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1. A new Viola (Violaceae) from the Argentinian Andes

Author:
Watson, John M.; Flores, Ana R.; Arroyo-Leuenberger, Silvia C.
Source:
Willdenowia 2019 v.49 no.1 pp. 35-41
ISSN:
1868-6397
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; Viola; Willdenowia; ecology; forbs; indigenous species; scientific illustration; taxon descriptions; Andes region; Argentina;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Viola beati, a hitherto unknown species of V. sect. Andinium (Violaceae) is described and illustrated. It is an inconspicuous, diminutive, perennial forb currently known from only one locality in NW Argentina. We draw attention to its morphology, ecology, rarity and endemism. The differences between V. beati and its apparently only close relative, V. singularis J. M. Watson & A. R. Flores, are def ...
DOI:
10.3372/wi.49.49105

2. Tradeoffs between growth rate and water-use efficiency in seedlings of native perennials but not invasive annuals

Author:
Valliere, Justin M.
Source:
Plant ecology 2019 v.220 no.3 pp. 361-369
ISSN:
1385-0237
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; annuals; ecosystems; indigenous species; invasive species; plant communities; plant establishment; seedlings; water use efficiency; California;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Tradeoffs among species’ traits play an important role in shaping communities. These relationships may also mediate community response to environmental change. In plants of water-limited ecosystems, tradeoffs between growth and water use may impose an important physiological constraint within and across species. I investigated how functional traits associated with this tradeoff differ between seed ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11258-019-00919-y

3. Host identity and functional traits determine the community composition of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in facultative epiphytic plant species

Author:
Alguacil, M.M.; Díaz, G.; Torres, P.; Rodríguez-Caballero, G.; Roldán, A.
Source:
Fungal ecology 2019 v.39 pp. 307-315
ISSN:
1754-5048
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; Phoenix dactylifera; community structure; ecosystems; epiphytes; indicator species; indigenous species; introduced species; mycobiota; mycorrhizal fungi; soil quality;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... The epiphytic vascular mycobiota is scarce and facultative in semi-arid Mediterranean ecosystems. However, unlike in soil conditions, little is known about the factors driving mycorrhizal communities in epiphytic environments. Here, we investigated the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) harboured by 31 plant species occurring on the trunks of Phoenix dactylifera. We wanted to ascertain if host ide ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.funeco.2019.02.002

4. Mycorrhizal colonization and its relationship with plant performance differs between exotic and native grassland plant species

Author:
Sielaff, Aleksandra Checinska; Polley, H. Wayne; Fuentes-Ramirez, Andres; Hofmockel, Kirsten; Wilsey, Brian J.
Source:
Biological invasions 2019 v.21 no.6 pp. 1981-1991
ISSN:
1387-3547
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; aboveground biomass; ecological invasion; fungi; grasslands; indigenous species; introduced plants; phylogeny; subhumid zones; vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae; Texas;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Many grasslands have been transformed by exotic species with potentially novel ecological interactions. We hypothesized that exotic and native plant species differ, on average, in their percentage mycorrhizal colonization, and that mycorrhizal colonization is positively related to plant performance in the field. We compared colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) fungi in perennial native and ...
Handle:
10113/6436803
DOI:
10.1007/s10530-019-01950-w

5. Evaluating the dependence of urban pollinators on ornamental, non-native, and ‘weedy’ floral resources

Author:
Lowenstein, David M.; Matteson, Kevin C.; Minor, Emily S.
Source:
Urban ecosystems 2019 v.22 no.2 pp. 293-302
ISSN:
1083-8155
Subject:
perennial weeds,   etc   ; Angiospermae; cities; ecosystems; flowering; foraging; gardens; indigenous species; landscapes; ornamental plants; pollinators; urban areas; Illinois;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Urban landscapes are often florally rich due to extensive management of cultivated plants around the city. High abundance and diversity of these floral resources has been linked to more abundant and diverse pollinator communities, but little is known about how urban pollinators select from the wide variety of available flowers. This study provides unique insight into urban plant-pollinator interac ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11252-018-0817-z

6. Low structural complexity of nonnative grassland habitat exposes prey to higher predation

Author:
Norbury, Grant; van Overmeire, Wouter
Source:
Ecological applications 2019 v.29 no.2 pp. e01830
ISSN:
1051-0761
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; Erinaceidae; ecosystems; fauna; grasses; grasslands; habitats; indigenous species; insectivores; invertebrates; locusts; mammals; natural resources conservation; pastures; predation; predators; risk;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... The structural complexity of vegetation can have profound effects on the hunting efficiency of predators, thereby affecting their intake rate of prey. While studies have shown that vegetation complexity can play an important role in managing unwanted impacts of predators, it is less clear how structural complexity of invasive vegetation affects the vulnerability of terrestrial prey. Short nonnativ ...
DOI:
10.1002/eap.1830

7. Natural-enemies affect the seed and litter fall dynamics of Melaleuca quinquenervia in the wetlands, and influence long-term species diversity in leaf-litter

Author:
Rayamajhi, Min B.; Pratt, Paul D.; Tipping, Philip W.; Center, Ted D.; Leidi, Jorge G.; Rodgers, LeRoy
Source:
Wetlands ecology and management 2019 v.27 no.1 pp. 125-139
ISSN:
0923-4861
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; Cladium; Melaleuca quinquenervia; Myrsine; forest stands; habitats; indigenous species; leaves; natural enemies; plant litter; seeds; species diversity; wetlands; Florida;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... The exotic tree Melaleuca quinquenervia (melaleuca) has invaded and formed monotypic forest stands in ecologically sensitive wetlands of Florida. We hypothesized that natural-enemy impact would influence melaleuca’s litter and seed fall dynamics via chronic attacks, and enhance native species diversity, which will be reflected in leaf litter composition. This hypothesis was tested during 1997–2013 ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11273-018-9645-4

8. Long-Term Vegetation Recovery and Invasive Annual Suppression in Native and Introduced Postfire Seeding Treatments

Author:
Ott, Jeffrey E.; Kilkenny, Francis F.; Summers, Daniel D.; Thompson, Tyler W.
Source:
Rangeland ecology & management 2019 v.72 no.4 pp. 640-653
ISSN:
1550-7424
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; Bromus tectorum; annuals; basins; botanical composition; data collection; forbs; grasses; indigenous species; introduced plants; invasive species; long term effects; railroads; rangelands; shrublands; sowing; wildfires; woodlands; Utah;     Show all 19 Subjects
Abstract:
... Seed mixes used for postfire seeding in the Great Basin are often selected on the basis of short-term rehabilitation objectives, such as ability to rapidly establish and suppress invasive exotic annuals (e.g., cheatgrass, Bromus tectorum L.). Longer-term considerations are also important, including whether seeded plants persist, continue to suppress invasives, and promote recovery of desired veget ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.rama.2019.02.001

9. Fire Risk in Revegetated Bunchgrass Communities Infested with Bromus tectorum

Author:
Link, Steven O.; Hill, Randal W.; Bansal, Sheel
Source:
Rangeland ecology & management 2019 v.72 no.3 pp. 539-541
ISSN:
1550-7424
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; Bromus tectorum; annuals; burning; community structure; conservation areas; cryptogams; ecosystems; forbs; fuels; grasses; indigenous species; invasive species; land restoration; models; rangelands; risk; soil; Washington (state);     Show all 19 Subjects
Abstract:
... In rangeland ecosystems, invasive annual grass replacement of native perennials is associated with higher fire risk. Large bunchgrasses are often seeded to reduce cover of annuals such as Bromus tectorum L. (cheatgrass), but there is limited information about how revegetation reduces fire risk over the long term. We assessed how revegetated community composition influences fire risk at three sites ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.rama.2018.11.008

10. Invasive grass affects seed viability of native perennial shrubs in arid woodlands

Author:
Edwards, Kaisha M.; Schlesinger, Christine; Ooi, Mark K. J.; French, Kris; Gooden, Ben
Source:
Biological invasions 2019 v.21 no.5 pp. 1763-1774
ISSN:
1387-3547
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; Acacia victoriae; Cenchrus ciliaris; dormancy; ecological invasion; germination; indigenous species; introduced plants; invasive species; pastures; rain; seed weight; seeds; shrubs; soil; viability; woodlands; Australia;     Show all 18 Subjects
Abstract:
... It is often assumed that declines in native vegetation associated with alien plant invasion are driven by competition between plants for limited resources. However, invasion can also impact native plants through recruitment limitation mechanisms. We examined the effects of Cenchrus ciliaris L. (buffel grass, an alien pasture species) on the seed viability and germination of two native perennial sh ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10530-019-01933-x

11. Can we condition native plants to increase drought tolerance and improve restoration success?

Author:
Valliere, Justin M.; Zhang, Jacqueline; Sharifi, M. Rasoul; Rundel, Phillip W.
Source:
Ecological applications 2019 v.29 no.3 pp. e01863
ISSN:
1051-0761
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; arid lands; drought; drought tolerance; ecological restoration; ecosystems; indigenous species; seedlings; stress tolerance; temporal variation; water stress; water use efficiency; California;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... A common method in ecological restoration is the transplanting of nursery‐grown seedlings to the field and, with proper resources, this technique can be highly successful. However, stressors such as drought may negatively impact plant performance and restoration success, especially in dryland ecosystems. Furthermore, increasing environmental change may hamper the ability of practitioners to restor ...
DOI:
10.1002/eap.1863

12. Harvesting effects on wild bee communities in bioenergy grasslands depend on nesting guild

Author:
Spiesman, Brian J.; Bennett, Ashley; Isaacs, Rufus; Gratton, Claudio
Source:
Ecological applications 2019 v.29 no.2 pp. e01828
ISSN:
1051-0761
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; annuals; bees; bioenergy; biomass; community structure; flowers; foraging; forbs; grasslands; habitats; harvesting; indigenous species; landscapes; nesting; nesting sites; pollination; population growth; soil; species richness; thatch; Michigan; Wisconsin;     Show all 23 Subjects
Abstract:
... Conversion of annual crops to native perennial grasslands for bioenergy production may help conserve wild bees by enhancing nest and food resources. However, bee response to the disturbance of biomass harvesting may depend on their nesting location, thus their vulnerability to nest destruction, and the response of the forb community on which they forage. Moreover, because bees have long foraging r ...
DOI:
10.1002/eap.1828

13. Influence of fire and mechanical sagebrush reduction treatments on restoration seedings in Utah, United States

Author:
Wilder, Lacey E.; Veblen, Kari E.; Gunnell, Kevin L.; Monaco, Thomas A.
Source:
Restoration ecology 2019 v.27 no.2 pp. 308-319
ISSN:
1061-2971
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; Artemisia; altitude; ecosystem services; ecosystems; forbs; grasses; indigenous species; introduced species; mechanical methods; meta-analysis; mortality; planning; seedbeds; shrubs; sowing; species diversity; understory; vegetation; woody plants; Utah;     Show all 21 Subjects
Abstract:
... Overabundance of woody plants in semiarid ecosystems can degrade understory herbaceous vegetation and often requires shrub reduction and seeding to recover ecosystem services. We used meta‐analysis techniques to assess the effects of fire and mechanical shrub reduction over two post‐treatment timeframes (1–4 and 5–10 years) on changes in cover and frequency of 15 seeded species at 63 restoration s ...
DOI:
10.1111/rec.12860

14. Repeated mowing to restore remnant native grasslands invaded by nonnative annual grasses: upsides and downsides above and below ground

Author:
Valliere, Justin M.; Balch, Susan; Bell, Carole; Contreras, Carlos; Hilbig, Bridget E.
Source:
Restoration ecology 2019 v.27 no.2 pp. 261-268
ISSN:
1061-2971
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; Nassella pulchra; annuals; buried seeds; conservation areas; ecosystems; forbs; grasses; grasslands; indigenous species; introduced plants; mowing; seed maturation; soil; species diversity; California;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... California grasslands have been severely impacted by the invasion of nonnative annual grasses, which often limit restoration of this important ecosystem. In this study, we explored the use of mowing as a restoration tool for native perennial grasslands at the Santa Rosa Plateau Ecological Reserve in southern California. We sought to evaluate if, over time, mowing would reduce nonnative annual gras ...
DOI:
10.1111/rec.12873

15. Restoring a Mediterranean‐climate shrub community with perennial species reduces future invasion

Author:
Bell, Michael D.; Lulow, Megan E.; Balazs, Kathleen R.; Huxman, Kimberly A.; McCollum, Johannah R.; Huxman, Travis E.; Kimball, Sarah
Source:
Restoration ecology 2019 v.27 no.2 pp. 298-307
ISSN:
1061-2971
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; Brassica nigra; Mediterranean climate; annuals; biomass; container-grown plants; indigenous species; introduced species; invasive species; landscapes; mixing; moieties; plant communities; seedlings; shrubs; species diversity;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... Successful restoration of an invaded landscape to a diverse, invasion‐resistant native plant community requires determining the optimal native species mix to add to the landscape. We manipulated native seed mix (annuals, perennials, or a combination of the two), while controlling the growth of non‐native species to test the hypothesis that altering native species composition can influence native e ...
DOI:
10.1111/rec.12851

16. Stability of native and exotic lady beetle populations in a diverse landscape

Author:
Lamb, Robert J.; Bannerman, Jordan A.; Costamagna, Alejandro C.
Source:
Ecosphere 2019 v.10 no.3 pp. e02630
ISSN:
2150-8925
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; Coccinellidae; annuals; data collection; environmental factors; forest habitats; forest types; indigenous species; introduced species; landscapes; life history; population growth; rare species; sticky traps; summer; Michigan;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... The stability of populations is a central, yet challenging concept in ecology. Here, we examine the stability of annual abundance for populations of nine native and four exotic lady beetle species (Coccinellidae) in a mixed landscape in Michigan, USA, over 23 yr. The species have similar life histories, live together in the same habitats, and have been disturbed by the sequential introduction of e ...
DOI:
10.1002/ecs2.2630

17. The effects of nitrogen deposition and invasion on litter fuel quality and decomposition in a Stipa pulchra grassland

Author:
Hernández, Eliza; Questad, Erin J.; Meyer, Wallace M.; Suding, Katharine N.
Source:
Journal of arid environments 2019 v.162 pp. 35-44
ISSN:
0140-1963
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; Bromus hordeaceus; Nassella pulchra; annuals; biomass production; dry environmental conditions; fire regime; fuel loading; fuels; grasses; grasslands; indigenous species; introduced plants; invasive species; nitrogen; water content;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... Fuel loads from invasive annual grasses different from natives can alter the fire regime to one that positively feedbacks to their establishment, known as the grass-fire cycle. Nitrogen (N) deposition can exacerbate the grass-fire cycle by favoring non-native annual grasses and increase their biomass production, generating greater fuel loads. Less studied is how N enrichment can affect the chemica ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jaridenv.2018.11.003

18. The good with the bad: when ecological restoration facilitates native and non‐native species

Author:
Abella, Scott R.; Chiquoine, Lindsay P.
Source:
Restoration ecology 2019 v.27 no.2 pp. 343-351
ISSN:
1061-2971
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; annuals; arid lands; ecological restoration; ecosystems; indigenous species; introduced plants; islands; mulching; national parks; nurse plants; shrublands; soil; species recruitment; species richness; California; Mojave Desert;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... Organisms interact with each other along a spectrum ranging from competition to facilitation. A theme in restoration ecology is tipping the balance of these interactions to favor desired species and site conditions, exemplified by restoring fertile islands and their nurse plant effects to encourage plant recruitment. We tested the effectiveness of outplanting nursery‐grown native perennials and ve ...
DOI:
10.1111/rec.12874

19. Comparison of space‐plant versus sward plot selection in thickspike wheatgrass (Elymus lanceolatus)

Author:
Robins, Joseph G.; Jensen, Kevin B.
Source:
Plant breeding 2019 v.138 no.1 pp. 114-120
ISSN:
0179-9541
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; Acer negundo; Elymus lanceolatus; cultivars; forage; genetic correlation; grasses; heritability; indigenous species; land restoration; leaves; plant breeding; rangelands; sward; Utah;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Thickspike wheatgrass (Elymus lanceolatus [Scribn. & J.G. Sm.] Gould) is an important native perennial grass species used for rangeland revegetation in North America. Plant breeding efforts relying on space‐plant evaluations have resulted in limited improvement in this species. The purpose of this study was to characterize the performance of thickspike wheatgrass half‐sib families under space‐plan ...
DOI:
10.1111/pbr.12662

20. Effects of drought and fire on resprouting capacity of 52 temperate Australian perennial native grasses

Author:
Moore, Nicholas A.; Camac, James S.; Morgan, John W.
Source:
Thenew phytologist 2019 v.221 no.3 pp. 1424-1433
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; C3 plants; C4 plants; burning; drought; dry matter content; grasses; indigenous species; landscapes; leaf area; leaves; photosynthesis; phylogeny; probability; tillers; water stress;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... It remains uncertain how perennial grasses with different photosynthetic pathways respond to fire, and how this response varies with stress at the time of burning. Resprouting after fire was examined in relation to experimentally manipulated pre‐fire watering frequencies. We asked the following questions: are there response differences to fire between C₃ and C₄ grasses? And, how does post‐fire res ...
DOI:
10.1111/nph.15480