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1. A synergy of the nutritional additives taurine and silymarin in salmon farming: evaluation with the CHSE-214 cellular model

Author:
Olivares-Ferretti, Pamela; Sánchez, Rodrigo; Ochoa de la Paz, Lenin; Parodi, Jorge
Source:
Fish physiology and biochemistry 2020 v.46 no.3 pp. 945-952
ISSN:
0920-1742
Subject:
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; additives; antagonism; antagonists; antioxidant activity; diet; feed industry; feeding methods; fish; fish culture; fish industry; hydrogen peroxide; mechanism of action; models; oxidants; silymarin; synergism; taurine
Abstract:
... The use of additives in the feed industry for producing fish has become the focus of constant change and research. The formulation of a product as a feeding strategy leads to the use of more than one molecule with particular characteristics to seek a synergistic effect when they are administered in the food. The application of taurine and silymarin in the salmon farming industry needs the explorat ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10695-020-00760-5

2. Effects of hypotaurine on substantia gelatinosa neurons of the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis in immature mice

Author:
Oh, Sun Mi; Bhattarai, Janardhan Prasad; Han, Seong Kyu; Park, Soo Joung
Source:
Amino acids 2016 v.48 no.12 pp. 2843-2853
ISSN:
0939-4451
Subject:
antagonists; glycine (amino acid); glycine receptors; median effective concentration; membrane potential; mice; neurons; pain; strychnine; taurine; therapeutics
Abstract:
... To understand the action and mechanism of hypotaurine, an immediate precursor of taurine, on orofacial nociceptive processing, we examined the direct effects and receptor types involved in hypotaurine-induced responses using the whole-cell patch clamp technique in the substantia gelatinosa (SG) neurons of the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc) of immature mice. Under the condition of high-chlorid ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00726-016-2321-1

3. Glycine modulates membrane potential, cell volume, and phagocytosis in murine microglia

Author:
Komm, Barbara; Beyreis, Marlena; Kittl, Michael; Jakab, Martin; Ritter, Markus; Kerschbaum, Hubert H.
Source:
Amino acids 2014 v.46 no.8 pp. 1907-1917
ISSN:
0939-4451
Subject:
agonists; amino acid transporters; antagonists; choline; glycine (amino acid); isobutyric acid; membrane potential; mice; neuroglia; phagocytes; phagocytosis; polystyrenes; pseudopodia; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; scanning electron microscopy; strychnine; taurine
Abstract:
... Phagocytes form engulfment pseudopodia at the contact area with their target particle by a process resembling cell volume (CV) regulatory mechanisms. We evaluated whether the osmoregulatory active neutral amino acid glycine, which contributes to CV regulation via activation of sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporters (SNATs) improves phagocytosis in isotonic and hypertonic conditions in th ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00726-014-1745-8

4. Antinociceptive effect of intrathecal administration of hypotaurine in rat models of inflammatory and neuropathic pain

Author:
Hara, Koji; Nakamura, Motohiro; Haranishi, Yasunori; Terada, Tadanori; Kataoka, Kazunori; Sata, Takeyoshi
Source:
Amino acids 2012 v.43 no.1 pp. 397-404
ISSN:
0939-4451
Subject:
analgesic effect; animal models; antagonists; antioxidants; astrocytes; biosynthesis; cysteine; formalin test; glycine (amino acid); glycine receptors; males; nerve tissue; neurons; neurotransmitters; nociception; pain; rats; somatosensory disorders; spinal cord; strychnine; tail; taurine
Abstract:
... Hypotaurine is an intermediate in taurine biosynthesis from cysteine in astrocytes. Although hypotaurine functions as an antioxidant and organic osmolyte, its physiological role in the central nervous system remains unclear. This study used behavioral assessments to determine whether hypotaurine influenced nociceptive transmission in acute, inflammatory, and neuropathic pain. The tail flick, paw p ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00726-011-1094-9

5. Adenosine receptor agonists affect taurine release from mouse brain stem slices in ischemia

Author:
Saransaari, Pirjo; Oja, Simo S.
Source:
Amino acids 2010 v.38 no.5 pp. 1387-1393
ISSN:
0939-4451
Subject:
adenosine; adults; agonists; antagonists; brain stem; ischemia; mice; normoxia; purinergic receptors; taurine; tritium
Abstract:
... The release of the inhibitory amino acid taurine is markedly enhanced under ischemic conditions in both adult and developing brain stem, together with a pronounced increase in the release of the neuromodulator adenosine. We now studied the effects of adenosine receptor agonists and antagonists on [³H]taurine release in the brain stem in normoxia and ischemia, using a superfusion system. Under stan ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00726-009-0351-7
PubMed:
19768520

6. β-alanine elevates dopamine levels in the rat nucleus accumbens: antagonism by strychnine

Author:
Ericson, Mia; Clarke, Rhona B. C.; Chau, PeiPei; Adermark, Louise; Söderpalm, Bo
Source:
Amino acids 2010 v.38 no.4 pp. 1051-1055
ISSN:
0939-4451
Subject:
antagonists; brain; dopamine; ethanol; microdialysis; rats; receptors; strychnine; taurine
Abstract:
... Glycine receptors (GlyRs) in the nucleus accumbens (nAc) have recently been suggested to be involved in the reinforcing and dopamine-elevating properties of ethanol via a neuronal circuitry involving the VTA. Apart from ethanol, both glycine and taurine have the ability to modulate dopamine output via GlyRs in the same brain region. In the present study, we wanted to explore whether yet another en ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00726-009-0313-0

7. Modulation of taurine release in ischemia by glutamate receptors in mouse brain stem slices

Author:
Saransaari, Pirjo; Oja, Simo S.
Source:
Amino acids 2010 v.38 no.3 pp. 739-746
ISSN:
0939-4451
Subject:
agonists; antagonists; brain stem; glutamic acid; ischemia; mice; neurons; receptors; taurine; tritium; young adults
Abstract:
... Glutamate is the main excitatory transmitter in the brain stem, regulating many vital sensory and visceral processes. Taurine is inhibitory and functions as a neuromodulator and regulator of cell volumes in the brain, being especially important in the developing brain. Taurine release is markedly enhanced under ischemic conditions in many brain areas, providing protection against excitotoxicity. T ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00726-009-0278-z

8. Which mechanisms are involved in taurine-dependent granulocytic immune response or amino- and α-keto acid homeostasis

Author:
Mühling, J.; Nickolaus, K. A.; Matejec, R.; Langefeld, T. W.; Harbach, H.; Engel, J.; Wolff, M.; Weismüller, K.; Fuchs, M.; Welters, I. D.; Krüll, M.; Heidt, M. C.; Hempelmann, G.
Source:
Amino acids 2008 v.34 no.2 pp. 257-270
ISSN:
0939-4451
Subject:
antagonists; deoxynivalenol; homeostasis; immune response; metabolism; neutrophils; nitric oxide; ornithine decarboxylase; taurine
Abstract:
... We examined the effects of β-alanine (taurine analogue and taurine transport antagonist), taurine (regarding its role in neutrophil (PMN) immunonutrition) and taurine combined either with L-NAME (inhibitor of [round bullet, filled]NO-synthase), SNAP ([round bullet, filled]NO donor), DON (glutamine-analogue and inhibitor of glutamine-requiring enzymes), DFMO (inhibitor of ornithine-decarboxylase) a ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00726-007-0497-0

9. Pathways involved in alanyl-glutamine-induced changes in neutrophil amino- and α-keto acid homeostasis or immunocompetence

Author:
Mühling, J.; Burchert, D.; Langefeld, T. W.; Matejec, R.; Harbach, H.; Engel, J.; Wolff, M.; Welters, I. D.; Fuchs, M.; Menges, T.; Krüll, M.; Hempelmann, G.
Source:
Amino acids 2007 v.33 no.3 pp. 511-524
ISSN:
0939-4451
Subject:
antagonists; glutamine; homeostasis; immunocompetence; neutrophils; nitric oxide; ornithine decarboxylase; taurine
Abstract:
... We examined the effects of DON [glutamine-analogue and inhibitor of glutamine-requiring enzymes], alanyl-glutamine (regarding its role in neutrophil immunonutrition) and alanyl-glutamine combined with L-NAME, SNAP, DON, β-alanine and DFMO on neutrophil amino and α-keto acid concentrations or important neutrophil immune functions in order to establish whether an inhibitor of [round bullet, filled]N ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00726-006-0395-x

10. Taurine release in mouse brain stem slices under cell-damaging conditions

Author:
Saransaari, P.; Oja, S. S.
Source:
Amino acids 2007 v.32 no.3 pp. 439-446
ISSN:
0939-4451
Subject:
antagonists; blood pressure; brain stem; chlorides; cyclic GMP; free radicals; guanosine monophosphate; guanylate cyclase; hypoglycemia; hypoxia; ion channels; ischemia; mice; phospholipases; protein kinase C; sodium; taurine; transporters; tritium; young adults
Abstract:
... Taurine has been thought to be essential for the development and survival of neural cells and to protect them under cell-damaging conditions. In the brain stem taurine regulates many vital functions, including cardiovascular control and arterial blood pressure. We have recently characterized the release of taurine in the adult and developing brain stem under normal conditions. Now we studied the p ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00726-006-0375-1
PubMed:
16998716

11. Characteristics of taurine release induced by free radicals in mouse hippocampal slices

Author:
Saransaari, P.; Oja, S. S.
Source:
Amino acids 2004 v.26 no.1 pp. 91-98
ISSN:
0939-4451
Subject:
adenosine; adults; agonists; antagonists; cell membranes; glutamic acid; hippocampus; hydrogen peroxide; hydroxylamine; ischemia; mice; neuroprotective effect; nitric oxide; receptors; taurine; transporters; tritium
Abstract:
... The release of the inhibitory neuromodulator taurine in the hippocampus is markedly enhanced under various neural cell-damaging conditions, including ischemia and exposure to free radicals. The properties and regulation of the release evoked by a medium containing free radicals was investigated in hippocampal slices from adult (3-month-old) and developing (7-day-old) mice, using a superfusion syst ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00726-003-0004-1