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61. Contribution of PM2.5-Pb in atmospheric fallout to Pb accumulation in Chinese cabbage leaves via stomata

Author:
Gao, Pei-Pei; Xue, Pei-Ying; Dong, Jun-Wen; Zhang, Xiao-Meng; Sun, Hong-Xin; Geng, Li-Ping; Luo, Shuang-Xia; Zhao, Jian-Jun; Liu, Wen-Ju
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2021 v.407 pp. 124356
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; Brassica rapa; Chinese cabbage; cabbage; field experimentation; foliar uptake; particulates; soil; surface area; China;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Foliar uptake of Pb is especially important when Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa spp. pekinensis), having a large leaf surface area, is cultivated in North China during seasons with heavy haze. However, the mechanisms of foliar Pb uptake via stomata by Chinese cabbage exposed to atmospheric fallout are unclear. A field experiment was conducted to explore the impacts of Pb in particulate matter with ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124356

62. Steep sulfur gradient in CZTSSe solar cells by H₂S-assisted rapid surface sulfurization

Author:
Taskesen, Teoman; Pareek, Devendra; Hauschild, Dirk; Haertel, Alan; Weinhardt, Lothar; Yang, Wanli; Pfeiffelmann, Timo; Nowak, David; Heske, Clemens; Gütay, Levent
Source:
RSC advances 2021 v.11 no.21 pp. 12687-12695
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; Raman spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; selenides; selenium; sulfur;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Sulfur/selenium grading is a widely used optimization strategy in kesterite thin-film solar cells to obtain a bandgap-graded absorber material and to optimize optical and electrical properties of the solar-cell device. In this work, we present a novel approach to introduce a [S]/([S] + [Se]) grading for Cu₂ZnSn(S,Se)₄ solar cells. In contrast to commonly used methods with slow process dynamics, th ...
DOI:
10.1039/d1ra00494h

63. Impact of gamma-ray irradiation on the electronic structures of PCBM and P3HT organic semiconductor films

Author:
Park, Sohyun; Choi, Seungsun; Lee, Hyunchan; Lee, Jiyeon; Woo, Yunseo; Jung, Yu-Jin; Jung, Young Mee; Jeong, Junkyeong; Park, Jeehong; Yi, Yeonjin; Park, Soohyung; Lee, Hyunbok
Source:
Polymer degradation and stability 2021 v.186 pp. 109518
ISSN:
0141-3910
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; cesium radioisotopes; degradation; density functional theory; dosimetry; ionization; irradiation; oxidation; oxygen; polymers; semiconductors;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Gamma-ray irradiation alters the material properties of organic semiconductors, especially the electronic structure. These changes due to ionization can be useful in dosimetry. Although there are some device-based reports, the effect of gamma-ray irradiation on the electronic structure of organic semiconductors is still unclear. In this study, we investigated the electronic structures of represent ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2021.109518

64. Where are those lipid nano rings?

Author:
Endter, Laura Josefine; Risselada, Herre Jelger
Source:
Journal of colloid and interface science 2021 v.587 pp. 789-796
ISSN:
0021-9797
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; DNA; Gibbs free energy; composite polymers; drugs; genes; heat; lipids; micelles; molecular dynamics; surfactants;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Highly curved toroidal micelles with diameters as small as 100 nm have been successfully constructed by self-assembly of amphiphilic block copolymers. These structures may have potential applications in gene or drug delivery. Experimental observations suggest that toroidal micelles likely originate from spherical or disc-like micelles which are tricked into forming toroidal micelles upon external ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcis.2020.11.038

65. Intersurfactant H-bonds between head groups of n-dodecyl-β-d-maltoside at the air-water interface

Author:
Kanduč, Matej; Schneck, Emanuel; Stubenrauch, Cosima
Source:
Journal of colloid and interface science 2021 v.586 pp. 588-595
ISSN:
0021-9797
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; foams; hydrogen; liquid-air interface; micelles; molecular dynamics; sugars; surfactants;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... In previous studies we looked at the foam stability of various surfactants with C₁₂ alkyl chains but different head groups and found that stable foams are only generated if the head groups are capable of forming hydrogen bonds with each other. Despite the consistency of the experimental data with the conclusions drawn from it we had no direct proof for our hypothesis that H-bonds are formed betwee ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcis.2020.10.125

66. One-step synthesis of functional metal organic framework composite for the highly efficient adsorption of tylosin from water

Author:
Cheng, Guohao; Yang, Can; Wang, Xiaoyue; Zhao, Juan; Yang, Zhenguo; Yu, Wenna; Wang, Peiyun; Li, Xiang; Zhu, Guifen
Source:
Journal of colloid and interface science 2021 v.586 pp. 269-278
ISSN:
0021-9797
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; adsorbents; adsorption; coordination polymers; electrostatic interactions; hydrogen bonding; microstructure; models; polymerization; thermodynamics; tylosin;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Functional metal organic framework composite can effectively remove antibiotics from environmental water samples. However, designing excellent adsorbents with multiple active sites via a rapid one-step method is still a challenging problem. A novel metal organic framework composite (UiO-66-NH₂-AMPS) was synthesized through one-step polymerization by adding functional monomer 2-acrylamide-2-methylp ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcis.2020.10.090

67. Reduction of iron (hydr)oxide-bound arsenate: Evidence from high depth resolution sampling of a reducing aquifer in Yinchuan Plain, China

Author:
Sun, Yuqin; Sun, Jing; Nghiem, Athena A.; Bostick, Benjamin C.; Ellis, Tyler; Han, Long; Li, Zengyi; Liu, Songlin; Han, Shuangbao; Zhang, Miao; Xia, Yu; Zheng, Yan
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2021 v.406 pp. 124615
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; X-ray absorption spectroscopy; absorption; aquifers; arsenates; groundwater; iron; nitrates; oxidation; sediments; China;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Sediment in fluvial-deltaic plains with high-As groundwater is heterogenous but its characterization of As and Fe oxidation states lacks resolution, and is rarely attempted for aqueous and solid phases simultaneously. Here, we pair high-resolution (> 1 sample/meter) Fe extended fine-structure spectroscopy (EXAFS, n = 40) and As X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES, n = 49) with groundwat ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124615

68. Restoration of a XVII Century’s predella reliquary: From Physico-Chemical Characterization to the Conservation Process

Author:
Bettina, Giuseppina Fiore; Giambra, Belinda; Cavallaro, Giuseppe; Lazzara, Giuseppe; Megna, Bartolomeo; Fakhrullin, Ramil; Akhatova, Farida; Fakhrullin, Rawil
Source:
Forests 2021 v.12 no.3
ISSN:
1999-4907
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; biopolymers; electron microscopy; halloysite; light microscopy; nanocomposites; nanotubes; physicochemical properties; protocols; wood; Italy; Sicily;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... We report on the restoration of a XVII century’s predella reliquary, which is a part of a larger setup that includes a wall reliquary and a wooden crucified Christ, both belonging to the church of “Madre Maria SS. Assunta”, in Polizzi Generosa, Sicily, Italy. The historical/artistic and paleographic research was flanked successfully by the scientific objective characterization of the materials. Th ...
DOI:
10.3390/f12030345

69. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Transverse Surface Relaxivity in Quartzitic Sands Containing Gas Hydrate

Author:
Liu, Lele; Zhang, Zhun; Liu, Changling; Wu, Nengyou; Ning, Fulong; Zhang, Yongchao; Meng, Qingguo; Li, Chengfeng
Source:
Energy & fuels 2021 v.35 no.7 pp. 6144-6152
ISSN:
1520-5029
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; dissociation; energy; gas hydrate; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; permeability; porosity; xenon;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... The proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique is becoming increasingly popular in various assessments of physical properties in hydrate-bearing sediments, and NMR transverse relaxation time T₂ spectra are normally converted into pore size distributions by using the NMR transverse surface relaxivity ρ₂. However, how the NMR ρ₂ value evolves during hydrate dissociation or formation remains e ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c00225

70. Ancillary ligand modulated stereoselective self-assembly of triple-stranded Eu(iii) helicate featuring circularly polarized luminescence

Author:
Yao, Zhiwei; Zhou, Yanyan; Gao, Ting; Yan, Pengfei; Li, Hongfeng
Source:
RSC advances 2021 v.11 no.18 pp. 10524-10531
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; biphenyl; crystal structure; enantiomers; europium; ligands; luminescence; optical isomerism; stereoselectivity; sulfides;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Creating optically pure metal assemblies is a hot research topic in the realms of chiral supramolecules. Here, three new triple-stranded europium(iii) helicates Eu₂L₃(L′)₂ [L = 4,4′-bis(4,4,4-trifluoro-1,3-dioxobutyl)diphenyl sulphide; L′ = 1,10-phenanthroline (Phen) or R/S-2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphinyl)-1,1′-binaphthyl (R/S-BINAPO)] were synthesized in order to investigate the effects of ancillary ...
DOI:
10.1039/d1ra01583d

71. Application of iron-biochar composite in topsoil for simultaneous remediation of chromium-contaminated soil and groundwater: Immobilization mechanism and long-term stability

Author:
Chen, Xiang; Dai, Yihan; Fan, Jin; Xu, Xiaoyun; Cao, Xinde
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2021 v.405 pp. 124226
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; computer software; groundwater; groundwater contamination; polluted soils; rain; remediation; soil profiles; spectroscopy; topsoil; toxicity;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... This study was aimed to prove the effectiveness and practicability of an integrated technology for simultaneous remediation of Cr-contaminated soil and groundwater. The remediation system was built by pumping Cr-contaminated groundwater into top contaminated soil round after round, enabling the pre-applied iron-biochar composite (Fe-BC) in topsoil to stabilize Cr from both groundwater and soil. Im ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124226

72. Elemental Distribution in Animal Carpal and Tarsal Bones Using Differences in X-ray Fluorescence Energy

Author:
Pitakarnnop, Tanita; Buddhachat, Kittisak; Pakdeenarong, Pongpitsanu; Nganvongpanit, Korakot
Source:
Biological trace element research 2021 v.199 no.3 pp. 874-887
ISSN:
0163-4984
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; data collection; discriminant analysis; elemental composition; fluorescence; prediction; research; species identification; trace elements;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Little is known as to whether different operating voltages of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) can affect the accuracy rate for species identification. Here, we have addressed this question by comparing the rate of correct species identification using the elemental composition of either the carpal or tarsal bone obtained from a determination of the different energy values of XRF at 15 and 50 kV using ener ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12011-020-02210-y

73. Filtration of kaolinite and coal mixture suspension: Settling behavior and filter cake structure analysis

Author:
Li, Yijiang; Chen, Yuting; Xia, Wencheng; Xie, Guangyuan
Source:
Powder technology 2021 v.381 pp. 122-128
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; behavior; cakes; cleaning; coal; filter cake; filtration; kaolinite; mining; particles; slurries; technology; water;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... The filtration of kaolinite-coal mixture suspension was investigated by settling behavior observation and filter cake structure analysis. Three-dimensional X-ray microanalysis was used to analyze filter cake structure. The settling rate and specific filter cake resistance of kaolinite-coal mixture gradually increased with the increasing content of kaolinite in suspension. A high settling rate made ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2020.12.050

74. In-situ 3D visualization of compression process for powder beds by synchrotron-radiation X-ray computed laminography

Author:
Yokota, Maria; Kusano, Takumi; Mori, Mikiya; Okuda, Katsuharu; Matsunaga, Takuro
Source:
Powder technology 2021 v.380 pp. 265-272
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; absorbance; area; materials; models; particle size; particles; pressure; silica; technology; thickness;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this work, we developed an original press cell for the synchrotron-radiation computed laminography technique for in-situ observation of the internal structure of powder materials. The press cell was designed such that the distance between the sample and the detector is less than 20 mm and was made from materials with low X-ray absorption coefficients in order to obtain clear reconstructed image ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2020.11.019

75. Using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry to estimate commercial cut weights at abattoir chain-speed

Author:
Gardner, G.E.; Anderson, F.; Smith, C.; Williams, A.
Source:
Meat science 2021 v.173 pp. 108400
ISSN:
0309-1740
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; carcass weight; computed tomography; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; energy; ovine carcasses; slaughterhouses;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... This experiment assessed the ability of an on-line dual energy x-ray absorptiometer (DEXA) installed at a commercial abattoir to determine commercial cut weights in lamb carcases at abattoir chain-speed. 200 lamb carcases were scanned using a DEXA that was trained to predict the computed tomography determined proportions of fat, lean, and bone. Models were then trained using hot carcase weight and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108400

76. Electrochemical Oxidation Enables Regioselective and Scalable α-C(sp³)-H Acyloxylation of Sulfides

Author:
Wang, Huamin; He, Meng; Li, Yongli; Zhang, Heng; Yang, Dali; Nagasaka, Masanari; Lv, Zongchao; Guan, Zhipeng; Cao, Yangmin; Gong, Fengping; Zhou, Zhilin; Zhu, Jingyun; Samanta, Supravat; Chowdhury, Abhishek Dutta; Lei, Aiwen
Source:
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2021 v.143 no.9 pp. 3628-3637
ISSN:
1520-5126
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; Lewis bases; absorption; cross-coupling reactions; electrochemistry; oxidation; regioselectivity; synergism;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... A highly selective, environmentally friendly, and scalable electrochemical protocol for the construction of α-acyloxy sulfides, through the synergistic effect of self-assembly-induced C(sp³)–H/O–H cross-coupling, is reported. It features exceptionally broad substrate scope, high regioselectivity, gram-scale synthesis, construction of complex molecules, and applicability to a variety of nucleophile ...
DOI:
10.1021/jacs.1c00288

77. Structural Characterization of the [CuOR]²⁺ Core

Author:
Krishnan, V. Mahesh; Shopov, Dimitar Y.; Bouchey, Caitlin J.; Bailey, Wilson D.; Parveen, Riffat; Vlaisavljevich, Bess; Tolman, William B.
Source:
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2021 v.143 no.9 pp. 3295-3299
ISSN:
1520-5126
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; X-ray diffraction; ligands; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; phenol;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Formal Cu(III) complexes bearing an oxygen-based auxiliary ligand ([CuOR]²⁺, R = H or CH₂CF₃) were stabilized by modulating the donor character of supporting ligand LY (LY = 4-Y, N,N′-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-2,6-pyridinedicarboxamide, Y = H or OMe) and/or the basicity of the auxiliary ligand, enabling the first characterization of these typically highly reactive cores by NMR spectroscopy and X- ...
DOI:
10.1021/jacs.0c13470

78. Exploring the Mesoscopic Morphology in Mussel Adhesive Proteins by Soft X-ray Spectromicroscopy

Author:
Higaki, Yuji; Kamitani, Kazutaka; Ohigashi, Takuji; Hayakawa, Teruaki; Takahara, Atsushi
Source:
Biomacromolecules 2021 v.22 no.3 pp. 1256-1260
ISSN:
1526-4602
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; X-ray absorption spectroscopy; adhesion; chemical analysis; chemical speciation; dihydroxyphenylalanine; mussels; protein secretion; tyrosine;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Marine mussels efficiently adhere under wet conditions by precisely controlling the hierarchical structure of the adhesive plaque through sequential mussel foot protein secretion in the foot-tip cavity. Chemical analysis of the non-uniform mussel plaque morphology has been performed using spectromicroscopy; however, the mesoscopic morphology has not been elucidated yet because of the limited spati ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01746

79. Influence of Pore Structure on Gas Flow and Recovery in Ultradeep Carbonate Gas Reservoirs at Multiple Scales

Author:
Chen, Jianxun; Yang, Shenglai; Mei, Qingyan; Chen, Jingyuan; Chen, Hao; Zou, Cheng; Li, Jiajun; Yang, Shan
Source:
Energy & fuels 2021 v.35 no.5 pp. 3951-3971
ISSN:
1520-5029
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; basins; carbonates; clean energy; energy; flow resistance; permeability; China;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Ultradeep carbonate gas reservoirs are a major resource of interest in clean energy development, and complex pore structures and reservoir conditions with high-temperatures and pressures are great challenges to efficient development and experimental research. It is becoming increasingly imperative to study the influence of pore structure on gas flow and productivity under reservoir conditions. Tak ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c04178

80. Efficient iron recovery from iron tailings using advanced suspension reduction technology: A study of reaction kinetics, phase transformation, and structure evolution

Author:
Yuan, Shuai; Zhang, Qi; Yin, Heng; Li, Yanjun
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2021 v.404 pp. 124067
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; activation energy; equations; evolution; hematite; magnetite; models; phase transition; reaction kinetics; surface area;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Recycling iron tailings is significant for environmental security and resource recovery, as they contain iron-rich minerals. Given the complex composition of iron minerals and the low grade of iron present in the tailings, innovative suspension roasting-magnetic separation (SRMS) technology was proposed to treat iron tailings that would separate out the iron minerals for recovery. In this study, t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124067