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81. Hydroxyl groups on cellulose nanocrystal surfaces form nucleation points for silver nanoparticles of varying shapes and sizes

Author:
Musino, Dafne; Rivard, Camille; Landrot, Gautier; Novales, Bruno; Rabilloud, Thierry; Capron, Isabelle
Source:
Journal of colloid and interface science 2021 v.584 pp. 360-371
ISSN:
0021-9797
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; X-ray absorption spectroscopy; absorption; cellulose; chemical reduction; hydrophobicity; nanocrystals; nanosilver;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this study, we investigate the interactions between the cellulose surface and Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) for the purpose of manufacturing hybrid nanomaterials using bacterial cellulose nanocrystals (BCNs) as a model substrate. We focus on the role of the BCN surface chemistry on the AgNP nucleation obtained by chemical reduction of Ag⁺ ions. Homogeneous hybrid suspensions of BCN/AgNP are produced ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcis.2020.09.082

82. Microscopic mechanism about the selective adsorption of Cr(VI) from salt solution on O-rich and N-rich biochars

Author:
Zhao, Nan; Zhao, Chuanfang; Tsang, Daniel C.W.; Liu, Kunyuan; Zhu, Ling; Zhang, Weihua; Zhang, Jing; Tang, Yetao; Qiu, Rongliang
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2021 v.404 pp. 124162
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; adsorption; biochar; density functional theory; molecular dynamics; pyrolysis gas chromatography;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The adsorption of Cr(VI) on biochars can be suppressed by coexisting anions, but the roles of O-containing functional groups and in particular N-containing functional groups are unclear. In this study, we combined spectroscopic and molecular simulation approaches to investigate the selective adsorption of Cr(VI) on the O-rich (PB, UB1) and N-rich (UB3, UB5) biochars under strong competition of ani ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124162

83. Nanoparticle O–H Bond Dissociation Free Energies from Equilibrium Measurements of Cerium Oxide Colloids

Author:
Agarwal, Rishi G.; Kim, Hyun-Jo; Mayer, James M.
Source:
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2021 v.143 no.7 pp. 2896-2907
ISSN:
1520-5126
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; ; Gibbs free energy; absorption; catalysts; catalytic activity; ceric oxide; dissociation; electron transfer; hydrogen; nanoceria;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... A novel equilibrium strategy for measuring the hydrogen atom affinity of colloidal metal oxide nanoparticles is presented. Reactions between oleate-capped cerium oxide nanoparticle colloids (nanoceria) and organic proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) reagents are used as a model system. Nanoceria redox changes, or hydrogen loadings, and overall reaction stoichiometries were followed by both ¹H ...
DOI:
10.1021/jacs.0c12799

84. Influence of oxygen and water content on the formation of polychlorinated organic by-products from catalytic degradation of 1,2-dichlorobenzene over a Pd/ZSM-5 catalyst

Author:
Li, Na; Xing, Xin; Cheng, Jie; Zhang, Zhongshen; Hao, Zhengping
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2021 v.403 pp. 123952
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; DCB (herbicide); catalysts; catalytic activity; chlorination; chlorobenzene; oxidants; oxidation; oxygen; palladium; water content;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Understanding the generation and influence mechanism of polychlorinated organic by-products during the catalytic degradation of chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) is essential to the safe and environmentally friendly treatment of those pollutants. In this study, a systematic investigation of the catalytic oxidation of 1,2-dichlorobenzene (1,2-DCB) was conducted using various oxygen and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123952

85. Incident-angle dependent operando XAS cell design: investigation of the electrochemical cells under operating conditions at various incidence angles

Author:
Gunduz, Seval; Deka, Dhruba J.; Kim, Jaesung; Wilson, Michael; Warren, Mark; Ozkan, Umit S.
Source:
RSC advances 2021 v.11 no.12 pp. 6456-6463
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; X-ray absorption spectroscopy; ammonia; angle of incidence; cathodes; electrochemistry; electrolysis; head; oxidation;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... An operando characterization of electrode materials under electrochemical reaction conditions is important for their further development. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) presents a unique opportunity in this regard as the absence of a vacuum chamber in this technique makes it possible to collect spectroscopy data using user-designed operando cells. In the current study, the design and performa ...
DOI:
10.1039/d0ra09579f

86. Spatial heterogeneity of biochar (segregation) in biochar-amended media: An overlooked phenomenon, and its impact on saturated hydraulic conductivity

Author:
Nakhli, Seyyed Ali Akbar; Goy, Sydney; Manahiloh, Kalehiwot Nega; Imhoff, Paul Thomas
Source:
Journal of environmental management 2021 v.279 pp. 111588
ISSN:
0301-4797
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; adhesion; biochar; environmental management; particle size; saturated hydraulic conductivity; soil amendments; spatial variation;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... While the use of biochar as a soil amendment is gaining popularity for environmental and agricultural purposes, spatial heterogeneity of biochar (segregation) in biochar-amended media and its underlying causes have been overlooked. In this study, for the first time particle segregation in biochar-amended media and its impact on the media's saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) were investigated. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111588

87. An integrated rice panicle phenotyping method based on X-ray and RGB scanning and deep learning

Author:
Yu, Lejun; Shi, Jiawei; Huang, Chenglong; Duan, Lingfeng; Wu, Di; Fu, Debao; Wu, Changyin; Xiong, Lizhong; Yang, Wanneng; Liu, Qian
Source:
The crop journal 2021 v.9 no.1 pp. 42-56
ISSN:
2214-5141
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; Oryza sativa; grain quality; hulling; image analysis; panicles; phenotype; plant breeding; rice; spikelets;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Rice panicle phenotyping is required in rice breeding for high yield and grain quality. To fully evaluate spikelet and kernel traits without threshing and hulling, using X-ray and RGB scanning, we developed an integrated rice panicle phenotyping system and a corresponding image analysis pipeline. We compared five methods of counting spikelets and found that Faster R-CNN achieved high accuracy (R² ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cj.2020.06.009

88. DEM simulations of cemented sands with a statistical representation of micro-bond parameters

Author:
Wu, Mengmeng; Huang, Rui; Wang, Jianfeng
Source:
Powder technology 2021 v.379 pp. 96-107
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; Weibull statistics; deformation; mechanical properties; models; research; shape; technology;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... The heterogeneity of cemented sands influences its mechanical behavior, and the investigation of heterogeneity properties is a crucial part of the micro-mechanical analysis. This study combined the discrete element method (DEM) model with the Weibull statistics to analyze the effect of heterogeneity on the mechanical properties of cemented sands from macroscopic and particle levels. First, to cons ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2020.10.047

89. Formation pathways of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans from burning simulated PVC-coated cable wires

Author:
Zhang, Mengmei; Fujimori, Takashi; Shiota, Kenji; Li, Xiaodong; Takaoka, Masaki
Source:
Chemosphere 2021 v.264 pp. 128542
ISSN:
0045-6535
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; absorption; aromatization; carbon; chlorination; copper; crosslinking; dibenzofuran; isomers; polychlorinated dibenzodioxins; polyenes; temperature; thermogravimetry;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Open burning of PVC-coated cables is a major source of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/F). In the present study, the formation characteristics of PCDD/F from burning of PVC-based samples with and without metallic copper were evaluated over the dioxin formation temperature window (200–500 °C). This temperature range also inevitably occurs under open burning conditions. The ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128542

90. Monte Carlo simulation for quantitative determination of fat content in dairy products

Author:
Elsharkawy, Wafaa B.
Source:
Journal of food measurement & characterization 2021 v.15 no.1 pp. 976-982
ISSN:
2193-4126
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; Monte Carlo method; dairy products; lipid content; measurement; momentum; quantitative analysis; water content;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... A modified method for the quantitative estimation of fat content in some dairy products from their X-ray scattering profiles is introduced in this manuscript. Measured X-ray scattering profile of each dairy product was compared to Monte Carlo simulated profiles in order to deduce the fat percentage in each dairy product. Two distinguishable characteristic peaks were observed in each profile. The f ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11694-020-00695-8

91. Optimization of extrusion process parameter in manufacture of ilmenite TiO2 reinforced pencil lead

Author:
Nwigbo, Solomon.C.; Okolie, Paul.C.; Dara, Jude. E.; Atuanya, Clement.U.
Source:
Heliyon 2021 v.7 no.2 pp. e05946
ISSN:
2405-8440
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; clay; extrusion; fluorescence; graphene; manufacturing; rams; response surface methodology; titanium dioxide; water content;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... The production of pencil lead with the inclusion of ilmenite for strength improvement and product wear control especially during production was investigated. A Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on three numeric factors and two center points thus generating sixteen runs was used as tool for the optimization of production process parameters. The major raw materials which are graphite clay and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e05946

92. Recent advances on TMDCs for medical diagnosis

Author:
Meng, Si; Zhang, Yuyan; Wang, Huide; Wang, Lude; Kong, Tiantian; Zhang, Han; Meng, S.
Source:
Biomaterials 2021 v.269 pp. 120471
ISSN:
0142-9612
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; DNA; biocompatibility; biocompatible materials; bioimaging; enzymes; fluorescence; magnetism; surface area;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), such as MoS₂ and WS₂, have attracted much attention in biosensing and bioimaging due to its excellent stability, biocompatibility, high specific surface area, and wide varieties. In this review, we overviewed the application of TMDCs in biosensing and bioimaging. Firstly, the synthesis methods and surface functionalization methods of TMDCs were summarized. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120471

93. A dual colorimetric probe for rapid environmental monitoring of Hg²⁺ and As³⁺ using gold nanoparticles functionalized with d-penicillamine

Author:
Yoon, Su-Jin; Nam, Yun-Sik; Lee, Yeonhee; Oh, In Hwan; Lee, Kang-Bong
Source:
RSC advances 2021 v.11 no.10 pp. 5456-5465
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; ; absorbance; color; colorimetry; nanogold; nitrogen; oxygen; pH; photometry; river water; wastes; wines;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... A highly sensitive and selective colorimetric assay for the dual detection of Hg²⁺ and As³⁺ using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) conjugated with d-penicillamine (DPL) was developed. When Hg²⁺ and As³⁺ ions coordinate with AuNP-bound DPLs, the interparticle distance decreases, inducing aggregation; this results in a significant color change from wine red to dark midnight blue. The Hg4f and As3d signals ...
DOI:
10.1039/d0ra08525a

94. Micro-Fabric Analyzer (MFA): A New Semiautomated ArcGIS-Based Edge Detector for Quantitative Microstructural Analysis of Rock Thin-Sections

Author:
Visalli, Roberto; Ortolano, Gaetano; Godard, Gaston; Cirrincione, Rosolino
Source:
ISPRS international journal of geo-information 2021 v.10 no.2
ISSN:
2220-9964
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; X-ray diffraction; fabrics; metamorphic rocks; sandstone; spatial data;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Micro-Fabric Analyzer (MFA) is a new GIS-based tool for the quantitative extrapolation of rock microstructural features that takes advantage both of the characteristics of the X-ray images and the optical image features. Most of the previously developed edge mineral grain detectors are uniquely based on the physical properties of the X-ray-, electron-, or optical-derived images; not permitting the ...
DOI:
10.3390/ijgi10020051

95. Demonstration of Energy-Resolved γ-Ray Detection at Room Temperature by the CsPbCl₃ Perovskite Semiconductor

Author:
He, Yihui; Stoumpos, Constantinos C.; Hadar, Ido; Luo, Zhongzhen; McCall, Kyle M.; Liu, Zhifu; Chung, Duck Young; Wessels, Bruce W.; Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.
Source:
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2021 v.143 no.4 pp. 2068-2077
ISSN:
1520-5126
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; air; ambient temperature; electrical resistance; energy; semiconductors; spectroscopy; thermal conductivity;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... The detection of γ-rays at room temperature with high-energy resolution using semiconductors is one of the most challenging applications. The presence of even the smallest amount of defects is sufficient to kill the signal generated from γ-rays which makes the availability of semiconductors detectors a rarity. Lead halide perovskite semiconductors exhibit unusually high defect tolerance leading to ...
DOI:
10.1021/jacs.0c12254

96. Experimental Study of the Pore Structure during Coal and Biomass Ash Sintering Based on X-ray CT Technology

Author:
Wang, Zhaowen; Zhou, Hao; Li, Yuan; Zhang, Pingan; Mao, Rui; Ren, Liming; Luo, Jiawei
Source:
Energy & fuels 2021 v.35 no.3 pp. 2098-2109
ISSN:
1520-5029
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; X-ray diffraction; anhydrite; ash (inorganic matter); biomass; coal; condensates; energy; gasification; porosity; volatilization;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... This paper explores the evolution of pore structure parameters during Zhundong coal and biomass ash sintering at 1473 K. Additionally, the influences of blending biomass ash with different proportions are determined. The pore parameters, including the porosity, diameter, number, and frequency of the equivalent diameter, were processed by reconstructing and processing three-dimensional (3D) data on ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c03668

97. Guest-Binding-Induced Interhetero Hosts Charge Transfer Crystallization: Selective Coloration of Commonly Used Organic Solvents

Author:
Mi, Yan; Ma, Jingyu; Liang, Wenting; Xiao, Chao; Wu, Wanhua; Zhou, Dayang; Yao, Jiabin; Sun, Wenjia; Sun, Junliang; Gao, Guowei; Chen, Xiaochuan; Chruma, Jason J.; Yang, Cheng
Source:
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2021 v.143 no.3 pp. 1553-1561
ISSN:
1520-5126
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; X-ray diffraction; absorption; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzoquinones; color; crystallization; electron microscopy; solvents;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Unprecedented interheteromacrocyclic hosts charge transfer (CT) crystals were generated by cooling organic solutions containing p-dimethoxybenzene-constituted pillar[5]arene (P5A) and p-benzoquinone-constituted pillar[5]quinone (P5Q). Despite the weak CT interaction known between p-dimethoxybenzene and p-benzoquinone and the lack of formation of CT complexes between P5A and P5Q in the solution pha ...
DOI:
10.1021/jacs.0c11833

98. Diastereoselective synthesis of new Thiazolyl-Indazole derivatives from R-carvone: A combined experimental and theoretical study

Author:
N’Ait Ousidi, A.; Itto, M.Y. Ait; Auhmani, A.; Loubidi, M.; Riahi, A.; Daran, J.-C.; Esseffar, M.; Parish, Carol A.
Source:
Tetrahedron 2021 v.78 pp. 131830
ISSN:
0040-4020
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; aromatic compounds; diastereomers; diastereoselective synthesis; dimerization; hydrogen bonding; oxidation; polymerization; spectral analysis; thiazoles; yields;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... The reaction of (R)-carvone and (R)-pulegone thiosemicarbazones with phenacyl bromide yields two new thiazoles: (R)-2-(2-(5-isopropyl-2-methylcyclohex-2-enylidene) hydrazinyl)-4-phenylthiazole, I and (3aR,6R)-3,3,6-trimethyl-2-(4-phenylthiazol-2-yl)-3,3a,4,5,6,7-hexahydro-2H-indazol-3a-ol, II, respectively. While HRMS and NMR spectroscopic data confirm the expected structure of I, they show that t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tet.2020.131830

99. Bottom-up Construction of Xylan Nanocrystals in Dimethyl Sulfoxide

Author:
Meng, Zhuojun; Sawada, Daisuke; Laine, Christiane; Ogawa, Yu; Virtanen, Tommi; Nishiyama, Yoshiharu; Tammelin, Tekla; Kontturi, Eero
Source:
Biomacromolecules 2021 v.22 no.2 pp. 898-906
ISSN:
1526-4602
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; anisotropy; biomass; crystal structure; crystallization; dimethyl sulfoxide; nanocrystals; temperature; xylan; xylose;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... A new type of polysaccharide (hemicellulose) nanocrystal, bearing the shape of an anisotropic nanoflake, emerged from a dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) dispersion of wood-based xylan through heat-induced crystallization. The dimensions of these xylan nanocrystals were controlled by the crystallization conditions. Sharp signals in solid-state NMR indicated a well-ordered crystal structure. The unit cell ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01600

100. Full-Sample X-ray Microcomputed Tomography Analysis of Supercritical CO₂ Fracturing in Tight Sandstone: Effect of Stress on Fracture Dynamics

Author:
Yang, Bing; Wang, Haizhu; Shen, Zhonghou; Olorode, Olufemi; Wang, Bin; Zheng, Yong; Yan, Wanjuan; Jia, Zhaoyang
Source:
Energy & fuels 2021 v.35 no.2 pp. 1308-1321
ISSN:
1520-5029
Subject:
X-radiation,   etc   ; carbon dioxide; clay; energy; geometry; groundwater; liquids; micro-computed tomography; oils; sandstone; tensile strength;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... The commercial production from tight oil and gas reservoirs has been facilitated by the multistage hydraulic fracturing of horizontal wells. This process typically requires the pumping of large amounts of slick water into the subsurface, and this could be challenging in areas with a limited supply of water. Despite the commercial success of hydraulic fracturing with water, it still faces the probl ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c03554