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1. A Review of Chemical Weed Control Practices in Christmas Tree Production in the United States

Author:
Greta C. Gallina; Bert M. Cregg; Eric L. Patterson; Debalina Saha
Source:
Forests 2022 v.13 no.2 pp. -
ISSN:
1999-4907
Subject:
Christmas trees; chemical weed control; crop-weed competition; herbicide resistance; herbicides; mechanism of action; mulches; soil water; tree age; water stress; weeds
Abstract:
... Christmas trees are sensitive to weed competition, especially during establishment. In initial stages of the tree crop, weeds can utilize available soil moisture and trees may succumb to drought stress. In later stages, weeds can even interfere with production practices. Non-chemical weed control methods alone may not provide effective weed control. Chemical weed management strategies involve the ...
DOI:
10.3390/f13020250

2. Carbon stocks differ among land-uses in agroforestry systems in western Canada

Author:
Zilong Ma; Edward W. Bork; Cameron N. Carlyle; Jonathan Tieu; Cole D. Gross; Scott X. Chang
Source:
Agricultural and forest meteorology 2022 v.313 pp. 108756
ISSN:
0168-1923
Subject:
carbon; carbon sinks; climate change; cropland; food security; forests; grasslands; humus; land use; meteorology; mineral soils; overstory; silvopastoral systems; species diversity; stocking rate; sustainable land management; tree age; trees; understory; Alberta
Abstract:
... Agroforestry systems (AFS) are increasingly being recognized as sustainable land-use systems that can increase carbon (C) sequestration and improve food security. However, the relative contributions of various C pools to the overall C stock of AFS and their dependence on factors such as tree age, species diversity and density is still unclear in many regions. Using an equivalent soil mass approach ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agrformet.2021.108756

3. Delay of growth release after a windthrow event and climate response in a light-demanding species (European larch Larix decidua Mill.)

Author:
Katarzyna Izworska; Elżbieta Muter; Peter Fleischer; Tomasz Zielonka
Source:
Trees 2022 v.36 no.1 pp. 427-438
ISSN:
0931-1890
Subject:
Larix decidua; forests; tree age; tree and stand measurements; trees; windthrow
Abstract:
... KEY MESSAGE: Larch trees respond to stand opening with an approximately 4-year delay of growth, and low precipitation in July limits radial growth after a windthrow event. Precise cross-dating of disturbance events is crucial to understanding the functioning of forest stands, and may help explain ongoing ecological processes in a forest. Tree rings are very often used to reconstruct the history of ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00468-021-02218-4

4. Examining the potential of Austrocedrus chilensis tree rings as indicators of past late-spring frost events in central Chile

Author:
Tomás Muñoz-Salazar; Carlos LeQuesne; Vicente Rozas; Duncan A. Christie; Moisés Rojas-Badilla
Source:
Dendrochronologia 2022 v.74 pp. 125962
ISSN:
1125-7865
Subject:
Libocedrus chilensis; conifers; dendrochronology; earlywood; frost; frost injury; longevity; spring; tree age; treeline; wood; Andes region; Chile
Abstract:
... Austrocedrus chilensis is a South American conifer broadly distributed across the subtropical and extratropical Andes that is widely utilized in tree-ring studies. This species has clear annual growth rings that are sensitive to the moisture supply and has been extensively used to reconstruct the past hydroclimate during the last millennium. Despite a great number of dendrochronological studies ba ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.dendro.2022.125962

5. Indicators of caesium 137 concentration in forest litter and health status of pines (Pinus sylvestris L.) in the Chernobyl zone

Author:
Valentina Osipova; Dmitrii Benin; Irina Semenycheva; Irina Volkova
Source:
Central European Forestry Journal 2022 v.68 no.2 pp. 109-115
ISSN:
2454-0358
Subject:
Pinus sylvestris; Russia; bark; cesium radioisotopes; forest litter; forestry; forests; health status; tree age; Ukraine
Abstract:
... We analyse the concentration of caesium-137 (¹³⁷Cs) in forest litter in relation to forest site conditions. The research was carried out in 2004–2019 in the Krasnogorsk district of the Bryansk region (the Russian Federation). It covered three areas corresponding to the exclusion zone, compulsory resettlement zone, and the zone of residence of the population with the right to resettlement. In all t ...
DOI:
10.2478/forj-2021-0023

6. Tree characteristics and drought severity modulate the growth resilience of natural Mongolian pine to extreme drought episodes

Author:
Xiao Zhang; Zhaofei Fan; Zhongjie Shi; Leilei Pan; SeMyung Kwon; Xiaohui Yang; Yanshu Liu
Source:
Science of the total environment 2022 v.830 pp. 154742
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
adaptive management; climate; climate change; drought; ecological balance; environment; forest decline; models; tree age; tree and stand measurements; tree growth; tree mortality; trees
Abstract:
... Global climate change and the increase in the frequency and intensity of drought have led to widespread forest decline and tree mortality. Studying the resilience components of tree growth to drought, including resistance (Rₜ), recovery (Rc), and resilience (Rₛ) and the influencing factors, helps assess forests' production and ecological stability under a changing climate. This study analyzed the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154742

7. Age-related growth responses of birch to warming along an elevational gradient on Changbai Mountain

Author:
Xi Qi; Keyan Fang; Haibo Du; Jianan He; Hongshi He; Zhengfang Wu
Source:
European journal of forest research 2022 v.141 no.2 pp. 293-305
ISSN:
1612-4669
Subject:
Betula ermanii; climate; cold; ecotones; forests; research; temperature; timber production; tree age; tree growth; treeline
Abstract:
... Accelerated tree growth in the alpine treeline ecotone (ATE) has been linked to the recent rapid climate warming. However, the role of tree age and elevation in the growth response of trees to climate change remains unclear. Here, we developed basal area increment chronologies of Betula ermanii from the closed forest belt (CFB) at lower elevation to the ATE of Changbai Mountain with three tree age ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10342-021-01438-0

8. Assessing Tree Drought Resistance and Climate-Growth Relationships under Different Tree Age Classes in a Pinus nigra Arn. ssp. salzmannii Forest

Author:
Manuel Esteban Lucas-Borja; Arun K. Bose; Enrique Andivia; David Candel-Pérez; Pedro A. Plaza-Álvarez; Juan C. Linares
Source:
Forests 2021 v.12 no.9 pp. -
ISSN:
1999-4907
Subject:
Pinus nigra; carbon; decline; drought; drought tolerance; evapotranspiration; growth retardation; mortality; stand basal area; stand density; tree age; trees; Spain
Abstract:
... The magnitude of drought impact in forest ecosystems depends on which group of trees are more severely affected; greater mortality of smaller trees can modulate the trajectories of succession, while the mortality of larger trees can disproportionately offset the ecosystem’s carbon balance. Several studies have documented a greater vulnerability of large trees to extreme droughts while some other s ...
DOI:
10.3390/f12091161

9. Can crown variables increase the generality of individual tree biomass equations?

Author:
David I. Forrester; Ian C. Dumbrell; Stephen R. Elms; Keryn I. Paul; Elizabeth A. Pinkard; Stephen H. Roxburgh; Thomas G. Baker
Source:
Trees 2021 v.35 no.1 pp. 15-26
ISSN:
0931-1890
Subject:
Eucalyptus; aboveground biomass; allometry; climate; dry environmental conditions; leaves; species diversity; stand basal area; stand density; stand structure; tree age; tree height; trees; Australia
Abstract:
... KEY MESSAGE: Crown variables and height can improve biomass predictions and may help to quantify how tree biomass is influenced by inter-tree competition (stand density, species composition), climate, edaphic conditions, and age. Tree biomass is influenced by tree age, stand structural characteristics, and climatic and edaphic site factors. However, most allometric equations for predicting tree bi ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00468-020-02006-6

10. Changes in tree growth synchrony and resilience in Siberian Pinus sylvestris forests are modulated by fire dynamics and ecohydrological conditions

Author:
Ester González de Andrés; Tatiana A. Shestakova; Rebecca C. Scholten; Clement J.F. Delcourt; Natalia V. Gorina; J. Julio Camarero
Source:
Agricultural and forest meteorology 2022 v.312 pp. 108712
ISSN:
0168-1923
Subject:
Pinus sylvestris; Siberia; carbon; climate; climate change; dendroecology; growth rings; hydrologic cycle; meteorology; paleoecology; peat; peatlands; summer; temperature; tree age; tree growth
Abstract:
... Wildfires are the main disturbance of boreal ecosystems, one of the largest reservoirs of terrestrial carbon. Two-thirds of boreal forests are in Siberia, where peatlands commonly appear mixed with mineral soils. Siberian forests are currently facing a dual shift in environmental conditions regarding climate change and increased fire activity. Therefore, assessing growth patterns of trees subjecte ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agrformet.2021.108712

11. Contrasting patterns of radial growth rate between Larix principis-rupprechtii and Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica along an elevational gradient are mediated by differences in xylem hydraulics

Author:
Ming-Yong Li; Qian-Nan Leng; Guang-You Hao
Source:
Forest ecology and management 2021 v.497 pp. 119524
ISSN:
0378-1127
Subject:
Larix gmelinii var. principis-rupprechtii; administrative management; afforestation; altitude; climate change; decline; embolism; fluid mechanics; forest ecology; growth rings; hydraulic conductivity; leaf area; mountains; regression analysis; risk; sapwood; semiarid zones; tree age; tree growth; trees; China
Abstract:
... Species-specific environmental adaptability results in different species having different suitable distribution ranges in nature. Investigating the change of relative advantages in growth performances among tree species along elevational gradients and the underlying mechanism are essential for selecting elevation-specific optimal species in forest management in mountainous regions. Xylem hydraulic ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119524

12. Debarking intensity of European bison in the Bieszczady Mountains in relation to forest habitat features

Author:
Angelika Nieszała; Daniel Klich; Kajetan Perzanowski; Maciej Januszczak; Aleksandra Wołoszyn-Gałęza; Wanda Olech
Source:
Forest ecology and management 2022 v.508 pp. 120057
ISSN:
0378-1127
Subject:
Abies alba; Bison bonasus; Picea abies; administrative management; bark; biodiversity; canopy; forest habitats; forest stands; forests; home range; probability; spring; tree age; trees; ungulates; winter
Abstract:
... The damage to trees that is caused by ungulate species is a natural result of their presence in ecosystems. High densities of ungulates may have a negative effect on biodiversity and the regeneration and survival of trees. The aim of this study was to identify the factors that affect the probability of the occurrence of damage in forest stands as a result of the presence of European bison (Bison b ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120057

13. Determining deep root water uptake patterns with tree age in the Chinese loess area

Author:
Ze Tao; Eric Neil; Bingcheng Si
Source:
Agricultural water management 2021 v.249 pp. 106810
ISSN:
0378-3774
Subject:
Bayesian theory; afforestation; apples; loess; orchards; soil water; tree age; water management; water uptake; xylem; China
Abstract:
... Deep soil water is important for trees to combat droughts and thus is an important consideration for assessing sustainability of afforestation. However, the extent to which trees could depend on deep soil for root water uptake (RWU), remains poorly understood. Here we selected five apple orchards, planted in 2008, 2005, 2001, 1998 and 1994 (named A2008, A2005, A2001, A1998, and A1994, respectively ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agwat.2021.106810

14. Disentangling the Relationship between Tree Biomass Yield and Tree Diversity in Mediterranean Mixed Forests

Author:
Felipe Bravo; Ana Martín Ariza; Narangarav Dugarsuren; Cristóbal Ordóñez
Source:
Forests 2021 v.12 no.7 pp. -
ISSN:
1999-4907
Subject:
Juniperus thurifera; Pinus nigra; Pinus pinea; Pinus sylvestris; Quercus faginea; Quercus ilex; Quercus pyrenaica; biomass production; data collection; forest ecosystems; georeferencing; mixed forests; species richness; stand density; tree age; trees; Spain
Abstract:
... Tree biomass and the diversity relationship in mixed forest have an impact on forest ecosystem services provisions. Tree biomass yield is driven by several aspects such as species identity, site condition, stand density, tree age and tree diversity expressed as species mingling and structural diversity. By comparing diverse degrees of tree mixtures in natural forests, we can gain insight into the ...
DOI:
10.3390/f12070848

15. Divergent, age-associated fungal communities of Pinus flexilis and Pinus longaeva

Author:
Joseph D. Birch; James A. Lutz; Benjamin L. Turner; Justine Karst
Source:
Forest ecology and management 2021 v.494 pp. 119277
ISSN:
0378-1127
Subject:
Pinus flexilis; Pinus longaeva; administrative management; community structure; ectomycorrhizae; forest dynamics; fungal communities; old-growth forests; soil; soil ecology; tree age; Utah
Abstract:
... The long-lived five-needle pines, Pinus flexilis (limber pine) and Pinus longaeva (Great Basin bristlecone pine) can co-occur and may form symbiotic partnerships with the same species of ectomycorrhizal fungi. These shared symbiotic relationships may facilitate the persistence of these pine species. Throughout their lives, P. flexilis and P. longaeva may also assemble unique belowground fungal com ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119277

16. Effects of forest conversion to rubber plantation and of replanting rubber trees on soil organic carbon pools in a tropical moist climate zone

Author:
Jumpei Toriyama; Akihiro Imaya; Keizo Hirai; Tiva Khan Lim; Mao Hak; Yoshiyuki Kiyono
Source:
Agriculture, ecosystems & environment 2022 v.323 pp. 107699
ISSN:
0167-8809
Subject:
Hevea brasiliensis; agriculture; aluminum; bulk density; climatic zones; deforestation; environment; forests; greenhouse gas emissions; land use change; nitrogen; plant litter; plant residues; rubber; soil organic carbon; stable isotopes; topography; topsoil; tree age; Cambodia
Abstract:
... In the past two decades, conversion of forests to rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) plantations has spread widely in continental Southeast Asia. In addition to the effect of the establishment of new rubber plantations, the impact of the replanting of rubber trees, i.e., second-rotation plantation establishment, on the soil organic carbon (SOC) pool is unknown because of the short history of land managem ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agee.2021.107699

17. Energy properties of Eucalyptus benthamii wood based on tree age and region in Guarapuava, Paraná state, Brazil

Author:
Cristiane Carla Benin; Danielle de Moraes Lúcio; Luciano Farinha Watzlawick; Vanderlei Aparecido de Lima
Source:
Southern forests 2021 v.83 no.4 pp. 264-268
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Eucalyptus benthamii; bioenergy; chemical analysis; energy density; energy efficiency; proximate composition; tree age; trees; wood; Brazil
Abstract:
... This study aimed to evaluate the properties of Eucalyptus benthamii wood for bioenergy purposes. Trees were sampled in five diametric classes and used to evaluate properties of the wood according to three ages (5, 6 and 7 years) in three regions of E. benthamii production in Parana state, southern Brazil. The basic density, proximate analysis, gross calorific value and net calorific value, and ene ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2021.1994340

18. Exploring the Effects of Thinning on Cunninghamia lanceolata Lamb. Carbon Allocation in Southwestern China Using a Process-Based Model

Author:
Hao Yang; Ziyan Liao; Angang Ming; Ning Miao
Source:
Forests 2021 v.12 no.11 pp. -
ISSN:
1999-4907
Subject:
Cunninghamia lanceolata; carbon; carbon sequestration; ecosystems; inventories; prediction; simulation models; soil carbon; statistical analysis; tree age; tree and stand measurements; trees; China
Abstract:
... We investigated the effects of thinning intensity on the carbon allocation of Cunninghamia lanceolata Lamb. Hook by analyzing the stand growth and carbon content of a plantation under three thinning intensities (I: 70%; II: 50%; III: 30%) and with no thinning treatment. Using the carbon balance framework of the CROwn BASe (CROBAS) model and multi-source inventory data, we calibrated the parameters ...
DOI:
10.3390/f12111590

19. Genetic diversity reduces competition and increases tree growth on a Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) provenance mixing experiment

Author:
Hans Pretzsch
Source:
Forest ecology and management 2021 v.497 pp. 119498
ISSN:
0378-1127
Subject:
Picea abies; administrative management; allometry; forest ecology; forests; genetic variation; humans; provenance; stand structure; tree age; tree growth; tree height; trees; Germany
Abstract:
... Many recent studies address that diversification of tree species and stand structure can increase the level and stability of growth and other forest functions and services to mitigate natural and human disturbances. Most studies so far focussed on the diversification of tree species mixing and stand structure. The potential of intra-specific genetic diversification in terms of provenance mixture w ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119498

20. Global fading of the temperature–growth coupling at alpine and polar treelines

Author:
Jesús Julio Camarero; Antonio Gazol; Raúl Sánchez‐Salguero; Alex Fajardo; Eliot J. B. McIntire; Emilia Gutiérrez; Enric Batllori; Stéphane Boudreau; Marco Carrer; Jeff Diez; Geneviève Dufour‐Tremblay; Narayan P. Gaire; Annika Hofgaard; Vincent Jomelli; Alexander V. Kirdyanov; Esther Lévesque; Eryuan Liang; Juan Carlos Linares; Ingrid E. Mathisen; Pavel A. Moiseev; Gabriel Sangüesa‐Barreda; Krishna B. Shrestha; Johanna M. Toivonen; Olga V. Tutubalina; Martin Wilmking
Source:
Global change biology 2021 v.27 no.9 pp. 1879-1889
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
bioassays; cold; ecosystems; geographical distribution; growth rings; models; temperature; tree age; tree growth; treeline; trees; Eurasia
Abstract:
... Climate warming is expected to positively alter upward and poleward treelines which are controlled by low temperature and a short growing season. Despite the importance of treelines as a bioassay of climate change, a global field assessment and posterior forecasting of tree growth at annual scales is lacking. Using annually resolved tree‐ring data located across Eurasia and the Americas, we quanti ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.15530