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1. Classifying shoulder implants in X-ray images using deep learning

Author:
Urban, Gregor; Porhemmat, Saman; Stark, Maya; Feeley, Brian; Okada, Kazunori; Baldi, Pierre
Source:
Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal 2020 v.18 pp. 967-972
ISSN:
2001-0370
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; data collection; neural networks; patients; prostheses; surgery;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Total Shoulder Arthroplasty (TSA) is a type of surgery in which the damaged ball of the shoulder is replaced with a prosthesis. Many years later, this prosthesis may be in need of servicing or replacement. In some situations, such as when the patient has changed his country of residence, the model and the manufacturer of the prosthesis may be unknown to the patient and primary doctor. Correct iden ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.csbj.2020.04.005
PubMed:
32368331
PubMed Central:
PMC7186366

2. An improved edge detection algorithm for X-Ray images based on the statistical range

Author:
Bharodiya, Anil K.; Gonsai, Atul M.
Source:
Heliyon 2019 v.5 no.10 pp. e02743
ISSN:
2405-8440
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; algorithms; humans; orthopedics; satellites;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Edge detection is the prior stage to object recognition and considered as a pillar for image processing task. It is a process to detect such locations from images in terms of pixels where their intensity changing is abruptly. There are many types of images such as medical images, satellite images, articular images, industrial images, general purpose images etc. X-Ray is a type of medical image in ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02743
PubMed:
31720478
PubMed Central:
PMC6838874

3. Visualization of internal 3D structure of small live seed on germination by laboratory-based X-ray microscopy with phase contrast computed tomography

Author:
Kunishima, Naoki; Takeda, Yoshihiro; Hirose, Raita; Kalasová, Dominika; Šalplachta, Jakub; Omote, Kazuhiko
Source:
Plant methods 2020 v.16 no.1 pp. 7
ISSN:
1746-4811
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; Viola; computed tomography; germination; image analysis; irradiation; microscopy; plant tissues; seeds; staining;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: The visualization of internal 3D-structure of tissues at micron resolutions without staining by contrast reagents is desirable in plant researches, and it can be achieved by an X-ray computed tomography (CT) with a phase-retrieval technique. Recently, a laboratory-based X-ray microscope adopting the phase contrast CT was developed as a powerful tool for the observation of weakly absorb ...
DOI:
10.1186/s13007-020-0557-y
PubMed:
32021643
PubMed Central:
PMC6995115

4. Structural insights into melatonin receptors

Author:
Stauch, Benjamin; Johansson, Linda C.; Cherezov, Vadim
Source:
TheFEBS journal 2020 v.287 no.8 pp. 1496-1510
ISSN:
1742-464X
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; biosynthesis; circadian rhythm; crystallography; humans; ligands; melatonin; oligomerization; pharmacology; serotonin;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... The long‐anticipated high‐resolution structures of the human melatonin G protein‐coupled receptors MT₁ and MT₂, involved in establishing and maintaining circadian rhythm, were obtained in complex with two melatonin analogs and two approved anti‐insomnia and antidepression drugs using X‐ray free‐electron laser serial femtosecond crystallography. The structures shed light on the overall conformation ...
DOI:
10.1111/febs.15128
PubMed:
31693784
PubMed Central:
PMC7174090

5. Determination of orthodontic bracket and tooth adaptation using an X-ray micro-computer tomography scanner

Author:
Fakir, Yaseen; Keanly, Colm; Mulder, Riaan
Source:
MethodsX 2020 v.7 pp. 100851
ISSN:
2215-0161
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; casts (medical); computer software; models; plaster; scanners; teeth; tomography;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... The determination of the orthodontic brackets’ adaptation to the curvatures of teeth is a difficult topic to study. The complexity arise due to the different designs of their fitting surfaces, margins and curvatures of orthodontic brackets. Teeth on the other hand have variation in their curvatures and the question remains how well an orthodontic brackets truly adapt to the teeth. Previous methods ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.mex.2020.100851
PubMed:
32280599
PubMed Central:
PMC7139150

6. Designing Allele-Specific Inhibitors of Spastin, a Microtubule-Severing AAA Protein

Author:
Pisa, Rudolf; Cupido, Tommaso; Kapoor, Tarun M.
Source:
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2019 v.141 no.14 pp. 5602-5606
ISSN:
1520-5126
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; active sites; adenosinetriphosphatase; alleles; cysteine; mutants; mutation; proteins;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... The bump–hole approach is a powerful chemical biology strategy to specifically probe the functions of closely related proteins. However, for many protein families, such as the ATPases associated with diverse cellular activities (AAA), we lack structural data for inhibitor-protein complexes to design allele-specific chemical probes. Here we report the X-ray structure of a pyrazolylaminoquinazoline- ...
DOI:
10.1021/jacs.8b13257
PubMed:
30875216
PubMed Central:
PMC6637947

7. Behavior of schmutzdecke with varied filtration rates of slow sand filter to remove total coliforms

Author:
matuzahroh, Ni’; Fitriani, Nurina; Ardiyanti, Putri Eka; Kuncoro, Eko Prasetyo; Budiyanto, Wahid Dian; Isnadina, Dwi Ratri Mitha; Wahyudianto, Febri Eko; Radin Mohamed, Radin Maya Saphira
Source:
Heliyon 2020 v.6 no.4 pp. e03736
ISSN:
2405-8440
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; basil; coliform bacteria; filtration; most probable number technique; rivers; sand; sand filters; spectroscopy; water quality standards; Indonesia;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... The previous research showed that slow sand filtration (SSF) can remove the total coli by approximately 99% because of the schmutzecke layer in the filter. The presented study aimed to complete the previous research on SSF, especially on the schmuztdecke layer mechanism, to remove total coli. Total coli is a parameter of water quality standard in Indonesia, and the behavior of schmutzdecke affects ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03736
PubMed:
32280804
PubMed Central:
PMC7136621

8. Therapeutic effects of revascularisation on the healing of free bone grafts in dogs

Author:
Zheng, Jia-San; Ruan, Hong-Ri; Shuang-Qiu,; Jing-Nie,; Hou, Kai-Wen; Rui-Wu,
Source:
Journal of Veterinary Research 2020 v.64 no.1 pp. 175-180
ISSN:
2450-8608
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; Beagle; adults; anesthesia; biomarkers; blood; bone formation; bones; cryopreservation; dogs; histology; osteoclasts; prostheses; saphenous vein;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... The therapeutic effect of subcutaneous embedding and revascularisation on the repair of canine bone defects caused by open fracture was examined. A total of 12 adult beagle dogs were randomly split into a control group (group C) and a test group (group T). A section of the radius was removed from each dog under general anaesthesia and the deficit supported by an orthopaedic implant. Group T had th ...
DOI:
10.2478/jvetres-2020-0023
PubMed:
32258815
PubMed Central:
PMC7105986

9. Correlated X-ray Ptychography and Fluorescence Nano-Tomography on the Fragmentation Behavior of an Individual Catalyst Particle during the Early Stages of Olefin Polymerization

Author:
Bossers, Koen W.; Valadian, Roozbeh; Zanoni, Silvia; Smeets, Remy; Friederichs, Nic; Garrevoet, Jan; Meirer, Florian; Weckhuysen, Bert M.
Source:
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2020 v.142 no.8 pp. 3691-3695
ISSN:
1520-5126
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy; catalysts; fluorescence; image analysis; models; olefin; polymerization; polyolefin; polypropylenes; propylene; tomography;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... A combination of X-ray ptychography and X-ray fluorescence tomography (XRF) has been used to study the fragmentation behavior of an individual Ziegler–Natta catalyst particle, ∼40 μm in diameter, in the early stages of propylene polymerization with submicron spatial resolution. The electron density signal obtained from X-ray ptychography gives the composite phases of the Ziegler–Natta catalyst par ...
DOI:
10.1021/jacs.9b13485
PubMed:
32040306
PubMed Central:
PMC7047224

10. Charge transport and structure in semimetallic polymers

Author:
Rudd, Sam; Franco‐Gonzalez, Juan F.; Kumar Singh, Sandeep; Ullah Khan, Zia; Crispin, Xavier; Andreasen, Jens W.; Zozoulenko, Igor; Evans, Drew
Source:
Journal of polymer science 2018 v.56 no.1 pp. 97-104
ISSN:
0887-6266
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; electronics; methodology; molecular dynamics; polymers;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Owing to changes in their chemistry and structure, polymers can be fabricated to demonstrate vastly different electrical conductivities over many orders of magnitude. At the high end of conductivity is the class of conducting polymers, which are ideal candidates for many applications in low‐cost electronics. Here, we report the influence of the nature of the doping anion at high doping levels with ...
DOI:
10.1002/polb.24530
PubMed:
29242675
PubMed Central:
PMC5725714

11. Method to extract an enhanced cervical vertebrae area from a digital X-ray image

Author:
Martínez-Sandoval, E.; Martínez-Rosas, Miguel E.; Cervantes de Ávila, Humberto; Miranda Velasco, Manuel Moisés; González-Márquez, M.R.
Source:
MethodsX 2018 v.5 pp. 752-760
ISSN:
2215-0161
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; cervical spine; humans; image analysis;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Combination of digital X-ray with image processing techniques has the potential to extract useful information for healthcare professionals (physicians). From all the information that can be extracted from X-ray images, information concerning the human cervical vertebrae is relevant for the medical area. Therefore, in this work we present a simple enhanced region of interest (ROI) selection tool to ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.mex.2018.06.009
PubMed:
30109198
PubMed Central:
PMC6090073

12. An efficient and heterogeneous Pd-containing modified graphene oxide catalyst for preparation of biaryl compounds

Author:
Zarnegaryan, Ali; Elhamifar, Dawood
Source:
Heliyon 2020 v.6 no.4 pp. e03741
ISSN:
2405-8440
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Raman spectroscopy; Suzuki reaction; X-ray diffraction; atomic absorption spectrometry; catalysts; catalytic activity; graphene oxide; phenylboronic acids; thermogravimetry; transmission electron microscopy;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this research, a novel palladium-containing modified-graphene oxide (GO-N₂S₂/Pd) catalyst is designed and synthesized for the Suzuki–Miyaura reaction. The prepared catalyst was characterized by different techniques, such as thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), energy-dispersive X-ray (ED ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03741
PubMed:
32280806
PubMed Central:
PMC7138914

13. Die hard: timberline conifers survive annual winter embolism

Author:
Mayr, Stefan; Schmid, Peter; Beikircher, Barbara; Feng, Feng; Badel, Eric
Source:
Thenew phytologist 2020 v.226 no.1 pp. 13-20
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; Picea abies; climatic factors; conifers; drought; embolism; freeze-thaw cycles; frost; growth rings; hydraulic conductivity; micro-computed tomography; summer; treeline; trees; winter;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... During winter, timberline trees are exposed to drought and frost, factors known to induce embolism. Studies indicated that conifers cope with winter embolism by xylem refilling. We analysed the loss of hydraulic conductivity (LC) in Picea abies branch xylem over 10 years, and correlated winter embolism to climate parameters. LC was investigated by direct X‐ray micro‐computer tomography (micro‐CT) ...
DOI:
10.1111/nph.16304
PubMed:
31677276
PubMed Central:
PMC7065000

14. Analysis of early-flowering genes at barley chromosome 2H expands the repertoire of mutant alleles at the Mat-c locus

Author:
Matyszczak, Izabela; Tominska, Marta; Zakhrabekova, Shakhira; Dockter, Christoph; Hansson, Mats
Source:
Plant cell reports 2020 v.39 no.1 pp. 47-61
ISSN:
0721-7714
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; Antirrhinum majus; Arabidopsis thaliana; alleles; barley; crop yield; early flowering; flowering time; introgression; loci; mutants; mutation; prediction; quantitative trait loci; reproductive success; temporal variation;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... KEY MESSAGE: Analyses of barley mat-c loss of function mutants reveal deletions, splice-site mutations and nonsynonymous substitutions in a key gene regulating early flowering. Optimal timing of flowering is critical for reproductive success and crop yield improvement. Several major quantitative trait loci for flowering time variation have been identified in barley. In the present study, we analyz ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00299-019-02472-4
PubMed:
31541262
PubMed Central:
PMC6960220

15. Tolyporphins L–R: Unusual Tetrapyrroles from a Brasilonema sp. of Cyanobacterium

Author:
Gurr, Joshua R.; Dai, Jingqiu; Philbin, Casey S.; Sartain, Hope T.; O’Donnell, Timothy J.; Yoshida, Wesley Y.; Rheingold, Arnold L.; Williams, Philip G.
Source:
Journal of organic chemistry 2019 v.85 no.2 pp. 318-326
ISSN:
1520-6904
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; Cyanobacteria; constitutional isomers; organic chemistry; organic compounds; oxidation; stereochemistry;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Tolyporphins L–R (2–8) have been isolated from a mixed cyanobacterium-microbial culture. The structures of tolyporphins L and M have been revised to four constitutional isomers, isolated as two mixtures of dioxobacteriochlorins (2/3 and 4/5). In contrast, tolyporphin P (6) is a fully oxidized tetrapyrrole, while tolyporphins Q and R (7 and 8) are oxochlorins. X-ray structures are reported for the ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.joc.9b01928
PubMed:
31815480
PubMed Central:
PMC6980383

16. Structural parameters for X-ray micro-computed tomography (μCT) and their relationship with the breakage rate of maize varieties

Author:
Hou, Junfeng; Zhang, Ying; Jin, Xiuliang; Dong, Pengfei; Guo, Yanan; Wang, Keru; Fan, Yinghu; Li, Shaokun
Source:
Plant methods 2019 v.15 no.1 pp. 161
ISSN:
1746-4811
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; breeding; corn; guidelines; mechanical harvesting; micro-computed tomography; seeds; surface area;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: High grain breakage rate is the main limiting factor encountered in the mechanical harvest of maize grain. X-ray micro-computed tomography (μCT) scanning technology could be used to obtain the three-dimensional structure of maize grain. Currently, the effect of maize grain structure on the grain breakage rate, determined using X-ray μCT scanning technology, has not been reported. There ...
DOI:
10.1186/s13007-019-0538-1
PubMed:
31889985
PubMed Central:
PMC6933881

17. X-ray structures of the post-fusion 6-helix bundle of the human syncytins and their functional implications

Author:
Ruigrok, Katinka; Vaney, Marie-Christine; Buchrieser, Julian; Baquero, Eduard; Hellert, Jan; Baron, Bruno; England, Patrick; Schwartz, Olivier; Rey, Felix A.; Backovic, Marija
Source:
Journal of molecular biology 2019
ISSN:
0022-2836
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; Filoviridae; Gammaretrovirus; Human immunodeficiency virus; blood; crystallization; glycoproteins; humans; mutants; pregnancy;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... The retroviral-envelope-derived proteins syncytin-1 and -2 (syn1 and syn2) drive placentation in humans by forming a syncytiotophoblast - a structure allowing for an exchange interface between maternal and fetal blood during pregnancy. Despite their essential role, little is known about the molecular mechanism underlying the syncytins’ function. We report here the X-ray structures of the syn1 and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jmb.2019.10.020
PubMed:
31711961
PubMed Central:
PMC7094397

18. Evaluation of the Effects of Undenatured Type II Collagen (UC-II) as Compared to Robenacoxib on the Mobility Impairment Induced by Osteoarthritis in Dogs

Author:
Stabile, Marzia; Samarelli, Rossella; Trerotoli, Paolo; Fracassi, Laura; Lacitignola, Luca; Crovace, Antonio; Staffieri, Francesco
Source:
Veterinary sciences 2019 v.6 no.3
ISSN:
2306-7381
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; chronic diseases; collagen; dog diseases; dogs; orthopedics; osteoarthritis; prospective studies; therapeutics;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic disease that requires a multimodal therapeutic approach. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of undenatured type II collagen (UC-II) as compared to robenacoxib in dogs affected by OA. Our hypothesis was that the two compounds would be similar (non-inferiority) in improving mobility. To test this hypothesis, a complete orthopedic examination, x-ray and ...
DOI:
10.3390/vetsci6030072
PubMed:
31487772
PubMed Central:
PMC6789547

19. Effect of extrapallial protein of Mytilus californianus on the process of in vitro biomineralization of chitosan scaffolds

Author:
Jaramillo-Martínez, S.; Vargas-Requena, C.; Rodríguez-Gónzalez, C.; Hernández-Santoyo, A.; Olivas-Armendáriz, I.
Source:
Heliyon 2019 v.5 no.8 pp. e02252
ISSN:
2405-8440
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Mytilus californianus; apatite; biomineralization; chitosan;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Biomineralization is the process by which diverse organisms have the capacity to create heterogeneous accumulations, derived from organic and inorganic compounds that induce the process of mineral formation. An example of this can be seen an extrapallial protein (EP) of Mytilus californianus, which is responsible for carrying out the biomineralization process. In order to determine their ability t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02252
PubMed:
31497665
PubMed Central:
PMC6722255

20. Comparison of bone lead measured via portable x-ray fluorescence across and within bones

Author:
Specht, Aaron J.; Dickerson, Aisha S.; Weisskopf, Marc G.
Source:
Environmental research 2019 v.172 pp. 273-278
ISSN:
0013-9351
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy; bone types; energy; fluorescence; lead;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Bone lead measured via x-ray fluorescence (XRF) has been used for decades in health studies. A portable XRF device for bone lead measurement is gaining in popularity for its ease of use and shorter measurement times. Previous XRF devices have measured different bone types in order to sample both cortical and trabecular bone, in which lead has different half residence times.The portable XRF uses lo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envres.2019.02.031
PubMed:
30822560
PubMed Central:
PMC6511307