An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
... Bioenergy cropping systems afford the prospect to provide a more socially and ecologically sustainable bioeconomy. By creating opportunities to diversify agroecosystems, bioenergy crops can be used to fulfill multiple functions in addition to providing more environmentally benign fuels. Bioenergy crops can be assembled into cropping systems that provide both food and energy and which also provide ...
... This commentary is a response to a systematic review, recently published in Vaccine, which investigates the effectiveness of educational interventions in increasing uptake of the human papillomavirus vaccine. The systematic review by Fu et al. (2014) enhances the field's understanding of human papillomavirus vaccine interventions; however, their review contains a number of conceptual and methodolo ...
... Halting biodiversity decline is one of the most critical challenges for humanity, but monitoring biodiversity is hampered by taxonomic impediments. One impediment is the large number of undescribed species (here called “dark taxon impediment”) whereas another is caused by the large number of superficial species descriptions, that can only be resolved by consulting type specimens (“superficial desc ...
aluminum; benzene; chemical bonding; hydrides; sulfur; thiols
Abstract:
... The synthesis of aluminum hydrides derivatives containing Al-S bond, obtained reacting a thiol with AlH₃ and its derivatives, are reported.According to the poor electron donor properties of sulphur in thiols, such alanes are complexed with trimethyl-amine and sometimes they are associated through hydrogen bridges in benzene solution. ...
... The bibliometric analysis presented by Qin et al. provides useful evidence regarding debates into whether there are meaningful distinctions between “environmental sociology” and “natural resource sociology.” This commentary focuses on selected aspects of their findings, and offers thoughts about the implications of distinctions between and apparently increased divergence of these sub-fields. ...
... In response to Albrecht et al.’s (J Agric Environ Ethics 26(4):827–845, 2013) discussion on the ethics of assisted migration, we emphasize the issues of risk and scientific uncertainty as an inextricable part of a comprehensive ethical evaluation. Insisting on a separation of risk and ethical considerations, although arguably common in many policy contexts, is at best misguided and at worst damagi ...
batteries; density functional theory; physical chemistry; sulfur
Abstract:
... In the past 5 years, we have witnessed an increased interest in developing secondary aluminum–sulfur (Al–S) batteries. One of the main obstacles to further advance this technology is the large overpotentials observed during the recharge of the battery, which to a large extent are related to the insulating nature of the discharge product, namely Al₂S₃. The present work aims to elucidate the mechani ...
economic impact; income and wealth; land; landowners; landscapes; landscaping; mixing; professional ethics; qualitative analysis; quantitative analysis; working conditions
Abstract:
... This commentary expands upon Eaton et al.’s research note about the challenges of measuring sense of place (SOP). Our body of work includes qualitative and quantitative research that supports their finding that landowners have a strong SOP and conservation ethic about their working lands. However, we deliberate on the importance of considering a broader interpretation of “economic dependence” in t ...
energy; solar energy; water resources; wind; New York
Abstract:
... Jacobson et al. (2013) recently published a paper arguing the feasibility of meeting all of the energy demands in New York State with wind, solar, and water resources. In this forum we suggest that the authors do not present sufficient analysis to demonstrate the technical, economic, and social feasibility of their proposed strategy. ...
data collection; fisheries; fisheries management; government agencies; traditional technology; Senegal
Abstract:
... The job of fisheries scientists is to provide evidence that can be used for fisheries management both in tactical terms (i.e., from one year to the next) and strategically, in term of their broad orientations. Catch reconstructions, which consider all fisheries in a given area, can help with the latter, but they are often contested, as broad assumptions must often be made to reconcile and harmoniz ...
... Detailed location maps of tile drains in the Midwestern United States are generally not available, as the tile lines in these areas were laid more than 75 years ago. The objective of this study is to map individual tile drains and estimate drain spacing using a combination of GIS-based analysis of land cover, soil and topography data, and analysis of high resolution aerial photographs to within th ...
community forestry; forests; land use planning; politics; rural policy
Abstract:
... Krott and colleagues have recently developed a theoretical framework of Actor-Centred Power (ACP) that offers an analytical tool to empirically reveal the elements of power used to achieve their political interests in a particular forestry issue (Krott et al., 2014). ACP has been intensively tested in a number of issues regarding forest land use and management, community forestry and rural policy ...
... A year ago, Ripple et al.’s “Warning to Humanity” was published (Ripple et al. 2017), reigniting debate on the importance of addressing the environmental crisis that humanity will increasingly face in the 21ˢᵗ century. While we fully endorse the pertinence of this initiative, we identify critical gaps which impede the capacity of this call to action in fostering the positive change that humanity n ...
... The lack of knowledge on electrochemical reaction pathways for Al/S batteries prevents the development of practical approaches to mitigate the irreversibility and poor cycling performances of this appealing secondary battery system, which is, in theory, scalable, inexpensive, and energy-dense. Different from the Li/S system, Al/S batteries use ionic liquids (ILs) as electrolytes. The choice of the ...
... In a reply to our paper presenting new evidence supporting an intentional Neanderthal burial at La Chapelle-aux-Saints (Corrèze, France), Dibble et al. (2015) reviewed our data in relation to the original Bouyssonie publications. They conclude that alternative hypotheses can account for the preservation of the human remains within a pit. Here we present new data from our recent excavations and hig ...
aluminum; cost effectiveness; diodes; electric potential difference; silver; tin; transistors
Abstract:
... Novel and cost-effective metal–insulator semiconductor field-effect transistor (MISFET) devices were fabricated using non-toxic tin mono sulfide (SnS) as the active layer sandwiched between aluminium and silver contacts with an unintentionally grown aluminium sulfide (Al₂S₃) interface layer. MISFET devices exhibit a high turn-on voltage of 5.13 V and excellent rectifying diode characteristics. The ...
... Despite the recent advances in seed science research, information on seed dormancy and germination traits is still missing for many lineages of the seed plants. We translated and digitized a huge data set on seed dormancy and germination from the Reference Book On Dormant Seed Germination by M. Nikolaeva, M. Razumova, and V. Gladkova published in Russian in 1985 and previously not readily accessib ...
... 1. The effects of the s(al-s) gene on ovarian morphology and the development of ovarian follicles in old laying hens before and after a forced moult were investigated by measuring and weighing the ovaries and follicles. 2. The laying rate of albinos was higher than that of nonalbinos before the forced moult but not afterwards. Hierarchical follicles in albino hens were smaller than those of nonalb ...
... Real‐time remote diagnostic tools may help to overcome the “taxonomic impediment” of dwindling and geographically fragmented taxonomic expertise. We tested several real‐time remote microscopy systems based on desktop videoconferencing or virtual research environments (VREs) using standardized performance tests and real diagnostic challenges. All performed well, but ease of use was greatest for tho ...
... In their discussion paper, Sümegi & Gulyás (2021) expressed their concerns about our remarks regarding the reliability of malacothermometer-based July paleotemperature reconstructions for the Carpathian Basin as published in Obreht et al. (2019). We are content to see that our paper inspired the continuation of the discussion, however, we have some concerns about the criticism expressed by Sümegi ...
Martin Wikelski; Uschi Mueller; Paola Scocco; Andrea Catorci; Lev V. Desinov; Mikhail Y. Belyaev; Daniel Keim; Winfried Pohlmeier; Gerhard Fechteler; Paul Martin Mai
animal behavior; data collection; earthquakes; farms
Abstract:
... Zöller et al. (Ethology, 2020) criticize our original publication (Wikelski et al., Ethology, 126(9), 2020, 931) for obvious reasons: we only observed the behavior of one group of farm animals before, during and after one earthquake series in one area of the world. It is clear that no earthquake predictions are possible, and should not be attempted, from this data set. However, what we show is tha ...
... Howell et al. (2003) published an innovative augmentation to terminology proposed by Humphrey and Parkes (1959) that classified bird molt on the basis of perceived evolutionary relationships. Despite apparent universal applicability, Howell et al.'s (2003) proposed terminological changes were met with criticism that cited a failure to verify the evolutionary relationships of molt and an inability ...
crop yield; hydrologic models; simulation models; Zea mays; winter; water management; agricultural runoff; corn; prediction; plant stress; seepage; lysimeters; water flow; streams; growing season; pollution load; nitrates; water table; Indiana
Abstract:
... The hypothetical effects of drainage water management operational strategy on hydrology and crop yield at the Purdue University Water Quality Field Station (WQFS) were simulated using DRAINMOD, a field-scale hydrologic model. The WQFS has forty-eight cropping system treatment plots with 10m drain spacing. Drain flow observations from a subset of the treatment plots with continuous corn (Zea mays L ...
... The paper of Obreht et al., 2019 expresses strong criticism of malacothermometer-based summer paleotemperature reconstructions for the southern parts of the Carpathian Basin. Claims are given that malacological data yield anomalously higher temperatures for the glacials and the LGM compared to other proxy data indicating summer temperatures to be well below 15 °C even 10 °C. To support their argum ...
evolution; mathematical theory; misinformation; model validation; niches
Abstract:
... Gupta et al., in their article in this issue (‘Niche construction in evolutionary theory: the construction of an academic niche?’. doi: 10.1007/s12041-017-0787-6), lament ‘serious problems with the way science is being done’ and suggest that ‘niche construction theory exemplifies this state of affairs.’ However, their aggressively confrontational but superficial critique of niche construction theo ...