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Listeria monocytogenes; apples; chemical oxygen demand; chlorine; cross contamination; food safety; industry; octanoic acid; organic matter; peracetic acid; water quality
Abstract:
... During postharvest processing, apples are transported via dump tanks and flumes with recirculated water treated with sanitizers. This study examined the efficacies of chlorine and peroxyacetic acid (PAA) in controlling Listeria monocytogenes in simulated dump tank water (SDTW) and cross-contamination, and evaluated the strengthening effects of octanoic acid (OA), a Generally Recognized as Safe com ...
Gadus morhua; allergens; anion exchange chromatography; anionic surfactants; chemical precipitation; fish; food chemistry; heat treatment; muscle protein; polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; sodium dodecyl sulfate; solubility; thiols; tropomyosins
Abstract:
... Tropomyosin, a myofibrillar muscle protein, has been recognized as a finfish allergen. In this study, tropomyosin from Atlantic cod fillets (Gadus morhua, CTM) was purified using a two-step purification strategy (isoelectric precipitation and anion-exchange chromatography). CTM structural configuration in two sample matrices (impure and pure) were elaborated using different polyacrylamide gel elec ...
... Cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAPP) and plasma-activated water (PAW) are emerging nonthermal technologies. Due to the complexity of plasma-generated species as a function of plasma generation conditions, there is a need to develop process validation. This study aims to evaluate plasma interactions with DNA-based surrogates using infrared spectroscopy and gradient boosting decision tree, a mach ...
cattle; ecosystems; environment; equations; fire suppression; land use; lignin; organic matter; plant litter; prescribed burning; soil pH; water content; wetland plants; wetlands; Florida
Abstract:
... Litter decomposition is a fundamental process underpinning multiple ecosystem services. Despite a long history of research on decomposition, direct and indirect effects of multiple interactive land management on wetland decomposition yet remain less well understood. Here, we used a long-term whole-ecosystem wetland experiment in south-central Florida to investigate interactive effects of land-use ...
... Genomic selection has the potential to increase the rate of genetic gain in aquaculture breeding programs by enabling selection between and within families without phenotyping selection candidates. Due to the wide range of environments in which oysters are cultured, an industry-wide approach of multiple regional breeding programs has been suggested for Crassostrea sp. This necessitates genotyping ...
Upinder Kaur; Rammohan Sriramdas; Xiaotian Li; Xin Ma; Arunashish Datta; Barbara Roqueto dos Reis; Shreyas Sen; Kristy Daniels; Robin White; Richard M. Voyles; Shashank Priya
... Maximizing the health, productivity, and sustainability of ruminant animals is an essential societal goal for a variety of reasons including food security, impact on the environment, and global nutrition; however, monitoring the metabolism of ruminant animals is currently a time-consuming and imprecise process. An indwelling robot residing within the ruminant gut would likely revolutionize metabol ...
... An in vitro gastrointestinal tract (GIT) fate of beta-carotene-loaded oil-in-water Pickering emulsions stabilized with lauric acid-adsorbed cellulose nanocrystals (CL) was investigated. Different concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0%, w/v) of CL and pure cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were used. During in vitro digestion, the effects of CL and CNC and their concentrations on the lipid droplet diame ...
... The ongoing contamination of groundwater with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has resulted in a global and rapidly growing interest in PFAS groundwater remediation. Preferred technologies that lead to PFAS destruction are often limited by not addressing all PFAS, being energy-intensive or not being suited for in-situ application. We developed nNiFe-activated carbon (AC) nanocomposites a ...
... Changes in morpho-physiological traits are important for biotic or abiotic stresses in sugarcane (Saccharum spp. interspecific hybrids). Ground measurements of such traits are labor-intensive and time-consuming. Therefore, predicting them using aerial imagery can be important for detecting stress and timely management. In this study, ground data and aerial imagery were collected from plant cane an ...
color; defatting; flour; gel strength; gels; hemp; hydrocolloids; hydrophobicity; isoelectric point; micelles; odors; protein isolates; protein structure; proximate composition; solubility; thermal stability
Abstract:
... Hempseed is becoming an emerging crop because of the potential utilization of its multifunctional constituents particularly hemp proteins in commercial products. Recently, reverse micelles (RMs) extraction technology has been introduced into protein extraction because of its convenience and low-cost nature. The current study aims to investigate the influence of the defatting process on the extract ...
Standardbred; arithmetics; bulk density; geometry; grasses; grasslands; horses; hydraulic conductivity; macropores; meteorological data; pasture management; pastures; research; tillage; New Jersey
Abstract:
... Growing livestock populations have intensified the potential for detrimental effects of grazing on grassland soils globally. Grazing management techniques can mitigate these effects but they are livestock-specific and studies on horse grazing are rare. The objective of this work was to compare the effects of rotational grazing (i.e., livestock graze sub-sections of a pasture in sequence) with the ...
... 10-Catechyl-pyranoanthocyanins are pigments derived from nature formed by reacting an anthocyanin with caffeic acid. Here, we compared the thermal stability and formed degradation compounds of different 10-catechyl-pyranoanthocyanins. Pelargonidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3-glucoside, malvidin-3-glucoside, anthocyanins differing in the number of substitutions on the B-ring, and their corresponding 10 ...
... Agroecosystem management practices, plant-microbe interactions, and climate are all factors that influence soil microbial community diversity and functionality. Herein, we assessed diversity of soil bacterial-archaeal assemblages and denitrification gene markers in a long-term tillage field experiment. We evaluated bulk and rhizosphere soils from two crop years (corn and soybean) of a three-year r ...
Citrus; algorithms; cameras; canopy; computer vision; data collection; fruits; industry; models; transportation; tree health; trees; yield forecasting
Abstract:
... Yield prediction of citrus provides critical information before harvest to growers and allied industry to predict the resources required for workers, storage, and transportation of the harvest. In this study, three machine learning (ML) based models were developed for tree-level citrus yield prediction: (i) Model-1 utilized UAV imagery; (ii) Model-2 utilized UAV imagery and ground-based fruit dete ...
... Mounting evidence demonstrates that consumption of high fat diet (HFD) and subsequent development of obesity leads to alterations in cognition and mood. While obesity can affect brain function, consumption of select dietary bioactives may help prevent obesity-related cognitive decline. This study investigated the capacity of the dietary flavonoid (-)-epicatechin (EC) to mitigate HFD-induced obesit ...
... The shikimate pathway connects the central carbon metabolism with the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids—l-tyrosine, l-phenylalanine, and l-tryptophan—which play indispensable roles as precursors of numerous aromatic phytochemicals. Despite the importance of the shikimate pathway-derived products for both plant physiology and human society, the regulatory mechanism of the shikimate pathway remai ...
... Integrated crop-livestock system (ICLS) is expected to improve the soil structure and porosity, yet the studies quantifying the effect of ICLS on soil porosity is still limited. This study evaluated the long-term effect of on-farm integration of cover crops and livestock in the croplands converted from the native pasture on soil pore characteristics. The croplands included a traditionally used cor ...
Camponotus pennsylvanicus; DNA methylation; Wolbachia; amino acids; computers; diploidy; equipment; haplotypes; heterozygosity; mitochondrial genome; nanopores; pests; prediction; research; symbionts; North America
Abstract:
... The black carpenter ant (Camponotus pennsylvanicus) is a pest species found widely throughout North America. From a single individual I used long-read nanopore sequencing to assemble a phased diploid genome of 306 Mb and 60X coverage, with quality assessed by a 97.0% BUSCO score, improving upon other ant assemblies. The mitochondrial genome reveals minor rearrangements from other ants. The reads a ...
... This work leverages recent advancements in computer vision and deep learning to detect and track the motion of droplets captured by a camera. While classical computer vision techniques have been employed for detection and tracking, those approaches have limitations and are not trivially extended to droplets. We approach the problems of droplet detection and tracking through a data-driven framework ...
... Manure amendments are a common soil amendment in forage and row cropping systems used to provide plant-available nutrients, build soil organic matter, and enhance soil health. Many of the benefits of manure applications are thought to be driven via their impacts on soil microbial communities. However, manure amendments may also introduce potential undesirable microbes (pathogens, or those with ant ...
Laura Duncanson; James R. Kellner; John Armston; Ralph Dubayah; David M. Minor; Steven Hancock; Sean P. Healey; Paul L. Patterson; Svetlana Saarela; Suzanne Marselis; Carlos E. Silva; Jamis Bruening; Scott J. Goetz; Hao Tang; Michelle Hofton; Bryan Blair; Scott Luthcke; Lola Fatoyinbo; Katharine Abernethy; Alfonso Alonso; Hans-Erik Andersen; Paul Aplin; Timothy R. Baker; Nicolas Barbier; Jean Francois Bastin; Peter Biber; Pascal Boeckx; Jan Bogaert; Luigi Boschetti; Peter Brehm Boucher; Doreen S. Boyd; David F.R.P. Burslem; Sofia Calvo-Rodriguez; Jérôme Chave; Robin L. Chazdon; David B. Clark; Deborah A. Clark; Warren B. Cohen; David A. Coomes; Piermaria Corona; K.C. Cushman; Mark E.J. Cutler; James W. Dalling; Michele Dalponte; Jonathan Dash; Sergio de-Miguel; Songqiu Deng; Peter Woods Ellis; Barend Erasmus; Patrick A. Fekety; Alfredo Fernandez-Landa; Antonio Ferraz; Rico Fischer; Adrian G. Fisher; Antonio García-Abril; Terje Gobakken; Jorg M. Hacker; Marco Heurich; Ross A. Hill; Chris Hopkinson; Huabing Huang; Stephen P. Hubbell; Andrew T. Hudak; Andreas Huth; Benedikt Imbach; Kathryn J. Jeffery; Masato Katoh; Elizabeth Kearsley; David Kenfack; Natascha Kljun; Nikolai Knapp; Kamil Král; Martin Krůček; Nicolas Labrière; Simon L. Lewis; Marcos Longo; Richard M. Lucas; Russell Main; Jose A. Manzanera; Rodolfo Vásquez Martínez; Renaud Mathieu; Herve Memiaghe; Victoria Meyer; Abel Monteagudo Mendoza; Alessandra Monerris; Paul Montesano; Felix Morsdorf; Erik Næsset; Laven Naidoo; Reuben Nilus; Michael O’Brien; David A. Orwig; Konstantinos Papathanassiou; Geoffrey Parker; Christopher Philipson; Oliver L. Phillips; Jan Pisek; John R. Poulsen; Hans Pretzsch; Christoph Rüdiger; Sassan Saatchi; Arturo Sanchez-Azofeifa; Nuria Sanchez-Lopez; Robert Scholes; Carlos A. Silva; Marc Simard; Andrew Skidmore; Krzysztof Stereńczak; Mihai Tanase; Chiara Torresan; Ruben Valbuena; Hans Verbeeck; Tomas Vrska; Konrad Wessels; Joanne C. White; Lee J.T. White; Eliakimu Zahabu; Carlo Zgraggen
aboveground biomass; data collection; databases; ecosystems; environment; forests; lidar; model validation
Abstract:
... NASA’s Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) is collecting spaceborne full waveform lidar data with a primary science goal of producing accurate estimates of forest aboveground biomass density (AGBD). This paper presents the development of the models used to create GEDI’s footprint-level (~25 m) AGBD (GEDI04_A) product, including a description of the datasets used and the procedure for fi ...
Sharon I. Kirkpatrick; Patricia M. Guenther; Carrie Durward; Deirdre Douglass; Thea Palmer Zimmerman; Lisa L. Kahle; Abiodun T. Atoloye; Michelle L. Marcinow; Mateja R. Savoie-Roskos; Kirsten A. Herrick; Kevin W. Dodd
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program; automation; body mass index; diet recall; dietetics; education; income; nationalities and ethnic groups; nutrition assessment; portion size; regression analysis
Abstract:
... Accurately estimating portion sizes remains a challenge in dietary assessment. Digital images used in online 24-hour dietary recalls may be conducive to accuracy. The current analyses were conducted to examine the accuracy of portion size estimation by women with low incomes who completed 24-hour dietary recalls using the online Automated Self-Administered 24-hour Dietary Assessment Tool (ASA24) i ...
... Acid hydrolysis of sucrose was studied as a method to convert sucrose in sweet sorghum syrup into glucose and fructose before fermentation with the genetically engineered succinic acid-producing Escherichia coli strain AFP184. Successful hydrolysis of sucrose in sweet sorghum syrup was achieved without noticeable formation of degradation products using moderate temperatures, 65–85 °C, with 0.24–0. ...
... Agricultural practices can lead to fluctuations in soil pH and salinity, likely affecting soil nutrient cycling. Compost addition may reduce the impact of these stresses, leading to more stable and resilient systems. We tested nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) cycling responses to the imposition and relief of an acute stress in an agricultural soil, and whether these responses were moderated by compost. ...
... •Adaptive management should explicitly involve stakeholders, emphasize multiple iterations of identifying and prioritizing outcomes, and tightly link science-informed monitoring to decision-making benchmarks for effective feedback loops.•Short-term monitoring procedures should be simple, quick, and based on consistent methods that are focused on locations where meaningful change is expected or unc ...
Donielle Pannell; Brou Kouakou; Thomas H. Terrill; Ibukun M. Ogunade; Zaira M. Estrada-Reyes; Voris Bryant; Godstime Taiwo; Modoluwamu Idowu; Andres A. Pech-Cervantes
... We evaluated the effect of replacement of corn and soybean meal (SBM) with dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) in sericea lespedeza (SL; Lespedeza cuneata) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa)-based diets on ruminal fermentation and bacterial community of growing meat goats. Thirty-six male Spanish growing meat goats with an average body weight of 24 ± 1.8 kg were stratified by body weight and a ...
... Semi-arid regions support the majority of global wheat production, but they are threatened by continued soil erosion and increased risk of drought and extreme temperatures from climate change. Enhancing soil organic matter (SOM) is a key adaptation strategy for sustaining agriculture in these regions because it can improve water retention and nutrient cycling. When seeking to increase SOM, growers ...
... Adenanthera pavonina, an underutilized tropical tree, is being promoted as an alternative food source for meeting the nutritional needs of human and animals. In this study, we have shown that trypsin inhibitors as one of the predominant proteins in the seeds of A. pavonina. DE-52 column chromatography resulted in the identification of four peaks with trypsin inhibitor activity. SDS-PAGE and immuno ...
... Sacbrood virus (SBV) infects larvae of honey bees, resulting in infected larvae becoming fluid-filled sacs. Our previous studies showed that the extract of herbal medicine, Radix Isatidis, could inhibit Chinese SBV (CSBV) infection in Asian honey bees (Apis cerana). Here, two compounds, adenosine and L-proline, which were previously reported to be associated with immune modulation, were identified ...
... Myo-inositol hexakisphosphate (myo-IHP) is one of the most common soil organic phosphorus (P) species in soil. Its retention in soil is often competed by phosphate, making bioavailability of P species difficult. In this study, the adsorption mechanism of myo-IHP at the amorphous aluminum (oxyhydr)oxide (AAH)-water interface was investigated at pH 6.5 in the presence of phosphate using batch adsorp ...
food industry; microbial contamination; nutrition; three-dimensional printing; traditional foods; water activity; water content
Abstract:
... 3D printing has numerous applications in the food industry that may enhance diversity, quality, healthiness, and sustainability. This innovative additive manufacturing technology has the ability to specifically tailor food properties for individuals. Nevertheless, several challenges still need to be overcome before 3D printing can be utilized more widely in the food industry. This article focuses ...
... Antibiotic resistance poses a threat in many institutions including hospitals, meat processing facilities and other agricultural and occupational entities. The goal of this research is to uncover how bacteria react to environmental conditions including aerosolization and delineate factors that trigger expression of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) using the laboratory strain Escherichia coli (E. ...
fire safety; historical records; journals; wildfires; wildland fire use; United States
Abstract:
... While previously disputed as a plausible ignition source, civilian firearms use has emerged as a wildfire cause of concern in the United States (US). The National Wildfire Coordinating Group (NWCG) included it as a newly recognized fire cause in the wildfire-reporting data standard approved in 2020. Here we report on shooting-caused wildfire ignitions using data mapped over to the new NWCG cause s ...
... Humanity, now increasingly populous and affluent, poses a new challenge for the twentieth-first century farmer: increase food supply while maintaining the earth’s underlying ecosystems. This paper proposes a novel systems approach, agricultural innovization, to sustainably increase food production. Innovization applies the knowledge obtained through multi-objective optimization to discover new agr ...
... Production of perennial bioenergy crops on farmland that is suboptimal for food crops may mitigate nitrous oxide emissions and reduce nutrient loss while producing bioenergy feedstocks. The ability of bioenergy crops to provide these multiple ecosystem services depends on interactions between the soil N cycle and the bioenergy production system, but our understanding of these interactions is limit ...
... Large scale agricultural production can lead to a reduction in availability of habitat used by wild bees for nesting and forage and has been implicated in worldwide bee population declines. There is growing concern that further declines in wild bee populations will occur because of continued transformations of natural or seminatural landscapes into crop monocultures. Managed honey bees, often used ...
... Foodborne illness associated with the consumption of contaminated sprouts has been a significant food safety risk. While seed disinfection with chemical sanitizers has been used as an intervention approach, its efficacy to reduce bacterial load has not been always satisfactory. In this study, a newly developed alginate-based, antimicrobial seed coating treatment was evaluated for its efficacy to r ...
alginates; biopolymers; chemical bonding; cross-linking reagents; emulsions; esterification; gels; hydrocolloids; hydrodynamics; loss modulus; microscopy; oils; pH; polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; propylene glycol; separation; sodium caseinate; storage modulus; thermal stability; zeta potential
Abstract:
... The current study describes an approach for creating covalently bonded complexes of sodium caseinate (NaCas) and propylene glycol alginate (PGA) without using a cross-linking agent. The principle is based on a transacylation reaction between the esterified carboxylic groups of PGA and amino groups of NaCas during pH shift from alkaline (pH 12.0) to neutral condition (pH 7.0). The increased molecul ...
... Dietary intake of plant polyphenols is significant, and many of them enter a human body as a highly diverse pool of ring-fission phenolic metabolites arising from digestion and microbial catabolism of the parental structures. Difficulty in designing the uniform intervention studies and limited tools calibrated to detect and quantify the inherent complexity of phenolic metabolites hindered efforts ...
... Cellulose has been efficiently isolated from almond shell (AS) of a soft-shell Carmel variety by a two-step NaClO₂ oxidation-KOH alkali protocol at over 35 % yield, then optimally TEMPO-oxidized and blended to yield 92 % and averagely 1.2 nm high (H), 5.2 nm wide (W), and 1.4 µm long (L) cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) with 58.6 % crystallinity and 1.3 mmole/g charge. With uniquely high 1167 L/H aspec ...
... Fish swimming behavior is a commonly measured response in aquatic ecotoxicology because behavior is considered a whole organism-level effect that integrates many sensory systems. Recent advancements in animal behavior models, such as hidden Markov chain models (HMM), suggest an improved analytical approach for toxicology. Using both new and traditional approaches, we examined the sublethal effects ...
... Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of proteases, that can process extracellular matrix (ECM) components and non-ECM molecules. MMPs can also function intracellularly in proteolytic and nonproteolytic functions. The participation of MMPs in the remodeling of the chicken gastrointestinal tract is largely unknown. The aim of the present study was to examine 1) the early neonatal developmen ...
... Legumes develop a symbiotic relationship with bacteria that are housed in root nodules and fix atmospheric di-nitrogen (N₂) to ammonia. In soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) nodules, the final products of nitrogen (N) fixation are amino acids, and the ureides allantoin and allantoic acid that also serve as the major long-distance N transport forms. Recently, we have shown that increased expression o ...
... The unprecedented demand for seafood has resulted in land-based recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS), a highly intensive but sustainable fish farming method. However, intensification also results in concentrated waste streams of fecal matter and uneaten feed. Harvesting and processing vast quantities of fish also leads to the production of byproducts, further creating disposal challenges for fi ...
... Camelina (Camelina sativa L., Crantz) is an oilseed crop consisting of both spring- and winter-biotypes. Winter biotypes of camelina need a low-temperature treatment to acquire freezing tolerance and floral competence. However, spring biotypes do not require a low-temperature treatment to initiate flowering and do not cold acclimate to the same extent as winter biotypes. Exposure of the camelina w ...
... In the case where a heat-pulse (HP) sensor installed in a layered soil with the heating and sensing probes positioned at different layers, the HP measurement violates the underlying assumption of soil homogeneity for the cylindrical perfect conductors (CPC) theory that is used to interpret the HP data. In this study, laboratory and numerical studies were performed to evaluate the heat transfer pat ...
... Insect pollination is a crucial component of our ecosystems and biodiversity, but our reliance on this ecosystem service has much broader implications. We depend on these pollination services to produce materials and food. But insect pollinators, especially bees, are in strong decline due to a plethora of factors, least of which are environmental abiotic stressors like climate change. The alfalfa ...
... Neuroinflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders. Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) regulates the release of proinflammatory cytokines and promotes inflammatory responses in immune cells. Microglia are the resident mononuclear immune cells of the central nervous system. Here, we investigated the anti-neuroinflammatory effects of (2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-(2-(3,4 ...
... Antibiotic resistance in agricultural soils is a significant environmental and health challenge worldwide. To minimize the risk of antibiotic resistance, it is important to understand the fate and spread mechanism of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and develop effective technologies to minimize their negative effects. In this work, we reviewed recent studies on the occurrence o ...
... It is well-established that antibiotics stored individually at their optimal pH and in appropriate solvents are stable over time. However, limited information exists on the stability of antibiotics from multiple classes when prepared and stored as a mixture prior to multiresidue analysis by mass spectrometry. This study tested the stability of antibiotic standard mixtures from eight classes [amphe ...
... Bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria may reduce pathogenic loads on cantaloupe surfaces. The efficacy of these bacteriocins on reducing the pathogenic loads of Listeria was evaluated. Non-pathogenic bacteria, Listeria innocua NRRL B-33016 was used as a surrogate for L. monocytogenes. Two bacteriocins, (1) nisin and (2) pediocin, were produced from Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis ATCC 114 ...
... The in vitro antimicrobial activity of sophorolipids (SLs) against Eimeria maxima and Clostridium perfringens, and the in vivo effects of SLs on growth performance and gut health in necrotic enteritis (NE)-afflicted broiler chickens were studied. To test the direct killing effects of SLs on enteric pathogens, 2.5 × 10⁵ freshly prepared sporozoites of each Eimeria acervulina, E. maxima, and E. tene ...
... This study investigated the antimicrobial efficacy of two coatings against populations of nalidixic acid-resistant Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes and native microorganisms on whole grape tomatoes. Tomatoes were surface-coated in two chitosan-acid coating solutions. Solution 1 (Chitosan) consisted of 1 % chitosan and 2 % acetic, lactic and levulinic acids. Solution 2 (Chitosan+AIT) consisted of ...
... In this study, thymol-loaded hydrophobically modified phytoglycogen/zein nanocomplexes with a particle size around 100 nm were developed for improving microbial safety of fresh produce. The antimicrobial activities, including the determination of minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentration, growth kinetic curves, and inhibition zone of the nanocomplexes against foodborne pathogens (Listeria ...
... This research aims to investigate the efficacy of chlorine dioxide gas on the inactivation of Salmonella on dried basil leaves and evaluate the suitability of E. faecium as a surrogate for Salmonella. Dried basil leaves (2.0 ± 0.1 g) inoculated with a 5-strain Salmonella cocktail or E. faecium were packed in a paper bag, heat-sealed, and placed inside a chlorine dioxide treatment chamber. The samp ...
... Eutypa dieback and Esca are serious fungal grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs). Eutypa dieback is caused by Eutypa lata (Elata), and is often associated Phaeoacremonium minimum (Pmin), and Phaeomoniella chlamydospora (Pch) which are also important contributors to Esca disease. Understanding the complex pathogenesis mechanisms used by these causative fungi may potentially lead targeted treatments for G ...
... In this study, quality characteristics of broccoli, kale, and spinach dried with hot air drying (AD), freeze drying (FD) and Refractance Window drying (RWD) were investigated, including phenolics, flavonoids, vitamins, glucosinolates, color, Tg and microstructure. Broccoli, kale and spinach samples dried using RWD had the highest total phenolics content (8.50, 18.77 and 12.40 mg/g, respectively). ...
... Ferrofluids are colloidal suspensions of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) within aqueous or nonaqueous liquids that exhibit strong magnetic properties. These magnetic properties allow ferrofluids to be manipulated and controlled when exposed to magnetic fields. This review aims to provide the current scope and research opportunities regarding the methods of synthesis of nanoparticles, surfactants, ...
USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference; fresh market; nutrition; people; tomatoes
Abstract:
... Tomatoes are the second most consumed vegetable in the United States. In 2017, American people consumed 9.2 kg of tomatoes from a fresh market and 33.2 kg of processed tomato products per capita. One commonly asked question by consumers and the nutrition community is "Are processed tomato products as nutritious as fresh tomatoes?" This review addresses this question by summarizing the current unde ...
... Although eggs are a nutrient dense food delivering high quality protein and micronutrients, given that eggs are also rich in cholesterol and choline, whether egg intake is contraindicated for individuals at risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains controversial. In this mini review, we provide a Precision Nutrition perspective, highlighting the importance of two factors: the effect of egg cho ...
... Soil health is an increasingly important concept that provides aspirational targets for agricultural management. Due in part to the incredible diversity of soil microbial communities, however, the biological components of soil health remain poorly understood. In the last decade the refinement of high-throughput DNA sequencing approaches for examining soil microbial communities has led to sequence- ...
Kritika Kothari; Rafael Battisti; Kenneth J. Boote; Sotirios V. Archontoulis; Adriana Confalone; Julie Constantin; Santiago V. Cuadra; Philippe Debaeke; Babacar Faye; Brian Grant; Gerrit Hoogenboom; Qi Jing; Michael van der Laan; Fernando Antônio Macena da Silva; Fabio R. Marin; Alireza Nehbandani; Claas Nendel; Larry C. Purcell; Budong Qian; Alex C. Ruane; Céline Schoving; Evandro H.F.M. Silva; Ward Smith; Afshin Soltani; Amit Srivastava; Nilson A. Vieira; Stacey Slone; Montserrat Salmerón
... An accurate estimation of crop yield under climate change scenarios is essential to quantify our ability to feed a growing population and develop agronomic adaptations to meet future food demand. A coordinated evaluation of yield simulations from process-based eco-physiological models for climate change impact assessment is still missing for soybean, the most widely grown grain legume and the main ...
COVID-19 infection; Orthocoronavirinae; anxiety; family violence; models; research; telecommuting; telemedicine
Abstract:
... The Army New Parent Support Program (Army NPSP) provides home visitation services that promote positive parenting strategies and aims to prevent family violence for expectant military parents and military families with children from birth to age 3. Since the onset of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19), Army NPSP services have rapidly adapted to a telehealth model to fit with the suggested practices ...
... Plant-soil interactions affect arsenic and nutrient availability in arsenic-contaminated soils, with implications for arsenic uptake and tolerance in plants, and leaching from soil. In 22-week column experiments, we grew the arsenic hyperaccumulating fern Pteris vittata in a coarse- and a medium-textured soil to determine the effects of phosphorus fertilization and mycorrhizal fungi inoculation on ...
Monte Carlo method; agriculture; algorithms; arable soils; data collection; electronics; equipment; landscapes; neural networks; prediction; prototypes; travel; uncertainty; uncertainty analysis
Abstract:
... A fleet of autonomous ground vehicles (AGV) is envisioned to expand farming to arable land suitable for production except for being too steep for conventional equipment. The success of proposed multi-AGV system largely depends on the traction performance of the individual AGVs on unevenly sloped terrain and optimization of the AGVs control variables. Therefore, the drawbar pull performance of a pr ...
... Safe, effective biological-control introductions against invasive pests depend on narrowly host-specific natural enemies with the ability to adapt to a changing environment. As part of a project on the genetic architectures of these traits, we assembled and annotated the genomes of two aphid parasitoids, Aphelinus atriplicis and Aphelinus certus. We report here several assemblies of A. atriplicis ...
Eriocaulon; bioavailability; environment; heavy metals; indigenous species; phytoremediation; rhizosphere; Apalachicola National Forest
Abstract:
... Phytoremediation is an effective remediation process for heavy metal contamination. The primary zone of phytoremediation is the rhizosphere where the plants uptake the heavy metals from the soil matrix. The bioavailability of the contaminants in the rhizosphere is affected by the physical, chemical, and biological conditions of the rhizosphere. In the study area of the Apalachicola National Forest ...
... Two novel satellite LiDAR missions —GEDI and ICESat-2— are currently operational and combined provide near-global measurements of forest height and structure. Such data underpin a new era of large-area approaches for measuring forest height in regrowing forests of different ages and assessing associated regrowth rates. Two LiDAR missions further allow for comparing independently derived forest hei ...
food chemistry; food safety; liquid chromatography; mass spectrometry; meat
Abstract:
... Some components of plastic food packaging can migrate into food, and whereas migration studies of known components are required and relatively straightforward, identification of nonintentionally added substances (NIAS; unknowns) is challenging yet imperative to better characterizing food safety. To this aim, migration was investigated across 24 unique plastic food packaging products including plas ...
... Beech bark disease is a pathogenic complex that has been spreading throughout the American beech’s range since the 1800s. A litany of negative consequences have manifested from the infestation of this disease, many of which deteriorate the ecological functions of forestland. This case study sought to analyze the cost structure for removing a recalcitrant beech understory via mechanized shelterwood ...
... Mortality caused by passive resin transfluthrin diffusers (∼5 mg AI per 24 h release rate) suspended in small 2-person tents was measured for colony-reared sentinel pyrethroid susceptible Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus female mosquitoes, as well as a pyrethroid-resistant strain of Aedes aegypti, in a USA military field camp scenario. Mortality effects were investigated for impact by fact ...
... Carinata (Brassica carinata (A.) Braun) is a promising winter oilseed crop in the southeastern US, and ensuring agricultural and ecological safety is critical for growers. The present study evaluated the weediness and invasiveness potential for carinata in the southeastern US. A field study was conducted in Goldsboro and Clayton, North Carolina comparing emergence and survival of volunteer carinat ...
algorithms; climate change; data collection; environment; satellites; semiarid zones; soil temperature; soil water; statistics; surface temperature; vegetation; watersheds; China
Abstract:
... A new soil moisture and soil temperature wireless sensor network (the SMN-SDR) consisting of 34 sites was established within the Shandian River Basin in 2018, located in a semi-arid area of northern China. In this study, in situ measurements of the SMN-SDR were used to evaluate 24 different soil moisture datasets grouped according to three categories: (1) single-sensor satellite-based products, (2 ...
Crop Environment Resource Synthesis models; aboveground biomass; corn; drought; grain yield; irrigation rates; leaf area index; leaf development; model validation; photosynthesis; simulation models; soil water; soil water content; subhumid zones; water stress; Nebraska
Abstract:
... CERES-Maize is a crop simulation model that can be applied as a tool to simulate grain yield, above-ground biomass, leaf area index (LAI), soil-water components (SWC), and other variables related to crop production. The model was calibrated and validated using long-term (2005–2010) field-measured data under full irrigation treatment (FIT), limited irrigation treatments (50%, 60% and 75% of FIT) an ...
... The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fate of generic Escherichia coli in fecal pats under different field conditions and to predict Salmonella and Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) survival dynamics based on developed models. Eight trials were conducted during spring and fall in both North and Central Florida. Fresh cattle feces (1g) was placed on mature green round tomatoes located in ...
... Nanoencapsulation delivery systems have been used to enhance the absorption and bioefficacy of phytochemicals. With modified physical and chemical properties, nanoencapsulated phytochemicals differ from their free forms in digestion, absorption, and metabolism. These pharmacokinetic processes can be assessed using a combination of various in vitro/in vivo models and analytical strategies, but each ...
... Lewis flax (Linum lewisii) is widely distributed across western North America and is currently used in native ecosystem restoration. There is also growing interest in de novo domestication of Lewis flax as a perennial oilseed crop. To better understand this species and facilitate both restoration and domestication, we used common gardens to assess biogeographical variation in a variety of seed and ...
Jessica M. Lancaster; Jaxon H. Smart; Jessie Van Buren; Brianna J. Buseman; Tanya M. Weber; Kizkitza Insausti; James A. Nasados; Benton Glaze; William J. Price; Michael J. Colle; Phillip D. Bass
... Modern dry-aging is a culinary-inspired practice that involves storing meat at refrigerated temperatures without protective packaging. The dry-aging process has been observed to create unique flavors. The objective of the current study was to survey commercial dry-aging facility environments and observe palatability differences related to consumer acceptance. Seventy-two bone-in beef strip loins ( ...
... Phenotypic characterization on historical breeding lines and wild genetic resources from the 1950′s to 1990′s of the rubber-bearing plant guayule (Parthenium argentatum A. Gray) and hybrids was conducted. Variation among germplasm on seed weight and germination was determined along with leaf traits and trichomes using image analyses. Flow cytometry was performed to estimate diversity in ploidy lev ...
antibodies; antibody formation; antigens; asymmetry; chickens; genetic variation; haplotypes; immunization; microsatellite repeats; sheep; tandem repeat sequences; Virginia
Abstract:
... The chicken MHCY region contains members of several gene families including a family of highly polymorphic MHC class I genes that are structurally distinct from their classical class I gene counterparts. Genetic variability at MHCY could impart variability in immune responses, but robust tests for whether or not this occurs have been lacking. Here we defined the MHCY genotypes present in 2 sets of ...
Gautam Ramesh; Alexis C. Wood; Matthew A. Allison; Stephen S. Rich; Elizabeth T. Jensen; Yii-Der I. Chen; Jerome I. Rotter; Alain G. Bertoni; Mark O. Goodarzi
Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet; ancestry; blood glucose; body mass index; c-peptide; demographic statistics; energy intake; food frequency questionnaires; food intake; glucose; glucose tolerance tests; homeostasis; hypertension; insulin resistance; insulin secretion; metabolism; microbiome; models; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; physical activity; risk
Abstract:
... The DASH diet conveys protection against type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) Via plant-based and non-plant-based recommendations. Research has not identified which glucose homeostasis pathways are improved. We examined associations between adherence to a DASH diet and six glucose homeostasis traits, probing whether associations could be attributed to the plant-based (DASH-P) and/or non-plant based (DAS ...
... Atlantic white-cedar (Chamaecyparis thyoides [L.] B.S.P.) is considered critically imperiled across much of its range. This species occurs in freshwater swamps, rarely further inland than 160 km from the Atlantic or Gulf Coasts and is susceptible to several natural and anthropogenic disturbances (i.e., tropical cyclones, fire, saltwater inundation, overharvesting). As the frequency and intensity o ...
Samuel Armstrong; Paahuni Khandelwal; Dhruv Padalia; Gabriel Senay; Darin Schulte; Allan Andales; F. Jay Breidt; Shrideep Pallickara; Sangmi Lee Pallickara
computer software; evapotranspiration; freshwater; model validation; remote sensing
Abstract:
... Evapotranspiration (ET) measures the amount of water lost from the Earth's surface to the atmosphere and is an integral metric for both agricultural and environmental sciences. Understanding and quantifying ET is critical for achieving effective management of freshwater and irrigation systems. However, current ET estimation models suffer from a trade-off between accuracy and spatial coverage. In t ...
... Traditional workflow analysis requires intensive manual processes to extract meaningful information from raw sensory data. A novel framework for workflow analysis is developed based on a real-time indoor location tracking system utilizing Ultra-Wide Band technology. The proposed framework is applied to identify worker and task associations in a labor-intensive horticultural plant production proces ...
... The DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) initially protects broken DNA ends but then promotes their processing during non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). Before ligation by NHEJ, DNA hairpin ends generated during V(D)J recombination must be opened by the Artemis nuclease, together with autophosphorylated DNA-PK. Structures of DNA-PK bound to DNA before and after phosphorylation, and in complex wit ...
... Many important traits in plants, animals, and microbes are polygenic and challenging to improve through traditional marker-assisted selection. Genomic prediction addresses this by incorporating all genetic data in a mixed model framework. The primary method for predicting breeding values is genomic best linear unbiased prediction, which uses the realized genomic relationship or kinship matrix (K) ...
Bacillus subtilis; Eimeria; bacitracin; body weight changes; breast muscle; diet; growth performance; hardness; males; probiotics; vaccines; wooden breast
Abstract:
... Woody breast (WB) is a myopathy that is related to the increasing growth rate. Understanding the influence of management factors on WB formation and development is important to minimize WB. This study was conducted to define how management factors affect broiler growth performance, processing yield, and WB incidence. Ross × Ross 708 chicks were randomly assigned to a 3 (diet) × 2 (cocci challenge) ...
... The bacterial pathogen Vibrio coralliilyticus has been implicated in severe larval oyster mortality events in U.S. hatcheries. The aims of this study were to determine whether additions of bacteriophages (phages) specific to V. coralliilyticus strain RE98 can lower concentrations of V. coralliilyticus in seawater and consequently enhance survival, growth and metamorphosis of larvae of the Pacific ...
Prashan M. Rodrigo; Chanaka Navarathna; Michael T.H. Pham; Sarah J. McClain; Sean Stokes; Xuefeng Zhang; Felio Perez; Sameera R. Gunatilake; Akila G. Karunanayake; Renel Anderson; Rooban V.K.G. Thirumalai; Dinesh Mohan; Charles U. Pittman; Todd E. Mlsna
... Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) can cause deleterious effects at low concentrations (70 ng/L). Their remediation is challenging. Aqueous μg/L levels of PFOS, PFOS, PFOSA, PFBS, GenX, PFHxS, PFPeA, PFHxA, and PFHpA (abbreviations defined in Table 1) multi-component adsorption (pH dependence, kinetics, isotherms, fixed-bed adsorption, regeneration, complex matrix) was studied on commerci ...
algorithms; clothing; problem solving; swarming; swarms; system optimization
Abstract:
... Sparse optimization problems involving sparse non-zero variables are common among large-scale single or multi-objective real-world problems. However, generic optimization algorithms are inefficient at solving most of these large scale problems. Moreover, algorithms to solve these problems are currently under-researched. This paper proposes a novel approach to improve large-scale sparse multi-objec ...
biomass; clearcutting; erosion control; forests; slash; water quality; Virginia
Abstract:
... Water quality best management practices (BMPs) developed for conventional forest harvests may be adequate for biomass harvests, yet quantitative data is lacking. This study compared estimated erosion, operational feature areas, BMP implementation rates, ground cover characteristics, and downed woody debris quantities following biomass and conventional harvests in the mountains of Virginia. Haul ro ...
... The design of a biofuel supply chain network involves multiple uncertainty sources such as the biomass supply and quality. Most of the previous works took a risk-neutral approach by modeling this problem as two-stage stochastic formulation. However, most decision makers are not risk-neutral and a better understanding of the risk involved is germane. This study proposes a bi-objective two-stage sto ...
... Insights into food matrix factors impacting bioavailability of bioactive carotenoids and chlorophylls from fruits and vegetable ingredients are essential to understanding their ability to promote health. The stability and bioaccessibility of carotenoids and chlorophylls were assessed from dehydrated, spray-dried, freeze-dried and fresh spinach ingredient forms using in vitro models simulating uppe ...
... Phenolic rich 100% grape juice has been associated with many health benefits, but its place in dietary guidance is controversial relative to whole fruit. Direct comparisons of phenolic profiles and bioavailability between these food forms are needed. Phenolic bioaccessibility and metabolism from Concord (CG) and Niagara (NG) grapes and corresponding 100% juices were investigated using an in vitro ...
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; antioxidant activity; bioavailability; blood flow; breast milk; digestion; food chemistry; human cell lines; humans; intestines; milk; peptides
Abstract:
... Human milk-protein-derived peptides exhibit an array of bioactivities. Certain bioactivities cannot be exerted unless the peptides are absorbed across the gastrointestinal lumen into the bloodstream. The purpose of study was to determine which peptides derived from in vitro digestion of human milk could cross human intestinal Caco-2 cell monolayers. Our results showed that the numbers of peptides ...
... Biochar feedstock and production method affects its physicochemical properties and subsequent application. This study investigated the effects of biochar from switchgrass (SGB) and poultry litter (PLB) produced at 350 and 700 °C on alcohol formation using CO:CO₂:H₂ (40:30:30) by Clostridium carboxidivorans (P7) and C. ragsdalei (P11). Fermentations were performed in 250 mL bottles with a 50 mL wor ...
... The salvaging of the waste disposable mask was conducted in this study through catalytic pyrolysis over corn stover derived biochar catalyst combined with the boosted generation of hydrogen and mono-aromatic hydrocarbons for the first time. In the absence of biochar, up to 53 wt% of wax was observed at 550 ºC, whereas at the biochar/mask ratio of 2, around 41 wt% of liquid oil was produced without ...
... Magnetic bifunctional nanocatalyst supported on activated carbon (AC), CaO-Fe2O3/AC was synthesized via wet impregnation method and was utilized for catalytic transesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO). A series of characterization techniques were performed to determine acid-base properties, magnetism, thermal stability, crystallinity, chemical composition, surface properties, and morphology o ...
... Biofuel expansion may entail elaborate contractual relationships between processors and farmers. Past studies have been limited to explaining choices between single contracts or standard land fixed rental versus crop share contracts. Little is known about how changes in contract attributes affect the probability of farmers' switching between contracts, if given the choice. Contract choice in turn, ...
biodiesel; carbon; energy; energy policy; ethanol; gasoline
Abstract:
... In the early 2000s, governments implemented policies stimulating the use of ethanol and biodiesel to reduce carbon emissions and encourage domestic energy production. Blend mandates requiring gasoline or diesel to contain a minimum percentage of these biofuels were a favored policy instrument. Theoretical work by Clancy and Moschini (2017) concluded that, if innovation were stimulated by mandates, ...