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1. Effects of diclazuril on the expression of enolase in second-generation merozoites of Eimeria tenella

Author:
Zhou, Bian-hua; Ding, Hai-yan; Yang, Jing-yun; Chai, Jun; Guo, Hong-wei; Wang, Hong-wei
Source:
Poultry science 2020 v.99 no.12 pp. 6402-6409
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
Eimeria tenella; Escherichia coli; Western blotting; antibodies; cecum; chicken industry; chickens; cytoplasm; diclazuril; financial economics; fluorescent antibody technique; glycolysis; merozoites; messenger RNA; parasites; phosphopyruvate hydratase; plasmids; protein synthesis; quantitative polymerase chain reaction
Abstract:
... Eimeria tenella is an obligate intracellular parasite of the chicken cecum; it brings huge economic loss to the chicken industry. Enolase is a multifunctional glycolytic enzyme involved in many processes of parasites, such as infection and migration. In this study, the effect of diclazuril on the expression of enolase in second-generation merozoites of E. tenella (EtENO) was reported. The prokaryo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.psj.2020.09.068

2. Characterization of growth hormone (GH) in Chinese soft-shelled turtle: Molecular identification, capability in activating GH receptor and tissue distribution

Author:
Yang, Ming; Lin, Ying; Fan, Jie; Yin, Yupin; Yu, Pan; Meng, Fengyan; Du, Xiaogang; Han, Xingfa; Cao, Xiaohan; Kong, Fanli; Huang, Anqi; Huang, Linyan; Zeng, Xianyin; Bu, Guixian
Source:
Aquaculture reports 2020 v.18 pp. 100407
ISSN:
2352-5134
Subject:
Escherichia coli; Pelodiscus sinensis; amino acids; birds; complementary DNA; dose response; fish; growth and development; hepatoma; human diseases; ligands; liver; luciferase; messenger RNA; neoplasm cells; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; reporter genes; reptiles; signal transduction; somatotropin; tissue distribution; tissues; transcription factors
Abstract:
... Growth hormone (GH) participates in many physiological processes through the activation of its membrane-anchored receptor (GHR) in vertebrates. Because of its pivotal role in regulating growth and development, a large number of studies examining GH-GHR have been conducted in mammals, birds and fish. However, whether a functional GH-GHR pair exists in the Chinese soft-shelled turtle (st-) has not b ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.aqrep.2020.100407

3. Effects of dietary pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium supplementation on inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, and intestinal morphology in broiler chickens challenged with lipopolysaccharide

Author:
Zheng, Y.W.; Zhang, J.Y.; Zhou, H.B.; Guo, Y.P.; Ma, Q.G.; Ji, C.; Zhao, L.H.
Source:
Poultry science 2020 v.99 no.11 pp. 5389-5398
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
Escherichia coli; blood serum; body weight; broiler chickens; cages; catalase; duodenum; enzyme activity; feed additives; gene expression; glutathione peroxidase; inflammation; interleukin-10; interleukin-1beta; interleukin-6; lipopolysaccharides; liver; messenger RNA; oxidants; oxidative stress; poultry production; protective effect; quinones; superoxide dismutase; villi
Abstract:
... This study was conducted to investigate the effects of pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium (PQQ·Na₂) on inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). A 2 × 2 factorial arrangement in a complete randomized design experiment was used to study the effect of dietary PQQ·Na₂ (0 or 1 mg/kg) on broiler chickens with or with ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.psj.2020.08.007

4. Fine-Tuning of Alanyl-tRNA Synthetase Quality Control Alleviates Global Dysregulation of the Proteome

Author:
Kelly, Paul; Kavoor, Arundhati; Ibba, Michael
Source:
Genes 2020 v.11 no.10
ISSN:
2073-4425
Subject:
Escherichia coli; alanine-tRNA ligase; aminoacyl transfer RNA; aminoacylation; antibiotic resistance; antibiotics; enzyme activity; free amino acids; genome; messenger RNA; mutation; phenotype; physicochemical properties; proteins; proteome; quality control; ribosomes; translation (genetics)
Abstract:
... One integral step in the transition from a nucleic acid encoded-genome to functional proteins is the aminoacylation of tRNA molecules. To perform this activity, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) activate free amino acids in the cell forming an aminoacyl-adenylate before transferring the amino acid on to its cognate tRNA. These newly formed aminoacyl-tRNA (aa-tRNA) can then be used by the ribosome ...
DOI:
10.3390/genes11101222

5. Analysis and characterization of the Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) gene superfamily in the desert moss Syntrichia caninervis in response to abiotic stress

Author:
Wang, Jiancheng; Yang, Honglan; Gao, Bei; Bozorov, Tohir A.; Li, Xiaoshuang; Zhang, Daoyuan; Wood, Andrew J.
Source:
Environmental and experimental botany 2020 v.178 pp. 104176
ISSN:
0098-8472
Subject:
Escherichia coli; NAD (coenzyme); NADP (coenzyme); abiotic stress; abscisic acid; aldehyde dehydrogenase; aldehydes; biological soil crusts; carbon; carboxylic acids; dominant species; drought; drought tolerance; enzyme activity; germplasm; messenger RNA; models; mosses and liverworts; proteins; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; salinity; salt tolerance; transgenes; China
Abstract:
... Syntrichia caninervis is desiccation-tolerant moss and a dominant species in biological soil crusts in the Gurbantunggut desert of Northwestern China. S. caninervis is being developed as a model moss for studying the molecular mechanisms of desiccation tolerance (DT) and as a source for stress-related genes germplasm. Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) are a set of NAD (P)+ dependent enzymes that oxi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envexpbot.2020.104176

6. Effects of lipopolysaccharide exposure in primary bovine ruminal epithelial cells

Author:
Kent-Dennis, C.; Aschenbach, J.R.; Griebel, P.J.; Penner, G.B.
Source:
Journal of dairy science 2020 v.103 no.10 pp. 9587-9603
ISSN:
0022-0302
Subject:
Escherichia coli; Holstein; Toll-like receptor 2; Toll-like receptor 4; beef cattle; bulls; calves; cell viability; chemokine CXCL2; endotoxins; epithelial cells; flow cytometry; gene expression; gene expression regulation; genes; inflammation; interleukin-7; interleukin-8; lipopolysaccharides; messenger RNA; propidium; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; transcription (genetics); tumor necrosis factors; yearlings
Abstract:
... The objective of this study was to investigate whether cultured ruminal epithelial cells (REC) responded to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation and determine whether LPS induced a proinflammatory response. Primary bovine REC were isolated and grown in culture for 2 studies. In study 1, REC were isolated from Holstein bull calves (n = 8) and grown in culture for 10 to 12 d. Cells were then exposed ...
DOI:
10.3168/jds.2020-18652

7. Potential Probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus (MTCC-5897) Inhibits Escherichia coli Impaired Intestinal Barrier Function by Modulating the Host Tight Junction Gene Response

Author:
Bhat, Mohd Iqbal; Sowmya, Kandukuri; Kapila, Suman; Kapila, Rajeev
Source:
Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins 2020 v.12 no.3 pp. 1149-1160
ISSN:
1867-1306
Subject:
Escherichia coli; Lactobacillus rhamnosus; food additives; foodborne illness; gastrointestinal diseases; gene expression; genes; human cell lines; intestines; messenger RNA; occludins; phenolsulfonphthalein; probiotics; tight junctions
Abstract:
... Probiotic as a preventive medicine is emerging as an indispensable tool in addressing the foodborne infections or gastrointestinal disorders. The present study was sought to determine the in vitro prophylactic potential of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LR: MTCC-5897) against Escherichia coli (ATCC 14948) induced impairment in intestinal barrier function using Caco-2 cells. Intestinal cells ex ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12602-019-09608-8

8. A novel nonsense mutation in NPR2 gene causing Acromesomelic dysplasia, type Maroteaux in a consanguineous family in Southern Punjab (Pakistan)

Author:
Mustafa, Saima; Akhtar, Zafrin; Latif, Muhammad; Hassan, Mubashir; Faisal, Muhammad; Iqbal, Furhan
Source:
Genes & genomics 2020 v.42 no.8 pp. 847-854
ISSN:
1976-9571
Subject:
Escherichia coli; Western blotting; amino acids; bones; etiological agents; exons; humans; inheritance (genetics); messenger RNA; models; nonsense mutation; patients; polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; protein structure; sequence alignment; siblings; stop codon; Pakistan
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Acromesomelic dysplasia, type Maroteaux (AMDM) is a rare skeletal dysplasia following autosomal recessive mode of inheritance and characterized by abnormal growth plates, short and abnormal bones in the extremities and spine. OBJECTIVE: Present study was designed to report the molecular basis of AMDM in enrolled consanguineous family from Pakistan. METHODS: A consanguineous family from ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13258-020-00955-3

9. Hedgehog promotes cell proliferation in the midgut of silkworm, Bombyx mori

Author:
Zhu, Shun‐Qin; Zhang, Ya‐Jun; Abbas, Muhammad Nadeem; Hao, Xiang‐Wei; Zhao, Yu‐Zu; Liang, Hang‐Hua; Cui, Hong‐Juan; Yang, Li‐Qun
Source:
Insect science 2020 v.27 no.4 pp. 697-707
ISSN:
1672-9609
Subject:
Bacillus thuringiensis; Bombyx mori; Escherichia coli; cell proliferation; cyclopamine; double-stranded RNA; embryogenesis; evolution; gene expression regulation; homeostasis; insect larvae; ligands; messenger RNA; midgut; signal transduction; silkworms; transcription factors
Abstract:
... The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway is one of the major regulators of embryonic development and tissue homeostasis in multicellular organisms. However, the role of this pathway in the silkworm, especially in the silkworm midgut, remains poorly understood. Here, we report that Bombyx mori Hedgehog (BmHh) is expressed in most tissues of silkworm larvae and that its functions are well‐conserved throu ...
DOI:
10.1111/1744-7917.12672

10. Large-scale identification of trans-translation substrates targeted by tmRNA in Aeromonas veronii

Author:
Peng, Muzhi; Cao, Xin; Tang, Yanqiong; Li, Hong; Ma, Xiang; Liu, Zhu
Source:
Microbial pathogenesis 2020 v.145 pp. 104226
ISSN:
0882-4010
Subject:
Aeromonas veronii; Escherichia coli; Western blotting; animal pathogenic bacteria; antibodies; databases; histidine; liquid chromatography; messenger RNA; metabolism; nucleotides; peptides; phenotype; ribosomes; signal transduction; tandem mass spectrometry; translation (genetics)
Abstract:
... Transfer-messenger RNA (tmRNA) is ubiquitous in bacteria, acting as the core component for the trans-translation system that contributes to label the aberrantly synthesized peptides for degradation and to release the stalled ribosomes. Deletion of tmRNA causes a variety of phenotypes related to important physiological processes in bacteria. To illustrate the molecular mechanism of the versatility ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104226

11. Molecular characterization and biological function of a tandem-repeat galectin-9 in Qihe crucian carp Carassius auratus

Author:
Wang, Li; Zhang, Jie; Zhao, Xianliang; Pei, Chao; Li, Li; Kong, Xianghui
Source:
Fish & shellfish immunology 2020 v.103 pp. 366-376
ISSN:
1050-4648
Subject:
Aeromonas hydrophila; Carassius auratus; Escherichia coli; Gram-negative bacteria; Gram-positive bacteria; amino acids; beta-glucans; binding capacity; complementary DNA; erythrocytes; fungi; galectins; gene expression; immune response; kidneys; lipopolysaccharides; liver; messenger RNA; open reading frames; peptidoglycans; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; rabbits; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; spleen; tissues
Abstract:
... Galectin-9, as one of the important PRRs in host, could initiate the immune defense responses through recognizing and binding PAMPs on the surface of invading microorganisms. In this study, a new galectin-9 cDNA was identified and characterized in Qihe crucian carp Carassius auratus (named as CaGal-9). The complete cDNA sequence of CaGal-9 was 1318 bp, with an open reading frame (ORF) of 963 bp en ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fsi.2020.04.054

12. Molecular cloning and functional analysis of hyoscyamine 6β-hydroxylase (H6H) in the poisonous and medicinal plant Datura innoxia mill

Author:
Li, Qing; Zhu, Tingting; Zhang, Rui; Bu, Qitao; Yin, Jun; Zhang, Lei; Chen, Wansheng
Source:
Plant physiology and biochemistry 2020 v.153 pp. 11-19
ISSN:
0981-9428
Subject:
Datura inoxia; Escherichia coli; Oriental traditional medicine; aerial parts; amino acid sequences; amino acids; atropine; biochemical pathways; complementary DNA; flowers; gene overexpression; hyoscyamine (6S)-dioxygenase; medicinal plants; messenger RNA; metabolic engineering; molecular cloning; open reading frames; roots; scopolamine; seeds
Abstract:
... Datura innoxia Mill., a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, produces tropane alkaloids such as hyoscyamine and scopolamine. Scopolamine has a larger demand than hyoscyamine due to its stronger pharmacological effects and fewer side reactions. It is extracted from solanaceous plants. However, the content of scopolamine is lower than hyoscyamine in D. innoxia. Hyoscyamine 6β-hydroxylase (H6H, EC1.1 ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.04.021

13. Short communication: Effects of moringa extract on adhesion and invasion of Escherichia coli O55 in bovine mammary epithelial cells

Author:
Cheng, W.N.; Jeong, C.H.; Kim, D.H.; Han, S.G.
Source:
Journal of dairy science 2020 v.103 no.8 pp. 7416-7424
ISSN:
0022-0302
Subject:
Enterococcus faecalis; Escherichia coli; Moringa; Serratia liquefasciens; Staphylococcus simulans; adhesion; antibacterial properties; antioxidant activity; antioxidant enzymes; bacterial adhesion; cattle; epithelial cells; gene expression; heme oxygenase (biliverdin-producing); in vivo studies; leaf extracts; leaves; mammary glands; messenger RNA; minimum inhibitory concentration; pathogens; quantitative polymerase chain reaction
Abstract:
... The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activities of extract derived from moringa leaves. In particular, the effect of moringa extract (Mor) on adhesion and invasion of Escherichia coli O55, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus simulans, and Serratia liquefaciens was evaluated in bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T). Broth microdilution method, minimum inhibitory concent ...
DOI:
10.3168/jds.2019-17774

14. Functional Characterization and in Silico Analysis of Phytoene Synthase Family Genes Responsible for Carotenoid Biosynthesis in Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.)

Author:
Wu, Chuan; Sun, Lei; Lv, Yuanzuo; Cui, Haonan; Wang, Xuezheng; Gao, Peng; Luan, Feishi
Source:
Agronomy 2020 v.10 no.8
ISSN:
2073-4395
Subject:
Citrullus lanatus; Escherichia coli; biosynthesis; carotenoids; catalytic activity; computer simulation; cultivars; developmental stages; fruits; gene expression regulation; genes; hormones; messenger RNA; phytoene synthase; pigments; promoter regions; ripening; sequence analysis; transcription factors; watermelons
Abstract:
... Carotenoids are the main pigments in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) fruit and contribute to its aesthetic and nutritional value. Phytoene synthase (PSY) is reported to be the first rate-limiting enzyme in carotenogenesis and controls the carotenoid flux. This study aimed to identify PSY genes responsible for carotenoid biosynthesis in the red-fleshed watermelon cultivar LSW-177. The PSY gene me ...
DOI:
10.3390/agronomy10081077

15. Polysomes Bypass a 50-Nucleotide Coding Gap Less Efficiently Than Monosomes Due to Attenuation of a 5′ mRNA Stem–Loop and Enhanced Drop-off

Author:
O'Loughlin, Sinéad; Capece, Mark C.; Klimova, Mariia; Wills, Norma M.; Coakley, Arthur; Samatova, Ekaterina; O'Connor, Patrick B.F.; Loughran, Gary; Weissman, Jonathan S.; Baranov, Pavel V.; Rodnina, Marina V.; Puglisi, Joseph D.; Atkins, John F.
Source:
Journal of molecular biology 2020 v.432 no.16 pp. 4369-4387
ISSN:
0022-2836
Subject:
DNA topoisomerase; Escherichia coli; genes; messenger RNA; mutagenesis; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; nucleotides; phages; polyribosomes
Abstract:
... Efficient translational bypassing of a 50-nt non-coding gap in a phage T4 topoisomerase subunit gene (gp60) requires several recoding signals. Here we investigate the function of the mRNA stem–loop 5′ of the take-off codon, as well as the importance of ribosome loading density on the mRNA for efficient bypassing. We show that polysomes are less efficient at mediating bypassing than monosomes, both ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jmb.2020.05.010

16. Effects of spermine on ileal physical barrier, antioxidant capacity, metabolic profile and large intestinal bacteria in piglets

Author:
Liu, Guangmang; Mo, Weiwei; Cao, Wei; Wu, Xianjian; Jia, Gang; Zhao, Hua; Chen, Xiaoling; Wu, Caimei; Wang, Jing
Source:
RSC advances 2020 v.10 no.45 pp. 26709-26716
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Bifidobacterium; Escherichia coli; Lactobacillus; absorption barrier; alanine; antioxidant activity; antioxidants; bacteria; catalase; cecum; choline; creatine; digesta; digestive enzymes; enzyme activity; gene expression; glutamic acid; glutathione; glutathione peroxidase; glutathione transferase; homeostasis; ileum; immunity; intestinal microorganisms; lactic acid; lysine; messenger RNA; milk; myosin light chain kinase; occludins; phenylalanine; piglets; serine; spermine; threonine; tissues; tyrosine
Abstract:
... Spermine, a polyamine, exerts important roles in alleviating oxidative damage, improving immunity, increasing antioxidant status and digestive enzyme activities, and promoting the development of small intestine. However, information is not available regarding the effects of spermine supplementation on gut barrier function, intestinal microbiota and metabolic profile in piglets. Therefore, this stu ...
DOI:
10.1039/c9ra10406b

17. Stress Can Induce Transcription of Toxin-Antitoxin Systems without Activating Toxin

Author:
LeRoux, Michele; Culviner, Peter H.; Liu, Yue J.; Littlehale, Megan L.; Laub, Michael T.
Source:
Molecular cell 2020 v.79 no.2 pp. 280-292.e8
ISSN:
1097-2765
Subject:
Escherichia coli; antitoxins; autoregulation; cell growth; enzymes; genome; messenger RNA; phenotype; proteolysis; sequence analysis; stress response; toxins; transcription (genetics)
Abstract:
... Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are ubiquitous genetic elements in bacterial genomes, but their functions are controversial. Although they are frequently postulated to regulate cell growth following stress, few null phenotypes for TA systems have been reported. Here, we show that TA transcript levels can increase substantially in response to stress, but toxin is not liberated. We find that the growth ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.molcel.2020.05.028

18. Recombinant lactobacillin PlnK adjusts the gut microbiome distribution in broilers

Author:
Xu, L.; Zhou, J.; Qu, G.; Lin, Z.; Fan, Q.; Wang, C.; Wang, Q.
Source:
British poultry science 2020 v.61 no.4 pp. 390-399
ISSN:
1466-1799
Subject:
Bacteroides; Escherichia coli; Gram-negative bacteria; Gram-positive bacteria; Lachnospiraceae; Lactobacillus; Ruminococcaceae; Streptococcus; Toll-like receptor 3; duodenum; heterologous gene expression; immune response; immunoglobulin A; interferon-alpha; interferon-beta; intestinal microorganisms; liquids; messenger RNA; mucus; plantaricins; protein synthesis
Abstract:
... 1. The heterologous expression and biological function of the Lactobacillus bacteriocin plantaricin K (PlnK) remain largely unknown. 2. In this study, PlnK was efficiently expressed in competent E. coli BL21 (used in transformation and protein expression) after 12 h, at 37°C and in 0.4 mmol/l isopropyl β- d-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG). 3. The inhibitory bacterial spectrum of recombinant PlnK wa ...
DOI:
10.1080/00071668.2020.1752911

19. Alterations of peripheral gene expression in response to lipopolysaccharide-induced synovitis as a model for inflammation in horses

Author:
Page, Allen E.; Adam, Emma; Stewart, John C.; Gonzales, Christopher; Barker, Virginia; Horohov, David W.
Source:
Veterinary immunology and immunopathology 2020 v.225 pp. 110058
ISSN:
0165-2427
Subject:
Escherichia coli; Toll-like receptor 4; amyloid; analysis of variance; blood serum; chemokine CCL8; detection limit; gene expression; gene expression regulation; genes; horses; inflammation; interleukin-10; interleukin-1beta; interleukin-8; lameness; lipopolysaccharides; messenger RNA; mixed breeds; models; synovitis; transcription (genetics); tumor necrosis factor-alpha
Abstract:
... While the use of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce inflammation has been well described in the horse, the object of this study was to evaluate the effect of repeated intra-articular LPS injections and determine whether this method may be of use to assess changes in gene expression related to inflammation. Six mixed breed horses were utilized for this study, with three horses aged 10−17 years (old ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vetimm.2020.110058

20. Function analysis of RNase E in the filamentous cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7120

Author:
Yan, Huaduo; Cheng, Yarui; Wang, Li; Chen, Wenli
Source:
Research in microbiology 2020 v.171 no.5-6 pp. 194-202
ISSN:
0923-2508
Subject:
Anabaena; Escherichia coli; active sites; catalytic activity; cell division; deoxyribonuclease I; gene overexpression; messenger RNA; metabolism; models; mutation; photosynthetic bacteria; quantitative analysis; ribonucleases; transcription (genetics)
Abstract:
... RNase E is an endoribonuclease and plays a central role in RNA metabolism. Cyanobacteria, as ancient oxygen-producing photosynthetic bacteria, also contain RNase E homologues. Here, we introduced mutations into the S1 subdomain (F53A), the 5′-sensor subdomain (R160A), and the DNase I subdomain (D296A) according to the key activity sites of Escherichia coli RNase E. The results of degradation assay ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.resmic.2020.06.001