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1. A Cytokinin Perception Mutant Colonized by Rhizobium in the Absence of Nodule Organogenesis

Author:
Murray, Jeremy D.; Karas, Bogumil J.; Sato, Shusei; Tabata, Satoshi; Amyot, Lisa; Szczyglowski, Krzysztof
Source:
Science 2007 v.315 no.5808 pp. 101-104
ISSN:
0036-8075
Subject:
nitrogen fixation,   etc   ; Lotus corniculatus var. japonicus; Rhizobium; cell division; cortex; cytokinins; genes; homozygosity; legumes; loci; mutants; mutation; organogenesis; symbiosis;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... In legumes, Nod-factor signaling by rhizobia initiates the development of the nitrogen-fixing nodule symbiosis, but the direct cell division stimulus that brings about nodule primordia inception in the root cortex remains obscure. We showed that Lotus japonicus plants homozygous for a mutation in the HYPERINFECTED 1 (HIT1) locus exhibit abundant infection-thread formation but fail to initiate time ...
DOI:
10.1126/science.1132514

2. A Functional General Stress Response of Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens Is Required for Early Stages of Host Plant Infection

Author:
Ledermann, Raphael; Bartsch, Ilka; Müller, Barbara; Wülser, Janine; Fischer, Hans-Martin
Source:
Molecular plant-microbe interactions 2018 v.31 no.5 pp. 537-547
ISSN:
0894-0282
Subject:
nitrogen fixation,   etc   ; Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens; Bradyrhizobium japonicum; bacteria; host plants; mutants; phylogeny; root hairs; root nodules; sigma factors; soybeans; stress response; symbionts; symbiosis;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... Phylogenetically diverse bacteria respond to various stress conditions by mounting a general stress response (GSR) resulting in the induction of protection or damage repair functions. In α-proteobacteria, the GSR is induced by a regulatory cascade consisting of the extracytoplasmic function (ECF) σ factor σᴱᶜᶠᴳ, its anti-σ factor NepR, and the anti-anti-σ factor PhyR. We have reported previously t ...
DOI:
10.1094/MPMI-11-17-0284-R

3. A mutant GlnD nitrogen sensor protein leads to a nitrogen-fixing but ineffective Sinorhizobium meliloti symbiosis with alfalfa

Author:
Yurgel, Svetlana N.; Kahn, Michael L.
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2008 v.105 no.48 pp. 18958-18963
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
nitrogen fixation,   etc   ; plant growth; nitrogen metabolism; nutrient transport; symbiosis; Medicago sativa; Ensifer meliloti; alfalfa; bacterial proteins; mutants;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... The nitrogen-fixing symbiosis between rhizobia and legume plants is a model of coevolved nutritional complementation. The plants reduce atmospheric CO₂ by photosynthesis and provide carbon compounds to symbiotically associated bacteria; the rhizobia use these compounds to reduce (fix) atmospheric N₂ to ammonia, a form of nitrogen the plants can use. A key feature of symbiotic N₂ fixation is that N ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0808048105
PubMed:
19020095
PubMed Central:
PMC2596199

4. A Nodule-Specific Protein Secretory Pathway Required for Nitrogen-Fixing Symbiosis

Author:
Wang, Dong; Griffitts, Joel; Starker, Colby; Fedorova, Elena; Limpens, Erik; Ivanov, Sergey; Bisseling, Ton; Long, Sharon
Source:
Science 2010 v.327 no.5969 pp. 1126-1129
ISSN:
0036-8075
Subject:
nitrogen fixation,   etc   ; Ensifer meliloti; Medicago truncatula; bacteria; genes; host plants; mutants; protein secretion; symbiosis;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... The nitrogen-fixing symbiosis between Sinorhizobium meliloti and its leguminous host plant Medicago truncatula occurs in a specialized root organ called the nodule. Bacteria that are released into plant cells are surrounded by a unique plant membrane compartment termed a symbiosome. We found that in the symbiosis-defective dnf1 mutant of M. truncatula, bacteroid and symbiosome development are bloc ...
DOI:
10.1126/science.1184096
PubMed:
20185723
PubMed Central:
PMC4824053

5. A Novel Ankyrin-Repeat Membrane Protein, IGN1, Is Required for Persistence of Nitrogen-Fixing Symbiosis in Root Nodules of Lotus japonicus

Author:
Kumagai, Hirotaka; Hakoyama, Tsuneo; Umehara, Yosuke; Sato, Shusei; Kaneko, Takakazu; Tabata, Satoshi; Kouchi, Hiroshi
Source:
Plant physiology 2007 v.143 no.3 pp. 1293-1305
ISSN:
0032-0889
Subject:
nitrogen fixation,   etc   ; transmembrane proteins; legumes; symbiosis; hosts; developmental stages; root nodules; nodulation; cytoplasm; genes; molecular cloning; Rhizobium; mutants; Lotus corniculatus var. japonicus; bacteria;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Nitrogen-fixing symbiosis of legume plants with Rhizobium bacteria is established through complex interactions between two symbiotic partners. Similar to the mutual recognition and interactions at the initial stages of symbiosis, nitrogen fixation activity of rhizobia inside root nodules of the host legume is also controlled by specific interactions during later stages of nodule development. We is ...
DOI:
10.1104/pp.106.095356
PubMed:
17277093
PubMed Central:
PMC1820915

6. A Peptidoglycan-Remodeling Enzyme Is Critical for Bacteroid Differentiation in Bradyrhizobium spp. During Legume Symbiosis

Author:
Gully, Djamel; Gargani, Daniel; Bonaldi, Katia; Grangeteau, Cédric; Chaintreuil, Clémence; Fardoux, Joël; Nguyen, Phuong; Marchetti, Roberta; Nouwen, Nico; Molinaro, Antonio; Mergaert, Peter; Giraud, Eric
Source:
Molecular plant-microbe interactions 2016 v.29 no.6 pp. 447-457
ISSN:
0894-0282
Subject:
nitrogen fixation,   etc   ; Aeschynomene; Bradyrhizobium; bacteria; cell growth; exopolysaccharides; immune response; lipopolysaccharides; mutants; mutation; necrosis; peptidoglycans; roots; soybeans; symbionts; symbiosis;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... In response to the presence of compatible rhizobium bacteria, legumes form symbiotic organs called nodules on their roots. These nodules house nitrogen-fixing bacteroids that are a differentiated form of the rhizobium bacteria. In some legumes, the bacteroid differentiation comprises a dramatic cell enlargement, polyploidization, and other morphological changes. Here, we demonstrate that a peptido ...
DOI:
10.1094/MPMI-03-16-0052-R

7. A putative 3‐hydroxyisobutyryl‐CoA hydrolase is required for efficient symbiotic nitrogen fixation in Sinorhizobium meliloti and Sinorhizobium fredii NGR234

Author:
Zamani, Maryam; diCenzo, George C.; Milunovic, Branislava; Finan, Turlough M.
Source:
Environmental microbiology 2017 v.19 no.1 pp. 218-236
ISSN:
1462-2912
Subject:
nitrogen fixation,   etc   ; 3-hydroxybutyric acid; Ensifer meliloti; Leucaena leucocephala; Macroptilium atropurpureum; Sinorhizobium fredii; Vigna unguiculata; alfalfa; enzyme activity; genes; host plants; hydrolases; metabolism; mutants; nitrogenase; symbionts; symbiosis; toxicity; valine;     Show all 19 Subjects
Abstract:
... We report that the smb20752 gene of the alfalfa symbiont Sinorhizobium meliloti is a novel symbiotic gene required for full N₂‐fixation. Deletion of smb20752 resulted in lower nitrogenase activity and smaller nodules without impacting overall nodule morphology. Orthologs of smb20752 were present in all alpha and beta rhizobia, including the ngr_b20860 gene of Sinorhizobium fredii NGR234. A ngr_b20 ...
DOI:
10.1111/1462-2920.13570

8. A putative TetR-type transcription factor AZC_3265 from the legume symbiont Azorhizobium caulinodans represses the production of R-bodies that are toxic to eukaryotic cells

Author:
Matsuoka, Jun-ichi; Ishizuna, Fumiko; Kurumisawa, Keigo; Morohashi, Kengo; Ogawa, Tetsuhiro; Hidaka, Makoto; Saito, Katsuharu; Ezawa, Tatsuhiro; Aono, Toshihiro
Source:
Soil science and plant nutrition 2017 v.63 no.5 pp. 452-459
ISSN:
1747-0765
Subject:
nitrogen fixation,   etc   ; Azorhizobium caulinodans; Sesbania rostrata; bacteria; consensus sequence; environmental factors; eukaryotic cells; gel electrophoresis; gene deletion; legumes; loci; microsymbionts; mutagenesis; mutants; operon; promoter regions; proteinases; roots; screening; stem nodules; symbiosis; systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment; toxicity; transcription (genetics); transcription factors;     Show all 25 Subjects
Abstract:
... Azorhizobium caulinodans ORS571 is a microsymbiont of the legume Sesbania rostrata, which forms nitrogen-fixing nodules on stems and roots. This bacterium harbors a reb operon, which is associated with R-body production. R-bodies are large proteinaceous ribbons and were first observed in Caedibacter species, which are obligate bacterial endosymbionts in paramecia. R-body-producing Caedibacter spec ...
DOI:
10.1080/00380768.2017.1371571

9. A vapBC‐type toxin–antitoxin module of Sinorhizobium meliloti influences symbiotic efficiency and nodule senescence of Medicago sativa

Author:
Lipuma, Justine; Cinege, Gyöngyi; Bodogai, Monica; Oláh, Boglárka; Kiers, Aurélie; Endre, Gabriella; Dupont, Laurence; Dusha, Ilona
Source:
Environmental microbiology 2014 v.16 no.12 pp. 3714-3729
ISSN:
1462-2912
Subject:
nitrogen fixation,   etc   ; viability; proteins; metabolism; soil bacteria; phenotype; chromosomes; symbiosis; antitoxins; host plants; Medicago sativa; Ensifer meliloti; root nodules; plasmids; environmental factors; genes; mutants;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... The symbiotic nitrogen‐fixing soil bacterium Sinorhizobium meliloti carries a large number of toxin–antitoxin (TA) modules both on the chromosome and megaplasmids. One of them, the vapBC‐5 module that belongs to the type II systems was characterized here. It encodes an active toxin vapC‐5, and was shown to be controlled negatively by the complex of its own proteins. Different mutants of the vapBC‐ ...
DOI:
10.1111/1462-2920.12608

10. Boron deficiency affects rhizobia cell surface polysaccharides important for suppression of plant defense mechanisms during legume recognition and for development of nitrogen-fixing symbiosis

Author:
Abreu, Isidro; Cerda, María Eugenia; de Nanclares, Marta Pérez; Baena, Irene; Lloret, Javier; Bonilla, Ildefonso; Bolaños, Luis; Reguera, María
Source:
Plant and soil 2012 v.361 no.1-2 pp. 385-395
ISSN:
0032-079X
Subject:
nitrogen fixation,   etc   ; acetone; adsorption; boron; defense mechanisms; lipopolysaccharides; mutants; mutation; nodulation; peas; proteins; root nodules; starvation; symbiosis;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Boron (B) deficiency negatively affects legume–rhizobia symbiotic interactions and the development of N₂-fixing nodules. Many described alterations are related to plant-derived carbohydrates involved in plant–microbe interactions; however, the effects of B on the bacterial polysaccharides that are crucial for correct symbiosis are unknown. METHODS: Exopolysaccharide (EPS) prod ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11104-012-1229-0

11. Both Plant and Bacterial Nitrate Reductases Contribute to Nitric Oxide Production in Medicago truncatula Nitrogen-Fixing Nodules

Author:
Horchani, Faouzi; Prévot, Marianne; Boscari, Alexandre; Evangelisti, Edouard; Meilhoc, Eliane; Bruand, Claude; Raymond, Philippe; Boncompagni, Eric; Aschi-Smiti, Samira; Puppo, Alain; Brouquisse, Renaud
Source:
Plant physiology 2011 v.155 no.2 pp. 1023-1036
ISSN:
0032-0889
Subject:
nitrogen fixation,   etc   ; Medicago truncatula; RNA interference; electron transport chain; energy; hypoxia; leaves; legumes; mutants; nitrate reductase; nitrates; nitric oxide; nitrites; normoxia; oxygen; roots; symbiosis;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... Nitric oxide (NO) is a signaling and defense molecule of major importance in living organisms. In the model legume Medicago truncatula, NO production has been detected in the nitrogen fixation zone of the nodule, but the systems responsible for its synthesis are yet unknown and its role in symbiosis is far from being elucidated. In this work, using pharmacological and genetic approaches, we explor ...
DOI:
10.1104/pp.110.166140
PubMed:
21139086
PubMed Central:
PMC3032450

12. Characterisation of new symbiotic Medicago truncatula (Gaertn.) mutants, and phenotypic or genotypic complementary information on previously described mutants

Author:
Morandi, D.; Prado, E.; Sagan, M.; Duc, G.
Source:
Mycorrhiza 2005 v.15 no.4 pp. 283-289
ISSN:
0940-6360
Subject:
nitrogen fixation,   etc   ; mycorrhizal fungi; phenotype; symbiosis; mutagenesis; genetic variation; Ensifer meliloti; mutants; Glomus mosseae; legumes; nodulation; Rhizophagus intraradices; Medicago truncatula;     Show all 13 Subjects
DOI:
10.1007/s00572-004-0331-4
PubMed:
15558330

13. Cloning and Identification of lpsH, a Novel Gene Playing a Fundamental Role in Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation of Mesorhizobium huakuii

Author:
Cheng, Guojun; Li, Youguo; Xie, Bo; Yang, Chengyun; Zhou, Junchu
Source:
Current microbiology 2007 v.54 no.5 pp. 371-375
ISSN:
0343-8651
Subject:
nitrogen fixation,   etc   ; Astragalus sinicus; Mesorhizobium huakuii; amino acids; genes; molecular weight; mutants; mutation; nucleotide sequences; phenotype; root nodules; screening; sequence analysis; signal peptide; symbiosis;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Mesorhizobium huakuii 7653R forms a symbiotic relationship with Astragalus sinicus to produce nitrogen-fixing root nodules under nitrogen-limiting conditions. By screening its transposon-inserted mutant library, a mutation in the lpsH gene was found to form pseudonodules on A. sinicus. Its effect was further confirmed by double-crossover mutant HK242. DNA sequence analysis revealed that the lpsH g ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00284-006-0471-1
PubMed:
17486406

14. Conditional Requirement for Exopolysaccharide in the Mesorhizobium–Lotus Symbiosis

Author:
Kelly, Simon J.; Muszyński, Artur; Kawaharada, Yasuyuki; Hubber, Andree M.; Sullivan, John T.; Sandal, Niels; Carlson, Russell W.; Stougaard, Jens; Ronson, Clive W.
Source:
Molecular plant-microbe interactions 2013 v.26 no.3 pp. 319-329
ISSN:
0894-0282
Subject:
nitrogen fixation,   etc   ; Lotus corniculatus; Mesorhizobium loti; biosynthesis; ecotypes; environmental factors; exopolysaccharides; legumes; molecular weight; mutants; phenotype; roots; symbiosis;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Rhizobial surface polysaccharides are required for nodule formation on the roots of at least some legumes but the mechanisms by which they act are yet to be determined. As a first step to investigate the function of exopolysaccharide (EPS) in the formation of determinate nodules, we isolated Mesorhizobium loti mutants affected in various steps of EPS biosynthesis and characterized their symbiotic ...
DOI:
10.1094/MPMI-09-12-0227-R

15. Copper Tolerance Mechanisms of Mesorhizobium amorphae and Its Role in Aiding Phytostabilization by Robinia pseudoacacia in Copper Contaminated Soil

Author:
Hao, Xiuli; Xie, Pin; Zhu, Yong-Guan; Taghavi, Safyih; Wei, Gehong; Rensing, Christopher
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2015 v.49 no.4 pp. 2328-2340
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
nitrogen fixation,   etc   ; Mesorhizobium amorphae; Rhizobium; Robinia pseudoacacia; adenosinetriphosphatase; copper; genes; growth retardation; heavy metals; homeostasis; leghemoglobin; legumes; metal tolerance; mutagenesis; mutants; nitrogen content; nodulation; phenotype; phytomass; phytoremediation; plant growth; polluted soils; protective effect; resistance mechanisms; ribosomal proteins; symbiosis; transposons;     Show all 27 Subjects
Abstract:
... The legume–rhizobium symbiosis has been proposed as an important system for phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soils due to its beneficial activity of symbiotic nitrogen fixation. However, little is known about metal resistant mechanism of rhizobia and the role of metal resistance determinants in phytoremediation. In this study, copper resistance mechanisms were investigated for a multip ...
DOI:
10.1021/es504956a

16. Coupling between Nitrogen Fixation and Tetrachlorobiphenyl Dechlorination in a Rhizobium–Legume Symbiosis

Author:
Wang, Xiaomi; Teng, Ying; Tu, Chen; Luo, Yongming; Greening, Chris; Zhang, Ning; Dai, Shixiang; Ren, Wenjie; Zhao, Ling; Li, Zhengao
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.4 pp. 2217-2224
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
nitrogen fixation,   etc   ; Ensifer meliloti; Medicago sativa; biphenyl; dechlorination; enzyme inhibitors; hydrogen; leghemoglobin; models; molybdates; mutants; nitrates; nitrogenase; phytoremediation; polluted soils; polychlorinated biphenyls; roots; seedlings; symbionts; symbiosis; vermiculite;     Show all 21 Subjects
Abstract:
... Legume–rhizobium symbioses have the potential to remediate soils contaminated with chlorinated organic compounds. Here, the model symbiosis between Medicago sativa and Sinorhizobium meliloti was used to explore the relationships between symbiotic nitrogen fixation and transformation of tetrachlorobiphenyl PCB 77 within this association. 45-day-old seedlings in vermiculite were pretreated with 5 mg ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.7b05667

17. DctBD-dependent and -independent expression of the Sinorhizobium (Rhizobium) meliloti C4-dicarboxylate transport gene (dctA) during symbiosis

Author:
Boesten, B.; Batut, J.; Biostard, P.
Source:
Molecular plant-microbe interactions 1998 v.11 no.9 pp. 878-886
ISSN:
0894-0282
Subject:
nitrogen fixation,   etc   ; symbiosis; host plants; Medicago sativa; Ensifer meliloti; root nodules; gene expression; mutants; reporter genes; nucleotide sequences;     Show all 10 Subjects
DOI:
10.1094/MPMI.1998.11.9.878

18. Delayed maturation of nodules reduces symbiotic effectiveness of the Lotus japonicus-Rhizobium sp. NGR234 interaction

Author:
Schumpp, Olivier; Crèvecoeur, Michèle; Broughton, William J.; Deakin, William J.
Source:
Journal of experimental botany 2009 v.60 no.2 pp. 581-590
ISSN:
0022-0957
Subject:
nitrogen fixation,   etc   ; Lotus corniculatus var. japonicus; Mesorhizobium loti; Rhizobium; ecotypes; legumes; mutants; nodulation; plant growth; symbiosis;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Lotus japonicus, a model legume, develops an efficient, nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with Mesorhizobium loti that promotes plant growth. Lotus japonicus also forms functional nodules with Rhizobium sp. NGR234 and R. etli. Yet, in a plant defence-like reaction, nodules induced by R. etli quickly degenerate, thus limiting plant growth. In contrast, nodules containing NGR234 are long-lasting. It was fou ...
DOI:
10.1093/jxb/ern302
PubMed:
19060298
PubMed Central:
PMC2651464

19. Deletion of the SACPD-C Locus Alters the Symbiotic Relationship Between Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA110 and Soybean, Resulting in Elicitation of Plant Defense Response and Nodulation Defects

Author:
Krishnan, Hari B.; Alaswad, Alaa A.; Oehrle, Nathan W.; Gillman, Jason D.
Source:
Molecular plant-microbe interactions 2016 v.29 no.11 pp. 862-877
ISSN:
0894-0282
Subject:
nitrogen fixation,   etc   ; Bradyrhizobium japonicum; Glycine max; ammonia; ascorbate peroxidase; enzyme activity; gene expression; genotype; growth and development; isoleucine; jasmonic acid; loci; mass spectrometry; mutants; nitrogen; nitrogenase; nodulation; oleic acid; pathogenesis-related proteins; pathogens; plant hormones; root nodules; salicylic acid; seeds; soil bacteria; soybeans; stearic acid; superoxide dismutase; symbiosis; transmission electron microscopy; two-dimensional gel electrophoresis;     Show all 31 Subjects
Abstract:
... Legumes form symbiotic associations with soil-dwelling bacteria collectively called rhizobia. This association results in the formation of nodules, unique plant-derived organs, within which the rhizobia are housed. Rhizobia-encoded nitrogenase facilitates the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia, which is utilized by the plants for its growth and development. Fatty acids have been shown ...
Handle:
10113/5600610
DOI:
10.1094/MPMI-08-16-0173-R

20. Different cytokinin histidine kinase receptors regulate nodule initiation as well as later nodule developmental stages in Medicago truncatula

Author:
Boivin, Stéphane; Kazmierczak, Théophile; Brault, Mathias; Wen, Jiangqi; Gamas, Pascal; Mysore, Kirankumar S.; Frugier, Florian
Source:
Plant, cell and environment 2016 v.39 no.10 pp. 2198-2209
ISSN:
0140-7791
Subject:
nitrogen fixation,   etc   ; Arabidopsis; Medicago truncatula; cytokinins; developmental stages; genes; histidine kinase; legumes; loci; mutants; nitrogen; nodulation; phenotype; receptors; signal transduction; soil bacteria; symbiosis;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... Legume plants adapt to low nitrogen by developing an endosymbiosis with nitrogen‐fixing soil bacteria to form a new specific organ: the nitrogen‐fixing nodule. In the Medicago truncatula model legume, the MtCRE1 cytokinin receptor is essential for this symbiotic interaction. As three other putative CHASE‐domain containing histidine kinase (CHK) cytokinin receptors exist in M. truncatula, we determ ...
DOI:
10.1111/pce.12779