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... Use of herbicides is one of the most preferred options for crop protection against weeds. Imazamox is an imidazolinone (IMI)-group herbicide, and even low concentrations of imazamox might exhibit high biological activities on soil and plants. Therefore, in contrast to the conventional types of sunflowers that are sensitive to IMI-group herbicides, sunflowers that are resistive to IMI-group herbici ...
... Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) can be infected by the fungal pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, but its susceptibility varies depending on the cultivars. The aim of this study was to characterize and compare the biochemical responses between the R and the S sunflower cultivars after inoculation with S. sclerotiorum. The biochemical activities were detected by measuring necrotic cell, callose deposi ...
... The objective of this study was to analyze the mechanism of some physiological processes accompanying acquisition of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) chilling resistance due to seeds hydropriming in the presence of salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, 24-epibrassinolide followed exposition of seeds to short-term heat shock treatment. The seeds were hydroprimed at 25 °C in limited amounts of water or sol ...
... Jasmonates (JAs), a type of phytohormone, are involved in sensing and signaling of several environmental stresses (biotic and abiotic). Jasmonic acid (JA) has been suggested to function in plant responses to drought, because this type of stress induces expression of several genes that also respond to JA. We investigated the involvement of JA and its precursor (12-oxo-phytodienoic acid; OPDA) on se ...
... Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) is an important global source of plant lipids and protein for food and other industries. Salinity is an abiotic stress that affects sunflower yield. Although recent studies have revealed that the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 93 family is involved in biotic and abiotic stresses, the relationship between the CYP93A gene and salt stress is not well understood in sunflower. In t ...
... Disease resistance is a highly desirable crop trait in the sustainable agricultural industry. Endophytic fungi with gibberellins-secreting potential are now widely known for their ability to stimulate plant growth, but their role in promoting disease resistance in plants has rarely been reported. We have studied the role of Penicillium citrinum LWL4 and Aspergillus terreus LWL5 in time-dependent m ...
... Eco-friendly strategies pertinent to disease resistance in crops are desired for sustainable agriculture as they minimize chemical input into the agriculture industry. Fungal endophytes with phytohormones secreting capacity are well known for their plant growth promotion but have never been reported previously for their favourable role in plant resistance against pathogens. We studied the role of ...
... The aim of this study was to develop the method for increasing resistance of sunflower seedlings ‘Wielkopolski’ to chilling. Seeds were conditioned at 25 °C for 2 days in water to 15, 20 and 25 % moisture content or in salicylic or jasmonic acid in concentration of 10⁻²; 10⁻³ and 10⁻⁴ M or brassinolide in concentration of 10⁻⁶; 10⁻⁸ and 10⁻¹⁰–15 % moisture content. After 2 days of incubation the c ...
... The purpose of the study was to measure shoot and root dry matter (DM) and production of auxins, salicylic acid, abscisic acid, and jasmonic acid in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seedlings cultivated under water stress and singly inoculated or co-inoculated with Achromobacter xylosoxidans (SF2) and Bacillus pumilus (SF3 and SF4) bacterial strains. Shoot DM was higher in non-stressed seedlings t ...
... Jasmonates are lipid-derived hormones that act as signal molecules in abiotic and biotic stresses and influence several aspects of plant growth and development. In this work we have investigated the effect of jasmonic acid (JA) on the root architecture of Helianthus annuus seedlings and if JA and auxins interact to modulate the growth of the primary root (PR) and lateral roots (LR). The addition o ...
... The transcription factor HAHB10 belongs to the sunflower (Helianthus annuus) HD-Zip II subfamily and it has been previously associated with the induction of flowering. In this study it is shown that HAHB10 is expressed in sunflower leaves throughout the vegetative stage and in stamens during the reproductive stage. In short-day inductive conditions the expression of this gene is induced in shoot a ...
... Endophytic bacterial strains SF2 (99.9% homology with Achromobacter xylosoxidans), and SF3 and SF4 (99.9% homology with Bacillus pumilus) isolated from sunflower grown under irrigation or drought were selected on the basis of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) characteristics. Aims of the study were to examine effects of inoculation with SF2, SF3, and SF4 on sunflower cultivated under water st ...
... Phospholipids are well known messengers involved in developmental and stress responses mediating intracellular signalling. It has been hypothesized that phospholipids exist which could participate in intercellular communication events through the apoplast of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seeds. Here it is shown that extracellular washing fluids (EWFs) obtained from seeds imbibed for 2 h contain di ...
... This study was designed to isolate and characterize endophytic bacteria from sunflower (Helianthus annuus) grown under irrigation and water stress (drought) conditions, to analyze growth of isolated bacteria under drought condition, and to evaluate the ability of bacteria isolated from plants cultivated under drought to produce jasmonates (JAs) and abscisic acid (ABA). Bacteria were isolated from ...
... Resistance to the dicotyledenous parasite Orobanche cumana in sunflower is characterized by a low number of parasitic attachments and a confinement of the parasite in host tissues leading to its necrosis. To help understand what determines such resistance mechanisms, molecular, biochemical and histological approaches were employed before (early response) and after (late response) attachment of the ...
kinetin; ethylene; 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid; Helianthus annuus; dose response; biosynthesis; protein content; catalase; aminocyclopropanecarboxylate oxidase; jasmonic acid; zeatin; superoxide dismutase; cotyledons; benzyladenine; chemical constituents of plants; enzyme activity; chlorophyll
Abstract:
... Cotyledons of seven-day-old sunflower seedlings were pretreated with cytokinins prior to exposure to methyl jasmonate (MeJA). The rate of senescence was then followed by measuring chlorophyll loss, electrolyte leakage, ethylene production, and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylase (ACC) oxidase activity. MeJA promoted all these senescence parameters and the MeJA effects were partially blocked by cytok ...
Helianthus annuus; Brassica napus; measurement; chemical degradation; dose response; jasmonic acid; gene expression; Triticum aestivum; Nicotiana tabacum; esters; stereochemistry; enzyme activity; chemical structure; seed germination; transgenic plants; cotyledons; proteinase inhibitors; reporter genes; chemical constituents of plants; chlorophyll; beta-glucuronidase
Abstract:
... The importance of the two chiral centers at C-3 and C-7 in the molecular structure of jasmonic acid in plant responses was investigated. We separated methyl jasmonate (MeJA) into (3R)- and (3S)-isomers with a fixed stereochemistry at C-3, but epimerization at C-7 is possible. The four isomers of the nonepimerizable analog 7-methyl MeJA were synthesized. These six esters and their corresponding aci ...