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1. Evaluation of Knockdown Bioassay Methods to Assess Phosphine Resistance in the Red Flour Beetle, <i>Tribolium castaneum</i> (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Author:
Cato, Aaron; Afful, Edwin; Nayak, Manoj K.; Phillips, Thomas W.
Source:
Insects 2019 v.10 no.5
ISSN:
2075-4450
Subject:
fumigants,   etc   ; Tribolium castaneum; adults; bioassays; fumigation; glass; insects; phosphine;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Resistance to the fumigant phosphine in Tribolium castaneum occurs worldwide. This study evaluated tests based on adult knockdown time, the time for a beetle to become immobile, when exposed to a high concentration of phosphine. We recorded knockdown times of beetles that remained completely still for 30 s when exposed to 3000 ppm of phosphine in a large, gas-tight glass tube. Beetles were used fr ...
DOI:
10.3390/insects10050140

2. Reducing the discrepancies between the Aerodynamic Gradient Method and other micrometeorological approaches for measuring fumigant emissions

Author:
Anderson, Ray G.; Yates, Scott R.; Ashworth, Daniel J.; Jenkins, Dennise L.; Zhang, Qiaoping
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2019 v.687 pp. 392-400
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
fumigants,   etc   ; aerodynamics; eddy covariance; emissions; environmental protection; fumigation; meteorological parameters; models; pesticides; public health; uncertainty; California;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Observations of fumigant and pesticide emissions are needed for multiple public health and environmental protection mandates. The aerodynamic gradient method (ADM) is commonly used to measure fumigant and pesticide emissions. However, the ADM may over estimate emissions compared to other micrometeorological and modeling approaches, which would increase uncertainty over the true flux estimate. Diff ...
Handle:
10113/6465987
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.132

3. Behaviour in the presence of resource excess—flight of Tribolium castaneum around heavily-infested grain storage facilities

Author:
Rafter, M. A.; Muralitharan, V.; Chandrasekaran, S.; Mohankumar, S.; Daglish, G. J.; Loganathan, M.; Walter, G. H.
Source:
Journal of pest science 2019 v.92 no.3 pp. 1227-1238
ISSN:
1612-4758
Subject:
fumigants,   etc   ; Tribolium castaneum; alleles; flight; gene frequency; grain storage facilities; homozygosity; humans; loci; phosphine; pleiotropy; India;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... The flight of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) in leaving infestations and establishing new infestations, independent of human mediation, has received little experimental attention. This study focuses on the patterns of flight of T. castaneum beetles in the nearby vicinity of an environment that provides all requirements—that is, an environment from which the beetles are not likely to be driven by den ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10340-019-01085-w

4. Gaseous ozone: A potent pest management strategy to control Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) infesting green gram

Author:
Pandiselvam, Ravi; Thirupathi, Venkatachalam; Mohan, Striramasarma; Vennila, Palanisamy; Uma, Doraiswamy; Shahir, Sultan; Anandakumar, Sugumar
Source:
Journal of applied entomology 2019 v.143 no.4 pp. 451-459
ISSN:
0931-2048
Subject:
fumigants,   etc   ; Callosobruchus maculatus; adults; exposure duration; industry; insect control; mortality; mung beans; ozone; pupae; shelf life;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Extending the storage life of legumes by protecting it from the Callosobruchus maculatus infestation is a major concern for the producers, processors and exporters. Legume processing industry requires “greener” alternatives to the conventional fumigants. Gaseous ozone has a great potential as an insect management strategy that is suited for this niche. Nevertheless, the efficacy of ozone against C ...
DOI:
10.1111/jen.12618

5. CFD modelling of diffusive-reactive transport of ozone gas in rice grains

Author:
Silva, Marcus Vinicius de Assis; Martins, Márcio Aredes; Faroni, Leda Rita D'Antonino; Vanegas, Jaime Daniel Bustos; Sousa, Adalberto Hipólito de
Source:
Biosystems engineering 2019 v.179 pp. 49-58
ISSN:
1537-5110
Subject:
fumigants,   etc   ; diffusivity; fluid mechanics; fumigation; gases; insect pests; models; monitoring; ozone; prototypes; rice; risk; stored grain;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... The search for alternatives to the use of chemical products to control insect pests in stored grains has stimulated the development of new techniques that allow the maintenance and preservation of grain quality without posing risks to people and the environment. One of these alternatives is the use of ozone gas (O3) as a fumigant, mainly due to its oxidising and biocidal characteristics. To invest ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2018.12.010

6. New features of version 3 of the HYDRUS (2D/3D) computer software package

Author:
Šimůnek, Jiří; Šejna, Miroslav; van Genuchten, Martinus Th.
Source:
Vodohospodársky časopis 2018 v.66 no.2 pp. 133-142
ISSN:
0042-790X
Subject:
fumigants,   etc   ; computer software; isotopes; root growth; user interface; wetlands;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The capabilities of the HYDRUS-1D and HYDRUS (2D/3D) software packages continuously expanded during the last two decades. Various new capabilities were added recently to both software packages, mostly by developing new standard add-on modules such as HPx, C-Ride, UnsatChem, Wetland, Fumigant, DualPerm, and Slope Stability. The new modules may be used to simulate flow and transport processes in one ...
DOI:
10.1515/johh-2017-0050

7. Application rate affects the degradation rate and hence emissions of chloropicrin in soil

Author:
Ashworth, Daniel J.; Yates, Scott R.; Stanghellini, Mike; van Wesenbeeck, Ian J.
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2018 v.622-623 pp. 764-769
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
soil fumigants,   etc   ; application rate; chloropicrin; emissions; half life; risk; soil;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Increasingly stringent regulations to control soil-air emissions of soil fumigants has led to much research effort aimed at reducing emission potential. Using laboratory soil columns, we aimed to investigate the relationship between chloropicrin (CP) application rate and its emissions from soil across a wide range of CP applications (equivalent to 56–392kgha−1). In contrast to the known behavior o ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.060

8. Response of Aspergillus flavus spores to nitric oxide fumigations in atmospheres with different oxygen concentrations

Author:
Liu, Yong-Biao; Oh, Sookyung; Jurick, Wayne M.
Source:
Journal of stored products research 2019 v.83 pp. 78-83
ISSN:
0022-474X
Subject:
fumigants,   etc   ; Aspergillus flavus; cellulose; fumigation; microorganisms; nitric oxide; nitrogen dioxide; oxygen; pest control; pests; spores; stored products;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Nitric oxide (NO) is a newly discovered fumigant for postharvest pest control. NO fumigation must be conducted under ultralow oxygen conditions because NO reacts with O2 to produce nitrogen dioxide (NO2). In this study, NO fumigations under different O2 concentrations were conducted on Aspergillus flavus spores to determine effectiveness of NO and NO2 in inactivating spores. Spores on gridded cell ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jspr.2019.06.001

9. Modeling variation in 1,3-dichloropropene emissions due to soil conditions and applicator practices

Author:
Brown, Colin R.; Kandelous, Maziar; Sartori, Fabio; Collins, Christopher; Spurlock, Frank
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2019 v.678 pp. 768-779
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
fumigants,   etc   ; 1,3-dichloropropene; application methods; applicators; decision making; emissions; fumigation; models; pathogens; pests; public health; soil; soil quality; California;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... The fumigant 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) is widely used for control of soil-borne pests and pathogens, but post-application emissions may lead to off-site transport and possible human exposure. The fraction of applied material emitted into the atmosphere and the magnitude of peak emissions are two quantities used by regulators to protect public health and are typically based on field estimates. Ho ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.414

10. Modelling of the methyl halide biodegradation in bacteria and its effect on environmental systems

Author:
Bhatt, Pankaj; Pal, Kalyanbrata; Bhandari, Geeta; Barh, Anupam
Source:
Pesticide biochemistry and physiology 2019 v.158 pp. 88-100
ISSN:
0048-3575
Subject:
fumigants,   etc   ; bacteria; biodegradation; humans; methyltransferases; models; organic halogen compounds; ozone; pesticides; pests; stratosphere; toxic substances; toxicity; troposphere;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... Methyl halide group of pesticides are being used widely in past decades as fumigant but due to their hazardous effect, these pesticides are not sold directly. They are volatile and gaseous in nature and may easily come in the contact of trophosphere and stratosphere. In troposphere, they are harmful to the living beings; nevertheless, in stratosphere they react with ozone and degrade the ozone lay ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.pestbp.2019.04.015

11. Water availability and root-knot nematode management alter seedcotton yield through similar effects on fruit distribution patterns

Author:
Snider, John L.; Davis, Richard F.; Earl, Hugh J.; Timper, Patricia
Source:
Field crops research 2019 v.233 pp. 88-95
ISSN:
0378-4290
Subject:
fumigants,   etc   ; Nematoda; cotton; drought; fruits; fumigation; irrigation; nematode infections; plant diseases and disorders; root-knot nematodes; water stress; yield components;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Both root-knot nematode (RKN) infection and water deficit negatively affect yields in many cotton growing regions of the southern United States. The objective of the current study was to determine whether seedcotton yield limitations due to drought and RKN infection were brought about through similar effects on yield components and boll distribution patterns. To this end, yield component and boll ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fcr.2019.01.008

12. Impact of sporicidal fumigation with methyl bromide or methyl iodide on electronic equipment

Author:
Adrion, Alden C.; Scheffrahn, Rudolf H.; Serre, Shannon; Lee, Sang Don
Source:
Journal of environmental management 2019 v.231 pp. 1021-1027
ISSN:
0301-4797
Subject:
fumigants,   etc   ; computers; corrosion; fumigation; geometry; light emitting diodes; methyl bromide; methyl iodide; organobromine compounds; organoiodine compounds; relative humidity; rubber;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... The effect of sporicidal fumigation with methyl bromide or methyl iodide on the functionality of valuable electronic equipment was evaluated using desktop computers as surrogates under target conditions of 200–250 mg/L fumigant for 48 h at 24–30 °C and 75–85% RH. Methyl iodide fumigation damaged light-emitting diodes and optical films in computer displays that were powered-on during fumigation. Af ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.10.118

13. Efficacy of Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg extracts on contact mortality, repellency, oviposition deterrency and fumigant toxicity of Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera:Bruchidae)

Author:
Eccles, Krystal; Powder- George, Yomica L.; Mohammed, Faisal K.; Khan, Ayub
Source:
International journal of pest management 2019 v.65 no.1 pp. 72-78
ISSN:
1366-5863
Subject:
fumigants,   etc   ; Artocarpus altilis; Callosobruchus maculatus; air; breadfruits; fruit extracts; fruits; insecticides; leaves; legumes; lethal concentration 50; mortality; oviposition; pests; toxicity;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Callosobruchus maculatus (F.), a major pest of grain legumes, causes considerable losses worldwide. C. maculatus management relies on synthetic insecticides with their adverse environmental and health concerns. The current study investigated the use of Artocarpus altilis (breadfruit) extracts on contact and fumigant toxicity, repellency and oviposition deterrency of C. maculatus as a management st ...
DOI:
10.1080/09670874.2018.1462539

14. Physical, chemical and biological behaviour of fumigants on cottonseed

Author:
Xiao, Yu; Liu, Tao; Gu, Chunyuan; Yu, Jinghui; Agarwal, Manjree; Shan, Changyao; Ren, YongLin
Source:
Journal of environmental science and health 2019 v.54 no.1 pp. 41-48
ISSN:
1532-4109
Subject:
fumigants,   etc   ; aeration; carbon disulfide; carbonyl sulfide; cottonseed; formates; fumigation; germination; insect pests; methyl bromide; microorganisms; organobromine compounds; phosphine;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Fumigation is required to protect cottonseed in storage and pre-shipment from insect pests and/or microorganisms. Fumigation of cottonseed with carbon disulphide (CS₂), carbonyl sulphide (COS), ethanedinitrile (C₂N₂), ethyl formate (EF), methyl bromide (MB) and phosphine (PH₃) showed that >85% of the fumigants disappeared within 5 h of exposure. COS maintained >20 mg L–¹ for 24 h. After 1 day of a ...
DOI:
10.1080/03601234.2018.1530548

15. Effect of application rate on chloropicrin half-life and simulated emissions across a range of soil conditions

Author:
Ashworth, Daniel J.; Yates, Scott R.
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2019 v.682 pp. 457-463
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
fumigants,   etc   ; air; air quality; application rate; chloropicrin; emissions; environmental factors; environmental health; half life; human health; models; organic matter; soil quality; soil water content; toxicity;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... The volatile release of agricultural fumigants from soil to air is a critical concern in terms of human and environmental health. A major control on the release of fumigants from soil to air is their degradation rate within the soil; however, this is a function of human/soil/environmental conditions and their inter-relationships. For the common fumigant chloropicrin (CP), it is known that applicat ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.203

16. Monitoring flight activity of Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Laemophloeidae) in outdoor environments using a commercial pheromone lure and the kairomone 1-octen-3-ol

Author:
Stevens, Mark M.; Wood, Rachael M.; Mo, Jianhua
Source:
Journal of stored products research 2019 v.83 pp. 227-235
ISSN:
0022-474X
Subject:
fumigants,   etc   ; Cryptolestes ferrugineus; aggregation pheromones; attractants; ecology; flight; fungi; funnel traps; glass; kairomones; lactones; monitoring; octenol; pheromone traps; rubber; stored grain; synergism; trapping; volatile compounds; volatilization;     Show all 20 Subjects
Abstract:
... Effective trapping techniques for Cryptolestes ferrugineus are essential for developing an understanding of the ecology of this beetle outside the storage environment, and will assist in monitoring the spread of fumigant resistance in field populations. We evaluated ten different volatile compounds associated with stored grains or fungi as potential attractants for C. ferrugineus using Lindgren fu ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jspr.2019.07.005

17. Groundwater monitoring for 1,3‐dichloropropene in high fumigant use areas of North America and Europe

Author:
van Wesenbeeck, Ian J; Knowles, Steve
Source:
Pest management science 2019 v.75 no.8 pp. 2278-2282
ISSN:
1526-498X
Subject:
soil fumigants,   etc   ; 1,3-dichloropropene; European Union; Nematoda; agricultural soils; drinking water; environmental fate; fruits; groundwater; hydrolysis; metabolism; metabolites; monitoring; risk; soil fumigation; vegetable crops; Europe; United States;     Show all 18 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: 1,3‐Dichloropropene (1,3‐D) is a soil fumigant used for the control of nematodes in high‐value fruit, nut and vegetable crops globally. Extensive water monitoring efforts have been undertaken over the past four decades by public and private institutions, given the widespread agricultural use of 1,3‐D, and environmental fate and metabolism data suggesting the potential for 1,3‐D to leac ...
DOI:
10.1002/ps.5398

18. Cow manure-derived biochar: Its catalytic properties and influential factors

Author:
Qin, Jiaolong; Qian, Shiying; Chen, Qincheng; Chen, Lu; Yan, Lili; Shen, Guoqing
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2019 v.371 pp. 381-388
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
soil fumigants,   etc   ; adsorbents; biochar; biomass; byproducts; cow manure; cows; desorption; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; headspace analysis; humidity; oxidation; physicochemical properties; pyrolysis; risk; soil pollution; temperature; waste disposal;     Show all 18 Subjects
Abstract:
... The conversion of waste biomass into biochar is considered as a waste disposal alternative, especially because biochar is a low-cost adsorbent for soil contaminants. However, a risk of desorption of contaminants from biochar may lead to secondary pollution. This study investigated the degradation behavior of soil fumigant, 1,3-dichloropropne (1,3-D), on cow manure-derived biochar (CMB) pyrolyzed a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.03.024

19. Contrasting patterns of phylogeographic structuring in two key beetle pests of stored grain in India and Australia

Author:
McCulloch, Graham A.; Mohankumar, S.; Subramanian, S.; Rajan, T. Sonai; Rahul, C.; Surendran, R.; Gaurav, R.; Chandrasekaran, S.; Daglish, Gregory J.; Walter, Gimme H.
Source:
Journal of pest science 2019 v.92 no.3 pp. 1249-1259
ISSN:
1612-4758
Subject:
fumigants,   etc   ; Rhyzopertha dominica; Tribolium castaneum; Wolbachia; endosymbionts; fumigation; genetic variation; haplotypes; insecticide resistance; mitochondrial genome; phosphine; phylogeography; resistance management; storage pests; stored grain; Australia; India;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... Rhyzopertha dominica and Tribolium castaneum are key pests of stored grains globally. Fumigation with phosphine gas is the primary control method for these beetles, so the development of phosphine resistant populations threatens the continued use of this fumigant. Developing effective strategies to manage the spread of phosphine resistance requires an understanding of the genetic diversity and str ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10340-019-01121-9

20. The Efficacy of Semiselective Chemicals and Chloropicrin/1,3-Dichloropropene–Containing Fumigants in Managing Apple Replant Disease in South Africa

Author:
Nyoni, M.; Mazzola, M.; Wessels, J. P. B.; McLeod, A.
Source:
Plant disease 2019 v.103 no.6 pp. 1363-1373
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
fumigants,   etc   ; 1,3-dichloropropene; DNA; Malus domestica; Phytophthora cactorum; Pratylenchus; Pythium; apples; chloropicrin; fenamiphos; imidacloprid; metalaxyl; orchards; phosphonates; replant disease; roots; tree growth; trees; yields; South Africa;     Show all 20 Subjects
Abstract:
... Apple replant disease (ARD) is a biological phenomenon that is encountered when old apple orchards are replanted, resulting in tree growth and yield reductions in young trees. Three ARD orchard trials were conducted, which showed that semiselective chemicals (fenamiphos, metalaxyl, imidacloprid, and phosphonates) used independently, two fumigant formulations (33.3% chloropicrin and 60.8% 1,3-dichl ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-10-18-1844-RE