrothermal process with Ti sheet as precursor. Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) were then deposited on the surface of TiO₂films by a microwave-assisted chemical reduction route. The investigations reveal that grass-shaped nanostructures of anatase TiO₂films exhibit visible light-capturing property, which can enhance the localized su ...
... Here, we demonstrate a g-C₃N₄@Au@SrAl₂O₄:Eu²⁺,Dy³⁺ composite as a novel efficient self-luminous visible-light plasmonic photocatalyst for photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants and hydrogen evolution from water around the clock. The g-C₃N₄@Au@SrAl₂O₄:Eu²⁺,Dy³⁺ composite was prepared by integrating a g-C₃N₄@Au plasmonic photocatalyst composite with a SrAl₂O₄:Eu²⁺,Dy³⁺ long-afterglow phosp ...
... Electrocatalytic reactions are central to many energy and sensing applications and therefore the development of materials that show functionality for more than one reaction are of significant interest. The synthesis of affordable electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) involved in electrochemical water splitting, the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) for fuel cells in energy researc ...
... An obvious H-UPD for a nano AuTiO₂₋ₓ composite has been found for the first time in terms of the electrochemical characteristics of the Au composite. The electronic effect between Au and TiO₂ and the oxygen vacancy defect would change the adsorption energy of H and HER activity. The HER activity of the AuTiO₂₋ₓ electrode is 6.44 times that of the Au electrode. ...
... The tightly coupled heterostructure g-C₃N₄/Au/poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)/Pt was successfully prepared by a self-assembling method. The heterojunction photocatalyst displayed high activity for hydrogen production from water which contains triethanolamine as an electron donor under visible light irradiation. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-visible spectroscopy, photo ...
... Plasmonic photocatalysis is one of the potential approaches for solar hydrogen production, but successful construction of plasmonic photocatalysts for overall water splitting (OWS) is still a challenge. In this work, we achieved OWS by developing a plasmon-based solid Z-scheme photocatalytic system. Firstly, visible-light responsive plasmonic photocatalysts (Au/TiO2) was demonstrated asa stable an ...
... Au/TiO2 nanocomposites are prepared by the solventless solid grinding method, which consists in mechanically mixing AuPPh3Cl and titania P25 and applying a mild heat treatment to reduce Au (I) into Au (0) nanoparticles (Au NP). Given that gold oxides are not thermally stable, both air and hydrogen can be considered for such treatment. Air however leads to much more efficient photocatalysts than hy ...
... A novel catalyst for water splitting has been prepared by cyclic voltammetry (CV) deposition of amorphous MoS₂ on nanoporous gold (NPG) obtained by electrochemical de-alloying a metallic glass precursor, Au₄₀Cu₂₈Ag₇Pd₅Si₂₀ (at.%). As a function of number of CV cycles, Au ligaments are progressively encapsulated by a thin layer of amorphous MoS₂ catalyst for hydrogen evolution. NPG provides a good ...
... It has been a challenge to design a novel structure for effectively improving the efficiency of charge carriers' separation and transfer. Herein, a CdS/ZnS heterostructure with a tunable Cd/Zn ratio was engineered on reduced graphene oxide (RGO) by a one-pot hydrothermal method followed by in situ formation of Au nanocrystals, which combined the strong electron capture ability of a noble metal and ...
... Hydrogen (H₂), a regenerable and promising energy carrier, acts as an essential role in the construction of a sustainable energy system. Formic acid (HCOOH, FA), a natural biological metabolic products and also accessible through carbon dioxide (CO₂) reduction, has a great potential to serve as a prospective H₂ supplier for the fuel cell. Herein, ultrafine and electron-rich IrPdAu alloy nanopartic ...
... Nanosheets of silicon have attracted a great deal of attention due to its tunable optical and electronic properties. However, the development of facile and easily scalable synthesis process has remained a great contest. Endeavor has been made in this research to find a waste inferred effective photocatalyst to deliver hydrogen (H₂) through visible light responsive water splitting.One-pot solid pha ...
... Au nanoparticle (NP)- and CdS quantum dot (QD)-codecorated In₂O₃ nanosheets, assembled into flowerlike structure (In₂O₃/Au/CdS), were synthesized to facilitate photocatalytic H₂ production. The optimized In₂O₃/Au₄/CdS-12 (4 wt % Au NPs and CdS QDs were deposited for 12 cycles) displays achieved a photocatalytic hydrogen generation ability of 17.23 μmol/h (10 mg of catalyst), which is 22.97, 5.08, ...
... As a subnanometer thick platinum (Pt) film can have catalytic properties different from those of the Pt bulk, the research on the preparation and characterization of a Pt monolayer is fundamentally intriguing and may lead to cost-effective fuel cells. We devise an electroless deposition method to fabricate a Pt monolayer and use scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) to characterize its atomic struct ...
... Currently, metallic nanoparticles possessing versatile heterogeneous catalytic functionality such as in hydrogenation, water splitting, hydrogen production and CO₂ reduction for global pollution remediation have been paid great attentions due to their high chemical stability, superior activity and unique electrical and optical properties. However, the gradual degradation of their catalytic activit ...
... Co-catalysis and plasmonic enhancement are two efficient ways to improve the photocatalytic performance of semiconductors. In this work, we systematically investigate their synergistic functions by photo-depositing Au and Pt nanoparticles on the surface of ultrathin TiO₂ nanosheets, where Au stimulates the plasmonic effect and Pt acts as the co-catalyst. It was found that both Au and Pt deposition ...
... Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution under visible light is of great potential for renewable energy development. In this work, unalloyed Au/PtO nanoparticle (NP) co-modified graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) photocatalyst is fabricated through a simple photodeposition method. The obtained g-C3N4 composites with co-existed Au and PtO cocatalysts exhibit a considerable enhancement in the photocatalytic ...
catalysts; electric current; electrochemistry; electrodes; electrons; glass; gold; hydrogen; hydrogen production; light intensity; mass spectrometry; mass transfer; methanol; nanocrystals; nanogold; oxidation; oxygen; photocatalysis; physical chemistry
Abstract:
... Photoelectrochemical water oxidation and photocatalytic H₂ evolution on planar nanocrystalline Au/TiO₂ catalyst film electrodes were studied by combined electrochemistry and online mass spectrometry, allowing for the detection and quantification of the volatile reaction products O₂ and H₂, and thus, by comparison with the photocurrent, to determine selectivities and to map out contributions from s ...
... We report herein remarkable improvement of activity and stability of an Au₂₅-loaded BaLa₄Ti₄O₁₅ water-splitting photocatalyst. We first examined the influence of refining the gold cocatalyst on the individual reactions over the BaLa₄Ti₄O₁₅ photocatalyst in this water-splitting system. The results revealed that refining the gold cocatalyst accelerates not only the hydrogen generation reaction, but ...
... Here we report a green and facile strategy for the direct nucleation and growth of ultrafine (1.8 nm) and well dispersed Au@Pd core–shell nanoclusters on nitrogen-doped mildly reduced graphene oxide (Au@Pd/N–mrGO) without any surfactant and additional reducing agent. During the synthesis, N–mrGO acts as both the reducing agent and support by taking advantage of its moderate reducing and high dispe ...
electron transfer; electrons; gold; hydrogen production; irradiation; nanocrystals; nanogold; nanoparticles; photocatalysis; photocatalysts; solar energy; titanium dioxide
Abstract:
... We report a new type of Au@TiO₂–CdS ternary nanostructure by decorating CdS nanoparticles onto Au@TiO₂ core–shell structures. In comparison to that of binary structures such as CdS–TiO₂ and Au@TiO₂, these ternary nanostructures exhibit a remarkably high photocatalytic H₂-generation rate under visible-light irradiation. The enhanced photocatalytic activity is attributed to the unique ternary design ...
... Formic acid (FA), a sustainable and safe hydrogen storage vector, has the advantages of nontoxicity, high hydrogen content (4.4 wt %) and low cost. However, the dehydrogenation of formic acid at near room temperature remains a big challenge in terms of favorable hydrogen release rate and CO-absence hydrogen production. Herein, a series of nitrogen-decorated carbon nanosheets (n-CNS) supported AuPd ...
... By reduction of mixed noble metal precursors in aqueous phase under ice-water bath conditions, well dispersed Au–Pd alloy nanoparticles supported on carbon black were facilely prepared. The catalyst exhibited high activity and selectivity at nearly 0 °C, with an initial turnover frequency (TOF) up to 635 h⁻¹. At room temperature the initial TOF of the catalyst reached 1075 h⁻¹, which is rather hig ...
... Au–Pt/CaIn₂S₄ composites were synthesized for the first time using the photoreduction method by which bimetallic Au–Pt alloy nanoparticles were in situ site-selectively photoreduced on the edges of monoclinic CaIn₂S₄ nanosteps. The Au–Pt alloy nanoparticles as cocatalysts can spatially separate the oxidation and reduction sites and effectively enhance the photocatalytic hydrogen activity of CaIn₂S ...
... Screening new electrocatalysts is key to the development of new materials for next-generation energy devices such as fuel cells and electrolyzers. The counter electrodes used in such tests are often made from materials such as Pt and Au, which can dissolve during testing and deposit onto test electrocatalysts, resulting in inaccurate results. The most common strategy for preventing this effect is ...
... Multi-component materials are a new trend in catalyst development for electrochemical CO₂ reduction. Understanding and managing the chemical interactions within a complex catalyst structure may unlock new or improved reactivity, but is scientifically challenging. We report the first example of capping ligand-dependent metal–oxide interactions in Au/SnO₂ structures for electrocatalytic CO₂ reductio ...
... A new class of bimetallic Au–Pt/TiO₂ photocatalysts were developed and employed in H₂ photoassisted production using ethanol as a sacrificial reagent both under UV-A and simulated sunlight irradiation. Remarkably, preliminary experiments show promising hydrogen evolution under visible light using Au0.5–Pt0.5/TiO₂ with methanol. The presence of bimetallic Au–Pt nanoparticles and the TiO₂ visible li ...
... Herein, we report the synthesis of metal (Pt and Au) and metal alloy (PtAu) nanoparticles (NPs)-integrated graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) hybrids using a facile solvothermal route for water-splitting application. The metal and metal alloy NPs with varying percentages of Pt and Au are found to be in the size range of 3–5 nm and uniformly distributed on the g-C₃N₄ sheets. The metal and metal allo ...
... A self-standing macroporous noble metal-zinc oxide (ZnO) sponge of robust 3D network has been fabricated through in-situ growth method. The key to the construction of the bioinspired sponge lies in the choice of commercial polyurethane sponge (CPS) with interconnected and junction-free macroporous structure as the skeleton to support Au/ZnO nanorods (Au/ZnONRs). The resultant Au/ZnO/CPS not only e ...
... Catalyst plays a very important role in the exploration of new energy. To obtain a highly efficient electrocatalyst for the glucose oxidation and tiny metal nanocluster catalysts, a calixarene-based {Ni₁₈} coordination wheel with sulfur atoms on the cavity surface was designed, synthesized, and used as the porous template. Contributing from the active sites of nickel cations, the as-synthesized co ...
... Providing specific accommodation for supported metal clusters on the defective sites of supports is vital to disclose the function mechanism of the structural defects on metals and the fabrication of excellent catalysts. Here, stable platinum-group metal clusters (Pt, Pd and Au) trapped by structure defects within carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were fabricated with a simple and scalable in situ electroch ...
boron nitride; catalytic activity; chemical reactions; gold; hydrogen production
Abstract:
... It is demonstrated that small gold clusters stabilized on the h-BN/Au(111) support can exhibit high catalytic activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is usually considered as an inert and insulating support; however, the interaction of a single-layer h-BN with an underlying Au(111) substrate promotes its chemical reactivity, resulting in relatively strong ...
... BACKGROUND: The use of CdS as a catalyst under visible light for hydrogen production has attracted much attention owing to its ability to perform the photocatalytic hydrogen production under visible light; the use of noble metals as co‐catalysts has been reported as an effective method to increase their efficiency. This work compares the activity of CdS catalysts using different metals as co‐catal ...
... Gold is one of the most selective catalysts for the electrochemical reduction of CO₂ (CO2RR) to CO. However, the concomitant hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) remains unavoidable under aqueous conditions. In this work, a rotating ring disk electrode (RRDE) setup has been developed to study quantitatively the role of mass transport in the competition between these two reactions on the Au surface in ...
... We report here the self-assembly of Au nanoparticles/mesoporous matrices of layered double hydroxides (Au/ZnAlLDH and Au/ZnCeAlLDH) and the derived mixed oxides as novel plasmonic photocatalysts for H₂ production from water–methanol mixtures (80 : 20) by using solar irradiation, at room temperature. The fabrication of the Au/LDH composite is based on the formation of Au nanoparticles on the surfac ...
... Exploring novel catalyst materials for water-splitting reaction is far-reaching in the current research scenario. CdS-derived nanostructures have been identified as potential catalysts for water splitting for decades. Realizing the competence of transition-metal (TM) doping in the desirable tuning of the properties of nanostructures, we have studied the catalytic activity of late TM (TM = Fe, Co, ...
... Searching for none or less Pt-containing electrocatalytic materials for hydrogen evolution is a promising way to reduce the cost of hydrogen production. Thus, a computational screening of electrocatalytic materials for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), Pt monolayer on transitional metals (Pt/TM), are carried out by DFT in this work. According to several prerequisites, including difficulty of synt ...
... Confinement of hydrogen molecules at graphene–substrate interface has presented significant importance from the viewpoints of development of fundamental understanding of two-dimensional material interface and energy storage system. In this study, we investigate H₂ confinement at a graphene–Au interface by combining selective proton permeability of graphene and the electrochemical hydrogen evolutio ...
... Small plasmonic Au nanoparticles (NPs)-decorated with TiO2 nanosheets were fabricated to improve the photocatalytic performance. The Au/TiO2 nanosheets with Au NPs of different sizes ranging from ∼3 nm to 28 nm were prepared by using hydrothermally obtained TiO2 nanosheets as substrate via urea and light reduction method. During synthesis, the obtained Au NPs through urea reduction treatment in di ...
... Petaled MoS₂ electrodes grown hydrothermally from Mo foils are found to have an 800 nm, intermediate, MoSₓOy layer. Similar petaled MoS₂ films without this intermediate layer are grown on Au. X-ray photoelectron and Raman spectroscopies and transmission electron microscopy indicate the resulting petaled multilayer MoS₂ films are frayed and exhibit single-layer, 1T-MoS₂ behavior at the edges. We co ...
... The integration of high-purity nano-objects on substrates remains a great challenge for addressing scaling-up issues in nanotechnology. For instance, grafting gold nanoparticles (NPs) on zinc oxide films, a major step process for catalysis or photovoltaic applications, still remains difficult to master. We report a modified photodeposition (P-D) approach that achieves tight control of the NPs size ...
... The simulation of electrochemical reaction dynamics from first principles remains challenging, since over the course of an elementary step, an electron is either consumed or produced by the electrode. For example, the hydrogen evolution reaction begins with a simple proton discharge to a metal surface, but with conventional electronic structure methods, the simulated potential, which is manifested ...
... PdAu bimetallic nanoplates are synthesized by titrating HAuCl₄ into an aqueous solution containing in situ generated Pd square nanoplates (PdSPs) on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) in the presence of ascorbic acid (AA), serving as a reducing agent, at different injection rates. At a high injection rate (e.g., 45 mL min⁻¹), PdAu core–shell nanoplates on rGO are generated by strong galvanic replacement ...
... We report the correlation between H₂ gas bubble formation potential and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity for Au and Pt nanodisk electrodes (NEs). Microkinetic models were formulated to obtain the HER kinetic information for individual Au and Pt NEs. We found that the rate-determining steps for the HER at Au and Pt NEs were the Volmer step and the Heyrovsky step, respectively. More intere ...
copper; energy conversion; gold; hydrogen production; nanoparticles; photocatalysis; platinum; pollutants; solar energy; sulfides; tin; zinc
Abstract:
... Cu₂ZnSnS₄, based on abundant and environmental friendly elements and with a direct band gap of 1.5 eV, is a main candidate material for solar energy conversion through both photovoltaics and photocatalysis. We detail here the synthesis of quasi-spherical Cu₂ZnSnS₄ nanoparticles with unprecedented narrow size distributions. We further detail their use as seeds to produce CZTS-Au and CZTS-Pt heteros ...
... Here, we propose the synthesis of AgPt, AgPd, and AgAu bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) on a carbon nitride (C₃N₄) surface via a galvanic exchange technique for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Prior to the synthesis of C₃N₄/AgPt, AgPd, and AgAu, Ag NPs were synthesized on a C₃N₄ surface. For the synthesis of Ag NPs, initially Ag⁺ ions were adsorbed and then reduced by NaBH₄ resulting in the d ...
catalytic activity; dielectric spectroscopy; durability; electrochemistry; electrodes; electrolysis; electrolytes; gold; hydrogen production; nickel; platinum; scanning electron microscopy; silver; surface area
Abstract:
... Micro-/nanoscale noble metal (Ag, Au, and Pt) particle-decorated 3D porous nickel electrodes for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline electrolyte are fabricated via galvanostatic electrodeposition technique. The developed electrodes are characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical measurements including Tafel polarization curves, cyclic voltammetry, and ...
... Small-sized and well-dispersed Pt–Au nanoparticles (Pt–AuNPs) grown on carbon nanofibers (Pt–AuNPs/CNFs) with excellent electroanalytical and electrocatalytic performance in the detection of H₂O₂ and the catalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) were designed and fabricated via electrospinning technology and an in situ thermal reduction process. Large numbers of Pt–AuNPs were homogenously distri ...
... This work represents a new, extremely low cost and easy method for fabrication of bipolar electrode (BPE) for rapid and simultaneous screening of potential candidates for electrocatalytic reactions and sensing applications. Our method takes advantage of the silver reflective layer deposited on already available recordable digital versatile disc (DVD-R) polycarbonate substrate which acts as BPE. Ox ...
... Au nanoparticles supported on reducible metal oxide surfaces are known to be active catalysts for a number of reactions including CO oxidation and hydrogen production. The exact choice of a metal oxide support has been shown to have a marked impact on activity, suggesting that interactions between Au and the support play a key role in catalysis. For TiO₂, a model substrate for Au catalysis, it had ...
Gibbs free energy; acetonitrile; catalytic activity; electrodes; electrolytes; electron transfer; energy conversion; gold; hydrogen production; isotopes
Abstract:
... The effect of the proton donor on the kinetics of interfacial concerted proton–electron transfer (CPET) to polycrystalline Au was probed indirectly by studying the rate of hydrogen evolution from trialkylammonium donors with different steric profiles, but the same pKₐ. Detailed kinetic studies point to a mechanism for HER catalysis that involves rate-limiting CPET from the proton donor to the elec ...
... Cordierite honeycombs loaded with different amounts of Au/TiO2 have been used in an optical fiber photoreactor illuminated with UV LEDs to produce hydrogen from ethanol and water–ethanol mixtures. The photoreactions have been carried out at 298–348K, volume hourly space velocities of 300–2100h⁻¹, Au contents of 0.5–2wt.% with respect to TiO2, and ethanol molar contents of 1–100%. Excellent dispers ...
... The synergetic contribution of crystal facets and atomic cocatalysts toward the photoactivity of TiO₂ was fundamentally investigated. Atomic-level dispersed Pt and Au were deposited onto 001-faceted and 101-faceted TiO₂, separately. When used as photocatalysts for photocatalytic H₂ production, Pt/TiO₂-001 showed 1156 and 3 times higher H₂ evolution rate than that of cocatalyst-free TiO₂-001 and Pt ...
... In this study, we developed a Ag–Cr core–shell-structured (Ag@Cr) cocatalyst that modified the surface of the Ga₂O₃ photocatalyst. Compared to results provided by modifications with Ag cocatalysts and M–Cr dual cocatalysts (M = Au, Cu, Pd, and Pt), this change significantly improved the formation rate of CO and selectivity toward CO evolution in the photocatalytic conversion of CO₂ by the electron ...
Wan-Ting Chen; Andrew Chan; Zakiya H.N. Al-Azri; Aubrey G. Dosado; Muhammad A. Nadeem; Dongxiao Sun-Waterhouse; Hicham Idriss; Geoffrey I.N. Waterhouse
... This study compares the performance of 5 different Au/TiO2 photocatalysts for H2 production in alcohol–water mixtures under UV excitation, placing particular emphasis on the role of the TiO2 support and alcohol sacrificial reagent. 1.5wt.% Au/TiO2 photocatalysts were prepared by the deposition–precipitation with urea method, using P25 TiO2 (85% anatase and 15% rutile, 49m²g⁻¹), sol–gel anatase (39 ...
... This paper systematically compares the activity of Au/TiO₂ photocatalysts (Au loadings 0–10wt.%) for H₂ production from ethanol–water mixtures under UV excitation. Degussa P25 TiO₂ was used as the support phase. TEM analyses revealed that the average Au nanoparticle size at all loadings was 5±2nm, with the Au nanoparticles preferentially located at the interfacial sites between TiO₂ crystallites. ...
... The time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) in the nanosecond time scale of TiO₂ materials undoped or codoped with nitrogen and fluorine (N,F-doping) and modified by noble metals (NM, i.e. Au or Pt) nanoparticles (NPs) photodeposition has been systematically investigated in relation to their photocatalytic activity in hydrogen production. The main aim of the study is to elucidate the origin of the NM ...
... Alternatives to the use of pressurized hydrogen (H₂) in chemical syntheses are of growing interest and importance in developing safer protocols. Ammonia borane (AB), with its high hydrogen content and ability to release H₂ under mild conditions, is one potential solution. However, optimization of AB dehydrogenation and further the use of AB as a H₂ source to facilitate tandem one-pot reactions wit ...
... Formic acid (FA) has tremendous potential as a safe and convenient source of hydrogen for sustainable chemical synthesis and renewable energy storage, but controlled and efficient dehydrogenation of FA by a robust solid catalyst under ambient conditions constitutes a major challenge. Here, we report that a previously unappreciated combination of subnanometric gold and an acid-tolerant oxide suppor ...
annealing; cadmium chloride; cathodes; copper; electric current; gold; hydrogen; hydrogen production; lighting; platinum; tin dioxide
Abstract:
... CdTe-based photocathodes have shown an extremely high incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCEs) of >95% at 560–660 nm with an applied potential of 0 VRHE. In the present study, the effects of a back contact and annealing in the presence of CdCl₂ on the PEC properties of CdTe-based photocathodes were investigated. Structural characterization demonstrated that the grain structure of C ...
dielectric spectroscopy; electric current; electrochemistry; electrodes; electrons; gold; hematite; hot water treatment; hydrogen production; iron oxyhydroxides; lighting; nanocrystals; nanopores; photocatalysis; silver; solar radiation
Abstract:
... We report great enhancement in photoelectrochemical water splitting efficiency of hematite assisted by fast and easy transfer of electrons/holes via a 3D-nanoporous gold (3D-NG) electrode. 3D-nanostructured α-Fe₂O₃/NG electrodes were fabricated in three subsequent procedures, de-alloying Au/Ag to produce a conductive 3D-NG electrode, decorating nanocrystalline β-FeOOH onto the nanopores of 3D-NG v ...
... In this study, a new photocatalytic reaction system for simultaneous selective oxidation of aromatic alcohols to corresponding aldehydes and reduction of protons to H2 has been developed. The results reveal that compared with pure ZnIn2S4, the ZnIn2S4 photocatalysts modified with noble metal gold (Au/ZnIn2S4) significantly promote the photocatalytic performance. Among them, the 0.5% Au/ZnIn2S4 nan ...
... Integrating wide bandgap semiconductor photocatalysts with visible-light-active inorganic nanoparticles (such as Au and CdS) as sensitizers is one of the most efficient methods to improve their photocatalytic activity in the visible light region. However, as for all such composite photocatalysts, a rational design and precise control over their architecture is often required to achieve optimal per ...
... We report an eco-friendly, one-pot, room-temperature method for the rapid synthesis of electrocatalytically active Au@Pt (50 nm) bimetallic nanoparticles via a tryptophan (Trp) mediated supramolecular interface in an aqueous environment. Our results demonstrate a simple universal approach for high shell–metal loading where a pre-stabilized tryptophan polymerized-Au core serves as a template to fac ...
... Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are used to propose a Au–Cu binary metal catalyst for the electrochemical borohydride oxidation reaction (BOR), which is evaluated experimentally and observed to show enhanced oxidation activity relative to a pure Au electrode. Our previous work has applied DFT methods to determine the BOR mechanism and elucidate the key reaction steps that dictate cata ...
... Precise control of elemental configurations within multimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) could enable access to functional nanomaterials with significant performance benefits. This can be achieved down to the atomic level by the disorder-to-order transformation of individual NPs. Here, by systematically controlling the ordering degree, we show that the atomic ordering transformation, applied to AuCu N ...
... In this work we report the sensitive electroanalytical detection of uranium(VI) in aqueous solutions. Uranium commonly exists in aqueous solutions in the form of its oxo ion, uranyl (UⱽᴵO₂²⁺). The detection of uranyl has been accomplished by us through its deposition upon reduction by two electrons to the insoluble UO₂ using a bare disk gold macroelectrode and anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV). T ...
... Electrochemical reduction of CO₂ provides an opportunity to store renewable energy as fuels with much greater energy densities than batteries. Product selectivity of the reduction reaction is known to be a function of the electrolyte and electrode; however, electrodes modified with functional ligands may offer new methods to control selectivity. Here, we report the electrochemical reduction of CO₂ ...
... We report on the use of boron doped diamond electrodes for the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) of the coreactant peroxydisulfate and the luminophore ruthenium(II)-tris(2,2′-bipyridine). Compared to common electrode materials (i.e., Pt, Au, glassy carbon), boron doped diamond has a large overpotential for the evolution of hydrogen in aqueous electrolyte solutions. This intrinsic feature enables redu ...
... The deposition of gold and platinum nanoparticles (NPs) on hydrogen-terminated Si(100) (Si(100)-H) surfaces has been performed by galvanic displacement using fluoride-free sub-millimolar metallic salt solutions. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed the formation of oblate hemispherical NPs, with an average diameter of ca. 40 nm and an average height of 20 ± 10 and 10 ± 5 nm for Au ...
Raman spectroscopy; activated carbon; films (materials); gold; graphene oxide; hot water treatment; hydrogen; hydrogen production; methanol; nanocomposites; nanoparticles; palladium; photocatalysis; photocatalysts; titanium dioxide; India
Abstract:
... In the present work, we have synthesized noble bimetallic nanoparticles (Au–Pd NPs) on a carbon-based support and integrated with titania to obtain Au–Pd/C/TiO₂ and Au–Pd/rGO/TiO₂ nanocomposites using an ecofriendly hydrothermal method. Here, a 1:1 (w/w) Au–Pd bimetallic composition was dispersed on (a) high-surface-area (3000 m² g–¹) activated carbon (Au–Pd/C), prepared from a locally available p ...
... There is an ever growing demand for renewable sources of energy to replace conventional fossil fuels. One of the alternatives is usage of hydrogen production by electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Toward this end, we have successfully prepared a novel, robust electrocatalyst for HER containing Au nanoparticles dispersed on a natural bentonite using a simple one-pot reduction process ...
active sites; catalysts; catalytic activity; electrochemistry; energy conversion; engineering; ethanol; foams; gold; hydrogen production; manganese dioxide; nanogold; nickel; oxidation
Abstract:
... The design of eco-friendly electrocatalysts for ethanol valorization is an open challenge towards sustainable hydrogen production. Herein we present an original fabrication route to effective electrocatalysts for the ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR). In particular, hierarchical MnO₂ nanostructures are grown on high-area nickel foam scaffolds by a plasma-assisted strategy and functionalized with lo ...
... Though the role of supporting ions such as Li ions (Li⁺) in the electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) has been extensively studied in the recent past, the fundamental mechanism influencing the HER kinetics of different metals under varied electrolyte conditions is still not known. Here we unveil the mechanism leading to a tunable HER on different metals under varying pH conditions, and ...
... Au-nanoparticle-decorated ZnS nanoarchitectures were fabricated by a simple hydrothermal approach combined with a deposition-precipitation method. After the deposition-precipitation process, 5-nm Au nanoparticles were homogeneously dispersed on the ZnS surface. In addition, the band gap of ZnS was also narrowed by the incorporation of a small amount of Au(I) ions. The photocatalytic hydrogen produ ...
absorbance; absorption; electric current; electrons; energy; gold; hydrogen production; iron oxyhydroxides; irradiation; nanogold; nanorods; zinc oxide
Abstract:
... A ZnO/CdS heterojunction photoanode simultaneously decorated with separated Au and FeOOH cocatalysts is first established and applied in efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting. Enhanced optical performance is observed as well as the photocurrent density enhancement of 116% (5.38 mA·cm–² at 1.23 V vs RHE) compared to that of a pure ZnO photoanode which can be ascribed to improved light abso ...
... This work presents a photochemical and thermal treatment strategy to prepare in situ gold–platinum bimetallic nanoparticle-loaded titania photocatalysts with self-doped Ti³⁺ states (Au–Pt/Ti³⁺ nc-TiO₂). In situ loading of Au–Pt bimetallic nanoparticles and Ti³⁺ self-doping in the TiO₂ crystal lattice result in excellent solar light photocatalytic activity. The Au–Pt/Ti³⁺ nc-TiO₂ displays an improv ...
... A sensitive prostate-specific antigen (PSA) detection method using a visual-readout closed bipolar electrode (BPE) system has been introduced by integration of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in cathodic pole and electrochemiluminescence (ECL) of luminol loaded within the MIL-53(Fe)-NH₂ (L@MIL-53(Fe)-NH₂) in the anodic pole. The cathode of the BPE was electrochemically synthesized by 3D porous c ...
... The electrochemical production of hydrogen is enjoying renewed vigor due to its great promise as an environmentally friendly energy alternative. Herein, we demonstrate the capacity of nanoperforated gold films deposited on flexible substrates coated with nanometer thick Ti/TiO₂ adhesion layers for electrochemical water splitting under light irradiation. The strong plasmonic induced electromagnetic ...
... There have been several studies on the catalytic activity of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) using ultralow loading of Pt catalysts or even Pt single atom catalysts. However, Pt single atom deposited on the surface of the carbon or metal oxide material has some drawbacks, such as high possibility of Pt desorption from the supported material in the electrolyte. Besides, from the reaction mech ...
... Ammonia borane (AB) is a hydrogen storage material which can produce three equivalent moles of H₂ gas by a hydrolytic decomposition reaction in the presence of an appropriate catalyst. The photocatalytic H₂ generation from AB decomposition was studied by utilizing the Au/TiO₂ plasmonic photocatalyst under both visible and UV light conditions. Different amounts of gold (0.5, 1, 2, and 3%) were phot ...
... Inspired by natural photosynthesis, a new series of Z-scheme CdxZn1−xS/Au/g-C3N4 photocatalysts were synthesized via depositing Au particles on g-C3N4, followed by anchoring CdxZn1−xS solid solution on the pre-formed Au/g-C3N4 for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Their structure, morphology and optical property were investigated in detail. Photocatalytic activities of the developed photocatalyst ...
... We report the preparation of Au-capped CdS–PbS heterooctahedrons of Au@CdS–PbS with controlled morphology for enhanced photocatalytic H₂ generation. Au@CdS–PbS heteronanostructures possess three advantages: (1) CdS–PbS octahedrons form a p-n heterojunction with built-in field for efficient separation of photoexcited charge carriers. (2) Au nanocups exhibit strong light-harvesting capability in bro ...
... The mechanisms of ethanol (EtOH) decomposition via C–C or C–O bond cleavage on alloy surfaces are currently not well understood. In this study, we model EtOH decomposition on close-packed Pd–Au catalytic surfaces using density functional theory (DFT) calculations and derived Brønsted–Evans–Polanyi (BEP) relationships. Three characteristic Pd–Au surfaces are considered, Pd₁Au₂(111), Pd₂Au₁(111), an ...
... The electrocatalytic reduction of CO₂ to industrial chemicals and fuels is a promising pathway to sustainable electrical energy storage and to an artificial carbon cycle, but it is currently hindered by the low energy efficiency and low activity displayed by traditional electrode materials. We report here the size-dependent catalytic activity of micelle-synthesized Au nanoparticles (NPs) in the si ...
... In this work, we report a prominent size-dependent activity in the catalytic dehydrogenation of formic acid (HCOOH, FA) over carbon-supported AuPd alloy nanoparticles (NPs) directed by amino acids (lysine, serine and glutamic acid) with different isoelectric points. Through decreasing the average size of AuPd NPs from 12.8 ± 0.5 to 3.8 ± 0.5 nm using different amino acids as structure-directing ag ...
... We report a procedure to fabricate glass-insulated carbon fiber ultramicroelectrodes (CF UMEs) with sizes of 10 and 1 μm in diameter. CF UMEs of theses sizes are commonly insulated with polymer or epoxy resins, which typically have pinholes and are less stable and difficult to polish. Through judicious choice of polishing materials, the fabrication procedure reported here leads to CF UMEs with a s ...
X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; coatings; direct contact; gamma radiation; gold; hydrogen; hydrogen production; lighting; mass transfer; microparticles; nanogold; nitrogen; oxygen; photocatalysis; photocatalysts; porous media; titanium dioxide; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... Hollow mesoporous CdS@TiO₂@Au microspheres as a photocatalyst have been successfully synthesized by γ-irradiation deposition of Au nanoparticles (NPs) on the double shell of hollow CdS@TiO₂ microspheres, which are prepared via the “hard core template” approach combining with calcination and solvothermal reaction. The morphology, structure, and properties of the as-prepared hybrid photocatalyst hav ...
... In this study, a sandwich-structured C₃N₄/Au/CdZnS photocatalyst with Au nanoparticles sandwiched between C₃N₄ and CdZnS was fabricated. The results showed that there was a 6.3 mmol g⁻¹ increase of hydrogen production for C₃N₄/Au/CdZnS photocatalyst compared to C₃N₄/CdZnS in 4 h. The photoinduced I–t curve, electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS), photogenerated electron lifetime and photolumines ...
... A novel sandwich-structured g-C₃N₄/Au/BiOCl Z-scheme heterojunction with enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity was successfully fabricated using the reactable ionic liquid (1-methyl-3-[3’-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl] imidazolium chloride) as the template by a facile photoreduction followed by in situ deposition. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron ...
... Controlling the surface crystallographic orientation in a nanostructured catalyst is expected to be effective in improving its catalytic performance. Herein, a simple one-step method for producing an anodized nanoporous gold (NPG) electrode with a controlled contribution of atomic surface orientations is reported. Anodization of a conventional Au electrode in 35 and 500 mM HCl solutions produced n ...
... AgAuPd nanoparticles with small particle size, good dispersity and high degree of crystallinity on graphene are synthesized by a facile co-reduction route. The resultant AgAuPd/graphene exhibits 100% H₂ selectivity, 100% conversion and excellent catalytic activity toward the hydrogen generation from decomposition of formic acid without any additive at room temperature. ...
... In this study, a series of amine-functionalized SBA-15-supported bimetallic Au–Pd nanoparticles (Au–Pd/SBA-15-Amine) as catalysts are successfully synthesized by surface functionalization and co-reduction and characterized by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy, XRD, XPS, and TEM. The Au–Pd/SBA-15-Amine catalysts thus obtained are tested for the dehydrogenation of formic acid ( ...
... This paper reports a novel nanocomposite catalyst comprised of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄), chitosan and gold (Au) nanoparticles, which has been prepared through a facile, clean and low cost method. Graphitic carbon nitride has been fabricated by pyrolysis of urea. Laser ablation in liquid (LAL) was employed in the green synthesis of Au NPs. The g-C₃N₄/chitosan/Au nanocomposite (denoted as C ...
air; aluminum; annealing; copper; crystal structure; dimethyl sulfoxide; electric current; electrochemistry; electrodes; gold; hydrogen production; lighting; photoluminescence; potassium hydroxide; solar radiation; solvents; sulfites; tin dioxide
Abstract:
... Delafossite CuAlO₂ photoelectrodes are synthesized via the electrodeposition of Cu(ii) and Al(iii) onto fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates in water and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) solvents, followed by annealing in air and Ar. The surface properties, crystalline structure, and photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance of the as-synthesized samples are significantly affected by the synthetic condi ...
Hanieh Mousavi; Yanting Yin; Shailendra Kumar Sharma; Christopher T. Gibson; Vladimir Golovko; Gunther G. Andersson; Cameron J. Shearer; Gregory F. Metha
... Hydrogen production via electrocatalytic water splitting has attracted growing attention as an alternative renewable and clean energy source. Size-specific gold nanoclusters and complexes (AuNCs) can serve as models for investigating the catalytic behavior toward the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at the atomic level. This work is focused on exploring the factors influencing the catalytic activ ...