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- Author:
- Vetere, Alessandro; Bertocchi, Mara; Pelizzone, Igor; Moggia, Emanuele; Travaglino, Chiara; Della Grotta, Mariangela; Casali, Silvia; Gerosa, Sebastiano; Strada, Laura; Filia, Katia; Casalini, Jacopo; Parmigiani, Enrico; Di Ianni, Francesco
- Source:
- BMC veterinary research 2020 v.16 no.1 pp. 29
- ISSN:
- 1746-6148
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Melaleuca; birds; blood; case studies; clinical examination; essential oils; fluid therapy; heavy metals; hematologic tests; males; neutropenia; patients; pet care; pets; phytotherapy; poisoning; tea tree oil; toxicity; veterinary clinics; Show all 20 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... BACKGROUND: Phytotherapy is becoming a more and more common practice, not only for personal care but also for pet care. Nevertheless, we often have to deal with substances on which, in most cases, very little literature is available, even more so if the species of interest are the exotic ones. In particular, the essential oil from the Melaleuca leaves, because of its antinflammatory and antibacter ...
- DOI:
- 10.1186/s12917-020-2255-4
- PubMed:
- 32005244
- PubMed Central:
- PMC6995176
- https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12917-020-2255-4
- Author:
- Flade, Jens; Beschow, Heidrun; Wensch-Dorendorf, Monika; Plescher, Andreas; Wätjen, Wim
- Source:
- Plants 2019 v.8 no.3
- ISSN:
- 2223-7747
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Senecio vulgaris; carcinogenicity; developmental stages; herbal tea; horticultural crops; liquid chromatography; mass spectrometry; noxious weeds; phytopharmaceuticals; plant development; pyrrolizidine alkaloids; spring; Show all 13 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... The contamination of phytopharmaceuticals and herbal teas with toxic plants is an increasing problem. Senecio vulgaris L. is a particularly noxious weed in agricultural and horticultural crops due to its content of toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs). Since some of these compounds are carcinogenic, the distribution of this plant should be monitored. The amount of PAs in S. vulgaris is affected by ...
- DOI:
- 10.3390/plants8030054
- PubMed:
- 30841617
- PubMed Central:
- PMC6473320
- http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants8030054
- Author:
- Schild, Carlos O.; Giannitti, Federico; Medeiros, Rosane M. T.; da Silva Silveira, Caroline; Caffarena, Rubén D.; Poppenga, Robert H.; Riet-Correa, Franklin
- Source:
- Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation 2019 v.31 no.2 pp. 307-310
- ISSN:
- 1943-4936
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Baccharis coridifolia; arsenic; ataxia (disorder); beef cattle; diarrhea; disease course; lead; lead arsenate; liver; lymphatic system; nephrosis; paresis; pesticide residues; poisoning; seizures; steers; tissues; trichothecenes; Uruguay; Show all 20 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... We describe and illustrate lesions in an outbreak of lead arsenate poisoning in beef cattle that ingested pesticide residues stored in an abandoned building of a former orange orchard. Of 70 exposed cattle, 14 had diarrhea, paresis, ataxia, recumbency, and/or seizures. Ten of the affected animals died after a clinical course of 12–18 h. Pathologic findings in 3 steers included extensive necrohemor ...
- DOI:
- 10.1177/1040638719831413
- PubMed:
- 30734668
- PubMed Central:
- PMC6838832
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1040638719831413
- Author:
- Sun, Zhongxiang; Xu, Cuicui; Chen, Shi; Shi, Qi; Wang, Huanhuan; Wang, Rumeng; Song, Yuanyuan; Zeng, Rensen
- Source:
- Insects 2019 v.10 no.1
- ISSN:
- 2075-4450
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Helicoverpa armigera; aflatoxin B1; agroecosystems; bioassays; butachlor; cytochrome P-450; enzyme activity; fat body; heavy metals; insect larvae; insecticides; methomyl; midgut; natural enemies; pests; phytophagous insects; piperonyl butoxide; pupae; pupation; secondary metabolites; toxicity; tritrophic interactions; weight gain; Show all 24 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... With the long-term and large-scale use, herbicides have been well known to influence tritrophic interactions, particularly natural enemies of pests in agro-ecosystems. On the other hand, herbivorous insects, especially the generalist pests, have developed antagonistic interaction to different insecticides, toxic plant secondary metabolites, and even heavy metals. However, whether exposure to herbi ...
- DOI:
- 10.3390/insects10010028
- PubMed:
- 30641934
- PubMed Central:
- PMC6359087
- http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10010028
- Author:
- Odriozola, Ernesto R.; Rodríguez, Alejandro M.; Micheloud, Juan F.; Cantón, Germán J.; Caffarena, Rubén D.; Gimeno, Eduardo J.; Bodega, José J.; Gardey, Pedro; Iseas, Fortunato B.; Giannitti, Federico
- ISSN:
- 1943-4936
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Solanum glaucophyllum; aorta; calcinosis; enzootic diseases; gait; grazing; heart; herds; horses; lungs; mineralization; necropsy; pastures; pulmonary artery; ruminants; signs and symptoms (animals and humans); weight loss; Argentina; Show all 19 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Solanum glaucophyllum, a toxic plant known for its calcinogenic effects, causes enzootic calcinosis in ruminant and monogastric animals. We describe an outbreak of enzootic calcinosis that occurred in a herd of 110 horses grazing pastureland heavily contaminated with S. glaucophyllum in Buenos Aires province, Argentina. Ten horses developed clinical signs, and 6 horses died. Clinical signs include ...
- DOI:
- 10.1177/1040638717746447
- PubMed:
- 29202673
- PubMed Central:
- PMC6505867
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1040638717746447
- Author:
- Leong, Lex Ee Xiang; Khan, Shahjalal; Davis, Carl K.; Denman, Stuart E.; McSweeney, Chris S.
- Source:
- Journal of animal science and biotechnology 2017 v.8 no.1 pp. 55
- ISSN:
- 2049-1891
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Synergistetes; acetates; bacteria; biodegradation; cattle; farmers; fluorides; genetically engineered microorganisms; grazing; herbivores; ingestion; ions; plant growth; rumen; toxic substances; toxicity; Australia; Brazil; South Africa; Show all 20 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Fluoroacetate producing plants grow worldwide and it is believed they produce this toxic compound as a defence mechanism against grazing by herbivores. Ingestion by livestock often results in fatal poisonings, which causes significant economic problems to commercial farmers in many countries such as Australia, Brazil and South Africa. Several approaches have been adopted to protect livestock from ...
- DOI:
- 10.1186/s40104-017-0180-6
- PubMed:
- 28674607
- PubMed Central:
- PMC5485738
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40104-017-0180-6
- Author:
- Povšnar, Marija; Koželj, Gordana; Kreft, Samo; Lumpert, Mateja
- Source:
- Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine 2017 v.13 no.1 pp. 45
- ISSN:
- 1746-4269
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Aconitum napellus; aconitine; childhood; ethnobotany; interviews; physicians; poisoning; recipes; roots; solvents; therapeutics; traditional medicine; Slovenia; Show all 14 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... BACKGROUND: Aconitum species are poisonous plants that have been used in Western medicine for centuries. In the nineteenth century, these plants were part of official and folk medicine in the Slovenian territory. According to current ethnobotanical studies, folk use of Aconitum species is rarely reported in Europe. The purpose of this study was to research the folk medicinal use of Aconitum specie ...
- DOI:
- 10.1186/s13002-017-0171-x
- PubMed:
- 28789666
- PubMed Central:
- PMC5549329
- https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13002-017-0171-x
- Author:
- Welch, Kevin D.; Green, Benedict T.; Gardner, Dale R.; Stonecipher, Clinton A.; Pfister, James A.; Cook, Daniel
- Source:
- Toxins 2016 v.8 no.1
- ISSN:
- 2072-6651
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Delphinium bicolor; Zigadenus; acute toxicity; alkaloids; blood serum; cattle; exercise; heart rate; muscle fatigue; poisoning; rangelands; toxins; Show all 13 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... In many rangeland settings, there is more than one potential poisonous plant. Two poisonous plants that are often found growing simultaneously in the same location in North American rangelands are death camas (Zigadenus spp.) and low larkspur (Delphinium spp.). The objective of this study was to determine if co-administration of death camas would exacerbate the toxicity of low larkspur in cattle. ...
- Handle:
- 10113/62906
- DOI:
- 10.3390/toxins8010021
- PubMed:
- 26771639
- PubMed Central:
- PMC4728543
- http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins8010021
- Author:
- Liu, Li-Na; Ran, Jian-Qiang; Li, Li-Jun; Zhao, Yu; Goto, Masuo; Morris-Natschke, Susan L.; Lee, Kuo-Hsiung; Zhao, Bao-Yu; Tan, Cheng-Jian
- Source:
- Tetrahedron letters 2016 v.57 pp. 5047-5049
- ISSN:
- 0040-4039
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Oxytropis; X-ray diffraction; alkaloids; chemical reactions; chemical structure; cytotoxicity; spectral analysis; Show all 8 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... One dimeric matrine-type alkaloid, ochrocephalamine A (1), was isolated from the poisonous plant Oxytropis ochrocephala Bunge. Its structure was elucidated by spectroscopic data and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The insecticidal and cytotoxic activities of 1 were evaluated. ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.10.009
- PubMed:
- 28066032
- PubMed Central:
- PMC5207778
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.10.009
- Author:
- Campbell, Michael; Oakeson, Kelly F.; Yandell, Mark; Halpert, James R.; Dearing, Denise
- Source:
- Genomics data 2016 v.9 pp. 58-59
- ISSN:
- 2213-5960
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Juniperus monosperma; Larrea tridentata; Neotoma lepida; genome; herbivores; ingestion; mammals; metabolism; nucleotide sequences; shrubs; toxicity; Show all 12 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... We present the de novo draft genome sequence for a vertebrate mammalian herbivore, the desert woodrat (Neotoma lepida). This species is of ecological and evolutionary interest with respect to ingestion, microbial detoxification and hepatic metabolism of toxic plant secondary compounds from the highly toxic creosote bush (Larrea tridentata) and the juniper shrub (Juniperus monosperma). The draft ge ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.gdata.2016.06.008
- PubMed:
- 27408812
- PubMed Central:
- PMC4927542
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gdata.2016.06.008
- Author:
- Wielkopolan, Beata; Obrępalska-Stęplowska, Aleksandra
- Source:
- Planta 2016 v.244 no.2 pp. 313-332
- ISSN:
- 0032-0935
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Coleoptera; adapted feeding; bacteria; biopesticides; crop production; defense mechanisms; endophytes; gene expression regulation; phytophagous insects; plant response; secondary metabolites; symbionts; toxicity; Show all 14 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... MAIN CONCLUSION : Coleoptera, the largest and the most diverse Insecta order, is characterized by multiple adaptations to plant feeding. Insect-associated microorganisms can be important mediators and modulators of interactions between insects and plants. Interactions between plants and insects are highly complex and involve multiple factors. There are various defense mechanisms initiated by plant ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s00425-016-2543-1
- PubMed:
- 27170360
- PubMed Central:
- PMC4938854
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00425-016-2543-1
- Author:
- Davis, T.Z.; Stegelmeier, B.L.; Lee, S.T.; Collett, M.G.; Green, B.T.; Pfister, J.A.; Evans, T.J.; Grum, D.S.; Buck, S.
- Source:
- Research in veterinary science 2016 v.106 pp. 29-36
- ISSN:
- 0034-5288
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Ageratina altissima; blood serum; chemotypes; exercise; goats; ketones; lesions (animal); muscles; poisoning; toxicity; toxins; Show all 12 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Tremetone and possibly other benzofuran ketones are believed to be the toxic compounds in white snakeroot. However, disease has not been reproduced with purified toxins and the concentrations of the benzofuran ketones in white snakeroot populations that cause toxicosis have not been documented. The objectives of this study were to compare the toxicity of seven plant populations, better characteriz ...
- Handle:
- 10113/62915
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.02.008
- Chorus Open Access:
- 10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.02.008
- https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.02.008
- Author:
- Green, Benedict T.; Goulart, Camila; Welch, Kevin D.; Pfister, James A.; McCollum, Isabelle; Gardner, Dale R.
- Source:
- Toxicon 2015 v.108 pp. 11
- ISSN:
- 0041-0101
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Cicuta; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors; plant extracts; polyacetylenes; toxicity; tubers; Show all 7 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Water hemlocks (Cicuta spp.) are acutely toxic members of the Umbellierae family; the toxicity is due to the presence of C17-polyacetylenes such as cicutoxin. There is only limited evidence of noncompetitive antagonism by C17-polyacetylenes at GABAA receptors. In this work with WSS-1 cells, we documented the noncompetitive blockade of GABAA receptors by an aqueous extract of water hemlock (Cicuta ...
- Handle:
- 10113/62893
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.toxicon.2015.09.015
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2015.09.015
- Author:
- Dang, Liuyi; Van Damme, Els J.M.
- Source:
- Phytochemistry 2015 v.117 pp. 51-64
- ISSN:
- 0031-9422
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; animals; antimicrobial peptides; bacteria; fungi; genes; genetic engineering; insects; lectins; mechanism of action; neoplasms; pathogens; plant protection; plant proteins; predators; proteinase inhibitors; toxicity; Show all 17 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Plants have evolved to synthesize a variety of noxious compounds to cope with unfavorable circumstances, among which a large group of toxic proteins that play a critical role in plant defense against predators and microbes. Up to now, a wide range of harmful proteins have been discovered in different plants, including lectins, ribosome-inactivating proteins, protease inhibitors, ureases, arcelins, ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.phytochem.2015.05.020
- PubMed:
- 26057229
- PubMed Central:
- PMC7111729
- https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2015.05.020
- Author:
- Cook, Daniel; Welch, Kevin D.; Green, Benedict T.; Gardner, Dale R.; Pfister, James A.; Constantino, John R.; Stonecipher, Clinton A.
- Source:
- Toxicon 2015 v.99 pp. 36
- ISSN:
- 0041-0101
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Delphinium barbeyi; Delphinium occidentale; alkaloids; animal models; cattle; chemical composition; chemical constituents of plants; exercise; heart rate; mice; poisoning; prediction; rangelands; toxicity; Canada; Western United States; Show all 17 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Larkspurs (Delphinium spp.) are poisonous plants on rangelands throughout the Western United States and Canada. Larkspur-induced poisoning in cattle is due to norditerpene alkaloids that are represented by two main structural groups of norditerpene alkaloids, the N-(methylsuccinimido) anthranoyllycoctonine type (MSAL-type) and the non-MSAL type. Information on the alkaloid composition and resultin ...
- Handle:
- 10113/62821
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.toxicon.2015.03.005
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2015.03.005
16. Changes in swainsonine, calystegine and nitrogen concentrations on an annual basis in Ipomoea carnea
- Author:
- Cook, Daniel; Oliveira, Carlos A.; Gardner, Dale R.; Pfister, James A.; Riet-Correa, Gabriela; Riet-Correa, Franklin
- Source:
- Toxicon 2015 v.95 pp. 62
- ISSN:
- 0041-0101
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Ipomoea carnea; chemical constituents of plants; crude protein; dry season; feeding preferences; forage; herbivores; leaves; livestock; nitrogen content; nutrient content; plant nutrition; plant proteins; poisoning; seasonal variation; swainsonine; toxicity; wet season; Brazil; Show all 20 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Ipomoea carnea, a swainsonine containing plant, is known to cause a neurologic disease in grazing livestock in Brazil and other parts of the world. To better understand the relative toxicity and nutritional content of I. carnea we investigated swainsonine, calystegine, and crude protein concentrations in leaves of I. carnea on a monthly basis for one year in northern and northeastern Brazil. Swain ...
- Handle:
- 10113/62902
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.toxicon.2015.01.002
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2015.01.002
- Author:
- Cook, Daniel; Pfister, James A.; Constantino, John R.; Roper, Jessie M.; Gardner, Dale R.; Welch, Kevin D.; Hammond, Zachary J.; Green, Benedict T.
- Source:
- Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2015 v.63 no.4 pp. 1220
- ISSN:
- 0021-8561
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; DNA primers; toxicity; Delphinium occidentale; analytical chemistry; cattle; death; detection; diagnostic techniques; digestion; ingestion; microscopy; polymerase chain reaction; rumen; Show all 14 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Toxic plants such as Delphinium spp. (i.e., larkspur) are a significant cause of livestock losses worldwide. Correctly determining the causative agent responsible for the death of an animal, whether by disease, poisonous plant, or other means, is critical in developing strategies to prevent future losses. The objective of this study was to develop an alternative diagnostic tool to microscopy and a ...
- Handle:
- 10113/62820
- DOI:
- 10.1021/jf5053496
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf5053496
- Author:
- Welch, K. D.; Panter, K. E.; Lee, S. T.; Gardner, D. R.
- Source:
- Toxicon 2015 v.93 pp. 119
- ISSN:
- 0041-0101
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Nicotiana glauca; abnormal development; anabasine; blood serum; calves; congenital abnormalities; goats; grazing; models; pastures; teratogenicity; Show all 12 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Sustained inhibition of fetal movement in livestock species, induced by several poisonous plants, can result in numerous skeletal-contracture malformations. Lupines are responsible for a condition in cattle referred to as “crooked calf syndrome” that occurs when pregnant cattle graze teratogenic lupines. Similar malformations are also seen in animals poisoned by Conium maculatum (coniine) and Nico ...
- Handle:
- 10113/62783
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.toxicon.2014.11.232
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2014.11.232
- Author:
- Pfister, James A.; Panter, Kip E.; Lee, Stephen T.
- Source:
- International journal of poisonous plant research 2014 v.3 pp. 26
- ISSN:
- 2154-3216
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Lupinus; annuals; biomass; body weight; calves; congenital abnormalities; cows; crude protein; food intake; forage; forbs; grasses; ingestion; pregnancy; protein supplements; rangelands; soybean meal; summer; Washington (state); Show all 20 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Lupinus leucophyllus (velvet lupine) is prevalent in eastern Washington State, and when consumed by pregnant cows, it can cause “crooked calf syndrome.” Rangelands in this region are dominated by poor-quality annual grasses. The objective of this study was to determine whether feeding supplemental crude protein (CP) would reduce cattle consumption of velvet lupine during midsummer. Twelve pregnant ...
- Handle:
- 10113/62592
- Author:
- Tütüncü Konyar, Sevil; Öztürk, Necla; Dane, Feruzan
- Source:
- Botanical studies 2014 v.55 no.1 pp. 32
- ISSN:
- 1999-3110
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Aristolochia; Chelidonium majus; Cynanchum; Hedera helix; Humulus lupulus; Hypericum perforatum; Nerium oleander; Saponaria officinalis; Tribulus terrestris; calcium oxalate; crystals; leaves; light microscopy; pith; plant organs; sand; stems; toxicity; Show all 19 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... BACKGROUND: Calcium oxalate crystals, which are found in many organs of plants, have different morphological forms: as druses, prism, styloids, raphides and crystal sand. In this study, the distribution, type and specific location of calcium oxalate crystals in the leaves and stems of the eight species of poisonous plants and one species of nonpoisonous plant were investigated with light microscop ...
- DOI:
- 10.1186/1999-3110-55-32
- PubMed:
- 28510964
- PubMed Central:
- PMC5432768
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1999-3110-55-32
- Author:
- Welch, Kevin D.; Green, Benedict T.; Panter, Kip E.; Gardner, Dale R.; Pfister, James A.; Cook, Daniel
- Source:
- Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2014 v.62 no.30 pp. 7363
- ISSN:
- 1520-5118
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; guidelines; livestock; phytotoxins; poisoning; ranchers; range management; toxicity; toxicology; Show all 9 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... When livestock are poisoned by plants in a range setting, there is normally more than one poisonous plant in that area. Additionally, many plants contain more than one compound that is toxic to livestock. Frequently, much is known regarding the toxicity of the individual plants and their individual toxins; however, little is known regarding the effect of coexposure to multiple toxic plants or even ...
- Handle:
- 10113/59648
- DOI:
- 10.1021/jf500086u
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1021%2Fjf500086u
- Author:
- Oliveira Júnior, Carlo Alberto; Riet-Correa, Gabriela; Tavares, Carla; Souza, Elda; Cerqueira, Valiria Duarte; Pfister, James; Cook, Daniel; Riet-Correa, Franklin
- Source:
- Ciencia Rural 2014 v.44 no.7 pp. 1240
- ISSN:
- 0103-8478
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Ipomoea carnea; body weight; food choices; goats; grazing; ingestion; lithium chloride; pastures; poisoning; toxicity; Brazil; Show all 12 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Ipomoea carnea is a toxic plant often ingested by livestock in Brazil. Three experiments were conducted to determine if conditioned food aversion was effective in reducing goats’ consumption of I. carnea. In the fi rst experiment, 10 mildly intoxicated goats that had been eating I. carnea were averted using LiCl (175 to 200mg kg-1 body weight). These intoxicated goats did not develop an aversion t ...
- Handle:
- 10113/63022
- DOI:
- 10.1590/0103-8478cr20131445
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20131445
- Author:
- de Lourdes Adrien, Maria; Gardner, Dale; Pfister, James; Marcolongo-Pereira, Clairton; Riet-Correa, Franklin; Schild, Lucia
- Source:
- Ciencia Rural 2014 v.44 no.2 pp. 1240
- ISSN:
- 1678-4596
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Baccharis; Ipomoea carnea; food choices; grazing; lithium chloride; pastures; sheep; Show all 8 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Fifteen sheep were adapted to consume I. carnea for 36 days. Subsequently sheep were randomly divided into three groups of five sheep each. Group 1 was averted with LiCL, group 2 was averted with B. coridifolia, and Group 3 was the control group. The sheep were periodically tested by exposing to I. carnea in the pasture and in individual pens up to the 74th day after the first day of aversion. On ...
- Handle:
- 10113/62595
- Author:
- Lee, Stephen T.; Cook, Daniel; Molyneux, Russell J.
- Source:
- Biochemical systematics and ecology 2014 v.54 pp. 1
- ISSN:
- 0305-1978
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Sophora; geographical distribution; herbs; livestock; quinolizidine alkaloids; risk; shrubs; teratogenicity; trees; Show all 10 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Sophora is a diverse genus representing herbs, shrubs, and trees that occurs throughout the world, primarily in the northern hemisphere. Sophora species contain a variety of quinolizidine alkaloids that are toxic and potentially teratogenic. However, there are no previous reports on the alkaloid content of Sophora leachiana. In this report, the quinolizidine alkaloid composition of Sophora leachia ...
- Handle:
- 10113/58464
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.bse.2013.12.020
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2013.12.020
- Author:
- Albuquerque, Samuel S.C.; Rocha, Brena P.; Almeida, Valdir M.; Oliveira, Juceli S.; Riet-Correa, Franklin; Lee, Stephen T.; Neto, Joaquim Evêncio; Mendonça, e Fábio S.
- Source:
- Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira 2014 v.34 no.5 pp. 433
- ISSN:
- 0100-736X
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Amorimia; brain; cardiomyocytes; cattle; cattle diseases; chemical constituents of plants; death; disease diagnosis; disease outbreaks; edema; eosinophilia; epithelial cells; fibrosis; financial economics; fluoroacetic acid; histopathology; kidneys; muscles; necropsy; necrosis; pericardium; poisoning; spinal cord; tachycardia; tachypnea; toxic substances; vocalization; Brazil; Show all 29 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... morimia (Mascagnia) septentrionalis contains sodium monofluoracetate and when consumed by ruminants cause outbreaks of sudden death. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology, clinical and pathological signs of outbreaks of sudden deaths in cattle caused by A. septentrionalis in the states of Pernambuco and Paraíba. For this, technical visits where made on various properties in the regions of ...
- Handle:
- 10113/62866
26. Induction and transfer of resistance to poisoning by Amorimia (Mascagnia) septentrionalis in goats
- Author:
- Duarte, Amélia L. L.; Medeiros, Rosane M. T.; Carvalho, Fabrício K. L.; Lee, Stephen T.; Cook, Daniel; Pfister, James A.; Costa, Valéria M. M.; Riet-Correa, Franklin
- Source:
- Journal of applied toxicology 2014 v.34 no.2 pp. 220
- ISSN:
- 1099-1263
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Malpighiaceae; biological resistance; goats; heart failure; poisoning; sodium; toxicity; toxicology; Show all 9 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Amorimia septentrionalis contains sodium monofluoroactetate (MFA) and can cause acute heart failure in ruminants when ingested in toxic doses. In this study, we demonstrate that resistance to poisoning by A. septentrionalis can be improved in goats by the repeated administration of non-toxic doses of A. septentrionalis.We also show that increased resistance to poisoning by A. septentrionalis can a ...
- Handle:
- 10113/62954
- DOI:
- 10.1002/jat.2860
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jat.2860
- Author:
- Welch, K. D.; Green, B. T.; Gardner, D. R.; Stonecipher, C. A.; Panter, K. E.; Pfister, J. A.; Cook, D.
- Source:
- Toxicon 2013 v.76 pp. 50
- ISSN:
- 0041-0101
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Delphinium bicolor; Zigadenus; acute toxicity; death; heart rate; muscle fatigue; poisoning; sheep; Show all 9 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... In most cases where livestock are poisoned by plants in a range setting, there is more than one potential poisonous plant in the same area. Two poisonous plants that are often found growing simultaneously in the same location are death camas (Zigadenus spp.) and low larkspur (Delphinium spp.). Sheep are known to be susceptible to death camas poisoning while they are thought to be resistent to lark ...
- Handle:
- 10113/58439
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.09.007
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.09.007
- Author:
- Green, Benedict T.; Lee, Stephen T.; Panter, Kip E.; Brown, David R.
- Source:
- Food and Chemical Toxicology 2012 v.50 pp. 2049
- ISSN:
- 0278-6915
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Conium maculatum; Lupinus; Nicotiana glauca; Nicotiana tabacum; adults; cattle; cleft palate; contracture; food animals; goats; human health; humans; musculoskeletal system; neonates; piperidine alkaloids; sheep; structure-activity relationships; swine; teratogenicity; teratogens; tobacco; tobacco use; Show all 23 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Piperidine alkaloids: Human and food animal teratogensPiperidine alkaloids are acutely toxic to adult livestock species and produce musculoskeletal deformities in neonatal animals. These teratogenic effects include multiple congenital contracture (MCC) deformities and cleft palate in cattle, pigs, sheep, and goats. Poisonous plants containing teratogenic piperidine alkaloids include poison hemlock ...
- Handle:
- 10113/57683
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.fct.2012.03.049
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2012.03.049
- Author:
- Lev-Yadun, Simcha
- Source:
- Plant signaling & behavior 2011 v.6 no.11 pp. 1739-1740
- ISSN:
- 1559-2324
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Agave; Aloe; Asteraceae; Euphorbia; cacti and succulents; flowering; flowers; fruits; leaves; mimicry (behavior); shoots; Show all 12 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Symmetry has been proposed to increase the efficiency of visual aposematic displays in animals, and I suggest that it may also be true for many aposematic spiny or poisonous plants. For instance, in the very spiny plant taxa cacti, Aloe sp., Agave sp. and Euphorbia sp., which have been proposed to be aposematic because of their colorful spine system, the shoots, and in cacti, the spiny fruits as w ...
- DOI:
- 10.4161/psb.6.11.17666
- PubMed:
- 22067106
- PubMed Central:
- PMC3329346
- http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/psb.6.11.17666
- Author:
- Oldrup, Erik; McLain-Romero, Jennifer; Padilla, Anna; Moya, Andrew; Gardner, Dale; Creamer, Rebecca
- Source:
- Botany 2010 v.88 no.5 pp. 512
- ISSN:
- 1916-2804
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Astragalus lentiginosus; Oxytropis sericea; forbs; swainsonine; endophytes; Embellisia; toxigenic strains; mycotoxins; seeds; plant stress; parenchyma; microscopy; polymerase chain reaction; leaves; roots; testa; embryo culture; heat stress; drought; pH; nutrient deficiencies; abiotic stress; water stress; Show all 24 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Endophytic Undifilum oxytropis (Q. Wang, Nagao & Kakish) Pryor, Creamer, Shoemaker, McLain-Romero, & Hambleton found within toxic locoweeds (Astragalus and Oxytropis spp.) produces the alkaloid swainsonine, which is responsible for locoism in grazing animals. We sought to determine the location of U. oxytropis within locoweed seed, develop endophyte free plants, and assess the influence of environ ...
- Handle:
- 10113/43003
- DOI:
- 10.1139/B10-026
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/B10-026
- Author:
- Pfister, James A.; Gardner, Dale R.; Cheney, Carl. C.; Panter, Kip E.; Hall, Jeffery O.
- Source:
- Small ruminant research 2010 v.90 no.1-3 pp. 114
- ISSN:
- 0921-4488
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; sheep; grazing; pastures; sheep feeding; pasture plants; risk assessment; poisoning; adaptation; feeding preferences; protective effect; toxic substances; natural toxicants; selenium; indolizidine alkaloids; Astragalus lentiginosus; diterpenoids; Gutierrezia sarothrae; avoidance conditioning; Show all 19 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Grazing livestock frequently ingest toxic plants, occasionally with fatal results. Behavioral adjustments by livestock may reduce toxin intake; for example they can develop food aversions which may protect animals from over-ingestion of toxic plants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate three plants with different mechanisms of toxicity for their efficacy in conditioning a taste aversion: (1) ...
- Handle:
- 10113/42846
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2010.02.009
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2010.02.009
- Author:
- Welch, Kevin D.; Green, Benedict T.; Gardner, Dale R.; Cook, Daniel; Pfister, James A.; Stegelmeier, Bryan L.; Panter, Kip E.; Davis, T. Zane
- Source:
- American journal of veterinary research 2010 v.71 no.4 pp. 487
- ISSN:
- 0002-9645
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; cattle; cattle diseases; poisoning; Delphinium barbeyi; pathogenesis; natural toxicants; toxic substances; chemical constituents of plants; alkaloids; varieties; strain differences; toxicity; toxicity testing; dosage; chemical composition; Delphinium; dose response; disease severity; dietary exposure; oral administration; Show all 21 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Objective--To determine the contribution of 7,8-methylenedioxylycoctonine (MDL)–type alkaloids to the toxic effects of tall larkspur (Delphinium spp) consumption in cattle. Animals--Sixteen 2-year-old Angus steers. Procedures--Plant material from 3 populations of tall larkspur that contained different concentration ratios of MDL-type-to-N-(methylsuccinimido) anthranoyllycoctonine (MSAL)–type alkal ...
- Handle:
- 10113/45718
- DOI:
- 10.2460/ajvr.71.4.487
- PubMed:
- 20367059
- http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.71.4.487
- Author:
- Pfister, J. A.; Gardner, D. R.; Panter, K. E.
- Source:
- Rangeland ecology & management 2010 v.63 no.2 pp. 263
- ISSN:
- 1551-5028
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; sheep; food animals; grazing; Delphinium; feed intake; feeding preferences; plant density; cattle; risk reduction; stocking rate; alkaloids; Colorado; Idaho; Show all 14 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Low larkspur (Delphinium nuttallianum Pritz.) poisoning causes serious economic loss to livestock producers that graze cattle on foothill and mountain ranges in western North America. In general, all Delphinium spp. are five times less toxic to sheep than to cattle. Because low larkspurs are less toxic to sheep than cattle, grazing sheep before cattle on rangelands with dense populations of low la ...
- Handle:
- 10113/41954
- DOI:
- 10.2111/REM-D-09-00084.1
- http://dx.doi.org/10.2111%2FREM-D-09-00084.1
- Author:
- Gurley, Emily S.; Rahman, Mahmudur; Hossain, M. Jahangir; Nahar, Nazmun; Faiz, M. Abul; Islam, Nazrul; Sultana, Rebeca; Khatun, Selina; Uddin, Mohammad Zashim; Haider, M. Sabbir; Islam, M. Saiful; Ahmed, Be-Nazir; Rahman, Muhammad Waliur; Mondal, Utpal Kumar; Luby, Stephen P.
- Source:
- PloS one 2010 v.5 no.3
- ISSN:
- 1932-6203
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Xanthium strumarium; common names; death; enzymes; epidemiological studies; floods; food prices; foods; hospitals; humans; ingestion; interviews; liver; livestock; malnutrition; monsoon season; multivariate analysis; nutrient requirements; patients; people; risk factors; seedlings; seeds; toxic substances; unconsciousness; villages; vomiting; Bangladesh; Show all 29 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Background: An outbreak characterized by vomiting and rapid progression to unconsciousness and death was reported in Sylhet Distrct in northeastern Bangladesh following destructive monsoon floods in November 2007. Methods and Findings: We identified cases presenting to local hospitals and described their clinical signs and symptoms. We interviewed patients and their families to collect illness his ...
- DOI:
- 10.1371/journal.pone.0009756
- PubMed:
- 20305785
- PubMed Central:
- PMC2841199
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0009756
- Author:
- Cook, Daniel; Gardner, Dale R.; Ralphs, Michael H.; Pfister, James A.; Welch, Kevin D.; Green, Benedict T.
- Source:
- Journal of chemical ecology 2009 v.35 no.10 pp. 1272
- ISSN:
- 0098-0331
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Oxytropis sericea; swainsonine; chemical concentration; endophytes; Embellisia; spatial distribution; spatial variation; quantitative analysis; polymerase chain reaction; Show all 10 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Locoweeds are Astragalus and Oxytropis species that contain the toxic alkaloid swainsonine. Swainsonine accumulates in all parts of the plant with the highest concentrations found in the above ground parts. A fungal endophyte, Undifilum oxytropis, found in locoweed plant species, is responsible for the synthesis of swainsonine. By using quantitative PCR, the endophyte can be quantified in locoweed ...
- Handle:
- 10113/36613
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s10886-009-9710-9
- PubMed:
- 19904570
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10886-009-9710-9
- Author:
- Cook, Daniel; Gardner, Dale R.; Pfister, James A.; Welch, Kevin D.; Green, Benedict T.; Lee, Stephen T.
- Source:
- Journal of chemical ecology 2009 v.35 no.6 pp. 643
- ISSN:
- 0098-0331
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Delphinium occidentale; chemotypes; toxicity; diterpenoid alkaloids; chemical concentration; geographical distribution; geographical variation; phytogeography; Intermountain West region; Northwestern United States; Show all 11 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Larkspurs (Delphinium spp.) are poisonous plants found on rangelands in western North America. Larkspur's toxicity has been attributed to the norditerpenoid alkaloids, which are divided into two main structural groups: the highly toxic (N-methylsuccinimido) anthranoyllycoctonine type (MSAL type) and the less toxic 7,8-methylenedioxylycoctonine type (MDL type). Plants high in the MSAL-type alkaloid ...
- Handle:
- 10113/32025
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s10886-009-9637-1
- PubMed:
- 19459011
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10886-009-9637-1
- Author:
- Appendino, Giovanni; Pollastro, Federica; Verotta, Luisella; Ballero, Mauro; Romano, Adriana; Wyrembek, Paulina; Szczuraszek, Katarzyna; Mozrzymas, Jerzy W.; Taglialatela-Scafati, Orazio
- Source:
- Journal of natural products 2009 v.72 no.5 pp. 962-965
- ISSN:
- 0163-3864
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; mechanism of action; phytotoxins; neurotoxicity; seed extracts; muscle contraction; seeds; gamma-aminobutyric acid; receptors; signs and symptoms (animals and humans); polyacetylenes; roots; chemical structure; Sardinia; Show all 14 Subjects
- DOI:
- 10.1021/np8007717
- PubMed:
- 19245244
- PubMed Central:
- PMC2685611
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/np8007717
- Author:
- Green, Benedict T.; Pfister, James A.; Cook, Daniel; Welch, Kevin D.; Stegelmeier, Bryan L.; Lee, Stephen T.; Gardner, Dale R.; Knoppel, Edward L.; Panter, Kip E.
- Source:
- American journal of veterinary research 2009 v.70 no.4 pp. 539
- ISSN:
- 0002-9645
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; beef cows; cattle diseases; poisoning; Delphinium barbeyi; phytotoxins; diterpenoid alkaloids; dietary exposure; pathogenesis; cardiovascular system; hemodynamics; neurophysiology; muscle physiology; heifers; oral administration; heart rate; evoked potentials; anus; electromyography; drug therapy; neostigmine; physostigmine; Show all 22 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Objective--To determine whether larkspur-derived N-(methylsuccinimido) anthranoyllycoctonine (MSAL)-type alkaloids alter heart rate and electrically evoked electromyographic (eEMG) response of the external anal sphincter (EAS) in cattle and whether these effects can be reversed by acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Animals--12 beef heifers and 4 cows. Procedures--3 or 4 heifers were used in 1 or 2 o ...
- Handle:
- 10113/31937
- DOI:
- 10.2460/ajvr.70.4.539
- PubMed:
- 19335112
- http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.70.4.539
- Author:
- Welch, K.D.; Green, B.T.; Panter, K.E.; Gardner, D.R.; Pfister, J.A.; Cook, D.; Stegelmeier, B.L.
- Source:
- Journal of animal science 2009 v.87 no.4 pp. 1558
- ISSN:
- 0021-8812
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; mice; laboratory animals; strains; strain differences; alkaloids; poisoning; mechanism of action; dosage; animal models; inbred lines; lethal dose 50; pharmacokinetics; excretion; cholinergic receptors; Delphinium; noxious weeds; protein subunits; protein synthesis; Show all 19 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Although the mechanism of action for larkspur alkaloids has been described, little information is available on the variation of the physiological response of individual animals to larkspur alkaloids. Anecdotal observations and pilot studies in cattle indicate that there is animal-to-animal variation in response to a debilitating dose of larkspur alkaloids. The objective of this study was to determ ...
- Handle:
- 10113/29265
- DOI:
- 10.2527/jas.2008-1577
- PubMed:
- 19098233
- http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas.2008-1577
- Author:
- Almeida, Milton Begeres de; Schild, Ana Lucia; Brasil, Nathalia D. Assis; Quevedo, Pedro de Souza; Fiss, Letícia; Pfister, James A.; Riet-Correa, Franklin
- Source:
- Applied animal behaviour science 2009 v.117 no.3-4 pp. 197
- ISSN:
- 0168-1591
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; sheep; animal behavior; conditioned behavior; methodology; Baccharis; dietary exposure; inhalation exposure; ingestion; lithium chloride; feeding behavior; grazing; feed intake; Show all 13 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... In Southern Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina, and Paraguay, the invasive weed Baccharis coridifolia often poisons naïve animals. Farmers prevent B. coridifolia poisoning using several unconventional methods to reduce ingestion: (1) burning plant material under an animals' nose, and having the animal inhale the resulting smoke; (2) rubbing the plant on the animals' muzzle and mouth; and (3) gradually in ...
- Handle:
- 10113/27125
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.applanim.2008.12.006
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2008.12.006
- Author:
- Lee, Stephen T.; Gardner, Dale R.; Tom Chang, Cheng-Wei; Panter, Kip E.; Molyneux, Russell J.
- Source:
- Phytochemical analysis 2008 v.19 no.5 pp. 395
- ISSN:
- 0958-0344
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Lupinus; Nicotiana glauca; chemical analysis; piperidine alkaloids; pyrrolidine alkaloids; alanine; reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography; mass spectrometry; anabasine; nornicotine; Show all 11 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Introduction. Ammodendrine (1), anabasine (2) and coniine (3) can cause congenital malformations in livestock. They appear naturally in both enantiomeric forms, and can cause variable physiological responses. A method to measure the enantiomeric ratio of these natural toxins is needed.Objective. To develop a simple and economical method in order to determine the enantiomeric ratios of piperidine a ...
- Handle:
- 10113/21803
- DOI:
- 10.1002/pca.1064
- PubMed:
- 18438757
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pca.1064
- Author:
- Cook, Robert W.; Scott, Cody B.; Hartmann, F. Steve
- Source:
- Rangeland ecology & management 2008 v.61 no.5 pp. 566
- ISSN:
- 1551-5028
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; goats; food animals; Prosopis glandulosa; woody weeds; pods; feed intake; feeding preferences; seed dispersal; seeds; viability; toxicity; poisoning; feed rations; blood chemistry; metabolites; Show all 16 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Goats, unlike cattle, disperse few viable mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa Torr.) seeds in feces. However, there is some evidence that goats may suffer from toxicosis from overingestion of mesquite pods. We assessed the likelihood that short-term ingestion of mesquite pods would induce toxicosis in goats. Twenty-four goats were randomly allocated to one of four treatments with treatments fed differen ...
- Handle:
- 10113/29945
- DOI:
- 10.2111/05-119.1
- http://dx.doi.org/10.2111%2F05-119.1
- Author:
- Gorniak, Silvana Lima; Pfister, James A.; Lanzonia, Elaine Cristina; Raspantini, Ester Rainert
- Source:
- Applied animal behaviour science 2008 v.111 no.3-4 pp. 396
- ISSN:
- 0168-1591
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; goats; feeding behavior; foraging; conditioned behavior; Leucaena leucocephala; forage legumes; palatability; lithium chloride; feed intake; Show all 10 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Conditioned taste aversions are a useful tool to reduce livestock consumption of toxic plants. The forage legume Leucaena leucocephala (leucaena) is both toxic and palatable. The objective of this study was to determine if goats could be aversively conditioned to avoid leucaena. Adult and juvenile female goats, naïve to leucaena, were divided into control and averted groups. Animals were exposed ...
- Handle:
- 10113/15319
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.applanim.2007.06.005
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2007.06.005
- Author:
- Soto-Blanco, B.; Stegelmeier, B.L.; Pfister, J.A.; Gardner, D.R.; Panter, K.E.
- Source:
- Journal of applied toxicology 2008 v.28 no.3 pp. 356
- ISSN:
- 1099-1263
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; goats; toxic substances; potassium cyanide; thiocyanates; Prunus virginiana; cyanogenic glycosides; toxicity; poisoning; signs and symptoms (animals and humans); blood chemistry; hematologic tests; histopathology; Show all 13 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... The aim of the present study was to determine and compare the clinical, hematological, biochemical and histopathological changes induced by cyanide, thiocyanate and chokecherry (Prunus virginiana) in goats. Sixteen Boer-Spanish cross-bred female goats were divided into four treatment groups: (1) control, (2) potassium cyanide (KCN) at 3.8 mg kg-1 day-1, (3) potassium thiocyanate (KSCN) at 4.5 mg k ...
- Handle:
- 10113/15073
- DOI:
- 10.1002/jat.1286
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jat.1286
- Author:
- Pfister, James A.; Lee, Stephen T.; Panter, Kip E.; Motteram, Ernie S.; Gay, Clive C.
- Source:
- Rangeland ecology & management 2008 v.61 no.2 pp. 240
- ISSN:
- 1551-5028
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; beef cattle; food animals; grazing; feeding preferences; Lupinus; animal age; learning; lactation; feeding behavior; forage grasses; botanical composition; grazing management; Washington; Show all 14 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Lupines (Lupinus spp.) are widespread range plants that are often toxic to livestock. Some reports suggest that naïïve, younger animals might consume more lupine than more experienced, older cattle. Further, lactational stress might alter forage selection, and lactating cows might eat more lupine than nonlactating cows. Thus, the objectives of these trials were to examine the influence of experien ...
- Handle:
- 10113/29921
- DOI:
- 10.2111/06-139.1
- http://dx.doi.org/10.2111%2F06-139.1
- Author:
- Zhang, Jianjun; Garrossian, Massoud; Gardner, Dale; Garrossian, Arash; Chang, Young-Tae; Kim, Yun Kyung; Chang, Cheng-Wei Tom
- Source:
- Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 2008 v.18 no.4 pp. 1359
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; steroid alkaloids; toxic substances; chemical reactions; carbohydrates; anticarcinogenic activity; antineoplastic agents; lung neoplasms; cell lines; Show all 9 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... A diversity-oriented synthesis has been developed for facile construction of a library of carbohydrate–cyclopamine conjugates. The synthetic protocol is suitable for generating cyclopamine derivatives with various structural motifs for exploring the desired activity. From this initial library, we have observed one derivative that exhibits improved activity against lung cancer cell as compared to c ...
- Handle:
- 10113/34518
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.01.017
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.01.017
- Author:
- Ralphs, M. H.; Creamer, R.; Baucom, D.; Gardner, D. R.; Welsh, S. L.; Graham, J. D.; Hart, C.; Cook, D.; Stegelmeier, B. L.
- Source:
- Journal of chemical ecology 2008 v.34 no.1 pp. 32
- ISSN:
- 0098-0331
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Astragalus; Oxytropis sericea; endophytes; fungi; Embellisia; swainsonine; phytotoxins; chemical concentration; surveys; United States; Show all 11 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Locoweeds (Astragalus and Oxytropis spp. that contain the toxic alkaloid swainsonine) cause widespread poisoning of livestock on western rangelands. There are 354 species of Astragalus and 22 species of Oxytropis in the US and Canada. Recently, a fungal endophyte, Embellisia spp., was isolated from Astragalus and Oxytropis spp. and shown to produce swainsonine. We conducted a survey of the major l ...
- Handle:
- 10113/16528
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s10886-007-9399-6
- PubMed:
- 18060459
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10886-007-9399-6
- Author:
- Molyneux, R.J.; Lee, S.T.; Gardner, D.R.; Panter, K.E.; James, L.F.
- Source:
- Phytochemistry 2007 v.68 no.22-24 pp. 2973
- ISSN:
- 0031-9422
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; Taxus baccata; Veratrum californicum; Lupinus; Nicotiana; Astragalus; Oxytropis; Castanospermum australe; Calystegia; Ipomoea; phytochemicals; bioactive properties; livestock; Show all 13 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Phytochemicals are constitutive metabolites that enable plants to overcome temporary or continuous threats integral to their environment, while also controlling essential functions of growth and reproduction. All of these roles are generally advantageous to the producing organisms but the inherent biological activity of such constituents often causes dramatic adverse consequences in other organism ...
- Handle:
- 10113/13290
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.09.004
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.09.004
- Author:
- Barbosa, Rossemberg C.; Riet-Correa, Franklin; Lima, Everton F.; Medeiros, Rosane M.T.; Guedes, Karla M.R.; Gardner, Dale R.; Molyneux, Russell J.; Melo, Lucio, E.H. de
- Source:
- Pesquisa veterinária brasileira revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal = Brazilian journal of veterinary research 2007 v.27 no.10 pp. 409
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; goats; Ipomoea; Convolvulaceae; swainsonine; toxicity testing; Show all 6 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Ipomoea sericophylla and Ipomoea riedelii cause a glycoprotein storage disease in goats. This paper reports the experimental poisoning in goats by dried I. sericophylla and I. riedelii containing 0.05% and 0.01% swainsonine, respectively. Three groups with four animals each were used. Group 1 received daily doses of 2g/kg body weight (bw) of dried I. sericophylla (150mg of swainsonine/kg). Goats f ...
- Handle:
- 10113/21858
- DOI:
- 10.1590/S0100-736X2007001000004
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0100-736X2007001000004
- Author:
- Pfister, J.A.; Stegelmeier, B.L.; Cheney, C.D.; Gardner, D.R.
- Source:
- Journal of animal science 2007 v.85 no.7 pp. 1836
- ISSN:
- 0021-8812
- Subject:
- poisonous plants, etc ; horses; sheep; animal behavior; feeding behavior; avoidance conditioning; behavior modification; drug therapy; lithium chloride; training (animals); correlation; dietary exposure; Astragalus; Oxytropis; poisoning; dosage; feeds; taste; feed intake; learning; adverse effects; Show all 21 Subjects
- Abstract:
- ... Locoweed species (Astragalus and Oxytropis spp.) are a serious toxic plant problem for grazing livestock. Horses and sheep have been conditioned to avoid eating locoweed using the aversive agent LiCl. The objective of this study was to determine if previous locoweed intoxication affects food aversion learning in horses and sheep. Horses and sheep were divided into 3 treatment groups: control (not ...
- Handle:
- 10113/4302
- DOI:
- 10.2527/jas.2007-0046
- PubMed:
- 17431041
- http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas.2007-0046