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Ricardo A. Chávez Montes; Anna Haber; Jeremy Pardo; Robyn F. Powell; Upendra K. Divisetty; Anderson T. Silva; Tania Hernández-Hernández; Vanildo Silveira; Haibao Tang; Eric Lyons; Luis Rafael Herrera Estrella; Robert VanBuren; Melvin J. Oliver
Sporobolus indicus var. pyramidalis; Sporobolus stapfianus; drought tolerance; evolution; genome; genomics; grasses; hexaploidy; protein structure; tetraploidy; transcription (genetics); transcriptome
Abstract:
... Desiccation tolerance is an ancient and complex trait that spans all major lineages of life on earth. Although important in the evolution of land plants, the mechanisms that underlay this complex trait are poorly understood, especially for vegetative desiccation tolerance (VDT). The lack of suitable closely related plant models that offer a direct contrast between desiccation tolerance and sensiti ...
... The Late Intermediate Period (LIP, c. 1000–1450 CE) was a time of cultural change in the Peruvian highlands. During this time, interpersonal violence increased, and settlements were placed in defensive locations at high elevations. High altitude settlement was also a proxy for agropastoral economies. Coinciding with these cultural and economic transformations were shifts in mortuary practices in w ...
... Antimicrobial resistance is one of the greatest global threats. Particularly, multidrug resistant extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing pathogens confer resistance to many commonly used medically important antibiotics, especially beta-lactam antibiotics. Here, we developed an innovative combination approach to therapy for multidrug resistant pathogens by encapsulating cephalosporin antibi ...
... Satellite sensors usually compromise between their spatial and spectral resolutions due to the limitations of data volume and signal-to-noise ratio, such as the Very High spatial Resolution (VHR) PlanetScope (PS, four or five 3-m bands) and medium spatial resolution (med-resolution) Sentinel-2 (S2, ten 10-m or 20-m bands) constellations. Concomitant with the growing demand for satellite images wit ...
Jozef Hooson (Jzh); Jayne Hutchinson (Jyh); Marisol Warthon-Medina; Neil Hancock; Katharine Greathead; Bethany Knowles; Elisa Vargas-Garcia; Lauren E. Gibson; Linda A. Bush; Barrie Margetts; Sian Robinson; Andy Ness; Nisreen A. Alwan; Petra A. Wark; Mark Roe; Paul Finglas; Toni Steer; Polly Page; Laura Johnson; Katharine Roberts; Birdem Amoutzopoulos; Victoria J. Burley; Darren C. Greenwood; Janet E. Cade
... Health researchers may struggle to choose suitable validated dietary assessment tools (DATs) for their target population. The aim of this review was to identify and collate information on validated UK DATs and validation studies for inclusion on a website to support researchers to choose appropriate DATs. A systematic review of reviews of DATs was undertaken. DATs validated in UK populations were ...
... Large scale agricultural production can lead to a reduction in availability of habitat used by wild bees for nesting and forage and has been implicated in worldwide bee population declines. There is growing concern that further declines in wild bee populations will occur because of continued transformations of natural or seminatural landscapes into crop monocultures. Managed honey bees, often used ...
alginates; biopolymers; chemical bonding; cross-linking reagents; emulsions; esterification; gels; hydrocolloids; hydrodynamics; loss modulus; microscopy; oils; pH; polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; propylene glycol; separation; sodium caseinate; storage modulus; thermal stability; zeta potential
Abstract:
... The current study describes an approach for creating covalently bonded complexes of sodium caseinate (NaCas) and propylene glycol alginate (PGA) without using a cross-linking agent. The principle is based on a transacylation reaction between the esterified carboxylic groups of PGA and amino groups of NaCas during pH shift from alkaline (pH 12.0) to neutral condition (pH 7.0). The increased molecul ...
... Legumes develop a symbiotic relationship with bacteria that are housed in root nodules and fix atmospheric di-nitrogen (N₂) to ammonia. In soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) nodules, the final products of nitrogen (N) fixation are amino acids, and the ureides allantoin and allantoic acid that also serve as the major long-distance N transport forms. Recently, we have shown that increased expression o ...
David C. Love; Frank Asche; Ruth Young; Elizabeth M. Nussbaumer; James L. Anderson; Robert Botta; Zach Conrad; Halley E. Froehlich; Taryn M. Garlock; Jessica A. Gephart; Andrew Ropicki; Joshua S. Stoll; Andrew L. Thorne-Lyman
aquaculture; crayfish; data collection; income; lobsters; markets; salmon; seafood consumption; seafoods; shrimp; species diversity; trout; tuna; urbanization; Louisiana; New England region; Texas
Abstract:
... While a large number of studies have investigated seafood consumption in various markets, surprisingly little is known about the types of seafood sold in retail outlets or their product forms in the USA. This is particularly true for fresh seafood, which is generally regarded as the most valuable product form of seafood. In this article, a unique dataset on retail in-store seafood sales that inclu ...
... Antibiotic resistance in agricultural soils is a significant environmental and health challenge worldwide. To minimize the risk of antibiotic resistance, it is important to understand the fate and spread mechanism of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and develop effective technologies to minimize their negative effects. In this work, we reviewed recent studies on the occurrence o ...
... In this study, thymol-loaded hydrophobically modified phytoglycogen/zein nanocomplexes with a particle size around 100 nm were developed for improving microbial safety of fresh produce. The antimicrobial activities, including the determination of minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentration, growth kinetic curves, and inhibition zone of the nanocomplexes against foodborne pathogens (Listeria ...
... This research aims to investigate the efficacy of chlorine dioxide gas on the inactivation of Salmonella on dried basil leaves and evaluate the suitability of E. faecium as a surrogate for Salmonella. Dried basil leaves (2.0 ± 0.1 g) inoculated with a 5-strain Salmonella cocktail or E. faecium were packed in a paper bag, heat-sealed, and placed inside a chlorine dioxide treatment chamber. The samp ...
USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference; fresh market; nutrition; people; tomatoes
Abstract:
... Tomatoes are the second most consumed vegetable in the United States. In 2017, American people consumed 9.2 kg of tomatoes from a fresh market and 33.2 kg of processed tomato products per capita. One commonly asked question by consumers and the nutrition community is "Are processed tomato products as nutritious as fresh tomatoes?" This review addresses this question by summarizing the current unde ...
... Soil health is an increasingly important concept that provides aspirational targets for agricultural management. Due in part to the incredible diversity of soil microbial communities, however, the biological components of soil health remain poorly understood. In the last decade the refinement of high-throughput DNA sequencing approaches for examining soil microbial communities has led to sequence- ...
Monte Carlo method; agriculture; algorithms; arable soils; data collection; electronics; equipment; landscapes; neural networks; prediction; prototypes; travel; uncertainty; uncertainty analysis
Abstract:
... A fleet of autonomous ground vehicles (AGV) is envisioned to expand farming to arable land suitable for production except for being too steep for conventional equipment. The success of proposed multi-AGV system largely depends on the traction performance of the individual AGVs on unevenly sloped terrain and optimization of the AGVs control variables. Therefore, the drawbar pull performance of a pr ...
... The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fate of generic Escherichia coli in fecal pats under different field conditions and to predict Salmonella and Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) survival dynamics based on developed models. Eight trials were conducted during spring and fall in both North and Central Florida. Fresh cattle feces (1g) was placed on mature green round tomatoes located in ...
... The salvaging of the waste disposable mask was conducted in this study through catalytic pyrolysis over corn stover derived biochar catalyst combined with the boosted generation of hydrogen and mono-aromatic hydrocarbons for the first time. In the absence of biochar, up to 53 wt% of wax was observed at 550 ºC, whereas at the biochar/mask ratio of 2, around 41 wt% of liquid oil was produced without ...
... Bismuth nanosheets (BiNSs) have been recognized as a promising catalyst for electrochemical CO₂ reduction (CO₂RR) to formate, but their preparation typically involves an elaborate synthesis of Bi precursors under elevated temperatures and pressures. Here, we demonstrate a simple surfactant-free method of preparing Bi₂O₃-derived BiNSs (OD-BiNSs) by aqueous precipitation and cyclic voltammetry (CV) ...
Oregon; Pteridium aquilinum; administrative management; burn severity; fire behavior; fire severity; forest ecology; landscapes; residual forests; secondary forests; species richness; stand development; understory; wildfires; Cascade Mountain region
Abstract:
... Wildfire size and frequency are increasing across the western U.S., affecting large areas of young, second-growth forest originating after logging and burning. Despite their prevalence in the western Cascade landscape, we have a poor understanding of how these young stands respond to fire or how their responses differ from older, undisturbed forests, which are well studied. We explore these questi ...
... The biosynthesis of wax esters and triglycerides in bacteria is accomplished through the action of the wax ester synthase/acyl-coenzyme A:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (WS/DGAT or wax ester synthase). A hallmark of these enzymes is the broad substrate profile that accepts alcohols, diglycerides, and fatty acyl-CoAs of various carbon chain lengths and degrees of branching. These enzymes have a bro ...
... Strobilurin fungicides are a class of persistent fungicides frequently detected in the environment. Microbes can effectively degrade strobilurins, but the mechanisms are complex and diverse. Compared with isolated strains, bacterial consortia are more robust in terms of the degradation of multiple pollutants. The enrichment culture XS19 is a group of bacterial strains enriched from soil and degrad ...
... Cross-contamination is a key food safety risk during both harvesting and post-harvest processing of fresh produce. Very few effective intervention approaches are available for reducing cross-contamination risks from diverse food contact surfaces during harvesting and post-harvest processing. Therefore, developing an effective antimicrobial coating that can be simply applied on a diversity of food ...
... Greenbug (Schizaphis graminum Rondani) is a destructive insect pest that not only damages plants, but also serves as a vector for many viruses. Host plant resistance is the preferred strategy for managing greenbug. Two greenbug resistance genes, Rsg1 and Rsg2, have been reported in barley. To breed cultivars with effective resistance against various greenbug biotypes, additional resistance genes a ...
Oreochromis mossambicus; United States Environmental Protection Agency; ammonium; bioaccumulation; brackish water; depuration; drugs; half life; humans; liver; muscles; propionic acid; salinity; North Carolina
Abstract:
... Contaminants of emerging concern (CEC) are a broad suite of chemicals commonly found in the environment, aquatic organisms and even drinking water. They include pharmaceuticals, personal care products, industrial chemicals and compounds added to consumer products. The CEC ammonium 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-heptafluoropropoxy propanoic acid, which is more commonly known as generic name GenX, is a repla ...
body mass index; dietetics; linear models; randomized clinical trials; vegetable consumption; vegetables; North Dakota
Abstract:
... The health benefits of diets rich in fruits and vegetables (FV) are well established. Recent observational and intervention research suggests that FV consumption may also exert a positive effect on psychological well-being. This study aimed to assess changes in mean Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS) scores in response to consuming 2010-2015 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) recommended types a ...
... The roles of energy pathways in postmortem muscles are still debated. In this study, the contributions of different pathways to ATP production and pH variations were analyzed by using a kinetic model based on data from beef longissimus lumborum. Phosphocreatine represents over 92% of the initial ATP production but, after 24 h, glycolysis, phosphocreatine, myokinase reaction, and aerobic respiratio ...
... The SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic poses significant health risks to workers who are essential to maintaining the food supply chain. Using a quantitative risk assessment model, this study characterized the impact of risk reduction strategies for controlling SARS-CoV-2 transmission (droplet, aerosol, fomite-mediated) among front-line workers in a representative indoor fresh fruit and vegetable manufact ...
... Combustion of residual (waste) biomass represents an environmental hazard and a lost economic opportunity. The production of specialty chemicals provides a more attractive pathway to dispose of residual biomass; however, a problem that arises in recovering products from waste is that there are currently no well-established markets that bring together all stakeholders involved (e.g., biomass produc ...
... Weedy rice grows competitively with cultivated rice and significantly diminishes rice grain production worldwide. The different effects of Cu-based nanomaterials on the production of weedy and cultivated rice, especially the grain qualities are not known. Grains were collected from weedy and cultivated rice grown for four months in field soil amended with nanoscale CuO (nCuO), bulk CuO (bCuO), and ...
calcium carbonate; clay; gypsum; pH; palygorskite; playas; research; salinity; smectite; sodium; soil texture; tillage; viscoelasticity; water content; water erosion; Iran
Abstract:
... Saline-sodic soils are susceptible to wind and water erosion when the dispersive effect of sodium overcomes inter-particle bonds. Rheological parameters of viscoelasticity can help to quantify inter-particle attractive forces and account for the effect of salinity in these soils. The main objective of the present study was to investigate the viscoelasticity behavior of saline-sodic soils of the Si ...
Julia S. Sobolik; Elizabeth T. Sajewski; Lee-Ann Jaykus; D. Kane Cooper; Ben A. Lopman; Alicia N.M. Kraay; P. Barry Ryan; Jodie L. Guest; Amy Webb-Girard; Juan S. Leon
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; World Health Organization; cold chain; decontamination; disease control; fomites; food industry; food quality; food safety; frozen foods; hand washing; labor force; microbiological risk assessment; models; risk; risk reduction; vaccination; vaccines; water quality
Abstract:
... Countries continue to debate the need for decontamination of cold-chain food packaging to reduce possible severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) fomite transmission among frontline workers. While laboratory-based studies demonstrate persistence of SARS-CoV-2 on surfaces, the likelihood of fomite-mediated transmission under real-life conditions is uncertain. Using a quantitati ...
... Machine learning and classical statistics were used to unravel the complex data set generated by the analysis of 77 fatty acids in milk from 76 cows fed 3 forages. Multivariate analysis of variance – principal components analysis (mANOVA-PCA) was used to deconvolute the data and determine the variance contributed by the main experimental factors: forage, the arbitrary cow groups, cow-to-cow variab ...
Pinus strobus; carotenoids; conifer needles; forestry equipment; fungi; normalized difference vegetation index; reflectance; satellites; summer; New England region
Abstract:
... Eastern white pines (Pinus strobus L.) of New England forests have been recently impacted by a fungal disease known as White Pine Needle Damage (WPND), causing widespread needle damage. To complement current WPND monitoring methods based on field and aerial detection surveys, we evaluated the potential of satellite remote sensing technology to detect WPND outbreaks. Using Sentinel-2 spectral veget ...
... Plasma lipid levels are altered in chronic conditions such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, as well as during acute stresses such as fasting and cold exposure. Advances in mass spectrometry-based lipidomics have uncovered a complex plasma lipidome of more than 500 lipids that serve functional roles, including as energy substrates and signaling molecules. This plasma lipid pool is mai ...
absorption; algorithms; cameras; foods; gels; temperature profiles
Abstract:
... As a helpful step towards the future development of a solid-state microwave system that can dynamically control microwave source parameters to deliver better heating performance, a complementary-frequency heating strategy has been developed and will be discussed here. The proposed complementary-frequency heating strategy is based on potential microwave heating uniformity enhancement through microw ...
Meaghan E. Glenn; Kelly Patlan; Patricia Connor; Chantal Stidsen; Sarah Ball; Karen E. Peterson; Lauren E.W. Olsho; Alice Ann H. Gola; Kristen A. Copeland
USDA; added sugars; adults; child care; dietetics; energy intake; food groups; nutrient density
Abstract:
... Early-child-care (ECE) programs may substantially influence child diet quality. The Study of Nutrition and Activity in Child Care Settings describes the usual food group intake of preschool-aged children attending ECE programs relative to Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) recommendations, comparing intakes during child-care and non-child-care days. Meal observations and parent-completed food ...
... Cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2)- and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX)-catalyzed biosynthesis of eicosanoids play important roles in inflammation and chronic diseases. The vitamin E family has four tocopherols and tocotrienols. We have shown that the metabolites of δ-tocopherol (δT) and δ-tocotrienol (δTE), i.e., δT-13’-carboxychromanol (COOH) and δTE-13’-COOH, respectively, inhibit COX-1/-2 and 5-LOX activ ...
deer; forests; game animals; habitats; humans; hunters; land management; motorized recreation; private forestry; wildlife; Wisconsin
Abstract:
... Hunters are often assumed to possess conservation and stewardship values. Research on whether these values translate into active land management is scant and inconclusive, particularly as it relates to family forest landowners (FFOs). We examined how strength of deer hunter identity is associated with land management behaviors and intentions of FFOs in Wisconsin. While identity as a construct has ...
... Basil downy mildew, caused by the pathogen Peronospora belbahrii, is a major problem for sweet basil growers worldwide. The genome sequences of both Ocimum basilicum and P. belbahrii were recently completed but extensive transcriptome analysis of this pathosystem has not been completed. RNA sequencing was performed using basil leaf samples (of a susceptible cultivar) collected three and six days a ...
adults; biosynthesis; breast muscle; broiler chickens; genes; lipids; metabolic diseases; myoblasts; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma; wooden breast
Abstract:
... Disorders affecting the breast muscle of modern commercial broiler chickens have increased in recent years. Wooden Breast (WB) myopathy is characterized by a palpably hard breast muscle with increased fat deposition. WB is a metabolic disorder with lipid accumulation considered to be a primary causal factor. The adult myoblasts, satellite cells, are a partially differentiated stem cell population ...
... Hydrothermal carbonization is a thermochemical process that converts wet waste biomass into hydrochar, a renewable solid fuel that comprises a coal-like primary phase and an oily secondary phase. The varying oxidation rates of these phases may result in an inefficient energy recovery when combusting the hydrochar, as secondary char is more reactive. Brewer’s spent grain, dairy cheese whey and food ...
Matthew J. Sumnall; Timothy J. Albaugh; David R. Carter; Rachel L. Cook; W. Cully Hession; Otávio C. Campoe; Rafael A. Rubilar; Randolph H. Wynne; Valerie A. Thomas
Pinus taeda; data collection; forests; leaf area index; planting; prices; tree height; trees; unmanned aerial vehicles
Abstract:
... Airborne laser scanning (ALS) is increasingly used to estimate various forest characteristics. Technological improvements in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and drone laser scanning (DLS) sensors have permitted the acquisition of high pulse density datasets. There is an assumption that higher pulse densities yield greater accuracies in estimating forest characteristics. In this study, we investiga ...
... Lipid and protein extractability from food matrices has been challenged by the use of several sequential unit operations and flammable solvents to produce defatted flours. The effects of enzymatic extraction on the simultaneous extraction of lipids and proteins from full-fat almond flour, insoluble microstructure, and oil recovery from two different emulsion destabilization strategies (enzymatic a ...
... Hydrochar has been gaining tremendous interest as adsorbent materials, however, change in material properties due to process liquid recirculation needs to be explored, since commercial hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is likely to recycle HTC process liquid in order to preheat the feedstock as well as minimize the wastewater accumulation. Therefore, this study focused on the process liquid recircu ...
... Foodborne illnesses resulting from bacterial pathogens pose an increasing threat to human health worldwide. The ability to more rapidly and sensitively detect bacteria in food samples is critical to ensure food safety and minimize the risk of human exposure to potential hazards. A highly sensitive electrochemical sensing platform was developed for the detection of Escherichia coli (E. coli) on fre ...
Escherichia coli; data collection; irrigation; irrigation water; microbiological quality; oxygen; pH; temperature; temporal variation; variance; water quality
Abstract:
... Fecal contamination of water used for irrigation is assessed through the measurement of E. coli concentrations. The concentrations of this fecal indicator bacteria have been shown to vary highly in both space and time which may affect the results of microbial monitoring surveys. Determining if stable patterns of E. coli can exist in irrigation sources will improve our ability to design effective m ...
... The aim of this study was to investigate how the properties of powered food (particle size and chemical composition), food contact surface (surface roughness), and the environment (ambient relative humidity) impact the efficacy of brushing and scraping in removing wheat flour and non-fat dry milk (NFDM) from stainless steel coupon surfaces. Scraping was significantly less effective than brushing i ...
... Fossil fuels have been the major source of electricity supply in the United States of America (USA) for many decades. While a significant shift has occurred from coal-dominated supply to natural gas and renewable source based supplies in recent decades, there is still large potential to improve biomass supported electricity contribution in rural communities, which depend majorly on forest-related ...
... Long-term nitrogen fertilization imparts significant effects on the soil environment and soil microbial communities relevant to nutrient cycling. Understanding the complex interactions between soil biology, management practices, and the soil environment is an important step toward improving soil health. The Crop Residue study of the Long-Term Plots at Pendleton, Oregon USA demonstrate declines in ...
... Biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by plants can reveal information about plant adaptation, defense processes, and biological pathways. Thus, such VOC data may be utilized to capture phenotypic plant responses to the environment. In this study, the main objective was to evaluate the potential of biogenic compounds, including VOCs, to phenotype two pea cultivars, Ariel (susceptible) ...