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... Among insects, female oviposition preferences are critical to understanding the evolutionary dynamics between herbivores and hosts. Previous studies have shown than in Drosophila, resource use has a strong genetic basis, although there is evidence that preferences are adaptable given isolation from ancestral hosts. Given the high degree of adaptability and behavioral plasticity of invasive species ...
... There is increasing growth in research of the development, upgrading and valorization of forestry and agriculture-derived products for applications in fuels, chemicals, and materials. Many biochemical and thermochemical biomass conversion technologies yield unique products for which laboratory characterization of structure and properties is still an ongoing challenge. Historically, popular approac ...
Prunus; almonds; chlorides; economic feasibility; electrical conductivity; gene expression regulation; genotype; ion channels; proline; salinity; salt stress; salt tolerance; sequence analysis; transcriptome
Abstract:
... The almond crop has high economic importance on a global scale, but its sensitivity to salinity stress can cause severe yield losses. Salt-tolerant rootstocks are vital for crop economic feasibility under saline conditions. Two commercial rootstocks submitted to salinity, and evaluated through different parameters, had contrasting results with the survival rates of 90.6% for 'Rootpac 40' (tolerant ...
... In this study, a mathematical model has been developed to simulate the through-air drying process of yarn bobbins. For this purpose, experimental data was obtained in a prototype experimental set up by passing pressurized hot air through the wool yarn bobbins. First of all, the physical phenomenon expressing the drying process has been reduced to the heat transfer problem and then a mathematical m ...
... This article proposes a new clustering algorithm of the self-adaptive particle swarm optimization (PSO) based K-means (SAPSO-K) to evaluate the fabric tactile comfort and compared with other algorithms. In this study, the efficient characterization of Quick-Intelligent Handle Evaluation System (QIHES) method was used to detect the mechanical properties, where 10 feature indexes were extracted from ...
... Most fabrics produced by conventional methods have two orthogonal planes of symmetry, and they are considered as orthotropic materials. The aim of this study is to design an innovative fabric structure with transversely isotropic properties. Using two sets of yarns, namely radial yarns and circumferential yarn, the new fabric structure was defined in the polar coordinate system. The geometrical pa ...
... To explore the effect of structure parameters on the air permeability of parachute fabric, the parachute fabric was treated as a porous medium. A nonlinear model of the viscosity and the inertia coefficient of the parachute fabric was established based on the Ergun formula, and an an alytical model of the fabric permeability with the fabric structure parameters was established considering the air ...
... This paper presents the fabrication and characterization of laser-treated conductive cotton fabrics by means of copper metallization techniques. The physical properties of the laser-treated knitted samples were examined in terms of thickness, durability, and abrasion impact. Furthermore, the surface topography of the laser-treated substrates was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) ...
... Fabric thickness is an important parameter in textiles since it affects crucial fabric properties such as stiffness and thermal insulation. The standard method of measuring fabric thickness involves cutting the fabrics and applying pressure to compress the fabric. These compression-based methods require a probe to come in contact with the fabric itself and take distance measurements between the tw ...
... Shear is one of the most important mechanical behaviours which differentiates a woven fabric from papers and polymeric sheets. In this work a generalised mathematical model of shear rigidity of woven fabric applicable to all types of weaves has been proposed. The model demonstrates the shear rigidity of woven fabric as a function of yarn bending rigidity, fabric structural parameters and crossover ...
... The aim of this study was to design a knitted scaffold for myocardial tissue engineering applications. The textile structure of pile loop knit fabric (terry fabric) was selected as a three dimensional (3 D) scaffold. The candidate fabrics were knitted from textured polyethylene terephthalate (PET) yarns. Biocompatible porous structures were obtained and the mechanical properties of the fabrics wer ...
... Cardiac patch has been proposed as an alternative therapeutic tissue engineering strategy to treat damaged heart for patients who survive the acute myocardial infarction (MI). To that end, studies have focused on designing an ideal cardiac patch assisting myocardium to repair itself. The engineering of three dimensional (3 D) anisotropic knitted scaffolds could be an efficient and effective strate ...
aesthetics; arable soils; cotton; hemp; insecticides; markets; raw materials; tensile strength; textile industry
Abstract:
... Cotton is the most popular natural fiber used in apparel industry world over. Although cotton is cultivated in approximately 2.4% of the world’s arable land, it accounts for 24% of the world’s insecticide market. Industrial hemp is considered as the most sustainable raw material as substitute of cotton in textile industry. However, there are several challenges associated with hemp processing as th ...
Japan; fabrics; friction; geometry; heat; lubrication; multivoltine habit; oils; quality control; silk; supply chain; temperature; test reports; India
Abstract:
... One of the Engine factories in India is manufacturing three types of engines that power various types of battle tanks. While operating the tanks, the crank shaft main journals and pins need lubrication for smooth running with minimum friction and to dissipate the heat produced. In order to prevent the leakage in the lubricating system, special purpose silk thread is wound around the threaded porti ...
abrasion resistance; knitted fabrics; laundry; polyesters; weight loss
Abstract:
... In this research, microfiber release from knitted fabric was analysed with open edge and edge covered with lock stitch. The main aim of the research is to evaluate the role of fabric parameters on microfiber shedding using a laboratory scale laundry machine. Hence, in this study, 100% polyester fabric with the same structure and different weight (mass per square meter) were analysed. Similarly, to ...
... In this article, the breaking elongation properties of woven fabrics with incorporated PBT yarns are presented. Different polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) yarns (multifilament PBT yarn, cotton core yarn and twisted viscose yarn, both with PBT in the core) were used. Textured PBT yarns have latent elastic properties, which become visible after the thermal treatment by the finishing process. The aim ...
... This paper primarily describes the development of flax braided yarn fabric reinforced thermoplastic composites. Plain woven fabric is made by interlacing 3D braided yarn produced by solid braiding method. Tensile properties of braided yarn and woven fabric are evaluated. Solution casting is used prior to composite fabrication to prepare polylactic acid (PLA) and (natural fiber braided fabric) NFBF ...
... Finite element modeling is an excellent technique for simulating a stitched woven composite to determine its mechanical properties and the analysis of the damage progress. In this technique, actual textile tow geometry measurements based on textile fiber photomicrographs are used to make the internal geometry of the fabric. In this paper, a unit-cell of the stitched composite was generated in micr ...
altitude; atmospheric pressure; edema; fabrics; gas exchange; military personnel; oxygen; oxygen partial pressure
Abstract:
... Lungs are the primary interface between the atmosphere and working tissues and act as the primary metabolic machinery of the body. The gas exchange that occurs inside the lungs through alveoli ensures adequate supply of oxygen to the tissues and determines the physical and physiological well beingness of the individuals. Barometric pressure decreases as altitude increases and individuals performin ...
... New Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanoclay hollow fiber membranes were successfully fabricated through the dry-jet wet spinning process. The effects of adding the nanoclay on the hollow fiber mechanical properties and permeation performance and dye removal from water were investigated. Direct red 80, Direct orange 26 and Direct brown 2 dyes were used for dye removal experiments. Field emission scanning ...
active ingredients; allantoin; cotton; dialysis; durability; electrical conductivity; encapsulation; films (materials); pH; polyamides
Abstract:
... Liposomal systems are suitable for cosmetotextile applications because this system shows topical effect on the skin. Allantoin is a skin active ingredient that has moisturizing and re-epithelization effect. In this work, allantoin loaded liposome formulations were prepared by using the thin film hydration method for textile application. The characterization of liposome formulation was performed by ...
... The productivity, quality and comfort aspects of Siro spun wool-cotton blended Khadi fabrics are reported in this experimental research. The technology of Siro spun yarn is also successfully introduced in New Modal (NM) Charkha for producing woolen Khadi Siro yarn. This system produces suitable two strands yarn of wool with higher productivity than conventional NM charkha. The yarns of Australian ...
... This study evaluates the effects of different aqueous borax solutions on the morphology, mechanical, thermal and chemical properties of regenerated cellulose fiber woven fabric reinforced hydrogel composites. The fabric reinforced hydrogel composites were fabricated with PVA/viscose ring, PVA/viscose open-end (viscose OE), PVA/viscose continuous filament (viscose CF) blended woven fabrics. Mechani ...
... The single-layer coated fabric was prepared using the polyurethane and the coating technology on the nylon. The influence of the wave-absorbing functional particles (graphene, graphite, hydroxy nickel powders, micron iron powders, silver-coated copper powders, silver-coated hollow glass beads) on the electromagnetic properties and the mechanical properties of coated fabrics was explored. Results s ...
... A theoretical model was developed based on the interaction between textiles and the Quick-Intelligent Handle Evaluation System (QIHES), to investigate the bending properties. The effect of friction and extensibility are considered and discussed based on the decomposition of contact and non-contact sections by the Capstan equations and Rung-Kutta method. According to the comparative analysis among ...
Bruna Lyra Colombi; Quesli Martins; Cintia Kopsch Imme; Diofer Barboza Da Silva; José Alexandre Borges Valle; Jürgen Andreaus; Manuel José Lis Arias; Rita De Cássia Siqueira Curto Valle
... Pectinases can be used to remove impurities and hydrophobic material from cotton fibers by the degradation of pectic substances. The biochemical characterization and the evaluation of process parameters that influence the enzyme’s activity are mandatory to optimize the industrial application. In the present study, a factorial experimental design was conducted to evaluate the activity of a commerci ...
durability; hybridization; photocatalysis; photocatalysts; triazines; China
Abstract:
... Herein, a novel direct Z-scheme photocatalyst was accomplished by hybridization of 0D MoS₂ quantum dots (MSQDs) and 3D honeycomb-like conjugated triazine polymers (CTP) (namely, CTP-MSQD). The unique 0D/3D hierarchical structure significantly enhanced the exposure of active sites and light harvesting property, while the formed p-n junction enabled the direct strong interface coupling without the n ...
... Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their oxygenated derivates (O-PAHs) are identified in soils and groundwater of industrialized sites and contribute to the risk for Humans and the Environment. Nevertheless, data are scarce in literature concerning their retention and transfer in soils and no soil - water partition coefficients are available for these compounds. Sorption of two PAHs, fluo ...
arsenic; arsenites; biocompatible materials; colorimetry; electrochemistry; guidelines; oligonucleotides; oxidation; risk; transportation; well water; China
Abstract:
... Approximately 94 to 220 million people worldwide are at risk of drinking well water containing arsenic > 10 µg/L, the WHO guideline value. To identify non-compliant domestic wells, assess health risks and reduce exposure, accurate and rapid on-site inorganic arsenic screening methods are desirable because all domestic wells worldwide need to be tested. Here, the principles, advantages and limitati ...
adsorbents; coal; combustion; energy; flue gas; lead; power plants; risk; China
Abstract:
... Coal is widely utilized as an important energy source, but coal-fired power plant was considered to be an important anthropogenic lead emission source. In the present study, the distribution characteristics of lead in coal and combustion by-products are reviewed. Specifically, lead is mainly transferred to ash particles and the formation and migration mechanisms of particulate lead are summarized. ...
Ottowia; denitrification; nitrogen; redox potential; sewage; sewage treatment; sludge; China
Abstract:
... To achieve advanced nitrogen removal from actual municipal sewage, a novel multistage anoxic/aerobic process with sludge regeneration zone (R-MAO) was developed. The reactor was used to treat actual domestic sewage and the nitrogen removal capacity of the sludge regeneration zone (R zone) was investigated during the long-term operation. The best performance was obtained at the R zone's Oxidation-R ...
... In this study, a modified continuous-flow nitrifying reactor was successfully operated for rapid cultivation of micro-granules and achieving robust nitritation. Results showed that sludge granulation with mean size of ca. 100 µm was achieved within three weeks by gradually increasing settling velocity-based selection pressure from 0.48 to 0.9 m/hr. Though Nitrospira like nitrite-oxidizing bacteria ...
... Acoustic technologies provide a non-invasive method to generate information about the health, welfare, and environmental impact of livestock. This study demonstrated that rear leg attached acoustic sensors can be used to differentiate between seven different acoustic classes, with six based on cow behaviours (Grazing, Breathing, Walking, Lying Down, Dung, Vocalization, Other) that were obtained fr ...
... Sulfite (SO₃²⁻) activation is one of the most potential sulfate-radical-based advanced oxidation processes, and the catalysts with high efficiency and low-cost are greatly desired. In this study, the cobalt nanoparticles embedded in nitrogen-doped graphite layers (Co@NC), were used to activate SO₃²⁻ for removal of Methyl Orange in aqueous solution. The Co@NC catalysts were synthesized via pyrolysi ...
... Triclosan (TCS) is a ubiquitous antimicrobial used in daily consumer products. Previous reports have shown that TCS could induce hepatotoxicity, endocrine disruption, disturbance on immune function and impaired thyroid function. Kidney is critical in the elimination of toxins, while the effects of TCS on kidney have not yet been well-characterized. The aim of the present study was to investigate t ...
... The performance of catalysts used in after-treatment systems is the key factor for the removal of diesel soot, which is an important component of atmospheric fine particle emissions. Herein, three-dimensionally ordered macroporous–mesoporous TiₓSi₁₋ₓO₂ (3DOM-m TiₓSi₁₋ₓO₂) and its supported MnOₓ catalysts doped with different alkali/alkaline-earth metals (AMnOₓ/3DOM-m Ti₀.₇Si₀.₃O₂ (A: Li, Na, K, Ru ...
... Copper (Cu) is a kind of micronutrient element that is essential for human metabolism. However, it is also considered as an environmental pollutant which is toxic to organisms at a high concentration level. Probiotics, regarded as beneficial microorganisms for promoting human health, have functions of antioxidant capacity, immune-enhancing properties, intestinal barrier protection and regulation. ...
air; air quality; air temperature; microclimate; particulates; primary pollutants; spatial distribution; wind direction; wind speed; winter; China
Abstract:
... The vertical distribution of air pollutants in urban street canyons is closely related to residents’ health. However, the vertical air quality in urban street canyons has rarely been assessed using field observations obtained throughout the year. Therefore, this study investigated the seasonal and annual concentrations of particulate matter (PM₂.₅ and PM₁₀), CO, NO₂, SO₂, O₃, air quality index, an ...
... Pesticides are a well-known family of chemicals that have contaminated water systems globally. Four common subfamilies of pesticides include organochlorines, organophosphates, pyrethroids, and carbamate insecticides which have been shown to adversely affect the human nervous system. Studies have shown a link between pesticide exposure and decreased viability, proliferation, migration, and differen ...
... Many per- and polyfluoralkyl substances (PFASs) may disrupt maternal thyroid hormone homeostasis in pregnancy. Concerns should be raised regarding the PFASs exposure in pregnant women because thyroid hormones are involved in the early development of the fetus. In this study, we measured the concentrations of 13 PFASs, including five novel short-chain PFASs, in serum from 123 pregnant women in Beij ...
aerosols; air pollution; autumn; formaldehyde; hydroxyl radicals; models; nitrous acid; oxidants; ozone; photolysis; troposphere; uncertainty; China
Abstract:
... Atmospheric oxidizing capacity (AOC) is the fundamental driving factors of chemistry process (e.g., the formation of ozone (O₃) and secondary organic aerosols (SOA)) in the troposphere. However, accurate quantification of AOC still remains uncertainty. In this study, a comprehensive field campaign was conducted during autumn 2019 in downtown of Beijing, where O₃ and PM₂.₅ episodes had been experie ...
aerosols; air; chemical composition; hygroscopicity; nitrates; oxidation; particulates; pollution; probability distribution; seasonal variation; spring; water uptake; winter; China
Abstract:
... A hygroscopic tandem differential mobility analyser (H-TDMA) was used to observe the size-resolved hygroscopic characteristics of submicron particles in January and April 2018 in urban Beijing. The probability distribution of the hygroscopic growth factor (HGF-PDF) in winter and spring usually showed a bimodal pattern, with more hygroscopic mode (MH) being more dominant. The seasonal variation in ...
... Syngas is a clean energy carrier and a major industrial feedstock. In this paper, syngas was produced via biomass chemical looping gasification (CLG) process. Hematite, the most common Fe-based oxygen carrier (OC), was modified with different metal oxides (CeO₂, CaO and MgO) by the impregnation method. The hematite modified by CeO₂, CaO and MgO was namely as CeO₂-hematite (CeO₂-H), CaO-hematite (C ...
... The concentrations and distributions of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the whole blood and meat of eight typical edible animals (chicken, donkey, horse, cattle, rabbit, sheep, duck, and pig) were illustrated. Total concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and PCBs (on a ...
algae; dissolved organic matter; eutrophication; fluorescence; humification; lakes; ligands; mineralization; molecular weight; phosphorus; temperature; total phosphorus; China
Abstract:
... The seasonal changes in dissolved organic matter (DOM), and its correlation with the release of internal nutrients during the annual cycle of cyanobacteria in the eutrophic Lake Chaohu, China, were investigated from four sampling periods between November 2020 and July 2021. The DOM fluorescence components were identified as protein-like C1, microbial humic-like C2, and terrestrial humic-like C3. T ...
agricultural pollution; bioavailability; biogeochemical cycles; esters; lakes; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; organic matter; orthophosphates; pH; principal component analysis; risk; rivers; sediments; China
Abstract:
... Phosphorus (P) in sediments plays an important role in shallow lake ecosystems and has a major effect on the lake environment. The mobility and bioavailability of P primarily depend on the contents of different P forms, which in turn depend on the sedimentary environment. Here, sediment samples from Baiyangdian (BYD) lake were collected and measured by the Standards, Measurements, and Testing proc ...
COVID-19 infection; air; business enterprises; chemical composition; coal; combustion; humidity; nitrogen; sulfur; vehicles (equipment); wind speed; China
Abstract:
... Based on the online and membrane sampling data of Yuncheng from January 1st to February 12th, 2020, the formation mechanism of haze under the dual influence of Spring Festival and COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease) was analyzed. Atmospheric capacity, chemical composition, secondary transformation, source apportionment, backward trajectory, pollution space and enterprise distribution were studied. Low ...
... The sulfur-containing odor emitted from sludge composting could be controlled by sulfide oxidizing bacteria, yet mesophilic strains show inactivation during the thermophilic stage of composting. Aimed to investigate and characterize the thermotolerant bacterium that could oxidize sulfide into sulfate, a heterotrophic strain was isolated from sewage sludge composting and identified as Paenibacillus ...
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; chromium; crystallization; drainage; kinetics; organic matter; oxidation; paddies; paddy soils; soil aggregation; transmission electron microscopy; China
Abstract:
... The flooding and drainage of paddy fields has great effects on the transformation of heavy metals, however, the transformation of Cr in basalt-derived paddy soil with high geological background values was less recognized. The typical basalt-derived paddy soil was incubated under alternating redox conditions. The Cr fractions and the dynamics of Fe/N/S/C were examined. The HCl-extractable Cr increa ...
agrochemicals; manganese; nanospheres; nanowires; sustainable agriculture; China
Abstract:
... Nanostructured manganese oxides (nano-MnOₓ) have shown great promises as versatile agrochemicals in nano-enabled sustainable agriculture, owing to the coupled benefits of controlled release of dissolved Mn²⁺, an essential nutrient needed by plants, and oxidative destruction of environmental organic pollutants. Here, we show that three δ-MnO₂ nanomaterials consisting of nanosheet-assembled flower-l ...
... Experiments were performed to explore the impact of sulfur nanoparticles (SNPs) on growth, Cu accumulation, and physiological and biochemical responses of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) inoculated with 5 mg/L Cu-amended MS medium supplemented with or without 300 mg/L SNPs exposure. Cu exerted severe phytotoxicity and inhibited plant growth. SNPs application enhanced the shoot height, root length ...
... Paddy soils are potential hotspots of combined contamination with arsenic (As) and antibiotics, which may induce co-selection of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and As biotransformation genes (ABGs), resulting in dissemination of antimicrobial resistance and modification in As biogeochemical cycling. So far, little information is available for these co-selection processes and specific patterns ...
algae; aluminum; calcium; iron; models; phosphorus; sediments; urbanization; China
Abstract:
... Although point and nonpoint sources contribute roughly equal nutrient loads to lakes, their relative role in supporting algae growth has not been clarified. In this research, we have established a quantitative relationship between algae-available phosphorus (P) and P chemical fractions in sediments; the latter indicates the relative contribution of point versus nonpoint sources. Surface sediments ...
absorption; electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy; irradiation; pH; photocatalysis; photocatalysts; photoluminescence; photolysis; pollution control; synergism; tetracycline; transmission electron microscopy; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy; wastewater; China
Abstract:
... Photocatalytic degradation was considered as a best strategy for the removal of antibiotic drug pollutants from wastewater. The photocatalyst of ABC (Ag₂CO₃/BiOBr/CdS) composite synthesized by hydrothermal and precipitation method. The ABC composite used to investigate the degradation activity of tetracycline (TC) under visible light irradiation. The physicochemical characterization methods (e.g. ...
... Post-harvest diseases of apple can cause considerable economic losses. Thus, we developed DSSApple, an interactive web-based decision support system, that helps users to diagnose post-harvest diseases of domesticated apple based on observed macroscopic symptoms on fruit. Specifically, DSSApple is designed as a two-stream hybrid diagnostic tool, that can be effectively used by both expert and non-e ...
air pollution; air quality; cities; decision making; inventories; models; pollutants; pollution control; prediction; traffic; China
Abstract:
... Air pollution is a major obstacle to future sustainability, and traffic pollution has become a large drag on the sustainable developments of future metropolises. Here, combined with the large volume of real-time monitoring data, we propose a deep learning model, iDeepAir, to predict surface-level PM₂.₅ concentration in Shanghai megacity and link with MEIC emission inventory creatively to decipher ...
adsorption; almond shells; anodes; biochar; electric current; electrochemistry; mineralization; oxidation; pH; quinones; wastewater; China
Abstract:
... The feasibility of decomplexation removal of typical contaminants in electroplating wastewater, complexed Cu(II) with 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid (Cu-HEDP), was first performed by a three-dimensional electrode reactor with activated biochar as particle electrodes. For the case of 50 mg/L Cu-HEDP, Cu(II) removal (90.7%) and PO₄³⁻ conversion (34.9%) were achieved under the conditions o ...
... With the abrupt change of climatic conditions every year, the effect on nature increases visibly. Grape producers experience the effects of climate change negatively. For example, frost, hail, and extreme temperatures are undesirable conditions for grape producers. When any of these natural events occur, they can greatly damage grape crops. In this study, a cover system that can be opened and clos ...
Internet; Olea europaea; abandoned land; agroecosystems; algorithms; data collection; land management; mobile telephones; models; olive oil; olives; profitability; socioeconomics; time series analysis; Italy
Abstract:
... The abandonment of rural areas is an important environmental and socio-economic issue in Europe, threatening the stability and profitability of agricultural production. The identification and quantification of abandoned land is key for temporal and spatial monitoring of the process and for applying alternative management measures. Italy is one of the most important European countries for the produ ...
aerosols; algorithms; biomass; comparative study; mass spectrometry; spectrometers; China
Abstract:
... The real-time detection of the mixing states of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitro-PAHs in ambient particles is of great significance for analyzing the source, aging process, and health effects of PAHs and nitro-PAHs; yet there is still few effective technology to achieve this type of detection. In this study, 11 types of PAH and nitro-PAH standard samples were analyzed using a high ...
air; air quality; benzene; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; molecular imprinting; particulates; polyacrylic acid; quantitative analysis; China
Abstract:
... A solid phase extraction procedure (SPE) is described for the quantitative analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in atmospheric particulate matter (PM), as ubiquitous environmental pollutants routinely measured in air quality monitoring. A SPE cartridge was used based on a molecular imprinted polymer (MIP-SPE) properly tailored for selective retention of PAHs with 4 and more benzene ...
catalytic activity; ecosystems; financial economics; human health; magnetism; nanocatalysts; oxidation; ozonation; ozone; wastewater; wastewater treatment; China
Abstract:
... With the continuous development of nanomaterials in recent years, the application of nanocatalysts in catalytic ozone oxidation has attracted more and more researchers' attention due to their excellent catalytic properties. In this review, we systematically summarized the current research status of nanocatalysts mainly involving material categories, mechanisms and catalytic efficiency. Based on su ...
COVID-19 infection; carbon dioxide; greenhouse gases; river deltas; temporal variation; terrestrial ecosystems; China; Yangtze River
Abstract:
... The temporal variation of greenhouse gas concentrations in China during the COVID-19 lockdown in China is analyzed in this work using high resolution measurements of near surface △CO₂, △CH₄ and △CO concentrations above the background conditions at Lin'an station (LAN), a regional background station in the Yangtze River Delta region. During the pre-lockdown observational period (IOP-1), both △CO₂ a ...
... Allelochemicals sustained-release microspheres (ACs-SMs) exhibited great inhibition effect on algae, however, few studies have focused on ACs-SMs toxicity on invertebrate. In this study, the effects of single high-concentration ACs (15 mg/L, SH-ACs), repeated low-concentration ACs (3 × 5 mg/L, RL-ACs) and ACs-SMs containing 15 mg/L ACs exposure on the ingestion, incorporation, and digestion of Dap ...
X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; catalytic activity; hydrides; oxidation; oxygen; palladium; particle size; temperature; transmission electron microscopy; xylene; China
Abstract:
... Pd/Al₂O₃ was pretreated by CO, H₂ and NaBH₄ reduction, respectively. The reduced catalysts were tested for o-xylene oxidation and characterized by power X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and temperature-programmed decomposition of palladium hydride (TPDH). The characterizations indicate the pretreatments lead to distinct Pd part ...
... Clarifying the role of sulfate and dissolved oxygen (DO) in methane production may allow for precise and accurate modeling of methane emissions in eutrophic lakes. We conducted field observations of sulfate, methane, and DO concentrations in Lake Abashiri, a typical brackish and eutrophic lake in a cold region, to develop a DO-based method for quantitively estimating methane production in a eutrop ...
adsorption; dyes; electrocoagulation; electrolysis; heavy metals; industry; methyl orange; nickel; polymers; spectroscopy; wastewater; China
Abstract:
... Electrocoagulation (EC) has been widely used to treat the heavy metal wastewater in industry. A novel process of sinusoidal alternating current electrocoagulation (SACC) is adopted to remove Ni²⁺ in wastewater in this study. The morphology of precipitates and the distribution of the main functional iron configurations were investigated. Ferron timed complex spectroscopy can identify the monomeric ...
X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; active oxygen species; catalytic activity; desorption; oxidation; oxygen; particle size; temperature; transmission electron microscopy; China
Abstract:
... PdAg/Al₂O₃ were pretreated by CO and H₂ reduction pretreatments, respectively. The reduced catalysts were tested for HCHO and CO oxidation and characterized by Brunner Emmet Teller (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and oxygen temperature programmed desorption (O₂-TPD). These results indicate that the pretreatments have ef ...
... High phosphorus steel slag and carbonized rice husk are two common wastes characterized by high generation and low secondary use values. Through the reduction of high phosphorus steel slag by biomass, both wastes were fully utilized, thus reducing the negative impact on the environment. In this study, variables such as temperature, time, and amount of reactants were changed to determine the optima ...
aerosols; air pollution; case studies; dust; rain; China
Abstract:
... Fugitive road dust (FRD) contributes a great deal to urban rainwater and air pollution and is commonly controlled by water-sprinkling in most Chinese cities. However, there is a lack of information on its effectiveness. We used the Testing Re-entrained Aerosol Kinetic Emissions from Roads (TRAKER) method to monitor different types of roads in Baoding city before and within 1 hr after water-sprinkl ...
absorption; acid orange 7; biochar; ciprofloxacin; energy efficiency; hot water treatment; irradiation; methyl orange; photocatalysis; photocatalysts; pollution; probability; rhodamines; solar energy; sulfur; tetracycline; China
Abstract:
... Removing large concentrations of organic pollutants from water efficiently and quickly under visible light is essential to developing photocatalytic technology and improving solar energy efficiency. This study used a simple hydrothermal method to prepare a non-metallic, S-doped NaTaO₃ (S-NTO) photocatalyst, which was then loaded onto biochar (BC) to form a S-NTO/BC composite photocatalyst. After u ...
... Efficient and robust photocatalysts for environmental pollutants removal with outstanding stability have great significance. Herein, we report a kind of three dimensional (3D) photocatalyst presented as Z-scheme heterojunction, which combining TiO₂ and ZnₓCd₁₋ₓS with graphene aerogel to contrast TiO₂-ZnₓCd₁₋ₓS graphene aerogel (TSGA, x=0.5) through a moderate hydrothermal process. The as-prepared ...
ammonium nitrogen; carbon; catalysts; chlorides; density functional theory; electrochemistry; iron; oxidation; pollutants; wastewater; China
Abstract:
... Ammonia nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N) is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant, especially in offshore aquaculture systems. Electrochemical oxidation is very promising to remove NH₄⁺-N, but suffers from the use of precious metals anodes. In this work, a robust and cheap electrocatalyst, iron single-atoms distributed in nitrogen-doped carbon (Fe-SAs/N-C), was developed for electrochemical removal of NH₄⁺-N from ...
ammonium; anodes; chlorine; electrocoagulation; oxidation; oxygen; phenanthrenes; phosphorus; remediation; total organic carbon; toxicity; China
Abstract:
... In situ and simultaneous remediation of a variety of pollutants in sediments remains a challenge. In this study, we report that the combination of electrocoagulation (EC) and electrooxidation (EO) is efficient in the immobilization of phosphorus and heavy metals and in the oxidation of ammonium and toxic organic matter. The integrated mixed metal oxide (MMO)/Fe anode system allowed the facile remo ...
2,4-dichlorophenol; absorption; adsorption; density functional theory; energy; hot water treatment; light; nanospheres; photocatalysis; photocatalysts; surface area; tetracycline; texture; wastewater; water treatment; China
Abstract:
... High-efficiency photocatalysts are of great significance for the application of photocatalytic technology in water treatment. In this study, N/Cu co-doped ZnS nanosphere photocatalyst (N/Cu-ZnS) is synthesized by a hydrothermal method for the first time. After doping, the texture of nanosphere becomes loose, the nanometer diameter is reduced, making the specific surface area of catalyst increased ...
arsenites; cost effectiveness; ferrihydrite; hydrolysis; pH; temperature; wastewater; China
Abstract:
... An advanced cost-saving method of removal of high-As(III) from SO₄(-II)-rich metallurgical wastewater has been developed by diluting the SO₄(-II) content with As(III)-Cl(-I)-rich metallurgical wastewater and then by the direct precipitation of As(III) with Fe(III) at pH 2.3. As(III) removal at various SO₄(-II)/Cl(-I) molar ratios and temperatures was investigated. The results showed that 65.2‒98.2 ...
COVID-19 infection; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; air quality; humans; pandemic; public policy; socioeconomics; spatial variation; uncertainty; wildlife; China
Abstract:
... The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is an unprecedented worldwide health crisis. Many previous research studies have found and investigated its links with one or some natural or human environmental factors. However, a review on the relationship between COVID-19 incidence and both the natural and human environment is still lacking. This review summarizes the inter-correlation between C ...
Bacillus (bacteria); arsenic; genes; groundwater; oxidoreductases; prokaryotic cells; China
Abstract:
... Many investigations suggest that dissimilatory arsenate-respiring prokaryotes (DARPs) play a key role in stimulating reductive mobilization of As from solid phase into groundwater, but it is not clear how environmental Mn(II) affects the DARPs-mediated reductive mobilization of arsenic. To resolve this issue, we collected soil samples from a realgar tailings-affected area. We found that there were ...
agricultural wastes; biomass; biosorbents; contact angle; corn stover; human health; hydrophobicity; laccase; lignin; oils; pith; pollution; sorbents; sorption; surfactants; synthesis; van der Waals forces; wastewater; China
Abstract:
... Oil pollution is causing deleterious damage to aquatic ecosystems and human health. The utilization of agricultural waste such as corn stalk (CS) to produce biosorbents has been considered an ecofriendly and efficient approach for removing oil. However, most previous studies focused on the modification of the whole CS, which is inefficient due to the heterogeneity of CS. In this study, corn stalk ...
... Drought management largely depends on the availability of timely, accurate and integrated information about its characteristics. Concurrently, biostimulants could represent a sustainable measure to foster the resilience of cropping systems under water-limited conditions. Nevertheless, scientific recognition of the potential of biostimulants has not grown as fast as the interest from industry: ther ...
COVID-19 infection; air pollutants; air quality; aircraft; airports; nitrogen; titration; China
Abstract:
... Wuhan Tianhe International Airport (WUH) was suspended to contain the spread of COVID-19, while Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport (SHA) saw a tremendous flight reduction. Closure of a major international airport is extremely rare and thus represents a unique opportunity to straightforwardly observe the impact of airport emissions on local air quality. In this study, a series of statistical t ...
... To study the emission characteristics of typical construction machinery in Chengdu, 12 construction machinery (excavators, bulldozers, loaders, and forklifts) under idling mode, moving mode, and working mode, were tested using a portable emission measurement system (PEMS). Under three operating modes, the typical construction machinery in the working mode was higher in the fuel-based average emiss ...
... Biogenic hydrogen sulfide is an odorous, toxic and corrosive gas released from sewage in sewers. To control sulfide generation and emission, nitrate is extensively applied in sewer systems for decades. However, the unexpected sulfide rebound after nitrate addition is being questioned in recent studies. Possible reasons for the sulfide rebounds have been studied, but the mechanism is still unclear, ...
antibiotic resistance; farms; florfenicol; herds; pig manure; plasmids; potassium; public health; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; swine; swine production; total phosphorus; China
Abstract:
... Plasmids play a critical role in the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), however, a systematical understanding of ARGs originated from plasmids in swine production is currently lacking. Herein, quantitative polymerase chain reaction was applied to determine the prevalence of ten ARGs and the class1 integron gene intI1 of plasmid source in swine manure from 44 farms in Sichuan, ...
... BiFeO₃ (BFO), as a kind of narrow band-gap semiconductor material, has gradually emerged advantages in the application of photocatalysis. In this paper, Ca doped BFO nanoparticles Bi₀.₉Ca₀.₁FeO₃ (BCFO) were prepared by sol-gel method. And BCFO and CdS nanocomposites with two morphologies were obtained by controlling the time of loading CdS under a low temperature liquid phase process. It is found ...
aerosols; air quality; carcinogenicity; particulates; peatlands; risk; smoke; China; Thailand
Abstract:
... Distribution of PM₀.₁, PM₁ and PM₂.₅ particle- and gas-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during the 2019 normal, partial and strong haze periods at a background location in southern Thailand were investigated to understand the behaviors and carcinogenic risks. PM₁ was the predominant component, during partial and strong haze periods, accounting for 45.1% and 52.9% of total suspended particul ...
... The complete catalytic oxidation of formaldehyde (HCHO) to CO₂ and H₂O at room temperature is a green route for indoor HCHO removal. Zeolite is an excellent carrier material for HCHO oxidation due to its large surface area, intricate pores and high adsorption capacity. However, the zeolite-supported noble metal catalysts have currently shown relatively low activity especially at room temperature. ...
... In the oxidation treatment of textile dyeing sludge, the quantitative and transformation laws of organic chlorine are not clear enough. Thus, this study mainly evaluated the treatment of textile dyeing sludge by Fenton and Fenton-like system from the aspects of the influence of Cl⁻, the removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organic carbon, and the removal and formation mechanism o ...
carbon nitride; energy; graphene; light; nanocomposites; photocatalysis; photocatalysts; pollution; semiconductors; solar energy; China
Abstract:
... Semiconductor photocatalytic technology has shown great prospects in converting solar energy into chemical energy to mitigate energy crisis and solve environmental pollution problems. The key issue is the development of high-efficiency photocatalysts. Various strategies in the state-of-the-art advancements, such as heterostructure construction, heteroatom doping, metal/single atom loading, and def ...
air; catalysts; catalytic activity; electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy; electron transfer; oxygen; ozone; pollution; temperature; China
Abstract:
... In recent years, near surface ozone pollution, has attracted more and more attention, which necessitates the development of high efficient and low cost catalysts. In this work, CuO/Cu₂O heterojunctioned catalyst is fabricated by heating Cu₂O at high temperature, and is adopted as ozone decomposition catalyst. The results show that after Cu₂O is heated at 180°C conversion of ozone increases from 75 ...
... Hot foam applications represent a new, smart concept in the field of thermal weed control. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of hot foam and other weed control methods in two olive groves in southern Greece (Pyrgos and Kalamata). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with six treatments and three replicates. Treatments were applied in the areas b ...
Japan; activated sludge; biodegradation; biological treatment; biotransformation; databases; metrology; nitrogen; phosphorus; toxicity; wastewater; water reuse; water treatment; China
Abstract:
... In order to reveal the hotspots and trends of biological water treatment from the perspectives of scientific and technological innovation, both of the bibliometric review and patents analysis were performed in this study. The Web of Science Core Collection database and Derwent Innovation Index database recorded 30023 SCI papers and 50326 patents, respectively were analyzed via information visualiz ...
... Air pollutants can potentially lead to nitration of allergic proteins, thus promoting sensitization of these allergens. However, little is currently known about the nitration status of house dust mite (HDM) allergens. We identified the occurrence of nitrated products of two major HDM allergens Der f 1 and Der p 1 in dust samples collected from college dormitories in eastern China and assessed thei ...
... Exposure to endocrine disruptors (EDCs) could disrupt thyroid hormone homeostasis. However, human epidemiological studies reported inconsistent observations, and scarce information on the effect of a mixture of chemicals. The aim of the present study was to examine the associations of multiple chemicals with thyroid hormones among adults from China. We measured serum levels of thyroid hormones and ...
adsorption; antimony; bioavailability; groundwater; hot water treatment; ion exchange; polluted soils; remediation; risk; sorption isotherms; toxicity; China
Abstract:
... Sb(III) is often detected in contaminated soil and groundwater. Hence, high-efficiency technology is needed. In this study, bimetallic organic frameworks were used for the first time to immobilize Sb(III) from contaminated soil and groundwater. The materials were synthesized by the hydrothermal method. Both ends of the prepared material were hexagonal tip rods, and the length became shorter as the ...
Thauera; anaerobic ammonium oxidation; biodegradability; carbon; denitrification; long term experiments; microbial communities; models; nitrogen; nitrous oxide production; particulate organic matter; China
Abstract:
... In this study, the effects of soluble readily biodegradable COD (sCOD) and particulate slowly biodegradable COD (pCOD) on anammox process were investigated. The results of the long-term experiment indicated that a low sCOD/N ratio of 0.5 could accelerate the anammox and denitrification activity, to reach as high as 84.9%±2.8% TN removal efficiency. Partial denitrification-anammox (PDN/anammox) and ...
air pollution; air quality; meteorology; nitrogen dioxide; particulates; traffic; urban areas; urbanization; China
Abstract:
... Traditional air quality data have a spatial resolution of 1 km or above, making it challenging to resolve detailed air pollution exposure in complex urban areas. Combining urban morphology, dynamic traffic emission, regional and local meteorology, physicochemical transformations in air quality models using big data fusion technology, an ultra-fine resolution modeling system was developed to provid ...
chelating agents; citrates; dewatering; iron; oxidation; particle size; polymers; polysaccharides; sludge; water content; China
Abstract:
... Citrate (Ct) was chosen as a typical chelator used in the Fe²⁺−peroxydisulfate (PDS) process to improve sludge dewaterability. The PDS−Fe²⁺−Ct process exhibited better performance in sludge dewatering than PDS−Fe²⁺. Specifically, with a PDS dosage of 1.2mmol/g VS, the molar ratio of PDS/Fe²⁺ and Ct/Fe²⁺ were 4:5 and 1:4, respectively, the capillary suction time decreased from 155.8 to 24.8sec, and ...
Comamonas; biochar; constructed wetlands; denitrification; greenhouse gas emissions; greenhouse gases; methane production; methanotrophs; nitrates; oxidation; sawdust; sludge; walnuts; China
Abstract:
... In this study, the biochar (BC) produced from sawdust, sludge, reed and walnut were used to support sulfidation of nano-zero-valent-iron (S-nZVI) to enhance nitrate (NO3−-N) removal and investigate the impact on greenhouse gas emissions. Batch experiment results showed the S-nZVI/BCₛₐwdᵤₛₜ ₍₂:₁, ₅₀₀₎, S-nZVI/BCₛₗᵤdgₑ ₍₂:₁, ₉₀₀₎, S-nZVI/BCᵣₑₑd ₍₂:₁, ₇₀₀₎, and S-nZVI/BC wₐₗₙᵤₜ ₍₂:₁, ₇₀₀₎ respectivel ...
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; activated sludge; antibiotics; biodegradation; biopolymers; density functional theory; fluorescence; nitrogen; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; toxicity; trimethoprim; tryptophan; wastewater; wastewater treatment; China
Abstract:
... Soluble microbial products (SMPs), dissolved organic matter excreted by activated sludge, can interact with antibiotics in wastewater and natural water bodies. Interactions between SMPs and antibiotics can influence antibiotic migration, transformation, and toxicity but the mechanisms involved in such interactions are not fully understood. In this study, integrated spectroscopy approaches were use ...